PP 1930 01

JANUARY 1930
PENCIL
POINTS
A JOURNAL FOR
THE DRAFTING ROOM
35 CENTS A COPY
21,0 0 0 COPIES OF
THIS ISSUE PRINTED

P E N C I L POINTS F O R J A N L' A R Y , 1930
Outstanding W o r k of Holabird & Root

Executed i n Indiana Limestone
Chicago Daily Neu's Building
Palmolive Building, Chicago
Saks Fifth Avenue, Chicago
333 N.Michigan Ave. Bldg., Chicago
Rand Building, Minneapolis
T H E fine office buildings faced w i t h

Indiana Limestone which every
large city now boasts are having an
important effect in raising the standard
of commercial building everywhere.
Of the architects who are responsible
f o r this beautiful architecture, Holabird
& Root are among the best k n o w n .
W e appreciate what these and other
leaders of the architectural profession
are doing in thus demonstrating to the
American business man the superior
beauty and desirability of stone con-
struction.
T h e y are making it easier for archi-
tects in all parts of the country to
create greater beauty, greater u t i l i t y
by a more extensive use of this, nature's
finest building material.
The improved facilities and service
w h i c h Indiana Limestone Company
offers in t u r n make i t more practicable
than ever f o r architects to use Indiana
Limestone for all types of construction.
f%SI matter where the building is to be
located, this stone can be laid down at
prices which compare favorably w i t h
those of substitute materials.
There is now no real reason why the
beauty and permanence w h i c h natural
stone brings cannot be given to every Detail, Rctnd Huiliiing, Minneapolis, Minn.
kind of stT lire, large or small. C. /•'. Hagl'm df So/is Co., Builders
I N D I A N A L I M E S T O N E C O M P A N Y
Qeneral Offices: B e d f o r d , Indiana Executive Offices: T r i b u n e Tower, Chicago
Pencil Points, published monthly by The Pencil Points Press. Inc.. 419 Fourth Avenue. New York. N. Y. Yearly subscription $3.00.
Single copies 3 5 cents. Entered as second class matter April 9. 1929. at the Post Office at New York, N. Y., under the Act of March 3, 1879.
Volume XI No. I Dated January. 1930.
P E N C I L POINTS FOR J A N U A R Y , 1930
T h e M o s t
U s a b l e M a t e r i a l
Atlantic Terra Cotta is susceptible to such vari-

ation of treatment that a building can be designed al-
most entirely of Atlantic Terra Cotta, exterior and
interior, as effectively as if ten or more different ma-
terials were employed.
For example, the base course might be black, the exterior

walls plain ashlar in a light color, the entrances, windows,
spandrels, frieze and cornice might be modeled and in con-
trasting color or polychrome.
The roof could be made of large handmade tiles in any

desired color, even gold.
The lobbies, halls, public rooms could have Terra Cotta

sidewalls and ceilings, simple or decorative.
Atlantic T e r r a Cotla is unique in the fact that instead of

one color more than one hundred colors are possible. Facile
modeling makes Terra Cotta the most adaptable of all materials.
L o w cost gives the added advantage of substantial saving.
Atlantic T e r r a Cotta will follow the Architect's design to

the last detail in form, color and texture. T h e result will be as
desired—restrained or sparkling with interest, clear cut or rough
hewn, softly glowing with quiet colors or brilliantly ablaze.
Atlantic Terra Cotta Company

1 9 West 44th Street, New York
Atlanta Terra Cotta Company

Atlanta, Georgia
THE SELF-HEALING
C O A L - T A R PITCH and F E L T
ROOF
When frozen, even s o f t water is /W</ on ordinary
roofs!
But A T P Roofs laugh at ice, sun, rain, wind, fire
and other roof-destroying demons. Cold and water
actually harden and preserve pitch—heat makes it
self-mending, sealing up all cuts and cracks. Fire, the
elements and mechanical wear are powerless against
the A T P slag, tile or gravel armor.
With or without bond—the bond is optional—ATP
Roofs are all made of exactly the same materials.
Dollar for dollar over periods of 25 to 40 years,
A T P - t y p e roofs consistently outwear any other
type of roofing known to man.
A M E R I C A N TAR P R O D U C T S COMPANY
KOPPERS B U I L D I N G , P I T T S B U R G H
New England Division: TAR PRODUCTS CORPORATION, Providence, R. I.
Plants at Chicago, Jersey City, St. Louis, Birmingham, Milwaukee,
Youngstown, O., Providence, R. I. and Follansbee, W. V a .
i
P E N C I L P O I N T S F O R J A N U A R Y , 1930
TKe Old Oaken Bucket

h as noplace in
i your plans...
Modern buildings need modern cooling systems

for drinking water
M O D E R N architects are
rejecting all makeshift
water cooling systems in favor
COSl actually less than for any
Other satisfactory method.
Usually the saving is from
range throughout the system.
Furthermore, only a negligible
allowance need be made for
of the refrigerated, circulating 30% to 40% over tanks or maintenance. I n both struc-
drinking water. Besides giving city water distribution. And tural and insulating proper-
healthier and pleasanter work- the water supplied is more ties, Armstrong's Cork Cover-
ing conditions to the tenants healthful, palatable. and ing is as permanent as the pipe
of the building, such a system satisfying.
is also more efficient and Armstrong engineers ill
economical. This low cost of operation gladly advise you in 1 le-
is the result of efficient insula- signing of drinking w a t sys-
When insulated with A r m - t ion. Armstrong's Cork Cover- tems. Our complete data is at
si rong's Cork Covering, the ing keeps the "line loss" so your disposal. Armstrong Cork
refrigerated system distrib- small that very little refrigera- & Insulation Company, 902
utes water at exactly the right tion holds the temperature (uncord Street, Lancaster,
temperature (45°-50° F.) at a within the desired few degrees Pennsylvania.
Armstrong's Cork Covering

M o i s t u r e - P r o o f I n s u l a t i o n f o r Cold Lines
P E N C I L POINTS F O R J A N U A R Y , 1930
The New Chicago Civic

Opera House. Graham, And-
erson. Probst &" White,
Architects: John Griffiths &
Son Company. General Con-
tractors.
Von Nuprin
Self-Releasing Fire and Panic Exit Latches
Like so many other outstandingly fine buildings, the new

Civic Opera House at Chicago is equipped w i t h V o n D u p r i n
concealed latches . . . Where high quality, fine workmanship
and reliability count—as they do on any building sheltering
considerable numbers o f people—there is no adequate substi-
tute for V o n Duprin devices . . . Y o u r request w i l l bring the
new V o n D u p r i n catalog by return mail, or see Sweet's, pages
C3130-C3135 ( A I A 2 7 c 5 ) .
Vonnegut Hardware Co.

Indianapolis, Ind.
Listed as Standard by Underwriters' Laboratories
P E N C I L P O I N T S F O R J A N U A R Y , 1930 5
Evidence
is always interesting
T h e "test load" is one way to prove the dependability of the
Raymond Method. T h e many great structures that rest
upon these piles furnish another picture of their preference
by Architects, Engineers and Owners. Every pile is poured
into a tapering spirally reinforced steel shell and every shell
is left in the ground.
RAYMOND C O N C R E T E PILE COMPANY

NEW YORK: CHICAGO:
140 C e d a r Street 111 West M o n r o e Street
Raymond Concrete Pile Co. Branches in Principal Cities
Montreal, Canada
A FORM A P I L E FOR
FOR E V E R Y E V E R Y PURPOSE
PILE —"regardless of length"
P E N C I L POINTS F O R J A N U A R Y , 19 3 0
(jeatkemieiaht Concrete
INSULATING ROOF SLABS
F O R buildings of broad, clear floor space, the use of light-
weight, long span precast roof slabs, achieves maxi-
mum economy in both the structural steel and the roof-
deck itself.
The illustration above
is an interior view of
the new 124th Field Featherweight Concrete is made of Haydite—the light-
Artillery Armory in
Chicago, a building weight aggregate used in place of sand—producing a
with a clear span of strong concrete roof-deck weighing as low as 10 lbs. per
220 feet. This picture
shows the modern, sq. ft. and offering insulating value in addition.
fireproof roof-deck of
Featherweight Con-
crete Slabs which will These fireproof slabs are affording no-maintenance
last as long as the rest service on many prominent p u b l i c buildings l i k e the
of the building, with-
out painting or other Armory shown above, the Detroit M u n i c i p a l Airport
maintenance. H a n g a r , Adler Planetarium, Shreveport Auditorium,
Lawrence College Gym, as well as on buildings of the
country's leading industrials and railroads. New "Catalog
and Roof Standards" on request.
M a d e , L a i d a n d G u a r a n t e e d b y
FEDERAL CEMENT TILE COMPANY

608 South Dearborn Street Chicago
FOR OVER A QUARTER C E N T U R Y
P E N C I L POINTS F O RJ A N U A R Y , 1930 7
AMERICAN
STEEL SHEETS
1 7
•are made to satisfy the increasing and exacting de-
mands for reliable products, that rigidly adhere to
recognized standards—and have excellence well
wrought in. AMERICAN brands assure you of this.
Quality Service
This Company is the lead- When maximum resistance
ing manufacturer of Black, to rust is a factor, specify
Galvanized, Blue Annealed for K E Y S T O N E Rust-resisting
and Special Sheets; and Copper Steel. Proved by
T i n and Terne Plates, for time and weather. We
every purpose. These are recommend this material
correctly produced i n every for roofing, gutters, siding,
detail—both mechanically culverts, tanks, flumes and
and metallurgically. Sold similar uses. Send for book-
by leading metal merchants. let Anti-Corrosive Metal.
iimiiiiiiiiiiuiii ii
American Sheet and Tin Plate Company

General Offices: Prick Building, Pittsburgh, Pa.
SUBSIDIARY OF UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION
PRINCIPAL SUBSIDIARY MANUFACTURING COMPANIES : ' — ~ •
A M E R I C A N UHIIX-.II C O M P A N Y C A R N E G I E STI-PL COMPANY ILLINOIS S T E E L COMPANY T H E LORAIN STBKI. COMPANY
AMERICAN S H E E T AND T I N P L A T E COMPANY CYCLONE FENCE COMPANY MINNESOTA S T E E L COMPANY TENNHSSRR COAL. IRON A R . R. COMPANY
AMERICAN STEEL AND W I R B COMPANY F B D E H A L SIIIPMTILOING AND D R Y DOCK COMPANY NATIONAL T U U E COMPANY UNIVERSAL PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY
Pacific Coast Distri/nUort-Valxed Slates Steel Product* Company.San Francisco. L o s Angeles. Portland. Seattle. Honolulu. Export DUtr,butor;-\}n\\*\ States Steel Products Company. New York City
Dayligkwith
Absolute
Protection
e Interiors
Need Absolute
Protection
T R A N S P A R E N T R O O F I N G by B A R -
L O C K admits only the daylight.
The most valuable properties and furnishings
pound is poured between shield and glass.
Chance for breakage or leakage is elimi-
nated. Maintenance and up-keep costs are
also eliminated. The glass has high insulating
are ever protected by these tight roofs which values.
afford an even flow of desired daylight.
Further protection is assured by the use of
T R A N S P A R E N T R O O F I N G by B A R - BAR-LOCK T R A N S P A R E N T ROOFING
L O C K is watertight in itself and only need because it is fire retarding and
be protected by flashings where it joins the burglar proof.
remainder of the roof. Not one installa-
tion has ever been found to leak, due to To specify T R A N S P A R E N T
construction. R O O F I N G by B A R - L O C K
is the proper way to specify
Every glass is doubly protected. A patented "tight roofs plus daylight."
shield set into the concrete fits around each May we send you the newest
square of glass. A cushion of elastic com- brochure?
A M E R I C A N B A R - L O C K C O . , I N C . , 3730-30th Street, Long Island City, N. Y.
BAR-LOCK
TRANSPARENT ROOFING
LASTS t h e L I F E o f t h e B U I L D I N G
P E N C I L POINTS FOR JANUARY, 1930 9
THE
ESSENTIAL
ELEMENT
Spend many doiiars on water systems . . .
many more on purifiers. T h e n allow
water to be consumed from germ-breed-
ing fountains . . . and all has been wasted.
Perhaps worse than wasted . . . for many
dread diseases are transmitted by route
of the mouth.
Drinking fountains must be properly con-
structed, if the water they deliver is to be
pure. They are an essential point... and a
most hazardous point . . . in the drinking
water system.
Clow fountains are so designed, that no
backwash from the user's mouth can stay
to hatch possible germs. Glow fountain
lips are ever clean, for a film of water
flows continuously. No fly can leave filth.
No dust can settle.
More than sixty-five styles and sizes of
Glow drinking fountains . . . meet every
conceivable need of school, factory or
public buildings. A n d these are just a few
of the many Glow fixtures, including the
Glow Madden Automatic, built especially
for school service.
J A M E S B. C L O W & SONS, 201-299 N . T A L M A N A V E . , C H I C A G O

Sales offices in principal cities
P R E F E R R E D F O R E X A C T I N G P L U M B I N G S I N C E 1878
10 P E N C I L POINTS F O R J A N U A R Y , 1930
This roof presents those striking irregu-

larities which are so pleasing to the eye —
provided the roofing material does not
over-emphasize them. Here the subdued
color tones of Tudor Stone have a soften-
ing effect, and harmonize perfectly with the
architectural design.
il
WEST PAW LET, V E R M O N T

Architects' Service Department: 101 Park Avenue, New York City
CHICAGO DETROIT i PHILADELPHIA BOSTON

P E N C I L POINTS F O R J A N U A R Y , 1930 11
F E D E R A L S E A B O A R D T E R R A C O T T A
B E R E S F O R D APARTMENTS
EMERY ROTH
Architect
H. R. H . CONSTRUCTION CO.
Builders
Federal Seaboard Terra Cotta makes

this building the architecturally out-
standing structure it is.
O N E of the four towers of
the Beresford Apartment House,
81st Street and Central Park West.

Terra Cotta cartouche at upper setback
F E D E R A L S E A B O A R D T E R R A C O T T A C O R P O R A T I O N
www
OFFICII
ARCHITECTURAL 10 EAST 40th S T R E E T
TERRA COTTA NEW YORK CITY
MANUFACTURERS T e l e p h o n e A S H l a n d 1220
F A C T O R I I S : P E R T H A MB O Y, N. J. WOODBRIDGE, N. J. • SOUTH AMBOl, N.

n P E N C I L POINTS F O R J A N U A R Y , 1930
eaaersmp
AND T H E N E W Y E A R
F r o m a seemingly At this time of gener-
fantastic idea, in al r e t r o s p e c t i o n ; of
twenty-five years to mental stock-taking
the world's largest ex- in all industries—
clusive m a n u f a c t u r - does the progress of
ers of t h e r m o s t a t i c your company show
i n s t r u m e n t s may the steady growth
seem " l u c k " to some . that you had hoped
people—but to us i t and expected, or are
represents only the a c c u m u - you barely holding your own,
lated effort of right thinking with each year's profits j u s t
and concentrated application. about the same as last?
We are proud as we look back We are not efficiency experts,

and view our past, at the be- nor is o u r f a m o u s S y l p h o n
ginning of this New Year. Not Bellows—the most durable,
in the spirit of boasting, but flexible and sensitive expansion
rather of serving. T h e road unit known—a panacea for all
hasn't always been smooth for "ills"; but we do know that
one of the hardest things to do Sylphon Temperature Regula-
is to help others to help t h e m - tors will end all your tempera-
selves. Why you can sell ""gold ture control troubles during
bricks" when you can't sell the years to come—and that
"gold dollars"—is an idiosyn- they will help to place your
crasy of h u m a n nature that is plant in line with other indus-
as hard to understand as to tries for greater growth, effi-
explain. ciency and profit.
Write for Bulletins P 125 and P J 7 5

^
The above buDetiiM arc enlightening ami
will !»<• icnt to von without oMigstiuo. < < <
fuiTON S y l p h o n (bK N O X V I L L E , TENNESSEE, U . S. A.
Knropean Representative*. Representatives in ull I'riiicipul C i l i l . S. \. Canadian Representatives,

Crosby Valve & V.ng. Com- Hurling Hros., Ltd., 140
• i t OUR
pany. I . i d . . 41-2 Foley St., CATALOGUE I'rinre St., Montreal, Que.,
London W. I . , Knifland. Canada.
SwfistS
STAN DARD CAS E M E NTS M O D E L

V
No. 5
-^CASEMENT SCREENS
T RUSCON Steel Casements em-
body the latest developments in
design, construction and equip-
ment. To their many distinctive
features have been added refinements
such as handles by Ternstedt. And
now Truscon further increases
their attractiveness and convenience
with improved screens designed
especially for Truscon Casements.
CASEMENT
SIDE HINGED
SCREENS SCREENS
An integral part of the Narrow frames, un-
casement in keeping obtrusive in appear-
with its architectural ance and flush against
beauty. Perfected to the casement frame.
insure long, care-free Strong, permanent,
service. Roll up out cf quality construction.
the way when not in Simple to operate. Easy
use but instantly avail- to install Readily re-
able at all times. Simply moved. Practical for
installed and economi- many installations.
cally priced. Cost less than wood.
Write for catalog and full information

TRUSCON STEEL COMPANY, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO
Truscon Steel Company of Canada, Limited, Walkerville, Ontario
Warehouses and Offices in all Principal Cities
Hardwick & Magee Carpets
R C H I T E C T S in the gigantic building program for nineteen'

thirty will be called upon to a far greater degree than ever be-
fore to specify rugs and carpets of superior manufacture. The
country is universally cognizant of the importance of furnishing
with high grade floor coverings. A r t , the finest of materials and the
utmost care in manufacture, are combined in the rugs and carpets
produced by Hardwick 5? Magee Company. Public buildings every-
where recognize their excellence. Witness their use in the Medinah
Athletic Club, Chicago; Mastbaum Theatre, Philadelphia, and the
Victoria Hotel, New York, all illustrated above.
H A R D W I C K & MAGEE COMPANY

Lehigh Avenue & Seventh Street Philadelphia
N E W Y O R K — 2 9 5 Fifth Ave.—P. J . Donovan & Co. D E T R O I T — 1 1 2 0 Book BIdg.—A. P. Heinz
C H I C A G O - 2 9 E . Madison St.—John Carney M I N N E A P O L I S . MINN.—911 Plymouth BIdg.—S. M . Koons
S T . L O U I S - 1 5 2 1 Ambassador BIdg.—Geo. B. Parsons A T L A N T A , GA-—403 Rhodes B l d g . - W . A. Niall
B O S T O N — 5 2 Chauncy S t . - E . F . Pillman & Son L O S A N G E L E S — 1 0 6 Spreckels BIdg.—FitzGerald & LaSpada
PCKCiL POINTS F O R J A N U A R Y , I$ 3 O 15
this u£ly defacement

caused by seepage.
CHPIEY
INTERLOCKING WALL FLASHING
Does not break the bond
CHENEY INTERLOCKING WALL FLASHING is a thru-wall copper flashing for Parapet
First View: and other masonry walls, so designed that when laid between two courses of masonry it
Severe seepage leaks have
forms a perfect mechanical key-bond in every direction.
defaced both exterior and This is true because Cheney Interlocking Wall Flashing is keyed both ways, the ends of
interior. the strips locking together to make a continuous waterproof flashing.
Second View: Cheney Interlocking Wall Flashing comes ready-to-use and requires no special fitting,
soldering, or loss of time. It is economical in cost and application, generally costing no
Mason lays Cheney F l a s h - more than ordinary copper flashing properly formed, soldered and set in place.
ing in m o r t a r as q u i c k l y
a n d easily as brick. It is a known fact that thru-wall flashing prevents efflorescence, seepage and leaks, but
heretofore Architects and Engineers have been reluctant to specify plain sheet metal flash-
Third View: ing through masonry walls because the metal breaks the bond between the courses of
Building a r c h i t e c t u r a l l y
masonry, thereby weakening the wall.
spoiled by l a c k of thru- The design of the flashing automatically takes care of all expansion and contraction due to
wall flashing.
temperature changes.
Illustration Below: Cheney Interlocking Wall Flashing has been approved on sight and adopted as standard
by leading Architects, Engineers, and Contractors, wherever shown, and its use is rapidly
A section of a 40 inch spreading over the entire country.
s t a n d a r d length Cheney In-
terlocking W a l l F l a s h i n g . Cheney Interlocking Wall Flashing is carried in Stock in all sizes and types for standard
dimension walls. Special sizes made to specifications.
Our Engineering Staff has a large fund of valuable information on the uses of Cheney
Flashing, which is available without obligation. Descriptive literature will be
sent gladly, on request. Mail the Coupon NOW.
The Cheney Company

969 M A I N S T R E E T
WINCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS
P H I L A D E L P H I A N E W Y O R K
THE CHENEY COMPANY P.P.J.

Name
909 M a i n Street
Winchetter. M a n . Street
Without ohli«alio»i please send complete iti/oi -

City
tnalinn on Cheney Thru-Wall Flashinn- Firm Name
igh Schools
on Long Island finished
with Murphy Fine Finishes
Messrs Tooker and Marsh were the architects o f these beautiful
H i g h Schools at Mineola and Sayville, Long Island.
Being fine buildings, they called for fine finishes, and very naturally
M u r p h y Finishes—upon which architects have relied for over half
a century—were used.
Murphy Finishes for the development and preservation o f fine
wood surfaces.
MURPHY VARNISH COMPANY

Members o f the Producers' Council
NEWARK CHICAGO SAN F R A N C I S C O

A pine-walled hall lends enduring charm to

the two-hundred-year old colonial cottage at
Smithtown, New Hampshire, and to the
INE WALLS ARE P R A C T I C A L
smart, modern home at Rye, Neto York.
There are practical reasons why walls of Shevlin Pine are now the thinu.
N. M. Woolsey, Architect.
Mellow . . . friendly . . . beautiful and durable . . . walls of pine are
proving surprisingly flexible in price. There are no charges for papering
or re-finishing . . . no cracking . . . fading . . . blemishing. Finger
marks and dust are simply wiped away. After centuries of service, walls
of pine are more beautiful than when first installed.
. . . Representatives . . .
Many of your clients may be interested in Shevlin Pine but a little
Your dealer can easily obtain Shev-
lin Pine for you by getting in touch
afraid i t is beyond their means. You may assure them that in simple
with the nearest office. treatments Shevlin Pine is available quite reasonably.
Chicago: 1866 Continental
For two score years the Shevlin Organization has specialized in pine.
National Bank Building
New York: N . H . Morgan Today there is a plentiful supply available in five varieties—Shevlin
Sales Agent Northern White Pine, Shevlin Norway Pine, Shevlin California Sugar
1205 Graybar Building
San Francisco: 1030 Monadnock
Pine, Shevlin California White Pine (Pinus Ponderosa) and Shevlin Pon-
Building dosa Pine. A l l Shevlin mills now make grade-marked and trade-marked
Toronto, Ontario: 606 Royal Bank lumber. T o be sure of pine with fine texture, mellow color and thorough
Building
I f you have any difficulty getting
seasoning, insist on the trade-mark "Shevlin." For data, write for
Shevlin Pine you need not accept a the booklet—"Specify Shevlin Pine." r - j n n f - j n n r i nnn
substitute. Just write us and our
nearest branch office will see that Shevlin, Carpenter & Clarke Company j^j^[^^J\l]l|ftl, U_f3QI[^
you are supplied promptly. 909 First National-Soo Line Building
Minneapolis Minnesota
18 P E N C I L POINTS FOR JANUARY, 1930
MARK
Y A L E
S T A N D A R D I Z E D B U I L D E R S ' H A R D W A R E
NEW Y O R K LIFE EQUITABLE TRUST

BUILDING BUILDING
CHRYSLER BUILDING
A FEW O F A M E R I C A ' S REPRESENTATIVE

BUILDINGS EQUIPPED WITH YALE STANDARDIZED
HARDWARE
For enduring modernity
and lasting comfort archi-
tects the nation over spec-
ify Yale Standardized
Hardware. W r i t e for i n -
teresting booklet on Yale
Standardized Hardware.
T H E Y A L E & T O W N E MFG. CO.

Stamford. Conn., U . S. A.
Canadian Branch at St. Catharines, Ont.
YALE MARKED IS Y A L E MADE

DALLAS T E L E P H O N E E X C H A N G E
«:rin" •
i 5'' ? 4.s < i s i s | ? s V 11 1 f i" f c a t, . s
LINCOLN BUILDING
"* H
U . S. D E P T . O F C O M M E R C E B U I L D I N G
HALS EY T A Y L O R
Drin kingdoun fa ins.
EXCHANGE BUILDING
Wash.
The main portion of this strikhtt,
structure rises to a height of 19

ft
11 stories while the tower-like
IIIPWilM
central part is four
m is stories higher.
mi
J O H N G R A H A M
A R C H I T E C T Sc E N G I N E E R
A. W. Q U I S T C O .
G E N E R A L CONTRACTORS
Chosen for Seattle's Newest Edifice

In general arrangement and in detail of construction
the architect has left nothing to be desired in this
newest of Seattle's office buildings. In this enterprising
Pacific Northwest metropolis no building will serve
its tenants more efficiently. Throughout the comfort,
convenience and business needs of the occupant are
givenfirstconsideration. The architect has accordingly No. 605
specified Halsey Taylor Drinking Fountains to provide An ever-pop-
ular H a l s e y
Taylorlixture
a sanitary source of drinking-water at all times! of vitreous china with practical
automatic stream control, as-
suring uniform height of drink-
The Halsey W. Taylor Company, Warren, Ohio ing water at all times, and pat-
ented two - stream projector,
providing utmost sanitation!
18 I n s t a l l e d in this building.
T H E S P E C I F I C A T I O N F O R . S A N I T A T I O N
20 P E N C I L P O I N T S FOR J A N U A R Y , 1930
NATIONAL
COPPfR-TTEtL
P I P E . . .
in the
beautiful Lexington
HOTEL LEXINGTON
New York City
Architect: Schultze & Weaver. New York City
Consulting Engineer: Clyde It. Plnce, New York City
General Contractor: Turner Construction Company, New York City
Healing Contractor: Baker. Smith & Co.. New York City
Plumbing Contractor: Geo. E . Gibson, Co., New Y o r k City
N EW York's newest hotel . . . an exemplifica-

tion of modern hotel creation . . . beautiful
without . . . beautiful within. Situated in the
Grand Central Zone of America's greatest city,
the Lexington boasts of impressive companion-
ship . . . many of New York's finest buildings are
its neighbors. In this zone are the Chrysler Build-
ing, (ihanin Building, Graybar Building, Postum
Building, New York Central Building, Park Lane
Hotel, Roosevelt Hotel, The Barclay, and the
Ambassador . . . all mighty in their fame . . . all
contain National Pipe.
Thus, the architects, contractors and engineers,
valuing highly the responsibility of planning such
a structure, specified and used tried and proven
equipment. . . equipment that befitted the build-
ing . . . its neighbors. National was used for the
major pipe tonnage, including National Copper-
Steel Pipe (especially resistant to atmospheric
corrosion) in the soil, waste, vent lines and rain
leaders. National Copper-Steel Pipe was also used
in part of the drainage lines of the Chrysler
Building, mentioned above.
Send for Bulletin No. 11, describing
NATIONAL COPPER-STEEL PIPE

The Original Copper-Steel Pipe
NATIONAL TUBE COMPANV

F n c k B u i l d i n g , P i H & b u r g h , P a .
SUBSIDIARY OF UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION
PRINCIPAL SUBSIDIARY MANUFACTURING COMPANIES:
AMERICAN BRIDGE COMPANY CARNEGIE STEEL COMPANY ILLINOIS STEEL COMPANY THE LORAIN STEEL COMPANY
AMERICAN SHEET AND T I N PLATE COMPANY CYCLONE FENCE COMPANY MINNESOTA STEEL COMPANY TENNESSEE C O A L , IRON A R. R. COMPANY
AMERICAN STEEL AND WIRE COMPANY FEDERAL SHIPBUILDING AND DRY DOCK COMPANY NATIONAL TUBE COMPANY UNIVERSAL PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY
I'an/ir Cu.in Distributors—Vailed S u l c i Stool Product! Company. San Franciico. Lot Angela, Portland, Seattle, Honolulu. Export Distributers—'United Sulci Steel Product. Company, New York City
T [HIS MODERN
TRANE HEATING SYSTEM
makes every room comfortable
and decidedly more beautiful
Now you can give every room, in every building room, the first requirement of perfect interior dec
you plan, a supremely comfortable heating system oration and economical use of space. Because Trane
and a free floor span. Concealed Heating gives the owner warmth where
You have fought the radiator battle a good many he wants it, and only when he wants it, his fuel bills
times. You know how the owner insists on comfort. show a considerable saving. Installed with Trane
Now you can specify a system that gives him quick' traps and valves and other specialties, Trane Con'
er, more flexible control of the heat, and complete cealed Heating is a complete vapor system which
freedom from annoying, destructive radiant rays. will give your clients years of moneysaving, trouble'
Warmed air circulates at the breathing level. I t is free service. For a file copy of the new booklet,
not wasted up the walls and through the ceiling. "Modern Style in Room Heating", write The Trane
You know how gladly the owner of everyfinehome, Co., Dept. 1, 302 Cameron Ave., La Crosse, Wis.
apartment building or office build'
ing will welcome the opportunity to
get rid of visible, space wasting ra'
diators entirely. When you specify T R A N E
Trane Concealed Heat you give the S P E C I A L I S T S IN H E A T I N G
owner a free floor span in every
22 P E N C I L P O I N T S F O R J A N U A R Y , 1930
W > ^ ~ ^>^N^N^V^%.
s o we prepared the sort of information
an Architect would like to have . . .
imagined an architect being asked f o r

professional advice regarding die instal-
lation of an Automatic O i l Burner . . .
W e thought of the dozens of questions
that he might have to answer.
A n d we prepared a manual containing

the sort o f information an architect
w o u l d like t o have . . . A practical
treatise covering, one by one, the prob-
lems encountered in selecting and instal-
l i n g automatic o i l burning equipment.
N o t h i n g superficial . . . A l l down-to-
rock data enabling an architect to check, ment and f o r the storage and use of
fact f o r fact, w i t h the analysis and sug- oil fuels . . . Sixty-eight pages touching
gestions of a heating engineer w h o also on a score o f matters that such books
has specialized i n the application o f usually omit, yet of definite value t o
oil fuel . . . T e x t matter, floor plans, the architect.
sections and photographs, as w e l l as
the complete regulations o f the N a - A copy of this manual will be sent
tional Board of Fire Underwriters for with our compliments to any architect
the installation of o i l burning cquip- who requests it.
M A Y OIL BURNER
B A L T I M O R E ' '
C O R P O R A T I O N
M A R Y L A N D
N E W Y O R K O F F I C I I C H I C A G O O F F I C E :
331 Madison Ave. Pure Oil Bldg.
M A Y OIL BURNER CORPORATION

Individual,
3500 E . Biddle St., Baltimore, Md.
c/o Firm...
Please send your manual of
Street
information to architects to
City .Stare.
a m o d e r n k i t c h e n in***
A Model Home
"The Virginia Manor" Model

home bit ill at Mount Lebanon,
Pittsburgh, Pa., under the
auspices of The Pittsburgh
Sun-Telegraph. Architect:
T H O S . B. G A R M A N .
KB
Kitchen o/ " T h e V i r g i n i a
M a n o r " Model Home show-
ing McDougall Built-InCubi-
net with Monel Metal sink
manufactured by ELKAY
M A NU FACTL7 RING
C O M P A N Y , Chicago. In-
stalled by B U I L T - I N C O M -
P A N Y . Pittsburgh. P a .
Beauty—Convenience—Cleanliness—in this
Monel Metal Sink-Cabinet Combination
T N planning modern kitchens, many arehi- that recommend i t t o b o t h architects and

JL tects are n o w taking advantage o f the home owners. Its silvery beauty is always
possibilities o f M o n e l Metal sinks and h a r m o n i o u s . . . w i t h any color scheme...in
other kitchen equipment. any surroundings.
By specifying M o n e l Metal f o r such units Since i t is an alloy o f nickel and copper,
as the one illustrated, i t is practicable to plan it cannot rust i n any k i n d o f service. I t re-
a kitchen that is individual i n size and ar- sists corrosion. I t has n o coating to chip
rangement and thus obtain the utmost i n and wear off. I t has a l l the strength o f steel
convenience and attractiveness. w i t h none o f steel's disadvantages.
M o n e l Metal, besides being beautiful in May we supply y o u w i t h more informa-
appearance, has many practical advantages t i o n about household uses o f M o n e l Metal?
Monel Metal Is atecbnloaJlyeon-
SEND F O R "LIST B" O F MONEL METAL A N D NICKEL LITERATURE t rolled Nickel-Copper alloy of
h.Rh Nickel content. It in mined,
smelted, reltned. rolled and
murketed nolely by The Inter-
national Nickel Company, Inc.
Tho name " M O M I Metal" Is a
real* to red trade mark.
THE I N T E R N A T I O N A L NICKEL COMPANY, INC., 67 WALL STREET, NEW YORK, N . Y.S AfETA-V*
Home of Charles Butler. Far Hills. N . J . Hyde if Shepherd, Architects
Metal Work by FlSKE

Whether it's a simple stair-rail or heavy whose confidence in the artistic and pro-
ornamental balustrade, F I S K E with over ductive ability of F I S K E has been bred
70 years of experience in this highly in years of close cooperation. And F I S K E
specialized work is prepared to fulfill the points with pride to scores of owners com-
most rigid requirements of architect and pletely satisfied with the artistic appear-
builder. ance, durable construction and perfect
detail of its installations. Write for illus-
" M e t a l work by F I S K E " has become trated catalogue of ornamental metal
a familiar expression among architects work.
J.WFiske oss&
8O Park P l a c e s New
ESTABLISHED I858
York
Stairway to upper deck, Associated Architects:
.Ishury Avenue Pavilion Warren \5 If'etmore
Asbury Park, N. J. Ernest A. A rend
Arthur Cottrcll
K. McM. Towner
P E N C I L POINTS FOR J A N U A R Y , 1930 25
N e w Beauty and Smartness—

w i t h M°dern Telephone C onve
nience
TMIUI FLOOR. PLUM
In the residence of Mr. Philip N. Lawes, 5 6 Highland Avenue, Montclair, N. J.,

there are ten telephone outlets, including one in tin garage and one in the base-
ment. Conduit built into the walls and floors conceals the telephone wiring.
W . L E S L I E W A L K E R , Architect, New York City.
5LCOMD FLOO*. PLUJ •
A FEATURE o f modern telephone convenience w h i c h is o f

particular interest t o architects is t h a t i t adds t o the appear-
ance o f a house, as w e l l as p r o v i d i n g greater convenience
and c o m f o r t f o r the occupants. Telephones today are n o t
only an indispensable means o f c o m m u n i c a t i o n , t h e y have
become a part o f home decoration. Planning f o r the tele-
phone arrangements i n advance o f construction makes i t
possible to utilize modern facilities t o f u l l advantage.
Conduits are placed w i t h i n the walls t o a l l points where
telephone service may be desired immediately or i n the
f u t u r e , a v o i d i n g the necessity o f exposed w i r i n g at any t i m e .
• FILST FLOOR. PLAM • Underground service entrances conceal the wires c o m i n g f r o m
. Lro.uo
Q | TUt»«o« Ovti*r GOMHMf
the outside. A t t r a c t i v e w a l l niches or cabinets f o r instru-
ments and directories arc constructed i n some instances,
especially where space is l i m i t e d . M a n y other things con-
tribute t o u t i l i t y and smartness.
I t is desirable t h a t architects consult freely w i t h repre-
sentatives o f the telephone company i n p l a n n i n g f o r tele-
phone convenience i n new or remodeled houses. N o charge
is made f o r this service. Just call the Business Office.
buotntuT PL*U
Recent Installations of
fays MARK.
WINDOW GLASS
A PRODUCT OF
AMERICAN WIN WORLD'S LARGEST PRODUCER
[1] Preston J . B r a d s h a w . a r c h i t e c t
unci c o n t r a c t o r ; T h e N u r r e
C o m p a n i e s , gfrndan,
| 2 | W m . B . I t t n e r . a r c h i t e c t ; Fields
('.untilruction C o . , contractors;
t'.umlie Hrny ( . I J I H H & P a i n t C o . ,
glaziers.
[ 3 ] K a r l A. Bolter's, a r c h i t e c t ; W . P .
F u l l e r & C o . , glazing c o n t r a c t o r .
[1] W i l l i a m R r m i n e r t C o n s t r u c t ion
C o . , a r c h i t e c t s a n d builderM;
I I u l tig S a s h & Door C o . , glaziers.
DOW CLASS CO
OF WINDOW GLASS
PREFERRED B Y
ARCHITECTS
15] M i m m o n s , < I a n »K' W r i s b t , a r c h i -
tects; l l c K c m a i i - l l a r r i s 0 > . , I n c . ,
. o n I ructors. The impressive number and character of
"A.W.G. CO." installations is proof posi-
|6] S a m u e l S . S i l v e r m a n . I n c .
huilderH a n d C I B I H T M K. G o l d - tive of the quality of the glass manufac-
Hmitli, ;:i t' f r.
tured by American Window Glass Co.
|7J ChuH. I I . Affreej a r c h i t e c t ; I . m i i : -
ucre C o n s t r u c t i o n C o . , c o n t r a c - "A.W.G. CO." Window Glass has been the
tors; S c h r t H . t l i T P a i n t * < i l a s s t . 0 . .
glaziers. preference of architects for more than a
quarter of a century.
[8] C . B . J . S n y d e r , a r c h i t e c t ; S a m u e l
E p s t e i n , I n c . , gfariwr
A M E R I C A N W I X D O W G L A S S CO.
|9] A b r n m G a r f i e l d , a r c h i t e c t ; J o h n
G U I ; Ctotn-M Lit tic. c o n t r a c t o r s ; World's largest Producer t>f Window Class
Century Glass & Paint C o . ,
•Intern. Pittsburgh, Pa.
2824
28 P E N C I L POINTS F O R JANUARY, 1930
LignoicUCompo
O R N A M E N T S
for Wood Work
The Tudor Paneling illustrated

shows the possibilities of Lignoid-
Compo wherever relief ornament
on woodwork is desired.
Also Art Stone Mantelpieces

In all Periods
Jacobson M a n t e l &
Ornament Company
322 East 44th Street
New York
L O U I S GEIB A R T H U R P. W I N D O L P H C
H O L D F A S T TACKLESS CARPET STRIP A N K O R T I T E FLOOR JOINERS
Anchor assembly pro-

vides solid base. Any
looseness of threshold
plate is taken up by spac-
ing collar and adjustable
locknut.
Furnished with arched P^^^W^^^^
or flat threshold plate in
brass, bronze or galvanized steel, plain or grooved in
all common widths—a very practical, economical and
attractive joiner for abutting floors. See Sweet's, Page
B-2119 for complete catalog description
RECESSED BRASS B I N D I N G B A R
The ideal carpet installation must be free from ex- A brass bar that forms
posed tack heads or depressions from tacking; it must an offset for applied cov-
permit carpets to be taken up f o r cleaning or replace- erings when joined to con-
ment without injury to carpet or fastening; it must be crete or terrazzo. Square
or cover base extended a
convenient, strong and economical. A l l this and more
few inches from wall gives
is embodied in the Holdfast Tackless Carpet Strip—a a neat, a t t r a c t i v e and
simple, easy method that eliminates plugs or locating sanitary joint and pro-
and burying wood strips; does away with tacking and tects b o t h materials
provides a more beautiful and economical installation. against chipping. A n inexpensive method that gives
highly satisfactory results. See Sweet's, Page B-2118
Completely catalogued i n Sweet's—Page C-3538 for complete catalog.
AGENTS IN
PKINC'M'M
FLOOR ACCESSORIES C O . , Inc. G E N E R A L OFFICE:
KANSAS CITY
Manufacturers also of Ankortite Floor Clips, Brass Stair Nosings,
CITIES MISSOURI
Linoleum Bindings and Counter Edgings.
PENCIL POINTS F OR JANUARY, 19 3 0 29
SEDGWICK
Dumbltfaiters»SleVato
FOR A L L PURPOSES
Another Improved
Dumb Waiter
Machine
A L H A M B R A one piece
Two Color Mirror Steel Bath room
-Or EQUAL"
Has no Place in
Corcoran Specifications
Fully 9 0 % of all specifications carry the
"—or equal" clause. It is inserted to satisfy
the specifier that the product will be of stand-
ard quality. However, Corcoran One-Piece The Sedg-Versal
Steel Bathroom Cabinets have no equal—
there is no substitute—because fifteen superior
points of construction and design make it a
leader—a cabinet containing certain original
and exclusive features that make it a leader
without an equal. T h i s revolutionary cabinet
increases bathroom beauty and good appear-
S EDGWICK ingenuity has
originated and perfected a
dumb waiter that meets A L L
ance besides being practical and exceptionally
durable. Write today for catalog.
conditions—the "Sedg-Versal".
T h i s machine is a self-con-
Sold Only Through Jobbers.
tained unit so designed that, by
THE CORCORAN MFG. COMPANY re-arrangement of gears, it can
Cincinnati, Ohio be changed for various capacities
and speeds, thus embodying five
Complete stocks are now being carried in
different types of vertical trans-
M A I L Chicago, New York, Philadelphia and
Boston; communicate with Corcoran offices portation equipment.
at 1820 McCormick Bldg., Chicago; 1228
T H I S
Locust St., Philadelphia; 11 West 42nd
St., New Y o r k and Bcaudette and Graham T h e Sedgivick Architects Service
COUPON Co., 915 Boylston St., Boston.
Department will gladly send
complete data.
Corcoran M f g . Co., Dept. P P 1-30
Gentlemen:
We
nets.
are interested in Corcoran One-Piece Steel Bathroom Cabi-
K i n d l y send catalog and full details.
SEDGWICK
Name
M A C H I N E W O R K S
Address 158 West 15th Street N e w York

City . . . State
PENCIL POINTS FOR JANUARY, 1930
Walls and Ceilings ar

80% of an
Interior
Build them of
ARCH
LATH
Apartments: Cabanne Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.
V. A. Chinberg, Owner, Architect and Contractor
made of
A R C H L A T H installation throughout
C O P - R - L O Y R C R . U . S . Pat.Off.
THE COPPER A L L O Y E D SHEET STEEL
The use of COP-R-LOY in Arch plaster base without addi-

Lath is an added factor for tional cost.
long life. This refined steel Considering the factor of
insures a permanence never fire-safety, alone—walls and One sheet of Arch Lath
[27x96] grips the plaster
before achieved in walls and ceilings reinforced with Arch at 8,064 points, making
the wall an integral unit
ceilings. The rigidity of the Lath are armored for maxi- of rigidity and strength,
while minimizing pos-
Lath and the unique arch mum protection which your s i b i l i t y of c r a c k i n g .
design enables the plasterer clients cannot afford to miss.

to secure the desired results WHEELING CORRUGATING
with the least use of material COMPANY, Wheeling, West Virginia
B ranches
and labor. Specification of New York Buffalo Philadelphia Chicago
Kansas City St. Louis Richmond Chattanooga
Arch Lath permits firesafe Minneapolis Des Moines Columbus. Ohio
Detroit
Span is
Cop-R-Loy is also available in building Metal
materials such as Spanish Metal Tile, Til
Roofing Ternes, Diamond Lath, Corner
Wheeling Bead, Picture Mold, Base Screed, Coal and

Ash Pit Doors, etc., Spanish Metal Tile adds
distinctive charm to any home besides giv-
ing protection against fire and lightning.
ADDING VERSATILITY
TO THE LARGEST BUILDING OF ITS K I N D
IN THE WORLD WITH
J O S A M DRAINS
—f
4-
liTnrniiiftfgiiHf^M r j i n m i
Underwood & Undenvood

Lockwood-Grccne & Co., Inc.; Engineers
Boston, Mass.
Cook & Blount, Assoc.
New York, N. Y.
Architects O NE day a circus —the next a plumbers' convention. One day a
prize fight—the next a flower show. The Atlantic City Con-
vention Hall adds the art of versatility—rapid-fire, overnight
M. B. Mark-land Co., Gen. Contractors
Atlantic City, N. J. changing—to its mammoth size.
But versatility can never be accomplished without having the drains
geared up to take care of all cleaning and waste water, and conden'
sation from pipes—without placing drains not only at the usual
places but at every point in the building to guard against seepage
and inadequate draining. Furthermore, Josam Drains play a very
important part in saving the beauty of the building and protecting
it forever against the depreciating effects of deterioration.
Josam Drains are installed throughout —in the roof, floors, ramps,
areaways. entrances, boiler room, lavatories.
Josam Drains are protecting thousands of notable structures. Josam
engineers, working together with architects, are finding new uses for
Josam Drains. Architects are specifying Josam Drains not only at
the obvious places but at every vital point where an extra measure
of protection must be added.
The Josam Catalog " C " which recommends hundreds of uses for Josam Drains and Josam Products
oiher Josam Producis will be sent gladly upon request. arc sold by all
Plumbing and
Heating Supply
T h e Josam Manufacturing Co., 4908 Euclid Blag., Cleveland, O. Jobbers
Factory: Michiuun Cilv, Indiana Branches in Principal CilioK
The Josam Line Includes:

Josam Drains for Floors, Roofs.
Showers. Urinals, Garages and
Hospitals; Josam Swimming Pool
Equipment; Josam-Marsh Grease,
Plaster, Dental and Surgical,
Sediment and Hair Interceptors;
Josam-Graver Floor-Fed, Gas-
Fired Portable Garbage and Rub-
bish Incinerators; Josam Open
Seat Back Water Sewer Valves;
Josam Open Seat Swing Check
Valves; Josam Adjustable Water
and Gas-Tight Closet Outlet Con-
nections ami Bends.
There are no Substitutes for Josam Products

32 P E N C I L POINTS FOR J A N U A R Y , 1930
INSIDE THIS BUILDING:

165 modern kitchens
165 Sealex Tile floors
A P A R T M E N T - L I V I N G gives the kitchen
J t \ a new importance. I t is no longer "ser-
vants' quarters," but a room which tenants
themselves use freely and frequently. New
standards of l>eauty and cleanliness mark the
modern apartment house kitchen or kitchen-
ette—which explains -why those who visit resi-
dential buildings w i t h an eye to leasing or buy-
ing apartments are invariably pleased when
they find that a far-sighted management has
provided floors of Sealex Linoleum or Sealex
Treadlite Tile in the kitchen.
Sealex floorings are quiet, colorful and com-
fortable. They are likewise spot-proof and
stain-proof—being manufactured by the ex-
clusive Sealex Process which seals them against
dirt, grease and liquids.
The city dirt which drifts into apartment rrr m r r ^ T m ^ ^ l
house windows is easily removed from the
r
n " r r r r r rrr i r . r f r f M n
lir f f t t r Mt rrr rrrrr nr yjj

smooth, sanitary surface of Sealex floors. A dry m rrrrr i r rr rrrrr rtf rii
mop or fine floor brush is all that is necessary. rif t*• rr rrr irr r r i ^ t r r i *
And if things are spilled—fruit juices, hot f a t ,
If r » f rrr" r r • - \ T f r r ' " *r "
T 7
etc.—they can be wiped up w i t h a damp cloth T*f n r r r " rr^j,

r
and not a trace of damage remains.

Sealex Linoleums—plain, battleship, jaspe,
inlaid and embossed inlaid—are laid from the
roll. Sealex Treadlite Tile—a resilient, cork-
composition tile which comes in many sizes
Bkhksfohd Apabtmexts, New York City
and colors, including rich marble-ized effects Architect: Kmcry Hot h
Contractors: I I . It. II. ('oust met ion Co.
—is laid by hand in made-to-order patterns* Bonded Floors Contractors: L . L . Leudeman Co., Inc.
Sealex floors are all-purpose, modern, resili-
ent floors. Buildings which serve residential or
S
business tenants are using them more and E A L E X Floorings are sold under the
more—to attract tenants and to cut costs. broad guarantee of "Satisfaction or
Your Money Back."
Write our Department I for facta and figures.
When Sealex materials are installed by
Authorized Bonded Floors Contractors,
C O N G O L E U M - N A I R N INC.
the owner is assured of expert work-
Central Office: Kearny, N . J .
T
Manufacturers of materials for Bonded Floors. Authorized manship by a firm that has Ix-cn investi-
Contractor! arc latuNM in principal cities. gated and endorsed b y Congoleum-
Nairn Inc. Bonded Floors of Sealex
Linoleum and Sealex Tiles are backed by
a Guaranty Bond, issued by the U . S.
Fidelity and Guaranty Company, Balti-
more, M d .
.^welcome Gifts
that Santa Claus Left
QOXES, crates, wrappings and packing materials! What
" to do with them? . . . With coal fired heating equip-
ment they may be fed to the furnace — slowly, little by
little — a bothersome, laborious job. But with oil or gas
there is a real problem. The heating plant is out of the With G A S or
question, rubbish in the basement is UNSAFE, and bonfires OIL for HEAT-
are prohibited by ordinance in most cities . . . When you ING—what will
specify oil or gas heat, a Kernerator should be written you do with
in, too — for convenience sake. Otherwise there is the
WASTE and
RUBBISH?
continual problem of "what to do with waste and rub-
bish?" . . . You can specify Kernerator with confidence
— c o n f i d e n c e in the p r o d u c t , for it is built by the
pioneers of incineration — confidence that it is correctly
installed, for trained men supervise every job — confi- RNERA
dence in the service that will give because of the universal I N C I N E R A T I O N
satisfaction that Kernerators have given for more than FOR N E W A N D E X I S T I N G BUILDINGS
seventeen years . . . In specifying Kernerator you are

giving your client incineration of proven dependability.
Kerner Incinerator Co., 703 E. Water St., Milwaukee,Wis.
T T T T W A
JOB W E L L D O N E
"^TREST BROS.
KEENE'S H E R E we present another pleasing ex-
a m p l e o f the u s e o f B E S T B R O S .
Keene's Cement i n the h o m e . . . . in this
CEMENT case a beautiful residence on an estate in
Westchester County, N. Y .
This work is of the three-coat type, BEST
QJilways * B E 8 T * for Plastering- BROS. Keene's Cement heing used in all three
coats. The result, as usual, was of three-fold sat-
isfaction . . . . to architect, plasterer and owner.
A joh of unusual beauty ami of lasting strength.
An A r c h i t e c t is an Investment —• Not an Expense
BEST BROS. KEENE'S CEMENT CO.
1040 W. 2nd Ave., MEDICINE LODGE, KANSAS
Sal— Officim in: *f "t
n Detroit ' St. Inn..
Chicago . \ / San Francisco' Atlanta
(32)
Front and back

of 6%" block
Each block is a complete unit

of three or more flooring
strips, in ouk, walnut, mnple,
beech, red gum, light and
dark "Oriental"—cither
beveled or square edge. 6 • 4 ' .
9' or 11' 4 " squares. 13/16"
thickness.nil grades. *CELL-
ized by a chemical treat, to
reduce the tendency to
change in size. Insect and
decay resistant. Seeourcata-
log in Sweet's—21th edition.
Ballroom in the Tower of the

Stevens Hotel. Chicago. Laid
by Kaucher Engineering Co.,
(.'hicago.
Dance Floor in the Silver Slipper Night Club, Memphis

Laid by R. Cluck Flooring Co.. Memphis
Three outstanding features
a l o n e j u s t i f y the present widespread use of Wood
Floor Blocks in such interiors as these. As each block is
a complete unit, laying time is reduced to a minimum. As
no nails are used —the blocks being laid in E V E R B O N D , a
plastic cement, directly over concrete—a sound-deadening,
quiet and firm floor is the result, unexcelled for ballroom
purposes. And third, due to the *CELLizing process,
practical protection is afforded against changes in the size
of the blocks from atmospheric conditions.
Embassy Club—Toronto. Canada. Approximately

The beauty and homelike attractiveness of a design wood
2500 square feet oak 'CELLited Floor Blocks.
Jonckheere Construction Co., Contractors.
floor, in addition to durability and economy in upkeep, is
a valuable asset likewise in guest
rooms, where Wood Floor Blocks, 'CELLized wood floor blocks
are guaranteed by "CELL-
ized Oak Flooring Inc. when
relieved by "scatter rugs," strike laid by Licensed Flooring
Contractors. The names of
a new note in hotel appointments. those licensed to use this
label in your locality will
be supplied upon request.
Sold through lumber dealers everywhere; manufactured by

E. L . BRUCE COMPANY . . . . Memphis, Tenn.
i
T H E L O N G - B E L L LUMBER CO. . Kansas City. Mo. tELUz«/CViknoorin
N A S H V I L L E HDW. FLOORING CO.. Nashvillc.Tenn.
ARKANSAS OAK F L O O R I N G CO. . Pine Bluff. Ark.
Jlallroom in Lord Nelson Hotel. * C E L L / W planks and strip

Halifax, Canada, operated by the
C. P. R. While and red *C K L L i W
oak floor blocks laid alternately. CEllhed Oak Flccrinq Inc. flooring are obtainable through
licensees ofCELLised Oak
Flooring Inc.
J MEMPHIS — TENNESSEE J
«« PROGRESS
To the user of cement who places
time on a par with money, Prestolith
Velo Cement has proved a valuable
a s s e t . . . b e c a u s e Prestolith V e l o
Cement Concrete attains in 24 hours
the strength required of normal Port-
land cement concrete in 28 days.
VELO CENENT
Anticipating the demand for speed
and safety in concrete construction,
the Missouri Portland Cement Co.
has erected the $2,500,000 plant,
illustrated below, for the exclusive
manu facture of Prestolith V e l o
Cement. This is the first plant ever
erected by any manufacturer for the
sole production of high-early-
strength cement.
C Manufacturers of Red Ring Portland [I

Cement for more than a quarter of a P
century. Write for complete literature.JJ
M i s s o u r i P o r t l a n d C e m e n t Co.
ST. L O U I S KANSAS CITY MEMPHIS
Manufacturers of "Red Ring" Portland Cement and "Prestolith" brand of
Velo Cement. Producers of sand, gravel and Bethany Falls crushed stone.
MARKED
AND CERTIFIED
This symbol rolled on all deformed rail steel re-
inforcing bars produced by these mills certifies
quality meeting A S T M Specification, A 1 6 - 1 4 :
Buffalo Steel Company,Tonawanda, N.Y; Burlington
Steel Company, Hamilton, Canada; Calumet Steel
Company, Chicago, III.; Canadian Tube and Steel
Products Limited, Montreal, Canada; Connors Steel
Company, Birmingham, Ala.; Danville Structural
Steel Company, Danville, Pa.; Franklin Steel Works,
Franklin, Pa.; Laclede Steel Company, St. Louis,
Mo.; Missouri Rolling Mill Corporation, St. Louis,
Mo.; Pollak Steel Company, Cincinnati, Ohio and
West Virginia Rail Company, Huntington, W. Va.
Rail Steel Bar Association, Builders Building,Chicago
for concrete reinforcing

P A R - L O C K I S AN O P E N B O O K
*1
The Whole Story, Simplified in

Sweet's Pages A 2 8 6 - 2 8 7
T O comprehend Par-Lock and Dens-tect it is only necessary to
turn to the concise, accurate explanation in Sweet's Catalogue,
Pages A 286-287. ^ T o apply this knowledge to your own problem,
with accurate estimate of costs, get in touch with the nearest Par-
Lock Applier. <J Y o u will not be bombarded with Par-Lock litera-
ture in 1930. W e propose to save your time and our money by
confining the Par-Lock and Dens-tect stories to this convenient work
of reference. <J Par-Lock Products, always coupled with efficient Par-
Lock applying service, afford you a complete range of pre-plastering
treatments for masonry surfaces plastered direct . . . as well as a
variety of dependable damp-proofing and water-proofing treatments.
- J* For quick attention in apply- ^ - a w
TzfruoCfo fiKfifra Dead-Teet

P l a s t e r K e y / « local phone directories. P r o t e c t s P l a s t e r
Address
ALBANY,
PAR-LOCKC H I C A G O . APM*LMERS
DETROIT.
of {NameN E WofY O RCity at any TPoint
K CITY. ORONTO.
Listed}
425 O r a n g e S t r e e t 862, Builders Bldg. 2457 First National Bldg. 50 C h u r c h S t r e e t 2258a Bloor Street. West
PHILADELPHIA. TRENTON.
ATLANTA CINCINNATI. OHIO KANSAS C I T Y , MO. 1700 Walnut Street
Bona Allen Building 611 Dixie Terminal Bldg. 2035 East 19th Street PITTSBURGH, 339 Broad St. Bank Bldg.
207 Fulton Building YOUNGSTOWN,
BALTIMORE, CLEVELAND. MINNEAPOLIS.
613 West Cro»» Street 218 Hunkin-ConkevBldg. 434 Builders Exchange SCRANTON. PENNA. 503 City Bank Building
Cedar Avenue W I L K E S - B A R R E , PA.
BUFFALO. COLUMBUS, N E W A R K , N. J. ST. L O U I S
958 Ellicott Square Bldg. 751 South Cassingham Rd. 904 Second NatM Bank
24 Commerce Street 1514 Chemical Building Building
T H E V O R T E X M A N U F A C T U R I N G C O M P A N Y * 1975 West th 77 St., Cleveland, Ohio

" N o b u i l d i n g is
more fireproof than
its doors and trim"
—DAHLSTROM
Metal Doors and Trim

by
DAHLSTROM
lower another fire loss
A G A I N Dahlstrorn Equipment has confined a potentially
t serious Fire to its place of origin . . prevented its spread
from office to office . . . . and reduced damages to a minimum.
The final economy of Dahlstrorn installations entirely compen-

sates the slightly greater original cost. Dahlstrorn Metallic Doors
and Trim not only l o w e r maintenance costs but their prevention
of irreparable lossof records and serious damage to office e q u i p -
ment, inspires and keeps the confidence of tenants.
To specify "Dahlstrorn" is a guarantee of satisfaction and excel-

lence a guarantee made positive by the experience of more
than a quarter of a century.
Plates of recent Dahlstrorn installations are available to those

interested.
DAHLSTROM METALLIC DOOR Co.

455 BUFFALO STREET ( Es,a b
1 9 S )
hed
J A M E S T O W N , N E W YORK
DETROIT CHICAGO NEW YORK CLEVELAND PHILADELPHIA LOS ANGELES
STEEL fiOILE^
for Homes and
Smaller Buildings
B ORN of more than 60 years experi-
ence in boiler building, here is a
boiler especially designed, engineered
and built to meet the demand for
a better residence heating boiler.
Actually—it is a climax in the devel-
opment of steel boilers — a product well
worthy to take its place in the Kewanee line
—the most complete in the world.
In Type " R " will be found all that cor-
rectness of design; sturdiness of materials;
and skilled care in manufacturing which has
kept Kewanee foremost among steel heat-
ing boilers.
Even to the smallest details it is built
UP to the rigid Kewanee requirements — a
boiler that can be relied upon to give
many extra years of service—not a boiler
built DOWN to a price.
e^TOJV- there's a Kewanee Steel Boiler

for C O A L ,
O I L or G A S
Features of Design
A bigger, higher combustion chamber provides plenty of
space for the fuel gases to mix with air and burn com-
pletely. Fewer firings are needed because the firebox
permits carrying a larger bed of coal.
The "right-side-up'* crown sheet. — a distinctive
Kewanee feature—is self-cleaning and self-draining.
Sediment and scale cannot collect above the hottest
fire zone. This construction also adds strength.
The Double-Pass gives longer travel of gases as they are
given a "Forward Pasa," then a "Backward Pass"—twice
tlie length of the {toiler—before reaching the stack. All of
the useful heat is thus absorbed by the water in the boiler.
A more generous steam space provides ample storage
capacity, and prevents "priming."
Features of Construction
Thicker, heavier steel plate, w i t h all flat surfaces stiffened
w i t h threaded and riveted-down stay bolts, gives Type R
a strength which insures m a n y extra years of service.
Castings are heavier—the smaller pieces being of
tough malleable iron.
A l l doors are surface ground and fitted tight to frame.
Doors exposed to heat are protected with high tempera-
ture insulating material, preventing escape
of valuable heat. They will carry the total radi-
The base, of very heavy cast iron, goes ation load listed as their capacity
into the basement in one piece, complex I \ and in addition will easily handle
assembled. large overloads, w i t h long firing
Grates operate on trunnions fitted into |>eriods and with low stack temper-
removable sockets which rest in the base. atures.
The damper and balanced draft doors are
back of the boiler, and instead of being Extremely Effieien t
operated by chains dangling in front, are In tests—made as nearly as possible
both operated by a single rod. under actual working conditions—effi-
ciencies ran far better than the average
Conservative Ratings for low pressure heating boilers.
Catalog Ratings are in conformity with the For Coal. Oil or Gas
Steel Heating Boiler Institute's Code for Specially designed and built for burning
low pressure heating boilers. \ arious kinds of fuel—hard or soft coal, oil
or gas—there is aType " R " f o r every locality
In shes to heat from 370 to 1960

square feet, of steam, aiul from 590
to 3140 square feet of tvater radia-
tion. Details in Catalog No. 88.
Kewanee. 591 l e k Corporation

d i v i H i u n of A m e r i c a n Kiiilinlor a n d S t u n d u r d S a n i t u r y Corporation
CAST-IRON BASE,
<;OLS I N T O B A S E M E N T A L L R E A D Y A S S E M B L E D Kewanee, Illinois
Branches in 40 Principal Cities
to heat every size and type qf building

Four city blocks covered

by one Gypsteel Pre-Cast Roof—
THE Atlantic City A u d i t o r i u m has the largest single-
span r o o f i n the w o r l d , covering 175,000 sq. feet,
more than the area o f 4 city blocks 200 f t . square.
L OCKWOOD GREENE ENGINEERS INC.,

a and Cook & Blount, Architects, chose a
Gypsteel Pre-Cast Roof for this tremendous
The Gypsteel Pre-Cast R o o f
L Permitted economies in the supporting
steel, due to its lightness.
span because it did the six things listed to the 2. Gave greater fire-resistance.
right better than any other available roof
3. Eliminated all forms and scaffolding.
construction. Our engineers w i l l work with
you in achieving similar economics with 4. Required no upkeep.
Gypsteel Pre-Cast Roofs for your buildings. 5. Was installed easily and quickly.
Having our roof catalog might help. 6. Reduced heating costs very substantially.
Pre-Cast Fireproof Roofs are made only by
General Offices: Sales Offices in

Linden, N. J . STRUCTURAL GYPSUM CORPORATION Principal Cities
A N O L D PERIOD ROOM W I T H A M O D E R N FLOOR—ARMSTRONG's H A N D M A D E M A R B L E I N L A I D , NO. 68.
emeu A
M MM M
r.. ....,.„ M
O l d P e r i o d Effects ®
Floor that w i l l fit in w i t h its atmos-
,, but ^Modern Convenience, too phere and its color scheme.

Let us tell you the rest of this mod-
ern floor story . . . the hun-
dreds of attractive designs, and the
work of Old World master tilers, Accolac Process surface that keeps
Here's a f l o o r t h a t Embossed Tile patterns that breathe them fresh and bright. Send for our
offers both the spirit of the Fifteenth Century file-size book of information, includ-
. . . yet each is reproduced in the ing specifications and descriptions
most modern of easy-to-care-for, re- of linoleum and other resilient floor
T ODAY'S home builder finds

yesterday's architectural effects
charming, but has little patience for
silient floor material. No matter
what type of room you are creating,
no matter what its size, location, or
materials. We w i l l gladly send sam-
ples and colorplates upon request.
Address Armstrong Cork Company,
old-fashioned housekeeping troubles. purpose, you w i l l find an Armstrong Floor Division, Lancaster, Penna.
So the modern architect draws in-
spiration from the past, and finds an
opportunity for originality in creat-
ing old effects from new materials. Armstrongs
Linoleum
Many of these architects, builders,
and designers have used Armstrong's "Modern floor materials have made
Linoleum for this purpose, losing possible the reproduction of period
nothing of the original spirit, gain-
Floors
effects with the satisfaction of per-
manent beauty and ease of main-
ing much in modern color and con- tenance."
venience.
HARRY C. STARR, Architect
There are Handmade Marble Inlaid
designs that might have been the
Jor every room in the house
PLAIN JASPE INLAID and EMBOSSED also ARMSTRONG'S LINOTILE AND CORK TILE
THE DOORWAY OF AMERICA'S FREIGHT ELEVATOR TRAFFIC
THE PEELLE 1
COMPANY
3 OftN
6 ODJ1
STOP
A .RMIES of men . . . countless wheels

...incalculable tonnage.. .travel the vertical
traffic trail that leads through Peelle Doors.
Doors afford automatic entrance and exit
at the touch of a button. Also permitting
operation by a remote control. €| Consult our
In industries that span the continent, Peelle engineers, or write for Peelle Door catalog.
Doors play an invaluable part in the safe
THE PEELLE COMPANY, Brooklyn, N. Y.
and speedy movement of interior traffic. Boston, Chicago, Cleveland, Philadelphia, Atlanta and 30
Electrified for greater efficiency, Peelle other cities • In Canada: Toronto and Hamilton, Ontario.
Freight
PEELLE DOOR
IN T H E
A R T G A L L E R Y
Washington, D. C.
Telescopic Hoist
Wt/i Automatic Stop and Omy'ityLowerinqDeîct The Corcoran Gallery of Art zvas founded ami
endtrwed by the late William W. Corcoran in
§869 as a gift to the public, "for the perpetual
establishment and encouragement of the Fine
Arts." Its collections hazr grown in extent ami
value until the Corcoran Gallery is now one of
the chief places of interest in Washington.
T H E Model E G&G Electric Telescopic

Hoist with door equipment, as illus-
trated, in use at the Corcoran A r t Gallery
(Charles A . Piatt, A r c h t . ) , has been re-
peatedly specified for use i n buildings where
a modern ash removal system is desired. Its
chief advantages are: (1) positive safety be-
cause sidewalk opening- is protected at all
times, particularly when, as illustrated, the
opening is away f r o m building wall and four
sides are guarded; (2) economy in operation
because one man can do all the work and a
surprisingly small amount of current is re-
quired; and (3) its rugged construction as-
suring long years of service.
As proof of its low operating cost, tests con-
ducted w i t h Model E Hoists by engineers
of the Sprague Electric W o r k s of the
General Electric Company, disclosed the
following results:
2% cans raised in one kilowatt hour
K5 round trips tor one cent current cost
227 cans handled in fine kilowatt hour
IS! tons of ashes raised in one kilowatt hour
258 cans raised in one kilowatt hour
Differences in rate per kilowatt hour and distance of

l i f t account f o r variance in results. Detailed figures
of these tests are available on request. Hoists tested
were regular stock models at actual installations, in use
f o r some time for the removal of ashes.
1.885 schools, 598 banks, 173 Bell Telephone Buildings,
use G&G Ash Removal Equipment. The list of satis-
fied users covers almost every building classification.
Electric and hand-power models to meet varying con-
ditions, but all noted f o r their outstanding economy in
operation, positive safety features and extra long life.
Our Engineering Department will be glad to work with
you on your next project.
Catalog in Street's A r c h t . Cat., 24th Ed., />/>. D 5 I I 6 - 2 J
Catalog in Specification Data, 1929 Ed., />/>. 226-7
G I L L I S &. G E O G H E G A N
548 West Broadway N e w York, N . Y .
Mills Metal
Voicing the combined opinion of the
Improved Toilet Partitions
multitude of typical® users, this mes-
sage of your co-worker based on prac- The Mills Metal Improved Toilet
tical experience is of Interest to you. Partition is a definite advance over the ordinary
unsanitary, m a k e ' s h i f t partition. Thru-bolted
hardware of aluminum alloy. The Mills internal
I use
shoe prevents moisture accumulations and germ
breeding. A t h o r o u g h l y i m p r o v e d product.
Write for descriptive literature. +
T H E MILLS COMPANY
A Mills Met a I Partition for Every Purpose
PANELBOARDS 904 Wayside Road

Cleveland, Ohio
Representative! in All Principal Cities
,. and I'll tell you why!"

The four factors of panelboard selection are safety*
troubleless operation, standardization and price. Be-
cause @ Panelboards are sectionally built of black
asbestos composition with live parts mounted on the
back they are permanently safe. Because @ Panel-
boards last as long as the building where they are in-
stalled and serve without maintenance they are
troubleproof. Because both @ Panelboards and @
Steel cabinets are standardized w i t h each other and
separately in each part they are uniform always.
A l l these qualities interpreted i n terms of price, i n

my opinion ® Panelboards are lowest i n cost. A l l i n
all, to know them is to use them.
Without obligation you are invited to use the

© men in your nearest office for solving panel-
board problems. Send for catalog No. 45—Free.
Shrank c/Ldam
ELECTRIC COMPANY
ST. L O U I S
Cabinet Heaters
— the modern copper radiation equipment that
Atlanta, Ga. Detroit, Mich. Omaha, Nebr. offers the combined advantages of better heating
Baltimore. Md. Jacksonville, Fla. Philadelphia, Pa. and better room appearance. Write for catalog.
Boston, MaM. Kansas Citv, Mo. Pittsburgh, Pa.
Buffalo, N . Y . Los Angeles, Calif. San Francisco, Calif. MODINE MANUFACTURING CO.
Chicago, 111. Memphis, Tcnn. Seattle, Wash. 1722 Racine St. <Healing Division) Racine, Wis.
Cincinnati, Ohio Minneapolis, Minn. Tulsa, Ok la. Branch offices in all large cities.
Dallas, Texas New Orleans, La. Vancouver, B. C . London Office: S. G. Leach BC Co., Ltd., 26-JO Artillery Lane.
Denver, Colo. New York, N . Y . Winnipeg, Man.
P E N C I L P O I N T S FOR J A N U A R Y , 1930 47
The
COWING JOINT
Pressure Relieving
Central Junior High School

Kansas City, Mo., Chas. A. Smith, Architect
Insures
Facades
What They Teach
Against in Kansas City
Cracked
or
I N Kansas City they teach the young
idea its Latin and Algebra and its
typewriting and dramatics, under very
favorable conditions. Incidentally, they
Broken are teaching some other highly useful
things—teaching them to the taxpay
Facing ers as well as to the school children.
Blocks For instance, the economy of doing
CARBIDE-CARBON BLDG., CHICAGO
Burnham Brothers, Inc., Architects
Coffey & McKeown, Owners things well. The efficiency of favor'

able working conditions. The protec
. . . A NECESSITY tion of property against depreciation.
IN BUILDINGS OF STONE, What could be more important?
TERRA COTTA OR MARBLE They teach these things by building
T h e C o w i n g Joint h a s d o n e its work so well, in all
admirable modern schools. The Central
b u i l d i n g s w h e r e it h a s b e e n u s e d , that architects
Junior High School, shown above, is a
a n d e n g i n e e r s r e c o g n i z e its v a l u e both in pre- practical, well-constructed building. It
serving the f a c a d e a n d s a v i n g m a i n t e n a n c e cost. is self-protecting—being calked against
The C o w i n g Joint is now g e n e r a l l y specified in all weather with Pecora Calking Com'
big building p r o j e c t s throughout the country. pound, applied by the Higgin Mfg. Co.
The Cowing Joint z o n e s a building into story It is built for long-time economy.
h e i g h t s — i t c o m p r e s s e s a n d c o m p e n s a t e s for a n y
d e s t r u c t i v e stresses thrown on the f a c i n g material * The Central Junior High School, Kansas
by c o m p r e s s i o n of steel, temperature changes, City, Mo. (Chas. A. Smith, Architect) is
vibration or i m p o s e d l o a d s . It s a v e s mortar joints called against wind, rain, dust, and cold leX»it|
with Pecora Calling Compound, applied by
a n d eliminates f r e q u e n t tuck-pointing.
the Higgin Mfg. Co., Kansas City.
The C o w i n g Joint is n e a t — i t will not s q u e e z e out.
It lasts a s long a s the b u i l d i n g . PECORA PAINT COMPANY,
Sedgley Avenue and Venango Street, Philadelphia
See " S w e e t s " Please tell me why a building isn't completed until it is calked.
And give me full information on Pecora Calking Compound.
pages A182-183
Name
C o w i n g P r e s s u r e R e l i e v i n g J o i n t Co. Firm Name

160 N . Wells Street • • Chicago, Illinois Street and No
City and State
•J I I I I I 1 1 i l l I I 1 1 I I I I I I I I I H I I I I I I I I I I I M I I | U l l U H l H i i J l i M | • | l l i i l i l l l l l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 t i l l I I I 1 1 1 1 1 I I I 11 L :
The drawing, taken from a photograph, shows

the boilers installed at the C h u r c h of Saint
Nicholas of Tolentine, T h e Bronx, New Y o r k C i t y .
Delaney, O'Connor and Shultz. A r c h i t e c t s .
Johnson and Morris, Heating C o n t r a c t o r s .
Where Oil Is The Fuel

Burnhams Have An Extra Claim
I F I T be so that, generally speaking, no dollar and cents
economies are resultant from using oil as a fuel, it's
then apparent that any boiler not adaptable to oil, makes
its actual operating cost more. From the very start of
oil burning, the fact that Burnhams were so largely used
in oil burning show rooms, points to the fact of their
economy.
Surely no concern would deliberately use a boiler that
showed up anyway but to the burner's advantage.
The basic reason behind Burnham's fuel oil economies is
unquestionably their long fire travel. So long, in fact,
that if in a straight line, it would be 3 times as long as
the boiler itself now is.
This same feature, of course, makes it one of equnl econ-
omy for all fuels. Such are frank statements ©f facts.
- • J111111111 H i im i i n i i n i i 1 1 n i<M i i M I i i i n i n i n 1 1 i n i i 1 1 f f i i n i i i H I 1 1 i i i i i M I 1 1 H I i f i n 1 1 1 i i i i 1 1 i i i i u
a
j i i u r
I R V I N G T O N , N E W YORK
New York Office: Graybar Building, 420 Lexington Avenue

Representatives in many principal cities of the United States and Canada
I
-ii i M r i u j 11 • 11111111 i n 1111 I I 1111111 M I i m i n i f i l l iw 111 u r n i n 1111 n i M M I H I I II ii i H I i n « • •» M I i M I II M M I I i»i r
SEE OUR COMPLETE

1930 Edition, A1131 to A1200, carries
68 pages of valuable information
UNIVERSAL CASEMENTS SPECIALLY prepared for Sweet's,
the new Crittall Catalog offers
architects a complete steel window
handbook. Leading architects contrib-
uted ideas and helped w i t h its design.
From cover to cover you will find

Crittall's Catalog in Sweet's most inter-
esting. The material has been planned
throughout for convenient reference
and maximum usefulness.
Turn to the 68-page Crittall section beginning w i t h A 1 1 3 1 , in

your copy of Sweet s and see for yourself. Specification writers
will appreciate the time-saving features of the specifications found
on pages A 1 1 4 9 and A 1 1 7 1 . A l l architects will be interested
in our guarantee and definition of UNIVERSAL CASEMENTS
DETAILS FOR ECCLESIASTICAL WORK
1PENINC IN-OPENING
responsibility which is published on
page A 1 1 7 1 .
Separately bound copies of the Crittall

Catalog in Sweet's, required for drafting
room use,may be obtained upon request.
CRITTALL CASEMENT W I N D O W COMPANY

10957 Hern Avenue • • Detroit, Michigan
Stanwin Casements
Norman Casements • • Universal Casements
C R I T T A L L
P E N C I L POINTS FOR JANUARY, 19 3 0 51
C A T A L O G IN SWEETS
R I T T A L L METAL WINDOWS
of S o l i d Steel and Bronze
CRITTALL CASEMENT WINDOW COMPANY

MAIN OFFICE AND FACTORY
D E T R O I T , M I C H I G A N
W A S H I N G T O N , D. C . OFFICE 309 Thirteenth St., N . W .

NEW Y O R K OFFICE 101 Park Avenue
ATLANTA OFFICE 1520 Healey Building
CHICAGO OFFICE 333 N . Michigan Avenue
CLEVELAND OFFICE 1526 Keith Building
LOS A N G E L E S OFFICE 504 U n i o n Insurance Building
DALLAS OFFICE 807 Thomas Building
REPRESENTATIVES IN ALL PRINCIPAL CITIES. WAREHOUSES

AT CENTRAL DISTRIBUTING POINTS
Our local representative will

stamp his name and address here
for your convenient reference
OVERSEAS ORGAXIZATIOKS
ENGLAND INDIA
The Crittall Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 210 High The Crittall Manufacturing Co., Ltd.. 918 Cur-
H o l b o r n , L o n d o n , W . C . 1. F a c t o r i e s at rimbhoy R d . , Bombay. Branches at Calcutta.
B r a i n t r e e , W i t h a m , M a l d o n , and S i l v e r E n d , Rangoon, Madras, and Karachi.
Essex.
GERMANY NEW ZEALAND
Fenestra-Crittall, A. G . , Rather-Strassc 243-61 T h e Crittall Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Auckland.
Postfach 10031. Dusseldorf-Derendorf. Factory
at Dusseldorf.
SOUTH AFRICA
AUSTRALIA T h e Crittall Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 13 Lovcday
T h e Crittall Manufacturing Co. Pty. Ltd., 66fl St.. Johannesburg. Branches at Capetown, Dur-
Bourke St.. Melbourne. Factory at Melbourne. ban, and Port Elizabeth.
CHINA
The Crittall Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 74 Szechuen CANADA
Rd., Shanghai. Branches at Hong-Kong, Tientsin, T h e Canadian Metal W i n d o w s and Steel Products
and Hankow. Company, 160 River Street, Toronto, Ontario.
C A S E M E N T S
GEORGIA MARBLE
ENTRANCE FEATURE, CITY BUILDING OF ASHEVILLE, N O R T H CAROLINA

D O U G L A S D. ELLINGTON, A R C H I T E C T
NEW ARCHITECTURE . . . TIME TRIED MATERIAL

In designing public buildings today, many architects avoid "the orders" . . . Newer designs
monopolize the pages of architectural periodicals . . . Georgia Marble, a safe time tried
material, is well adapted to the new style in architecture and is being used in increasing
quantities in practically every type of structure . . . The entire first story of this building,
a portion of the trim above, and wainscot in entrance vestibule, are Pink Georgia Marble.
THE GEORGIA MARBLE C O M P A N Y • TATE • GEORGIA

1328 Broadway 814 Bona Allen Bldg. 648 Builders' Bldg. 622 Construction Industries Bldg. 1200 Keith Bldg.
NEW YORK ATLANTA CHICAGO DALLAS CLEVELAND
A FEW NOTABLE CHURCHES RECENTLY EQUIPPED BY DE LONG

ST. P A U L ' S M. E. C H U R C H Brooklyn, N . Y . Sundt & Wenner, Archts.
FIRST P R E S B Y T E R I A N C H U R C H Greensboro. N . C . Hobart Upjohn, Archt.
MEMORIAL L U T H E R A N C H U R C H Harrisbure, Pa. J. A. Dempwolf, Archt.
SOUTH CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH New Britain. Conn. W . F. Brooks, Archt.
SECOND C H U R C H O F CHRIST, SCIENTIST Brooklyn. N . Y . Bernard Muller. Archt.
ST. A N D R E W ' S R. C . C H U R C H Drexcl Hill, Pa. George 1. Lovett, Archt.
FIRST BAPTIST C H U R C H Plainficld. N . J . Hobart Upjohn, Archt.
C H U R C H O F T H E G O O D SHEPHERD Philadelphia, Pa. Carl Zieuler, Archt.
C E N T R A L P A R K M. E . C H U R C H Buffalo. N . Y . Chas. Bolton & Son, Archts.
FIRST P R E S B Y T E R I A N C H U R C H New Rochellc.N.Y. John Russell Pope, Archt.
OLIVET REFORMED CHURCH Philadelphia. Pa. Ritcher &. Eiler, Archts.
TRINITY L U T H E R A N C H U R C H Astoria, L . I. George Conable, Archt.
We welcome consultation with architects on

seating, chancel, and other church furniture.
Address Department G.
DELONG FURNITURE COMPANY
1505 Race Street Allentown, Pa.
Philadelphia, Pa. P. o . Box 152, Richmond, V a .
FURNITURE B Y DELONG
FOR C H U R C H E S - F R A T E R N A L A N D P U B L I C BUILDINGS
. . . . ^most Practical Roof

for Long Span Construction"
Cross s e c t i o n of M a h o n S t e e l
Roof Deck s h o w i n g i n t e r l o c k i n g
O T E E L Roof Deck, due to its extreme light principle mill 1 lie a p p l i c a t i o n of safety and permanence of steel, makes Mahon
i n s u l a ! imi an.I roofing m a t e r i a l .
weight, is unquestionably the moat practical T h i s deck c a n be i n s u l a t e d to
Steel Roof Deck a very desirable roof for
roof forany building where long span trusses any degree to m e e t y o u r specific, any building. "When considering Steel Roof
are employed. This type of roof construction requirements. Deck, investigate the superiority of Mahon
is already being used almost exclusively by M A T E R I A L design, the gauge and quality of material from
progressive architects for airplane hangars, Malum Steel Roof D e c k P l a t e s v. Inch Mahon deck plates are rolled, and the
field houses, ridinghaus,arenas,auditoriums, are rolled f r o m special, t i g h t - principle of load distribution through lateral
theatres, churches, industrial plants, and i iKiled Kulvanixed c o p p e r - b e a r - continuity. Write for our complete data
i n g steel, a n d require no p a i n t i n g
other types of buildings demanding long or m a i n t e n a n c e whatsoever. T h e book and our folder, "Facts and Figures".
span construction. Basically, light weight is bright gal vaniieedceilingsurfiivc.
the outstanding advantage of Steel Deck con- presented by M a h o n D e c k i n -
s t a l l e d , is a desirable asset f r o m
THE R. C. MAHON COMPANY
struction . . . . savings amounting to as much a standpoint of l i f j l i l r e l i e d ion. DETROIT, MICHIGAN
as 2o% may be effected in the supporting Branch afftcct in AVtr York, Chicago ami Pillnhurgh—
steel alone. This, supplemented by the fire- Rnprcsentativtui in all principal citien.
S T E E L RCULS
i i — i — i UpP^HG 0—
ManufactumdrtuSH^S^ ther 18 or 20 Gauge
M a h o n Steel Roof Deck i n -

stalled on the T e n n i s A r e n a
a t the B r o o k l i n e C o u n t r y
C l u b , Brookline, Mass.
G a r v i n H a d d i n , C . E . , demignar
"I can get a door

as good as Jamison
for less money"
(PERHAPS YOU HAVE THOUGHT THIS)
Mr. Architect, what's your

measure for "good as
Jamison" 2 Lay two doors
side by side, measure them,
check specifications—but
the most vital difference between those two
doors you can't see now. » » Length of sat-
isfactory service measures the worth of a
door, and the only way to establish that
worth is by experience with Jamison and
Stevenson Doors. You have that experience.
I can supply you with names of leading
concerns in every field using refrigeration,
to prove that our doors have no equal in
length of satisfactory operation, strength of
construction and durability. » » Experi-
mental construction in the hope of saving a
small percentage on the first cost—a few dol-
THE STEVENSON
DOOR T H A T C A N - lars at most—is a gamble with all odds against
NOT STAND OPEN
(patented)
your client. Losses in the first few years from
T h e greatest money-sav- less proved doors could easily be greater than
ing door ever invented
for busy doorways. T h e the initial saving — and those losses increase
double-swing self-closing annually thereafter. » » Doesn't it strike you
doors prevent wasting
cold air or inflow of warm as significant that Jamison and Stevenson
moist air.They are always Doors are constantly replacing doors of other
closed except when filled
with passing goods or makes within a few years after their install-
man. Avoids practically
all the doorway waste in
ation?
» » » »
refrigeration - - pays for
itself in a single August. Now let's get down to a
Write for catalog contain-
ing complete description.
direct price comparison-
Clcumsort
see our advertisement in February issue.
JAMISON COLD S T O R A G E D O O R CO.

Hagerstown, Maryland, U . S. A . . . . . . . . . .
S T E V E N S O N C O L D S T O R A G E D O O R CO.
. . . . . . . . . Chester, Pennsylvania, U . S. A
. . . Branch Offices: 2 W. 45th Street, N E W Y O R K . . , .
1832 Builders Bldg., 228 N . LaSalle Street, C H I C A G O
m Cold Storage 2650 Santa Fe Avenue, L O S A N G E L E S
Doors
333 Market Street, S A N F R A N C I S C O . . . D. E . Fryer &. Co.
S E A T T L E & S P O K A N E . . . Southern Representatives,
address Hagerstown . . . Foreign Agents: Von Hamm-Young,
H O N O L U L U . . . . Armstrong Cork Co., Ltd., L O N D O N
Okura &. Company, J A P A N
t PROBLEM NO
Third Series i
Operating Ventilators i n
Tall Church Windows
I N THIS church building the

sills of the side windows are
thirteen feet above floor level,
and the windows are deeply re'
vealed.
Mechanical equipment is carried

down one of the mullions and
behind the marble wall, to an
operating point 18 inches above
C h u r c h of O u r L a d y of Angels, 73rd St. & 4th A v e . , B r o o k l y n , N . Y .
floor level.
Robert J. Reiley, Architect. David Lupton Sons C o . , Steel Sash
Other windows, in the sanctuary,
are 24 feet above the floor.
Ionj& Rqrnhamla
Vertical Section
SASH OPERATING DIVISION This is one of a series of similar through window
and wall, shows
Graybar Building New York City problems, reprints of which will be position of
apr-trams
sent you on request, together with
Representatives in Principal Cities of the
United States and Canada A. I. A. File Folder to contain them.
0 im'"nwnnnnivrvwyrwiTwni'i'i'nt.nrv*y)'r->m^nnH'y.T.T.V^*^*^ xra*iWi
,
VENEER-STEEL PARTITIONS
U NDER widely varied con-
ditions of service—in prac-
tically every section of the
country—the dependability of
Veneer-Steel Partitions has been
established. Every enemy of
long wear—rough use, time, hot
and cold water, excessive tem-
perature changes—has been en-
countered and defeated. Flush-
type, sound-deadening and
galvanized, Veneer-Steel Parti-
tions are an unfailing source of
trouble-free satisfaction.
Jgf Rustproofed completely-

inside and out.
2nd Flush Type—perfectly
smooth.
3 J
r ( Sound-Deadened—
doors and all.
T h e Holcomb Street School, Hartford, Connecticut.
_ Ball Bearing Gravity
William D . Johnson, Hartford, Connecticut, Architect. Hinge—lasts a lifetime.
Wise &. U p s o n , Hartford, Connecticut, Builders.
Complete details found in Sweet's or send for bulletins
T H E H A R T & H U T C H I N S O N C O M P A N Y
New Britain, Conn. Agents in principal cities
P E N C I L POINTS F O R JANUARY, 1930 57
Low First Cost

Low Operating
Cost ^
University of Virginia Medical School, Charlottesville, Va.
Equipped with Kewaunee Laboratories
Cootidge, Shepley, Bullfinch & Abbott, Boston, Architects
Call in the ( 7 ^ H E cost of the
JiemsAmec Engineer electric instal-

lation is sometimes so
When the first rough drawings for a laboratory are to he made, call
iti the Kewaunee Engineer. Consult with him regarding equipment, out of proportion to
plumbing, gas, air, vacuum, etc. H i s intimate knowledge of up-to-date
laboratory equipment and his experience in its installation, enable him the need, that the
to give reliable information. I n this way you will save much time and
be assured of your client's complete satisfaction. This service is offered architect dispenses
free.
entirely with the ob-
Kewaunee Laboratory Furniture vious advantages of
is used in hundreds of the nation's largest laboratories. Architects for dumbwaiter s e r v i c e .
leading Universities, Colleges, High Schools, private and commercial
laboratories everywhere are specifying Kewaunee Laboratory Furniture T o meet this need
because of its enduring quality, its built-in conveniences, its time-saving
features, its greater utility and its more modern design. for low-cost floor-to-
We invite your inquiries floor messenger and
light load s e r v i c e ,
we offer you the
LABORATORY FURNITURE (J[JEXPERTS Energy Hand-Oper-
C. G. Campbell, Pres. and Gen. Mgr. ated Dumbwaiter—
196
C h i c a g o Office:
Lincoln Street, Kewaunee, Wis. a type with a record
New Y o r k O f l i c c :
14 E . J a c k s o n B l v d . 70 F i f t h A v e n u e for long and success-
Offices in Principal Cities
E x c l u s i v e B u i l d e r s of Q u a l i t y L a b o r a t o r y F u r n i t u r e f u l operation i n : —
• BANKS
Conveying currency to
vaults, or messages to
B o m m e r upper floors.
• HOSPITALS For food tray service

and hospital supplies.
Spring Hinges
0 ••• •••
• RESIDENCES For service deliveries.
are 0
©
& to
• RESTAURANTS For conveying
trays.
food
t h e best
©
© specify • HOTELS For conveying luggage
or for room service.
6 • SCHOOLS Movement of
and papers.
books
• O F F I C E BLDGS. Conveying office rec-

ords and papers.
M i l l i o n s • APARTMENTS For service deliveries.
• MANUFACTURING
PLANTS
Movement of parts
and supplies.
and M i l l i o n s of People a r e P u s h i n g
•
•
LIBRARIES
SHIPS
Conveying books.
For galley to deck
them
service.
It is fully guaranteed for materials and workman-

ship. See our catalog in Sweet's (pages D5050-5055)
whenever they open a door
or write for Bulletins covering hand-operated or elec-
Catalog No. 60 F o l l o w t h e line of I See details tric types. Address Energy Elevator Company, 211
Mailed free least resistance I * "Sweety New Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
S p e c i f y - B O m m e r - A l w a y s ELEVATORS £*
T h e y a r e t h e b e s t DUMB WAITERS
Bommer Spring Hinge C o . , B r o o k l y n , N . Y .
WHEREVER A LIFT IS NEEDED
VISUAL EVIDENCE OFTHE DURABILITY OF S 0 A P S T 0 N E
T HE use of Soapstone for exterior

trim is nor a new development. It
is, rather, a revival of interest in this
For veneer spandrels, soapstone, of
the superior grade quarried in Virginia
(and trade-marked "Alberene Stone" for
natural stone whose heritage in America identification) has distinct advantages,
goes back to the early 1700's. among which arc—unlimited design pos-
Independence Hall, Philadelphia, sibilities, color, texture, thinness, erec-
erected in 1736, on which *soapstone was tion economy and entire freedom from
used for quoins, coping, water table and maintenance expense.
other exterior trim, is a monument not Samples of Alberene Stone and full
only to the age and weather-resisting information will be supplied gladly on
qualities of soapstone, but also a charm- request.
ing example of the value of the stone
for color enrichment. *Thc soapstone used in 1736 is still there, unrcstored.
A L B E R E N E S T O N E C O M P A N Y , 153 W E S T 23RD S T R E E T , N E W Y O R K
Quarrics and Mills at S C H U Y L E R , V I R G I N I A
CHICAGO PHILADBLPH1A PITTSBUROB CLEVELAND NEWARK, N. J .
BCSTi V WASHINGTON, D . C. RICHMOND DALLAS ROCHESTER
E R E N E STONE
T H E S U P E R I O R S O A P S T O N E Q U A R R I E D IN T H E STATE OF VIRGINIA
Few of the older styles of de-

sign h a v e o f f e r e d to t h e
modeler's art the same oppor-
tunity for distinguished crea-
tive effort that is offered by
L'Art Moderne. Unhampered
A
by tradition, some of the most
b r i l l i a n t architects both in MODERN
America and abroad are find-
ing in this new style a medium STORE...
by which to translate the surge
and power of ourMachine Age
into buildings which may well
STEWART
be considered masterpieces
in the future.
The new Stewart store is a

distinguished example of the
new vogue at its best, and
Jacobson & Company feel
honored in having been cho-
sen to co-operate in producing
some of its most charming
interior effects. The modeling
i l l u s t r a t e d h e r e w i t h was
executed by them from the
designs of Professor
Jacques Carlu.
T h e m o d e l i n g studios o f J a c o b s o n
a n d C o m p a n y u n d e r the supervision
of Mr. A . D. J a c o b s o n , a r e uniquely
q u a l i f i e d to c o o p e r a t e with a r c h i -
tects in the e x e c u t i o n o f modern
designs S T E W A R T (Fifth Floor) CARLU and BOYLE, Architects
JACOBSON & COMPANY

A U T H E N T I C P L A S T E R O R N A M E N T
2 3 9 - 4 1 East 4 4 t h Street
New York
W a l t e r D . Blair, E d m u n d S. Glimpse of the New Dormitories

mm Campbell, R. E . Lee Tavlor, at University of Virginia.
John Keren Peebles, Architects.
Brick—Linking the Historic Past

IDith the Uibrant Present
Being Brick Tale Telling Ilumber XXUlll (A)
--
mt
I T was one of those time - pausing June
afternoons. T w o young lads—one rather
over tall — have climbed Little Mountain.
And now only last week Thursday, I looked
from that same sun room and saw through
the leafless trees the University of Virginia
—
From its top they catch a glimpse of the buildings. T h a t monument to architecture
scattered homes six miles away of Charlottes- upon which, as you know, Jefferson said he
ville. " H e r e , " said the tall one, " I shall was content to rest his fame.
°2
mm
some day build my home.''
Later in the afternoon in browsing about the
Over half a century passes and on that site is Llniversitygrounds, we found agroupof new-
Monticello. In his famous chair we see a old brickbuildings. N e w , in their havingbeen
25 silver haired old gentleman sitting in the sun completed but recently. O l d , in the time-
room. H e is looking long and intently toned effects of the brick used. Brick which
through a navy spy glass. in size are an exact reproduction of those
W e ask old Joel, the cotton head darky, rak- in Monticello. In color—well how can one
ing up the first falling leaves, what Marse describe colors that in their mellowness seem
Jefferson is looking at? In an offended way to have been made long yester years ago ?
Joel replies : " D o a n you know, boss? W h y Trust you will pardon my mentioning that
mm Marse Jef is seeing what's going on down mm.
our folks had a hand in making these bricks,
at de Unibersity, what he done tell 'em on which so fittingly link the historic past w ith
paper how ter build h e r . " the vibrant present.
list
LP VIRGINIA 1 1
- hRICK
Old Virginia Brick Company,
Salem. Virginia
. _
Library of til.- \ . w IMiv-i.- Muihli

of Columbia I iiivereily
i i i i i i i i n i . i l i . . 1 1 hv Gaunuura
H o w Good is Her Eyesight?

F OR study and for play, for the simple
tasks of today and the serious work of
the world tomorrow, the student needs the
University, Princeton University, the public
schools of Boston, and hundreds of other
leading educational institutions.
God-given gift of good eyesight. And for Celestialite is a three-layer lighting glass-
the conservation of good eyesight nothing is ware in which each layer provides a special
more important than good lighting. function. A layer of crystal clear glass gives
Students should have the benefit of light- body and strength; a layer of white glass
ing equipment that will minimize diffuses the rays and softens the
glare, that will be restful to the light; a layer of blue glass whitens
eyes, and that will most nearly and perfects the light.
reproduce the effects of daylight. The combination of these three
For no single factor contributes functions is exclusive with Celes-
more to student failures than in- tialite, and cannot be found in
adequate or improper lighting. any other lighting glassware.
Consequently leading educa- "Celestialite in Education" is
tors all over the country, after an important chapter of a new
testing numerous lighting sys- booklet, "Out of the Darkness",
tems, have hailed Celestialite as CELESTIALITE'S
which we shall be glad to send
three layers:
the conserver of student eye- 111 A Inyer nferyslal (ilea Iran*. you free on receipt of the cou-
sight. They have recommended pareney- for body and strength. pon below. A l o n g w i t h i t
Celestialite and they have in- [2] AJ»yrof<»hltiigliM todtf.
we shall send you a fragment of
fusetlierayMind soften thelight.
stalled Celestialite in Columbia 131 A layer of blue gin.*—to Celestialite glass.
whiten anil jierleet the light.
The remit i - a soft while light
that safeguards the eyesight.
(.U-ii-oii-I'iebout Class &>. ( <.We.«fi<//i'/e Dh ifiun)
°* 200 Fifth Avenue, New York City p.p.t
CELESTIALITE
Kindly .end me free copy of your booklet "Out
of the Durkiie»>", and fragment of C E L E S -
T I A L I T E showing its t hree-layer eunstruulioii.
(Registered and Patented) Nome
NEXT TO DAYLIGHT
I'i mi I inn
Ailiimm
City
BEAUTY AND QUIET

TO HARMONIZE WITH ANY INTERIOR
U S G Acoustical Tile is a most efficient sound absorbent. Its rich beauty

harmonizes with any interior scheme or architectural style. This lightweight,
beautifully textured tile is quickly applied over wall or ceiling surfaces
in old or new buildings. It is available in several shades and sizes.
U S G Acoustical Tile does not require redecoration. Its original appear-
anee is easily restored by vacuum cleaning at a fraction of the usual cost
of redecoration.
Maximum noise absorption is assured. The United States Gypsum
Company will contract for the installation of USG Acoustical Tile only
where the desired results can be secured.
Complete information on this beautiful and unusually efficient acoustical
product is available in convenient form for your files. Phone your local sales
office or write United States Gypsum Company, Dept. 28 N, 300 West
Adams Street, Chicago, Illinois.
ACOUSTICAL TH
duct of UNITED STATES GYPSUM COMPANY
MODERN
INTERIORS
A modern Being room especially designed and con-
structed by Delineator Magazine in the Buttcrick
Building, New York City.
DOUBLE-WAXED LINOLEUM
I N the living room above, designed
and constructed by Delineator
Magazine, gray marbleized W. & J.
range of colorful patterns and be-
cause of its inherent quality.
W. & J. Sloane Linoleum is made
Sloane Inlaid Linoleum leads up to with a natural fine-textured finish,
soft gray walls of asbestos board. the result of extra-processing in the
Gold rayon antique satin is used for grinding and mixing of raw materi-
the curtains and the two chairs. als and extra pressure in the calen-
Comfortable, built-in seats are up- dars. It is then double-waxer' at the
holstered in yellow fabrikoid. Al- •plant by an exclusive Sloane process.
most everything in this very livable When you specify W. & J. Sloane
This Service Free to room is in modern terms. Linoleum you assure your client of
A rchitects Architects are making a wider and thefinestmoney can buy. It comes
wider use of linoleum for modern in- to the job double-waxed. It is easy
I f you wish practical suggestions in planning teriors because linoleum fits so nat- to handle and lay and ready for use
linoleum floors, do not hesitate to call upon
our Architects Service Department. There is
urally into the modern ensemble. the instant it is laid. Examine this
no charge nor obligation involved. Y o u may More and more frequently the specifi- superfine finish before you write the
also have for the asking a copy of the Linoleum cations call for \V. & J. Sloane Lin- specifications. We will gladly send
Data Book illustrated above. I t will help you
in preparing specifications. Address: Archi-
oleum, both because of the wide you a quality sample.
tects Service Department, W . & J . Sloane,
577 Fifth Avenue, New York City.
W. & J . S L O A N E
DOUBLE-WAXED LINOLEUM
DAVENPORT MEMORIAL
CITY HALL, BATH, MAINE
Chas. G . Loring, Boston, Architect
Isaac Coffin Company, Boston
CITY HALL, LONG BEACH, CAL.
Heating Contractor
W . Horace Austin, Architect
Frank Davidson, / l.-ntim: Contractor
from MAINE to CALIFORNIA

W H E N you are considering the heating, remember that
I L L I N O I S Heating Systems have a record of thousands of
and in
successful installations in every type of building from
coast to coast—that they enjoy a record for durability
FOREIGN
that is beyond question.
The proven advantages of I L L I N O I S Heating Systems
COUNTRIES
that spell client satisfaction are
—a moderate, healthful heat during mild weather, avoiding
overheating common to ordinary steam jobs.
—all the heat you want in severe weather.
—easy control of room temperatures.
—noiseless operation.
—a remarkable fuel economy.
—durability of apparatus.
There is an I L L I N O I S representative near you who stands INTERNATIONAL BANKING

CORPORATION, HANKOW, CHINA
ready to offer intelligent co-operation whenever you re-

quest it. Call him i n on your next job. He has some facts
and figures that will solve your heating problem.
Write for Bulletin 22
R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S IN 4 0 C I T I E S O F U.S.A.
ILLINOIS ENGINEERING COMPANY

ROBT.L.GIFFORD President I N C O R P O R A T E D 1900
CHICAGO
P E N C I L P O I N T S FOR J A N U A R Y , 1930 65
A i v i e r i c a i v S t e e l 6c W i r e CoivtRAJsrv
WIRE
FULFILLING
THE N E E D S OF
YESTERDAY,
TODAY A N D
TOMORROW
W I R E
F A B R I C
T H E S T E E L
BACKBONE
FOR CONCRETE
Epoch making achievements in the Building Art meet

the requirements of this age.
Sincerity of purpose is expressed in new simplicity that
attains greater permanence and safety. Today's build-
&&&& ings, towering to new heights above the street must
have protection against fire, load and vibration. The
short span concretefloorarch, Wire Fabric Reinforced,
ELECTRIC WELD
is positive protection against these three elements.
W i r e Mesh Reinforce-
ment American Steel & Wire Company Wire Fabric gives, as it has
Furnished i n R o l l s
or Sheets for over a quarter century, an even and effective distribution
of the steel. On request we will gladly send you information
on Wire Fabric for Concrete Reinforcement.
AMERICAN STEEL & WIRE COMPANY

3 B — E % m S T A T E S STEEL?CMMftATIOH<
208 S. L a Salle Street, C h i c a g o 30 C h u r c h Street, N e w Y o r k

Other Sales Offices: Adanta Baltimore Birmingham Boston Buffalo Cincinnati Cleveland Dallas Denver Detroit K a n s a s City
Memphis Milwaukee Minneapolis-St. Paul Oklahoma City Philadelphia Pittsburgh Salt Lake City St. Louis Wilkes-Barre Worce«er
V- X Steel Products Co.: San Francisco, L o s Angeles, Portland. Searde, Honolulu. Export Distributors: United States Steel Products C o . . 30 Church St.. N e w Y o r k
BALCONY SPOTLIGHTS
with Remote Control Color Frames
C O N T R O L BOARD S P O T L I G H T S IN
BACKSTAGE BALCONY RAIL
Q U I P P E D w i t h a n electro
magnetic device w h i c h permits their complete a n d
here Xmagmation entire operation, i n c l u d i n g the c o n t r o l of f o u r o r
more color frames, to be a c c o m p l i s h e d f r o m a remote
point. It is n o w possible to install a single group of
spotlights that w i l l give a l l the color variations ob-
15 T e m p e r e d with T a s t e tained w i t h several groups heretofore; or install the
same n u m b e r of spotlights, obtaining f o u r or five
times as m u c h light for e a c h c o l o r .
H E R E is creative skill . . . a commingling
Write for Bulletin No. 3
of Spain's simplicity and the hearty rugged-
ness of England. The discrimination which
accomplished this room naturally dictated UNIVERSAL ELECTRIC STAGE LIGHTING CO.. INC.
oak floors. 321 WEST 50th STREET
I t is fortunate that a flooring so beauti- N E W Y O R K . N.Y.
ful as oak is adaptable to all architecture.

Quietly, unobtrusively—in the manner of
all fine things—oak floors become a unit
of any architectural type. A n d apart f r o m
their esthetic value there is the matter of FOR COMPLETE
cost and endurance. Oak is slightly higher
priced than softer woods, but frequently i t
KNOWLEDGE O N
costs less than manufactured flooring sub- STRUCTURAL SLATE
stitutes. A n d while these may wear and Here is complete data on Structural Slate
and Struco Slate . . . . a series of eleven
lose their beauty, oak mellows as the years chapters contained in three volumes.
Complete Drawings to scale; Specifications;
pass by. A n d the vogue of oak is constant. Standard Sizes; Types; General Information
and Color Plates. Write for them. Keep
We w i l l gladly send you information on them in the files for future reference.
interesting and important Oak Flooring

installations made in various types of THE S T R U C T U R A L S L A T E CO.
houses. Y o u are invited to consult our 130 R O B I N S O N A V E . , P E N A R G Y L , P A .
experts on any flooring problem. Oak

Flooring Manufacturers Association of
the United States, 1287 Builders' Building,
Chicago.
OAK FLOORING Tins MASTER TRADE-MARK J

advertising is being is stamped on the under X QQ
continued on an side of all Oak Flooring 1
increased scale produced by members of ^ ^ j ^
during 1029-30. the Oak Flooring Manufac-
Look for our advertisements in House turers Association of the United States.
and Garden, House. Beautiful. Good It is complete protection for you. Every
Housekeeping, Better Homes and Gar- piece is air-seasoned ami kiln-dried, then
dens, Ladies' Home Journal, Small Home thoroughly inspected and accurately
and The Literary Digest. graded, insuring uniformly high quality.
PENCIL POINTS F O R JANUARY, 1930 67
Sectioiifold and Rolling Partitions . • .

( R E G . U. S. PAT. O F F . )
To Keep Within
The Appropriation
V E R Y often it is desirable to use Wilson Section-
fold Partitions for sub-dividing auditoriums in
churches, schools, etc., but ample funds arc not available.
In this event wc suggest a combination of Scctionfold
Lake Street Pres- Partitions with Wilson Rolling Partitions as illustrated.
byterian Church, This effects a considerable saving in price with no lcs-
Eimira, N . Y. scning in the utility or convenience of the room.
Harry M.Haskell.
Archt. Glass may be introduced in the Sectionfold Doors to
provide light, if necessary, and shuttle doors between
classrooms, or between corridors and classrooms may be
used for convenience.
When all the Partitions are folded or rolled up the
entire room is free to be used as an auditorium when
necessary.
Wc are at your service for furnishing data for just
Note how combination of Wilson such layouts as this.
Sectiont'old and Vertical Rulling Par-
titions salvd.vide the large hall into Sendf.T our Catalog I f y . 4
many smaller rlaiwrooms. Partitions
folded or rolled luck out of the way
at will.
THE
J . G . W I L S O N CORPORATION
11 East 38th St. New York City
OVER FIFTY YEARS I N BUSINESS
Ojficct in all Principal Citiei
POLYCHROME FAIENCE
N E W M A S O N I C TEMPLE
T R E N T O N , NEW JERSEY
WALTER HANKIN, ARCHITECT
T I L E PANEL BY
MUELLER MOSAIC CO.

T R E N T O N , NEW JERSEY
NEW YORK DISPLAY ROOM

103 P A R K AVENUE
SEND FOR BOOKLET
PANEL 6 feet by 20 feet

The Invisible Superintendent

at the Mortar Box Protects
B R I X M E N T mortar, like any other mortar
containing water, is not freeze-proof.
Nevertheless it is used regularly for mid-winter
Winter
masonry even in the severest northern climates.
In fact during the winter months more B R I X -
Masonry
MENT is sold in proportion to the volume of
building construction than at any other time.
B R I X M E N T mortar sets up faster than
Portland-cement-and-lime mortar in which a
large quantity of lime is used and this set can be
made to take place at any temperature before
freezing occurs by heating the sand and water.
Once B R I X M E N T mortar has set, it remains
sound and unimpaired no matter how long and
severe the freezing period may be.
The oily content of B R I X M E N T which reduces
the freezing point of the mortar gives further
protection in freezing weather. Send for archi-
tect* s handbook. Louisville Cement Company,
Incorporated, Louisville, Ky.
District Sales Offices: 1610 Builders Bldg.. Chicago; 301 Rose Bldg., Cleveland;
602 Murphy Bldg., Derroiti 101 Park A v e . , New York
BRIXMENT
for Mortar and Stucco
P E N C I L P O I N T S F O R J A N U A R Y , 1 ) 5 0 69
THE GUARANTEED
WAY TO HARDEN
CEMENT FLOORS
We Guarantee Every Sonneborn Job
If our inspection shows a floor is not so greatly deteriorated that a
good hardening job is still possible—If Lapidolith, the original con-
crete floor hardener, is used—If a Sonneborn Service Crew applies
Lapidolith—We guarantee such floors to remain wearproof and dust-
proof for a period of years, dependent on specific conditions of use.
Iening
N your client's behalf J O I I arc intcr-
Catod i n get t i n g a n m c r c l c floor h a r d -
job that i l l give l o n g a n d s a t i s -
T h e S o n n e b o r n M e t h o d c a l l s f o r t h e use
o f L a p i d o l i t h . t h e o r i g i n a l c o n c r e t e floor
hardener, a n d f o r the correct applica-
Some Other SONNEBORN
PRODUCTS
factory service. A Sonneborn j o b will tion o f L a p i d o l i t h by a S o n n e b o r n S e r - II yd roc icle No. GS3
give y o u s u c h s e r v i c e . vice C r e w t r a i n e d to a p p l y L a p i d o l i t h i n —Plaster Bond — F o r damp-proofing
the r i g h t way a n d i n t h e p r o p e r a m o u n t . i n t e r i o r of ex t c r i o r a l l s above g r o u n d .
But u n l e s s y o n i n s i s t on S o m i c b o r n d o -
Upnopliol
i n g I he h a r d e n i n g the c h a n c e s a r e t h a t We a r e p r e p a r e d to q u o t e a p r i c e i n a d - For preserving and wearproofing
low p r i c e w i l l w i n I In- o r d e r , a n d a t t h e vance direct to t h e a r c h i t e c t so there c a n wood doors.
prices that concrete floor hardening be n o m i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g betw een a r c h i - llydroclde Colorless
m a t e r i a l c a n now be bought, there c a n tect a n d c o n t r a c t o r a b o u t t h e c o s t o f — F o r waterproofing exterior of ex-
o n l y be o n e r e s u l t — q u i c k a n d l a s t i n g I he w o r k . W e c a n c o m p e t e o n p r i c e b u t posed walls.
dissatisfaction. do so reluct a n tly, b e c a u s e we c a n n o t Pernio
— F o r a c c e l e r a t i n g Che s e t t i n g o f c o n -
eivc a t a low p r i c e a s fine a j o b a s t h a t
Architects w h o are interested i n ereie a n d d e n s i f y i n g t h e m a s s .
w hieh is possible t o s u p p l y at a f a i r price.
.jobs t h a t w i l l s t a n d u p , w i l l r e a l i z e Hyclrocicle.\o.048
the u l t i m a t e e c o n o m y a n d s e r v i c e T o g e l a j o b t h a i w i l l re fleet c r e d i t Mast ic a n d s e m i - n i a s t u — F o r w a t e r -
proofing foundation walls a n d foot-
o f i n t r u s t i n g h a r d e n i n g : w o r k to o n the a r c h i t e c t a m i c o n t r a c t o r by
ings.
Soiinchorn, w h o guarantee every lasting for years, specify L a p i d o -
jolt, a n d s t a n d b e h i n d t h e i r g u a r - l i t h to be a p p l i e d b y S o n n e b o r n
Ilydrocitic I n t e g r a l
— F o r waterproofing mass concrete,
antee, a n d a l w a y s m a k e good. under guarantee. stueco a n d m o r t a r s .
L. SONNEBORN SONS, INC., Dept. 1, 114 Fifth Avenue, New York
S O N R E B O R X AF1PJLHSS L . S O N N E B O R N S O N S , INC. P.p.-i

l**pt. 1, II I F i f t h Avenue, New Y o r k
I A P 1 P O I I T H
I'leane semi me. wirtmul o w l or o b i i « a 1 ion, il.iiionMi.ru-
t ion sample* 11 ml literature o n :
I.iunophol : Lapidolith. . . . t Hydrocide Colnrlcsa. . . . :
Fermo (HydrooideNo.6SS. . : Hydrocide No.frlli :
t^Kmmmm TRADE MARK M M Hydrocide I n t e g r a l . . . . } ( C h e c k prodncta il>;ii intercut
you
Name
SOIYIYERORN I N S P E C T S T H E JOB AddrexH . .
Company
Position .
SO.\ \ EROR \ GUARANTEES THE WORK
Goodyear-Zeppelin
Corporation
Airship Factory
and Dock,
Akron, Ohio.
WILBUR WATSON
and ASSOCIATES
Architects and
Engineers
MacArthur Compressed Concrete Piles

used for this outstanding structure
... because of demonstrated merit
T
HE importance of the Goodyear-Zeppelin Corporation
Airship Factory and Dock at Akron, from the standpoint
(A) Completed pile, formed by
compressing a workable, dry 'iiix of its purpose, and also because of its unique structural
concrete under 7 tons pressure.
This forces dense concrete into design, made it imperative that every bit of equipment used be
intimate contact with surround-
ing soil, giving maximum skin selected on the basis of demonstrated merit.
friction. Shading shows relative
compression of soil due to driving
and compressing. Important companies in the United States and Canada know
that the MacArthur Method not only produces perfect piles on
2 ft. 6 in. centers, but that the compression of the "dry" con-
crete (just sufficient water to hydrate) gives each pile extra
load-bearing value.
The drawings to the left show relative degrees of compression

(B) Pile ht proc-
ess of being
and demonstrate that the flow of the soil is away from the com-
driven.
shell and core
Steel pleted pile.
displacing and
compacting sur-
rounding soil. MacArthur Corporation will welcome the opportunity of pre-
senting pertinent facts regarding their Method and their nation-
wide accomplishments to any architect or engineer who is
considering a project in which piles may be required.
General Offices: 19 West 44th Street, New York
Branches: Chicago. New Orleans, Boston, Pittsburgh, Detroit,

Soil displaced by pile being San Francisco, Cleveland
driven follows line of least resis-
tance which is A W A Y from the
densely compacted soil surround Canadian MacArthur Concrete Pile Co., Ltd., Montreal
mg the finished pile.
C O R P O R A T I O N
DE PAOLI V. FOSCATO, L. D E L TURCO

COMPANY, Inc. Inc. & BROS., Inc.
New York, N. Y . Long Island City, N. Y . Harrison, N. J .
. announce to the architectural profession that they

have combined their resources, equipment and
experience by means of a consolidation under the
laws of the State of New York, under the name of
De Paoli Del Turco

Foscato Corporation
With Main Office at
527 West 45th St, New York
This consolidation unites three of the old-

est and foremost firms specializing in the
installation of
TERRAZZO TILE MOSAIC

Monolithic of every of marble and
and precast description Venetian smalti
LOUIS D E L TURCO L . VINCENT FOSCATO BRUNO O. A. D E PAOLI

President Vice-President Sec'y-Treasurer
W i t h r e n e w e d a s s u r a n c e s of f a i t h f u l service a n d h i g h s t a n d a r d s o f w o r k -
m a n s h i p , t h e C o r p o r a t i o n w i l l m a i n t a i n t h e s a m e p o l i c i e s a n d s p i r i t of
h e a r t y c o o p e r a t i o n w i t h a r c h i t e c t s t h a t c o n t r i b u t e d to t h e g r o w t h a n d
s u c c e s s of t h e i n d i v i d u a l h o u s e s i n t h e p a s t . T h e p l a n t s now i n e x i s t e n c e
i n New Y o r k , N . Y . , H a r r i s o n , N . J . , a n d L o n g I s l a n d C i t y , N . Y . , w i l l be
m a i n t a i n e d a s before.
S T E W A R T BUILDING
T h e Plaster Models s h o w n at the r i g h t — f r o m designs —tf :

by W a r r e n & Wetmore, A r c h i t e c t s , modelled by
T r y g v e H a m m e r , S c u l p t o r — a s they w e r e received by
the B r o n z e Foundries for c a s t i n g in pierced B r o n z e
and D u r a l u m i n . T h e s e models w e r e w o r k e d into c o m -
pleted patterns from w h i c h c a s t i n g molds w e r e made
of fine F r e n c h S a n d : in these the M o l t e n M e t a l w a s
poured and cast.
Below is s h o w n a photograph of the f i n i s h e d w o r k ,
an e x a m i n a t i o n of w h i c h — o r of the w o r k itself—
will s h o w the p a i n s t a k i n g fidelity by w h i c h this f e a -
ture, as w e l l as the balance of this installation, w a s
reproduced, retaining the spirit of the A r c h i t e c t s '
design and Sculptor's model.
^ r v \ " 1 3?
V*. fS-'i
is an a d v a n c e plate f r o m a f o r t h c o m i n g brochure to be issued by
THE GENERAL BRONZE CORPORATION

D I S T I N C T I V E P R O D U C T I O N S IN A L L M E T A L S
LONG ISLAND C I T Y , N. Y.
PENCIL POINTS
An Illustrated Monthly J O U R N A L for the
DRAFTING ROOM Edited by RUSSELL F. W H I T E H E A D
K E N N E T H REID & E. L . CLEAVER Published by T H E PENCIL POINTS PRESS, I N C .
Ralph Reinhold, President, L. F. Nellis, Vice-President, William V . Montgomery, Secretary
THE ARCHITECT, THE DRAFTSMAN, A N D 1930/
I T IS M O R E T H A N ordinarily difficult this year slack an excellent opportunity is offered to every archi-
to forecast conditions which will prevail with respect tect and to every draftsman to do what he can in the
to activity in architects' offices during the coming direction of educating business men, and others plan-
twelve months. At the moment conditions in many ning to build as soon as conditions are right, concern-
parts of the country are far from satisfactory. Many ing the nature and value of expert architectural serv-
architects have less on the boards than was the case ices. This is a matter to which we have frequently
a year ago and more draftsmen are unemployed. referred in the past and which is being very thoroughly
agitated today by groups of architects in all parts of
The difficulty of securing funds for building opera-
the country. We intend to address a letter to the
tions has been one of the major problems with which
profession generally during the month of January,
the entire industry has had to contend. That, more
making definite suggestions concerning a program to
than any other single cause, has brought about the
be put into effect at once. Space does not permit the
decline in total building volume which has occurred
publication of this plan in this issue of P E N C I L POINTS.
during the latter part of 1929. It is generally agreed
If we will all use the present opportunity to lay a
that money will be easier next year and this should
proper foundation for the in-
prove to be a constructive factor
creased volume of building
in many cases. The situation
clearly indicated for the not far
is, of course, complicated by
the recent financial disturbance Contents distant future we should all
find ourselves vastly better off
which in some cases will cause
Design in Modern Architecture—I when the period of greater
hesitation even though the
By John F. Harbeson building activity arrives.
money for the enterprise is
available on reasonable terms. Adventures of an Architect—III We are strongly of the opin-
Summing up the whole situa- By Rossel E. Mitchell 11 ion that there has never been a
tion it is our belief that 1930 Stair Design and Hazard time when concerted and intel-
will be at least as good a build- By Geo. E. Etchenlaub 13 ligent effort on the part of
ing year as 1929 and probably Architectural Ablutions every man who makes his living
a little better. But in one im- By William Williams 21 from the practice of architec-
portant respect 1930 will differ ture, in whatever capacity, can
The Geometry of Architectural
materially from 1929. Condi- be made more productive than
Drafting—VI
tions were pretty good a year right now.
By Ernest Irving Freese 23
ago and the trend during the So let us all face 1930 with
year has been downward. We The Ricker Manuscript
courage and with a firm deter-
enter 1930 at a comparatively Translations—X
mination to strike a real blow
low point with a strong proba- By Thomas E. O'Donnell 31
for the profession which will
bility that the trend of the pre- Plates 37-44 have direct bearing on its pros-
vious year will be exactly Color Plates Insert perity for many years to come.
reversed. Here & There & This & That 61 A happy and prosperous
It seems to us that right now The Specification Desk 66 New Year to every P E N C I L
while things are comparatively POINTER!
P E N C I L P O I N T S — Y e a r l y subscription, payable in advance, $ 8 . 0 0 to the U. S. A., Insular Possessions, Cuba and Mexico. Foreign subscriptions
in the Postal Union, $ 1 . 0 0 additional for postage; Canadian subscriptions, 0 0 cents additional. Remittances by International or American Ex-
press Money Order or by Draft on a bank in the 17. S. Payable in United States Funds. Subscribers are requested to state profession or occu-
pation. TO SUBSCRIBERS: Instructions for clusnae of address should reach us before the twentieth of the month to assure delivery of the
forthcoming issue. Please give both old and new addresses. TO CONTRIBUTORS: IVe are always glad to receive manuscripts, drawings,
etc. We will use due care with material in our hands, but cannot be responsible for damages. Copyright, 1 0 2 0 , by The Pencil Points Press,
Inc. Trade Mark Registered. All rights reserved. EDITORIAL AMD BUSINESS OFFICES, 4 1 9 FOURTH AVENUE, NEW YORK.
[1]
DRAWN BY HUGH FERRISS W I T H W O L F F CRAYON, PAPER STUMP, AND KNEADED ERASER
AN IMAGINARY TOWER IN TRANSLUCENT GLASS SUGGESTED BY CRYSTAL FORMS
(From "The Metropolis of Tomorrow," a recently published book of the designs and renderings of Mr. Ferriss.)
[2]
DESIGN IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE
I - W H A T IS M O D E R N ?
By John F. Harbeson
AUTHOR'S APOLOGY: / / is difficult to judge the work of one's own time: it is too close to allow of fersfective. But
many things that are difficult are also fascinating; it is thus that I find myself with those others who stef in where
angels fear to tread.
"I
—no doubt works of the two kinds seemed then to
I T IS E A S Y to change the dress of an architec-
be very different: to us they are strangely alike and
ture; to alter its spirit is quite another matter."—
all of them are very easily placed in the proper period
PAUL CRET,
"The Significance of the Fine Arts,"
by anyone with a small knowledge of architectural
Chapter on Modern Architecture. history.
Modern architecture is, quite simply, the architec- The architecture of every time—and ours is no
ture of today, the architecture which attempts to solve exception—has been the outgrowth of what went
the problems resulting from modern social conditions, before, a part of an evolution, usually continuous,
by modern methods of construction, and using the sometimes with more or less definite breaks because of
materials and resources we can now command. Some changes in civilization, such as the fall of the Roman
of it we believe to be good; some of it is undoubtedly Empire before the barbarians from the north. The
meretricious, badly designed or poorly constructed: evolution has been faster at some times than at others:
much of it is mediocre in its artistic qualities; but that undoubtedly the pace has become accelerated, with the
is the history of art in every previous age. T o us, in more and more rapid spread of civilization, with the
the midst of it, it seems to be of very different kinds, improvement in the means of transportation, until
some more familiar than others—some novel and inter- today, when the world can be circled in a few days,
esting or disquieting, depending upon the examples and when the photograph and the book make possible the
also on our individual tastes. dissemination of ideas with great rapidity, local schools
But to one looking back at it two hundred years of art are losing their differences and tending toward
hence there will appear little difference between a uniformity throughout the world.
the works now ascribed to the "modernists" and Architecture in this country had perhaps seemed
those done by architects who have been called static, settled, in the first decade of this Century: the
"traditionalists." architects and the public were satisfied with structures
This is inevitable, as the buildings of today arc —many of them answering admirably the require-
solving the prob- ments of the pro-
lems of today, g r a m s — with a
under present eco- clothing of classic
nomic conditions, forms, often used
including transpor- with great inge-
tation, and with nuity and orig-
the materials, in- inality. D u r i n g
ventions and labor the same time
at hand: the differ- painting has gone
ences are more through many de-
superficial than we velopments: c a n -
realize. vases are relatively
In France, cheap and may be
when Charles paid for by the ex-
V I I I and Francis perimenter; build-
I brought back ings are expensive,
from Italy ideas and not custom-
and workmen who arily paid for by
had been thinking the designer but
in terms of the by someone else,
usually with con-
new study of the
servative leanings.
antique, s o m e READING ROOM, BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE, PARIS— But such a static
building was done HENRI LABROUSTE, ARCHITECT
condition could
under this influ- One of the early attempts in the use of metal to span large spaces—a problem of
not last, and a
ence, while much modern architecture—there being four light iron columns in the room. The ceiling
is entirely of metal and glass, with panels of white faience set between the metal
change to differ-
building continued
ribs. This served as example for the scheme of roofing of the concourse of the e n t m o d e s of
without such help Pennsylvania Railroad Station in New York.
[3]
[4]
DESIGN IN M O D E R N A R C H I T E C T U R E
A PROFESSIONAL ART SCHOOL—TONY CARNIER, ARCHITECT

A part of his big work, "Une Cite Induslrielle," in which he designed an entire community for modern life; this is studied primarily
from the point of view of plan, and section, with little arrangement in elevation, and almost no ornament. Tony Gamier won the
Grand Prix de Rome and is the son of Charles Gamier, architect of the Opera at Paris.
thinking, a return to the progress of evolution in archi- At the same time he was building, 1840-50, at the
tecture was inevitable; this return seems to us who are library of Sainte-Genevieve, and a little later in the
in it to be more violent than it really is. The great reading room of the Bibliotheque Nationale, in Paris,
war had much to do with this starting again of evo- roofs in which a new material of construction, iron,
lution, for it showed up men's minds generally. was frankly accentuated and in a way both charac-
But the signs of the approach of such a return to teristic of the material and entirely satisfying to the
an evolution have been evident for some time: signs eye. While working in classic forms he was never-
indicating that the static order, where architectural theless much interested in the spirit of Gothic—in its
forms were being codified, reduced to rules, was to logic and reason. At the same time Baltard made
be set going again along the path of time. In 1825, similar use of iron in roofing the "Halles Centrales"
Due, returning from his fellowship at the French and other markets of Paris. Metal, a new technical
Academy in Rome, formed with his comrades Gilbert,
element, was thus introduced in building under scien-
Duban, Henri Labrouste and some others, a group of
tific and industrial impulsion, and naturally trans-
young innovators, bent on seeking in the monuments
formed somewhat the disposition and expression of
of antiquity, and particularly the newly found Greek
some elements of building.
ones, the reasons of art, of convenience and construc-
tion. They were under the influence of the romantic A little later Viollet-le-Duc set forth in his
movement liberated by the French revolution. The Entretiens what he was prevented from teaching in
revolution marked the end of the regime and society the Ecole des Beaux Arts (where the academic author-
began to find new social, economic, and administrative ities nullified his appointment), an approach to modern
bases. problems through the principles of logic, of the
Labrouste held a class in design "with the art of expression of truth, both in the use of materials and
analytical composition," at the Ecole des Beaux Aits. in the approach to a -parti—a study in rationalism in
That he felt he was an innovator may be gathered architecture. He made his study in Gothic forms
from his statement at the dinner held when his prac- because he found there a real logic of form, but he
tice compelled his giving up this class, that this was had no thought of using Gothic details or Gothic
"the first protest against an official method of instruc-
forms—solely the Gothic spirit of a logical approach
tion which had become exclusive, blind, deadly."*
to the solution of a problem.
* Discours d'Henri Labrouste au diner d'adieu a ses Sieves, 18 Juiu
1856. Further tentative experiments in the use of metal
P E N C I L POINTS FOR JANUARY, 1930
MOVABLE PAVILION T O ADVERTISE T H E VARIOUS BRANDS OF A CHOCOLATE COMPANY-

DESIGNED BY L E CORBUSIER AND P. JEANNERET
This is frankly advertising, but the effects are arranged in three dimensions instead of two.
[6]
D E S I G N I N M O D E R N A R C H I T E C T U R E
experimenting in new materials which leads inevitably

to new ideas of forms is in the hands "of engineers,
who arc unhampered by esthetics or reminiscences,"
and who are "inspired by the law of economy and
guided by calculation."***
A t the same time another economic factor was
affecting architectural design—machinery. T h i s has
been dramatized by L e Corbusier, who has written
several books setting forth his theories, and his
followers. Starting with the automobile and the air-
plane as texts he goes further and says that architecture
should be designed to be of service, and if it answers
the requirements, beauty will come to it "naturally
and abundantly." T o him "the machine" is "free
from all attachment to a useless past, is the perfect
expression of modern man; it is practical, exactly
fitted to its role. It gets its beauty chiefly as the
result of selection, among the forms suggested solely
by its use, a selection which strips it of non-essentials."
A n d so he thinks of the house as a machine to dwell
in, forgetting that human beings are not yet machines,
and vary too much in their tastes to be cared for in
this way. But the machine is at work transforming
modern architecture in a much more potent way, the
"NIGHT," JACOB EPSTEIN, SCULPTOR
to make possible the spanning of great spaces were

made in the Galeric des Machines in the Paris Fair of
1889, now destroyed.
Before the beginning of this century ( 1 8 9 8 ) T o n y
Gamier, while still a Fellow at the French Academy
at Rome, and therefore presumably making studies
of the antique, began thinking about truth and logic
in architecture, inspired by the later philosophical works
of Zola, if one may judge by the quotations in his
Cite Industrielle. It was he who started to build forms
without ornament, forms resulting from a proper
solution of plan. H e was, and is, guided by the one
idea "that architecture, a social work, is a public serv-
ice in the same class as the Post Office or the Depart-
ment of Bridges; it is for the people and by the people.
"Little attention is paid to form, or rather the plan
(first concern of T o n y G a m i e r ) takes precedence
over it. I n composition he has no rival in skill."**
I n contrast, Auguste Perret, a little later, has made
himself the champion of reinforced concrete construc-
tion, which he handles in a masterly way; he is a
great constructive architect. Garnier's interest is
solely in the plan; Perret's in the skeleton.
New materials—steel and reinforced concrete—
were thus beginning to affect design. W h e n these
materials were first used stone forms were copied, but "DAY," JACOB EPSTEIN, SCULPTOR
it was inevitable they should be used with more and "Night," and "Day," sculptured groups by Epstein over the portals
of the Underground Railway at Westminster. This sculpture, taking
more freedom as they became better known, as experi- the place of the large keystones usual at such portals, meant to be
ments were made with them because of new condi- seen at a distance, by people in a hurry, is designed to make an
impression on the busy man of today, little interested in art, but
tions to be solved. As architects arc eminently
still sensitive to such elemental instincts as mother-love. "Allied to
conservative, whether they will or no, much of the a harsh, logical teaching without minor graces . . . . its only merits
are the large rhythmic essential merits of sculpture"—(James Bone
** "Tendencies of the School of Modern French Architecture," in "New York Times Magazine," August 25, 1929). Such merits
introduction by Paul Cret. "Architectural Record," 1929, p. 338. we are too apt to lose sight of in these days of technical skill.
[7]
D E S I G N I N M O D E R N A R C H I T E C T U R E
way which has resulted in the decay of craftsman- size: otherwise the buildings were quiet, and designed
ship—among artisans, among contractors, among in the manner of the times.
architects. Recently buildings, or at any rate structures, have
"Modern methods are a synonym for producing been designed from the same point of view as posters
something mechanically, i.e., without thought, with a or advertising, to create an effect that would instantly
minimum of effort, and at the least possible cost. draw attention. T h e y are posters in three dimensions.
These are not methods heretofore used for worth- Naturally traditions of building are not of value—
while work—which is the fruit of effort only, effort quite the contrary—and new ideas, new "stunts," are
that draws on all one's faculties with little thought of used, some of them exceedingly clever. These are
financial r e t u r n s . It usually r e s t l e s s , but
is difficult to reconcile many of them suggest
quantity p r o d u c t i o n i d e a s t h a t a r e of
and personality, which value to a designer for
is the essential quality more enduring work.
of any work of art."* F o r a piece of adver-
Much of the archi- tising is not u s u a l l y
tecture of today is in very enduring; it is
the hands of business apt to be built for short
men, whose aim, life, for when it be-
speaking generally, is comes well known, it
"to produce something no l o n g e r a t t r a c t s
which will look as well enough a t t e n t i o n to
as a more expensive- justify its e x i s t e n c e .
something else." T h i s
Architecture, t h e n ,
has not been the case in
is c h a n g i n g ; but it
past history; it cannot
always has been so.
but lead to changes in
"Architecture is always
the spirit of architec-
in a state of evolution.
tural design.
A t times this process is
T h e r e is a n o t h e r slowed by the presence
way in which com- of a group of highly
mercialism is affecting gifted individuals who
architecture, and this is stabilize d e s i g n a n d
leading to forms that style for a while—but
are quite n e w . We only for a while. I t
have become used to is then that we have
the poster as a compo- such p e r i o d s as the
sition, usually in two height of Athens, and
dimensions, to express Rome." Architecture
an idea forcefully by changes because social
overemphasis—a type INTERIOR O F CHURCH AT L E RAINCY, F R A N C E — and e c o n o m i c condi-
of art of which the A. A N D G . F E R R E T , A R C H I T E C T S tions change, because
success is judged by the Here reinforced concrete has been used with the minimum sections required people think and do
amount of attention it by the calculations of stresses. The pierced wall surfaces seem to be of a things in a different
different scale from the rest and somewhat at a discord as to general
attracts. T h e attrac- stylistic character—they lose the prevailing vertical tendency in a criss-
m a n n e r than their
tion of attention is the cross that allows the horizontal lines to obtrude on one's perception. But grandfathers did; be-
first essential; this it in spite of this the work gives much more the spirit of Gothic principles c a u s e inventions a r e
than many examples of modern attempts at Gothic archeology. From
may do by brilliant F. R. Yerbury's "Modem European Buildings." made, processes
color, or by clashing changed; and princi-
color, by interesting line or idea. But "poster archi- pally because, with all these things, life becomes more
tecture," conceived in the same spirit and intending and more complicated with the passage of time, and
in the same way to attract attention, is a product of these requirements of modern times are reflected in
very recent years. T h e r e have long been buildings the programs of modern architecture. T h e problems
meant to advertise; the Singer T o w e r , the Woolworth of today are much more complicated than those of
Building, were made higher than any existing building former times: even the home, a comparatively simple
of their day entirely for advertising reasons. T h e problem, is more complicated than the home of fifty
pyramids of Egypt were much larger than a tomb years ago, due to improvements in plumbing, heating,
need be, probably for a similar reason. But the de- and the use of electricity in many ways, to the servant
signers of these buildings were satisfied with height or "problem," and to changing economic conditions. L e t
us start our study of modern architecture with the
• Paper read before the Philadelphia Chapter, American Institute of
study of the modern program, through the plan which
Architects, 1925, by Paul Cret.
[91
P E N C I L P O I N T S F O R J A N U A R Y , 1 9 3 0
is the result of that program. I t is here that we see Never before, of course, have architectural students
most clearly what is Modern Architecture. T h i s we had access to so many documents: perhaps after being
shall do in the next issue of P E N C I L P O I N T S . required to draw the orders meticulously to imbibe
But until we have made some study of what is some feeling for those principles of design which
modern, let us be open-minded enough to realize that, depend on the proportion of masses, of height, width,
just as there has been good and bad work in all periods and thickness, of void to solid, of light to shadow—
of building, there is undoubtedly good and bad in this, small wonder if students fresh from such exercises,
advanced to the upper grades of design and freed from
and that we cannot say that work is good became it
inhibitions as to style, stray far afield for inspiration, as
is modern in its clothing, and that we cannot say it is
voung colts turned out to pasture. But they are still
bad because of modern clothing.*
in a field—and the patron with his well trained and
Never before have architectural designers, as a class, ingrained feeling for proportion—for design in fact—
been so well trained before they start designing work watches the pasture, and while allowing, and encour-
to be built—never before have they been so academi- aging, the student to seek where he will for documents,
cally trained—trained, that is, in schools, trained to harmonizes these elements when criticizing the stu-
attack a program logically—trained to think out a dent's work. T h e "elements" are new, but the plans,
composition logically—trained to use documents in the facades, are still articulated, studied, in proportion:
their work. T h e y use documents to arrange a parti well balanced, with a nice distribution of ornament.
in plan, in section, in elevation; documents for detail, Not all students are good students of course, and not
documents for presentation. all students work. T h e Beaux-Arts Institute of
Design still gives only occasionally a first medal, and
"/ am far from saying that all the artists who have "gone modern" very many zeros.
have turned away from the hypocrisy and cant of the periods
gone by, and thai those who haven't are still sunk in sin. Many A n d yet the average of the student work is on a
who have adopted the external trappings, the color, decorations, much higher plane than that of some fifteen years ago.
and details of modernism are far less modern than others whose
T h e best of today may not be better than the best of
work may still hear an external resemblance to that of older
periods, but whose conception is fundamentally modern. In fact yesteryear—but it is much harder to pick the best, so
the same fellows who were hypocritical and dishonest in their good is the average. T h e students of today are the
art yesterday, are hypocritical and dishonest in their art today, no
matter how they may be classified in the public mind."—Raymond
architects of tomorrow: we should therefore look for-
Hood: "The Architectural Forum" November, 1929. ward to a good architecture.
N O U V E L L E SALLE P L E Y E L , PARIS
A U B U R T I N , C R A N E T , AND MATHON, A R C H I T E C T S
This facade has a cornice and is otherwise composed

as facades have been for several hundred years, except
for such signs of today as the large area of openings,
compared to the wall surface in which they occur, and
a simplification of detail. In plan and section this
building is distinctly modern, with the thin points of
support and structural members only possible by
the use of steel and reinforced concrete. From
"Documents d'Architecture Contemporaine."
[10]
ADVENTURES OF A N ARCHITECT
I I I - T H E WHEEL OF FORTUNE
By Rossel E. Mitchell
The COMMITTEE of distinguished-appearing harmony must yield to utility, limitations of site and
gentlemen filed impressively into the office. A cleri- purse. But expensive churches are intended to be
cally garbed member headed the procession. After beautiful; in fact, beauty is a prime consideration.
the customary introductions the clerical gentleman Therefore younger architects yearn to build
informed me of the purport of their visit. T h e y were churches. After a few experiences with unimaginative
to build a church. Not a little brick affair, but a great and parsimonious building committees they lose much
stone sanctuary in Gothic of the best period. Here of their youthful ardor.
the clergyman, for such he was, demonstrated his A r t is long, and campaigns for church funds are
erudition by using certain terms peculiar to the tech- longer. Church enterprises frequently drag through
nique of ecclesiastical architecture. He spoke of naves, a term of years before the original conception is finally
vaulted aisles, clerestories, apses, and transepts. realized.
T h e other members of the committee were duly M y first experience with a church building some-
impressed. Evidently here was a minister who knew what approximated the dream-interview above recited.
his churchly Bermudas, so to speak. T h e site was But the committee-members did not come to m e —
ideal for the purpose. A plat was produced showing Mahomet went to the mountain. T h e y did, however,
metes and bounds of a two-acre plot in the best resi- desire a beautiful Gothic church, with very rigid
dential section. limitations of cost. Also, after weeks of interviews
" W e want this church to be of the finest Gothic with several architects, and checking up on their work,
architecture, correct in every detail. A large congre- they appointed me to have charge of their structure.
gation must be provided for in the sanctuary, and a I was justifiably elated. A certain "church architect"
parish house, or Sunday school, built that will permit had been very industrious in his efforts to secure the
the latest methods of religious pedagogy to be put into commission. He had displayed photographs of about
operation. fifty churches he had built. These were accompanied
by glowing letters from satisfied clients. But the com-
"But when all the practical requirements have been
mittee consisted of educated people: several had
met, the entire building group must be an architectural
traveled abroad.
masterpiece.
M y own submissions consisted of several costly
" W e know, by reputation, of the very high quality
books of engravings, showing the best English and
of your designs. W e feel certain you are just the
American churches of the past and present. T h e pic-
architect to secure for us the most beautiful, worship-
tures submitted by my rival proved his undoing. T h e
ful, and useful church group of this magnitude yet
committee recognized that he was an architect in name
erected. T h e r e is no limit to be placed on the cost—
only. Starting as a builder on a small scale, he had
we want what we want as we want i t ! "
"graduated" into architecture by the hammer and
Sad to relate, the above interview never actually trowel route. I t is astonishing how such "church
happened. I n fact, it never happens except in the architects" have preyed on the public, especially in
imaginative brains of some thousands of young archi- rural and small city sections of the country. One job
tects throughout America. E v e r y one of them dreams leads to another, especially when the "architect"
of building a great and beautiful church. Every spends ninety per cent of his time on the road drum-
architect, I mean. Y o u r cold-blooded, calculating, ming up clients to mulct, and the other ten per
engineering practitioner, or your commercial-minded cent getting out plans for the formless abortions that
real estate operating moneymaker, to whom the world our smaller cities, especially in the South and West,
of architecture is but a fat cow to be milked—these are afflicted with.
never dream of building churches. Give them the The chairman of the committee notified me
office building, the countless units of a big apartment verbally of my selection. H e was just about to leave
building, and they are happy. Money talks in the for a summer vacation, and advised me to let the
building field, and they want money first, last, and all matter rest until he returned. I n the meantime I
the time. But the successful professional architect took my own little family for a much needed change,
must be a dreamer as well as a doer. He must have and came back refreshed and ready to plunge into the
the taste, training, and capacity to picture a beautiful attractive problem of building a beautiful church and
structure in the eye of the mind, building up the a modern building for religious education.
vision more and more definitely, all the time he is I called on the committee chairman for instruc-
wrestling with the primary requirements of use and tions. He greeted me rather blanky, was obviously
arrangement. embarrassed.
A costly church comes nearer to fulfilling an archi- "Weren't you notified what happened?"
tectural ideal than perhaps any other building. T o o I had not been notified, but a sinking sensation
often in other buildings symmetry, proportion, and advised me that I was now being notified.
1]
" W e l l , it is most unfortunate. T h e one member of any kind. T h e chairman was to have notified me,
of the committee who has been continually out of town but had not done so.
—you never met him, you know—finally got back T h i s was a crushing blow. O n l y one, however, of
to the city during my absence. I was acting chair- the many that the average architect gets more or less
man. T h e friends of M r . M , the man who used to, as time passes.
calls himself a church architect, protested to the A n d the irony of fate seemed to be that the acting
chairman that the committee had made a wrong chairman, who had been largely instrumental in select-
ing me, now asked me "would I mind" making some
selection. A meeting was called, and I returned from
alterations to his house? So while a rival firm had a
the mountains to be present. I explained that we had
fine commission fall into their lap unsolicited, I had
gone into the matter with great care. W e had unani-
my trouble for my pains, and an unremunerative
mously rejected M r . M as totally incompetent
alteration job besides! However, the house additions
for the task. W e recited our various interviews, and
proved enjoyable to handle and the sequel most agree-
the reasons that had led up to your selection.
able. T h e gentleman and his wife were charming
"Friends of this other man asked, 'How many people, and to consult with them was a real pleasure.
churches has this architect built whom you have
I succeeded in transforming an old jig-saw night-
chosen?' W e told them only six or seven, but that
mare into a very pleasant, Colonial type of house,
our investigations had convinced us you were the man
much to the amazement of the neighbors and natives.
we needed. T h e y pointed out that their man had
T w o years later this same gentleman, who happened
built more than fifty (such as they a r e ) . So much
to be a bank president, gave me the commission to
partisanship developed that the committee chairman,
build for him a very fine bank and office building of
who, by the way, is the largest contributor, finally
considerable height. M y trouble and pains taken
suggested that for the sake of harmony the committee
with the house paid big dividends!
give up its choice, the friends of the other man to do
And the bank and office building has been the means
likewise. H e asked permission to go to the telephone,
of helping me to get numbers of similar commissions.
call up a reputable firm of architects in a neighboring
So does architecture reverse the law of Nature that
city, and ask them to take charge of the work. T h i s
whatever you sow you will also reap. I n many differ-
was done. T h e other members of the committee felt
ent ways has the above experience been approximated.
very badly about it. T h e i r work of months was prac-
Y o u r architect may assiduously sow the ecclesiastical
tically thrown away."
field, looking for a crop of church spires to sprout up
T h e y felt the outcome was unjust to them and to like corn, and behold! instead of churches come nice
me, but the church could not afford to have a rupture fat pumpkins in the shape of office buildings and banks!
PENCIL SKETCH BY F. B A R K L E Y LUCE
FOR THOMAS C . ROGERS, ARCHITECT
[12]
STAIR DESIGN A N D H A Z A R D
A P R A C T I C A L DISSERTATION REFUTING T H E RULE AND

SUBSTITUTING THEREFOR N E W PRINCIPLES O F DESIGN,
FOR USE IN T H E D R A F T I N G ROOM AND ELSEWHERE
By Geo. E. Eichenlaub
EDITOR'S N O T E : — T h e author of this article is a -practicing architect and engineer of Erie, Pennsylvania. He is desirous
of adding to the statistics he has already collected on stairs and will appreciate the cooperation of our readers, who are
invited to send him the information requested on page 20.
O S B O R N E S A I D " T h e Fireplace is probably the but to the average American this height is nearly as
first work of Architecture" and I now rise to wonder, tiresome as an 8" rise.
if steps and stairs in the hillside did not probably ante- "For ordinary use a rise of 7" to lYi" makes a very
date the fireplace? I n any event, stairs must be one comfortable stair. I n schools and other buildings used
of Man's oldest institutions—and artificial hazards. by children the rise should be about 6". The
Also, stairs are generally accepted as found, with width of the tread ( r u n ) should be determined by the
some complaint surely, but with a feeling of hopeless- height of the rise; the less the rise the greater the
ness because nothing can be done about it. tread and vice versa.
The "Stair-rule" has been so universally and so " A safe rule for this proportion is to make the sum
long in use, that no one seems to have even raised a of the rise and the tread ( r u n ) equal to 17" or XlYz"
question about it. Some and the tread should have
may regard it as treason Bad flojin, ID W«J M«rble «tc. a nosing of about
or heresy, or a waste of a d d e d to the r u n as
t i m e to l o o k i n t o and <W so gad - not b«i given.
examine the rule that has "The above rule only
been used and approved •Ddojeroqj u>bea mora-Heyer use applies to steps w i t h
by all and taught by emi- nr»m MM Vfi 4 Tim nosings. W h e n there are
nent teachers and now is 3to.l Curt»oos» <o,n ahload no nosings, as is the case
Ouhioe CIC*I«D1 l i M | famous M f c
about to be made into a «rtishc linfractiMl 6«d with stone steps usually,
regulation by the great the tread should never be
State of P e n n s y l v a n i a . 1
less than 12". Thus a
ConcnsJe OK.-
And y e t , if E d i s o n rise of 7" should have a
were willing to agree with run of 10 to W/z" or a
all who went before, he touJoctftrict; 8*3 z_ rise of 7/4" should have
would not be "Edison." ^JrouU M S" Minimum forToe tfom 9y " to 10" run. Other 2
Sf^—— ° * r n o n e
Perhaps it is worth while good rules: Product of

to risk broad condemna- rise and run shall be not
tion by raising the ques- less than 70 nor more
tion about the " S t a i r - than 75 inches; or the
rule." Moreover in the sum of two risers and a
STAIR NOSINGS COMMONLY E N C O U N T E R E D
light of modern engineer- tread [ H e means run]
ing and research, we have come to realize and know shall be not less than 24 nor more than 25 inches."
that everything the Ancients did is not necessarily Comment: T h e writer learned these rules and
right, and, I may say, we of today have improved on passed his "quiz" and was duly enrolled among the
their thought and works to that extent where we may elect—then later put them to use. I n office after
regard them largely as amateurs, as one Rogers office he found the rule as set forth to be quite uni-
might say, along with their stairways and rule versal without question—and without discussion or
therefor. investigation. A n d all technical books and data
Follow with me for a space, and if you feel that we appeared to support the same rule. Investigation
should have a law about it or not—it takes only a therefore seemed superfluous. I n good time, this
moment to write an opinion, to the Department of scribe thought himself no worse than most other Archi-
Labor and Industry, Harrisburg, P a . , which will help tects and embarked upon his own practice.
guide the officials in their ways. Some sixteen years now past, he was called in by a
Kidder's "Building Construction," a standard work client who lived in an old house, built as an hotel in
used as a textbook at the University of Pennsylvania 1802, with a good doorway. T h e main stairway in
says: " T h e rise of the stair should never be more this house was a single straight flight of steps to the
than 8" and that only for inferior stairs. F o r number of fifteen, in itself thereby to be classed as
grand staircases the rise is often made only 5J-4" or 6", bad practice; the young Architect mounted the stairs
[ 13]
CRAPHIC STAIR ANALYSES BY G E O R G E E. EICHENLAUB O F SEVEN EXISTING STAIRWAYS
to the 2nd Floor and then first realized that he had Interest aroused, this scribe fetched forth his measur-
done so without touching or feeling for the handrail. ing stick, borrowed a square and the measurements
T h i s was a good, though not stout, Colonial handrail showed up as 7/4" rise, 11" run with XYi" nosing,
with spindles which were all intact in their slender making a stair-tread at 12/4" each. T h e owners—
beauty of form and I offer in evidence that for more men, women, and children—all thought it a fine stair
than one hundred years this stair was subjected to and had had some compliments on its ease of ascent
various treatment and abuse and had "come through" before. No accidents of any kind had ever happened
with its none too rugged construction because it had on this stair; the children had all been raised here and
grace and beauty. I n a word it was designed right, the stair had never been blocked off because no one
in a rough day, and the pioneers, their progeny, and had ever been hurt.
more comers never found it necessary to lay hold of Y o u n g Architect ponders this—applies the rules;
and hang onto this "Bannister" until it must inevi- none fit. Could something be wrong with the rule?
tably disintegrate and be done, to be replaced with a More investigation, and the rule was discarded.
stouter and more modern thing. Remember too, Before this, young Architect designed a sister's home
Lafayette stopped at this "Hotel," and Volstead had and figured an easy stair as an essential and made the
not yet appeared to gentle us Americans. stair to the minimum of the rule, thinking a woman's
[ H ]
S T A I R D E S I G N A N D H A Z A R D
stride is smaller, ergo, make rise 6/4", run 9" with 2" a man carrying his invalid and convalescent wife
nosing. Pitch 37 degrees. So built. Architect makes upstairs (Speculator's job) fell from near the top. His
final inspection and near breaks his neck on said stairs. wife will never walk again and he could not be about
Found they could not be taken at speed and anyone for months. Y o u also know many of such accidents.
had to be slow and careful, until he became expert in T h e State of Pennsylvania has instituted rules,
their use; but that brought a first doubt of the "Rule." booked for rigid enforcement about and after the first
So for long, all stairs have been made 7" x 11" with of the year. T h e rule as proposed is written, "—the
1}4" nosing and 12/4" treads or as nearly as that minimum pitch (rake) shall be not less than 33
might be approached. T h e years have shown that the degrees and the maximum not more than 36 degrees
change is universally satisfactory for all inside utility and the height of a riser plus the tread ( r u n ) shall not
stairs in public and private buildings, for warehouses, exceed 1 7 / 4 " — " which indicates how the " R u l e " is
where goods are often carried up and down, for now become almost a law and a mandatory require-
theatres and so on. F o r a children's home, 6/4" rise; ment for nearly all but private dwellings for one
for schools, 6^4" rise. family, beyond which, progress will become more or
Where this scribe never heard comment, except in less impossible. T h i s is a serious situation calling for
condemnation, he now commenced to hear for the action now. Iâter, it will be difficult to correct.
first time in his whole life, a favorable, unsolicited T h e excellent stair of 1802, before cited, at 7 A" x
:
comment on his stairs. T o date, not one accident has 11" with 1^2" nosing would fall without the law
been reported on them. A l l of which finally leads to mathematically and would just lie within the 33 degree
conviction and the possibility that perhaps the "Rule" limit graphically; an ideal utility stair at 7" x 11" with
needs revision. Hence this attempt to disseminate V/2" nosing, would be legally wrong both ways.
good information. A n excellent concrete stairway used outside a
I n the writer's own house, 1918, the stairs are so theatre and built at 6" x 12" with 1/4" nosing, giving
designed, using 7" x 10J4" with V/2" nosings. a 13/4" tread, would also not be allowed any way it
T h r e e babies have grown up here—as they will if was figured according to the State Regulations. T h i s
given a chance. Not one, or the wife, or myself, or stair consists of five steps and was imposed by condi-
any visitor has so far had a slip or trip leading to tions of site that made their use necessary. W e are
accident on our stairways. T h e head of the stair has told, it is the only satisfactory stairway in the small
never been guarded; the youngsters always preferred town. It is used by thousands of all ages and condi-
to play around these stairs and still do. W e have tions and has now been in use for six years, in all
noted that when they take a tumble singly or en masse y
weathers, and is just that well conceived and executed
they always somehow "fetch up" about the third tread that no accident of any kind is recorded to date.
below the one from which the tumble started. T h e law must, I would say, at least allow limits of
No handrails on these steps; when a person misses slope from 22 /l
2 to 38 degrees, with rise and run and
a step as he sometimes will, with or without cause, I nosings proportioned and designed to suit the pitch. I
have noted the recovery is always almost instant and do not yet see how a rule or law can be devised to care
does not lead into a "tail-spin" for a "loop" ending at for every conceivable condition of practice.
the bottom of the stairway. T h e r e follow some observations and measurements
O n the other hand, I constantly hear of this and of existing stairways that are and are not suitable for
that accident on neighbors' stairways. Recently the conditions as found:
Pitch or Rake given in degrees w i t h the horizontal; Riser in inches from top to top of succeeding treads; Run in inches
is the tread without nosing or riser face to riser face; Tread in inches is the run given, plus the nosing, i f any.
PITCH RISE RUN NOS'C TREAD C O M M E N T BY A U T H O R .
4214 8 " x %y "—\y "2 2 10 " Office Building, 1870; main stair in one flight or set of steps to 2nd Floor.
Bad. 19 steps; wood; dangerous in the extreme. Many falls and accidents
reported. Still in use.
40 7J4" x 8J4"—1J4" 10 " Old Office Building, 1880; main stair in one flight to 2nd Floor. 21 steps;
Not so bad. wood; no landing. Not good and not so bad, especially after considering
its neighbor as above.
38 734" x 934"—1 " 10^" New Office Building, 1927; main public stair to 2nd Floor. 26 steps with
A limit, but no Public use. one landing in straight line of stairs; steel and tile composite staircase;
satisfactory ascending but not f o r descending; handrail necessary. Not
recommended. Treads seem narrow. Not as comfortable as the wood stair
in the 1880 Building cited first above, with 1^4" nosings.
34 7H"x\] "—\y "
2 1234' Inside Retail Store f o r Public. Recommended, but a l i m i t f o r design.
Practical l i m i t . Wood, with rubber mats and raised brass strips near nosings, which is con-
demned. One quarter-turn landing with first down riser 13" removed f r o m
the string-line. This is not a f u l l step or more and is disconcerting. Women
trip and misstep here constantly.
28 6 # " x \iy "—2 y"
A Erie Public Library, 1900, Aldcn & Harlow, Architects. Main stairway to
An ideal. 2nd Floor. Grand or monumental in character. Marble. Successful to
point of an ultimate ideal, artistically and practically. N o accidents ever
15]
PENCIL POINTS FOR J A N U A R Y , 1930
PITCH RISE RUN Nos'c TREAD COMMENT BY AUTHOR.

reported. As a child, as a youth and as a mature person, this writer has
found these steps a pleasure, up or down, under all circumstances.
24 6 " x 13 " — y A
n
ny A
Erie Public Library; marble stair inside M a i n Entrance to 1st Floor. One
Ideal inside. flight of 8 risers; as satisfactory as the Grand Staircase noted above. N o
accidents.
23 6 " x l 4 "-0 * 14 Erie Public Library; outside North Porch. Stone steps; 3 risers, no nosings;
Ideal outside. ideal in use. Splendid design.
31* 6y "x\oy "—Wa"
s 4
ny 2
Erie Public Library; easterly stair to 2nd Floor. 16 up to half-turn land-
Handrail needed. ing and 14 up to 2nd Floor. Wood w i t h rubber tread covers and brass
nosings. Sense of insecurity and danger in use. Railing necessary. Not
so good, not bad.
23 6y " x 13 "—\y"
4 2 w/2 Erie Public Library; East Entrance to 1st Floor. Wood; treads covered with
A perfect ideal. checker pattern rubber and flat fitted brass nosings. 9 risers inside.
30 7 " x 12 "-0 " 12 Concrete outside; 12 risers; very good. Recent ( 1 9 2 8 ) .
Inside sister's home. Wood. 9 up to half-turn landing and 9 up. 1912.
37 ey "x
2 9 "—iy" 3 \oy 2
Miserable. Design by Author. Bad. Uncomfortable in extreme; near dangerous.
Never use.
20 \y "x\i
2 "—i " 13 Outside; brick rowlock risers; 12 used; 1928. Uncomfortable, near danger-
Bad. ous. 1" tread to nosers.
43 sy » 2 x 9 "—114" \oy 4
Service Stair to Attic; dwelling. A limit f o r any condition. Practical
Attic stair, O. K. enough as found f o r its use.
37^ 8 " x 1034"— W 12 Public Stair, tall modern Office Building, 1912. Composite Steel stair with
Not good. Terrazzo treads. Good enough, but a practical limit. Only use i f must.
Rise too much for Women, though they make i t . No accidents.
37 8 "x\oy "—o " \oy 2 2
Same building. Concrete service stair; perpendicular risers; treads have 3"
Hazardous. masontype safety treads set later and above tread surface. Uncomfort-
able to point of danger. Hazardous up or down.
26 6 "xl2 "— \y " i3y
2 2
Concrete steps outside, with slant risers. N o safety treads; Public use in
An ideal. 5 steps from broad landing. Designed by Author; Theatre, 1922.
28 5 ^ " x 10^"—\y " A \2% Inside retail store, 9 steps; uncomfortable to point of hazard. Cannot be
Bad. taken at speed up or down. Wood; covered with rubber treads bent over
nosings; not good design; bad practice. N o accidents.
37 6y x 9y —2 "2
n
2
n
11 Women's retreat. Uncomfortable; avoid in use. No accidents reported.
Bad.
32 7^"xll^"—2 " ny A
Concrete with slant risers. Warehouse all stairs; No safety treads; No acci-
Ideal f o r men. dents; fifty male users of various sizes and weight all consider it ideal.
Author-designed, 1921. 5,000 concrete with carbo-grit in surfaces and
steel curb-nosings used.
37 7 "x 9 "—2 " 11 Main stair; dwelling. Uncomfortable; cannot be taken at speed. Compels
Not good. a cramped stride. Carpet runner aggravates condition of hazard.
38^ 7y " 9 "—2y2"
8 x \\y 2
Cellar stairs; residence. Open risers; wood. 13 steps in one flight; the
Quite ideal. open risers save the design. N o trips, slips, stumbles, or accidents in ten
years' use. Maids and servants always remark about the comfort.
33 7 "xioj4"—\y 2
n
12 Main stairs above residence. Wood; no coverings used. Maids again remark
General ideal. the comfort and safety. Baby-tumbles stop at third step. Not steep enough
f o r children to bump-slide their way down at satisfactory speed, f o r them.
A perfect stair in general.
A Conclusion: It will be noted now, that the last- w a y , 7H" x 11 — 2 " , is clearly outside the State
named stairway is cited as a generally ideal utility de- Regulations, yet is k n o w n to be an ideal utility stairway
sign. Comparing with the proposed Pennsylvania R e g - for males at least.
ulations, it will be found that this stair lies at the end, T h e good stairways cited are the l i m i t of the rule at
just within the 33 degree limit of permissible minimum \iy "
2 sum or greater; the Cellar Stairway sums up
pitch, and again lies at the permissible end limit of 16;H$", but is an open riser w i t h 2 / 4 " effective nosing.
M A X I M U M sum of riser and tread which "Shall W i t h closed risers and \ / " nosing, this w o u l d
l
2
not exceed 1 7 ^ " — " While no 7" x U"—V/ " is 2 undoubtedly not be satisfactory at a l l . Indeed, I have
measured or known about, it is my belief that this noted some t o r n spots in the paper used to close this
7" x 11" should lie in the center or average of the per- o f f underneath, which indicates that toe-room is
missible limits set forth by rule or law. barely sufficient. M y j u d g m e n t w o u l d seem to support
T h e pitches vary from 23 to 38/ 2 degrees and are /
requirements that w o u l d permit pitches of f r o m 22
K N O W N in use, to be safe, sane and comfortable, degrees w i t h the horizontal up to 38, w i t h a m i n i m u m
where the rise and run and nosings are all proportioned sum of one riser and one rUn of 17" and a m a x i m u m
right in relation to each other. T h e Warehouse Stair- of 20" or more. Certainly a m i n i m u m should here be
16
S T A I R D E S I G N A N D H A Z A R D
specified where a maximum is mentioned and danger not be less than 6" or more than measured from
may lie at either end. A t least one stairway is cited tread to tread perpendicular to the horizontal tread
that would be legal, under the proposed requirements, surfaces. I t should be recognized that special condi-
but which is distinctly a bad stairway. tions of space restrictions and use may operate to make
It then becomes important to specify a minimum it impossible to apply the above rules to achieve the
width of tread, with its nosing, of at least 11" but not maximum of safety to life, health and property, in
more than, say, 15", and all treads shall lie uniformly which event the rule may be altered by the authorities
in a horizontal plane. Nosings should be used on all to fit more properly the special case in question.
interior stairways, so designed that the face edge of the Since no manufacturer can patent or market a merely
tread projects at least 1" or more beyond the line of well-proportioned stairway and since, if he did, the
riser immediately below, where it members with the Architect probably would not use it anyway, and since
first tread below the one in question. Mouldings, if there does not appear to be any well-considered and
used to cover the joint of tread and riser are discour- reasoned matter on the subject in the light of recent
aged and should not be included in the tread width. research, made to fit modern American people, and
No maximum limit need be established for nosings that such research is not apt to be undertaken since
—the more the better. O f course, it is important that there is no way, which I can see, in which the results
all such nosings be solid and firm, true to line and level thereof could be capitalized and turned to profit, does
on top with the tread surface or plane. it not therefore become a proper function of Govern-
ment in behalf of the public welfare that such an in-
Nosings may have a uniform outward bow or arc
vestigation be put under way by the State, the U . S.
not exceeding 1" in 3'0" of length. T h e writer has
Bureau of Standards, or possibly the Russell Sage or
noticed, in one job at least, that the concrete forms
the Rockefeller Foundations?
sagged from the weight of the fresh concrete and
resulted in a slight bow, which reacted upon the stair- T h i n k of the broken arms and legs, twisted spines,
user in such a manner as to keep him to the center of suffering and death that might be prevented from a
the stairs and was in no wise objectionable, whether he universal use of proper stairways? I f we only knew
did so or not. T h i s is not a recommendation, but it how to build them, compulsion by law might not be
is felt that no law should be so highly restrictive as to necessary. E v e n the speculative builder would build
prevent progress through development of new art or better, if he only knew how. No one can argue that
science. I n really fine buildings, especially of monu- a well proportioned stairway, merely by reason of that
mental character, it is desirable in many cases to use a fact, costs more to install than another of the same size
curved riser for supreme artistic effect, without that is a menace for all the years of its too-long life.
hazard. Such are probably used in the Lincoln W h i l e the writer has worked with many building
Memorial at Washington. Shape of nosings is also codes, he does not recollect an instance where any
important. See accompanying drawings. Risers should code specified the limits of rise and tread and pitch of
GRAPHIC ANALYSES BY G E O R G E E . EICHENLAUB OF SIX E X I S T I N G STAIRWAYS
[ 17 I
.- S T A H L W A / S prcKoJ at ranôna £ none

^conc3 dliKc or to do apparrot rute..
GRAPHIC ANALYSES BY G E O R G E E . EICHENLAUB O F NINE STAIRWAYS
stairways. E v e n Kidder does not discuss the Pitch of essarily be made into a profound law, at this time.
Stairways. Such important factors would be covered, Although the function of any law be " T o guide the
did any authentic information by reliable authority ignorant and restrain the unscrupulous," nevertheless,
exist on the subject; also, I would admit, that the sub- a law is too difficult to change, even though we all
ject somehow could be covered more thoroughly and find it to be a bad and senseless restriction. T o o much
done better than is herein set forth, but need not nec- law now is a serious burden upon this Nation and all
[18]
STAIR DESIGN A N D H A Z A R D
its parts and too often reacts to throttle invention and Ramps for pedestrians might be included in such a
progress. A n y Architect with an Inter-state practice digest. A t present, somebody specified a 10% grade
can vouch for that. as a limit and all other cities and states copied it and
W h i l e the safety-tread manufacturers tell you many made it into law. I am not satisfied that this is
loudly how to make any stairway safe by using their the practical limit for a good and safe inclined walk-
treads, this is another phase of design on which general, way or corridor, although we do not exceed that pitch
authentic, reliable information is lacking. for other practical reasons in our theatres.
W e consider it dangerous to use the same markings I n further support of my statement, above made,
and textures on treads of public stairways for instance, " T h i s subject is important, and well worth a thor-
and have happily improved the safety factor and the ough, modern investigation, leading to more compre-
artistic as well by using two and sometimes three hensive and positive recommendations," permit me to
different kinds of textures, markings or/and colors on quote from the following authorities as found in T h e
the succeeding treads. Brass strips, iron bars and Erie Public Library, exhausting their very complete
such for nosings are avoided. Carpets are often index files: Williams, dated 1914. Preface starts out,
dangerous unless the stair be specially designed for " T h e fact cannot have failed to impress itself upon all
such covering. E v e n then, I should say, permission students of stairbuilding that something of essential
should be in order from the authorities if such cover- import is lacking in the literature of the science and
ing is proposed for use in public buildings, with the art, for on no other ground can one account for
theatres in particular mind. the small proficiency in . . . constructing stairways."
H o w to make up a comprehensive investigation and T h e n he says: " I n a house a riser of 6 /2" and a
l
report on Stairs is another problem. T o choose two tread of 10" is considered good. A tread 12" wide
men and two women, above and below average height will be better providing the riser is proportioned to the
and in a none too robust condition; to employ them tread"—no information on this proportion.
to charge up and down certain selected stairways and T h e n he tells the student how to proceed to lay
then report their reactions mentally and physically, out and build a single run stairway with 8" risers and
with a measurement of their heart actions after 8" treads, saying, " I n this example the treads and risers
"hitting the sidewalk," together with observations by are the same,"—so we close that book willingly.
a recorder who would have all the data and measure- T h e n we open Hodgson, dated 1903. H e says to
ments regarding the stairway tested, might be a start. start out by taking any comfortable step and gauge
Stairways of all kinds are in existence and are just others by that. " A rough and ready rule is to make
waiting to be tried out; some with various treads and two risers and one tread equal 24 inches. Nicholson
risers might be built if not readily found. O n e with gives a standard of 12" tread to a riser of five and
wide treads and low risers was a main approach to one-half inches. T h e height of risers should be from
the late Cleveland Railroad Station; it looked so easy 6" to 7" and the breadth of tread not less than 9",
because of its slight angle of pitch and was so etc." Hodgson continues, " A modern writer has given
peculiarly unhappy to all. While I have no record of several different proportions adapted to different build-
accidents on this " W a l k i n g stair," I do have vivid ings. His most ample tread is 12" with 5 ^ " riser;
recollection of muscle-strain and general public com- then Uy "2 x 5H"; 11" x 6"; 1 0 ^ " x 6 A" i con- J
plaint. Indeed, many people have no other recollec- cluding with 9" x 7". While in the foregoing ex-
tions of Cleveland than this bad stairway. Something, amples the angle of rake (pitch) varies from 24 to 37
too, might be learned from temporary stairs built in degrees, it is often expedient to make the angle less
the line of a public walk. Such are used during con- than 24 degrees. Now some people maintain that the
struction of large buildings on busy streets and are tread and riser added together should make 18"; but
uniformly bad. Different combinations of rise, run, if 9" x 9" were used, the rise would be too great.
and tread might be used and the results noted from Others say the tread and riser should equal 17J4",
public-user comment. O f course, it would be too which will give 12" x 5 /2"; 10" x 7"; 9" x lA"';
J
much to expect favorable comment here, but the 8" x 8/4". T h i s rule is better than the former."
number of trips, slips, falls, etc., could be recorded Both books then devote many pages to weird and
together with the age, type, kind, color, and condition complicated geometric problems, setting forth in detail
of the unwitting public benefactor or informant. just how these stairs should be built with the flyers,
Again if Architects, Engineers, Building Owners winders, dance-steps and so on, all of which we
and so on would measure the steps they consider best ( M o d e r n s ? ) have come to regard as dangerous and
and worst in their experience, this data properly tabu- bad practice and now have pretty much and happily
lated, might produce valuable results. A form of legislated out of public buildings. W h i l e this may
questionnaire being sent to members of the Erie E n g i - appear as a good word for law, is it not logical to
neer's Society is given on page 20. believe that these bad practices have eliminated them-
I think the information must be sought through selves through modern education and knowledge?
some fairly well paid research department of a worth No other data was found available in the Erie
while organization. Certainly a City or State should Library and I have resolved not to criticize again
conduct such an investigation before undertaking to because of the dearth of technical books to be found
write a law about it. there. I would say they have too many now.
[ 19]
QUESTIONNAIRE O N STAIRWAY ENGINEERING,

C O N D U C T E D T H R O U G H T H E ERIE ENGINEERS' SOCIETY.
Cut this out, fill out, and post to Geo E. Eichenlaub, Archt., Commerce Bldg., Erie, Pa.
T h i n k a moment and choose the most comfortable stairway in your immediate experience, then take your rule
or yardstick and measure that stair giving the following information:
Height of riser measured f r o m top to top of treads inches.
Over-all width of treads f r o m riser to edge inches.
Nosing of tread, projection beyond face of riser inches.
Diagonal measured distance f r o m tip to tip of nosings inches.
W i d t h of stairway between closing walls or balustrades feet inches.
Number of risers f r o m landing to landing
Reporter's height Weight Male or Female
Public, semi-public, private stairs leading f r o m to
Stairs are wood, concrete, stone, steel, composite or
Risers are open, wood, stone, steel, w i t h or without mouldings.
Treads arc plain, covered with carpet, rubber, linoleum or
Treads have a brass or shoestrip near nosing edge which is flush with surface of tread,
below or above same part of inch, and is, is not, objectionable because
About what date built Record of accidents i f any
Riser, tread and nosing of other stairs you like "by "by . . ..
Riser, tread and nosing of stairs you do not approve "by "by
Reporter's name Address
Date • • • •.
W i l l not be published or used against Reporter without his consent.
A comfortable stair is one that you can mount or descend with a feeling of security at any reasonable speed, without the
feeling that you must take them two at a time; you w i l l not seek a handrail f o r support even subconsciously; you w i l l
not trip, slip or f a l l , but i f you do, your recovery w i l l be rapid and without jar. You surely w i l l not tumble to the
foot of the stairs.
It w i l l be possible to handle furniture and packages without much trouble, within limits of course.
A record of dangerous and uncomfortable stairs is also needed. Below is a sketch of the required dimensions.
SKETCH SHOWING DIMENSIONS DESIRED
[20 |
ARCHITECTURAL ABLUTIONS
By William Williams
OF T H E MANY things done in the name of an office building glitter in the sun like a blown up
efficiency one of the most stupid and far-fetched is headstone, who can account for the necessity of sand-
the practice of scrubbing down the faces of modern blasting or steam-jetting the Grand Central Terminal?
buildings. T h e real estate gentlemen have dissemi- Rain and snow and dust and pigeon's lime have done
nated the doctrine that a clean building rents better more, perhaps, to make this structure tolerable than
than a dirty one, and perhaps they are right. T h e have its architectural merits which, to be sure, are
theory probably works out pretty well in practice, but simple enough. A n d who can tell the urgency of
like a lot of doctrines that engage the public imagina- giving the Soldiers' and Sailors' Memorial on River-
tion it attaches itself to the wrong side of the subject. side Drive a diluted solution of Muriatic: These
T h e cleanliness should be on the inside, not on the are two structures that are not for rent, yet both have
outside. been, or are being, scraped and laved. A n d very
F o r very few people care what the outside of nice they look too, except there are spots, stains, and
an office building looks like, as anyone can see by blemishes which do not yield to the cleaners. T h e r e
observing the queer looking things that are being are sinkages, recesses, and undercuts where the dirt
built. A n d , while I admit I am perhaps less observant clings in spite of the acid, the brush, the sand, and the
than most people, I must confess never to have seen water. A building that a short time ago was beau-
the building in which I have spent my working days tifully weathered and blended and unified and settled
for the past few years, above the entrance way. More- in its surroundings has suddenly lost its dignity,
over, I hardly think the color of the masonry would blossomed out in its naked glory, an old lady in tights.
interest me, as a prospective tenant, nearly as much as O f course, if architecture has nothing to do with
the location of the building and the office space to be its surroundings, if a building is supposed to have suffi-
had for the rent I could pay. I might consider the cient beauty in itself to chuck the effects of time to
elevator service, and make a mental computation of one side and stand on the strength of its fine mould-
the number of persons per toilet fixture, but these ings, splendid proportions, and precise detail, all well
things have little to do with the looks of the building and good, sand blast the thing! L e t it shine for all it
from the street. Houses, we were told, are made to is worth, let the people block the traffic, let them
live in, not to look at, and cleanliness in a building, stand in droves before the thing and gaze in wonder
as in a man, as I once heard one of these truck doctors and in admiration. L e t them cry aloud for the archi-
say, should start at the bowels. tect and chair him up and down 5th A v e . !
But this, of course, is a personal opinion and no I have seen many strange things, lovers gazing at
doubt, judging by the number of buildings being the moon, young men panting in Carnegie Hall,
manicured nowadays, there are other people, less old- young women in a trance in front of a still-life up at
fashioned than I , with other opinions on the subject. the Museum, long-haired chaps buried in books at the
Y e t I cannot help but feel, considering the danger to Library, but never have I seen a tear fall at sight of a
life and limb entailed by looking up, that to clean building on Manhattan.
down an office building is a pure waste of time and But this may simply indicate again my shallow
money, to say nothing of the question of "taste" observance, tears may have dropped and I have missed
involved. them. F o r I do know of a man who, upon seeing
T h e present popularity of white brick in the newer for the first time, from the office window, the blue
skyscrapers may be an indication of the belief held by medallions at the top of the Lefcourt Colonial, said:
renting agents of man's susceptibility to this commend- " I don't know whether to laugh or cry when I see
able shade. M a n cannot resist it, he is drawn to it as stuff like that." T h e r e are reasons to believe, how-
he is drawn by instinct to detect the difference between ever, that had he wept they would not have been
right and wrong. White being the universal symbol of tears of aesthetic emotion and would not therefore have
chastity, they reason, men by association with such a been to the point. He is, in any case, an oversensitive
building will acquire some of the structure's obvious man and it is probably well that he should never see
virtue. Not only will business in such a building be the building in its entirety.
conducted above the level but it will also be of the A l l of which is beside the mark, my purpose being
nature of the building's color. I t will typify, in other to remind the champions of the steam-jet that a build-
words, the true spirit of American business, pure and ing has, in its way, an individuality, and as such
altruistic. O n l y one thing remains. L e t us hope that deserves respect, no matter how weak its claims to
when (for instance) the Chrysler building is full of architectural fame. A n d its individuality, inseparable
unsuspecting tenants and the building's piebald shaft from its environment, begins to come into its own as
begins to fade under the accumulating soot, the owners soon as the builders leave the thing. More often than
will not be found reluctant to clean the building down not the new building is an eyesore until it begins to
from its illustrious top to the bottom. soften and mellow with time and settle into the scheme
Y e t granting the commercial advantages of having of its surroundings, after which it no longer obtrudes
[21]
itself but falls into place with that natural ease one believe himself confronted by the marks of architec-
observes in people who feel at home. I t is this quality tural genius. A n d many a quaint edifice commands
in a building which makes it criminal to violate the respect by virtue of its survival against the onslaughts
natural effects of time upon its face. A n d just as an of time. A n d while, in America, we rarely let a
old lady lays herself open to censure and ridicule by building stand long enough for it to become associated
tripping around like a flapper, so a building of another with its locale, we greatly appreciate and venerate the
generation looks ridiculous groomed to a point of con- signs of age abroad. I make the plea, therefore, in
spicuity. T o grow old decently is one of the supreme consistency, and gently pass the suggestion along to
achievements of mankind, and by substituting one the various committees for the preservation of the
noun for another I hold it a maxim for a building also. beauty of our cities, that suitable legislation be enacted
T h e reader may detect in the argument a trace of to provide against the possible growth or continuance
sentiment, but architecture, it will be found, is largely of the present practice of sand-blasting, steam-jetting,
a matter of sentiment. A n old brick wall, covered scraping, scrubbing, mopping, sponging, scouring, and
with moss and lichen, will often induce the layman to swabbing the externals of our buildings.
AN ILLUSTRATION FOR
"A P L E A F O R T H E W A S H I N G O F S T O N E B U I L D I N G S "
From the "Journal of the Royal Institute of British

Architects," November, 1929.
[22]
THE GEOMETRY OF A R C H I T E C T U R A L D R A F T I N G
PART 6—REALM OF THE SLIDING TRIANGLES
By Ernest Irving Freese

Copyright 1930 by the Author
EXTRANEOUS LINES are the outlaws of the the draftsman in the ready determination of the most
drafting-board. Freed from the rectangular restraint expeditious and convenient set-up or combination of
of the board-patrolling T-square and the T-square- the instruments to produce them. And they demand
traversing triangles, they spread out in all directions extreme care in the placement and holding of those
other than those that are established and controlled by instruments in position, as well as precise manipula-
the single or combined instruments in their normal tion and technique. Few draftsmen, indeed, are
"working positions." masters of the art of projecting extraneous lines—it
Here then, we enter the exclusive and undisputed is the one common deficiency in the expert's "bag of
realm of the "sliding triangles." The T-square be- tricks." Wherefore, be you student, cub, just plain
comes merely an extensive straightedge. Its hereto- "plugger," or chief, reach for your triangles and work
fore valuable function as a parallel ruler ceases to exist, out again every "problem" here shown, this time in
conformity with the technique of precise rendering
for it is no longer tied to the edge of the board. And
now to be applied to the projection of extraneous lines.
no longer are the triangles tied to that edge through its
This technique is progressively diagrammed in Figures
agency. The triangles have become deputized "free-
53, 54, and 55, herewith. And now for a very few
lances," operating always in fairs—one doing the
instructions to supplement these "talkative" diagrams.
directing, the other doing the straight shooting. And
they produce the required "outlaw" every time—as You will note in Figure 52 that an AB line, except
you shall see. one carrying an alternate set of key letters, must
There are but two classes of extraneous lines: those have two points given in order to fix it on the board.
that must be determined by construction, and those The CD lines are drawn through one point and in a
than can be produced by manipulation. For lines in direction perpendicular to a given line. The EF lines
the first class, two points must be given. For those in are projected through one point and in a direction
the other class, but one point need be given; the direc- •parallel with a given line. I n the two latter cases, the
tion being established by a known parallel, an existing required direction is therefore established by manipula-
perpendicular, or a given inherent angle in reference tion instead of by two-point construction. You will also
to another extraneous line. I n other words, there are note that in the instances where a line carries two sets
but four extraneous lines possible: one in the first class of key letters, such a line can be determined from
and three in the second. A n d presently I shall show either of the two thus-indicated conditions. The lines
you that the master "outlaw" of the first class—the CD' are measuring lines established by the mere act
line that must be drawn through two points, or proof laying the scale perpendicular to a given line. A l l
jected from one through a second to locate a third— diagrams carry the reference letters used in the former
can also be managed by simple manipulation: that is working out of these problems in foregoing Parts.
to say, that this bugbear of even the experienced drafts- I f you get "stuck," a back reference table is given in
man will be brought into conformity with the one easy the upper left-hand corner of the Figure.
and fast system of precise linear projection heretofore I n Diagram " 1 " of Figure 52, the point / is a
promulgated in Parts 4 and 5. tangent point. I t is therefore a normal point. Hence,
Now consider Figure 52. Here I have brought since a tangent is always perpendicular to a normal at
together, named and classified all the significant ex- the point of tangency, the required tangent, a f can}
traneous lines employed in the working out of the be projected either through the two given points a and
geometric problems incident to the illustration of the /, or through the one given point, /, and in a direction
subjects presented and discussed in foregoing Parts of perpendicular to g f . I n the latter case, it will then,
this work. This drawing substantiates a statement of necessity, pass through the other given point a.
made in Part 2: namely, that "drafting is a universal Similarly, the normal, or joint line, fm, can be pro-
and visible language." This drawing talks. And if jected through the two given points g and f , or through
you'll "listen i n " attentively and studiously, you'll learn either one of them and in a direction perpendicular to
many things therefrom that can be applied in a number the tangent af.
of ways differing from the applications shown. In Diagram " 2 , " the rail line, mm, can be drawn
While extraneous lines are certainly in the minority either through any two points established by perpen-
when the immense field of architectural drafting is dicular measurement from the paralleling line / / , or
encompassed, yet, when such lines are required, they it can be drawn through one such point and in a direc-
become the most important lines of the board. These tion established by its parallel.
are the lines which, in their fixation and projection, I n Diagram " 3 , " the perpendicular bisector can be
require the closest approach to accuracy attainable. drawn through the two points, / and k, established by
They call for ingenuity and resource on the part of the well-known Euclidean construction for bisecting a
[23]
124]
T H E G E O M E T R Y OF A R C H I T E C T U R A L D R A F T I N G— P A R T 6
offset parallels are assumed

as being too long for the
t r i a n g l e s a n d are here
drawn with the working
edge of the T - s q u a r e
placed in line with their
far-apart extremities: the
points marking these ex-
tremities being determined
by equal rectangular meas-
urement from the given
bisector or plan axis. This
is the one rare case where
parallels are produced by
construction rather than by
manipulation. Where
F I G U R E 53—TWO POINTS G I V E N many of these long par-
alells occur, it would prove
straight line, or it can be projected through any one more expeditious, and far more convenient, to shift the
point equidistant from ;' and h, and in a direction per- drawing on the board so as to bring these awkward
pendicular to the chord jh. extraneous lines into congruency with some "inherent"
I n Diagram " 4 , " the AB line, ee'\ of the opposite- line of the instruments: which process has been fully
sloping rake is established in direction by symmetrical explained and exemplified in Part 3.
construction about the center line of the gable. This I n Diagram " 8 , " the required stress line ce must
construction is done without measurement; the process parallel the given truss line 72-5. Hence, as explained
being as indicated by the directing arrows shown in in Part 5, this line could be produced by constructing a
the Diagram—in this case utilizing the "inherent" similar triangle of which cl would be the median
lines of the T-square and 45-degree triangle to locate corresponding to the median 12-5 of the given triangle
the point e . The required rake line ee' is then pro- 5-7-5, or it could be projected through the one given
jected through the two given points e and / . Each point c and parallel with the given truss line 12-5, or
other respectively-sloping line of the rectilinear scroll is parallel with the median 1g of another similar triangle,
then drawn through one given point on the center line, 3fg, or parallel with the prolongation gh of this
and in a direction paralleling the line ee''. median. The bounding lines of the triangles are here
I n Diagram " 5 , " it has been made apparent that seen to be "inherent" obliques, but the "median" is an
the line mo is the perpendicular bisector of the chord extraneous line.
Ic. Hence, the center o could be located by projecting Now refer to Figure 53, Diagram " A , " which indi-
a line no, perpendicular to Ic, through the one point n, cates the progressive technique of producing the most
or through any other one point equidistant from the notorious "outlaw" of them all—it might be any one
ends of the given chord Ic. of the AB lines of Figure 52, or it might be any other
I n Diagram " 6 , " the upper slope of the outstanding extraneous line that requires to be projected accurately
profile of the chimney top weathering, which here through two given points that come within reach of a
conforms to the roof slope of Diagram " 4 , " could be triangle hypotenuse. W i t h the point of the dividers,
independently established by two points from the given slightly indent the two given points, A and B, and
"rise and r u n , " or it could be drawn through any one identify them with a penciled ring. Then bring to-
predetermined point and in a direction paralleling the gether the two triangles that you reached for a while
corresponding rake of the roof. The batter line of back. Call one of them K. This is the directing
the offset brick courses is a "construction" line that triangle. Call the other M. This is the -projecting
one—the one that does the straight shooting. Now,
marks the intersection points of the vertical and hori-
zontal faces of the step-
ping. Any such line, once
determined, can be used to
determine the opposite-slop-
ing batter by applying the
principle of s y m m e t r i c a l
construction suggested in
the Diagram: this being
done, however, by employ-
ing the "inherent" lines of
the instruments as indicated
by the directing arrows.
' I n Diagram " 7 , " the F I G U R E 54—ONE P O I N T AND A P A R A L L E L G I V E N
[25]
maintaining the two in solid conjunction, and making holding M firm. Then hold K, slide M out of die
use of both hands, move an edge of M into full con- way, place the T-square, N, in touch with K, slide K
tact with the two points—not for the purpose of draw- out of the way, and project the required line along N
ing the line, but for the purpose of establishing its with the same pencil that originally stopped M in
direction. There's a vast difference: for the latter correct drafting-position relative to the given points.
purpose the instrument can be brought into actual This projecting should be done in accordance with the
touch, or into exact center alignment, with the two "finger-walking" technique heretofore fully explained
points, whereas, for the former purpose, a guesswork in Part 4 (in connection with the analogous free use
allowance must be made for the thickness of the line of the T-square for the prolongation of horizontals)
and the condition of the pencil point. Now observe and illustrated therein at Figure 28. Or, as an alter-
that, by virtue of a two-part straightedge, the project- nate method often usable, a required third point in
ing portion can be slid backward or forward on the either direction beyond the reach of the projecting
firmly-held directing portion without altering the triangle can quickly be located in accordance with the
established direction of the former's ruling edge. method shown in Part 5, at Figure 48, for the pro-
Hence, by finger-operation of the hand that now holds longation of inherent obliques: that is, by sliding M
K firmly to the board, slide M on K out of touch with
y along the directing edge of the shifted triangle K.
the given points. Place the pencil at one of the given This, of course, obviates the use of the T-square in
points, say A. Slide M into touch with the pencil and such cases.
project the required line which, of necessity, will reg- A t " B " in Figure 53 is shown the common "eye
ister exactly with the other given point B. I n choos- ball" method of drawing an extraneous or "Euclidean"
ing the one point of the given two, determine on the line between two given points. Note that but one
one from which or through which the required line "ruler" is used instead of two. Hence, the o?ic instru-
can be drawn by dragging the pencil instead of push- ment, either a triangle or the T-square, must be
ing it. I n the case of point projection, rather than brought into drafting-position alignment with the two
line projection, the pencil, after the projecting triangle given points by a time-wasting series of "try-it-and-
has been slid to a gentle stop thereagainst, can be see" tests as shown. I t is slower in actual execution
directly shifted either one way or the other along the than the two-ruler method explained above. I n only
edge of the instrument to the vicinity of the third one rare instance need it be resorted to: namely, when
point required. So, always, when you must draw an the two given points occur no closer together, or can
accurate extraneous line, reach for two triangles not be brought any closer together, than the length of
instead of one. That's the whole secret. It's easy. the longest hypotenuse of the available triangles. I n
And, once the habit is acquired, any such line can be this one case, the points should then be fixed as far
drawn with the utmost precision and dispatch. O f apart as possible and still remain within reach of the
course, if it appears more convenient, the T-square, T-square. I n this way, any possible error of devia-
Lj can be utilized as the directing instrument, or slid- tion from the true projection of the line would then
ing-base, instead of the triangle K. But now suppose be diminished at any intermediate point on the line,
that the required line must be prolonged beyond the whereas, if the points were closer together, necessitat-
reach of the projecting triangle's edge, as, for example, ing a prolongation, the error would be increased at
the building line, jp, of Diagram " 7 , " Figure 52, or any point on the prolongation, thus reaching a maxi-
the extended line lh of Diagram " 8 " in the same mum accumulated deviation at the end of the line. A
Figure. I n the one case, the two given points are k case in point is the projection of the T-square-drawn
and o and in the other
y
case they are 1 and g. I n

both cases these points are
within triangle reach, but
the r e q u i r e d l i n e must be
p r o j e c t e d beyond such
reach. A l l right: in each
case call the given points
A and B, and refer again
to Figure 53, Diagram
"A." Proceed as there
indicated up to and includ-
ing stage " 3 , " that is, slide
the projecting triangle into
touch with the pencil but
draw no line. Instead,
remove the pencil and, as
shown at stage " 4 " by the
dotted o u t l i n e s , shift K
into contact with the ruling
edge of My meanwhile
F I G U R E 55—ONE P O I N T AND A P E R P E N D I C U L A R G I V E N
[26]
T H E G E O M E T R Y OF A R C H I T E C T U R A L D R A F T I N G — PART 6
OAMUT^ EXTRANEOUS CO^/NAT/OMS

,k° IV/TH THE 'LTL/D/NG T&/ANGLEJ- rr
22^° TR/ANGLE
•30 ° TP/ANGLE
*/5~° TP/ANGLE.
VVAIBE&S WD/CATE
QBCEfLp^tPLAC/NG
<3\
d^ tl fi* .-'*•-'•• G Of H• THE ONE G/YEN PO/NT , 9&
EACH OF THE /2 COA\&/NA T/ONS tV/LL

PRODUCE A/VY ONE OFFOUR ROS3/SLE
L/NE-3 FRO/* A GIVEN PO/NT: ONE A3
FIGURE 56—"INHERENT" ANGLES R E F E R R E D TO A GIVEN EXTRANEOUS LINE
offset parallels of Diagram " 7 , " Figure 52. The will enable him to cope successfully with any condi-
possible error of accumulated deviation has here been tion that could occur on the board—even though the
avoided by fixing the given points at the far-apart given point and the given line be nearly the board's
extremities of the needed lines—in fact beyond the length or width apart. A n instance of this is shown at
extremities. Finally, in the cases of tangents, Figures 47 and 49, in Part 5, which Figures indicate
normals and perpendicular bisectors, the condition of alternate methods of placing and manipulating the
having to draw such a line between two given points sliding instruments to project the given point c (shown
can, as indicated by the two sets of key letters which herewith at Diagram " 8 , " Figure 52) in a direction
such lines carry in Figure 52, be entirely avoided by paralleling the given truss line 12-5. Figure 54
reducing the condition to one given point and refer- makes it clear that, after the initial set-up of the in-
ring the direction to another given line. The notations struments is determined, the process of projecting an
heretofore given pertaining to the diagrams of Figure extraneous parallel through one point, is identical with
52 make these alternatives evident. the process of projecting any extraneous line through
Figure 54 dictates the manipulation and technique two points. I n other words, it's just slide, slide, draw!
of projecting extraneous parallels. The one given The two "slowed down" reels of four exposures
point is T, and it is required to draw a line through each, shown in Figure 55, apply to the projection of
this point paralleling a given line, or direction, AB. extraneous perpendiculars. The one given point is C,
The resultant required line is EF. I t is representative and it is required to draw a line through this point that
of all the EF lines of Figure 52, being the rake line, shall be perpendicular to a given line, or given direc-
de, of Diagram " 4 " in particular. The relative position, AB. A t Diagram " A " the given point is not
tion of the instruments in the initial set-up at stage on the given line, but at Diagram " B " it is. Other-
" 1 , " Figure 54, will, of course, be governed by the wise the two methods are identical. The resultant
relative positions of the given point and the given line. required line is CD, and it is typical of all CD lines
A little ingenuity and practice on the draftsman's part of Figure 52. As before, after the initial set-up has
[27]
degree diagram, it is supposed that the given line would

be placed in shadow by the direct placement of tri-
angle A therealong, thus rendering an accurate regis-
tration with the line doubtful. Where this would
actually be the case, first place the aligner / (which
could be any other triangle, say B) on that side of
the line which leaves the line unshadowed. The
aligning triangle, / , then accurately establishes the
direction of A, which latter is then placed in contact
as shown and the aligner removed. Triangle B is
then placed in contact with A, and A is then shifted to
the hypotenuse of B, the latter being firmly held to the
board. The pencil is then placed at the given point,
A is slid into contact therewith, and the required line,
GH, drawn. I n the 6 7 - d e g r e e diagram, the now
well known combination, K and N, for prolonging
any triangle line is indicated in dotted outlines. I n the
90-degree diagram, it is plainly evident that the
placing and manipulation, as well as the technique,
exactly corresponds with the detailed procedures of
Figures 54 and 55 for projecting parallels and perpen-
diculars. Three of the diagrams given in this Figure
are indicative of the typical geometric addition and sub-
traction of angles. I n the 373^-degree diagram, for
instance, the "inherent" combination angle of 37/^
degrees added to the given extraneous angle b, yields
the required extraneous angle c, or a required extrane-
ous line OQ, in which case the given line becomes OP.
Hence, the placement of the instruments should be
adjusted to the line OP to produce the above results,
instead of to the line OQ. The 15-degree diagram
••AI/ON/NO TP/ANGLE
•-D/&ECT/NG T/R/ANGLE
••D/GECT/NG TSQUAfiE
--P/XX/ECT/NG T/P/ANGLE
--PPOJECT/NG T-5QUAXE ^ \
f / K ) TH/G,T/Ef
F I G U R E 57—SOME I N S T R U M E N T A L MANIPULATIONS
been made, it's merely a case of slide, slide, drawl

Figure 56 shows the manner of placing and manipu-
lating the "sliding triangles" to produce the fourth
and last "outlaw" of the four—the line that always
takes a direction making an "inherent" angle with a
given extraneous line. The one given point is either
G or H, depending on whether it occurs off or on the
given line. The given line, so designated in the 2 2 ^ -
degree, 5 2Yz -degree and 90-degree diagrams, is any
extraneous line on the board. The given angle is any
one of the 12 possible angles shown in the Figure—
any one of them being producible by the combined
triangles shown thereon when referred to the given
line as a base. The resultant required line is GH, so
designated on the 5 2 / -degree set-up. I n case the
1
2
given line is not extensive enough to accommodate the

placing of the first triangle, then, as indicated on the
22^-degree diagram, the initial set-up can be accom-
plished as shown in dotted outlines, and the directing W/SAIADE E/1 EAAIOLLT:
r
TO F/NO THE CENTER O,

triangle, C in this case, then slid along A to the re- Z_ o/i/£A/ THE CHoao Ic
quired position shown in solid outline. Then transfer AMD THE AJOeMAL I f
A from the dotted-outline position to the solid-outline
position designated as 2 in this diagram. I n the S2]/ - 2
F I G U R E 58—"SLIDE, K E L L Y — S L I D E !
[28]
T H E G E O M E T R Y OF A R C H I T E C T U R A L D R A F T I N G— P A R T 6
suggests the arrangement, though the angle is differ- Figure 56. I t is of general application, and should be
ent. Again, in the 60-degree diagram, the inherent borne in mind in all cases where such a condition must
angle of 60 degrees is subtracted from the given ex- be met.
traneous angle b, thus yielding another required Diagram " 3 , " of Figure 57, illustrates some purely
extraneous angle c. Finally, as the 82^-degree instrumental manipulations which, in this case, elimi-
diagram depicts, the supplement of any given or con- nate the use of the compass entirely. I t is here sup-
structed angle is easily procured by simply prolonging posed, as in the original presentation and alternate
one line of the two past the common point of inter- solution of this same problem in Part 4, that the arch
section: that is, by subtracting the angle from 180 is to be laid out f u l l size. Hence, all required extrane-
degrees. ous lines are longer than can be directly projected with
One of the most useful extraneous lines on the the triangles. This is how: From g project a 45-
board, considered in its geometric significance, is the degree inherent oblique to v. W i t h a paper strip,
perpendicular bisector of the chord of a circular arc. transfer vh to gj. From / and h project extraneous
It always -passes through the center of the circle. lines making an angle of 45 degrees with jh. Their
Hence, its projected i n t e r s e c t i o n w i t h a given crossing locates /, which is a point on the perpendicular
"normal," or with a "line of centers," or with any bisector of /'/*, since, by construction, it is made equi-
"radial" or diametral line, or with the perpendicular distant from the ends thereof. Place L in line with
bisector of another chord of the same circle, imme- gh. Hold L and slide M into contact with the pencil
diately locates the required center. For instance, in placed at /. This establishes the perpendicular, but
Figure 57, Diagram " 1 , " assume that c and / are the it is not long enough. Hence, hold M, remove the
given spring and crown points of half of any segmental pencil, and place K in contact with M. The edge of
arch. The vertical center line is also given. Locate A* then precisely establishes the drafting position and
any one point, n, equidistant from the ends c and / of the direction of the prolonging T-square. Wherefore,
the imaginary chord cl. This point will lie on the hold K firm, remove M, substitute A", slide K out of
perpendicular bisector of that chord. Hence, by the the way and project the required perpendicular along
exceedingly simple manipulation shown in the diagram, the edge of N with the same pencil that was used to
the center, o, can be found. I t is merely the process stop M at /. Points 1 and 2 are the centers sought.
of projecting the one given point, n in a direction
y
Harness the T-square to pins placed at these points,
perpendicular to the given chord Ic. Note that this after the manner illustrated at Figure 51, Part 5, and
could be applied to the problem of Diagram " 5 , " Fig- draw the arch ring curves. The two arcs of each
ure 52—the same reference letters being used in both curve will meet tangent to one another on the perpen-
instances. I f the given chord (or the given points de- dicular bisector which, in this case, is a normal common
fining its qxtremities) happens to occur in a position on to both arcs—another thing worth remembering.
the board where the directing triangle K would cast Figure 58 acquaints you with some interesting and
the points in shadow, and thus render accurate align- speedy capers of the 30-degree "twins." The stunt
ment therewith impossible, then first place an aligning staged at act " 7 " is particularly "happy," especially
triangle / on the other side of the line or points and when the required perpendicular bisector is just out of
place K in touch with / . Then, holding K firm, shift reach of a single triangle's edge. This performance,
/ to position M to project the required perpendicular. as you will note, bears the same reference letters as
This alternate aligning method to avoid shadowed heretofore used at Figure 52, Diagram " 5 , " and
lines is indicated at Diagram " 2 , " in Figure 57, and is Figure 57, Diagram " 1 , " thus indicating its applica-
another application of the same expedient heretofore tion to those cases. I t is also a practical and useful
noted in connection with the 5 2J-4 -degree diagram of alternative of the "shadow-avoiding" expedient sug-
gested in the second diagram of Figure 57.
[29]
[30]
T H E RICKER MANUSCRIPT TRANSLATIONS-X
VIOLLET'LE'DUCTS "RATIONAL DICTIONARY OF FRENCH ARCHITECTURE
FROM THE ELEVENTH TO THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY," V O L U M E V I
by Thomas E. O'Donnell
T H E S I X T H V O L U M E of Viollet-le-Duc's Ra- executed from the original drawings by Viollet-le-Duc.

tional Dictionary carries the same sustained interest as The illustrations of this article are taken from the
the earlier volumes of the set. The student of French original volume, while the text is a review of the
architecture of this period—Eleventh to Sixteenth translation.
Century—will find here a wealth of material offering Of die many subjects treated in this volume, the
suggestions and inspiration. Throughout the volume following are perhaps of the greatest interest to the
there is a reflection, and often a detailed account, of the average designer and draftsman: the gable, especially
life of the French people of the period, and thus the those beautiful French tracery or pediment gables such
various accounts make up an excellent background to as are found over the front entrance of the Cathedral
a study of French architectural forms of the Middle of Rouen; the gallery, particularly those of the "kings"
Ages, and their meaning. and "saints" which form ornamental bands across the
About one hundred terms of architectural signifi- fagades of the French Cathedrals, such as those of
cance are covered, all of which have been translated Notre Dame, Paris; French door knockers, of curi-
and included in the Ricker Translations. The orig- ous Gothic design; the gargoyle, its use and its varied
inal, in keeping with the other volumes, is generously and grotesque forms; the grille, many beautiful ex-
illustrated by fine engravings, most of which were amples of ornamental copper, bronze, and iron grilles
A dormer of the late French Gothic period. The steep A tracery gable, typical of those on French cathedrals of
roofs of this period were greatly enhanced by their the fully developed Gothic work. These were to accent
decorative features. From Viollet-le-Duc's article on or crown the main portals, and permitted the use of a
"dormers." gallery back of them.
[31 ]
in its many forms, the most interesting being those

exterior galleries—which served both as narrow
passageways and as decorative bands across the facades
of churches and cathedrals of the period. In the trans-
lation we read: "The architects of the Middle Ages
established, in their great monuments, service corri-
dors at different heights in order to make the over-
sight and maintenance easy. The high facades of
cathedrals, for example, were divided into several
stories by galleries that allowed communication from
the interior to the exterior. Our French cathedrals
in the north, built about the beginning of the X I I I
Century, whose facades have been completed, are
decorated by superimposed galleries. The facade of
Notre Dame of Paris, which was erected between the
years 1210 and 1225, presents over the portals a first
gallery, very rich in effect, and whose intercolumnia-
tions are filled by colossal statues of the Kings of
Judah." This is commonly called the "gallery of the
Kings." The cathedrals of Amiens and Rheims also
have galleries of this type above the portals. The
gallery of the kings on Notre Dame is considered the
oldest, and serves as a crown from the portals. That
on the Cathedral of Amiens occupies a similar position
"Gallery of Kings"—typical of those used on the facades

of Trench Gothic cathedrals. From Viollet-le-Duc's
article on "galleries."
for various forms of screens, guards, and railings; the

history and early use of clocks, and many other devices
included in architectural ensembles of the period;
dormers, of the varied and interesting types found on
many French structures of the time; the mats on or
French house, is shown in its many different phases and
uses, both town and country types; tracery, its design
and construction is shown and explained in every
detail; and such a subject as joinery, which includes an
almost infinite variety of forms, is fully and interest-
ingly presented.
A l l of the above subjects and many others in the
volume are well worthy of a full detailed account, but
space here will permit of a consideration of a limited
number only, which will be reviewed in some detail
and may be taken as typical of the treatment of the
other subjects in the volume.
The first subject treated is the gable, as it was de-
veloped in the churches and cathedrals of northern
France. Viollet-le-Duc traces its origin from its begin-
ning in carpentry, down through its various forms,
translation into stone, and finally into those fantastic
stone-lace creations which were used to crown the
A typical example of the maison or French town house
entrances to some of the finest cathedrals of France,
of the Middle Ages. These were often a combination
such as the one illustrated here. of shop, below, with living quarters in the two upper
His next subject is the gallery, which he discusses stories. From Viollet-le-Duc's article on the "maison."
[32]
T H E R1CKER M A N U S C R I P T T R A N S L A T I O N S — X
over the portals, and is considered one of the most

beautiful examples.
The gargoyle, which dates from the beginning of
the X I I I Century in French architecture, is given due
consideration by Viollet-le-Duc. He traces its origin
and development and uses and shows it in many of its
naive forms. Strange as it may seem, gutters were
not used on great church edifices until the first
centuries of the Middle Ages, the water from the
roofs falling directly upon the streets by means of the
projection of the cornices. After gutters were intro-
duced the water was carried off through grooves
provided for this purpose. Gargoyles seem to have
been first used about 1220 on certain parts of the
Cathedral of Laon. Even at this early date the
gargoyle had been developed in the form of fanciful
animals. "The architects of the X I I I Century soon
recognized that there was a considerable advantage in
dividing the water spouts," thus carrying off the roof
water at many points rather than at a few. This
"avoided long slopes in the gutter, and reduced each
stream to a very small streamlet of water which would
not injure the lower construction. Thus the gargoyles
were multiplied, and in increasing them they could
be cut finer and more slender, and the sculptors took
possession of those projecting stones to make an orna-
A detail of French Gothic tracery, showing method of

laying-out, sections, etc. From Viollet-le-Duc's article
on "tracery."
mental motive for the edifices. Many of them are

masterpieces of sculpture; there is an entire world of
animals and persons composed with great energy and
boldly cut by skillful hands. The diversity of forms
given to gargoyles is prodigious," and according to
Viollet-le-Duc, "no two of them are alike in France."
A large group of gargoyles were shown in his original
volume.
The grille or enclosure of ornamental bronze or
iron is discussed and illustrated in a very interesting
and comprehensive manner. Anyone who is interested
in designs and details of construction of French orna-
mental grille work of the Middle Ages will find useful
and authentic material here. Viollet-le-Duc traces the
historic development showing the changes in materials,
method of working and resulting designs, which were
characteristic of that period. He explains in detail how
each part was formed and how the whole design was
assembled, and gives many detailed sketches showing
the construction.
Although some of the oldest preserved grilles to be
found in France are of bronze and of Roman or
Byzantine inspiration, yet "wrought iron was in
A decorative niche, in the form of a tracery window, common use from a very early period in Gaul, and
with small niches containing statues set into the inner was by preference adopted for all open enclosures
fanels. From Viollet-le-Duc^ article on the "niche." made in France during the Middle Ages. The art of
[33]
A French church door knocker, An example of a decorative wrought iron The "Tree of Jesses-
in Gothic design. Many beau- grille, tyfical of metal-craft work of the typical of the sculptured
tiful examples of these still Middle Ages. From Viollet-le-Duc's article symbols on French churches
exist. From Viollet-le-Duc. on "The Grille." of the Middle Ages.
the smith was highly developed and singularly per- architect has made the most of this utilitarian device
fected during the X I and X I I Centuries." A l l work and has turned it into a beautiful roof decoration.
of the fabrication of the metal was, during that period, The dormer came as a logical requirement of the
done by hand forging and the hammer work of the steep, high roof of the Gothic period, where it often
artisan was ever present on the finished product. This became economically necessary to use the attic space.
distinguishing feature is of course lacking in the modern The disposition of dormers on the roof, their construc-
machine-made product, consequently modern work is tion, covering, decoration, etc., are all carefully con-
not so highly prized. After showing the different sidered, and well illustrated.
steps made in the structural development of grille work, For those interested in the French house the dis-
Viollet-le-Duc then discusses the different types of cussion given on the maison, for either town or
grilles designed for specific purposes; such as railings, country, will be of interest. The various elements
gates, window grilles, protective grilles, etc. A n excel- entering into the plan of the French house are all care-
lent collection of illustrations accompany his discussion. fully considered in view of the use of the house, and
The lucarne, or dormer, is another interesting sub- the customs of the French of the Middle Ages. When
ject considered in this volume. The history of the these are understood, the many motives, which seem
dormer and its use are traced through the various stages out of place to us, seem logical enough, and a better
of development to the very fanciful and decorative understanding of the French house will be the result.
types of the late Gothic period. According to Viollet- The history and development of the several types—
le-Duc dormers may be divided into two groups country houses, town houses, and provincial manor
according to their construction and position on the houses—are each treated somewhat in detail.
roof; first, those having stone or masonry front wall, A subject of interest to the student of French Gothic
which wall usually comes immediately above the architecture is that found here on French tracery,
cornice line, or may even be an upward extension, which is explained and illustrated in detail. The plates
through the cornice, of the main wall of the building; showing the method of laying out tracery work, and
second, dormers of carpentry, usually much smaller, details of construction seem to be of special value.
and often constructed higher up on the slope of the French joinery of this period is also treated in a detailed
roof. I n either case the purpose of the dormer is manner, and is illustrated by many plates showing
primarily to light the attic space. But the French methods of construction.
[34]
T H E R I C K E R M A N U S C R I P T T R A N S L A T I O N S —X
Many accessories to the architecture of die Middle Duc contains much of interest, and although it is con-
Ages are briefly but clearly described, such as clocks, cerned in portraying the character of the architecture
weathervanes, door knockers, labyrinthe floor tiles, of the Middle Ages, yet it imparts a store of informa-
mosaic, inlays, chimneys, and chimney caps, French tion that every architect should know and offers
gardens, and loggias. inspiration in certain fields that may be readily applied
Taken as a whole, this sixth volume of Viollet-le- in modern work.
^« example of French joinery of the Middle Ages.

Churches and cathedrals contained many beautiful
screens, etc., of carved wood. From Viollet-le-Duc's
article on "joinery."
[35 |
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[36]
VOLUME X I NUMBER 1
This drawing by Ernest Born was made with black

crayon on a creamy-white paper. It shows the
upper and lower churches at Assisi. Like his other
drawings shown in the November, 1929, issue this
example was done at a generous size, the original
being approximately two feet high.
[37]
FROM A CRAYON DRAWING BY E R N E S T BORN
C H U R C H O F SAN F R A N C I S C O , ASSISI
P E N C I L POIN
P E N C I L P O I N T S FOR J A N U A R Y , 1930
VOLUME X I NUMBER 1
"Some details and sections of carved -pillars and

first-floor arcade of patio are shown on this plate"
A. N . PRENTICE.
[39]
RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE A N D O R N A M E N T I N SPAIN
A P L A T E FROM T H E WORK B Y ANDREW N . PRENTICE
PENCIL POINT.
PENCIL POINTS SERIES
of
COLOR PLATES
The decoration for this ceiling, which is shown
in black and white elsewhere in this issue, was
designed and executed by Carlo Ciampaglia in
full collaboration zvith Harry Sternfeld, architect
of the residence in which it occurs. The room-
was 18 feet by 35 feet in plan and about 11 feet
high. The big cross beams were 12" wide, which
will give an idea of the scale of the ornament.
The portion of the drawing reproduced in en or
1
measured 9J/2" x 12^" in the original. The

decoration was first drawn carefully in pencil on
illustrators' board and a transparent wash was run
over the whole layout to simulate the color of the
ivood. The shadows were then cast and the
colored ornament was finally rendered with trans-
parent water color using sufficient pigment to
cover the initial wash. Chinese white was used
for the white portions of the design.
WESTERN U N I O N TELEGRAPH COMPANY BUILDING, N E W YORK—VOORHEES, G M E L I N , & W A L K E R , ARCHITECTS
FROM AN O i l . P A I N T I N G B Y C H E S T E R B. PRICE
PENCIL POINTS SERIES
of
COLOR PLATES
Chester B. Price is known -particularly for his
drawings in black and white but occasionally he
works in color. The subject of this plate is or.e
0f his recent paintings m oil. It was done on shade
cloth and measured 25y " 2 x 36*$?. Preliminary
studies for composition zvere made in charcoal at
small scale and at the final size of the painting.
After the composition was determined, a color
study in thin oil was made about 12" high. The
perspective layout for the final drawing was made
with a hard pencil directly on the shade cloth and
the pa:nt:ng was begun with thin oil and finished
with full body color.
VOLUME X I NUMBER I
We are glad to present here a rendering by Schell

Lewis showing a small, well designed building.
On another page in this issue we have reproduced
a portion of this drawing at the exact size of the
original.
[42]
VOLUME X I NUMBER 1
This recent dry-point by Samuel Chamberlain

demonstrates that the artist is as much at home with
an American subject as he is with those of old
Europe. It is reproduced here at the exact size at
which it ivas drawn on the copper.
[44]
PENCIL POINTS FOR J A N U A R Y , 1 9 3 0
were high in excellence, so much so that the Jury had a

long first day's work i n eliminating, by unanimous vote
only, enough to bring the group down to a number making
possible real consideration.
A t the end of the first day six sets o f drawings had
been selected and placed i n a separate room, and in the
morning o f the second day's work this number was reduced
to four. T h e final vote was unanimous f o r number 9 4 ,
submitted by Eric Guglcr and Roger Bailey. T h e feel-
ing o f the Jury was that this solution gave a response
which satisfied not only the monumental demands o f the
program, but had a strong spiritual appeal, i n that it
created an enclosed space in which the sarcophagus, repre-
senting those men whom the war had not l e f t with us,
had the dignity o f resting in the seclusion created by the
surrounding colonnade.
This monument was also commended as open in design
so that the lake could be seen through i t f r o m the city. Its
isolation as an island on which i t could be set among its
own foliage surroundings also appealed to the Jury.
T h e scheme awarded the second prize, submitted by
Benjamin H . Marshall, had also been liked by the Jury
f r o m the first, but had been set aside f o r various reasons,
one being the likelihood of its extreme cost. I t had, how-
ever, some o f the qualities o f the first prize, i n that i t
would not block off the view o f the lake f r o m the city, and
in that i t created the same seclusion f o r the memory of
the dead. T h e vote f o r second prize f o r this project was
also unanimous.
T h e other two projects which were placed in the sep-
arate room and which we might unofficially call three and
four, could not, under the terms o f the program, be
officially placed, as only the first and second prizes are to
be o f official record. One o f these submitted, by Voorhees,
J O H N F. H A R B E S O N
Gmelin, and Walker, showed a magnificent progression of
W E ARE GLAD to present in this issue the first of a series stone verticals, projecting into the lake in the shape o f
of articles by M r . Harbcson on How to Design in the the prow o f a vessel, and rising into the sky as they
Modern Manner. M r . Harbeson is well known to our progress. This was rightly admired as a striking and
readers as the author o f " T h e Study o f Architectural original design. T h e last of the four, submitted by
Design" which ran several years ago in P E N C I L POINTS Nimmons, Carr, and Wright, was admired by the Jury as
and has since been published i n book f o r m . the best o f a series of solutions of the shaft type. T h e
M r . Harbcson was born in Philadelphia in 1 8 8 8 . H e plan is almost irreproachable, and i t is an open, well
began his architectural training at the School o f Architec- studied presentation of the subject.
ture o f the University of Pennsylvania, where he received In making the recommendations and awards the Jury
his B. S. in Architecture and the Arthur Spayd Brooke made no effort to learn the identity o f the various com-
Gold Medal in Design i n 1 9 1 0 and his Master's Degree i n petitors and remained in ignorance o f such identity until
1911. While at the University M r . Harbeson was an after the awards were made.
editor o f the Pennsylvanian and art editor o f the Class (Signed for the Jury of Award) JOHN M E A D HOWELLS.
Record of 1 9 1 0 and was a member of Sigma X I Honorary
Fraternity. I n 1 9 1 3 he won the Cope Prize of the Phil- The winning designs and some of the others w i l l be
adelphia Chapter of the American Institute of Architects published in the February issue o f P E N C I L POINTS.
and T-Square Club. H e was President o f the T-Square
Club from 1 9 1 4 to 1 9 1 7 when it built its new clubhouse T H E JAMES HARRISON S T E E D M A N M E M O R I A L
on Quince Street. FELLOWSHIP I N ARCHITECTURE
M r . Harbeson is now an associate i n the firm of Paul P. THE GOVERNING COMMITTEE of the James Harrison
Cret, Chairman o f the Departments o f Architecture and Steedman Memorial Fellowship in Architecture announces
Landscape Architecture at the School o f Fine Arts o f the the fifth competition f o r this Fellowship, to be held in
University of Pennsylvania; an instructor in Perspective, the Spring o f the year 1 9 3 0 .
and an architectural adviser in the Sculpture Class i n This Fellowship is founded in memory o f James
Composition at the Pennsylvania Academy o f Fine Arts i n Harrison Steedman, M . E . , Washington U n i v e r s i t y — 1 8 8 9 ,
Philadelphia. First Lieutenant U . S. Naval Reserves, Assistant Engineer
Officer U . S. S. Oklahoma i n 1 9 1 7 and 1 9 1 8 , who at the
ARCHITECTURAL COMPETITION F O R A age of fifty, suffering f r o m a malady curable only by rest,
refused to quit his post and knowingly made the great
WAR MEMORIAL, CITY O F CHICAGO
sacrifice.
REPORT OF T H E J U R Y OF AWARD
T h e value o f this Fellowship is represented by an annual
O N E HUNDRED AND FOURTEEN sets o f drawings were sub- award of Fifteen Hundred Dollars, to assist well quali-
mitted in this competition, and o f these a large number fied architectural graduates to benefit by a year i n travel
[45]
and the study of architecture in foreign countries, as PRATT ARCHITECTURAL CLUB

determined by the Committee and under the guidance THE ANNUAL FALL DINNER of the club, held at the
and control o f the School o f Architecture o f Washington Fraternity Club in New York, was one o f the happiest and
University. most enthusiastic gatherings in the club's history—which
This Fellowship is open on equal terms to all graduates is no faint praise. W i t h M r . Joseph Cummings Chase,
in architecture of recognized architectural schools o f the nationally known portrait painter, decorator, author, and
United States. Such candidates must be American citizens fellow Pratt alumnus, as our guest-speaker, all present came
of good moral character, and shall have had at least one expecting a good time, and found i t .
year o f practical work in the office o f an architect prac-
ticing in St. Louis, M o . , before being entitled to assume M r . Chase, in a charming talk interwoven with reminis-
the benefits o f the Fellowship. A l l candidates shall be cences and philosophy inspired by a busy and happy l i f e
between twenty-one and thirty-one years o f age at the of achievement, held his audience captnated to the end.
time o f appointment to this Fellowship. The formal closing o f the dinner was merely the excuse
to gather around the piano to sing all the old time songs
Application blanks f o r registration can be obtained at
in a loud and lusty, i f not always an entirely harmonious,
any time upon written request addressed to the head o f
manner.
the School o f Architecture of Washington University,
St. Louis, M o . , to whom application blanks properly filled A number o f new faces appeared that night which en-
out must be returned not later than January 25, 1930. couraged the Membership Committee greatly. Our big
Any requests f o r supplementary information relative to objective f o r this year is "500 members and a permanent
the rules and regulations governing the Competition shall home." W i t h the help of all good Pratt Architects we
be made at the same time. are sure to make i t .
Any candidate who holds a degree not conferred by The Tuesday luncheons w i l l continue all through the
Washington University must submit with his application a year at the Fraternity Club. A l l Pratt men and their
transcript of the record of his scholastic work. friends are welcome.
Each application must bear the endorsement of three The next social event w i l l be the Bridge-Dance on
members o f the American Institute o f Architects, one o f Saturday, February 1st. (Please note the change from
whom at least must be a resident o f the Citv of St. Louis. previous date.) Special notices w i l l be sent out giving
f u l l details in ample time f o r all to practice up on their
cards and their footwork.
BOSTON A R C H I T E C T U R A L BOWLING LEAGUE

T H E STANDING o f teams in the Boston Architectural Bowl-
ing League on December 4th was as follows:
TEAM W. L.
Densmore, LeClear and Robbins 31 9
N . E. Power 31 9
Coolidge, Sheplcy, Bullinch, and Abbott 30 10
Monks and Johnson 25 15
Hutchins and French 20 20
Chas. T . Main, Inc. 16 24
J. W . Beal Sons IS 25
J. H . Ritchie and Associates 15 25
Adden, Parker, Clinch, and Crimp 13 27
J. D . Leland and Co. 4 36
FIRST TEN AVERAGES
1. Davis—(H. and F.) 96-11/30
2. Reid— ( D . LcC. and R.) 95-19/30
3. Biagi—(C. S. B . and A . ) 94-29/30
4. Bullock—(D. LeC. and R.) . 93-18/30
5. W e r n e r — ( N . E. P.) 93- 5/21
6. W i l s o n — ( M . and J.) ' 93- 6 / 3 0
7. Gader—(N. E . P.) 92-16/30
8. M a k e r — ( M . and J.) 91-16/30
9. Buckley—(N. E. P.) 91-12/30
10. Distefano—(A. P. C. and C.) 91- 9/30
A further report on the standing of the teams will be
issued next month.
A R C H I T E C T U R A L L E A G U E OF G R E A T E R M I A M I
T H E NEXT ANNUAL exhibition of the Architectural League
of Miami w i l l be held during the month of February i n
the News Tower Building on Biscayne Boulevard. T h e
League holds monthly meetings at which time various
problems are discussed. Richard Kiehnel is president;
PENCIL A N D WASH DRAWING BY R O L A N D A. W A N K and Anthony dc H . Zink is secretary.
46
AMERICAN ACADEMY I N ROME

COLLABORATIVE PROBLEM FOR 1929
T H E SUBJECT OF the collaborative problem for 1929 was
A Combined Casino and Bathing Pool for a Rich Gentle-
man's Country Estate. The program was as follows:
Program
The available ground is level, and measures 100
feet by 100 feet; i t is backed by a long retaining
wall about 15 feet high, from the top of which the
land raises at about 3 0 ° f o r a considerable distance.
An abundant supply of water at the top of the hill
may be utilized. T h e hill faces south.
R E Q U I R E M I. NTS:
(1) A hall where tea may be served as well as
where the bathers may gather. I t is to be
handsomely decorated.
(2) T h e swimming pool.
(3) About a dozen cabins.
(4) Service rooms f o r the preparation of teas.
(5) Toilet rooms.
(6) Painters and Sculptors arc to decorate any de-
sired portions of the scheme, and the art o f
the Landscape Architect should be in evidence
upon the hillside.
(7) The style shall be that o f the classic antiquity
or its Italian derivatives.
A D D I T I O N A L REMARKS:
(1) There is to be no outside assistance in the
finishing of drawings, paintings or models.
(2) There w i l l be criticism by only Messrs. Stevens R U T H PERKINS
and Fairbanks, but only after the first week. R i i n PERKINS is the sixth woman licensed to practice
(3) T h e studios w i l l be closed f o r the first two architecture in the State o f Illinois; at the present time
weeks. she is employed by William T . Braun, Architect, Chicago,
(4) T h e Landscape Architects are to be employed as chief designer. Miss Perkins received her architectural
in a consulting capacity, but they w i l l not be training at the University of Michigan and has since spe-
expected to make more than free-hand sketches. cialized in residence work.
(5) T h e expenses o f each team, including one- In 1927 and 192S she was in charge of the W o m c n \
third of the expenses incurred by the Land- Architectural Exhibits at the Woman's World's Fair.
scape Architects, are to be borne equally by the
Architect, Painter, and Sculptor of each team.
(6) The prize money is to go in equal proportions SIXTH A N N U A L SMALL SCULPTURE
to the Architect, Painter, and Sculptor o f the COMPETITION
winning team.
THE SIXTH A N N U A L COMPETITION for prizes offered by
The teams competing were composed o f : the Procter and Gamble Company f o r small sculptures,
TEAM A
using white soap as a medium, is announced by the Na-
C. Dale Badgelev, Architect; Dunbar D . Beck, Painter; tional Soap Sculpture Committee, 80 East 11th Street,
and David K . Rubins, Sculptor. New York. The competition closes May 1, 1930. For
TEAM B amateurs ninety-six prizes totaling $1,850.00 w i l l be
Homer F. Pfeiffer, Architect; Donald Mattison, Painter; awarded.
and Joseph Kiselcwski, Sculptor.
The Jury of Award w i l l be composed o f George E.
TEAM C
Ball; C. J. Barnhorn; Alon Bemcnt; Gutzon Borglum;
Cecil C. Briggs, Architect; Dcane Keller, Painter; and
Harvey Wiley Corbett; Harriet W . Frishmuth; Charles
George H . Snowden, Sculptor.
Dana Gibson; Leo Lentelli; Dr. Gustave Straubenmuller;
Richard K. W'ebel and Michael Rapuano, Fellows in
and Lorado T a f t .
Landscape Architecture, worked together as a firm, and
were consulted by all three teams competing. For further information, entry blanks, and instruction
The drawings were shipped f r o m the Academy in Rome books address the National Soap Sculpture Committee, 80
to New York and were judged by a jury composed o f : East 11th Street, New York.
Charles A . Piatt, Chairman, W m . Mitchell Kendall, John
Gregory, Eugene F. Savage and Ferruccio Vitale.
NEW YORK ALUMNI C H A P T E R OF
The winning team was team " A , " whose design is
ALPHA RHO C H I HOLDS E X H I B I T I O N
shown on the pages following.
THE N E W YORK A L U M N I C H A P T E R o f Alpha Rho C h i ,
T O F O R M E R PUPILS O F T H E a national architectural fraternity, is holding an exhibi-
E C O L E DES B E A U X A R T S tion o f sketches, etchings, renderings, and photographs o f
W I L L FORMER PUPILS o f the Ecole please send contribu- the work o f its members in the exhibition rooms of the
tions to the treasurer of the Grande Masse, 51 Rue de Architectural League of New York. The show w i l l be
Seine, Paris, France. on until January 4 t h .
[47]
[48]
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[49]
MORE ABOUT THE STOCK PLAN QUESTION
T H A T OPINIONS ON the Stock Plan may be just as diverse diction, that i f we continue to encourage this work enough,
in the far west as they are in the east is shown by the plans f o r any type of structure may be had in the same
interchange which has recently been taking place on the manner. The only excuse f o r the existence of plan
pages of our excellent contemporary, The Architect and bureaus which have the sanction of the American Institute
Engineer of San Francisco. There is a most interesting of Architects, is that the architect's services arc prohibitive
column in this architectural journal, headed " T h e Archi- in cost to some people. This point is granted in the case
tect's Viewpoint," to which four prominent western archi- of very small houses of low quality, but the bureaus have
tects contribute in rotation. Harold W . Doty, A.I.A., of not been featuring that particular type lately.
Portland, Oregon, writing in the July, 1929, issue, had " I t may have been the cucumbers in the salad, and it
the following to say: might have been the lost ball on the water hole that causes
" W h i l e this is being written there is in progress a na- these remarks, but it takes more than good sportsmanship
tionwide competition f o r small house designs, which is to cheer when an organization encourages a movement
sanctioned and aided by members of the American Insti- which is detrimental to the work and ideals of its own
tute of Architects. A f t e r the prizes are awarded the members."
designs w i l l be purchased, or in other ways w i l l become In the August, 1929, issue of the same magazine, M r .
the property of a privately owned bureau or corporation. Doty was answered by Charles H . Alden, F.A.I.A., of
These house designs w i l l then be published in a book, and Seattle, Washington, as follows:
working plans and specifications f o r the houses w i l l be "Is not the profession of architecture suffering f r o m a
available to the public for a nominal fee. Is not this confusion of ideals when it attacks the small house archi-
bureau in direct competition with the architects themselves? tectural problem? The editorial 'we' conducting this
"Most architects, perhaps, arc not interested in small presentation of the Architect's Viewpoint is responsible for
house work, in which the resulting fees arc necessarily introducing this subject in a previous issue when the ques-
small, and in order to cope with the poor stock plans tion was propounded, ' T h e Small House—Is I t Architec-
usually offered to the public feel that any improvement ture?' One o f its successors has given some interesting
in these plans is to be heartily encouraged. Perhaps these side lights on the .esthetic angle and your contributor of
architects have office organizations trained only for large last month deplores the present-day attempt at a solution
projects, who handle domestic work in the same manner as of the problem and the endorsement extended by the
an office building, and a small residence becomes the curse American Institute of Architects.
of the office.
"The ready-made plan service, which is now before us
" T h e elevating of the lay taste is one of our principal as a solution of the architectural problem of the small
tasks, i f not the very first one to consider, but there are house, is a popular ground for attack by members of the
other means of accomplishing this than providing stock profession. I t is said there are too many small house
plans. Many o f the architects who feel that such bureaus competitions, attention is called to the loss of character
arc their own difficult competitors, work valiantly in the when designs arc produced in other environments, and the
Institute, giving their time and money in support of encouragement given by the American Institute of Archi-
aesthetic helps and civic improvements, therefore these tects to the ready-made plan movement is considered
men cannot be expected to laud the work of such plan 'detrimental to the work and ideals of its own members.'
bureaus. An Architects' League protests against this interference
" I t is the practice o f one of these home institutes or with the architect's legitimate function and the attitude
bureaus to write to architects whose work has been pub- of this League gives a popular magazine reason for offer-
lished in the trade journals and offer royalties for the use ing for discussion such a question as 'Isn't it better to have
and sale of their plans. An architect who allows a plan each residential problem, even though it be only a six-room
to be duplicated which he has made f o r one of his clients, house, planned and built under competent supervision?'
in a sense violates a trust. Can a client be expected to " T h e present writer of these columns still believes that
glory in the fact that his home is identical with fifty others, the small house is architecture, and that it is incumbent on
and i f these others are not identical, then the caricatures the architectural profession to initiate or support some
are the same. method of giving it architectural consideration to meet
" T h e best houses are usually evolved by the careful modern conditions. We do not believe there are too
working out of client's needs and site conditions. The many small house competitions when conducted in the
resulting distinction w i l l grow common and meaningless i f interest of good architectural design and we believe the
the design is repeated elsewhere. Both the design and American Institute of Architects, in endorsing small house
superintendence of any building, that pretends architec- plan movements, is acting in consistent accord with its
ture, cannot be separated one f r o m the other. Can the ideals and we don't think the question of whether it 'isn't
architect of plan bureau houses see his brain children better to have a house designed by an architect' is worth a
grow? rc-statcmcnt—of course it is better—so are custom-made
"A few years ago, one of these competition houses was clothes better than the ready-made production but many
built several times in varied localities. I t was interesting of us who have to use the stock product still remain reason-
to note how the original design lost its character and ably comfortable and happy!
charm increasingly with each rebuilding. The one in " I n the words of an historic President ' I t is a condition
Peoria was less charming than the one in Philadelphia, and and not a theory that confronts us.' There are millions
the one in Kansas was downright hard. T h e size and of worth while Americans scattered throughout the country
quality of the houses now included in those available in who want their own homes. Can all of these, or any con-
the bureaus have been constantly increasing. I t is a pre- siderable proportion, be expected to have houses especially
[50]
designed f o r them by competent architects? We all point being that of making a living. I t is my prediction
know they cannot. What chance is there that a man in that i f plan bureaus, institutes and similar corporations
an isolated village w i l l get a competent architect to design are properly encouraged in the future, plans f o r any type
and supervise the construction of his modest $3,500 home? of building w i l l be available in the same way, and at
None whatever. Competent architects do not exist in bargain prices. Then what w i l l become of the architect?
isolated villages and in the modern conditions of architec- "Another contributor to this column stated that the
tural practice the prospective home builder cannot employ plan bureau stock plans were comparable to ready-made
an architect in a distant city. The owner would not clothes and filled the same sort of need. I n the case of
approach an architect with such a problem and the archi- very small houses this undoubtedly is true, and especially
tect could not afford to undertake the work at any reason- in the sparsely populated areas of our country. However,
able figure. in the cities there are usually many young architects who
" T h e American Institute of Architects gives in the pre- can and do design comparatively small houses, and in
amble to its Constitution a clear statement of its objects their case the advertisement in the tailor's window tells
with no conflict of ideals. Its endeavor is to make the the story. 'You pay f o r a tailor-made suit, whv not have
profession of architecture ' o f ever increasing service to one?'"
Society.' W i t h the profession unable to reach the small The last word has perhaps not been said. We w i l l
home problem under modern conditions, earnest consider- look f o r further discussion in future issues of The Archi-
ation was given by the Institute and its members to sec tect and Engineer.
how this situation could be met. I t remained for a group
of its members in Minnesota to definitely work out a solu- I L L I N O I S S O C I E T Y OF A R C H I T E C T S '
tion. This was the Architects' Small House Service
PUBLICITY CAMPAIGN
Bureau, producing complete stock plans made by architects,
national in its scope, with publicity and sales provided for October 3 1 , 1929.
in a businesslike manner. It was to be a non-profit enter- P E N C I L POINTS.
prise, thus avoiding confusion of ideals. Gentlemen:
"The enterprise was thoroughly considered by the Insti- "Replying to yours of recent date re. the privilege of
tute through its Board of Directors and the Convention reproducing folder Just What Does an Architect Do for
of 1921 and enthusiastically supported. The Bureau was His Client? issued by the Illinois Society of Architects,
to be a separate organization endorsed and controlled by we wired you yesterday as follows:
the Institute and it also received the endorsement of Secre- " 'Permission is granted as requested. Letter w i l l
tary of Commerce, now President Hoover, a professional follow.'
engineer who pledged the cooperation of his department of "We not only do not object to your reproducing this
the Government. folder, but take great pleasure in having you do so. We
"What a Utopia it would be i f each of us could have shall be very glad to co-operate with any other architectural
individual expert professional service to take care of each society who w i l l undertake the same task f o r their com-
individual problem. I f we could all be constantly advised munity as we arc undertaking for ours. Material which
how to regain or maintain our health on every occasion we have prepared, we w i l l be glad to have others use.
with the advisor properly compensated f o r his professional "Our plan may be briefly outlined as follows:
service; i f everyone could have competent legal advice "(1) We have noted that most of the legal trouble
to protect him f r o m any legal pitfall and give sound from which an Architect suffers is due to an erroneous
advice on practical affairs. Doctors would then not be conception on the part of the legal profession as to the
called upon to render free service and it would not be true function and purpose of an Architect. One would
necessary for us to be bewildered with irresponsible advice expect better things of another learned profession; never-
in the transaction of our affairs. Then every one who theless, lawyers are accustomed to advise their clients
builds could have an individual architect to care for all regarding their relationship to their Architect exactly
angles of his problem and there would be no need of any opposite to the relationship which they expect their client
building plan service. U n t i l that time comes the pro- to maintain toward them.
fessional architect and his organization must recognize
"(2) I n building operations, bankers insist on the
some responsibility towards providing effective means f o r
legal opinion of title before they w i l l make a loan on a
the small home owner to get some measure of architec-
building, but they do not hesitate to make loans on build-
tural service. I f it cannot be furnished by individual
ings to builders where there is no Architect to safeguard
architects on the professional basis they desire to maintain,
their interests.
how better can it be done than by properly supervised and
professionally controlled ready-made plan services?" "(3) In brokerage transactions real estate men in their
dealings expect 3°/c brokerage fee on their transactions
In the November issue, just to hand, M r . Doty comes where their operating expenses in proportion to the volume
back: of business arc not one-tenth what an Architect's operating
" T h e remarks made in the last contribution to this expenses are, and yet they advise their clients that an
column by this writer concerning stock plans were directed Architect ought to do work f o r lJ/2% to I f o .
chiefly against a privately owned corporation which con- "(4) Judges seem to have conceived the idea that
ducted a recent house competition. Although the houses plans and specifications are merchandise and f a i l to under-
in the first book this organization published were small, stand that the real merchandise which an Architect has to
many of the prize and mention designs in the last compe- offer is not plans and specifications but personally skilled
tition would cost twenty thousand dollars and more to service. This misconception has been the cause of many
construct. legal decisions adverse to Architects.
" I t is contended that a house of this size is of suffi- "(5) Prosecuting attorneys fail to make a distinction
cient import to warrant the employ of an architect, at between qualifying conscientious architects who arc render-
least from the architect's standpoint, and especially f r o m ing f u l l and complete service and the incompetent reck-
a Portland, Oregon, architect's standpoint—the stand- less and careless architect who is defrauding his client.
151 |
This is due to their misconception of what really constitutes architecture as a profession in the state of Illinois to be
f u l l and complete architectural service. a member of this Society, but, much as we want members
" T h e Publication Committee of the Illinois Society has and influence, we do not want members who are unwilling
concluded that since the above five different groups of to put their practice on a plane of service in accord with
people to a large extent influence the welfare of the Archi- the spirit of this folder.
tect, that a campaign particularly directed to the personal "This folder is being mailed individually with an appro-
attention of these groups would be most effective. priate personal letter of transmission to the following
"They have therefore devised a series of educational groups of people: Members of State Legislature, Governor,
folders setting up the functions and services of an Archi- Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, State's Attorneys,
tect and are mailing these with a personal letter to each Judges, Bankers, School Authorities, Real Estate M e n ,
of the important members of these groups, letters being Architects not Members of the Society, and A l l Members
especially prepared to clear up the peculiar misunder- of the Society.
standings of each group. "Other folders w i l l be mailed direct by the Society,
" W e are enclosing herewith a copy of each of the several one each month to the above list during the next seven or
f o r m letters which we are sending out; with the exception eight months. I n addition, we are asking each Architect
of the real estate men and lawyers these letters are being in the State to agree to distribute these folders regularly
personally addressed and all letters personally signed by to a selected list of his clients, prospective clients or
some officer of the Society." friends. I f you w i l l aid in this distribution ask f o r addi-
{Signed) E M E R Y STANFORD HALL, tional copies.
Chairman Publication Committee, "Your co-operation in this work is urgently solicited."
Illinois Society of Architects.
Personally Addressed to Judges:
.4 Brief Word to the Legal Profession: " I n your judicial capacity, it frequently becomes your
duty to review the evidence as to cases involving Architec-
"Irrespective of which side of a case an attorney finds
tural practice.
himself on, it is clearly important that he shall know the
customs and practices involved in the subject matter in " I n the discharge of this duty you may find yourself
controversy. puzzled with conflicting evidence as to what constitutes
"Building including public works, ranks second in all proper and competent practice.
of the industries of this country, and involved on the " I t is with a purpose to help you in solving this prob-
average f o r 1926, '27, and '28, an annual expenditure of lem that we present you herewith a statement as to what
about $8,000,000,000.00. Deducting public works there the profession believes to be the service, integrity and
was f o r these years, an average expenditure on buildings competence which an Architect should give to his client
of $5,599,000,000.00. O f this enormous expenditure, and to the public as it may be involved in the building
Architects acted as designers and chief executive officers on problems over which he has supervision.
buildings costing $4,157,000.00 "Other folders dealing with present-day Architectural
"Therefore, although this profession is few in com- practice w i l l be sent you from time to time. We hope
parative number, in magnitude of guidance of expendi- you may find them h e l p f u l . "
ture this profession ranks first of all professions.
" T o assist you to a better understanding of just what .4 Brief Word to Real Estate Men:
the professional Architect is expected to do in order to "Most of us agree that the value of real estate depends
maintain the commendation of his fellow practitioners, we on its ability to produce a return on the investment, and
are sending you the enclosed folder which we hope you that return is determined by the improvements. Vacant
w i l l find convenient f o r reference. real estate, except f o r f a r m purposes, is a dead loss with-
"Other informative folders concerning architectural out productive improvements.
relationship and responsibility w i l l be forwarded you f r o m "Because we believe you w i l l be interested in getting a
time to time." clearer conception of the ways in which an Architect can
help enhance the return f r o m improvements, we are en-
To Architects Not Members of the Society: closing a folder which has just come f r o m the press.
"You think your public does not appreciate you? What "This folder and others which w i l l be sent you f r o m
can you do about it? Certainly you can accomplish time to time, indicate just what the worth-while Archi-
nothing alone, but co-operatively, your service may be the tect does f o r his client, and, incidentally, what the i n -
one"connecting link that saves the day. competent Architect does not do.
" T h e Illinois Society of Architects has undertaken a "You w i l l find the services of a competent, trustworthy
state-wide campaign f o r educating the public in an appre- Architect an important guarantee of the success of your
ciation of the value of an Architect's service. They are building projects. And you cannot afford to operate with-
doing this work f o r every Architect in this state. I t is out his help. But you should select him with care.
only fair, i f you are to derive a benefit, that you share in "Engage no one that is not able and willing to f u l f i l l the
the expense and give your moral support to this work. We duties of an Architect as set forth in this folder. Remem-
feel sure that you w i l l wish to j o i n w i t h us. We are ber, too, that the laborer is worthy of his hire; that no
enclosing an application blank f o r your membership in the man can do his best work when he is inadequately paid."
Illinois Society of Architects.
" I t is difficult and dangerous to sell a product to the Personally Addressed to Attorneys:
public that is not up to the standard. The enclosed folder "As a prosecuting officer of this State, it is part of your
sets up the standard of service which the Society expects duty to prosecute violators of the various State registration
its members to maintain. I f your service is not up to this acts, including that of Architectural Registration.
standard, make it so. We want every Architect who is "To perform this duty intelligently, you, of course,
registered and engaged in the independent practice of (Continued on fage 68)
[52)
JOHNSON CRASS LIGUSTRUM RETANA OR HORSEBF.AN
SHADOWGRAPHS
By Samuel E. Gideon of the University of Texas
O U R MOST COMMON and most familiar forms often become commonest back yard, wood, lot, and prairie weeds, though
exotic and beautiful when presented in another light, and some of them are cultivated plants and a few are like
so it is with the accompanying illustrations which were turnip tops, pomegranate leaves and honeysuckle.
made on Van Dyke paper in the following manner: The process is an old one, quite similar to the vogue of
The leaves were arranged on the sensitized paper tacked silhouettes and the tracing of shadow outlines. The writer
to a drawing board and over this was placed a sheet of glass, was inspired to make these experiments after Gutzon
weighted down. A little experience w i l l determine the Borglum, the sculptor, in a lecture to the Department of
amount of exposure in the light or sun necessary to obtain Architecture, University of Texas, urged the students to use
suitable results. Van Dyke paper must be developed in native fauna and flora in their decorative forms rather than
"hypo," but blueprint paper, which can also be used and copy the antique, such as the "Egg and Dart," "Acanthus
which is easier to operate than Van Dyke, is simply washed Leaf," and "Dentils." The architects of the new buildings
in water after exposure. Most of the illustrations are our for the University of Texas have been urged to develop this
GRAPEVINE MESQUITE RAGWEED SPRINGARI
S H A D O W G R A P H S B Y S A M U E L E . G I D E O N — M A D E AS D E S C R I B E D I N A R T I C L E
[53]
PENCIL POINTS FOR JANUARY, 1 9 3 0
idea since they attractive motif

have already for a Christ-
begun to incor- mas g r e e t i n g .
porate such i n t i - The leaves are
mate t h i n g s ' as not much unlike
"Cattle Brands" holly leaves.
in their decora- H o l l y trees un-
tive panels and fortunately have
f riezes. M r. been cut down
Albert K e l s e y , f o r Christmas
architect f o r the trees so m a n y
University of years in Texas
Texas Baptist t h a t t h e y are
Church, used now r a r e , but
the State flower, agarita is quite
the ' ' B 1 u e- abundant. A
bonnet,'' in panel o f t h i s
c o l o r , i n the agarita on the
glazed terra Van Dyke paper
c o t t a entrances. made white
leaves on a dark
Some of the
brown ground
designs are most
and this was re-
suitable f o r ce-
duced to Christ-
CARROT ramie decoration, AGARITA BRANCHES
mas card size in
in fact all forms
of decorative art, but particularly in embroider}.-. The the form of a zinc etching and printed on Japanese rice
writer has made effective use of weeping willow branches paper. Fire screens lend themselves well to this form of
and ghost plant (or granddaddy's beard) f o r lamp shades decoration and one of the most effective uses of the process
and the despised Johnson grass and tic vine made a is to secure the design between two sheets of glass cut to
stunning portable screen. Agarita branches furnished an fit the panels of a wrought iron lamp or lantern.
PRIZES AWARDED IN CHURCH BUILDING COMPETITION

THE O F F I C E O F J O H N R U S S E L L P O P E , o f New York, has First Honorable Mention: St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal
been awarded the first prize of $ 1 , 0 0 0 in the recent Church, Norwalk, Conn., P. L . Fowler Company, Trenton,
Church Building Competition conducted by The Christian N . J., Architect.
Herald. The first prize is to be equally divided between Second Honorable Mention: Overland Christian Church,
the winning building, The First Presbyterian Church of Overland, M o . , Hocner, Baum & Frocsc, St. Louis,
New Rochelle, N . Y . , and its architect, the office of John Architects.
Russell Pope.
T h i r d Honorable Mention: Mariemont Community
The Jury of Award, composed of Philip Hubert Froh- Church, Mariemont, Cincinnati, Ohio, Louis E. Jallade,
man of Boston and Washington, D . C , Elmo Cameron
New York, Architect.
Lowe of Evanston, Illinois, and Hobart U p j o h n of New
York, commended this church very highly, both f o r its Fourth Honorable Mention: First Church of Christ,
excellent architecture and the adequacy of its plan. Scientist, Fillmore, California, H . Roy Kellev, Los
Angeles, Architect.
Second prize of $ 3 0 0 , also divided between church and
architect, was awarded to the First Presbyterian Church of Mentions were awarded as follows:
Clinton, Iowa. The firm of Coolidgc and Hodgdon, First Christian Church, Oakland, Calif., W . H . Weeks,
Chicago, Illinois, was architect of this church. San Francisco, Architect.
T h i r d prize of $ 2 0 0 went to the First Christian Church, Huntington Baptist Church, Huntington, Long Island,
Watsonvillc, Calif., W . H . Weeks of San Francisco being Bruce Conklin, Huntington, L . I . , designer, American
the architect. Baptist Home Missionary Society, Consultants.
F i f t y churches from twenty-one states, the District of Storrs Congregational Church, Storrs, Conn., Perry and
Columbia, and two foreign countries, Canada and Japan, Bishop, New Britain, Conn., Architects.
entered the competition, which was limited to churches
with a seating capacity not greater than six hundred persons First Baptist Church, Birmingham, Mich., Muehlinan
and to churches constructed within the last two years. The and Farrar, Detroit, Architects.
conditions eliminated also churches which have no facilities Irvington Presbyterian Church, Indianapolis, Ind.,
for the departmentalized Sunday School or f o r fellowship Harrison and Turnock, Indianapolis, Architects.
and recreation. First Methodist Episcopal Church, Green Bay, Wis.,
In addition to the cash awards, the Jury honored four Sundt, Wenner and Jansson, Philadelphia and Chicago,
churches with Honorable Mentions and six others with Architects, Methodist Episcopal Bureau of Architecture,
Mentions. Those so rewarded were: Consultants.
[54]
SALESMANSHIP over its production. In such cases they would be required

Reprinted from the Monthly Bulletin of the Illinois to sell on merit of past performance, education and expe-
Society of Architects. rience of personnel. This might be a practical method,
T R A I N I N G IN SALESMANSHIP is the one essentia] thing which but f r o m the present viewpoint, it would no doubt be
is so often omitted f r o m the education of an architect. I n - viewed as unethical. Laying aside all preconceived notions
adequacy in this line accounts f o r the frequent victimizing and looking at the matter purely f r o m the standpoint of
of members o f this profession by the various agencies of actual known fact, this second possible solution is not any
fraud that seem to operate in every community. Why are more open to question than the first, both arc now prac-
architects often defrauded of their just dues? ticed to a limited extent.
First—Because they have something worth while to Third—Architects might combine in a professional asso-
give. I f architects did not have something worth while ciation and sell the architectural profession to the public
to give, they would not ever be the victims o f the smooth in the same manner as is now done by the various manu-
promotor or unscrupulous builder. Whoever heard of a facturing and materia] trade associations. I f this method
(armless hick being the victim of con-men. I f he were were used means would have to be found to finance this
not a good farmer, he would not be a farm owner. I f he association on the same broad scale as that on which the
were not a farm owner, he would constitute no temptation great trade associations that now push the sale o f the prod-
to the fraudulent schemer. uct of the dominant building material interests; for illus-
Second—Because architects as well as farmers have been tration, such organizations as the Cement Association,
too greatly specialized, either too much design and too the Terra Cotta Society, the Face Brick Association, the
little construction, or too much construction and too little Cut Stone Association, etc. Procedure in this way would
design, or plenty o f technique in both design and construc- mean large flat membership dues or a small percentage of
tion and no general business. How many architects receipts f r o m all business handled. The contractors now
know the real meaning o f overhead expense, or how much do this boldly and charge it up to their customers as an item
it actually costs to get out a job? of building cost. When the contractor gets a commission,
as a fee for service, it is always larger than the commission
T h i r d — N o adequate advocate. The public has so long
fee paid the architect f o r a much greater service and it is
.i-umed that anything worth having is adequately pre-
a net fee, while the architect's fee is a gross fee out o f
sented that it believes that everything is adequately pre-
which he must pay.all o f his operating expenses.
sented. The public rates things as they arc presented not
as they are. There is no use crying about it or denying T h e architect's real problem at this time is fundamen-
the fact. I t is so and must be made the best o f . The tally a problem of sales. It should be faced squarely and
public can no longer seek out that which it has need f o r discussed frankly. I f the problem of uniform sales
and find it because the public has lost, outside of its own of professional service can be solved sanely and without
specialized line, the art o f research. The incompetent jeopardy o f the high professional ideals that have dis-
architect gets the business, not because he is technically i n - tinguished this calling f r o m all others, the profession can
competent, but because he employs competent sales skill, drive on to yet greater and greater attainment. I f the
sales skill which i f applied to the sale o f real competent, problem cannot be solved so as to keep the control of archi-
honcst-to-goodness service would get much larger returns tecture in the hands o f those who are actuated by high
for efforts expended. professional ideals, then the future o f art in architecture
is not p r o m i s i n g . — E M E R Y STANFORD H A L L .
On account o f the personal nature of architectural serv-
ice, the individual practitioner is often embarrassed in a
personal presentation o f the merits of architectural service,
since he may find it difficult, i f not impossible, to separate
the personal f r o m the abstract. It is hardly to be expected
that those technically expert architecturally should be like-
wise technically expert salesmen. I n fact the natural
assumption would be that mental and temperamental quali-
ties peculiarly adopting the individual f o r real success in
architectural production could not be expected to be
common with those natural qualities that would make a
successful salesman. Let the facts be faced as they are,
what is the solution? There are several solutions from
which to choose, the following suggest themselves. The
profession must choose and proceed.
First—Architectural organizations could be formed con-
sisting o f specialists in architectural design, construction,
specification writing, business, supervision and salesman-
ship. Experience shows that combinations of this kind
which do now exist are generally unable to produce as high
a type, f r o m an artistic standpoint, o f architectural produc-
tion as separate practitioners. Probably this is due to uni-
versal tendency f o r the salesman-member of the firm to
assume that because he brings in the business he ought
to dominate production, a function, which by the very
nature o f things, he is incompetent to perform.
Second—Individual architects or firms might employ
salesmen to dispose o f their product in just the same way
as merchandise is sold, these salesmen to have nothing to P E N A N D I N K D R A W I N G B Y R. E . C U R T I S , O F A U S T R A L I A
do with the professional work of the firm and no control "THE E L E V A T E D S E R P E N T , " NEW YORK
[55]
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[56]
THE DRAFTSMAN'S LIBRARY
Theatres, by Joseph Urban; 49 plate pages, 9J4" x 12"; The Year Book of the Boston Architectural Club, Contain-
price $7.50; published by Theatre Arts, Inc., New York. ing Examples of Modem Architecture; 102 plate pages,
Joseph Urban has long been connected with the Theatre 1 0 ^ " x 13^2"; published by the Boston Architectural
and is well known to its patrons as a forceful and original Club, Boston.
designer. I n this book he shows six of his most interesting In a foreword, signed by Ralph T." Walker, it is stated
creations—the Ziegfcld Theatre in New York, the Para- that the editors of this volume have not presumed to
mount Theatre in Palm Beach, Florida (these two have select the best in modern architecture but rather have
been b u i l t ) , and his studies f o r the proposed Metropolitan chosen a representative group of buildings showing the
Opera, the Reinhardt Theatre, the Jewish A r t Theatre, general character of what is being done over the entire
and the Music Center (all designed f o r New York). country. W e l l , perhaps they haven't selected the whole
The Ziegfeld and Paramount houses are shown by means of best and nothing but the best, but they have presented an
photographs as well as by plans, sections, and perspectives, excellent cross section of our contemporary commercial
while the other four conceptions are necessarily presented architecture. The buildings shown are not all new—for
in the f o r m of drawings and models. We arc sure that example Cass Gilbert's Army Supply Base in Brooklyn
any designer worthy of the name w i l l find much in this rubs shoulders with the new Irving Trust Company build-
volume to interest him and a good deal which w i l l call f o r ing by Voorhees, Gmelin, and Walker, now being erected
admiration. Each of the six problems demanded an —but they all show that their designers were not leaning
entirely different solution and the solutions are strikingly too heavily on precedent.
original and bold. M r . Urban sees the theatre in a big But f o r the guarded statement in the foreword we
way and is not hampered by precedent in his search f o r might quarrel with the editors f o r some of the inclusions
the correct expression of each type. An introductory and some of the omissions. W i t h that in mind, however,
text by the author explains the problems and their solutions. we must admit that they have given us a useful record in
the f o r m o f photographs and drawings of the work of
architects who are striving with considerable ability towards
The Metropolis of Tomorrow, by Hugh Ferriss; 140
a new architecture.
pages, 9" x 1 2 " ; price $7.50; published by Ives Washburn,
New York. A number of detail drawings make the volume of real
use as a reference f o r the draftsman and designer.
A collection of sixty drawings by Hugh Ferriss cannot
fail to be of interest to American draftsmen and architects.
No other delineator has depicted the skyscraper, and the The Year Book of the Annual Architectural Exhibition,
conglomeration of skyscrapers which makes the modern Philadelphia, 1929; 320 pages, exclusive of advertisements,
city, with anything approaching the imaginative power 9y " x 1 \y "; price $2.50; published by The 32nd Joint
4 A
which is his. Most of the drawings shown have been pub- Exhibition Board o f the American Institute of Archi-
lished before—some as advertisements f o r the American tects, Philadelphia Chapter and the T Square Club,
Institute of Steel Construction and the Lehigh Portland Philadelphia.
Cement Company, some as illustrations f o r various articles Philadelphia is the home of an unusually large group of
on the New York Zoning Law and other subjects concern- extremely able architects. I f you doubt that, just turn to
ing tall buildings—but here they arc f o r the first time all this 1929 Year Book in which is preserved a record of
together in permanent form with significant comments by their recent activities. I n residence work, in churches, in
the artist. schools, and in a variety of commercial work they strike a
The work naturally divides itself into three parts— very high average and many of the works shown come near
"Cities of Today," "Projected Trends," and " A n Imaginary to being architectural masterpieces.
Metropolis." The first part shows M r . Ferriss' conceptions As a book, however, this volume is less useful than it
of a number of contemporary tall buildings; the second might have been made. Its pages and plates are not num-
isolates f o r pictorial study a number of the principal bered, so that it is necessary to search f o r a particular sub-
trends shown in current work as well as presenting in defi- ject you wish to find. This seems a pity, and is hard to
nite f o r m the developments which leading architects are excuse, especially since we find that the advertising pages
thinking and talking about but which have not as yet been are carefully numbered and indexed. A more serious
put into effect; the concluding part tackles the ultimate obstacle to the book's utility, however, is the absence of
development of these ideas into an imaginary city of tall plans, of which only a negligible f e w are included. This
towers widely spaced—huge buildings covering three or lack, we feel, places the book more in the category of
four and even six or eight city blocks and rising to heights "Pictorial Records" rather than that of "Reference Works"
of a thousand feet or more. I t is all very stirring and and as such i t w i l l have less appeal to those whose designs
somehow terrifying, yet i t is what we, as architects of the do not happen to be included. But perhaps that was the
future, have to consider. intention of the editors.
Aside f r o m its very great architectural significance the In spite o f its shortcomings we are glad to say that the
draftsman who is a Tenderer w i l l find that this book w i l l book increases our admiration f o r the work of Philadelphia
give him many pointers on pictorial composition. For the architects and makes us not only regret that we did not
same reason that we revere Piranesi we can admire Ferriss. attend their Thirty-second Architectural Exhibition, held
One of the plates f r o m this book is reproduced as a frontis- last year, but also look forward eagerly to see what they
piece in this issue of P E N C I L POINTS. w i l l do during 1930.
[57]
[58]
A C H A M P I O N COMES F O R W A R D !
FROM Nation's Business FOR J A N U A R Y : — " / / / Se ft ember, 'Nation's Business' published an article\ 'Give the Contractor
a Chance,' written by Thomas Thome Flagler, president, the Associated General Contractors of America. In this article,
Mr. Flagler condemned a great many practices in the construction industry and placed a fart of the blame on the archi-
tect. No recent contributor to 'Nation's Business' has evoked such a storm of denunciation and applause. Quite gen-
erally the contractor agrees with Mr. Flagler. The architect, just as generally, disagrees.
"From the wealth of letters and articles submitted in answer to Mr. Flagler's statements, 'Nation's Business' can
publish only one. It is by Rossel Edward Mitchell, a Washington, D. C, architect, and was forwarded to us by
P E N C I L POINTS." (See "Nation's Business" for January for the complete article by Mr. Mitchell given here in part.)
" A CHAMPION W A N T E D ! " is the title of a leading things (textbooks), precedent (old specifications), and re-
editorial in PENC I L POINTS f o r September. The editors cent decisions (literature put out by reputable manufac-
call attention to certain statements of Thomas Thorne turers, trade associations and engineering bureaus)?
Flagler, president of the Association of General Con- And when did it become disreputable f o r an architect
tractors of America, in the September Nation's Business. to use tried and true clauses of specifications that have
Some of these statements, they note, imply that the stood the test of use? Or when did architects or builders
average architect is incompetent. The editors express the either become so omniscient they could afford to disregard
hope that "some prominent architect, competent to speak the wealth of invaluable technical information put out so
for the profession, may have an opportunity to write f o r carefully and scientifically by leading manufacturers and
Nation's Business the architect's side of the story." The trade associations?
writer of these lines does not pretend to qualify in respect The architect who would venture to disregard these
to either of the above conditions. fundamental sources of information would simply classify
Prominence is a relative term. As to speaking f o r the himself as a fossil too prehistoric f o r recognition outside
ivvciitv-odd thousand or so architects in America, I must a museum.
enter a demurrer. Further, after reading M r . Flagler's The president of the G. C. A. now jumps to an absurd
article, I find myself more inclined to question his literary illustration of a Chicago architect who specified Vermont
manners than to dispute his statements. T o be candid, it granite f o r a building within sight of Stone Mountain,
strikes me that he has "said a m o u t h f u l , " but said it in a where fine granite grows w i l d . Has he never seen Oregon
way calculated to do great harm and very little good. apples on the bill of fare of up-state New York hotels?
M r . Flagler appears to believe that the building business Or California grapes?
will be helped by his various and sundry innuendoes imply- M y own information on this particular point is that
ing general incompetence in the architectural profession. Georgia granites are usually white or nearly so, while
But w i l l it? I n the closing portion of his article he Vermont and other New England granites may be obtained
appeals to architects to stop the practice of putting irre- in very beautiful colors. I f a client wants a beautiful
sponsible contractors in competition with responsible ones. building to crown the crest of Stone Mountain, or some
M r . Flagler must know that reputable architects every- other Georgia h i l l , and is w i l l i n g to pay for what he wants,
where advocate this policy and that tight-fisted owners must he, after the contract is let, permit his builder to
frequently override their architects and insist on "cheap" furnish plain white granite instead of sea-green, because,
bidders being put on the list. forsooth, his builder informs him it is ridiculous and
This class of owner docs not think the architects are f u l l y unfair to make him pay freight on granite from Vermont
competent to be judges of such matters. M r . Flagler's when he figured on Georgia granite, the specifications
statements apparently verify the suspicion of M r . Tight- notwithstanding?
fist, and 1 am sure that his article w i l l confirm their con- One of the axioms of good architectural design f o r a
tempt f o r the architect's disinterested advice, and make quarter of a century to my own knowledge, and I do not
them still more inclined to invite such bidders as they know how much longer, is that good architectural design
please, thus throwing the building industry into still and logical structural elements are so closely interwoven
greater confusion. as to defy separation. The structure is the bony skeleton,
M r . Flagler enters a preliminary disclaimer against re- the design is the flesh and blood. The successful result is
flecting on the skill, integrity or responsibility of the the body fitted and fashioned to its uses, comely in appear-
average architect or engineer. He then lays about him ance, graceful or rugged in outline as its duties dictate.
lustily cracking indiscriminately the heads of architects, As to what M r . Flagler designates finally as the kernel
builders, material people and bondsmen. of the reason f o r the disorganization of the constructive
Some of his statements as to architectural practice are industry (as he calls i t ) — t h e belief of many architects and
so unfair and misleading in their implications that they most owners that they can save money by dealing with
demand rejoinder. The profession of architecture, like irresponsible contractors—it is to be regretted that he did
that of general contracting, is sick. Neither w i l l be cured not get immediately to the kernel without dressing it in so
by mutual recrimination and assault. much hull.
M r . Flagler complains that " M r . Average Man has an He practically admits that most architects agree with him
implicit but often misplaced confidence in the so-called as to the dangers and fallacies of such practices. But he
specification. This mysterious document consists of from dulls the point of his very sound and salutary arguments
50 to 250 or more pages, frequently copied f r o m previous about the advisability of dealing only with reputable
specifications, old textbooks and literature put out by ener- builders by a series of sweeping attacks on technical prac-
getic manufacturers and material venders." tices which are likely to do great harm to an army of
Well, what of it? Docs he expect an architect to origi- highly trained and, usually, p i t i f u l l y underpaid prac-
nate every new specification out of the raw cloth? Is not ticing architects.
the best lawyer he who first informs himself on basic Not satisfied with this, he attempts to belittle the super-
[59]
vision which architects are supposed to be employed to give N O T E : — I N ADDITION TO MR. MITCHELL'S REPLY WE ALSO RE-
CEIVED THE FOLLOWING:
to buildings they plan. Again his illustration is trifling.
It seems that his concern employed an engineer i n a From W. H. D. Grant, of Minneapolis, Minn.
minor capacity f o r a month, and discharged him as i n - PENCIL, POINTS PRESS, Inc.
competent. Then his firm was shocked because the same GENTLEMEN:
man became the architect's supervisor on the identical job! "Your editorial, 'A Champion Wanted,' in the October
I might be mean enough to suggest that perhaps that issue forced me to read M r . Flagler's article in Nation's
young man's discharge by the builder nominated him to Business.
the architect as a good one to put on the watch. What "You evidently still believe in fairies, Santa Claus,
probably happened is this. The young engineer had a type and 'specs' to demand a champion. I t is far more fitting
of experience that made him valuable to the architect but to employ an attorney f o r defensive rather than offensive
not so valuable to the builder. There is a wide difference, action.
both in outlook and execution. " I n a general way, Nation's Business article is too tame,
Many practical and successful architects, men of fine too polite, having the 'yours respectfully' attitude. Their
training and wide experience, would have a hard time illustrations may be amplified a thousand times a thousand
holding down a job in a contractor's office. A builder and only scratch the surface. The heart of the article is
usually makes a good architect's superintendent. A good contained in the very last paragraph, and, the solution of
architect or engineer does not always, by any means, make the problem is just as pithy—contractors to bid on request
a good practical builder. only.
M r . Flagler concludes by asking, " W h e n ? " w i l l the " I am utterly unable or competent to heed your plea
evils of the building industry be corrected. H e answers for a champion as there is no defense, but I am willing to
his own question by saying it w i l l be done when the build- assist anyone f o r better construction, better methods and
ing public abandons the idea of getting something f o r better specifications.
nothing. True enough. "Ethics have advanced but little over the Neolithic age,
yet methods are improving daily in spite of the architect.
But the building public w i l l probably never abandon that
H a i l , f o r more Flagler constructive criticism. Rome was
idea as long as it believes that architects are usually i m -
not built in a day. However, i f it was, we would read in
practical dubs, and builders more often than not irrespon-
modern 'specs' a penalty clause f o r delayed completion
sible crooks. Neither of these things is true, but the
when the delay was caused by time wasted in unravelling
tendency of M r . Flagler's article is, in my opinion, calcu-
the mysterious 'specs' and futile attempts at co-operation
lated to confirm that impression. of various sub-contractors and the dark secret of whether
Ever}' experienced architect has at some time had just the penthouse was on top of the roof or in the sub-base-
that kind of a proposition put up to him by a "practical" ment. Selah!"
builder, who seems to regard a specification as a "mysteri-
ous document" and, something like a contagious disease, to
From William M. Haussmann of Philadelphia, Pa.
be avoided i f possible! )
The Editor of P E N C I L POINTS:

M r . Flagler's next complaint is that "not one set of plans
SIR:
in a hundred is made entirely by the architect and his
men." This is interesting, i f true. Right here, may I " M r . Flagler, naturally, speaks f r o m the viewpoint of
ask in all earnestness, is one building in ten thousand built a contractor. I wonder, however, whether he has not
entirely by the general contractor and his men? Is it not absorbed some of the undertones which color his view-
a fact that a more descriptive name f o r the General Con- point f r o m actual conditions. His error in confusing orna-
tractors' Association of America would be, the Building mentation w i t h architecture, f o r instance, can perhaps be
Contract Brokers' Association? attributed to the way in which problems of design are
often treated. I t is true that the skeleton of the building
I f the general contractor is at liberty to sublet every
is often done outside of the architect's office. What is
single item of labor and material i n and around the
more to the point, that skeleton is regarded by many archi-
building which he has contracted to erect, w i l l he deny the
tects as only the background f o r the real architecture,
architect the privileges of subletting portions of his draft- which may consist, in an interior, of decorative plaster
ing work? work tied to that frame by an intricate system of angles
" I f there ever was a case of hitching the cart before the and wire.
horse this is i t , " again quoting M r . Flagler. "Instead of
"Now while it would be narrow in the extreme to
leaving the design of the frame to the last, as is the pres-
insist that the enclosed voids which compose a building
ent practice, i t should be the first and most important con-
be governed solely by the mathematics of an economical
sideration after the preliminary layout of the room structural requirement, surely the construction should be
arrangement." given great consideration in design. I f the logic and the
Surely here is a Solomon come to judgment! I have x-sthetics of good planning were to be linked with respect
been engaged in architecture as a draftsman and practi- for the structural system in mind, a more consistent result
tioner f o r 26 years. I have worked f o r a number of archi- might be obtained. The broad vision w i t h which the
tects big and little, been associated with some others, and architect approaches a problem should be complemented
employed many as draftsmen. I t is news to me that it is w i t h a knowledge of the practical side. Such knowledge
customary among architects to make the structure frame the should help and not hinder.
last thing to be considered.
" M r . Flagler is hardly to be blamed f o r the narrow
I have never known that to be done in a single instance, angle with which he views the situation. The degree,of
unless it happened to be one of those rare cases of design that angle has been established by the unwillingness of
of monumental building when the matter of architectural architects themselves to see their problems in greater light.
design, or the ultimate effect, as the client views it, is The controversy of which you speak can arise only f r o m
deliberately sought after regardless of cost. misconception."
[60]
HERE AN DTHAT
This department conducts four competitions each month. A prize of $10.00 is awarded in each class as follows: Class 1, sketches or
drawings in any medium; Class 2, poetry; Class 3, cartoons; Class 4, miscellaneous items not coming under the above headings. Everyone
is eligible to enter material in any of these four divisions. Good Wrinkle Section: a prize of $10.00 is awarded for any suggestions as
to how work in the drafting room may be facilitated. No matter how simple the scheme, if you have found it of help in making your
work easier, send it in. Competitions close the fifteenth of each month so that contributions for a forthcoming issue must be received by
the twelfth of the month preceding the publication date in order to be eligible for that month's competition. Material received after the
closing date is entered in the following month's competition.
The publishers reserve the right to publish any of the material, other than the prize winners, at any time, unless specifically requested not to
do so by the contributor.
T o SAY THAT we're very proud o f our new heading is burgh, Pa. This heading w i l l be used in March.
putting it mildly! The number o f entries received and A l l entries other than the winners w i l l be returned to
the high quality o f all the contributions is far beyond our their respective owners in due time—all o f which means
fondest hopes and we consider our entry into H E R E AND we are going to show our readers a number o f the draw-
T H E R E to have started off with great gusto. We can only ings next month.
ask that all our contributors w i l l stand by to help us keep
up the good work. Don't forget our Christmas Card Competition—it's
Anthony Hartig o f Ridgewood, L . I . , is the winner and open until the 6th.
his drawing is reproduced above. Our check for twenty-
rive dollars has already been sent to him along with our Prizes in the regular monthly competition have been
sincere thanks. awarded to:
Elliott L . Chisling o f New York carried off second Class I—Alexander Z . Krusc, o f Brooklyn, N . Y .
place and a fifteen dollar prize. As one E. L . C. to Class II—Hannah Bolz Espie, Forest Hills, N . Y.
another we like his design very much indeed and will Class I I I — A r t h u r F. Baer.
present it for our readers' approval next month. Class IV—Lawrence Wright.
The third prize went to Stephen V . D'Amico of Pitts- Good Wrinkle—John D . Jeffers, Oklahoma City, Okla.
88
FROM A LITHOGRAPH BY ALEXANDER Z . K R U S E — T H E SECOND A V E N U E " L "

(PRIZE—Class One—December Competition)
[61 ]
HIGHLIGHTS OF A O T k W ' V
| U L A K U n T C r U & A L OFFICE 0 f * C A L L I C R A T E 5 £ I C T I U U S " - ATUEVJ5 GGEfCE.
FELLOW P R I M A } A . I . A . - A S A AT W O f c f c - .
THE F I R S T O F A S E R I E S O F CARTOONS B Y A R T H U R F . B A E R , O F C L E V E L A N D , O H I O ,
D E P I C T I N G HIGHLIGHTS OF A R C H I T E C T U R E
(PRIZE—Class Four—December Competition)
[62]
H E R E AND T H E R E AND T H I S AND T H A T
I T I S N ' T O L D T O US
John D. Jeffers Submitted this Prize Winner
T H I S MAY B E an old wrinkle instead of a new one, never-

theless I have never seen anyone who used it until I
explained it to them; most of them liked it so I pass it
on for what it may be worth.
It is nothing more or less than a method of figuring
vertical brick dimensions mentally, especially when a
standard size brick is used with a half inch joint. First
of all I assume "units," a unit being four courses or 11";
to visualize this 1 would suggest setting down the progres-
sion something like this:
1 unit = II"
2 units = I ' -ti nn" 1
11
Note that the full feet is one less
= 10'- I "
than the number of units.
= 11'- 0"
13 units = ll'-ll"
14 » _ J2'-10" . * ' t & H group that the full feet
a n c n
is 2 less than the number of units.

24 " =22'- 0"
It will be noted that the summation of the number of
"THE TIGER"—BY LAWRENCE WRIGHT
feet plus the number of inches equals 11 up to and in-
This linoleum block print was made by Mr. Wright from
three blocks, in yellow, black, brozvn, and red. The red
eyes and red mouth were on the brown block.
W H E N W E W E R E VERY Y O U N G
(with apologies to A. A. Milne)
By Hannah Bolz Espie
(PRIZE—Class Two—December Competition)
TO A L L AND S U N D R Y N E A R AND FAR,

N E W Y O R K T O W N IN P A R T I C U L A R !
"Another new building rises today"
Is an ad we read in the papers each day.
And then there is more,
All written in prose,
But buildings so fine
Should be written in rhyme,
And so I have done it,
And here's how it goes:
As business grows and methods improve,
.And executives think it is time for a move,
T o their critical tastes
Each building
Bows
Low:
"I'm here for the future as well as today—
For how much of space that you use do you pay?
How is it divided? And is the site right?
Do the elevators run in the day and the night:
These are the questions and then many more
My builders expected would come to the fore.
But here they are answered. One stroke of the
pen
Can buy at a fair price for shrewd business men,
Space, quite selective, divided just right,
Including, quite gratis, the beauty and light,
Convenience and comfort that come with the
new LINOLEUM BLOCK PRINT BY L A W R E N C E WRIGHT
Good Sirs!
OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND
May I offer
This building This charming print of St. Peter's, Rome, was printed from
TO YOU?" four blocks in brown, red, black, and buff.
[63]
eluding 12 units where there is a change and the summa- And again 45 courses = What dimension?
tion is 22, corresponding changes occur at all multiples of 4 5 / 4 = 11/4 units (temporarily drop the J4)
1 2. However, it is rare that this is of any real value above 1 1-1 = 10 and
24 units as above that multiples of l l ' - O " f o r every 12 10 and 1 = 11
units is easier, namely I I ' , 22', 33' ct cetera. therefore l O ' - l " and 2}i" f o r the % u n i t = 1 0 ' - 3 ^ "
For example of applying this method: For checking purposes the system works still easier,
36 courses = What dimension? for example:
3 6 / 4 = 9 units 20'-5" is a figured dimension, the f u l l feet places it in
and 9 - 1 = 8 the number of f u l l feet the second or the 22 summation group and
then add to 8 enough to make a total of 11 which of 20 and 2 = 22 therefore 20'-2" is a f u l l brick dimension
course is 3 and the remaining 3" is long over a single course.
therefore the required dimension is 8'-3" Apparently the correct dimension would more likclv be
20'-4^".
And 64 courses = What dimension?
6 4 / 4 = 1 6 units, this is in the second group of 12 so The above may look involved and is certainly difficult
the summation to explain; however, one thorough visualization of it settles
is 22 and is figured thus it f o r all time and makes brick dimensioning a mere mental
1 6 - 2 = 14 and pastime. As f o r other units—one can work out his own
14 and 8 = 22 system; personally I make my calculations in 1 1 " units then
therefore the required is 14'-8" make corresponding corrections.
S T U D Y F O R F O U N T A I N — W A L K E R H A N C O C K , S C U L P T O R , F E L L O W A M E R I C A N A C A D E M Y I N R O M E , 1925-1928
i 64 |
THE SPECIFICATION DESK
A. Department for the Specification Writer
BURNT CLAY—PART I I
By David B. Emerson
T i l e , which is derived f r o m the Anglo-Saxon tigel, through the Spanish and Portuguese Jew refugees, who
which in turn is a derivative of Latin tegula, f r o m tego, to found asylum in Holland after their expulsion by the
cover, can be said, without the least attempt at a pun, to Inquisition. The tile industry of Holland i n the seven-
cover a very wide range of material, over a very wide teenth and eighteenth centuries was probably the largest
area of territory and a vast expanse of time. Just when in the world. England was a big customer, and I don't
and where the making of tile commenced is not known, think that I exaggerate when I say that thousands of
but it certainly goes back into the earliest civilizations, as D e l f t tiles were exported to the American Colonies.
the art of the clay worker is one o f the oldest known to In England the great impetus in the development of the
history. T h e earliest tiles of which there is any record tile industry was not until Dutch artisans settled in Stafford-
are the blue and green glazed tiles which, according to shire in 1690, although tiles had been made in the country
Prof. Rexford Ncwcomb, were made in Egypt in the First during the M i d d l e Ages. Perhaps the oldest tilework in
Dynasty, about 4700 B. C , and the tomb chambers in England is in one of the apsidal chapels of the ruined
the stepped pyramid at Sakkara, built in the T h i r d Dynast}-, abbey o f St. Augustine in Canterbury which has been
excavated some few years now. Those tiles must date
were lined with blue-green tiles with slightly convex
back at least to the Thirteenth Century and perhaps earlier.
faces, provided on the back with a square tenon perforated
The Lady Chapel at Gloucester Cathedral and the Chapter
horizontally with a hole f o r attaching the tiles to the
House at Westminster Abbey, also have tile floors which
wall, cither by means of flexible wooden rods or by copper
undoubtedly date back to the Fourteenth or Fifteenth
wires. I n one of the sepulchral chambers the door was
Century.
enframed with painted figured tiles w i t h raised hiero-
glyphs, in either red, blue, green, or yellow, on a fawn- In this country the tile industry is a mere infant, as
the first attempt at making tile, so far as there is any
colored ground. The Babylonians and Assyrians were
authentic record was in 1876, when Samuel Keys organ-
making enameled tiles as early as the Eighth Centurv
ized the Star Encaustic T i l e Company in Pittsburgh, Pa.
B. C.
This venture was so successful f r o m the start that a similar
One of the greatest developments of the ceramic art
plant was established the next year in ZancsviUc, Ohio.
in the early days, was made by the Persians, who began
From these beginnings an industry has grown up, which
their work with the founding of the Empire by Cyrus the is equal to that in any other country at the present time.
Great in 558 B. C. and who have continued it down
Tiles are made cither by hand or by machine, and
to the present time. The golden age of the ceramic art
either f r o m natural clays or f r o m different kinds of clays,
in Persia was f r o m the Tenth to the Sixteenth Centuries,
feldspars and flints obtained locally or imported f r o m
when it is safe to say that their own work was seldom other countries, carefully selected, proportioned and mixed
equalled, and never excelled. From Persia the art of tile according to the kind of tiles to be manufactured. T w o
making was carried back across Syria to Turkey, Egypt, and processes arc used in making tiles, the "plastic," and the
North Africa. "dust pressed." I n the plastic process the clays are mixed
The Tunisians derived their inspiration f r o m the with water and run through pugging machines until a
Persians, whose work they copied carefully at first, but uniform plastic consistency is reached. The plastic clay is
they very soon developed a style of their own. The i n - then pressed into dies or moulds either by hand or by
dustry flourished up until the Eighteenth Century, when machine, and after drying is put into burned clay con-
the art was practically lost until after the arrival of the tainers known as "saggers," in which they are sent to the
French in 1881, when it was revived. Today Tunisian kilns and fired.
tiles arc being recognized as one of the great products of In the dust pressed process, the materials are finely
the ceramic industry. ground, mixed with water, and passed into filter presses,
From North Africa the Moors carried the art into Spain, where the excess water is pressed out. T h e resulting mass
and established it on such a footing that the Spanish arc is dried and pulverized, then pressed into metal dies by
at the present time making some of the most beautiful machine. Each piece is inspected, fettled i f necessary to
tiles in the world. From Spain can be traced practically remove all feather edges, then put in saggers, sent through
all the development of the ceramic art in Europe. I n the kilns and fired. Faience and similar tiles arc made by
Italy the art was introduced f r o m Spain in the T w e l f t h the plastic process, and vitreous and semivitreous tiles and
Century. The French, in 1384, imported Spanish artisans "bodies" of some types of glazed tiles arc made by the
to make pottery and tiles in the Spanish fashion, although dust pressed process. A l l tiles arc given one or more
in both countries a certain amount of ceramic work firings in kilns, at a high temperature. Unglazed tiles are
had been done before the coming of the Spaniards. The given one firing which produces their respective degrees of
Dutch undoubtedly learned the art of making fine tiles vitrification, colors, and surface textures. The colors in
65
PORTION OF RENDERING BY S C I I E L L L E W I S R E P R O D U C E D AT THE E X A C T SIZE OF T H E ORIGINAL
DRAWN FOR T H O M P S O N , H O L M E S , AND CONVERSE, ARCHITECTS S E E P A C E 41 FOR E N T I R E DRAWING
[66]
B U R N T CLAY
unglazcd tiJes are produced either by the selection of the forerunner of the marble tile of the Pcriclean Age
clays which w i l l burn to the desired colors, or by the addi- in Greece. The Chinese, Coreans, and Japanese have all
tion of certain metallic oxides such as the oxides of cobalt, made very beautiful roofing tiles f o r centuries, and some
chromium, and so on. The nature of the raw materials, authorities claim that they have treated tiles in an artistic
and the color ingredients determine that some mixtures manner approached by no other ancient country except
can be fired to complete vitrification, while others do not Greece and Italy. By far the most widely used f o r m of
permit of this, as physical destruction of the product tile is the pan and cover type, called "mission t i l e " in
would result. Due to this, unglazed tiles are burned this country. These tiles have been used f o r centuries
either vitreous or semivitreous according to their• colors. on both sides of the Mediterranean, in North Africa,
I n producing glazed tiles, the "green" tiles which are to Spain, Portugal, Southern France, Italy, Greece, and
be given a glazed surface, are first fired in a "biscuit" Asia Minor, and introduced by the Spaniards into the
kiln, at a temperature of over 2000 degrees Fahrenheit. West Indies, Mexico, California, and the Spanish settle-
This produces the "biscuit," "bisque," or "body" which is ments of South America, and by the Portuguese into Brazil.
made either by the plastic or the dust pressed process. In Normandy, Brittany, and England the flat shingle tile
A f t e r firing the biscuit is coated with the glazing liquid, was used almost exclusively. In the south of England one
which is made f r o m pulverized flint, feldspar, clay, and sees hardly anything but red tile roofs; it is safe to say
a flux, and then placed in the gloss kiln, where it is sub- that seventy-five per cent of all the roofs in Salisbury
jected to slightly lower temperatures than in the first arc tile and almost every parish church in Canterbury has
firing, which produces the glaze, and unites it with the a tile roof. I n Sussex the tiles average 10" long, 6-54"
biscuit. Lead and tin arc also used in some glazes, in wide and thick. In other parts of the country they
which case they can not be subjected to as high a tem-
were about 9^4" l° g> 5-Hi" wide and Yz" thick. In
n
perature as the feldspar glazes. Colors in glazed tiles are

addition to tiling their roofs, it was quite a common prac-
produced by the use of various metallic oxides, mixed
tice in the south of England during the late Seventeenth
with zinc to distribute the color, which stain the base or
and early Eighteenth Centuries to hang the walls of dwell-
flux of the glaze while it is in a state of fusion.
ing houses with tile. The tiles which were used f o r this
The colors in dust pressed vitreous tiles are white, purpose were either the plain rectangular, half-round
celadon, silver gray, green-blue, green, light blue, dark or fish scale and the Vee shape.
r
blue, pink, cream, and the granites of these various colors; Crooked or Flemish tiles, a type of interlocking tile,
and the colors in the dust pressed semivitreous tiles are were used on low pitched roofs in England. I n Belgium,
buff, salmon, light gray, red, chocolate, black, and the Germany, and the Scandinavian countries various types of
granites of these various colors. Glazed tiles are classed as interlocking tiles were used, and in certain parts of Ger-
"glazed," "enameled," or " d u l l finished." Tiles having many shingle tiles were used. The first roofing tiles made
a white body and a bright finished colorless glaze arc in the United States were probably made by Indians in
called "glazed" tiles; tiles having a white body and a California, under the direction of the Spanish padres.
bright finished colored glaze are called "enamels," and These tiles were the pan and cover type similar to those
all tiles having a dull or matt finish, either colored or made in Spain. They were made by hand, and tradition
white are called dull finished. has it that they were moulded over the thigh of the worker.
Faiences are produced in many colors and are frequently The first roofing tiles made in the English colonies were
modelled and ornamented in relief, and with raised line made in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, by German
decorations. Quarry tiles arc a large size machine made settlers, about 1735, and the Moravians at Bethlehem made
tile 6" x 6" and 9" x 9", }i" and 1" thick. The Welsh roofing tiles as early as 1740. These were shingle tiles
quarries are made f r o m clay and are repressed; the Ameri- patterned after German tiles. A t Gcrmantown, Ohio,
can quarries are made f r o m shale, w i t h an auger machine. about 1814 an enterprising German made enough shingle
The Welsh quarries are either red or brown, and the tiles to cover his own house, and at Zoar, Ohio, about
American run in various shades of red and buff. The buff 1820, the Zoarites, a religious sect, made shingle tiles by
tiles are made f r o m shale mixed with fire clay. At the hand and some of the old buildings roofed with these tiles
present time the variety of tiles produced by the American are still standing. A l l of these early attempts at tile
manufacturers is actually bewildering, and in addition to making were tentative and purely local in their character,
the domestic product a large variety of imported tiles is and it was not until 1888, that the making of roofing tiles
on the market, f r o m Asia, North Africa, Spain, Holland on anv scale was started, when the Celadon Terra Cotta
and France, and it is not difficult to obtain antique tiles Company, was established at A l f r e d , New York. This
from Persia, Tunis, Spain, and Holland, i f you know plant is still in operation, and is now a part of the
where to go for them. Ludowici-Celadon Company, the original company having
merged with the Ludowici T i l e Company, who started
Roofing tiles have been used ever since man decided to making tile at Chicago Heights in 1893.
have a better and tighter roof than thatch. When or
where they were first made no one knows, probably in The roofing tiles of a few years ago were not what could
Asia Minor, and probably not long after in China, and be called an artistic success, the most common type was an
surely several centuries before Christ. One of the very "S" shaped interlocking tile called "Spanish" mostly be-
earliest records we have arc tiles found in the ruins of cause such a tile was never made in Spain. Several other
the Temple of Hera at Olympia, dating nearly one thou- types of interlocking tiles were also made, all of which
sand years before Christ. These tiles are of the pan and were too mechanical to be beautiful, but all of that has
cover type, and are quite similar to the same type of tile changed during the past twenty years, and today our Amer-
used at the present time, except that they are of a wide ican tile manufacturers are turning out tiles which are
segmental section, whereas the present-day tile is prac- really beautiful, and not far behind the old tiles of
tically a half circle in section. Europe.
Both in Greece and Etruria the early temples were At the present time several factories in different parts
roofed with tile using a broad flat pan with flanged edges of the country are making very good mission tiles, both in
and segmental tapered covers, this form of clay tile was straight barrel and tapered barrel types, and two factories
[67 1
that I know are making very good shingle tiles, so good technically skilled service, backed up with unquestioned
that when properly laid they would easily be mistaken, in honesty of purpose.
photographs, f o r English tile of a century ago. I n addition "Remember that professional pride and responsibility
to these exceptional tiles, the various types of interlocking must govern every act of any professional man to whom
tiles are to be had. Roofing tiles are made either f r o m you may safely entrust your affairs—either of health, law
shale or f r o m mixed terra cotta clay and shale, and are or building. I f you want efficient service, it is up to you
made mostly by machine. The colors other than the to see to it that these men have adequate remuneration on
natural burning colors of the shale and clay, are produced which to live. No man can do his best when he is hungry,
w i t h slips, practically the same as described f o r terra cotta. poorly clothed, or when his creditor is at the door."
A small amount of tiles is imported into this country
f r o m Belgium, but the demand is not very large. When F U R T H E R C O O P E R A T I O N FOR B E T T E R M E N T
M r . Deering, the multi-millionaire plough manufacturer,
OF C O N D I T I O N S I N T H E B U I L D I N G I N D U S T R Y
built his mansion at Miami some fourteen or fifteen years
ago, it was not thought possible to obtain a modern Amer- T H E CONVENTION OF the sixteen Southern Chapters of the
ican tile that would give the desired effect, so agents were American Institute of Architects and the Producers' Coun-
sent over to Cuba, where they bought the tiles on a num- cil held at Memphis, Tennessee, during the week of
ber of old roofs. These were sent to M i a m i , and re-laid October 9th to 16th has led to steps being taken toward a
on the new roofs. I t was found that some of these tiles closer cooperation of the two bodies in matters of the
had originally been made in Spain, and shipped over to broadest consequence both to the architectural profession
Cuba, as they bore the Spanish makers' marks. More re- and producers of building materials, and equipment. A t
cently a New York millionaire who is building a residence no previous convention has there been shown such appre-
on Long Island, purchased the tiles f r o m several old roofs ciation of the mutual interdependence of the several
in Normandy and Brittany and had them shipped over branches of the construction industry—the planning or
here to be re-used. architectural groups, the material producing group and the
Now in closing let me say, that I am not attempting to group which erects buildings f r o m plans and materials
give a f u l l and complete account of the clay industry, but furnished by the other two.
merely to write an epitome that may be of some help to This was the keynote of an address delivered f o r the
the young specification writer in getting a little better producers by M r . F. P. Byington, President of the Pro-
general knowledge of these materials and their uses. ducers' Council, to a combined luncheon of the Institute
Board of Directors, visiting chapters, members of the
Producers' Council and contractors. Speaking of a plan
I L L I N O I S S O C I E T Y OF A R C H I T E C T S '
now being worked out to uphold and strengthen the
PUBLICITY CAMPAIGN leadership of the architectural profession in the conduct
(Continued from page 52) of the country's building operations, M r . Byington pledged
the united support of the building material group, which
want to know just what constitutes proper architectural
in the industries represented in Producers' Council mem-
preparation and practice in order that you may be able to
bership comprehended over two million persons employed
distinguish them f r o m inadequate preparation and improper
in over nine thousand plants, mills, and factories having a
practice. We believe you w i l l find the enclosed folder
total capital of over twenty-two billion five hundred
very helpful in this respect. Architectural registration is
million dollars.
intended solely as an Act f o r public benefit. The pro-
fession, as represented by this Society, is f u l l y aware of The program f o r closer cooperation between the Insti-
the fact that any incompetent, dishonest or reckless prac- tute, Council and organizations representing general con-
tice on the part of an Architect is a crime against the com- tracting interests w i l l be worked out i n conference with a
munity and a reflection against the good name of our committee appointed by the Institute to meet with a com-
profession. mittee of the producers at an early date.
"And f o r this reason the Society offers you at all times
the support of this Committee in the prosecution of any EXHIBITION OF T H E ARCHITECTURAL
unfaithfulness on the part of Architects." L E A G U E OF N E W Y O R K
Personally Addressed to Bankers: T H E A R C H I T E C T U R A L L E A G U E of New York w i l l hold its

F o r t y - f i f t h Annual Exhibition of Architecture and the
"Naturally you are deeply interested in equity in build-
Allied Arts at the building of the American Fine Arts
ing. Your position as a banker makes that interest
Society, 215 West 5 7th Street, New York, f r o m Saturday,
imperative.
February 1st to Sunday, March 2nd, inclusive.
" T h e foundation of earning power in buildings is
The Jury of Award f o r the Medals of Honor in Archi-
based on judicious planning. The advertising value of a tecture, Decorative Painting, Sculpture, and Landscape
building is based on an artistic presentation; the structural Architecture is composed o f : Raymond M . Hood, ex-officio
and enduring safety is based on competent specification chairman; Gilmore D . Clarke, William Adams Delano,
and unprejudiced supervision of construction. John Gregory, Arthur Loomis Harmon, Henry V.
"Your only source f o r this service is the trustworthy and Hubbard, E l y J. Kahn, H . A . Mac Neil, Edward M c -
competent Architect. And we believe you w i l l find the Cartan, H i l d r e t h Meiere, Austin Purves, Jr., Eugene
enclosed folder helpful in setting f o r t h just what the Savage, Ralph Thomas Walker, and Ferruccio Vitale.
worthwhile Architect docs f o r his client.
"The difference between valuable and valueless archi-
tectural service is a difference in integrity, natural ability, A CORRECTION
education, adequate experience, and alertness in supervision. I N T H E ADVERTISEMENT of the Nailcrcte Corporation in
I t is not a difference in the number of sheets of drawings, our October issue in which the Loyola College Build-
or even in the size of bank account or office organization. ing is illustrated, the architect was incorrectly stated.
"What you want to buy when you employ an architect is T . Franklin Power, of Los Angeles, is the architect.
[68 1
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THE "E"S A R E \h" H I G H ON T i l IS DRAWING
FROM SOME FULL-SIZE D E T A I L S BY W H I T M A N AND GOODMAN, ARCHITECTS
[69]
HSt- &
A.C L I N E I N M E T A L C O N O U I T O H B.l
TO O W N E R ' S L I G H T I N G S U P P L Y
D I S T R I B U T I O N PANEL W I T H FUSED
M A I N S W I T C H A N D 2 AMP FUSES
IN BRANCHES.
W H E R E L I G H T I N G SUPPLY HAS
GROUNDED N E U T R A L FUSE ONE SIDE
ONLY. OTHERWISE FUSE B O T H S I D E S
CENTRAL COUPLING UNtTS.(RFe)

TO B € L O C A T E D I N P E N T H O U S E OR
OTWER S U I T A B L E P L A C E N E A R A N -
GETHER* 0 B
° U ' f > CLOSELY TO-
E V T E N S I O N C O U P L I N G U N I T S I R F X ) , T o BE
L O C A T E D Of R I S E R I N C L O S E T , P A N T R Y A
OR ANY A C C E S S I B L E BUT INCONSPICUOUS
N O T M O R E T H A N T E N R F X UNITS.
U A » BE C O N N E C T E D TO O N E R F C U N I T
FOR A O O t T I O N A L FLOORS IN T A L L
BUILDINGS INSTALL E X T R A RFC
U N I T S I N PENT HOUSE AND RUN
3
RISEP.S W I T H LOADING COILS A P -
P R O X I M A T E L Y 2 0 F » . A P A R T TO R F X T E R M I N A L N O . 2 OF N E X T
UNITS O N FLOORS B E L O W . EXCEPT ;—R
R F X SSH HOOUUL D BE C O N N E C T E D T O
THUS A L T E R N A T I N G
THIS SIOEj ONE P » N s l 4 R.C I N
METAL CONOUIT OR
LMH2., N . 14 8 X . TO NEAREST
B R A N C H OF T E N A N T ' S
LIGHTING SUPPLY.
A- STANDARD SPACING FOR R F L U N I T S APPROX. 2 0 Ft.

CENTRALIZED RADIO B» AS S H O R T AS P0S5IBLE.
W I R I N G DIAGRAM C- WOT M O R E THAN IOFT. PREFERABLY LESS

R.F, D I S T R I B U T I O N SYSTEM FOR A L T E R N A T I N G CURRENT
TYPICAL LAYOUT OF WIRING DIAGRAM FOR CENTRALIZED RADIO INSTALLATION

CENTRALIZED RADIO EQUIPMENT
By E. Jay Quinby
Centralized Radio Engineer, Engineering Test Dept., Radio-Victor Corporation of America
PROBABLY WE CAN all agree that wherever wc live it is water and run a pipe down to his apartment somehow or
very desirable to be entertained, and certainly radio is other,—the best way he could—and each time a tenant
one of the important vehicles of entertainment today. moved out he would, of course, take his equipment with
The problem of gaining good radio reception in a him, and the new tenant would put in some more equip-
private dwelling is comparatively simple, and any means ment according to his own individual ideas. That is a
which arc necessary for obtaining good radio reception rather far-fetched comparison, but nevertheless, it is
affect no one but the individual who dwells in the house. worthy of consideration.
However, i f we have a number of families under one Today our incoming tenant rigs up brackets. He cuts
roof, as we have in the case of an apartment house, the holes in your walls. He has to chip plaster in order to
different methods used by each family to get good radio get his insulator brackets fixed. He has to lash makeshift
reception are not only very likely to affect the next door masts to the ventilator pipes on the roof, and he is not so
neighbor, but they are most certain to do so. careful about the waterproofing materials on your roof.
In the apartment house, i f wc want to install a radio Leaks are started, and repairs must be made. Probably
receiver, we must—that is, under present conditions— you have been through that experience.
either engage a service man or do the work ourselves of Then again, we come to the modern apartment house,
rigging up an antenna on the roof, probably trailing a which is a good deal taller and accommodates many more
lead-in wire outside the building, down over the front or families. W i t h the new building laws we have the "set-
the side or down through an internal court. We must back" construction, so that as wc gradually approach the
bore some holes through the window casing, trail a wire top of the building the roof space dwindles down until
around the room to the location of the set, and rig up a wc get practically no roof whatever. I n some cases it
ground connection on the water pipe or steam pipe. winds up in a steeple or pyramid of some kind, and it
A l l very well, except that when we have a large build- becomes more and more difficult for each tenant to rig up
ing, with say anywhere f r o m thirty to one hundred or an antenna on a roof of that kind.
possibly four hundred families, all trying to get a good So, to meet that condition, there is now available a
antenna on the roof, with good down lead wires, then system called the multiple receiver antenna system. I t is
we run into trouble, as you probably have experienced. a branch of our centralized radio industry, and it is now
The tenants get into trouble between themselves, and they possible to erect a central antenna, ideally located where
go to the landlord about the thing. it w i l l pick up a maximum of the desired radio energy and
They have to rig up masts on the roof. They eventually a minimum of the undesirable interference, and electrical
erect a forest of wires on the roof that looks something noise (electric disturbances) and then to feed the energy
like an African jungle, and f r o m time to time one picked up by that antenna into central coupling units
wire belonging to one man w i l l drop across not only one located near the top of the building, f o r instance, in a
but several other wires belonging to other tenants, and penthouse or the top of an elevator shaft or any inconspicu-
disrupt the whole scheme of things, so that the programs ous but accessible position.
are interfered w i t h . Then, out of these central coupling units conduits are
Now, we have been evading this issue f o r a number of run, with conductors, down to each apartment much the
years. I t is gradually getting more and more important. same as for electric lights; in each apartment a small coup-
Let us turn back the calendar to the period between about ling unit is located in an inconspicuous but accessible posi-
1900 and 1904, when apartment houses were first putting tion, we w i l l say in a pantry, closet, or foyer hall, wherever
in electric lighting. You w i l l recall that the first apart- you might locate a fuse cutout or electric meter.
ment houses had electric light provisions only in the From that position a branch is run to the probable loca-
living room and the dining room, or, the parlor and the tion of the radio receiver, somewhere in the living room,
dining room, as they were called in those days, but the bed- we w i l l say. That branch terminates in a small wall plate,
rooms, kitchens, etc., were not equipped. They had gas the size of an ordinary two gang plate. That little plate
fixtures in those rooms. provides a power outlet for the radio set, and a radio con-
Then gradually the electric lighting companies connection to the antenna above.
vinced apartment house builders that the thing to do There is a switch on that plate, so when you turn the
would be to equip every room in all the apartments for switch on, you immediately start your set up. At the same
electric light, and gradually to do away with those gas time that switch controls the coupling unit I just spoke
fixtures, because the electric system had become sufficiently of, in the foyer or pantry. Immediately the tenant is
reliable and superior to furnish illumination, and the gas connected to the central antenna.
fixtures were no longer required. That system is so successful that it provides reception as
Now, today in the radio industry we arc facing very good as or better than you could get from an individual
much the same situation. We have to convince apartment antenna put up f o r each receiver. You get really better
house owners and builders that something should be done results in most cases than you could possibly get by
to accommodate the tenants with respect to good radio running a separate antenna f o r your own receiver.
reception, and not to leave each tenant to shift for himself. Furthermore, it avoids the troublesome interconnection
The following possibly is a very far-fetched comparison, between the multiplicity of receivers all using separate
but I am going to draw it, anyway. Imagine how silly it antennae on the same roof. I n other words, whatever one
would be for a tenant to move into an apartment and find tenant does on his particular branch w i l l never affect a
there was no provision f o r water supply. He'd have tenant on any other branch throughout the building.
to go up on the roof and rig up a tank to catch his rain A man on one branch can have any type of radio re-
[ 71 1
ceivcr. H e can have a regenerative set or radio frequency operate twenty-four hours a day. Under present condi-
set or any of the modern circuits or ancient circuits—it tions, one central coupling unit w i l l take care of ten apart-
makes no difference. Whatever he does on his particular ments and as many as eight central coupling units may be
extension can never affect any one on any other extension. placed on one antenna, so with one antenna wire on the
Furthermore, we have eliminated the troublesome pick-up roof as many as eighty apartments can be supplied.
of electrical disturbances and interference due to the long Let us consider a building that has one hundred and
down lead outside the building or down through the court. sixty apartments. We would then put up two antenna
Once we get a good clean signal into the central coup- wires on the roof and we'd simply duplicate the system as
ling unit that radio program or radio signal is kept per- already described f o r the remaining eighty apartments.
fectly clean and free of disturbances all the way down on The biggest building we have yet equipped is four
every branch throughout the entire system. Furthermore, hundred and twenty apartments. They don't often come
the man way down at the bottom o f the building gets that large, and there have been some instances where we
exactly the same results as the man right up at the top. have had to put in equipment f o r only a few apartments or
In the past, the man at the top of the building had the a few stores.
advantage because he was closest to the antenna and did not Very often a building owner has an opportunity to rent
have to use the long lead-in. a store down on the ground floor f o r a radio business, but
it is impractical to operate a radio enterprise in that store
The trouble with a long lead-in is that it is shielded
on account of poor radio receiving conditions, and the solu-
f r o m the useful radio waves which we want to pick up.
tion to that problem then would be to put in one central
At the same time it is exposed to the undesirable interfer-
coupling unit and one extension coupling unit, so as to
ence, such as the sparking of all the switches throughout
connect that store with an antenna at the top of the build-
the building, all the various forms of violet-ray machines,
ing. So, it is advisable, in some cases, to equip just one
washing machines, electric refrigerators, and X-ray
extension in a big building, in order to put over a radio
machines in buildings where wc have doctors and dentists.
enterprise of that kind.
W i t h the new system the lead-ins or transmission lines,
I am simply giving you the two extremes—anywhere
as we call them, which connect each tenant w i t h the cen-
f r o m one to four or five hundred extensions are perfectly
tral antenna, are completely shielded f r o m these disturb-
practical.
ances and can transmit only useful radio programs.
What I have described is the system which has been
These transmission lines bring down f r o m the antenna
develop f o r apartment houses where the tenants own
the entire broadcast prism. A l l the wave lengths, all the
their own furniture and bring their own equipment into
frequencies are brought down f r o m the antenna, just in
the building.
the f o r m which they were picked up by the antenna, and
We have another system which is designed to accommo-
are available at every extension.
date buildings of the apartment hotel type.
Furthermore, as the television era dawns, we w i l l have Briefly, the apartment hotel is one in which the guest or
to depend more and more upon transmission lines of this tenant does not own the furniture. H e rents the place
kind, because television is not going to be practical with completely furnished, and in that case he would not wish
the ordinary antenna system. Something of this sort must to be bothered with moving in his own radio set and con-
be used f o r television, and I think we w i l l all agree that necting it up. For large buildings of this kind we have
reception of sound combined with reception of television another system known as the centralized radio system with
(optical or visible effects) is going to be a fine thing. AF distribution (audio-frequency distribution).
It is here now, but it is not yet reduced to an economical In this case, our central station is not just a group of
basis. We can't hope to have television receivers in all the coupling units. Our central station is then a group of
apartments under present conditions. I t is a little bit too complete radio receivers with amplifiers and the branches
expensive, but it merely remains to put television on an extending f r o m that central station go to loudspeakers
economical basis, so that it w i l l be available f o r everybody. which arc placed in each apartment or each room.
Now, f o r equipping new buildings it is a comparatively These loudspeakers may be obtained in the flush wall
simple problem, and I would say comparatively cheap. I t type, so that they can be sunk right in the wall with a
is a good deal cheaper than wiring an apartment f o r elec- little metal grille and controls right on the face plate of
tric light, because you don't have to put in a whole net- the box. Upon entering that apartment, in order to get
work covering all the rooms in each apartment. One outlet good radio reception, it is merely necessary to turn one of
is sufficient per apartment. I t is quite practical to run an the knobs to the desired volume, and you may turn the
extension f r o m that one outlet down along the baseboard other knob to any one of several channels, giving you the
or underneath the carpet to a set located any moderate choice of several programs on any extension.
distance f r o m that extension or outlet. I t is not necessary
That is what we use in the hotels, but the first system
to equip more than one room in any apartment except, in
which I described is the one which is most important f o r
the case of the more de luxe apartments, where you have
the apartment house building.
two floors. Then it is advisable to provide an outlet on
Geography has a big influence on your problems, but wc
both of those floors.
can all agree that good radio reception is desirable, no
The system, as it is at present designed, places the matter where we are, and that the radio issue in the
coupling units in each apartment on the tenant's meter. apartment house field has been evaded quite long enough.
He pays f o r the current which supplies that coupling unit. Something definite should be done and we arc making it
There is a vacuum tube device in that coupling unit, which possible and practical f o r you to do something to accommo-
allows the radio energy f r o m the transmission line to be date the tenants in this respect.
fed to the set, but which prevents any energy f r o m being We have known of instances where the tenants were
fed back f r o m that set onto the transmission line. dissatisfied on account of the extremely poor radio
The central coupling units up at the top of the building conditions and simply moved out of the building. We
are connected to the owner's supply. There are vacuum have known o f test suits in which lack of good radio
tubes in those coupling units, and they are intended to facilities was a basis f o r breaking leases. There always
[72]
C E N T R A L I Z E D RADIO E Q U I P M E N T
is the cost o f the central coupling unit Radiotrons plus

the current to run them. H e bears no expense f o r operat-
ing the extension coupling units, as these are taken care of
by the tenants through the superintendent. When a
tenant wants a new Radiotron f o r his extension, he rings
up the superintendent, and the superintendent makes re-
placement out of his stock. H e should carry a small stock,
not more than three or four Radiotrons f o r this purpose,
because as fast as one is used he can get another one.
We are often asked i f the small antenna devices which
plug into the electric light sockets would not be just as
good as the system just described.
Let me make clear how such devices function. I n some
TYPICAL ANTENNA "JUNGLE" ON A N E W YORK localities we have overhead electric light supply lines on
APARTMENT HOUSE poles. I t is possible that the device w i l l be satisfactory in
those localities, due to the fact that the overhead wires
have been lots of excuses, but that is just one more. w i l l pick up a certain amount of the desirable radio energy.
However, it is safe to say that i f two apartment houses On the other hand, they do pick up a lot of disturbance
were built side by side, similar in every respect with the at the same time. The results obtainable f r o m such devices
exception that the one was completely equipped with cen- w i l l be very widely variable, but the results obtainable f r o m
tralized radio, it would be easier to fill the one apartment the system I have just described are absolutely fixed, and at
than the other, and a lot more convenient f o r the tenants, all times it w i l l be superior in performance. The small
and possibly better f o r the landlord or the owner. antenna devices w i l l pick up the same disturbances that the
The question is frequently asked us concerning this long lead-in wires to the ordinary antenna on the roof
equipment, "Can the tenant get any station he wants, or w i l l pick up—often more.
is he limited to stations that are connected at the top?" The trouble w i t h such devices is that your "pickup" is
The answer is, that with the apartment house system, right in the heart of all the interference. You are pick-
which we call the multiple receiver antenna system, the ing up possibly 80 Jo of energy f r o m surrounding electrical
whole broadcast prism is transmitted through the entire devices which are noisy (such as vacuum cleaners and arcing
building so you can get any station that is on the air with switches and elevator contactors, X-ray machines and what-
sufficient field strength to affect that locality; you can get not). However, with this multiple receiver antenna system
any station that you could get w i t h your own individual your antenna is so located that it picks up, let us say, more
antenna, and get either as good results or better. than 9 0 % of useful radio energy and less than 10% of
We arc often asked i f this system is as practical f o r the the undesirable disturbance.
purpose as the underground antenna. The results obtain- A l l kinds of apartments, f r o m the smallest, say two or
able f r o m this system are far superior to anything that three stories high, up to twenty-five or thirty story build-
could possibly be obtained by an underground antenna. ings, have been equipped with Centralized Radio Systems.
An ordinary stock set of any design or type which would We have just finished the Allerton Hotel in Chicago,
work on a separate antenna, may be used on this system. which is a twenty-eight story building with 1000 rooms,
Concerning the Radiotrons required, we have a group of and we have just completed the apartments at 245 West
central coupling units up in the penthouse at the top of the 107th St., New York, and the Beresford Apartments on
building. Each one of these has a vacuum tube device with- Central Park West, at Eighty-eighth Street, New York.
in it that burns twenty-four hours a day, so that this service The cost of the equipment and labor can be compared
is available at all times. This group of coupling units is with the cost of wiring that building f o r electric light,
normally connected to the owner's lighting system, so with the same number of outlets. I t would probably cost
that this current is registered on the owner's meter. There the same f o r each radio outlet as it would cost for each
is a vacuum tube device connected on the meter of each electric light outlet. I n existing buildings, surface conduit
tenant, as in each apartment we have an extension coupling may be used.
unit. I t has been common practice to let the tenant pay
for this Radiotron, although he obtains it f r o m the super-
intendent of the building. This Radiotron is placed in a
little box about six by eight inches sunk flush in the wall.
When the tenant turns on his switch this Radiotron begins
to function. The minute he shuts it off, his set and this
device cease to function.
I f a Radiotron burns out in one of the central coupling
units, it would be perfectly obvious that this has happened,
because all the tenants on the corresponding line would be
affected, but it is common practice to replace them before
the end of their normal l i f e has been reached.
The object of putting in the coupling units, is to pro-
vide one way valves so that energy w i l l be transmitted
down f r o m the antenna to each apartment, but nothing
w i l l be returned f r o m any apartment to the antenna to R O O F O F A P A R T M E N T A T 245 W E S T 107TH STREET,
cause interference with the neighbors. However, it does NEW YORK.
so happen that these devices do act as amplifiers, which is SUGARMAN AND BERGER, ARCHITECTS
another advantage of this system. Showing central wire erected to feed the entire building
The operating expense which is imposed upon the owner of 117 apartments using the system herewith described.
[73]
[74 ]
[75]
SERVICE DEPARTMENTS
T H E M A R T . I n this department we w i l l print, free o f charge, notices f r o m readers (dealers excepted) having
for sale, or desiring to purchase books, drawing instruments and other property pertaining directly to the profession or
business in which most o f us are engaged. Such notices w i l l be inserted in one issue only, but there is no l i m i t to the
number o f different notices pertaining to different things which any subscriber may insert.
PERSONAL N O T I C E S . Announcements concerning the opening o f new offices f o r the practice o f architecture,
changes in architectural firms, changes of address and items o f personal interest w i l l be printed under this heading free
of charge.
Q U E R I E S A N D ANSWERS. I n this department we shall undertake to answer to the best o f our ability all ques-
tions f r o m our subscribers concerning the problems o f the drafting room, broadly considered. Questions o f design, con-
struction, or anything else which may arise i n the daily work o f an architect or a draftsman, are solicited. Where such
questions are o f broad interest, the answers w i l l be published i n the paper. Others w i l l be answered promptly by letter.
FREE E M P L O Y M E N T SERVICE. I n this department we shall continue to print, free o f charge, notices f r o m
architects or others requiring designers, draftsmen, specification writers, or superintendents, as well as f r o m those seeking
similar positions. Such notices w i l l also be posted on the job bulletin board at our main office, which is accessible to all.
SPECIAL N O T I C E T O A R C H I T E C T S L O C A T E D O U T S I D E O F T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S : Should you be
interested i n any building material or equipment manufactured in America, we w i l l gladly procure and send, without
charge, any information you may desire concerning i t .
Notices submitted for -publication in these Service Departments must reach us before the fifth of each month
if thev are to be inserted in the next issue. Address all communications to 419 Fourth Avenue, New York, N. Y.
THE MART W. A. Wall, 502 So. Grand Avenue, Bozcman, Montana,

w i l l sell f o r f i f t y cents each, the following copies o f
H . T i l f o r d Moore, 850 Charles Street, St. Paul, M i n n . ,
P E N C I L POINTS: August, 1928, to May, 1929, inclusive.
would like to obtain Volume I I , N o . 3, and Volume I I I ,
No. 4, of The White Pine Series of Architectural Mono- Charles A . Rais, 40 King Street, Westfield, Mass., has
graphs. for sale all copies of P E N C I L POINTS f r o m June, 1920,
David Zoethout, 25 5 Marguerita Lane, Pasadena, Calif., to the present date in good condition, with six P E N C I L
has the following copies o f P E N C I L POINTS f o r sale: A p r i l , POINTS binders.
May, June, August, September, October, and November, Fred F. Florig, 711 Collins Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa.,
1926; February, March, June, July, September, October, wishes the January, February, and March, 1929, issues of
and December, 1927; January, February, and March, PENCIL POINTS.
1928. John H . Liebau, 238 Main Street, Hackcnsack, N . J.,
Piper & Brooker, Empire Bldg., 14 Swanson Street, has f o r sale a complete up-to-date A . L A . file, complying
Auckland, New Zealand, wish a copy of June, 1924, and with the Standard Construction classification f o r Filing.
August, 1925, P E N C I L POINTS.
Price $50.00 without steel cabinet; $70.00 with cabinet.
Raymond Pitcairn, 1830 Land T i t l e Bldg., Philadelphia,
Pa., would like to secure a copy o f the November, 192 5, D. W . Polhemus, c/o New York Telephone Company,
issue o f P E N C I L POINTS.
158 State Street, Albany, New York, would like to have
the January, February, and March, 1929, issues o f P E N C I L
Arthur W . Hodgkins, 2145-C Street, N . W . , Apt. 714,
POINTS.
Washington, D . C , would like to have a copy o f the
September, 1926, issue of P E N C I L POINTS.
S. Abrams, 622 Mifflin Street, Philadelphia, Pa., has f o r
PERSONALS
sale a drawing board 6 ' 8 " by 3'4*4" by adjust-
able to any angle, in good condition. M A X H O R N , formerly o f Horn & Ligeti, is now engaged
J. C. Gardner, 9500 Jones M i l l Road, Chevy Chase, in the practice o f architecture and engineering at 1501
Md., would like to secure a copy of the September, 1926, Broadway, New York, N . Y . , and 171 Beach 75th Street,
issue of P E N C I L POINTS. Arverne, L . I . , N . Y .
Smith Solar & Smith M i l l e r , Bolsa De Comercio, E. FORD T I R R E L L has moved his office f r o m 932 Purchase
Oficinas 330-331-332, Santiago de Chile, South America, Street, New Bedford, Mass., to 10 Devonshire Street,
would like to have the January and February, 1928, Boston, Mass.
issues o f P E N C I L POINTS.
J . G . BRAECKLEIN, JR., formerly of Los Angeles, Calif.,
H . W . Lang, 160 S. Wilson Avenue, Pasadena, Cal., has
has become a f u l l partner o f J . G . Braecklein. T h e firm
the following copies of P E N C I L POINTS f o r sale: complete
volumes f o r 1927, 1928, and 1929, i n perfect condition; w i l l practice under the name o f Braecklein & Braecklein
December, 1924; A p r i l , M a y , June, August, and Sep- at 220 Kresge Bldg., Kansas City, Kansas.
tember, 1925, i n fair condition. T e n dollars f o r the lot, CHARLES W . F R A N K has moved f r o m the Akron Savings
cxpressage to be paid by purchaser. and Loan Bldg. to 8 South Adolph Avenue, Akron, Ohio.
FREE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE ITEMS WILL BE FOUND ON PAGES 84, 88 AND 89 IN THE
ADVERTISING SECTION
[76]
PENCIL POINTS FOR JANUARY, 1930 SI
MARBLE
RENDERED WITH l> t> u
ELDORADO PENCILS^
I3Y ERIVEST W-WATSON-
FROM T H E O R I G f NAL
M A R B L E *LA MYSTERIEUSE*
BY ELI N A D E L M A N sculptor
TH IS D R A W I N G - SAYS T H E
A R T I S T - M E R E L Y H I N T S AT
THET E X Q U f S l T E L O V E L ] N ESS
O F T H £ O R I G I N A L It is not
offered as a reproduction
Lldc/iado- êxl u ûuu • •

Okislsone ofa series ofpencil lessons
prepared by UÛJUJIJ^ rVrite'onyour
letterhead for Sample of Dixons Eldorado,
Vhe faster Drawing Pencil" Jos. Dixon '
Crucible Co, Pencil Dept. 167-J.
Jersey City, N.J.
PUBLICATIONS
OF I N T E R E S T TO THE S P E C I F I C A T I O N WRITER
Publications mentioned here will be sent free unless otherwise noted, upon request, to readers of P E N C I L POINTS
by the firm issuing them. When writing for these items -please mention P E N C I L POINTS.
A r t s t o n e S t u c c o a n d T u c k a h o e P l a s t e r . — A descriptive J o h n s - M a n v i l l e F l o r i d e n e S t o n e . — A . I . A . File N o . 22-a-2.

book containing many illustrations showing the uses to which New illustrated folder with complete information on this type of
Artstone Portland Cement Stucco and Tuckahoe colored interior decorative stone adaptable for wall treatments, pilasters, columns,
plaster are being put. Complete stucco and plaster speciiications are wainscoting, floors, steps, mantels, etc. % / x 11. Johns-Manville
l
2
included, also series of plates showing textures. 24 pp. Standard Corporation, 292 Madison Ave., New Y o r k , N . Y .
riling size. Artstone Products, I n c . , 52 Vandcrbilt A v e . , New Y o r k , Published by the same firm, "Johns-Manville Insulating
N. Y . Board." A.I.A. File No. 37-a-l. New brochure, just issued, de-
Q u i e t i n g N o i s e w i t h S o u n d e x . — A . I . A . F i l e N o . 39-b. scribes the various applications for this type of insulating
Attractive new brochure with color photographs of this tile and board. Condensed specifications, detail drawings. 24 pp.
complete information covering its uses for absorbing sound in Standard filing size.
offices, auditoriums, schools, hospitals, and factories. 8J6 x 11. "Johns-Manville Tile Flooring, Type A." A.I.A. File No.
T h e Stockade Corp., Builders Exchange, Chicago, 111. 23-m. New publication, with series of color plates and detail
C o n c r e t e F l o o r s f o r R e s i d e n c e s . — P u b l i c a t i o n contains de- drawings, explains the characteristics and advantages of this
tailed description of three types of reinforced concrete residence flooring material for use in all types of buildings. Specifica-
floors—solid slab, tile and joist, and ribbed, with drawings show- tions. 16 pp. 8Yi x i t .
ing typical designs and construction methods. Design and form B a y l e y P l e x i f o r m F a n . — A . I . A . File N o . 3 0 - d - l . Catalog
details for reinforced concrete beams and columns arc also given No. 29p is devoted to detailed descriptions of this type of fan f o r
together with information on floor finishes. 20 pp. 8J/£ x H - use in heating, ventilating and air conditioning installations. I n -
Portland Cement Association, 347 Madison Ave., New York, N . Y . cludes application data, capacity tables and a brief outline of
typical buildings and purposes to which Plexiform fans may be and
E r e c t i o n a n d P r o t e c t i o n of R e f r i g e r a t i o n I n s u l a t i o n . —
have been adapted. 80 pp. SJ4 x 11. Bayley Blower C o . , 732
Bulletin with much valuable data on the subject of refrigeration
Greenbush St., Milwaukee, W i s .
insulation as applied particularly to cold storage buildings. Speci-
fications for materials, and methods of application arc included. Published by the same firm, "Chinookfin Heaters." A.I.A.
V/2 x 11. Lewis Asphalt Engineering Corp., 30 Church St., New File No. 30-d-l 1. Bulletin No. 29c presents complete descrip-
York, N . Y . tive and engineering data covering this type of indirect heater.
Capacity tables, dimension charts, piping diagrams. 32 pp.
D e s i g n e r s ' P a d s . — B o o k l e t with samples of ruled drawing and
Standard filing she.
letter paper, tracing cloth and natural tracing paper. Carl
M a r s P e n c i l s . — N e w booklet showing this complete line of
Schleicher & Schull, 17 Madison Ave., New Y o r k , N . Y .
drawing, copying, Polycolor artists' colored and colored chalk pencils.
Acoustolight. A . I . A . F i l e N o . 25-c. New document with J . S. Staedtlcr, I n c . , 53 Worth St., New York, N . Y .
descriptive data and directions for using this decorative finish for
M e s k e r C r u c i f o r m H e a v y D u t y S a s h . — A . I . A . File No.
acoustical surfaces. Profusely illustrated. 12 pp. Standard filing
16-e. Bulletin with descriptive data, specifications, installation de-
size. U . S. Gutta Perch a Paint Co., 19 Dudley St., Providence,
tails, sizes, standard sections covering this type of center pivoted
R. L
sash furnished in steel and genuine wrought iron. Standard filing
P e r m u t i t W a t e r S o f t e n e r s . — L o o s c l e a f binder with scries of size. Mesker Brothers Iron C o . , 421 South Sixth St., St. Louis, Mo.
illustrated bulletins giving complete engineering data and speci- Published by the same firm, "Mesker Wrought Iron Sash."
fications covering this line of water softeners, water filters and A.I.A. File No. 16-e. Illustrated bulletin devoted to subject
filtration equipment. Standard filing size. T h e Permutit C o . , indicated describes the manufacture and advantages of genuine
440 Fourth Ave., New Y o r k , N . Y . wrought iron as a sash metal. 8^/2 x 11.
R o d d i s D o o r s f o r H o s p i t a l s . — I l l u s t r a t e d bulletin with de- C h e n e y I n t e r l o c k i n g W a l l F l a s h i n g . — A . I . A . File N o .
scriptive data covering this type of door especially adapted for 12-h-l. Folder with descriptive data, details and specifications on
hospital installations. 16 pp. Standard filing size. Roddis Lumber this type of flashing. T h e Cheney Company, Winchester, Masi.
and Veneer Co., Marsh field, W i s .
Kohler Electric Sink. New illustrated folder describing this
Published by the same firm, "Roddis Doors for Holds." electrified modernized sink. Kohler Co., Kohler, Wis.
Bulletin setting forth the features of this door for hotels and Published by the same firm, "K of K Hygienic Closet Seats."
apartments and illustrating numerous representative installa- Folder with descriptive data covering this new line of closet
tions. 16 pp. sy x 11.
2
seats.
Y o u n g s t o w n B u c k e y e C o n d u i t . — A . I . A . File No. M-C-51. A n d N o w D r y L u m b e r . — A st.mdard filing size bookh •
Attractive illustrated brochure for architects and electrical engineers architects, engineers and all specifiers of lumber containing full
contains information and data on this type of conduit. Dimension explanation of the moisture content maximum provisions recently
drawings and tables. 20 pp. Standard filing size. T h e Youngs- adopted by the Southern Pine Association. 12 pp. Southern Pine
town Sheet and Tube Co., Youngstown, Ohio. Association, New Orleans, L a .
Published by the same firm, "Youngstown Pipe." A hand- C r i t t a l l M e t a l W i n d o w s . — V a l u a b l e new catalog for archi-
book of useful technical data including dimensions, weights, tects on the subject of solid steel and bronze windows. Descriptive
threads, etc., covering this line of tubular goods. Includes data, specifications, many pages of detail drawings, types and sizes
brief description of the processes used in the manufacture of and installation photographs. T h i s entire catalog is included in
welded and seamless pipe. Convenient pocket size. Indexed. the 1930 edition of Sweet's Architectural Catalog but duplicate
62 pp. copies are available to architects who need an individual catalog for
G u t h L i g h t i n g E q u i p m e n t . — A . I . A . File N o . 31-f-23. Cata- their files. 68 pp. Standard filing size. Crittall Casement Window
log No. 24, just off the press, lists and illustrates a large and varied Co., Detroit, Mich.
assortment of new and modern designs of lighting fixtures suitable B l a z e k C o l d S t o r a g e D o o r s . — C a t a l o g 29 D . Looscleaf
for hospitals, schools, commercial and public buildings. Indexed. document prepared especially for architects and engineers describing
36 pp. Standard filing size. T h e E d w i n F . Guth C o . , Jefferson and illustrating this line of doors for all cooler and freezer purposes.
and Washington Aves., St. Louis, Mo. Specifications, blue print details. Indexed. 34 pp. Standard filing
R o e S a f e t y D o o r . — A . I . A . F i l e No. 19-e-15. Illustrated bulle- size. Blazek Cold Storage Door Co., 2232 West Lake St., Chicago,
tin with complete data and details covering this new type of door 111.
fitted with a steel grille, insect screen and secondary glass door for A i r F i l t e r C a l c u l a t o r . — A useful device, in the form of a
use in cottages, apartments and residences. Standard filing size. wheel calculator, for architects and specification writers, which
Roe Safety Door Co., 228 No. L a Salle St., Chicago, 111. affords a quick and convenient data table for figuring air filter
E v e r n u a n d N e v e r - S p l i t S e a t s . — A . I . A . File No. 29-h-22. installations. T h e calculator is available without cost to all those
Catalog H describes and illustrates this complete line of hard rubber desiring copies. Midwest A i r Filters, Inc., Bradford, P a .
and wood toilet seats. 32 pp. Standard filing size. Never-Split B u f f a l o W e t b o y U n i t H e a t e r . — A . I . A . File No. 30-d-2.
Seat Co., Evansville, I n d . Illustrated folder describes the construction and operation of this
1930 E d i t i o n — E v e r y t h i n g i n T i l e s . — A . I . A . File No. unit heater that cleans and moistens the air in addition to heating
23-a-2. New publication with descriptive and application data and it. %y x 11.
2 Buffalo Forge Co., P.6. Box 985, Buffalo, N . Y .
numerous color plates showing glazed and unglazed tiles, both (loor S w a r t w o u t C o n d e n s e d C a t a l o g . — B u l l e t i n S-10 illustrates
and wall, as well as decorative tiles for panels, inserts, etc. Outline and describes briefly this line of power plant equipment f o r the
specifications. 16 pp. Standard filing size. Rossman Corporation, regulation and control of steam and water. 8 pp. 8J4 x 11. T h e
160 E . 56th St., New York, N . Y . Swartwout Co., 18511 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, O.
Architects appreciate
Absolute Accuracy
of Andersen Trames
Cross section detail

below illustrates mortar
clinch grooves and caulk-
ing recess which make
weathertight installa-
tion easy and economical
Holland House
Forest Hills. L. I.,
owned and built by
Sht-llhall Realty Corp..
Architect
Ih tiji/min Braunstein,
Jamaica, N. Y.
H O L L A N DHOUSE is a beau-
tiful new apartment building
at Forest Hills, Long Island.
joining between frame and wall.
Official tests prove that Andersen
Frames installed in this way reduce
Andersen Window Frames for by 42% the air leakage around
masonry walls were installed in frames over ordinary installation.
While Pinefor PERMANENCE
this building because "they repre- Sills and casings of genuine
WeathertightJbr HOME COMFORT
sented the best in workmanship White Pine and noiseless, wear-
and material." proof pulleys are other features of
One feature of all Andersen Andersen Frames which particular
Frames which both architects and builders architects appreciate. Specify Andersen
appreciate is the extreme accuracy which in- Frames by name — there is no "or equal."
sures tight joints without refitting. Their pat-
ented mortar clinch grooves and recess for A N D E R S E N F R A M E C O R P O R A T I O N
caulking enable the builder to make a tight BAYPORT. MINNESOTA
FRAM E S
F O R W E A T H E R T I G H T C O N S T R U C T I O N U S E Andersen FRAMES
PENCIL POINTS F O R JANUARY, 1930
A Free Employment Service for Readers of Pencil Points

Replies to box numbers should be addressed care of P E N C I L P O I N T S , 419 Fourth Avenue, N e w York, N. Y.
Artists' Opportunity: Young man or young woman, bavins? Wanted: Architectural engineer, one who is capable of
creative talent, with an appreciation of chaste outline and handling electrical, plumbing and heating and structural de-
decorative ornament. Architectural training an advantage. sign in Mid-western architect's office. Box No. 17, care
We create designs for memorials only. Permanent employ- of P E N C I L POINTS.
ment, ideal conditions, location splendid city near Chicago. Position Wanted: Secretary, draftsman, receptionist.
Box No. 1, care of P E N C I L POINTS. Young lady, five years' experience, desires position with
Position Wanted: Architectural draftsman, 26 years old, architect where knowledge of drafting and stenography will
eight years' experience on all type of work. Can carry be of value. Box No. 18, care of PENCIL POINTS.
job from sketches to completion. Also some superintending. Position Wanted: Designer, modeler and sculptor for archi-
Available immediately. Salary $65.00 per week. Box No. tectural work. Twelve years' experience in high class work.
2, care of P E N C I L POINTS. Best of references. Box No. 19, care of PENCIL POINTS.
Position Wanted: Architectural student seeks position as Position Wanted: Young man would like position as junior
draftsman. One and one-half years' experience in drafting. draftsman with architect or as beginner in civil engineer inn
Salary secondary. Willing to work out of town. Box No. line. Two years' experience in tracing, some detailing, also
3, care of P E N C I L POINTS. know a little about chaining, taking field notes and rodding.
Position Wanted: Architectural draftsman and superintend- Highest references. Box No. 20, care of PENCIL POINTS.
ent of construction. College graduate. Twenty years' expe- Position Wanted: Designer, perspectives, details, in New
rience all types of construction. Squad boss. Can handle York City. Thirty-five years of age. Twelve years' varied
complete work. Chain store experience. Best references. experience. Box No. 22, care of PENCIL POINTS.
Registered New York and New Jersey. Can also do de-
signing, specifications and general work. Box No. 4, care Contractors may have their scale and full-size drawings
of P E N C I L POINTS. (ornamental and construction shop layouts) economically
and expertly done by an experienced chief draftsman who
Position Wanted: Stenographer-Secretary. Thoroughly ex- is thoroughly familiar with the requirements of the archi-
perienced in architectural and construction work. Knowl- tect's office. Woodwork, stone, terra cotta, iron work and
edge of Real Estate. Correspondent. Reliable, rapid and plaster. Box No. 23, care of PENCIL POINTS.
accurate stenographer. Call Tremont 1829 (New York Position Wanted: Thoroughly experienced and competent
City). architectural draftsman who has had ten years' experience
Position Wanted: Young man, four years' architectural in Germany specializing in the building of estates and
cast stone experience, desires position as draftsman in archi- country houses desires position with architect where there
tect's or builder's office. Box No. 6, care of PENCIL POINTS. is a chance for advancement. Will locate anywhere. Box
Position Wanted: Chief draftsman, age 30. Thoroughly No. 24, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
familiar with requirements of New York Building Depart- Position Wanted: Young man. twenty-four years old, two
ment; ten years' experience all types of buildings. Handle years' experience. Can trace and work on small plans.
job from sketches to completion. Designing, detailing. Middle west location. Salary no object. Box No. 25,
Specification writing, supervision. Desires permanent posi- care of P E N C I L POINTS.
tion with responsibilities. Jules L . Haut, 80 Van Cortlandt
Park South, New York, N . Y . Telephone, Kingsbridgc 9662. Position Wanted: Young man, 23, good education, study-
Position Wanted: Architect and engineer with Degrees and ing architectural drafting at night, desires position as junior
six years' experience all phases of construction. A t pres- in busy office where he will be given opportunity to learn,
ent employed as designer with large Railroad. Age 30. at least part of time. Expects living wage, will do most
Salary $60.00 per week. New York City or Chicago pre- anything to earn it. Box No. 26, care of PENCIL POINTS.
ferred. Box No. 7, care of PENCIL POINTS. Position Wanted: Hospital specialist (architectural) de-
Partner Wanted: College graduate Architect, practicing for sires permanent position with progressive architect or firm
six years in Illinois and Indiana, desires to communicate guaranteeing future for advancement. Can handle job from
with college trained draftsman, architect or engineer wish- preliminary sketches to finished drawings, check shop draw-
ing to enter office on a partnership basis. Box No. 8, care ings, etc. Can get good results from men under my super-
of P E N C I L POINTS.
vision. Sixteen years' broad experience. Box No. 27, care
Wanted: Monument concern wants draftsman. Must be Position Wanted: Architectural and terra cotta draftsman,
good on perspective and water color sketches. New York age 40, University education, ten years' terra cotta, five
City. Apply by letter only and mention training and salary years' architectural experience, desires position with archi-
required. Box No. 9, care of PENCIL POINTS. tect, art stone or cut stone company. Capable designing,
Position Wanted: Registered architect, twelve years' private working drawings, full size details, all classes of building.
practice and office manager New York City and middle Best references. Any location. Box No. 28. care of PENCIL
west, wishes to make connection with reputable architec- POINTS.
tural office as office manager or in executive capacity. Uni-
versity graduate, extensively travelled, A.I.A., thoroughly Position Wanted: Young man, age 20, as assistant modeler
versed in all phases of architectural practice. Box No. 10, with a reliable firm doing sculpture work to learn sculpture.
care of P E N C I L POINTS. Samples of work submitted upon request. Salary no object.
Address V . M c C , care Koeth Architectural Company, 51
Position Wanted: Architectural draftsman, University N . Main Street, Room No. 7, Hendersonville, N . C.
training, five years' practical experience, specializing in resi- Position Wanted: Young man, 23 years old, five years' ex-
dential work, desires to connect with architect or contractor, perience in good office. Can prepare sketches, working
doing similar work. W i l l consider part or whole time work. drawings and details all types of construction, new and old.
Box No. 11, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
Also supervision of construction and drafting of specifica-
Position Wanted: Practicing architect with unusual Euro- tions. Box No. 29, care of PENCIL POINTS.
pean and American experience wishes to find work for spare Position Wanted: Competent first class architectural drafts-
time. Box No. 12, care of PENCIL POINTS. man, 22 years' experience in all types of work, capable of
Position Wanted: Capable and hard working young man carrying working drawings through to completion. Detail-
wishes to locate in architect's office as field representative. ing, etc. Box No. 30, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
Can take full charge of any building operation and handle Position Wanted: Young man desires position as draftsman
all sub-contractors. Can do some estimating and will prove in architect's office. Can carry work on all types of build-
valuable in this line. Full information on request. Box No. ings from sketches to completion. Graduate of Drexel
13, care of P E N C I L POINTS. Institute, five years' office experience. Free to travel any-
Position Wanted: With view to permanent connection with where. Charles A. Scott, 1224 Hamilton Ave., Trenton, N . J.
organization. Can take complete charge of office. Location
no object. Box No. 14, care of PENCIL POINTS. Position Wanted: Secretary and assistant estimator in archi-
Position Wanted: College trained practical draftsman detect's or general contractor's office. Young lady with tact
sires drafting work after office hours. Box No. 16, care of and personality. Eight years' experience in bookkeeping and
stenography, can read plans and take off quantities f o r
P E N C I L POINTS.
estimating. Apartment A - l , 3400 Wayne Ave., New York.
Position Wanted: Architectural draftsman, five years' ex-
perience. Box No. 21, care of PENCIL POINTS. (Continued on pages SS and 89, Advertising Section)
PENCIL POINTS FOR JANUARY, 1930 85
1 Mm
MS
Mft
The same mellow qualily of this ancient tile roof at Dijon, France,
can he obtained here in America by using IMPERIAL Roofing Tiles.
I 7 D O W I C I - C E L A D O N C O M P A N Y
Makers of IMPERIAL Roofing Tiles
YORK: MS 1 I I T I I AVENI E K M n. ' I I ( I I K . V \ A V E N U E , C n i C A O O WASHINGTON: 738 FIFTEENTH ST.. N. W.
86 PENCIL POINTS FOR JANUARY, 1930
A culaivay view of a typical

Freight Rlevulor Dimr in-
stallation, shouinfi how the
electric door operator can he
mauniiil in any convenient
location on top of the car.
The chains are operated by
enclosed bevel-/tear drive and
short, straifilil-line shafts.
Ih'tails of the latch tripping
and door-liftinn mechanism
are shown in the circle.
*AliIOMATIC
SILL-LEVELING
DEVICE
In its automatic Sill-Leveling De- * T h i s in N o . 6 of u Series o u t -
they relieve supporting chains
vice, the St. Louis system of freight I i n i n t : t h e a d v a n t a g e s of sheaves and guides from the shod
elevator door control has marked t h e " S t . L o u i s " s y s t e m o f of heavily bumping loads. Fune
advantages. Permanently pre-set, F r e i R h t Elevator Door C o n t r o l . lioning as "buffers", they permii
it is more practical than any "Ad- great abuse without injury, therebj
justable Stops", w h i c h , by their very nature, adding to the life of the entire equipment]
are always liable to get out of a d j u s t m e n t .
So definite is the gain in strength and stain in]
A c t u a l conditions within a building are often resulting from I his and other features, that, ii
not ideal. Sills and floors often get out of plumb view of the high quality of material and world
and are unlevel. Yet, regardless of s u c h con- manship used, we are able to guarantee St. Louil
ditions, the Sill-Leveling Device of a St. Louis Doors installed by us for a period of five years
Door automatically levels itself to meet these
The St. Louis System of Freight Elevator Dod
unfavorable conditions. I t always rests even
Control offers so many real advantages to llij
with the s i l l , providing straight line trucking
building owner that everyone concerned wit
surfaces from the elevator to the floor beyond.
building equipment ought to be
Thus time-saving and uninterrupted use of the familiar with it. Mav we send you mf^ J f S *
* I CATALOGUE
elevator is gained by these practical Sill-Levelers.
a l i s t of nearby i n s t a l l a t i o n s , l | SVEETS
T y i n g together, as they do, the door and sill, together with our literature?
S T . L O U I S F I R E D O O R C O . ' Manufacturers of all kinds of Fire-Proof Doors and Door Controls ' 1138 S. 6th St. ' S T . L O U I S , M<
E L E C T R I C A L L Y O P E R A T E D F O R F R E I G H T E L E V A T O R S
TT
UVNEEF.CO.
Store f r o n t s
in
Bronze, Chromium Nickel Aluminum Alloy and Copper
:
o r excellence of workmanship, true reproduction of design in store front building is your assurance of satisfaction,
md sound construction w e advocate the fabrication of Below is shown an ensemble of " B " Construction which is
ktore fronts at our factory. A corps o f skilled workmen now available in the metals mentioned above. Send f o r
rained by an institution with twenty-five years' experience Circular on " B " Construction and Full Size Details.
SEE OUR
AT
EXHIBIT
ARCHTS
p a w n e e f SEE OUR
SAMPLE CORP., COMPANY CATALOG IN THE

NEW YORK CITY NILES. MICHIGAN BERKELEY. CALIFORNIA 1930 SWEET'S
B R A N C H O F F I C E S
tlanta, G e o r g i a Buffalo, N e w Y o r k Charlotte, North Carolina K a n s a s City, Missouri Milwaukee. Wisconsin Omaha, Nebraska
altimorc. Maryland Cleveland. Ohio Chicago, Illinois Louisville, Kentucky New Orleans, Louisiana Philadelphia. Pennsylvania
oscon, Massachusetts Cincinnati, Ohio Detroit, Michigan M e m p h i s , Tennessee New York, New York Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
88 P E N C I L POINTS F O RJ A N U A R Y , 1930
F R E E E M P L O Y M E N T S E R V I C E FOR
READERS OF P E N C I L POINTS
(Other items on fages 84 and 89, Advertising Section)
Position Wanted: Registered architect wishes position in
busy architect's office in New York City. University grad-
uate, European travel and study and has had broad experi-
ence on many types of buildings as designer, colorist and
executive. Box No. 32, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
Position Wanted: Experienced designer wishes position
with busy firm. Can handle work from start to completion.
Box No. 33, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
Position Wanted: Junior draftsman, Cooper Union Gradu-
ate, three years at Columbia University, two years' expe-
rience in architect's office. Salary $35.00 per week. Box
No. 35, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
Position Wanted: Young man desires position in architect's
office as draftsman. Chicago or vicinity. Two years' College
training in architecture. At present attending night school.
Nine months' practical experience. Moderate salary.
Ralph Cunningham, 6234 Blackstone Ave., Chicago, 111.
Position Wanted: Registered architect in New York and
New Jersey" wishes position in first class office. Fifteen
years' practical experience, full knowledge of design, plan-
ning, detail, steel. Location immaterial. Herbert Lilien,
234 Highland Ave., Newark, N. J .
Position Wanted: Beginner in architect's office, age 19, three
months' experience. Good letterer and tracer. Attending
evening school. George F . Nicdclman, 1226 Sherman Ave.,
New York, N. Y .
Position Wanted: Junior draftsman. High School Gradu-
ate. Last year at Cooper Union (Night Architecture).
Been employed by Jacobson Mantel and Ornament Co.,
A. E . Lefcourt. Julius Gornick, 956 East 172nd St., New
York, N. Y .
Position Wanted: Office or field. Construction superintend-
ent. Good executive thoroughly capable directing super-
vision, expediting building projects, buying subcontracts and|
placing material orders, accustomed handling and distribut-
ing shop drawings, details, etc. Location immaterial. Box|
No. 36, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
Position Wanted: Stenographer-secretary desires position|
in New York. Has had good architectural and other expe-
rience. References. Telephone, Monument 2721. Apartmentj
No. 63.
Water-proof h inge Position Wanted: Registered architect and engineer desires
Patent applied for.
E A LAIR responsible position with an architect. Eight years' expe-l

rience. Young man. married. Only permanent position con-l
sidcred. References and experience in detail furnished on]
request. Box No. 38. care of P E N C I L POINTS.
A BETTER W I N D O W f o r Wanted: One of the very large paint manufacturers has an
unlimited opportunity for a real architectural salesman in]
COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS Chicago. A record of successful selling to Chicago Archi-
tects is essential but paint experience, while helpful, is nof)
absolutely necessary. This is a wonderful connection forf
the right man. Box No. 37, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
Not just another window but a distinctly new
Position Wanted: Draftsman and stenographer in architects
type designed solely to meet the needs of office. New York or Brooklyn, desired by woman graduat<(
architect. Box No. 39, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
modern commercial buildings. Closed — it is
Position Wanted: Junior draftsman, architect, two and one]
air-tight. All sashes are inswinging — all pro- half years' experience on plans, details. Good tracer, ambil
tious, neat and hard worker. Box No. 42, care of PENcn|
vide ample controlled ventilation. THE ENTIRE POINTS.
WINDOW MAY BE WASHED FROM THE IN- Position Wanted: Tracer, six years' experience, letters
maps, etc. Some stenography and typing. Box No. 43, car]
SIDE. Being furnished in heavy gauge bronze of P E N C I L POINTS.
or steel the fixed joints are strongly welded Position Wanted: Architect, thoroughly experienced •
and reinforced where necessary. modern chain store design through long association with I
leading syndicate seeks connection with a similar progressivl
Send for complete description, specifications and F. S . details organization on either a salary or fee basis. Registerel
architect in New York and New Jersey. Box No. 44, car|
Position Wanted: Draftsman, residential work. Can tal

job through from start to finish. Quarter, three-quarter anl
T H E
Kawneef
full-size details. Good knowledge of construction and beaiT
and lintel computation. Eight years' experience. Box Nij
48, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
C O M P A N Y M
Position Wanted: Architectural draftsman and register*
architect wishes to make change. Columbia graduat]
Niles, Mich. • Berkeley, Calif. Seventeen years' experience, designer, also specialist
Georgian. Can take job from start to completion. PerspeJ
A L S O W E I G H T - H U N G W I N D O W S (Light a n d H e a v y ) A N D CASEMENTS tives. References. Box No. 46, care of P E N C I L POINT!
A FREE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE FOR

R E A D E R S OF P E N C I L P O I N T S
(Other items on fages 84 and 88, A dvertising Section)
Position Wanted: Assistant superintendent, material clerk
or draftsman. Young man. 24 years old desires position in
office of builder or architect. Six and one-half years' expe-
rience as draftsman and assistant superintendent. Box No.
47, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
Wanted: A large manufacturer of paints, varnishes, enamels
and lacquers has an excellent opportunity for a young archi-
tectural salesman, whose headquarters will be in Detroit. He
will travel through Michigan and part of Ohio, calling on
the architects. Paint experience is not necessary. A general
knowledge of architectural selling is helpful. Salary open.
An excellent opportunity for a young man to learn architec-
tural selling. Box No. 41, care of PENCIL POINTS.
Position Wanted: Draftsman, fifteen years' experience.
Thoroughly familiar with various styles and construc-
tion, take charge small office. Good interior designer, de-
tailer and delineator desires permanent position with a
future. Can carry job through from start to completion.
Partnership or other interest in office desired. Protestant,
married, 33 years of age. Salary $85.00. Box No. 49, care
Position Wanted: Head draftsman or assistant to execu-
tive. Senior draftsman, experienced on various types of
buildings and construction. Specification writing, outside
superintending, business training. New York City Mu-
nicipal department routine experience. Box No. 50. care
Partner Wanted: Registered architect, 25 years' experi-
ence, who is in a position to secure several million dollars
worth of architectural work on contingency basis, desires
partner who can finance office overhead and handle work
from preliminary sketches to superintendence of construc-
tion. Box No. 51, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
Position Wanted: Designer and draftsman wishes to work
in New York City. Seven years' actual office experience
and six years in Southern school, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology and Fontainebleau, France. Varied expe-
rience all types of architecture and construction. Capable,
w
fast, neat and reliable. Box No. 52. care of PENCIL POINTS.
Position Wanted: Draftsman-designer, experienced on
high grade buildings, also superintendence experience.
Would like to become associated with small progressive
firm with opportunity for advancement. College training. Glazing moulding can
E L D ED
be quickly applied.
Will locate anywhere. Good references. Box No. 53, care
Architect Desires to Connect with Manufacturer: Man
experienced in educational and institutional buildings with
broad knowledge of planning and design desires position B R O N Z E D O O R S of
with manufacturer who couid use his services as drafts-
man, architectural adviser and to interview architects.
Salary of secondary importance. Box No. 54, care of S T R E N G T H and BEAUTY
P E N C I L POINTS.
Position Wanted: Architectural draftsman, 30, desires
position in architectural or construction office as drafts- With several years' background as makers of
man or estimator, or superintendent on the job. Ten years' metal doors we point with justifiable pride to
experience. I.C.S. training and at present studying C.T.C.
course in Chicago. Box No. 55, care of PENCIL POINTS. the one presented above. Structurally it is an
Position Wanted: Architectural draftsman experienced in
high class residence work. Can take job from sketches and admirable assembly of heavy bronze members
develop. Full-size details and superintending. Good welded to assure permanent service. Panel
references from Chicago residential architects. Five years'
experience. Will locate anywhere. Box No. 56. care of mouldings are modern in character and se-
P E N C I L POINTS.
cured in a manner to expedite glazing. Doors
Partner Wanted: An architect with a good deal of work
on hand will consider taking in a partner who is competent are fitted and hung to frame, hardware applied
to assist in conducting the business of the office and who
is prepared to make a small investment. Box No. 57, care and complete unit furnished ready to install.
Send for complete description a n d F. S . details.
A Good Designer Seeks Connection: A graduate of a good
architectural school with seven years' experience, compe-
tent designer, would like to connect with a good eastern
office. Box No. 58, care of P E N C I L POINTS.
Position Wanted: Young lady would like position with T H E
awneef
advertising agency, or firm specializing in magazine and
newspaper art work. New York City. Box No. 61, care
Position Wanted: Woman tracer, High School art C O M P A N Y

teacher, capable of creating, sketching, designing. Good at
lettering. Experience in Underwriters' Engineering De- Niles, Mich. * Berkeley, Calif.
partment. Drafting and tracing. Two years at Pratt
Institute. Box No. 62, care of P E N C I L POINTS. ALSO SHOWER STALL AND SHOW CASE DOORS
INTERNATIONAL
SCREENED CASEMENTS
International Metal Casements—both Custom-built and Cotswold

—now may be specified with flat screens free from holes, slots, or
lifts. Special hardware permits opening and closing of the
casement without disturbing the screen ; the screen, however,
may be detached readily to operate awnings or clean windows.
Our new descriptive leaflet, with spe-
cifications, will be sent upon request.
' INTERNATIONAL CASEMENT CS K£

JAMESTOWN, N E W YORK
A G E N T S IN P R I N C I P A L C I T I E S
IN CANADA: A R C H I T E C T U R A L BRONZE &. I R O N WORKS, TORONTO, ONT.
92
Nailcrete
c
7he Original
âiling
a
Concrete
is the ideal nailing

base for roofs and floors—on large and
small jobs. You can drive nails into this
remarkable concrete and it holds them Nailcrete Used on
firmly. There are other qualities, besides, Floors and Roof
which have established Nailcrete as a In the residence pictured above of E. R.
preferred building material—for a wide Meinig, Esq., Wyomissing, Pa., Richter &
variety of uses. I t is fire-proof, rot-proof Eiler, architects, Nailcrete was used as a
and vermin-proof. I t never swells or nailing base both for wood floors and
shrinks. Hence, in addition to its saving slate roof. The economy, durability and
of money, time and weight in construc- security of this nail-gripping concrete
tion, Nailcrete contributes, too, the highly is adaptable to small and moderate size
important factor of added safety. jobs as well as to large construction.
Write for our informative illustrated booklet—"Nailcrete"
THE NAILCRETE CORPORATION

105 West 40th Street New York City
Here and now see how the astonishing

virtues of genuine wrought iron have been
applied to w i n d o w sash The words
Wrought Iron Sash"Mes\er, permit no "or
equal" phrasing t For here, for the first time
Permitting rare struc-
:ural strength and
weight and easy ap-
and with exclusive principles of fabrication,
is the heavy duty cruciform bar sashf
plication to needs for
exquisite line and
form in windows.
Inside, e, ouisiae
outside "or ' X T ' • 1 1 • •
\j
double
pane iazin .
g g qn l strength and immunity against
U e l n
progressive corrosion! Request folder PPf
WROUGHT
CUTTING PLATE for

A Better White WASHING FILTER BED
Hi
A Whiter White
Through which the Filter Bed must pass and re-pass

repeatedly when the Filter Bed is being washed.
House at Flushing, Long Island, Robert E. Sherlock, Architect. This operation breaks up the Filter Bed in its entirety,
Finished tvith Cabot's DOUBLE-WHITE. separating the Grains from each other absolutely.
This operation is really marvelous.
The coupon below w i l l bring vou valuable informa-
It ensures cleanliness to a Filter Bed.
tion on Cabot's D O U B L E - W H I T E , a new white
that is revolutionary in character. Compared to
standard white lead and o i l , D O U B L E - W H I T E has T H E LOOMIS- MANNING FILTER
5 0 % greater hiding power, spreads more evenly and D I S T R I B U T I N G COMPANY
easily, and is much whiter. Established WHO
Main Office & Plant: I421-145S South 37th St., Philadelphia. Pa.
D O U B L E - W H I T E is made by the patented Cabot
New York Office: Architect*' BnildinK. 101 Park Avenue
Collopaking Process, the pigment being reduced to
submicroscopic fineness, so that it penetrates like a
dye. The high "surface tension" draws out all
wrinkles and brush marks, leaving a surface so
smooth and velvety that it looks like a matt enamel.
But unlike ordinary enamel, it stands up outdoors.
Mail the coupon today!
Cabot's
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LTD.
COUPON
^ lrv-
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W I N D O W
Boston H A R D W A R E
Please send me full infar- See Street's For Details
motion on
THE CASEMENT
CABOT'S
COLLOPAKES HARDWARE CO.
4 0 2 k k N . Wood Street
2Khw — C H I C A G O . I L L .
Addr„s„
P.P.-1-30
PENCIL POINTS FO R JANUARY, 1930 OS
BOYLE'S
" B A Y O N N E "
Points of
READY TO LAY Vacuum
ROOF and DECK CLOTH

The ideal covering for Porch Floors, Double.
Vents
Decks of Piazzas and Sun Parlors
WATERPROOF
oAn Improved
WEATHERPROOF
DURABLE
FLEXIBLE
Lays flat and stays flat. Requires no white lead

bedding. Will not buckle or peel.
Write for Sample Book S

Construction
To you who live w i t h blue
J O H N B O Y L E & C O . , Inc.
Established I860 prints, the above new interior
construction of the M O L L I S
no or AMD d e c k 112-114 D U A N E S T R E E T . N E W Y O R K
C L O
Tri „ 1317-1319 P I N E S T R E E T , ST. L O U I S
IMPROVED DOUBLE SYPHON

Ventilator is apparent at a
glance.
FOUR C O N T R A C T S
in this new Civic Opera Building for
The change in the throat de-
You can THINK
in peace when
lJ"ihJ sign has given 10% more
SOUND-PROOF DOORS
noise protected •laid loldincj {toii-lition* power to this already
Write today for Wherever noise is efficient ventilator.
catalog a problem Hamlin
sound-proof, jamb-
IRVING HAMLIN tight doors and
MfrN. of Sound-Proof
folding partitions
Doors .mil Fokiinn
Partitions are a simple SWifvf"^ IMPROVED O L l J S
remedy. ^ (DOUBLE SYPHON"

1504 L i n c o l n Street
Evanaton, I I I .
^ O L U S DICKINSON
3360 South Artesian Ave., Chicago
Builders of ventilators since 1888
VENTILATORS
WINNING DESIGNS
PARIS PRIZE IN ARCHITECTURE

With an Introduction by John F. Harbeson
The designs shown in this portfolio were chosen by the Society of Beaux-Arts Archi-
tects as the best solutions submitted by the ablest American architectural students of the
past 24 years in what is generally accepted to be the most important and exacting planning
problem offered annually in this country. T h e architectural student can therefore profit
greatly by studying the program of each competition in conjunction with its accompanying
solution. This portfolio, while particularly valuable to students taking work in design
under the Beaux-Arts system, cannot fail to help all other students of architectural design.
The following problems are illustrated:

1904— " A Colonial Institute"
1905— " A Yacht Harbor and Club"
1906— " A Restaurant on the Borders of a Lake"
1907— " A School of Fine Arts"
1908— " A Theatre"
1909— " A Permanent Exposition or Institute of American Industries"
1910— " A Municipal Interborough Trolley Station and Assembly Hall"
1911— " A n Embassy for the United States in Paris"
1912— " A Governmental Printing, Lithographing, and Engraving Establish-
ment"
1913— "The Monumental Treatment of the E n d of Manhattan Island"
1914—" A City Hall"
1919— "The Capitol Building of the League of Nations"
1920— "The Great W a r Memorial for the City of New York"
1921— " A n Exhibition Center"
1922— " A City Hall"
1923— " A n Office and Reception Building for the President of the United
States"
1924— " A Transportation Institute"
1925— " A Summer Capitol"
1926—" A Natatorium in a Park"
1927— " A Radio Broadcasting Station"
The reproductions of these designs are all made at a large enough size to be of
maximum use to students—some of them being 1 8 inches in their longest dimensions.
Portfolio, 1 0 x 1 5 , containing 35 plate pages and 6 9 drawings, comprising the com-
plete programs, plans, sections and elevations for all the winning designs for the Paris Prize
in Architecture.
PRICE #6.oo
Any book in Tlie Pencil Points Library found unsatisfactory [ftm] may be returned within 5 <la\s and payment will be refunded
THE PENCIL POINTS PRESS, Inc.

419 Fourth Avenue, New York, N . Y .
East High School, Pater son, J. Eleven shop rooms floored with Bloxonend.
Fanning & Shaw, Architects.
A Life-time Floor
B LOXONEND FLOORING is a complete departure
from the usual type of wood flooring. The tough
end'grain fibres are presented to wear. This guarantees
"butcher block" durability. The flooring is furnished
in 8 f t . lengths which are laid with tongues and nailed
laterally to each other. The entire floor is formed into
a compact unit. A n y slight wear must be uniform in'
suring lasting smoothness.
Bloxonend is comfortable under foot, handsome in de'

sign and splinter'proof. It is being specified for
gymnasiums and shops by nearly all prominent school
architects. Write for Specifications and sample.
CARTER BLOXONEND FLOORING COMPANY

Kansas City, Missouri
Branch Offices in Leading Cities
B L D X - Q N - E N D
FLOORING. . ., _
Bloxonend is made of Southern Pine
with the tough end grain up. It comes Lays smooth
in 8 ft. lengths with the blocks dove-
tailed endwise onto baseboards- Siafo Smooth
98 P E NC1L POINTS FOR J A N U A R Y , 1930
M - 4 V
THE
WILLIAMSBURG BANK
BROOKLYN, NEW YORK
l,;
::i$ HALSEY McCORMACK AND
(
HELME, ARCHITECTS
S. FINCK CO., LINOLEUM
C O N T R A C T O R S
H E imposing n e w Williamsburg Bank To insure permanence, lasting economy and

in Brooklyn, N e w York, is a striking distinctive beauty in floor covering, W i l d ' s
example of modernism and beauty in office quarter-inch Brown Battleship Linoleum was
buildings. Keen judgment in design and chosen. Eightthousand squareyards have been
excellent taste in selection of equipment installed —an investment thatcan be expected
are d i s p l a y e d t h r o u g h o u t the structure. to endure for the lifetime of the building.
"WILD'S FOR W E A R "
B L A B O N - S A N D U R A COMPANY, Inc.
FINANCE BUILDING PHILADELPHIA, PA.
I'HILIPPINE LAMINEX 3X P A N E L , R A I S E D M O L D I N G S "MAHOGANY'S RIBBONS"
APARTMENT ENTRANCE, STOCK PHILIPPINE LAMINEX DOOR
BELLEVUE-STATEN APARTMENTS, OAKLAND
H. C. BAUMANN, ARCHITECT
From the Philippines has come a hardwood so beautiful and so prac-

tical, it is talcing the entire country by storm. Those who love fine
woods are completely won by the graceful slender ribbons of its
grain, and by its chameleon adaptability to dozens of finishes. Those
held to economy welcome its surprisingly low cost — particularly in
stock millwork. Such stock doors and trim, known to the trade as
"Philippine Laminex" (won't shrink, swell, or warp), are some-
thing on which you should be informed. For a copy of the Philip-
pine Laminex manual, free, tear off this coupon and mail today.
T H E W H E E L E R , OSGOOD C O M P A N Y , D E P T . p.|30, T A C O M A , WASHINGTON'. K I N D L Y SEND M E A M A N U A L .
NAME FIRM
1
KOLL
LOCK-JOINT COLUMNS
Preferred for authenticity - Specified for great strength
Authentic design, pure and simple yet very difficult in design to insure columns and entrances in har-
to obtain, is found in all Columns and Entrances mony with the balance of any particular plan.
made by Hartmann-Sanders. Architects may, The K o l l Lock-Joint construction feature found
however, specify their own individual preferences exclusively in Columns by Hartmann-Sanders
eliminates warpage and provides the
maximum of column strength.
Hartmann-Sanders points with pride
to the fact that many o f the country's
most prominent architects avail them-
selves o f the master craftsmen o f their
organization. This considerate and
complete cooperation between architect
and Hartmann-Sanders does much to
achieve perfection in the end.
Simply write f o r catalog 48 of col-j
umns or 53 of model entrances. H a r t
mann-Sanders Co., Factory
and Showroom: 2155 Elston
Avenue, Chicago j Eastern
Office and Showroom:
Dept. X , 6 East 39th
Street, New York City.
Why Architects Prefer

Koll Lock-Joint Columns
The Koll Lock-Joint will not, cannot come
apart.
2. Not a knot in ten thousand koll columns
3 # Material is as thick at top as bottom, fo
deep fluting and strength.
4 # Correct entasis provided on all columr
shafts.
5. Waterproof glue joints resist the elements
^ Asphaltum waterproofing, inside all th
larger sizes.
'1 ^ Ventilated wood or cast iron plinths, fo
Entrance of Albany, New York, Hospital Berlin & Swern, Architects llifetime service.
i f e t i m e Service.
H A R T M A N N - S A N D E R S
KO L COLUMNS COLONIAL ENTRANCES
ENTRANCES PERGOLAS
Dr\cn a d nno c
ROSE ARBORS rGARDEN
a o n n v i EQUIPMENT
b / - » t unx / e x i t
•
5
>
' r M il • L
Amityvillc Public Library, Amityville, N . Y.
Three-Eighths Inch Thick Tiling

Insures Durable and Quiet Floors
R UBBER T I L I N G of three-eighths
^ inch thickness offers to architects
a v i r t u a l l y permanent and noiseless
Made in square blocks of solid color.
T w e l v e rich colors are available
making it possible to harmonize the
flooring especially suitable for libraries, floors with any color scheme. Colors
public institutions and other buildings are permanent and w i l l not wear off
where traffic is severe and silence and as the color extends through f u l l
cleanliness are demanded. thickness of the tile.
The unusual thickness and weight are In the laying of Rubber T i l i n g a
responsible for the wearing quality of special cement is used which seals
this tiling and the fact that it stays in the j o i n t s and secures the tiles to
place without buckling or loosening the f o u n d a t i o n by firmly g r i p p i n g
from the foundation is evidence of its the corrugated under surface of the
superiority. tile.
NEW Y O R K B E L T I N G &. P A C K I N G C O .
Original Manufacturers Interlocking Rubber Tiling
91-93 Chambers Street, New York
Boston Chicago Philadelphia Pittsburgh St. Louis San Francisco
New York Belting & Packing Co.

Rubber Tile Flooring
102 PENCIL POINTS FOR J A N U A R Y , 1930
P E N N
LOCKS
AND FINISHING
H A R D W A R E
H I N G E PLATE — P E N N - S E M O R A
"intensely modern—yet intelligently moderated." In this crisp wordim
one prominent architect describes the Penn series of modern trim . .
Original design together with color beauty gained through skillfi
effects in finishes make these modern pieces an interesting addition t
the long line of fine classical pieces for which Penn has been know
since 1877. N O T E : The trim illustrated and all other Penn desigr
are supplied with Penn-made locks suitable for any requiremer
PENN TABIAN PENN-VINDEX PENN-SOLAREN PENN-TABIAN PENN-VANADJ
PENN HARDWARE COMPANY • Reading • Pennsylvani|

BOSTON CHICAGO • LOS ANGELES • NEW YORK CITY • PHILADELPHIA • SAN FRANCISC
Pulpit, Rcredos and Section of

Chancel Screen
Built in the A m e r i c a n S e a t i n g Company
workrooms, for
G R A C E EPISCOPAL CHURCH
Chicago, Illinois
Tallmadge & Watson, Architects
Illustrating one of the first a d a p t a t i o n s

of M o d e r n Art to Religious E x p r e s s i o n .
m
American Seating C o m p a n y
M a k e r s of Fine S e a l i n g for C h u r c h e s , S c h o o l s a n d T h e a t r e *
GENERAL OFFICES
14 E . Jackson Boulevard * p Chicago, Illinois
BRANCHES IN A L L P R I N C I P A L CITIES
Eg—
Leonard Water Mixing Valve
A N K Y R A S
will / W d them!
OCATE your fixtures wherever you

want them n-<j;irdless of studding
or other support. The wall is all you
need—if you use Ankyras.
Ankyras hold in any wall, hollow or solid;
are self-riveting, self-adjusting; easy to ( T ^ H E R M O S T A T control. Easy to
apply; save time; save money and do a U / operate, any flow at any temper'
better, neater and < \ n l isting job. ature. Solid metal thermostat automati-
Write for information cally maintains water temperatures.
ANKYRA MANUFACTURING COMPANY The complete story is told in our
\\ aijni' Junction Philadelphia catalog. Mailed on request.
Manufactured by
LEONARD-ROOKE COMPANY
Incorporated 1913
Providence, Rhode Island
"EBCO" Installation
Ford Motor Co., St. Paul, Minn. Arch't, Albert Kahn, Detroit
it
E B C O
STEEL T O I L E T PARTITIONS
Their adaptation to any desired arrangement makes
the " E B C O " especially desirable. Panel sheets, stiles
and posts are of high grade furniture stock, full cold
rolled annealed and patent leveled sheet steel contain-
ing proper p e r c e n t a g e of copper to resist rust.
Bumpers, pulls and latch bolts are of nickeled brass.
Finish is of standard sage green—other colors on
order. Choice of metal filler and prime coat or hard
baked enamel.
Spec\f\catin full detail and complete catalog will be mailed for the asking.
Ankor
T h u information should be in every up-to-date architect's reference tile.
T h e D. A. Ebinger Sanitary Mfg. Co.

W H E R E NOTHING ELSE WILL R E A L L Y WORK 405 W . T o w n St., C O L U M B U S , OHIO
Manufacturers also of Ventilated Closets, U r i n a l s , Wash Sinks,
D r i n k i n g Fountains, a n d " F . B C O " Kitchen Sink
Gives
Dependability
N O WELDS I N STRESS-one piece of
steel—expanded—without rivets, bolts or
welds in shear or tension—these are the
features responsible for the rapid gain in
Bates-Truss Joist popularity.
A simple I-beam section is expanded into

a lattice truss web. The expansion in-
creases the depth of the beam—the truss
materially increases its strength. The
points of contact of the lacing and flange
members are simply unsheared portions of
the original plain web. Since 1840 A.D,
And now we're looking forward
Write for catalog, loading tables and
complete information on this modern
to the year
truss joist. 2040 A. D.
A century into the future w i l l bring many changes
in architecture. It is now impossible, of course, to
determine in what direction the trend of architec-
ture w i l l be. Whatever the new developments may
prove to be, we feel our organization w i l l be as well
fitted to produce exterior lighting fixtures in the
coming century as it has in the last.
We place our faith in the major Smyser-Royer
Company principle—that of grasping the individual
architect's point of view on each job. When we
have the architect's idea of his own design clearly
in mind, we then feel qualified to produce as the
architect has specified and in a way that w i l l be
pleasing and lasting.
The Catalogue
The Smyser-Royer Company Catalogue " J " contains
a variety of lamps, lanterns and brackets for every
period and purpose. When an original design is not
needed, frequently a satisfactory fixture can be
found in this Catalogue. If this Catalogue is
not in your files, let us send you a copy.
Lamp Posts Lanterns Brackets

S M Y S E R - R O Y E R C O .
Main Office and Works: Y O R K , PA.
PHILADELPHIA OFFICE: 1700 WALNUT STREET
I 06 P E N C I L POINTS FOR J A N U A R Y , 1930
Temple Emanu-EI Robert D. Kohn, C h a r l e s Butler

5th Avenue &• 65th Street £r C l a r e n c e S. Stein, Architects
N e w York. N. Y . Mayers, Murray Phillip.
A s s o c i a t e Architects
AN AKOUSTOLITH INSTALLATION
Side wall installation of AKOUSTOLITH sound
absorbing artificial stone in a gradation of color
from light at the base to dark at the ceiling and
with gold ceramic inserts.
40 COURT STREET, BOSTON, MASS. 225 WEST 34TH S T R E E T NEW YORK, N. Y.
R. G U A S T A V I N O C O . O F C A N A D A , Ltd.
New Birks Building, Montreal. P. Q .
mURflLTCX
For Textured and
Relief Decoration
Charming R&alls of Yesteryear
— live again in MURAL-TEX

("T^JfOUR walls do not a prison make" — but we all
C7 have known colorless, somber, depressing walls that
achieve the same result—to all intents and purposes. During
the "dark ages" of interior decoration, now happily passed, Spanish Texture
monotony was the rule, not the exception.
W i t h the development of Mural-Tex, a modern scientific

product which recreates the charming textured walls developed
painstakingly by early craftsmen—beauty and individuality in
interior decoration again came into their own. And Mural-Tex
goes the early craftsmen one better—for it offers a wider range
of colorful effects—and accomplishes results with greater ease.
The possibilities of Mural-Tex are legion. The wall effects

of any Old W o r l d Country may be exactly reproduced in both
texture and color. And modern, voguish treatments as well.
Manufactured by
I MAILTHIS COUPON— j
T H E M U R A L O C O M P A N Y , inc. I The Muralo C o . , Inc., Staten Island, N . Y .

1 Please f o r w a r d a c o p y o f y o u r b r o c h u r e on MURAL-TEX
j
I
Founded 1894 • and s p e c i f i c a t i o n f o r m s . |
Specializing Exclusively in Decorative Wall Coatings, N a m e ...

Cold Water Paints, Wall Sizes and Patching Plaster I
Address .... K
STATEN ISLAND, N E W Y O R K |_l d
— ~ ~ ~ — — —
~ r \
immiiin ij:i!ii!iiiii:iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii,iiiii;ii:;:i;;i;!:;:::::iiii!i:::iiniiii:i:n llimiiiiiillllllllllllllillilllllilliilllllliiiiiin iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiMiniiiiiillilliiililllll
! THE 1
I T R E A T M E N T OF I
I INTERIORS |
By E U G E N E C L U T E
= Formerly Editor of "The Architectural Review" and of "Pencil Points";
= Editor of "A Monograph of the IV. K. Fandcrbilt House";
= of "Masterpieces of Spanish Architecture, Romanesque =
S and Allied Styles"; and of Other Works on =
= Architecture and Related Subjects. |
Tilden and Register, Architects
The viewpoint represented by this book is that of those present-day architects

and decorators who have open minds in relation to the modern movement and make
use of the old period styles with freedom and understanding: I f the basic principles
of design, creating livable and charming interiors, exprescive of the life of the
owners and of the spirit of our times.
"The Treatment of Interiors" is the sixth book in THE PENCIL POINTS LIBRARY.
208 pages, size 9 x 12 inches, with adequate

textand illustrations. Printed on heavy coated Price $
6^
paper; handsomely bound. TOSTPAID
Any book in 771* Pencil Points Library found unsatisfactory may be returned wit.'iin 5 days and
payment will be refunded.
ii 1111 • 1111 m 11111111111111 • 111111111 J 111 111111 it i ii i J Tt 1111111111 ii 111 ii ii ii 11111 M M u 11 J J 11 ti uti i iygHf^^^\-j 11111 MI i iiiiiMiiri Jiiiiiiuiini J J JI n j jiJiiMiiiiiiiii itMiiiiiiiii MI t iini riff lit t M J riiiiffr III i
Published by
THE P E N C I L P O I N T S PRESS, Inc.
419 Fourth Avenue, New York, N . Y .
The shades you specify...

How will they look in a year or two?
W INDOW SHADES are bound to be conspicuous

— they occupy so prominent a position. If
they are ordinary shades, their dirty condition
Iwill soon advertise the fact. U '(nil
rn 1
If they are the New and Improved du Pont

| T O N T I N E shades, they will be conspicuous for
their beautv and long life — reflecting the good
in lament of the architect who specified them. w f I
r
or T O N T I N E shades are washable. By applying (I
oap and water, they can be scrubbed clean—thus ff >
etaining their freshness long after ordinary
bades have been discarded.
I
11
1
Impregnated with pyroxylin, the basic sub- it
tance used in the famous Duco, T O N T I N E is a

eally different shade. It will not crack, pinhole f ! |MI(lllll II I I
r fray. Its pyroxylin-impregnated surface pre-

ij " in ii
I 111 I I , -
ents spotting and staining from rain, and fading

om sunlight.
For building owner satisfaction always specify
te New and Improved du Pont T O N T I N E The shades in t/te new Daily News Building, Chicago, III.
Cashable Window Shades. Clip the coupon below will retaintheir good looks through yearsofservice
because they are tontine throughout.
>r further information. Holabird & Root, Architects.
L D U PONT D E NEMOURS & CO.,I N C , NEWBURGH, N.Y.

Canaduin Distributors: Canadian Industries. Limited
Fabrikoid Division, New Toronto, Ont., Can.
E . I. DU PONT D E NEMOURS & C O . . I N C

Desk P - l , Newburgh, N . Y .
T O N T I N E
Please send me complete and full in-
formation about Tontine, the washable
»EO U 8. PAT OFF. window shade-
Name
THE WASHABLE Address
WINDOW SHADE
T HE conspicuous success of Carnegie Beams indicates their

remarkable adaptability to the needs of architects and
designers. Carnegie Beams are distinguished by their wide par-
allel flanges which insure maximum strength in proportion to
weight, and present unlimited possibilities in design and construc-
tion. Constant-depth columns, unique with Carnegie Beams,
afford opportunities for duplication, both in design and erection.
In any type of construction involving structural steel, Carnegie
Beams offer economy, utility and flexibility of design never
before possible. With the recent inclusion of a series of 33 and
36 inch sections, a still more efficient and complete selection of
sections is now offered. They merit your investigation.
CARNEGIE
BEAMS
I
CARNEGIE S T E E L COMPANY
PITTSBURGH, PA. United
Subsidiary
States Steel
of
Corporation
«
P E N C I L POINTS F O R JANUARY, 1930
W
A fympleie. NAT CO
ARCHITECTURAL
CATALOGUE
^ R R A N G E D by an architect for architects
. . . giving just the information you want
in just the form you want it—The Complete
Natco Architectural Catalog appears on pages
A559 to A608 of the 1930 Sweet's . . .
Specifications, shapes and sizes, numerous
details, pertinent data, are conveniently pre-
sented.
When you're planning walls, floors, and fire-
proofing in any structure where fire safety,
speedy erection, permanence, minimum
weight, and all round economy are desirable
features—reach f o r Sweet's. The complete
Natco catalog will demonstrate that, what-
ever the Building Need, there's a Natco Struc-
tural Clay Tile to fill it.
T U R N T O S W E E T ' S j Inkm //
i l *A»9
PAGE
III AB08
NATCO
THE COMPLETE L I N E Of
S T R U C T U R A L CLAY T I L E
T H E L A R G E S T C O N C E R N I N T H E W O I L L ^ J Y I A K I N G A X£>\ 5TRuCILTRAL_CLAy P R O D U
GJLfcOAL Q F F I C L S J F U L T O N B U I L D I N G . P I T T S B U R G H . P A . B R A N C H E S : NEW Y O R K . C H A N I N B U I l D l N G i J l r U . C A G O ^ B J J I L D I J l L f l J J ^ l M ^ J i l L A D E L P
L A N D ~TITLE B T H l D I H G - ^ Q S X C l N T TEXTILE B U I L D I N G A N D N A T I Q N A L _ £ ! E i _ E R O Q £ ! N G - C O M P A N Y OF C A N A D A . LTD.. T O R O N T O . ONT.
f oo r r
• r - n o o r T (i o th o r i
A S E R I E S OF SUGGESTIONS FOR
STUDENTS AND DRAFTSMEN BY /,//
>•-» • I
On Tinted Papers
E
F F E C T I V E as the "Mona Lisa" C o l o r e d O i l Chalk Pen-
cils and Crayons and the "Koh-i-noor" Polycolor W a x
Crayons are w h e n used on white paper, as demon-
strated i n the previous drawings of this series, one is not
acquainted w i t h their full possibilities until he experiments
w i t h their use on colored papers. Especially w h e n original
effects are sought this field offers unlimited opportunities.
T h e above rendering for a proposed residence shows
one such combination. T h i s was quickly rendered on tinted
charcoal paper over an instrumental layout, the tone of the
paper itself being to no small extent responsible for the
harmonious effect of the whole. For some purposes darker
papers such as browns or greens or grays are better. Fre-
quently the paper itself is lett to represent the walls, roofs,
shadows or other essential tones. R o u g h papers are perhaps
more popular than smooth as their textural character makes
possible interesting effects with a minimum amount of
drawing. T r a c i n g paper "floated" on to colored board offers
further possibilities.
K O H - I - N O O R P E N C I L C O M P A N Y , Inc.
34 EAST 23rd STREET, NEW YORK
Send for free color charts o f crayons and descriptive booklet o f
ad Go colors Koh-i-noor products.
114 P E N C I L P O I N T S F O R J A N U A R Y , 1 9 3 0
^fhere Strength
is Needed
fiH
Only
DVMLumber
will Do /
W HENEVER strength
construction,
is needed
make sure you
in
use
makes it ready for painting or any other
treatment.
dry lumber . . . lumber bearing the official For these reasons moisture content limi-
SPA grade-mark of the Southern Pine As- tations were incorporated in the grading
sociation. rides of the Southern Pine Association.*
The strength of Southern Pine, as proven Now, when you see the mark of SPA on a
by governmental tests, (Department of stick of lumber you know it is dry—double-
Agriculture Bulletin 556). is strength lumber, reduced to
LONG L E A F SOUTHERN P I N E
doubled when it is dry. Dry- the moisture content proper
TWICE As STRONG WHEN DRY
ing also eliminates the dan- for the use for which it is
A cairn M(/
ger of shrinkage, warping or
checking. It renders the lum-
ri ^ 1
intended.
Demand the official mark

ber less subject to decay, en- ~ 1 of SPA. It is the sign of lum-
ables it to resist the damag- ber safety. Protecting you
ing attacks of insects, and and those whom you serve
2rcc.
Southern JîneAssociation/
N E W O R L E A N S
*Send for the Southern Pine Association Moisture

Content booklet, . . . "And now. dry lumber."
" 1
f
. FOR FOUR GENERATIONS B b I l : D t R S 0 F GREENHOUSES
Wherein the Plunge

Takes on a New Interpretation
Being
No. 12 of
a Series
T HE problem was to satisfy this client's
request for "a something between a swim-
ming pool and a glorified bath tub." 'A place
of 12 where there would be ample space for an invigor-
ating morning plunge, and. for the children to
frolic in. Still, when not in use, it must be a
flower surrounded pool, garden-like in effect. A
goodly space apart, for chairs and sunning couches
was a requirement. Above all, there must be
flowers.
So we took one of our standard houses, 25 x 100,

and made the pool end a semi octagon. The pool
portion was given a division accent by a simple
ford> fWnham(o lattice arch. A l l the heating pipes were placed
under the plant benches along the sides, the
IRVINGTON, N. Y. fronts having grilles of plain upright square
New York Denver spindles.
Albany Detroit
Philadelphia St. Louis The result is frankly quite one of the most prac-
Chicago Greensboro, N . C . tical and effective things we have been privileged
Boston Montreal to do in many a moon. Mayhap it holds a
Buffalo St. Catharines thought for you. Glad to give you any partic-
Cleveland Toronto ulars you may wish.
TIME-THAT TOUGH OLD TESTER...

Meet Time, that tough old tester of everything in this world. To
his aid, Time calls all the destructive forces of the universe. Years
For >bur Protectior
come and go, storms and sunshine, heat and cold make their This Indented Spire
accustomed rounds, while Time, the tough old tester, broods Forever Marks
over the world, trying, testing, destroying.
Yet Time, the tough old tester, does have his troubles. Against
one material devised by man, Time and his serving-men falter.
That material is genuine Puddled Wrought Iron — the metal of
which Reading 5-Point Pipe is made. Watch for the next coming
of Time, the tough old tester—you can learn about pipe from him.
READING IRON C O M P A N Y , Reading, Pennsylvania
GENUINE PUDDLED WROUGHT IRON Wm\
EADINC
D I A M E T E R S R A N G I N G F R O M '/& TO
P I P E
2 0 INCHES 1 ^ - 4
Science and Invention Hare Never Found a Satisfactory Substitute for Genuine Puddled Wrought lro\
For Your
CONVENIENCE
RUNHfll
L
* # H E A T I N G SE8V
58 Pages
right in your own
office ready
for reference at
all times
I I
ill
The NEW Architectural edition

of the DUNHAM HANDBOOK
Complete data on the exclusive
is in Sweet's
Over 8oo installations in
all types of buildings, many
of them replacing other
heating systems, show fuel
design and operating features of
Dunham Differential H e a t i n g is
economy that can only be published this year as a 58 page section of Sweet's Architectural
described as remarkable. Catalogs. All the essential information for heating system layout is
Savings from 25 to 40%
are fully authenticated. included in convenient form, with tables of pipe sizes, radiation re-
Combine this with control
so perfect that occupants
quirements, dimensions, and installation and operating data as well
are not conscious of the as specifications adaptable to all types of buildings.
heating system and you
will see why those who
This handbook will be supplemented by the complete Dunham service
know Dunham Heating are which is available from each of the 80 sales offices listed.
enthusiastic about it.
Look through the blue-cover Dunham section in Volume D of Sweet's
1930 Catalogs now. Consult its 58 pages of data when you plan the
heating system for any client who will appreciate 25 to 40% fuel
savings PLUS the finest character of heating service.
C. A. D U N H A M CO.
D u n h a m Building
4 5 0 E a s t O h i o S t . , C h i c a g o , III.
JOHNS-MANVILLEl
,' R O D U C f
hese photographs show in o n e case the

pleasing effect obtained by the use of F i e r i -
d e n e Stone in a formal arrangement a n d in
the other a detail suggesting how well the
stone b e h a v e s under the chisel.
Johns-Manville
FLORIDENE
STONE
(•JOHN S M A N V I L L g
IP H O D U C T S
There are many possi b i l i i les

in this warm, interesting stone
quarried in Florida
]LL of those elements which of a building every architect is vitally
you seek in a stone we be- interested. Products which have re-
lieve you will find in Flori- lation to the final appearance of the
dene Stone. It has a pleasing design are as important to the archi-
warmth of color. It- texture is inter- tect as pigments and canvas to the
esting. Tests of the most exacting painter. Of less esthetic interest, but
nature prove its resistance to weather, of equal importance in relation to
and that it will withstand pressures the whole project are many unseen
far in excess of any ever encountered elements. The products of Johns-
in building. Yet with these advan- Manville are found in both groups.
tages Floridene Stone possesses the
thoroughly practical feature of being W e seek to meet you on
easy to work whether it be simple
cutting, or elaborate carving. Fur- your own ground
thermore. Floridene Stone has a grain
The Architectural Service Depart-
which allows of fine detail wherever
ment of Johns-Manville Corporation
decorative schemes calling for such
is a division organized and conducted
treatment are desired.
for the express purpose of this coop-
W e contribute to design eration with architects. J-M Archi-
tectural Service representatives are
and performance
chosen because of their ability and
Floridene Stone is quarried in Flor- experience along architectural and
ida, near Bradentou. It has been COBS! ruction lines. It is their aim to be
used in local projects for some years. of all possible assistance to architects
In offering this interesting stone to who are concerned with any of the
architects, Johns-Manville is carrying many J ohns-Manville prod acts which
out its established policy of pro v idling are used in the construction or equip-
materials' that offer genuine advan- ment of buildings. We feel that the
tages to every man interested in high menof our Architectural Ser\ ice ha\ e
grade building construction. an experience which enables them
In matters which affect the design to be valuable to many architects.
FOR THE BUILDING I NDUSTRY

Acoustical Materials Asbestocel Pipe Insulations Asbestos and Asphalt Shingles Built-Up Roofs
Home Insulation Insulating Board Transite Tile Flooring Floridene Stone
Johns-Manville
J C O R P O R A T I O N
This Beautiful new Canadian school is safe-

guarded by acid-proof Duriron drain lines from
the laboratories
THE, D I M M GOMMY
DAYTON- OHIO • US-h
Vertical Transportation
> Office Buildinos I
r
r f 71 ,1 ,
if V fa"(i « » 1
Mi
The Otis
1
1
Signal Control Elevator rr if pir •
is the outstanding
development in Vertical
Transportation
today
Y EARS of research w ork in the

world's largest elevator organ-
ization have culminated in the de-
velopment of this finer, more ef-
ficient elevator, which is giving
greater service, more speed and
comfort with the same inherent
Otis features of assured safety and
freedom from excessive repairs and
costly maintenance.
For office buildings of smaller

size the long-established standard
Otis Car Switch Control Elevator
provides maximum service for
buildings which do not require the
highest speed, intensive service.
Otis Engineers are at I In-

service of architects and
i» builders without obligation.
A telephone call to our nearest

office will receive immediate
attention
TIS ELEVATOR COMPANY

OFFICES IN A L L P R I N C I P A L CITIES OF T H E WORLD
Ambitious Draftsmen-
VALUABLE
TIME- TAKE NOTE!
Here is your best opportunity to get into a more inter-
SAVERS! esting and better-paying position — w i t h a greater
future assured!
Hundreds of Airplane D r a f t s m e n wanted by the biggest
designers and m a n u f a c t u r e r s thruout the United States
and Canada. T h e A v i a t i o n I n d u s t r y is f o r g i n g ahead so
fast that trained draftsmen are at a premium — and
they command higher s a l a r i e s than ever before!
Complete Aviation Drafting Course

Always Keep A SET Handy! Including; B l n c p r f n t Reading; is* offered by B r o o k l y n
EnKineering- I n s t i t u t e (Operated by i h e Bedford Y . M.
C. A . ) one of the leading; technical *»chooI« In the Eaut.
O n renderings, tracings, details, charts, graphs This is a very thorough course under a most competent
and sketches, Higgins' Colors identify various instructor — Mr. J . F . K n u d s o n , J r . , who Is an executive
of the C u r t i s s Aeroplane and Motor Company. I t goes
objects a n d elements immediately! deeply into every phase of Aviation, B l u e p r i n t i n g and
D r a f t i n g , omitting no essential details.
C o n s i d e r t h e m a n y uses to w h i c h y o u c a n p u t T h i s complete course is given in 16 Sessions, each ses-
sion is a short, intensive study of an individual phase
H i g g i n s ' C o l o r e d D r a w i n g I n k s to save y o u r of the general subject.
time. I n s t e a d of p u r c h a s i n g only the inevitable Ony classes meet Monday morning-M 0 to 12
and Monday afternoonn from I to 4.
B l a c k s , buy a set of Higgins' Inks, a n d i n c l u d e a Evening- ( lasses meet T u e s d a y and T h u r s d a y evening-*
liberal supply of these t i m e - s a v i n g , effective f r o m 7:30 to 10.
T h e T u i t i o n is u n u s u a l l y low—and may be paid in
colors. . . . . . . . . weekly installments.
Enroll today—Start at once!
C H A S . M . H I G G I N S & C O . , 271 N i n t h S t . , B r o o k l y n , N . Y . or write for illustrated catalog 37
HIGGINS' Brooklyn Engineering Institute

(Operated by the Bedford Y . M . C . A.)
drawing inks
1115-1125 Bedford Avenue,
Brooklyn, N . Y .
BEAUX-ARTS INSTITUTE OF DESIGN

3 0 4 East 4 4 t h Street. N e w Y o r k . N . Y .
A
Nominal Fee for instruction in
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN. SCULPTURE. INTERIOR DECORATION
MURAL PAINTING COMPOSITION
In cooperation with other educational institution*
y w a y of N e w Y e a r COURSES IN SCULPTURE IN ALL ITS BRANCHES AT THE INSTITUTE
Instruction founded on the principles of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts of Psrls
r e s o l u t i o n . . . s e e w h a t Circular on Application
c o n s i s t e n t i m p r o v e m e n t
w i l l s h o w i n y o u r w o r k
. . . if y o u u s e c o n s i s t e n t l y
W H A T M A N h a n d - m a d e
d r a w i n g p a p e r s . . . h o t -
Incrtast Teir Capacity to Str?t Toir Cliti
At Home—by Mail you can learn the artf
p r e s s e d , c o l d - p r e s s e d or knowledge of beautifying grounds—lay ing
S$ estates, parka, etc-
r o u g h s u r f a c e More Money for the Architect who can
Grounds as well as the Building
Bigger fees for the Architect—bigger pay for the dn
W r i t e f o r s a m p l e s man who knows Landscape Design. Easy to leai)
home in spare time by mail.
Write for Details—>(o Obligation
A M E R I C A N LANDSCAPE SCHOOL
H. R E E V E A N G E L 8B C O . , I n c . 46 Plymouth Bldjj. Des Moines, lu\
7-11 Spruce Street New Y o r k C i t y
Write for Catalogue and Price List of the
WHITE PINE SERIES

c5 Whia^m^m of Architectural Monographs
Volumes I through XII
Genuine Hand-Made
DRAWING PAPERS
T H E P E N C I L POINTS PRESS, I N C .
419 Fourth Ave., New York, N . Y .
Minimizing Maintenance
Co& with DUPLEX
Timber Fittings
T H E years that fol-
low the completion
of a structure prove the
value of the Architect's
endorsements.
Our 38 years of ex-
perience in the manu-
facture of Timber Fit-
tings has built a strong
confidence in Duplex
among the leading
architects and engineers,
as a line free from the
necessity of replace-
Typical installation showing DUPLEX ment or frequent in-
Steel Post Caps tor four-way construction spection.
and Duplex Malleable Joist Hangers.
A Reference Book of Mill Building
Construction, called hv many the
most comprehensive work ever pub-
lished on mill construction, is avail-
able, without cost, to Architects and
Engineers.
BEST SINCE 1890
Send for your copy today. Ask for Edition 27-P
me D U P L E X H A N G E D Go.
C U V E L A N O . OHIO ESTABLISHED IBBO
JOIST HANGERS WALL PLATES ~ POST CAPS
WALL HANGERS POST BASES BEAM HANGERS
KITCHEN 're Ready,
ENGINEERING B
Mr. Hoover!
I L L I O N S for G o v e r n m e n t . Itste, m u n i c i p a l ,
railroad, public utility a n d industrial
c o n s t r u c t i o n d u r i n g 1 9 3 0 . . . the greatest peace
time e x p a n s i o n p r o g r a m ever u n d e r t a k e n . . .
A m e r i c a ' s a n s w e r to P r e s i d e n t Hoover's c a l l for
c o n t i n u e d prosperity.
H u n d r e d s o f plans to be d r a w n . . . thousands
T H I S covers plan-
n i n g a n d design-
ing to secure w o r k i n g
of blue prints to be made. S p e e d is a p a r a m o u n t
consideration.
economies. L i k e w i s e N o time to take c h a n c e s w i t h faint, wishy-washy
the f u r n i s h i n g of reproductions. N o l i m e to h a r a s s over-taxed
standard equipments, draftsmen's eyes with glary d r a w i n g i n k .
a n d special labor sav-
ing items for prepar- Here's w o r k y o u s h o u l d entrust to W e b e r Water-
ing a n d serving food. proof D r a w i n g I n k . I t assures better drawings
O v e r a h a l f century . . . s h a r p e r , e a s i e r - r e a d i n g blue p r i n t s . . . a
i n business. Finest of better h u m o r e d d r a f t i n g r o o m force.
installations to our
credit.
F. W E B E R C O M P A N Y , I n c .
1 2 2 0 Buttonwood St., P h i l a d e l p h i a
Branches i St. Louis, Baltimore
BRAMHALb DEANE* CQ
49-53 E.21St Street W a t e r p r o o f
NEWYORK CITY Drawing Ink

RODDIS FLUSH D O O R S
Installations w h e r e
cleanliness is vitally
important—the City
Hospital, A k r o n , O .
A . E. Hardgrove,
Supt.
Washable
these shades are
SURGICAL BUILDING
deal for B I G
buildings
W INDOW-SHADE specifications
have been revised substantially
by the builders and operators of big
buildingssince Kemitex was introduced.
Now, a window-shade, to get consider-

ation, must be known to be economical
as well as acceptable in appearance.
ADMINISTRATION a n d MATERNITY BUILDINGS
It must look good to start with. It must
have qualities which make it possible
to be restored to this initial good ap-
pearance, frequently thruout years of
^ II 11 I f i i ii u i service. It must last longer, and thus
5 II I I 11 M^flT cost less per year.
a II ii « i i ii I I i Kemitex being e a s i l y cleanable by

i ii ii " a
washing with ordinary soap and water
has setnew standards of window-shade
efficiency and costs. It is the ideal win-
dow-shade for big buildings and is
gaining country-wide preference
among quality-minded home owners.
NURSES' HOME
The K E M I T E X P R O D U C T S C O .
WADSWORTH, OHIO
A CHEMICALLY IMPREGNATED
S H A D E CLOTH
THE KEMITEX PRODUCTS C O .
Wadsworth, O h i o
Please send me complete details regarding Kemitex, together with samples.
NAME
FIRM ADDRESS
his "ALL-AMERICAN"
INSTALLATION
actually p a y s the o w n e r
$ 1 2 0 a month
A FOUR-APARTMENT
. building in Newark
was modernized last year
increased rent is velvet
for the owner. When you
specify "All-American"
by the installation of a Heating you are assuring
complete American Radi- your clients real d i v i -
ator Heating system. The dends fr6m their invest-
tenants were more than ment— dividends in
satisfied, all agreeing to money, dividends in com-
an increase o f $30 a fort, dividends in health.
month in their rent—The And you are insuring
installation has already yourself a thoroughly
paid for itself, and the satisfied customer.
§ £3
AMERICAN RADIATQRCOMPANY
40 W E S T 40th S T R E E T , N E W Y O R K
ML\WAX PRODUCTS SEAL PROTECT BEAUTIFY
A dead line against dampness and disintegration

for the life of any building
I n any city or any town there is un immediate
need f o r some M in wax Product. Below are
listed the p r i n c i p a l items that we m a n u - IS
facture. As a group they constitute a com-
plete service covering all protective require-
ments. E a c h has been conceived, made and
perfected to solve some problem of d a m p -
p r o o f i n g or preserving wood or m a s o n r y . F o r
detail i n f o r m a t i o n either r e f e r to Sweet's
Catalogue, or check the list, tear out the
page, add your n a m e and address, and com-
plete data will be sent you by return m a i l .
MF.MBBANE W A T E R P R O O F I N G . . . The original,

elastic, rollon fabric system. It is liuilt up on the
job wilh mopping* of M I N W A X Waterproofing
A-phi.lt and layers of M I N W A X Saturated M M l to
f o r m an elastic strctchablc p e r m a n e n t watcrprooftda>
F O U N D A T I O N D A M P I ' B O O F I N C . . . M I N W A X JWWM
Fibrous l l ' n 11 Coat, applied eol.l with a hru-h
penetrates and lb-posit* a touich film of M I N W A X
Asphalt re-lnfnrcrd asbestos filrre. Simple, positive,
lasting, economical.
C A U L K I N G C O M P O U N D S . . . I n black or rotors.
For use around steel or wood windows. Will not
harden or become brittle.
PitMCTTOtCMnWC (PLASTERBOND) . . . Developed

f r o m M I N W A X Asphalts f o r use on exposed masonry
walls under plusler In prevent staining, leakage, ele.
Produeed in three consistencies: Plain, for spray.
Semi-mastic, for brush. Trowel Mastic, f o r trowel
application.
TR ANSPARENT W A T E R P B O O F I N C . . . For prevent-

ing leakage, efflorescence and disintegration o f
masonry walls without changing their color or
texture. Three distinct types:
Colorless Waterproofing. Clear Waterproofing, »««

Heavy Clear Waterproofing.
BRICK A M I CEMENT I O V T I N C . . . A preservative.

nraterp<
W atarproofing
I coatini
for use
iarrfnwd
on all
f r o m
masonry
M I N W A X
building*
Clear
to
•
waterproof and prevent leakage, decorate and
preserve. White and in c o l o n .
CONCRETE A N D T E R R A Z Z O F L O O R F I N I S H . . .
»»
a
Plain or colored. Protects, toughens anil develop*
m a x i m u m efficiency of all masonry floors.
vl-ii a f u l l bodied floor enamel of unusual taugbnesg.
W O O D FINISHES . . . M I N W A X Flat Finish is a

preservative, penetrative treatment forming a com-
plete architectural finish for floors and trim. I n
Main
tr..u-
and
finish.
in color-.
Also
Produce-
penetrating
a beautiful,
finishes
-oft.
f o r Maple
In —
»#i.'i
Floors.
• • !"rr»a
W A X E S . . . M I N W A X f — H u l l (Pa»te and L i q u i d ) . I. . #*"
Paste f o r m recommended for producing high polish
finish. Liquid f o r m as a conditioner, cleaner anil
maintenance material. Designed to function with
M I N W A X Flat Finish, but useable on all surfaces.
•V
MINWAX CO., Inc.

A complete nerrire fur waterproofing, damppraofing, and •
pretervation of mamonry and wottd. HUM*
A M
11 West 4 2 n d Street, New Y o r k City
B r a n c h : 2 3 2 East E r i e St. Factory: Drlawanna,
Chicago, I I I . New Jersey
For Representative*— Refer to

t e l e p h o n e d i r e c t o r y . .r see S w e e t
Canadian Hepretentntire: The Raines Company of Canada

lour. Anderson Street, Montreal, Que.
O u t s t a n d i n g
Food P r o d u c i n g
P l a n t s
use
Bayley Pivoted Windows Screened In addition to the Reichardt
Cocoa and Chocolate Com-
pany other recent installa-
tions of Bayley Pivoted Win-
BECAUSE . . . they keep out insects, protect food products, assure dows Screened are:
strict compliance with pure food laws and give perfect ventilation at McPhails Chocolates, Inc.
all times. They are the ideal all year-'round windows. Jacksonville, Fla.
Nashville Pure Milk Co.
Nashville, Tcnn.
BECAUSE . . . ventilators operate without movement of screens or Bowman Dairy Co.
flexing of screen contacts. Screens are easily removable, without use River Forest, 111.
of tools, for cleaning or winter storage. Wichita Pie Factory
Wichita, Kans.
Carnation Milk Products Co.
BECAUSE . . . original design, quality materials and dependable Schulenburg, Tex.
construction cut upkeep cost to the very minimum, while quantity Fairmont Creamery
Rapid City, S. D.
production on the standardized plan reduces first cost.
Union Milk Company, Ltd.
Calgary, Alberta, Canada
BECAUSE . . . sections are V/>" deep, as in all Bayley Steel Windows, Way Baking Company
which gives added strength and durability. Jackson, Mich.
S. B . Thomas Bakery
Long Island City, N. Y .
Call in Bayley engineers when preparing plans and specifications and
Eskimo Pie Plant
get the benefit of our more than twenty years' specialized experience Brooklyn, N. Y .
and knowledge. Write for name and address of nearest representative. Reichardt Baking Co.
Saginaw, Mich.
. . . The William Bayley Company, 134 North Street, Springfield, Ohio.
Goddard Bakery
Cheater, W. Va.
Ebinger Baking Co.
Brooklyn, N. Y .
K M i a
V. & H . Canneries, Inc.
Minster, Ohio
Sussex Creamery Co.
SYEEL WINDCWS & DCCRS Dugsboro, Del.
Fischer Baking Co.
Asbury Park, N. J .
Williams Bakery
Scranton, Pa.
Reichardt Cocoa ISt
Chocolate Co., New
Brunswick. N. J.
DISTRICT OFFICES
New York, 67 W. 44th St.
Boston, 5 Park St.
Chicago, 75 E . Wacker Driv
Cleveland, 449 Terminal Towe
Washington, 1427 I St., N. \*
Atlanta, 407 Bona Allen Bid
Springfield, O., North S
Sales Agencies alto in Principal Citi
Russell G. Cory, Architect Industrial Engineering Co., Builders
Plate glass finish . . . uniform quality
. . . simple . . . scientifically efficient —
AURORA is designed for doors and par-
titions in buildings where quality and
good taste are emphasized without
sacrificing the proper illumination de-
manded by modern business.
Sample upon request.

130 P E N C I L P O I N T S F O R J A N U A R Y , 1 9 3 0
• ••
G
• T h i s advertisement
was suggested by a
prominent Architect.
/"HE
... about S p e e d Heaters
"As many useful facts as possible ...all the data and no drama"...
S p e e d H e a t e r s are suspended electric blower-type steam
heaters for industrial and commercial applications. Very rapid
action. May be thermostatically controlled. Extremely eco-
nomical in first cost and operation.
"Facts, with the least insulation possible"...

S p e e d H e a t e r s have two operating speeds. H i g h speed for
quick heating. L o w speed for maintaining set temperature.
A l l models equipped with high pressure A e r o f i n . . . for steam
pressures up to 350 lbs. Vertical louvres spread air steam
over wide area. Units are very quiet.
C O U P O N Sturtevant men are in principal cities ready to figure on short

B. F . S T U R T E V A N T CO. notice. O u r "blue" catalog contains complete working data
Hyde Park, Boston, Mass. for Architects and Engineers. Copies distributed by our local
Kindly send me a copy of the SPEED HEATER
D A T A BOOK.
offices. T h e coupon awaits your pencil.
Name of Company
B. F. S T U R T E V A N T C O M P A N Y
Street Address Plants and Offices at: Berkeley, Cal. •« Camden, N . J . « Framingham.Mass.
Gait, Ontario •* Hyde Park, Mass. •« Sturtevanc, W i s .
City ...State Branch Officti *K A t l a n t a ; Boston ; B u f f a l o ; Camden; Charlotte .Chicago Cincinnati . Cleveland; D a l l a s ;
Denver; D e t r o i t ; H a r r i o r d ; Indianapolis , Kansas Ciry ; Los Angeles; Milwaukee . Minneapolis; Newark
New Y o r k ; Omaha; Pittsburgh ; Portland ; Rochester ;St. Louis ;San Francisco;Seattle. Washington. D . Z.
Canadian Offuts at: T o r o n t o ; M o n t r e a l and G a i t . •* CmtHtM Rtprmmaiin: K i p p K e l l y , L t d . , Winnipeg
Alia Aynli ii Principal /•>«£» Caunirm
Slu rleva nl (REG. U.S. PAT, OFF.)

S p e e d
"More Heat
H e a t e r
Less Steam
A new trim material of great beauty

and wide adaptability
L I G H T in weight but very strong,
1 Bakelite Laminated is a mate-
rial that causes no trouble through
inated. It is also made in black and
in various colors, affording the archi-
tect or decorator wide latitude in
swelling, shrinking or splitting. It working out his ideas. It is splen-
leaves the factory a finished product didly adapted for rooms designed in
that requires no painting, varnishing the modern style.
or rubbing. I t resists moisture, may
Bakelite Laminated is being used
be washed like glass, and it is non-
with marked success for wall and
inflammable. Under all ordinary
ceiling paneling, window sills and
conditions both color and lustre are
trim, counter facing and tops, base-
permanent.
boards, store fronts and for furni-
The colors and markings of rare ture. Full information and samples
marbles and fine woods are faith- may be obtained from our licensee,
fully reproduced in Bakelite Lam- Formica Insulation Co., Cincinnati, O.
BAKELITE CORPORATION
247 P a r k Ave., New Y o r k , N . Y . Chicago Office: 635 W . 22nd St.
B A K E L I T E C O R P O R A T I O N O F CANADA, 163 Dufferin St., Toronto, Ont.
LTD..
BAKELITE
THE MATERIAL OF VOOJ A THOUSAND USES
"The registered Trade Murk and Symbol shown above may be used only on product! made from matenali
manufactured by Bakelite Corporation Under the capital "B" ii the numerical sign for infinity, or unlimited
mjajTOty It lymbolua the infinite number of proem and future uaei of Bakelite Corporation'* product*"
132 P E N C I L P O I N T S F O R J A N L ' A R V , 193 0
T H E C A S A N O V A A P A R T M E N T S
Sliorewood (Milwaukee Snburb), Win.
• • • • 80% l e a s e d in advance
•••• colored plumbing fixtures
The bathrooms of the Casanova's thirty-six lation of colored plumbing fixtures."
apartments were furnished with Kohler plumb- This is not an unusual experience. Many
ing fixtures in Autumn Broivn, with handsome architects have found that Kohler fixtures in
decorations in black and green. color make houses and apartments so much
Here is the result, as reported by the build- easier to sell or rent that their reasonable extra
ers. "Eighty per cent of the apartments cost is repaid with interest... See Kohler fix-
were leased before the completion of the tures in livable colors, including the new
building, this being due largely to the instal- T U S C A N , at a Kohler Display Room.
K O H L E R C O . , Founded 1873. Kolilrr. W is. . Shipping Point. Sheboygan, Wis. - Branches in Principal Cities
K O H L E R OF K O H L E
PLUMBING FIXTURES
LOOK FOR THE KOHLER TRADE MARK ON EACH FIXTU
T E R R A C O T T A Buildings
Clean Like New
Below: Pacific Mutual Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
John and Donald Parkinson, Architects.
Built in 1908, 1915, 1929. Terra Cotta of all
three sections matches perfectly after a
simple cleaning.
li
Above : Old Inter Ocean

Building.
Chicago, 111.
Exterior readily made
new by simple washing
after long neglect.
LL architectural materials can be cleaned to the extent

that some part of the accumulated grime can be removed.
But only in Terra Cotta can the original color and fresh-
ness of surface be fully restored, as is apparent every time
an addition is made to an existing building.
The old structure however cleaned never quite matches
the new work except where both have been executed in
terra cotta. This is of outstanding importance where
future additions or extensions may be involved.
^ - s £ Strong cleaning acids are unnecessary and injure
the terra cotta.. Write for our circular on cleaning. "J
NATIONAL TERRA COTTA SOCIETY

230 P A R K A V E N U E NEW YORK, N. Y.
(On behalf of the Terra Cotta Manufacturers throughout the United States)
Just
Published
This New Braun Catalogue No. 30 of
STEEL MOULDINGS
" C R E E P I N G step with the modern trend in metal
work, this catalogue contains many entirely new
steel mouldings, now available for architectural use.
Also important additions to our extensive collection
of steel architectural bronze sections.
Illustrations of notable uses of these materials, and

detailed construction drawings are features of partic-
ular interest to your designers and draughtsmen.
You will find this valuable material arranged in a way

to make it readily accessible for easy reference.
C a t a l o g u e N o . 30 in m a d e to fit y o u r A . I . A .
Files. A copy h i i H been m a i l e d y o u . I f not
received, a n o t h e r 1M- sent o n r e q u e s t .
J . G. BrauR^MCompany
Steel Mouldings Wrought Ornaments
Perforated Sheets
CHICAGO 6 0 9 SOUTH PAUIINA S T R E E T
New YORK 557 W E » T 5 5 "> Sim i i
SAN FRANCISCO I O 0 0 H O W A R D S T R E E T
L O S ANCICLES 1 2 0 5 E A S T 0 '" s u u t i
V *
KEUFFEL & ESSER CO.

HOBOKEN, N. J .
NEW YORK-. CHICAGO ST. LOUIS SAN F R A N C I S C O MONTREAL
TUNE IN
JANUARY 8th
THE ROMANCE
ARCHITECTURE
Westinghouse invites you to tune in 7:30
p. m., Eastern Standard Time, for one of a series
of new and distinctive radio programs . . . a
"Westinghouse Salute" to the Architects of
America, January 8th. An orchestra of 50 pieces,
a wordless chorus of 40 voices, full cast of actor-
stars from the legitimate stage . . . through a
coast-to-coast NBC network including stations
KDKA, WBZ, WBZA and K Y W .
Westinghouse
S A L U T E S T H E A R C H I T E C T S O F A M E R I C
F r i n k r p l l i ' c l o r n a r e i i N e i l i o • 11 •• -
niinah- iIn- gliiw* c e i l i n g in 1 In- fur THE FRINK CORPORATION
N«I«n, um * v t - l l hm tli«- c l i M p l n y B&MI 300 USnZfCtTOK AVK„ NEW YORK
t h r o u g h o u t t h e Ju>-Thurpo, lac* I C r a u r l x - N i l l P r i n c i p a l C'itiew
w t o r « - . I t i i n h m 11 i i A- K a h n . A r r h i U - ' i - l M .
t c No
- 1 8
Complete folio of these drawings sent on request
D I E T .
DRAFTING
SUKV£YING
SUff LICS
D I E T Z G E N today has a most complete and
standard line of drafting and surveying instru-
ments, supplies and furniture—superlative
quality blue print paper to meet every require-
ment of architectural, professional, industrial
or school drafting. The name D I E T Z G E N fa ;i
reliable guarantee of quality and satisfaction.
Our widespread distributing and service or-
ganization bears evidence of the success of the
policy of ever being on the alert, constantly
experimenting in research and design, and
ever seeking new and better methods of pro-
ducing finer products.
All D I E T Z G E N products have been stand-
ardized and simplified to meet the exacting
needs for which they are intended. This gives
you wide selection for specific purposes and
great adaptability. Because of this standardiza-
tion—repair and replacement parts and service
can be readily obtained from any of our dealers
or branches at any time.
Always Specify D I E T Z G E N
to Insure Complete Satisfaction
Our Prompt Dispatch Service, good dependable
qualitv, complete standard line and popular
prices induce many to use D I E T Z G E N ' S cata-
log exclusively for their drafting and surveying
requirements.
Besides being one of the largest manufacturers
of drafting and surveying supplies and leading
coaters of fine blue print paper, D I E T Z G E N
are distributors of:
HAMILTON DRAFTING FURNITURE

WRICO LETTERING GUIDE
FARRAND RAPID RULE
HALDEN CALCULEX
E U G E N E D I E T Z G E N CO.
Chkaao New Yorit Philadelphia Washington
New Orleane Pittiburah m m ? Milwaukee 1
U » Angelca
>«n Franc!»co Factory at Chicago
Stanulactmnt of Dra/lmg and Si<r>r)inf Supplu
E
Mongol Colored
Pencil FILLS A
LONG-FELT W A N T
II
wrote T H O M A S H A S T I N G S , architect
T H E Mongol Colored Pencil which you have at last

found a way to produce," he wrote, "fills, it seems to
me, a long-felt want—a pencil in color with a thin lead
and one which can be used in almost the same way as
the ordinary black lead pencil."
A colored pencil with a thin lead. Takes a needle
point. Wears away slowly. And the point will not snap!
Guaranteed not to break in ordinary use.
In our opinion no single pencil has ever awak-
ened such immediate public response from
professional men and laymen alike. Dollar bills
pinned to coupons such as the one below—are being
received by the hundreds.
Water colors, too,

from the tip of this pencil
Take any one of the 12 Mongol Colored
Indelible Pencils. Shade in the colors
Try it yourself. You '11 be amazed.
Sharpen a Mongol Colored Indelible with the pencil. Run over the marks
Pencil—punch it through stiff card- with a wet brush. The result is a smooth,
board. It will not break! even wash, hard to distinguish from
Send the attached coupon and $1.00 fine water-color work.
for the handy easel-type box of 12
new Mongol Colored Indelible Pencils.
E B E R H A R D F A B E R P E N C I L COMPANY
Dept. pp-1-3-0
37 Greenpoint Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y .
(Check)
LD Enclosed is $1.00. Send me a handy casel-type
box containing 12 of the new Mongol Colored Indelible
Pencils.
FABER
• Send me F R E E copy of the Eberhard Faber Pencil -
Selection Chart. 12 Different Colors.
Name
Street.
City_ State
Dealer's Name
Aquatint study of the Brearley School, New Y o r k City ^ Benjamin W . Morris, Architect w
Clyde R . Place, Consulting Engineer T u r n e r Construction Company, General
Contractor ^ Gillis & Geoghegan, Heating Contractor J . L . Murphy, Plumbing
Contractor . . Jenkins Valves serve in both the plumbing and heating of this modern school.
Jenkins Bros. ^ 80 White St., New Y o r k ^ 524 Atlantic Ave. TTM^m^û^-Di^na
Boston ^ 133 N o . 7th St., Philadelphia ^ 646 Washington

> (ÔntdnS^^lWS
Blvd., Chicago . . . Jenkins Bros., Ltd. ^> Montreal ^ London. "
"Reproduction of this etching sent on request addressed to 80 "White Street. 7ê w y o r k.
TlH IS m o d e r n conception of Madonna
and C h i l d , a s w e l l as o t h e r o r n a m e n t a l
features of St. T h o m a s t h e Apostle
School, was produced by s c u l p t o r s of
The Northwestern Terra Cotta C o m p a n y ,
after design, Shattuck & Layer, Architects.
For t h e d e l i c a t e modeling of t h o s e fine
designs which give c h a r a c t e r and beauty
to a building a n d mark it with the indi-
viduality of its designer, Northwestern
Terra Cotta is the ideal present-day mate-
rial. It reproduces with great fidelity the
designer's finest conceptions; the sculptor's
m a s t e r p i e c e s . Besides these advantages,
the repetition of decorative motifs in terra
cotta d i s t r i b u t e s the o r i g i n a l modeling
cost f r a c t i o n a l l y to each piece, thus
linking high quality with true economy.
THE N O R T H W E S T E R N
TERRA COTTA C O M P A N Y
DENVER , CHICAGO « ST. LOUIS
C t r t t
t I t ' f t t t tj't' t t t £ t f t t f t i
3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3,3 3 3j 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 1 1 3
id 1 1 1 1 1 1 * n ^ i i i i i n w.
FINISHED W I T H STEEL INTERIOR TRIM FOR PERMANENCE

The Youngstown Hospital is a fine example of Buchheit Sons Company enjoyed the type of
the modern trend in hospital construction. A l l cooperation which has made United a favored
elevator enclosures, dumbwaiters, swing doors, name with contractors the country over.
borrowed lights and more than 900 interior frames Fitted by experience to handle any hollow metal
are of United Hollow Metal Construction. requirement—equipped to produce accurately
Architect Albert Kahn knows from long and on time regardless of the size of the
experience the quality and scope of •is job, United has r i g h t f u l l y earned its
United engineering service. Joseph standing in the hollow metal industry.
THE UNITED METAL PRODUCTS COMPANY

CANTON, OHIO
" C A s r £ £ £ "
POLYCHROMOS
PENCILS
IN 6 4 C O L O R S
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NEWARK, NEW JERSEY ERASERS
Pencil Manufacturers for over 168 y e a r s for the
d r a f t s m an
COLORUNDUM
is an Integral Colored Armor Plate
for Concrete Floors
A t every annual c o n v e n t i o n o f the

N a t i o n a l B u i l d i n g Owners and
Managers Association, the prob-
lem was presented o f p r o d u c i n g
colored concrete floors, t h a t w o u l d
be n o n - f a d i n g , w e a r resistant,
decorative and s t i l l be s m o o t h ,
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fused wear resistants and water-
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proofings. I t is applied when the
that i t didn't seem quite right
floor is laid and becomes an inte- not to step aside from our usual
gral part of the surface. Floors Floor Finishing Service talks and
so colored are made highly wear tell you about i t . However, just
resistant, and s t i l l do n o t have let us r e m i n d y o u , t h a t the
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matter of fact, such floors can be finishing experts is always at
made glassy-smooth. They have your disposal.
A, C. Horn Company
Branch Offices in All Principal Cities
Works: General Sales Offices:
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N. Y . New York City
144 PENCIL POINTS FOR JANUARY*. 1930
NEW YORKER HOTEL, N E W YORK CITY

Sugarman & Berger, Architects
WINDOWS GLAZED WITH LIBBEY-OWENS FLAT DRAWN SHEET GLAS
LIBBEY-OWENS GLASS
8 COMPANY B
TOLEDO
OHIO
H I D D E N P O W E R /
in mxsON
30/
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ity passing above. Rixson No. 30 and
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DOUBLE ACTING
The reputation of No. 30 and No.
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FLOOR CHECKS
patented construction with double sets
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The mechanical details of No. 30 years on end—/or-
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are impressive to the man who knows
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i
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146 PENCIL POINTS FOR JANUARY', 1930
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T H E ARCHITECT'S PROFIT
A N D P R O D U C T I O N COST
A report written by
CHARLES KYSON
from data collected and compiled by
T H E ARCHITECTS' L E A G U E of
HOLLYWOOD
Fair child Aerial Surveys, Inc.
T H E ARLINGTON MEMORIAL BRIDGE
McKim, Mead & IVltitc, Architects.
Noble in its conception, most strikingly appropriate in its A 40'page document reprinted from
design and location, a memorial of commanding beauty
and usefulness . . . this great bridge crosses the historic
Potomac from Lincoln Memorial to Arlington Cemetery,
PENCIL POINTS
symbolizing the complete reunion of North and South
and paying a beautiful tribute to the brave boys of both
sections who gave all in their country's service. Issues of May, June, and July, 1929
W e invite your inspection of the more than 500 carloads
of accurately cut and nicely carved Mount Airy Granite
already ship|>e<l by us for this bridge.
^ M O U N T A I R Y GRANITE ^ ^ PRICE ONE DOLLAR

J. D . S A R G E N T G R A N I T E CO. Published by
MT. AIRY, N. C. T H E PENCIL POINTS PRESS, I N C .
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127 N . D e a r b o r n S t . . C h i c a g o 207 F u l t o n B l d g . , P i t t s b u r g h 419 Fourth Ave. New York, N . Y .
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In its perfected form is the
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ideal hinge tor discriminating work.
design and construction, dur- A style for every use
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G E N E R A L OFFICES A N D F A C T O R Y
ROCHESTER, N.Y.
ARCHITECTURE TOSCANE
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PAR A. GRANDJEAN DE MONTIGNY ET A. FAMIN, ARCHITECTES,
Anciens Pensionnaires De L'Academie De France, A Rome.
Reprinted With a Preface and Description of Plates
By JOHN V. VAN PELT, F.A.I.A., A.D.G.F.
T HIS volume, the first one to be pub-

lished in "The Library of Architec-
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110 plates of the original edition. In
Gherardesca; among the ecclesiastical
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Church of the St. Esprit and the Convent
of the Augustines, Chapel of the Pazzi, St.
these plates are represented works of Bru- Mary of the Flowers. There are also sev-
nelleschi, Ammanati, Vasari, Giuliano de eral of the more interesting old market
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nano, and many other architects and sculp- The plates are beautifully drawn and
tors. Among the palaces represented are engraved and are reproduced by the photo-
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110 Plates 9x12
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Specid cations 131
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SPECIFICATIONS
FOR A HOSPITAL
Erected at West Chester, Pa., for Chester County
YORK AND SAWYER, Architects
With Notes and Comments by
WILFRED W. BEACH
Through the generous cooperation of the architects, this

volume is presented in the exact wording, paragraphing and
headings of the original work. Helpful notes and comments on
the general specifications by Mr. Wilfred W . Beach, who has for
so long been identified with The Specification Desk department
of P E N C I L P O I N T S , introduces an outside viewpoint of much value.
Mr. Beach's remarks are printed on left-hand pages opposite
the paragraphs to which they refer, and all pages are so arranged
| as to permit of marginal notes by the individual reader. The
mechanical specifications prepared by Mr. Robert Schoenijahn,
| Consulting Engineer, will prove of value to the specification
writer in comparing and checking the mechanical trade sections
of his own work. A complete index witli cross references makes
| it easy to find quickly any desired information.
I t also contains the following illustrations: Plan and eleva-
| tion of a typical utility room, further elevations and details of
utility room, plan of operating suite and section through window,
plan of chemistry and pathology laboratory with details of sink
and pin rack, plan of X - R a y department. One elevation each
of: Chemistry and Pathology Laboratory and of Sterilization
Room, and Details from dark room of X - R a y department and of
operator's booth in Radiography and Fluoroscopy Room. Gen-
eral view of the exterior, Radiography and Fluoroscopy Room—
X - R a y department, Chemistry and Pathology Laboratory,
Bacteriology Laboratory, and operating room.
It is completely indexed and cross-indexed.

A total of five hundred pages, 8% x 11 inches, bound in
Buckram.
Six Dollars - Postpaid
Any book in The Pencil Points Library found unsatisfactory may be returned within 5 days and
payment will be refunded.
i i i i i t i i i t i m i i i Ql iiiititiiiiiiiiittiiiiritiiiiiiifiiiiiiiJiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiitfiiitiiitifiiiiiiiiiiiififif^
Published by
THE PENCIL POINTS PRESS, Inc.
419 Fourth Avenue New York, N . Y.
S T R U C T U R A L S T E E L C R E A T E D T H E S K Y S C R A P E R
MIRACLE
O F
ETAL
(LATTICED tower thrusts its web
linst the city sky. Quickly it
J»ws . . . up, upward . . . metal
[bed, secure. Suddenly there
ds a high, graceful spire rooted
la liny city plot. Whence came
strength to grow so tall, to
ise so much, to become so great,
|so little . . . steel!
,ong before a steel member ap-
irs on the b u i l d i n g site i t s
[ngth has been proved, through
through, time and time again,
flui< < ts and engineers working
steel know steel's every prop-
before it goes into construe-
No other building material
Ivides such accurate knowledge
is characteristics—consequently
le can be used with the same
rough confidence of strength
security,
[his modern age is an age of
\l—for every kind of bridge or
Iding, irrespective of its size.
Hern efficiency calls for saving
building time and material,
re floor space, less weight, less
k—quicker returns, longer use-
less in structures. Only steel is
|rl enough to provide all these.
Technical Service Bureau is

[he disposal of architects, en-
ters, owners and others who
re need of any i n f o r m a t i o n
:h can be supplied through
\merican Institute of Steel Free to architects only I This Hugh Ferris* rendering, reproduced on
Istruction, Inc. special slock for framing, will he mailed on request
I I I5M \ \ INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION* INC.
[co-operative non-profit service organ- STEEL one on practically every type of steel struc*
Mi of the structural steel industry lure, and provides also in one volume,
United States and Canada. Corre- "The Standard Specification for Structural
lence is invited. 200 Madison Avenue, Steel for Buildings," "The Standard Speci-
York City. District offices in New INSURES STRENGTH fication for Fireproofing Structural Steel
Worcester, Philadelphia, Birming- Buildings," and "The Code of Standard
Clevcland, Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Practice." Any or all of these may be had
Topcka, Dallas and San Francisco. AND SECURITY without charge, simply by addressing the
Institute publishes twelve booklets, Institute at any of its offices.
WITH AND FOR OUR ADVERTISERS

ADVERTISING O F F I C E , 4 1 9 FOURTH A V E . , N E W Y O R K , N . Y . , P H I L I P H . HUBBARD, Advertising Manager
District Offices: 1050 Straus Building, Chicago; 953 Leader Building, Cleveland; 703 Market St., San Francisco.
Adam, P r a n k , E l e c t r i c Company 4G Production of a machine-made K a w n e e r Company, The, 87, 88,

Êolus Dickinson 95 tile to meet the Faience effect at a K e m l t e x Products Co., T h e . . . 1!
Alberene Stone Co 58 moderate price, and with greatly K e r n e r Incinerator Co
American B a r L o c k Co.. I n c . . . S reduced cost to install, Is announced Keuffel & E s s e r Co V,
American I n s t i t u t e of Steel by the F l i n t F a i e n c e & T i l e C o m - Kewanee Boiler Company . . . . 40,
Construction 151 pany, F l i n t . Mich. T h e new machine- Kewaunee Mfg. Co
American Landscape School . . . . 122 made tile is called F l i n t c r a f t . T h i s K l i e g l Bros. Universal E l e c t r i c
American Pencil Co 117 new line of tiles will serve those Stage L i g h t i n g Co
American Radiator Company architects who are favorable to a K o h - I - N o o r P e n c i l Co., I n c lj
126. 149 precision type tile installation as Kohler Company lj
American Seating Co 103 compared to the artistic, such as
American Sheet & Tine Plate Co. 7 results from the use of genuine L e o n a r d - R o o k e Company l|
American Steel & W i r e Co 65 hand-made plastic units, or Faience. Libbey-Owens G l a s s Company . l |
American T a r Products Co 2 F l i n t c r a f t permits of securing the L o n g - B e l l L u m b e r Co
American Telephone & Tele- same depth and beauty of color as Loomis-Manning F i l t e r D i s t r i b -
graph Co 25 F a i e n c e but at a considerable s a v i n g uting Co
American Window C l a s s Co., 26. 27 in cost, and is equally suitable for
wall or floor. T h e y are available in L o r d & B u r n h a m Company, The 1|
Andersen F r a m e Corp 83 a palette of pleasing: colors and L o r d & B u r n h a m Co. ( S a s h
Angel, H . Reeve, & Co.. I n c 122 standard shapes. Operating D l v . )
A n k y r a Manufacturing Co 104 Louisville Cement Company .
A r k a n s a s Oak F l o o r i n g Co. . . . 35 Ludowici-Celadon Company
A r m s t r o n g Cork Co. (Linoleum
Division) 43 T h e Milwaukee C o r r u g a t i n g Co.. Mac A r t h u r Concrete Pile Corp.
A r m s t r o n g Cork & Insulation Milwaukee, Wis., has established a Mahon, R . C., Co.. The
Co. (Roof Insulation) 3 New York district office in the May Oil B u r n e r Corp
A t l a n t i c T e r r a Cotta Co., T h e . . 1 P e r s h i n g Square Building. 100 E a s t Mesker Bros. Iron Co
4 2nd St., New Y o r k , N. Y . Mills Company, The
Hakellte Corporation 131 Milwaukee C o r r u g a t i n g Co. . . .
Bates Expanded Steel T r u s s Co. 103 Minwax Co
Bayley, Wm.. Co., The 128 Mississippi W i r e G l a s s Co
Beaux Arts Institute of Design 122 Sidney F . Heckert. President of Missouri Portland Cement Co. .
Best Brothers Keene's Cement the National F i r e Proofing Com- Modern Bronze Store F r o n t Co.
Company, T h e 34 pany, Pittsburgh, Pa., has j u s t been Modine Mfg. Co
B l a b o n - S a n d u r a Co., Inc OT elected President of the E a s t e r n Mueller Mosaic Co
Bommer S p r i n g Hinge Co 37 Hollow Building Tile Manufacturers Muralo Co
Boyle. John. & Co.. I n c B6 Association. T h i s association has its Murphy V a r n i s h Company . . . .
B r a m h a l l - D e a n e Co 123 headquarters at 420 E a s t 23rd Street.
B r a u n , J . G., Co., I n c CSM New Y o r k City, and is composed of Nailcrete Corp., The
Brooklyn E n g i n e e r i n g Institute 122 the leading- manufacturers of struc- Nashville Hdw. Flooring Co.
Bruce, E . L . , Co 33 tural clay products on the E a s t e r n National Bldg. Granite Quarries
Burnham Boiler Corp 419 Seaboard; Mr. Heckert, at this Association
time, is also serving as President of
the .Structural Clay T i l e Association National F i r e Proofing Co II
Cabot, Samuel, &, Co., I n c 94 National T e r r a Cotta S o c i e t y . . l|
Carnegie Steel Company 110 of Chicago, the national organiza-
tion in that industry, with which National Tube Company
Carter Bloxonenrl F l o o r i n g Co. !"7 body, however, the eastern m a n u - New York Beltiny & Packing
Casement H a r d w a r e Co., The . . '.'I facturers are not affiliated. Co
C'elllzed o a k Flooring. In.- 33 Northwestern T e r r a Cotta Com-
Cheney Co., T h e 15 pany. T h e
Clow & Sons, James B 0
Congoleum-Nairn, Inc 32 At the annual meeting of the Mac Oak F l o o r i n g Manufacturers A s -
Corcoran Mfg. Co.. The 29 A r t h u r Concrete P i l e Corporation, sociation of the United States
Cowing Pressure Relieving Joint New Y o r k , N. Y . , the f o l l o w i n g Old V i r g i n i a B r i c k Co
Co 47 officers and directors were elected:—
C r l t t a l l Casement Window Co. Otis E l e v a t o r Co
Morgan W. Jopling. President: R. E .
50, 51 Sperry, Vice President; R. E . T a l - Pecora Paint Company
Cutler Mail Chute Company . . 148 madge. Secretary and General Man- Peelle Company
ager: Board of Directors: W m . M. I'enn H a r d w a r e Co
Dahlstrom Metallic Door Co. . . 23 < liadbourne, C h a i r m a n ; Morgan W.
De Dong F u r n i t u r e Company . . 53 Jopling, Donald R. Hyde. R o g e r B. R a i l Steel B a r Assn
De Paoli Del T u r c o Foscato E m m o n s and R . E . Talmadge. Raymond Concrete Pile Co. . .
Corp 71 R e a d i n g I r o n Co
Dietzgen. Eugene. Co 188 R i c h a r d s - W i l c o x Mfg. Co., 3rd Col
Dixon Crucible Company, Joseph si R i s i n g & Nelson Slate Company
Dunham Company, <*. A 117 The Ambler Asbestos Shingle &
Sheathing Co.. Ambler, Pa., a n - Rixson Company. The osear C.
Duplex Hanger Co., The 123 Roddls Lumber \- Veneer Co.
Du Pont, E . I . , de Nemours & nounces the introduction of a new
Co.. I n c 109 shingle known as the No. 90 Colonial
Tapered to be produced in five St. L o u i s F i r e Door Co
D u r i r o n Co., T h e 12" Samson Cordage Works
Dolors. It measures % in. thick at
the butt tapering to \* in. at Ore Sargent, J . D., Granite Co. . .
E b i n g e r , D. A., Sanitary Mfg. top, IS in. long and is furnished in Sedgwick Machine Works . . .
Co 104 random widths of 6 in.. 9 in.. 12 in. Shevlin, Carpenter .V Clarke Co.
E n e r g y E l e v a t o r Company . . . . 37 and 18 in. The standard size will Sloane. W. & J
be 9 in. x I S in. T h e butts are left S m y s e r - R o y e r Company
F a b e r , A. W 142 uneven instead of being trimmed off Soniieborn, L . . Sons. Inc
Faber. E b e r h a r d 139 squarely, in order to produce i r r e g u - Soss Mfg. Company
Federal Cement T i l e C o m p a n y li lar roof lines. Southern Pine A s s n
F e d e r a l Seaboard T e r r a Cotta Standard Store F r o n t Construc-
Corp 11 tion Co
F l s k e , J . W., Iron Works 24 Staedtler, J . S.. I n c
F l o o r Accessories, Inc 28 Announcement Is made by the Na- Stevenson Cold Storage Door Co.
F r i n k Corp.. T h e 137 tional F i r e Proofing Co.. Pittsburgh. Stewart Iron W o r k s
F u l t o n Sylphon Company. The 12 Pa., that Its stockholders, In a spe- S t r u c t u r a l Gypsum Corporation
cial meeting, approved the plan pro- Structural Slate Co
Georgia Marble Co 52 posed by the stockholders' commit- Sturtevant, B. F . , Co
General Bronze Corp 72 tee for the re-organlzation of the
Gillespie Brothers, Inc 14 0 company's corporate structure, there T a y l o r Co., The Halsey W. . .
G i l l l s & Genghegan, Inc 45 having been deposited with the T r a n e Co
Gleason-Tiebout G l a s s Co 61 Commonwealth T r u s t Company
stock in excess of 75 per cent of the Truscon Steel Co
Guastavino, EC, Co 106 T y l e r Company 4th Co|
company's outstanding s t o c k in
Hamlin, Irving 95 favor of the change. The new com-
H a r d w i c k & Majree Co 14 pany will lie known as the National United Metal Products Co.. T h e
H a r t & Hutchinson Co.. The . . 56 F i r e Proofing Corporation. A l l of United States Gypsum Co . . . .
Hartmann-Sanders Co 100 the assets, liabilities and business of
Hlggins & Sons, Chas. M 122 the National F i r e Proofing Company Vonnegut H a r d w a r e Companv
will be sold to the new corporation Vortex Mfg. Co
Horn, A. C . Co 143
when it becomes effective J a n u a r y
Illinois E n g i n e e r i n g Co 64 1st. S. F . Heckert. President of the Weber, F . , Co
Indiana Limestone Co. . . 2nd Cover National F i r e Proofing Company Westinghouse E l e c t r i c E l e v a t o r
International Casement Co 90 reports that business booked for Co
1930 is in excess of the corresponding Westinghouse E l e c . * Mfg. Co.
International Nickel Co., The, period of 1929. Sufficient orders are Wheeler, Osgood Co., The . . .
Inc 23 on hand to keep plants manufactur- Wheeling C o r r u g a t i n g Company
International Store F r o n t Co. . . 153 ing glazed ware, T e x - T i l e and Wilson Corporation, J . G
Vitritile products in operation for
Jacobson & Co 59 over six months. In addition to its Yale & Towne Mfg. Co., T h e ..
Jacobson Mantel & Casement Co. 28 present large list of products, the
Jamison Cold Storage Door Co. . 55 company contemplates the m a r k e t - Zouri Company of C a l i f o r n i a . .
J e n k i n s Bros 140 ing of four additional specialties Zourl D r a w n Metals Company . .
Johns-Manville Corp 118. 119 within the coming year. Zourl D r a w n Metals Co. of New
Josam Mfg. Co 31 York, I n c
•Jim mom/-
«BY»
•ZOUEI-
IN
ROLLED B R O N Z E
ROLLED COPPER
EXTRUDED B R O N Z E
C H R O M I U M PLATE
Electrolytic Finishes
Bronze Doors and Windows
Licensed Chromium Equipment
AND A S S O C I A T E D C O M P A N I E S :
INTERNATIONAL STORE FRONT COMPANY

STANDARD S T O R E F R O N T C O N S T R U C T I O N C O .
INTERNATIONAL MODERN BRONZE STORE FRONT CO. DISTRIBUTION
Z O U R I C O M P A N Y O F C A L I F O R N I A
Z O U R I DRAWN M E T A L S C O . , O F N E W Y O R K , I N C .
Factory and General Offices: Chicago Heights, Illinois

WRITE FOR
CATALOG
walls that retain their ^ *

(OricfLnaL ^fieauty
The general use of Milcor metal building products in is a definite advance in the design of expanded met
fine homes . . clubs and other buildings of architectural plaster bases. Reinforced, as it is, with longitudinal ri
merit has been an inevitable development. In no other of exclusive Milcor design, it is unusually strong,
way can the original beauty of walls and ceilings be special reannealing process contributes towards perm
permanendy preserved . . . . Stay-Rib Metal Lath . . nence. It has a mesh design that firmly imbeds tl
Milcor's outstanding contribution to better building . . plaster with slight pressure and provides an entire!
adequate key without waste.
Milcor Expansion Corner Bead is simiLl

ly an outstanding development. Its pj
ented wings of expanded metal grip t
plaster tighdy, right up to the head ai
distribute shocks and blows over the
tire wing. In this way Milcor Expansi
n — -
=r-"-~"
Corner Bead permanently preserves a
11 1 protects the sharp, true corners and gt

fill, accurate curves which it creates. Wh
used over Stay-Rib Metal Lath, the p
ter keys through the wing of the be
11 and the mesh of the lath giving ac
tional strength at these vulnerable poirH
MILWAUKEE CORRUGATING C
1403 Burnham Street Milwaukee, Wisco
i
DINING ROOM
MILWAUKEE COUNTRT CLUB.
Architects:
FITIIIUOII SCOTT. Milwaukee,
ROGER H . BULLARD.
111
New York City.
Save with Steol

11 (A)
Complete information covering the use of Milcor Expansion _
Bead is also distingu
MILCOR metal building products is con- by its expanded
wings. This feature
Milcor patent —pern
Ingot Iron tained in the "MILCOR MANUAL". perfect grip on the f.
and prevents chippiij
You should have a copy handy in your files. due to unavoidable
Scut
MlLCOK PRODUCTS
Branches: Chicago, 111., Kansas City, Mo., La Crosse, Wis. Milcor Stav-Rib Metal Lath is reinforced by
Sales Offices: Boston, Mass., Detroit, Mich., Atlanta, Ga., Little Rock., Ark., longitudinal ribs of unusual strength. It has
Minneapolis, Minn., New York, N. Y., Los Angeles, Calif. the rigidity and mesh design of an ideal
plaster base, providing maximum protection,
Eastern Plant: T H E E L L E R M A N U F A C T U R I N G C O . , Canton, Ohio against plaster cracks.
Save space...
and improve classroom ventilation
with R-W School Wardrobes
k'ou can save floor space and considerably reduce assured by special designing. Compound Key
he cost of heating school buildings with R-W Dis- Veneered flush or panel doors are guaranteed
ppearing Door Wardrobes. Eliminate ordinary against warpim;. swelling, and rough usage.
•I oak rooms altogether . . . wraps are kept in the Richards-Wilcox assumes full responsibility for
•lassroom, free from the possibility of* pilfering, complete wardrobe installations with disappear-
cnlilalion is greatly unproved by air currents ing doom in any wood finish, with or without con-
hich pass under and through R-W wardrobes* tinuous blackboards, as illustrated and described
arrving odors, dampness, and germs from cloth- in Catalog No. A-53.
ng out through ventilating grills.
Send today for your free copy of this new catalog
nothcr dist in mushing feature of R-W equipment profusely illustrated in colors and containing floor
s the continued easy, quiet, trouble-free operation plans of many types of R-W wardrobe installations.
N .wvork . . . . AURORA, I L L I N O I S , U.S.A o,ica*>

IIIIMIIII Philadelphia Cleveland Cincinnati Indlannimll. St. l.miis New O r l e a n s De« Maine*
Minneapolis Kansas City Allunia U » Anuelea San Francisco Omaha Seallle Uelroll
Montreal • lUCIIARD.S-U ILCOX CANADIAN CO.. LTD., LONDON. ONT. • Winnipeg
Printing of Pencil Points by The Cillespie Bro».. Inc., Stamford. Conn., U. S. A.


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JANUARY 1930

THE DRAFTING ROOM

THIS ISSUE PRINTED

Outstanding W o r k of Holabird & Root

Chicago Daily Neu's Building

Palmolive Building, Chicago

Saks Fifth Avenue, Chicago

333 N.Michigan Ave. Bldg., Chicago

Rand Building, Minneapolis

T H E fine office buildings faced w i t h

Atlantic Terra Cotta is susceptible to such vari-

For example, the base course might be black, the exterior

The roof could be made of large handmade tiles in any

The lobbies, halls, public rooms could have Terra Cotta

Atlantic T e r r a Cotla is unique in the fact that instead of

Atlantic T e r r a Cotta will follow the Architect's design to

Atlantic Terra Cotta Company

Atlanta Terra Cotta Company

TKe Old Oaken Bucket

Modern buildings need modern cooling systems

Armstrong's Cork Covering

The New Chicago Civic

Like so many other outstandingly fine buildings, the new

Vonnegut Hardware Co.

RAYMOND C O N C R E T E PILE COMPANY

FEDERAL CEMENT TILE COMPANY

American Sheet and Tin Plate Company

A M E R I C A N B A R - L O C K C O . , I N C . , 3730-30th Street, Long Island City, N. Y.

J A M E S B. C L O W & SONS, 201-299 N . T A L M A N A V E . , C H I C A G O

This roof presents those striking irregu-

WEST PAW LET, V E R M O N T

CHICAGO DETROIT i PHILADELPHIA BOSTON

Federal Seaboard Terra Cotta makes

O N E of the four towers of

the Beresford Apartment House,

81st Street and Central Park West.

F A C T O R I I S : P E R T H A MB O Y, N. J. WOODBRIDGE, N. J. • SOUTH AMBOl, N.

We are proud as we look back We are not efficiency experts,

Write for Bulletins P 125 and P J 7 5

fuiTON S y l p h o n (bK N O X V I L L E , TENNESSEE, U . S. A.

Knropean Representative*. Representatives in ull I'riiicipul C i l i l . S. \. Canadian Representatives,

STAN DARD CAS E M E NTS M O D E L

Write for catalog and full information

Hardwick & Magee Carpets

R C H I T E C T S in the gigantic building program for nineteen'

H A R D W I C K & MAGEE COMPANY

this u£ly defacement

The Cheney Company

THE CHENEY COMPANY P.P.J.

Without ohli«alio»i please send complete iti/oi -

MURPHY VARNISH COMPANY

NEWARK CHICAGO SAN F R A N C I S C O

A pine-walled hall lends enduring charm to

NEW Y O R K LIFE EQUITABLE TRUST

A FEW O F A M E R I C A ' S REPRESENTATIVE

T H E Y A L E & T O W N E MFG. CO.

Canadian Branch at St. Catharines, Ont.

YALE MARKED IS Y A L E MADE

The main portion of this strikhtt,