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    Lesson 10 English 3

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    carlos reyna
    This document provides information about reported or indirect speech. It explains that reported speech is when one person tells another what someone else said by changing the tense and pronouns. It provides examples of direct speech and how to change it to reported speech based on tense, pronouns, time and place adverbs, and modal verbs. Guidelines are given for choosing reporting verbs and for transforming questions, statements, and requests to reported speech.

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    Lesson 10 English 3

    Uploaded by

    carlos reyna
    14 views7 pages
    This document provides information about reported or indirect speech. It explains that reported speech is when one person tells another what someone else said by changing the tense and pronouns. It provides examples of direct speech and how to change it to reported speech based on tense, pronouns, time and place adverbs, and modal verbs. Guidelines are given for choosing reporting verbs and for transforming questions, statements, and requests to reported speech.

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    This document provides information about reported or indirect speech. It explains that reported speech is when one person tells another what someone else said by changing the tense and pronouns. It provides examples of direct speech and how to change it to reported speech based on tense, pronouns, time and place adverbs, and modal verbs. Guidelines are given for choosing reporting verbs and for transforming questions, statements, and requests to reported speech.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    14 views7 pages

    Lesson 10 English 3

    Uploaded by

    carlos reyna
    This document provides information about reported or indirect speech. It explains that reported speech is when one person tells another what someone else said by changing the tense and pronouns. It provides examples of direct speech and how to change it to reported speech based on tense, pronouns, time and place adverbs, and modal verbs. Guidelines are given for choosing reporting verbs and for transforming questions, statements, and requests to reported speech.

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    English III

    Licenciatura
    INDEX

    1. Present Perfect
    2. Past Perfect
    3. Second Conditional
    4. Third Conditional
    5. Subject - Object Questions
    and Tag Questions
    6. Relative Clauses
    7. Present Perfect Continuous
    and Past Perfect Continuous
    8. Narrative Tenses
    9. Passive Voice
    10.Reported Speech
    ENGLISH 3 WEEK 11 LESSON 10

    REPORTED SPEECH

    REPORTED SPEECH (INDIRECT SPEECH)

    Reported speech is when we tell someone what another person said. To do this, we
    can use indirect speech. We usually use a reporting verb (e.g. say, tell, ask, etc.) and
    then change the tense of what was actually said in direct speech.

    So, what is indirect speech? Well, when someone is talking that person is doing direct
    speech, the words and ideas come from the person that creates them. Now when
    someone else is saying what other person said, that is indirect speech or on this case
    reported speech. Let’s see an example, I'm going to express an idea and then some-
    one else is going to repeat what I said:

    Direct speech:

    I: We agreed to meet tomorrow.

    Reported speech:

    “He just said that we had agreed to meet the next day.”

    Direct speech:

    I work in a bank

    Reported speech:

    “Daniel said that He worked in a bank.”

    Obviously, if you report what somebody else has said, you don’t normally use the
    speaker’s exact words (direct speech), but reported (indirect) speech. Therefore, you
    need to learn how to transform direct speech into reported speech. The structure is a
    little di erent depending on whether you want to transform a statement, question or
    request.
    ff
    In indirect speech, we often use a tense which is 'further back' in the past
    (e.g. worked) than the tense originally used (e.g. work). This is called 'backshift'. We
    also may need to change other words that were used, for example pronouns.

    So, what to take into account and what to change when reporting speech?

    Tense

    • Present simple changes to past simple.


    • Present continuous changes to past continuous.
    • Present perfect changes to past perfect.
    • Past perfect doesn't change.

    Note: If what the speaker has said is still true or relevant, it's not
    always necessary to change the tense. This might happen when
    the speaker has used a present tense.

    • DS: I’m working in Italy for the next six months.'


    • RS: He told me he's working in Italy for the next six months.

    Pronouns

    To change the pronouns we need to know the context, if we’re are the person
    who spoke or one of the persons who spoke, then the pronouns don’t change.

    • DS: ’I enjoy working in my garden,' said Bob.


    • RS: Bob said that he enjoyed working in his garden.
    • DS: ’We played tennis for our school,' said Alina.
    • RS: Alina told me they'd played tennis for their school.
    • DS: I’m working on my thesis,' I said. (I’m included)
    • RS: I told her that I was working on my thesis.
    • DS: ’We want our jobs back!' we said. (We are included)
    • RS: We said that we wanted our jobs back.

    Demonstratives and adverbs of time and place if they are no


    longer accurate.

    • This is my house.'
    • He said this was his house. [You are currently in front of the
    house.]
    • He said that was his house. [You are not currently in front of
    the house.]

    • 'We like it here.'


    • She told me they like it here. [You are currently in the place
    they like.]
    • She told me they like it there. [You are not in the place they
    like.]

    • 'I'm planning to do it today.'


    • She told me she's planning to do it today. [It is currently still
    the same day.]
    • She told me she was planning to do it that day. [It is not the
    same day any more.]

    In the same way

    these changes to those


    now changes to then
    yesterday changes to the day before
    tomorrow changes to the next/following day
    ago changes to before.

    1. Choose an appropriate reporting or introductory verb depending on the type of


    discourse.

    The most basic reporting/introductory verbs are: say, tell, reply and ask. However,
    there are many more options; there are a lot of other verbs you can use to describe or
    summaries what people say without repeating the same thing over and over again.
    These verbs give us the meaning of the original words without actually using them all.

    2. The following modal verbs do not change in reported speech: could, would,
    should, might, ought to and used to.
    Let’s see another example to know how this works:

    Context: Conversation between 3 friends over the phone, Jake and Kate are in the
    same place, Andrew is on vacations over the sea.

    - Kate — Why don’t we call, Andrew?


    - Jake — Yeah! Let’s see what his doing over there.
    - Kate — My phone is over there, just take it and call him, it’s unlocked.

    Phone rings

    - Andrew — Hello?
    - Jake — Hey Andrew!
    - Andrew — Hey, Jake! Where’s Kate? it’s her phone isn’t it?
    - Jake — Oh, yeah, she’s on the other room. We’re just calling to see how’s it go-
    ing?
    - Andrew — It’s been great over here, you should come some day.
    - Kate — I miss you, Andrew! (yelling form the other room)
    - Andrew — What was that?! (confused)
    - Jake — Oh, just Andrew yelling. She says she misses you.
    - Andrew — Ow! thanks.
    - Kate — Ask him, ask him!
    - Jake — Oh, ok, ok. Andrew I was just calling to see when are you going to
    come back?
    - Andrew — Look at that! I arrive tomorrow, actually. At noon. Why?
    - Jake — Perfect, we’re gonna pick you at the airport so we can talk and go eat
    something, what do you think?
    - Andrew — That’s ne for me, a great idea!
    - Kate — What does he say? what doe he say?
    - Jake — He tells that it’s a great idea.
    - Kate — Awesome!
    - Jake — Well, we see you tomorrow, ok?!
    - Andrew — Yes, It’s done! See ya!
    - Kate — Bye, I can’t wait! (takes over the phone)
    - Andrew — Catch you later, good to talk to you.
    fi

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