PRE-BOARD- I EXAMINATIONS

CLASS- XII (2023-2024)

General Instructions:
1. The Question Paper consists of 4 sections- A,B,C and D.
2. Section – A consists of 20 questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. Section – B consists of 8 questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. Section – C consists of 8 questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. Section – D consists of 4 questions carrying 5 marks each.
6. Use of unfair means during exams is strictly prohibited. A candidate found guilty
of using unfair means will be disqualified and debarred from appearing for any of
the examination for a year.

Section – A
Q.1 Ajay completed his LLB degree and wants to get himself enrolled for practice in various
District Courts in India. An application for his enrolment will be made to:
(a) Bar Council of India (b) State Bar Council (c) High Court (d) District Court
Q.2 Anand enters into a contract with Raman to supply 5 bags of cement for Rs. 2000/-. He
delivers 5 bags of cement on the decided date, and receives Rs. 2000/- from Raman as
consideration, leading to discharge of the contract. What was the mode of discharge of contract
in the above situation?
(a) Discharge by Breach of Contract (b) Discharge by Performance
(c) Discharge by Operation of law (d) Discharge by Lapse of time
Q.3 Read the given situations and decide which of the following is eligible to receive free legal
aid.
(a) Raghu in a property dispute with his brother.
(b) Pankaj working as accounts officer in Government sector undertaking having service related
issues.
(c) Mr.Seth, a senior citizen fighting for his pension.
(d) Mrs.Verma, branch manager of a bank accused of money laundering.
Q.4 Ragini gives a gold necklace to her sister Priya. Priya accepts the necklace but does not
pay anything in return for the necklace. The relationship between Ragini and Priya is of-
(a) Lessor and Lessee (b) Buyer and Seller
(c) Donor and Donee (d) Lessor and Sub Lessee
Q.5 An advocate sought permission for advertising from
(a) State Bar Council where he is registered.
(b) Bar Council of India.
(c) Bar Association of the court he practices.
(d) High court of the state where he practices.
Q.6 Rashi wants to pursue a 5 year integrated BA LLB programme from National Law School
University Delhi. Which entrance exam will she have to take?
(a) MAT (b) CLAT (c) LSAT (d) AILET
Q.7 The Advocates-on-record practice in
(a) High Court
(b) Supreme Court
(c) Both High Courts and Supreme Court
(d) Any Court in India
Q.8 A acquires a pistol to kill his arch business rival B. A keeps the pistol loaded in his pocket
but does nothing more than that to kill B.
(a) A is guilty of a criminal act as he kept the gun loaded in pocket.
(b) A is guilty of a criminal act as there he acquired the pistol.
(c) A is not guilty as he has made no attempt to kill B.
(d) A is guilty because he had the intention to kill B.
Q.9 This form of discharge of Contract takes place when one of the parties fails or refuses to
perform their part of the promise. In this event, the party that suffers due to the other party’s non
performance of promise becomes entitled to monetary compensation.
What is the name given to the monetary compensation for the loss suffered by the injured party
in this form of discharge?
(a) Remuneration
(b) Damages
(c) Discharges
(d) Consideration
Q.10 Which of the following provisions of the Constitution was carved during its formation,
because India was transitioning from a feudal to democratic order:
(a) Fundamental Rights (b) Fundamental Duties
(c) Independence of Judiciary (d) Federalism
Q.11 Which of the following is not a part of Article 21?
(a) Right to life
(b) Right to food
(c) Right to livelihood
(d) Right to constitutional remedies
Q.12 The Arbitration and Conciliation laws in India have been largely influenced by significant
movements of judicial reforms and conflict management across the world. The Indian Arbitration
and Conciliation Act, 1996 is modelled on which laws?
(a) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
(b) United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Model law on International
Commercial Arbitration
(c) United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Model law on Arbitration
(d) Vienna Convention
Q.13 Separation of Powers cannot be strictly applied to _______________ form of Government.
(a) Parliamentary (b) Presidential (c) Monarchy (d) Democratic
Q.14 As per Section 3 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, immovable property includes
(a) Standing Timber (b) Grass
(c) Land (d) Growing crops
Q.15 Jatin, a resident of Sompur was visiting the neighbouring city of Malikgarh, where he was
prevented from entering a public park by the local authority as he did not belong to Malikgarh.
Which fundamental right of Jatin has been violated?
(a) Article 14 (b) Article 15 (c) Article 17 (d) Article 32
Q.16- Q.20
Read the excerpt from the decided case of Lalman Shukla v. Gauri Dutt and answer the
questions that follow:
Section 4 of the Indian Contract states that the communication of a proposal is complete when it
comes to the knowledge of the person to whom it is made. In Lalman case the defendant’s
nephew absconded from home. The plaintiff who was defendant’s servant was sent to search
for the missing boy. After the plaintiff had left in search of the boy, the defendant issued
handbills announcing a reward of ₹501 to anyone who might find out the boy. The plaintiff who
was unaware of this reward, was successful in searching the boy. When he came to know of the
reward, it was held that since the plaintiff was ignorant of the offer of reward, his act of bringing
the lost boy did not amount to the acceptance of the offer and therefore he was not entitled to
claim the reward.
Q16. Identify the nature of the offer made in the case given above.
(a) Legal offer (b) Specific offer
(c) General offer (d) It was not an offer for Lalman
Q.17. What is the first step in the formation of a contract?
(a) Acceptance
(b) Intention
(c) Offer
(d) Consideration
Q.18. When is the communication of offer complete?
(a) when it is accepted
(b) when it has a consideration
(c) when it comes to the knowledge of the person to whom it is made.
(d) when the person to whom it is made has capacity to enter into a valid contract.
Q19. What happens when an offer is accepted?
(a) Contract
(b) Agreement
(c) Legal relationship
(d) Proposal
Q20. How is this judgment contradictory to the Carlill vs. Carbolic Smokeball Company case?
(a) No intention to enter into legal relationship.
(b) The need for acceptance of the offer was emphasised.
(c) Knowledge of the offer is important.
(d) There was intention to enter into legal relationship.

Section – B
Q.21 Neha and Rani are good friends and have also completed a degree in law. As fresh
graduates, Neha is keen to contribute in policy making and Rani wants to specialise in
commercial and economic laws. Mention the fields that they can specialise in.
Q.22 Is legal aid in criminal trial a privilege or a duty of the magistrate? Analyse, giving the
related legal provisions and decided case law.
OR
Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India provided clarity on what procedure established by law
meant under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution. Explain the observation of the court in context
with adversarial system of justice dispensation in India.

Q.23 Raman and Mohit entered into a contract where Raman promises to supply 20 bags of
sugar to Mohit, a sweet shop proprietor, on 5th September 2021. The sugar was to be supplied
by 15th September 2021. The mode of transport to their places is roadways only. A landslide
happened on 7th September 2021 and the connecting road was completely damaged and could
not be repaired within 15 days. Raman offered to supply the sugar by 25th September 2021.
Mohit refused to accept the sugar. Raman filed a claim for Rs 10,000 on Mohit for refusal of the
order.
(a) Identify the mode of discharge of this contract?
(b) What remedy is available to Raman?
Q.24 How has the Judiciary limited the power conferred on the Parliament by Article 368 of the
Indian Constitution?
Q.25 The constant tussle between the executive and judiciary over the appointment of judges
led to the development of a new system for appointment of judges.
(i) Identify the system
(ii) Why does this system invoke scepticism?
Q.26 A local factory owner has employed a 13 year old boy, Bholu, in place of his father, who
has fallen ill and wants Bholu to work to support the family’s income. Bholu had to drop out from
school. Explain which, if any, fundamental rights are being violated here.
Q.27 Veer has a big farmhouse. He has tied up with Narula tent house for hosting grand
marriage and other functions. They give the rights to use the property to interested parties to
hold their functions and parties. Identify the type of transfer. State any two features of such
transfer.
Q.28 A client has come to you alleging that his competing confectioner has stolen his jalebi
recipe. As a legal advisor, advice whether the secret recipe of the jalebi can be classified as a
trade secret?

Section – C
Q.29 Vaibhav, without taking permission from his friend Raj, took his golf kit. While playing golf,
he damaged the golf kit in such a way that it became useless.
(a) Identify and explain the tort.
(b) What is the remedy in such cases?
Q.30 ‘The position in the USA is different from that in India where lawyers have a right to
advertise but subject to reasonable restrictions’.
State the various provisions related to advertising in the USA.
Q.31 Mr. Mahaveer is physically and mentally harassed by his son and daughter in law and
wishes to file a case against them under the Indian Penal Code. He is a senior citizen and runs
a small tea stall for his survival. He approaches Delhi District Legal Services Authority for help.
(a) What kind of help can we provided by the Delhi District Legal Services Authority?
(b) Will Delhi District Legal Services Authority be able to help Mr Mahavir? Give reason for your
answer.
Q.32 In the famous 1987 case of M.C.Mehta v. Sri Ram foods and fertilizers industries, Justice
P.N. Bhagwati, developed a new principle evolving from the concept of strict liability.
(i) Identify the new principle.
(ii) Against whom is the principle applicable?
(iii) Under what conditions can this principle be applied?
Q.33 The concept of Independence and Impartiality of Indian Judiciary must be studied in
conjunction as they aim at achieving the same goal of maintaining judicial integrity in the
democratic process of the country. Comment
Q.34 ‘In 1946, the General Assembly of the United Nations, enacted the statute of the ICJ which
gave rise to the institution to render justice at The Hague, Netherlands.’
(a) Identify the institutions and who are its members.
(b) What is its role?
(c) Explain its jurisdiction of the institution.
Q.35 Mr. A is an ambassador from Gosgoland who enters into an agreement with Mr. B in Delhi
for the supply of 500 meters of silk cloth. The consignment is to be delivered by the first week of
December. Mr. B fails to deliver the consignment. Mr. A initiates proceedings in Delhi for breach
of contract against Mr. B. Decide if Mr. A will succeed. Elaborate on the reasons for the
decision.
OR
The company brings out an orange cola in the market that is packaged in a bottle identical to
the Cip-Kola bottle.
(a) Which firm of Intellectual Property would protect Cip-Kola’s interests?
(b) What is the law governing the said protection in India?
(c) What are the characteristics of this type of Intellectual Property?
Q.36 With respect to India, answer the following questions:
(a) Identify the anti-corruption Ombudsman in India and in the Indian States.
(b) State the composition and function of the anti-corruption Ombudsman in India.
(c) Identify the banking and insurance Ombudsman in India and state its role.

Section – D
Q.37 This article provides human rights framework to the criminal justice system. Identifying this
article, explain its provisions.
Q.38 Haircare Pvt. Ltd. advertised that usage of its shampoo “Tresses” leads to long and shiny
hair. It claimed that it would give a reward of Rs.2000 who would face hairfall after using the
shampoo. Riya after using the shampoo, suffered from a severe hairfall. She claimed the reward
of Rs.2000. The company refused the reward stating that the offer was not made to her. Decide
whether Ms. Riya can claim the reward or not. Also refer the relevant case law.
Q.39 Ajit was suspected of being involved in child abduction and merely on this suspicion was
assaulted by the inhabitants of his village. A detailed report came in the newspaper highlighting
the inaction of State agencies in protecting Ajit and his basic non-derogable rights. Name the
specialised body which can take action against the State agency. Give its functions and powers.
Q.40 ‘Each country has their own method of dealing with the application of the International law
to its jurisdiction.’ Can International law be directly applied in domestic jurisdiction? Explain,
giving the current position in India as developed by Constitutional provisions and case law.

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