1.

distress signal colreg anex 1-4 ( how can you show you are in distress)

Annex I - Positioning and technical details of lights and shapes. Annex II - Additional signals for fishing vessels fishing in close
proximity. Annex III - Technical details of sounds signal appliances. Annex IV - Distress signals, which lists the signals
indicating distress and need of assistance.
a signal sent by radiotelephony consisting of the spoken word “Mayday”; (f) the International Code Signal of distress indicated
by N.C.; (g) a signal consisting of a square flag having above or below it a ball anything resembling a ball; (h) flames on the
vessel (as from a burning tar barrel, oil barrel, etc.);
5. mob procedure what is your action
The person who sees the accident must raise the alarm by shouting “Man overboard!” loud and clear enough to alert the rest
of the crew. They should remain in place in order to maintain continuous visual contact with the victim. If the victim is close
enough, flotation equipment should be thrown in their direction.
6.initial courses
The International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), requires that
seafarers be provided with familiarization training and basic safety training which includes basic fire fighting, elementary first
aid, personal survival techniques, and personal safety and social
7.what is the sart\
A Search and Rescue Transponder (SART) is an electronic device that automatically reacts to the emission of a radar. This
enhances the visibilty on a radar screen. SART transponders are used to ease the search of a ship in distress or a liferaft. Miles 8
nm only in x band
8.how sart appear on radar screen
A SART has a receiver that detects the signals from X-band radars (9.2 - 9.5 GHz). If the SART
detects a signal it immediately transmits twelve pulses on the same frequency. This signal is seen by the
radar as "echoes" and will be displayed on the screen as a serie of twelve dots with a gap of 0.6 miles
between them.
9 GHz X-band
A radar based SART is designed to be used in identifying either the position of survival craft or vessels in distress. The radar
SART operates on the 9 GHz X-band spectrum (3 cm wavelength) which is commonly used in the maritime environment.
9.what is LRIT
The Long-Range Identification and Tracking (LRIT) system provides for the global identification and tracking of ships to
enhance security of shipping and for the purposes of safety and marine environment protection.
The Long-Range Identification and Tracking (LRIT) system provides for the global
identification and tracking of ships to enhance security of shipping and for the purposes of safety
and marine environment protection.

The obligations of ships to transmit LRIT information and the rights and obligations of SOLAS
Contracting Governments and of Search and rescue services to receive LRIT information are
established in regulation V/19-1 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention.

The LRIT system consists of:

•the shipborne LRIT information transmitting equipment;

•the Communication Service Provider(s) (CPS);

•the Application Service Provider(s) (ASP);

 •the LRIT Data Centre(s) (DC), including any related Vessel Monitoring System(s) (VMS);

•the LRIT Data Distribution Plan (DDP); and

•the International LRIT Data Exchange (IDE).

Certain aspects of the performance of the LRIT system are reviewed or audited by the LRIT
Coordinator acting on behalf of all SOLAS Contracting Governments.

10.

11.SHIP SECURITY ALERT SYSTEM – SSAS

The Ship Security Alert System (SSAS) is part of the ISPS code and is a system that contributes to the International Maritime
Organization's (IMO)'s efforts to strengthen maritime security and suppress acts of terrorism and piracy against shipping. The
system is an IMO regulated system.
12.EGDIS SYMBOL

13.EGDIS SAFETY PARAMETERS

Delineating Security Settings in ECDIS
• Shallow water contour - 9 meters.
• Safe Depth - 14 meters.
• Safety loop -15 meters.
• The contour of the depths is 50 meters
This article will help to understand the best practice for handling safety settings on ECDIS which includes the Safety contour,
safety depth, shallow contour, and deep water contour.
14.How to calculate safety parameters in ECDIS?
ECDIS should provide the mariner with possibility to select only one ECDIS safety parameter – the
Own- Ship Safety Depth that is calculated by the mariner as Vessel draught + dynamic draught +
Safety margin.

15.WHY DO WE NEED DEEP CONTOUR

Depth contours in ECDIS are portrayed with a thin gray line. Each pair of adjacent depth contours is
used to create depth area features. These are used by ECDIS to tint different depth levels and to initiate
alarms when a ship is headed into unsafe water.
16.EGDIS ALERT
ECDIS provides a large number alarms and indications. An alarm in this context means an alarm or alarm system which
announces by audible means, or audible and visual means, a condition requiring attention. An indicator is a visual indication
giving information about the condition of a system or equipment.
What are the 5 alarms on ECDIS?
The five mandatory alarms (as per IMO ECDIS Performance standards) are: crossing safety
contour, deviation from route, positioning system failure, approach to critical point and
different geodetic datum.

17.PROCEDURE IN CASE OF ECDIS FAILURE

Actions to be taken in the case of an ECDIS Failure:In a timely manner to coincide with the expiry
of the UPS on the first system, restart the second. On restoration following a power failure or
uncontrolled shut down of the system, confirm that there are power supplies to each system.
18.NAVIGATIONAL EQUIPMENT
he navigation equipment of the vessel consists of a set of devices that determine the ship's position, speed, course, and also
ensure safety during navigation in shallow waters or when meeting other vessels. Some of them have been used by seafarers for a
long time, while others represent new technologies.
MAGNETIC COMPAS
GPS
GYRO COMPAS
ECH SOUNDER
AIS
LIGHT
VOYAGE DATA RECORDER
RADAR ANGLE INDICATOR
BINOCULAR
SEXTANT
19.IALA
ALA stands for the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities, and it was previously
referred to as International Association of Lighthouse Authorities. IALA is a non profit, international organisation, founded in
1957.
20. CARDINAL BUOYS
Cardinal marks indicate the direction of safety as a cardinal (compass) direction (north, east, south or west) relative to the
mark. This makes them meaningful regardless of the direction or position of the approaching vessel, in contrast to the (perhaps
better-known) lateral mark system.
A cardinal mark is a sea mark (a buoy or other floating or fixed structure) used in maritime pilotage to indicate the position of a
hazard and the direction of safe water.
Cardinal marks indicate the direction of safety as a cardinal (compass) direction (north, east, south or west) relative to the mark. This
makes them meaningful regardless of the direction or position of the approaching vessel, in contrast to the (perhaps better-
known) lateral mark system.
21.MARPOL ANEX 5
Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships
22.
23.COLREG RULE 3
COLREG 3: GENERAL DEFINITIONS1.5 Rule 3(a) The word 'vessel' includes every
description of water craft, including non-displacement craft and seaplanes, used, or capable of
being used as a means of transportation on the water. 1.6 Rule 3(b) The term 'power drive vessel'
means any vessel being propelled by machinery.
24.MAIN PURPOSE OF INERT GAS
Inert gas system: The system provides an inert gas (e.g., nitrogen) blanket in tanks in order to
displace oxygen and prevent the development of a flammable atmosphere, which could enable a fire or
explosion.
What is the use of inert gas in ships?
Inert gas system is the most important integrated system for oil tankers for safe operation of the
ship. Inert gas is the gas which contains insufficient oxygen (normally less then 8 %) to suppress
combustion of flammable hydrocarbon gases

What is the main purpose of inert gas?

An inert gas is a gas which does not change under a given set of conditions. Inert gases are often used
in welding, sealing, or marking applications in an effort to avoid unwanted chemical reactions
which may degrade a part.

25.IG PLANT
What is the IG system on a ship?

Inert gas system is the most important integrated system for oil tankers for safe operation of
the ship. Inert gas is the gas that contains insufficient oxygen (normally less than 8 %) to suppress
the combustion of flammable hydrocarbon gases
26.what is scrubber
Exhaust gas cleaning systems are a relatively simple technology designed to remove the polluting
sulphur oxides from a ship's engine exhaust. They're called scrubbers for short
What is the purpose of scrubber?

A scrubber is a cleaning installation whose main purpose is to neutralize harmful components in

industrial air or waste gas streams. The removal of gas particles causing many problems from the
gas stream during the process is necessary before disposing of the gases in the open air.

How does a scrubber work on ships?

On vessels outfitted with exhaust gas cleaning system – commonly referred to as scrubbers – the
engine exhaust gas is bypassed through chambers that contain a carefully generated “scrubbing
cloud” of water. SOx pollution present in the exhaust is removed when it reacts with the high
number of water droplets
27WHAT IS DECK SEAL
What is deck seal. Deck water seal or often called Deck seal, is found on Oil tanker vessels to
prevent the back flow of Hydrocarbon from the cargo tanks to Engine room. As you must be knowing
that inert Gas system is there on Tankers in order to reduce the Oxygen and Hydrocarbon level in the
Cargo tanks.
What is the purpose of a deck seal?
A non-return valve arranged to prevent the back-flow of flammable gases, from cargo tanks, into
an inert gas plant.

28.what is vecs
Vapour Emission Control System (VECS) An arrangement of piping and equipment used to control
vapour emissions collected in a tank. Includes the vapour collection system and vapour processing unit.
29.what is VOC MANAGEMENT PLAN
The VOC Management Plan is ship specific and provides written procedures for minimizing VOC
emissions during conditions of loading of cargo, sea passage, and discharge of cargo.
marine. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) are light components of crude oil, which evaporate
during loading operations or during the carriage of high-volatility crude oil cargoes. The cargo vapour
needs to be vented to the atmosphere to prevent pressures in the tank reaching dangerous levels.
What does VOC stand for?
Volatile organic compounds
Volatile
WHAT IS organic
SOPEPcompounds (VOCs) are emitted as gases from certain solids or liquids. VOCs
include a variety of chemicals, some of which may have short- and long-term adverse health effects.
Concentrations of many VOCs are consistently higher indoors (up to ten times higher) than outdoors.

30.WHAT IS SOPEP
Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP): Manta Preamble: This Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (hereafter
referred to as the “Plan”) is a written guide on the initial response to an oil spill on a NOAA small boat vessel.
31.what is international shore connection AND WHY DO WE NEED
The goal of the International Shore Connection is to keep a standby hose attachment to get a
connection from shore or from other ships for onboard firefighting, in case there is a total failure of
pumps onboard.
32.cancellation of false distress alerts OF MF
1.switch off equipment immediately**;

2.switch equipment on and tune for radiotelephony transmission on 2,182 kHz; and.

3.make broadcast to "All Stations" giving the ship's name, call sign and DSC number, and cancel the false distress alert.
33.WHAT IS SEEMP
The Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) is an operational mechanism to improve the
energy efficiency of a ship in a cost-effective manner
A Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) is a ship-specific plan to improve the energy efficiency of a ship. All ships
400 gross tonnage (GT) and above engaged in international voyages must develop and keep on board a SEEMP, as set out in the
guidelines adopted by the IMO.
34.FIRE PLAN
The Fire Control Plan is a mandatory requirement of SOLAS convention described in Regulation 15
of Chapter II. The fire control plan provides us information about fire station on each deck of the ship,
on various bulkheads, and in spaces enclosed by “A” class division, “B” class divisions.
34 SOLAS CHAPTERS
Chapter I - General Provisions
•Chapter II-1 - Construction - Subdivision and stability, machinery and electrical installations

•Chapter II-2 – Fire prevention, fire detection and fire extinction

•Chapter III - Lifesaving appliances and arrangements

•Chapter IV - Radio communications

•Chapter V – Safety of Navigation

•Chapter VI – Carriage of Cargoes

•Chapter VII – Carriage of dangerous goods

•Chapter VIII - Nuclear ships

•Chapter IX - Management for the Safe Operation of Ships

•Chapter X – Safety measures for high-speed craft

•Chapter XI-1 - Special measures to enhance maritime safety

•Chapter XI-2 - Special measures to enhance maritime security

•Chapter XII - Additional security measures for bulk carriers

•Chapter XIII – Verification of compliance

•Chapter XIV - Safety measures for ships operating in polar waters