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    4) Think Again

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    Lumea Agitator
    The document discusses insights from Adam Grant's book Think Again about how changing one's mind leads to greater success. It notes that superforecasters and top-scoring students rethink their answers more often. The highest-ranked US presidents revised policies more. However, people often get stuck in "overconfidence cycles" of preaching their views, prosecuting others', and politicking for support. This prevents rethinking. To think like a scientist, one should actively seek disconfirming information and become curious when doubts arise, seeing it as an opportunity to learn. Rethinking leads to confident humility and ongoing discovery.

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    4) Think Again

    Uploaded by

    Lumea Agitator
    67 views1 page
    The document discusses insights from Adam Grant's book Think Again about how changing one's mind leads to greater success. It notes that superforecasters and top-scoring students rethink their answers more often. The highest-ranked US presidents revised policies more. However, people often get stuck in "overconfidence cycles" of preaching their views, prosecuting others', and politicking for support. This prevents rethinking. To think like a scientist, one should actively seek disconfirming information and become curious when doubts arise, seeing it as an opportunity to learn. Rethinking leads to confident humility and ongoing discovery.

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    The document discusses insights from Adam Grant's book Think Again about how changing one's mind leads to greater success. It notes that superforecasters and top-scoring students rethink their answers more often. The highest-ranked US presidents revised policies more. However, people often get stuck in "overconfidence cycles" of preaching their views, prosecuting others', and politicking for support. This prevents rethinking. To think like a scientist, one should actively seek disconfirming information and become curious when doubts arise, seeing it as an opportunity to learn. Rethinking leads to confident humility and ongoing discovery.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    67 views1 page

    4) Think Again

    Uploaded by

    Lumea Agitator
    The document discusses insights from Adam Grant's book Think Again about how changing one's mind leads to greater success. It notes that superforecasters and top-scoring students rethink their answers more often. The highest-ranked US presidents revised policies more. However, people often get stuck in "overconfidence cycles" of preaching their views, prosecuting others', and politicking for support. This prevents rethinking. To think like a scientist, one should actively seek disconfirming information and become curious when doubts arise, seeing it as an opportunity to learn. Rethinking leads to confident humility and ongoing discovery.

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    Insights from Think Again by Adam Grant

    When was the last time you changed your mind?


    The more willing you are to change your mind (after careful reasoning, not peer pressure), the faster you will rise to the top of your field.

     Superforecasters change their mind twice as much as other forecasters before making a final prediction.
     College students who reconsider their answers before handing in an exam and have more eraser marks on their exam score
    higher than students who do not rethink their first answer.
     The highest‐ranked U.S. presidents in history (according to historians) displayed more intellectual curiosity and revised more of
    their original policies.

    Many of us fail to “rethink” our beliefs and opinions because we get stuck in overconfidence cycles: 1. Form an opinion that feels right. 2.
    Seek information to support that opinion. 3. Feel validated. 4. Proudly express our opinions.

    Overconfidence cycles strengthen every time we preach, prosecute, and politick. When stuck in any of these three modes, feeling right
    becomes more important than being right, and we stop learning.

    Overconfidence Mode #1: Preaching


    When preaching our beliefs, we pretend to be 100% certain to be more persuasive. The more we preach, the more we
    believe our false sense of certainty and think our beliefs are bulletproof. The more someone preaches about a single type
    of investment, like Bitcoin, the more likely they are to dismiss concerning data that could make that investment
    vulnerable to an attack and lead to a catastrophic loss.

    Overconfidence Mode #2: Prosecuting


    When prosecuting someone’s belief, we rarely give that someone credit for a good idea. If someone is bashing Bitcoin
    and searching for reasons why Bitcoin is a bad investment to score points in a Twitter battle, they will discount pro‐Bitcoin
    facts and may miss an opportunity to diversify their portfolio and protect their savings.

    Overconfidence Mode #3: Politicking


    When we politick, we adopt people's beliefs because we want to be liked and accepted by them. Politicians adopt popular
    opinions to get votes and have little incentive to question those opinions.

    Adam Grant says (paraphrased), "When we become so wrapped up in preaching that we're right, prosecuting others
    who are wrong, and politicking for support, we don't bother to rethink our own views and get trapped in an overconfidence cycle.” To
    get ourselves out of an overconfidence cycle, we need to think like scientists.

    Think Like a Scientist


    When Adam Grant asked world‐renowned scientist Daniel Kahneman what he does when people find flaws in his
    research, Danny's eyes lit up, and he said, "It's wonderful, I get a chance to be less wrong!" Great scientists see
    ideas and beliefs as hunches and hypotheses that need to be tested with data. When a scientist encounters data
    which casts doubt on a hypothesis, they see it as an opportunity to develop a better hypothesis and better
    understand reality.

    “In preacher mode, changing our minds is a mark of moral weakness; in scientist mode, it’s a sign of intellectual integrity. In prosecutor
    mode, allowing ourselves to be persuaded is admitting defeat; in scientist mode, it’s a step toward the truth. In politician mode, we flip‐
    flop in response to carrots and sticks; in scientist mode, we shift in the face of sharper logic and stronger data.” – Adam Grant

    Start thinking like a scientist by actively seeking out disconfirming information and getting curious when you experience doubt. When
    doubt turns to curiosity, you have an opportunity to discover new ideas and experience the joy of learning. By learning and improving upon
    your ideas, you gain confidence in your capacity to learn while remaining humble about what you didn't know and what you still don't
    know ‐ this is called confident humility.

    Rethinking Cycle: Doubt  Curiosity  Discovery  Confident Humility  Doubt…

    One way to keep the rethinking cycle going is to update a note on your phone with two lists: “Things I don't know” and “Things I've
    learned recently.” Another way to stay in the rethinking cycle is to listen to podcasts by people who make you think even if you disagree
    with what they think.

    “Learn something new from each person you meet. Everyone knows more than you about something. Ask
    people what they’ve been rethinking lately, or start a conversation about times you’ve changed your mind in
    the past year.” – Adam Grant

    www.ProductivityGame.com

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