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    Internet

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    Sherilyn Apostol
    The Internet started in the 1960s as a way for government researchers to share information between large, immobile computers. The Cold War spurred the development of ARPANET to allow information dissemination after a nuclear attack. In 1983, TCP/IP protocols allowed different networks to communicate, connecting ARPANET and establishing the modern Internet by providing a universal language for all networks.

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    Internet

    Uploaded by

    Sherilyn Apostol
    16 views2 pages
    The Internet started in the 1960s as a way for government researchers to share information between large, immobile computers. The Cold War spurred the development of ARPANET to allow information dissemination after a nuclear attack. In 1983, TCP/IP protocols allowed different networks to communicate, connecting ARPANET and establishing the modern Internet by providing a universal language for all networks.

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    The Internet started in the 1960s as a way for government researchers to share information between large, immobile computers. The Cold War spurred the development of ARPANET to allow information dissemination after a nuclear attack. In 1983, TCP/IP protocols allowed different networks to communicate, connecting ARPANET and establishing the modern Internet by providing a universal language for all networks.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    16 views2 pages

    Internet

    Uploaded by

    Sherilyn Apostol
    The Internet started in the 1960s as a way for government researchers to share information between large, immobile computers. The Cold War spurred the development of ARPANET to allow information dissemination after a nuclear attack. In 1983, TCP/IP protocols allowed different networks to communicate, connecting ARPANET and establishing the modern Internet by providing a universal language for all networks.

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    A Brief History of the Internet

    Sharing Resources
    The Internet started in the 1960s as a way for government researchers to share
    information. Computers in the '60s were large and immobile and in order to make
    use of information stored in any one computer, one had to either travel to the site
    of the computer or have magnetic computer tapes sent through the conventional
    postal system.

    Another catalyst in the formation of the Internet was the heating up of the Cold
    War. The Soviet Union's launch of the Sputnik satellite spurred the U.S. Defense
    Department to consider ways information could still be disseminated even after a
    nuclear attack. This eventually led to the formation of the ARPANET (Advanced
    Research Projects Agency Network), the network that ultimately evolved into what
    we now know as the Internet. ARPANET was a great success but membership was
    limited to certain academic and research organizations who had contracts with the
    Defense Department. In response to this, other networks were created to provide
    information sharing.

    January 1, 1983 is considered the official birthday of the Internet. Prior to this, the
    various computer networks did not have a standard way to communicate with each
    other. A new communications protocol was established called Transfer Control
    Protocol/Internetwork Protocol (TCP/IP). This allowed different kinds of computers
    on different networks to "talk" to each other. ARPANET and the Defense Data
    Network officially changed to the TCP/IP standard on January 1, 1983, hence the
    birth of the Internet. All networks could now be connected by a universal language.

    The image above is a scale model of the UNIVAC I (the name stood for Universal
    Automatic Computer) which was delivered to the Census Bureau in 1951. It
    weighed some 16,000 pounds, used 5,000 vacuum tubes, and could perform about
    1,000 calculations per second. It was the first American commercial computer, as
    well as the first computer designed for business use. (Business computers like the
    UNIVAC processed data more slowly than the IAS-type machines, but were
    designed for fast input and output.) The first few sales were to government
    agencies, the A.C. Nielsen Company, and the Prudential Insurance Company. The
    first UNIVAC for business applications was installed at the General Electric
    Appliance Division, to do payroll, in 1954. By 1957 Remington-Rand (which had
    purchased the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation in 1950) had sold forty-six
    machines.

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