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    Suffix and Prefix

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    neth.u.22967
    The document discusses prefixes and suffixes, which are sets of letters added to words to modify their meaning. Prefixes come at the beginning of a word while suffixes come at the end. Some common prefixes and their meanings are provided such as "a-" meaning not or without, "inter-" meaning between, and "hyper-" meaning beyond normal. Suffixes can be either inflectional, changing grammar but not meaning, or derivational, changing the word to a new part of speech or with a new meaning derived from the original word.

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    Suffix and Prefix

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    neth.u.22967
    28 views12 pages
    The document discusses prefixes and suffixes, which are sets of letters added to words to modify their meaning. Prefixes come at the beginning of a word while suffixes come at the end. Some common prefixes and their meanings are provided such as "a-" meaning not or without, "inter-" meaning between, and "hyper-" meaning beyond normal. Suffixes can be either inflectional, changing grammar but not meaning, or derivational, changing the word to a new part of speech or with a new meaning derived from the original word.

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    The document discusses prefixes and suffixes, which are sets of letters added to words to modify their meaning. Prefixes come at the beginning of a word while suffixes come at the end. Some common prefixes and their meanings are provided such as "a-" meaning not or without, "inter-" meaning between, and "hyper-" meaning beyond normal. Suffixes can be either inflectional, changing grammar but not meaning, or derivational, changing the word to a new part of speech or with a new meaning derived from the original word.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    28 views12 pages

    Suffix and Prefix

    Uploaded by

    neth.u.22967
    The document discusses prefixes and suffixes, which are sets of letters added to words to modify their meaning. Prefixes come at the beginning of a word while suffixes come at the end. Some common prefixes and their meanings are provided such as "a-" meaning not or without, "inter-" meaning between, and "hyper-" meaning beyond normal. Suffixes can be either inflectional, changing grammar but not meaning, or derivational, changing the word to a new part of speech or with a new meaning derived from the original word.

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    Affixes

    Suffixes and Prefixes


    What are Suffixes and Prefixes
     Prefixes and suffixes are sets of letters that are added to the
    beginning or end of another word.

     They are not words and cannot stand on their own in a


    sentence: if they are printed on their own, they have a hyphen
    before or after them.
    Suffixes
     A suffix is a group of letters placed at the end of a word to make a new
    word.
     A suffix can make a new word in one of two ways:
    inflectional (grammatical):
    • for example, changing singular to plural (dog → dogs), or changing present
    tense to past tense (walk → walked).
    • In this case, the basic meaning of the word does not change.

    derivational (the new word has a new meaning, "derived" from the
    original word):
    for example,
     teach → teacher
     care → careful
    Inflectional Suffixes
     Inflectional suffixes do not change the meaning of the original word.
    So, in "Every day I walk to school" and "Yesterday I walked to school",
    the words walk and walked have the same basic meaning.
     In "I have one car" and "I have two cars", the basic meaning of the
    words car and cars is the same.
     In these cases, the suffix is added simply for grammatical
    "correctness".
     Look at these examples:
    Example

    Suffix Grammatical Change Original Word Suffixed Word

    -s plural dog dogs


    -en plural (irregular) ox oxen
    -s 3rd person singular present like he likes
    (simple present tense)
    -ed past tense work he worked
    past participle he has worked
    -en past participle (irregular) eat he has eaten
    -ing continuous/progressive sleep he is sleeping
    -er comparative big bigger
    -est superlative big the biggest
    Derivational Suffixes
     With derivational suffixes, the new word has a new meaning, and is usually a
    different part of speech.
     But the new meaning is related to the old meaning - it is "derived" from the old
    meaning.
     We can add suffixes and create different parts of speech, there is no limitation to
    this;
     For example:
    we can take a noun → make a verb
    We can take a verb → make an adjective
    We can take an adjective → make an adverb
     There are several hundred derivational suffixes. Here are some of the more
    common ones:
    Suffix Making Example - Original Word Example - Suffixed Word
    -ation Explore / hesitate Exploration / hesitation

    -sion Persuade / divide Persuasion / division

    -er teach teacher


    -cian music musician
    -ess nouns god goddess
    -ness sad sadness
    -al arrive arrival
    -ary diction dictionary
    -ment treat treatment
    -y Jealous / victor Jealousy / victory

    -al accident accidental


    -ary imagine imaginary
    -able tax taxable
    -ly adjectives brother brotherly
    -y ease easy
    -ful Sorrow / forget Sorrowful / forgetful

    -ly adverbs helpful helpfully


    -ize Terror / private Terrorize / privatize
    verbs
    -ate hyphen hyphenate
    Prefixes
    A prefix is placed at the beginning of a word to modify or
    change its meaning.
     This
    is a list of the most common prefixes in English,
    together with their basic meaning and some examples.
     Youcan find more detail or precision for each prefix in
    any good dictionary.
    Prefix Meaning Examples
    a- also an- not, without Atheist, anaemic
    a- to, towards aside, aback
    in the process of, in a particular state a-hunting, aglow

    a- of anew
    completely Abashed
    ab- also abs- away, from Abdicate, abstract
    ad- also a-, ac-, af-, movement to, change into, addition or advance, adulterate, adjunct, ascend, affiliate,
    ag- al-, an-, ap-, increase affirm, aggravate, alleviate, annotate,
    at- as-, at- apprehend, arrive, assemble, attend
    ante- before, preceding Antecedent, ante-room
    anti- also ant- opposing, against, the opposite anti-aircraft, antibiotic, anticlimax, Antarctic

    be- all over, all around Bespatter, beset


    completely bewitch, bemuse
    having, covered with Bejeweled
    affect with (added to nouns) Befog

    cause to be (added to adjectives) becalm


    de- down, away descend, despair, depend, deduct
    completely denude, denigrate
    removal, reversal de-ice, decamp
    dia- also di- through, across diagonal
    dis- also di- negation, removal, expulsion disadvantage, dismount, disbud,
    disbar
    en- also em- put into or on engulf, enmesh
    bring into the condition of enlighten, embitter
    intensification entangle, enrage
    ex- also e-, ef- out exit, exclude, expand
    upward exalt, extol
    completely excruciate, exasperate
    previous ex-wife
    extra- outside, beyond extracurricular
    hemi- half hemisphere
    inter- between, among interact, interchange
    hyper- beyond, more than, more than hypersonic, hyperactive
    normal
    hypo- under hypodermic, hypothermia
    in- also il-, im- not, without infertile, inappropriate, impossible
    also il-, im-, in, into, towards, inside influence, influx, imbibe
    ir-
    infra- below infrared, infrastructure

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