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    Defining and Non-Defining Relative Clauses

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    panamatiaz11
    This document defines and contrasts defining and non-defining relative clauses. Defining relative clauses identify the person or thing being referred to and do not use commas. Non-defining relative clauses add extra information between commas. The information in defining clauses is essential, while non-defining clauses provide non-essential information. Common mistakes include using another pronoun after who, which, or that in defining clauses, and using "that" in non-defining clauses between commas.

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    Defining and Non-Defining Relative Clauses

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    panamatiaz11
    20 views7 pages
    This document defines and contrasts defining and non-defining relative clauses. Defining relative clauses identify the person or thing being referred to and do not use commas. Non-defining relative clauses add extra information between commas. The information in defining clauses is essential, while non-defining clauses provide non-essential information. Common mistakes include using another pronoun after who, which, or that in defining clauses, and using "that" in non-defining clauses between commas.

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    Defining and non-defining relative clauses

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    This document defines and contrasts defining and non-defining relative clauses. Defining relative clauses identify the person or thing being referred to and do not use commas. Non-defining relative clauses add extra information between commas. The information in defining clauses is essential, while non-defining clauses provide non-essential information. Common mistakes include using another pronoun after who, which, or that in defining clauses, and using "that" in non-defining clauses between commas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views7 pages

    Defining and Non-Defining Relative Clauses

    Uploaded by

    panamatiaz11
    This document defines and contrasts defining and non-defining relative clauses. Defining relative clauses identify the person or thing being referred to and do not use commas. Non-defining relative clauses add extra information between commas. The information in defining clauses is essential, while non-defining clauses provide non-essential information. Common mistakes include using another pronoun after who, which, or that in defining clauses, and using "that" in non-defining clauses between commas.

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    DEFINING AND

    NON-DEFINING
    RELATIVE CLAUSES
    DEFINING RELATIVE
    CLAUSES

    ▪ Defining relative clauses carry essential information because they identify which thing or
    person we are talking about, and they are used without commas.
    This is the music which was used at the show.
    Have they found the prisoner who escaped last
    week?
    In defining relative clauses we can use that instead of which or who.
    This is the music that was used at the show.
    Have they found the prisoner that escaped last week?
    Who/which/that, can be omitted if they are followed by subject + verb
    Can you pass me the box (which/that) I keep in the top drawer?
    Fabian is the only teacher (who/that) we really admire.
    NON-DEFINING
    RELATIVE CLAUSES

    ▪ Non-defining relative clauses are used between commas, and they add extra
    information which is not necessary to know who or what we are talking about.
    This music, which I really like, was used at the show.
    My sister, who I truly admire, is coming for Thanksgiving.
    We cannot use that, and we cannot omit who/which.
    This music, that I really like, was used at the show.
    My sister, I truly admire, is coming for Thanksgiving.
    DEFINING VS NON-DEFINING
    RELATIVE CLAUSES
    ▪ In a defining relative clause the information is essential to identify who or what we
    are talking about, whereas in non-defining relative clauses, we just add extra
    information, which is not necessary. Compare:
    Fabian who is my teacher is the best person in the world. (=there are more than one
    (Fabian) and the relative clause helps identify which fabian I am talking about).

    Fabian Otabio Fabian Fulgencio Fabian Fastidio Fabian Cosita Rica Fabian crack
    your friend your father your brother your boyfriend your brother in law

    •My brother, who lives in Cardiff, is much older than me. (=I have only one
    brother, so we don’t need the relative clause to know who I am talking
    about)

    Fabian Hernandez
    your E. teacher
    RELATIVE PRONOUNS AND
    ADVERBS
    ▪ Here you can see a grammar chart with the relative pronouns and adverbs that we
    normally use in relative clauses.

    Fabian Hernandez
    your E. teacher
    COMMON
    ▪ Two subjects
    MISTAKES
    When who, which or that is the subject of a relative clause, we don’t use another pronoun
    or noun after it, because we can only have one subject (who, which or that).
    I saw a man who was very tall. (NOT: I saw a man who he was very tall.)
    That is the painting that was stolen from the gallery. (NOT: That is the painting that it was stolen from the gallery.)

    ▪ That between commas


    We cannot use the relative pronoun that in a non-defining relative clause (between commas)

    The victim, who suffered a concussion, said he didn’t remember the accident. (NOT, The victim, that
    suffered a concussion, said he didn’t remember the accident.)

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