Tutorial Sheet - 04

1. The magnetic circuit shown in Fig. Q1 has dimensions Ac = Ag= 9 cm2, g = 0.050 cm,
lc = 30 cm, and N = 500 turns. Assume the value of the relative permeability,µr = 70,000 for core material.
(a) Find the reluctances Rc and Rg. For the condition that the magnetic circuit is operating with Bc = 1.0 T,
find (b) the flux and (c) the current i.
[Ans. (a) Rc =3785 AT/Wb, Rg = 442321.3 AT/Wb (b) 9×10-4 Wb (c) 0.8 A]

Fig. Q1

2. The magnetic circuit of Fig. Q2 has two windings and two air gaps. The core can be assumed to be of
infinite permeability. The core dimensions are indicated in the figure. Assuming coil 1 to be carrying a
current 𝑖𝑖1 and the current in coil 2 to be zero, calculate (a) the magnetic flux density in each of the air gaps.
(b) Repeat part (a), assuming zero current in winding 1 and a current 𝑖𝑖2 in winding 2.
µ0𝑁𝑁 𝑖𝑖 µ0𝑁𝑁 𝑖𝑖 µ0𝑁𝑁 𝑖𝑖
1 1
[Ans.(a) , 1 1 (b) 0, 2 2 ]
𝑔𝑔1 𝑔𝑔2 𝑔𝑔2

Fig. Q2

3. A steel ring having a mean circumference of 750 mm and a cross sectional area of 500 mm2 is wound with a
magnetic coil 120 turns. Using the following data, calculate the current required to set up a magnetic flux of
630 µWb in the ring.

Flux density (T) 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.3

[Ans. 4.575 A]
4. A 680 turns coil is wound on the central limb of the cast steel frame as shown in Fig. Q4 (a). A total flux of
1.6 mWb is required in the gap, find what current is required. Assume that the gap density is uniform and
that all lines pass straight across the gap. Dimensions are in cms.
[Ans. 1.95 A]
 Fig. Q4(a)

Fig. Q4 (b). Magnetization curves, Fig. 4 (c). Magnetization curves,

5. The mean diameter of a steel ring is 50 cm and a flux density of 1.0 Wb/m2 is produced by a field intensity
of 40 AT/cm. If the area of cross section of the ring is 20 cm2 and if a 500 turn coil is wound around the
ring; (a). Find the inductance of the coil in Henry; (b). When an air gap of 1.0 cm is cut in the ring and the
exciting current is changed to maintain a flux density of 1.0 Wb/m2 then find the new inductance of the coil.
Ignore the effects of leakage and fringing.
[Ans. (a) 79.6 mH (b) 35.2 mH]

6. The magnetic circuit of Fig. Q6 has a cast steel core with dimensions as shown. It is required to establish a
flux of 0.8mWb in the air gap of the central limb. Determine the mmf of the exciting coil, if for the core
material µr = ∞. Neglect fringing.
[Ans: 1343.98 AT].
 Fig. Q6
7. In the magnetic circuit shown in Fig. Q7, the area of cross section of the central limb is 12cm2 and that of
each outer limb (A to B) is 6 cm2. A coil current of 0.5 A produces 0.5 mWb in the air-gap. Find the relative
permeability of the core material.
[Ans: 7627.51]

Fig. Q7
8. For the magnetic circuit shown in Fig. Q8, find the self and mutual inductances between the two coils. The
relative permeability of the core is 1600.
[Ans: L1=0.73 H; L2=3.55 H; M=0.64 H Ans: L1=0.9834 H; L2=5.245 H; M=0.8742 H].

Fig. Q8
9. The magnetic structure of a synchronous machine is shown schematically in Fig. Q9. Assuming that rotor
and stator iron have infinite permeability (µ→∞), find the air-gap flux Φ and flux density Bg for I = 10 A, N
= 1000 turns, g = 1 cm, and Ag = 2000 cm2.
[Ans. 0.13 Wb, 0.65 T Ans. 0.126 Wb, 0.628 T]

Fig. Q9
10. An iron ring (Fig.Q10) of mean length 30 cm has an air gap of 2 mm and a winding of 200 turns. The iron
has a permeability of 1.25×10-4 and the coil carries 1 A current. What is the flux density in the core?
[Ans: 83.77 mWb/m2, 125.66 mWb/m2].

Fig. Q10

11. The magnetic circuit of Fig. Q11 consists of an N-turn winding on a magnetic core of infinite permeability
with two parallel air gaps of lengths g1 and g2 and areas A1and A2, respectively. Find (a) the inductance of
the winding and (b) the flux density Bl in gap 1 when the winding is carrying a current i. Neglect fringing
effects at the air gap.
𝐴𝐴1 𝐴𝐴2 𝜇𝜇𝑜𝑜 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁
[Ans. (a) 𝜇𝜇𝑜𝑜 𝑁𝑁 2 � + � (b) ]
𝑔𝑔1 𝑔𝑔2 𝑔𝑔1

Fig.Q11
12. A magnetic circuit with a single air gap is shown in Fig. Q12. The core dimensions are: Cross-sectional area
Ac = 1.8 × 10-3 m2, Mean core length lc = 0.6 m Gap length g = 2.3×10-3 m, N = 83 turns. Assume that the
core is of infinite permeability and neglect the effects of fringing fields at the air gap and leakage flux. (a)
Calculate the reluctance of the core Rc and that of the gap Rg. For a current of i = 1.5 A, calculate (b) the
total flux, (c) the flux linkages of the coil, and (d) the coil inductance L.
[Ans. (a) 0, 101.73×104 (b) 1.2×10-4 Wb (c) 0.01016 WbT (d) 6.78 mH]

Fig. Q12

13. Two identical inductors 1 H each, are connected in series as shown Fig.Q13. Deduce the combined
inductance. If a third inductance is similarly connected in series with this combined inductor, with the dots
all at the left ends what are the resulting inductances? What do you infer is the relation between number of
turns and the inductance of a coil? Assume coefficient of coupling as 1.0.
[Ans. 4H; 9H;]

Fig.Q13

14. (a) Two coils X of 12000 turns and Y of 15000 turns lie in parallel planes so that 45 % of the flux produced
by coil X links coil Y. A current of 5 A in X produces in it a flux of 0.05 mWb, while the same current in Y
produces in it a flux of 0.075 mWb. Calculate (a) The mutual inductance and (b) The coupling coefficient
[Ans: 67.5mH, 04108]
(b) Two similar air-cored coils of 600 turns mutually link each other so that coil ‘Y’ links 70% of the total
flux developed in coil ‘X’ and vice-versa. A current of 1.0 A in coil ‘X’ produces a total flux of 0.075 mWb
in itself. When the current in coil ‘X’ changes at a uniform rate of 200 A/s, determine the voltage induced in
coil ‘Y’. Also compute the self inductance of each coil and the mutual inductance between them.
[6.3V, L=45mH, M=31.5mH]

15. The following parameters refer to two mutually coupled coils ‘a’ and ‘b’:
Ra = 20 Ω, La = 120 mH, Na = 1500; Rb = 4 Ω, Lb = 31 mH, Nb = 750;
Co-efficient of coupling, k = 0.95
An alternating voltage of 20V r.m.s. at angular frequency of 1000 rad/s is applied across coil ‘a’. Compute,
under steady state condition, (i) voltage across the terminals of coil ‘b’ when it is open circuited, and (ii)
current in coil ‘a’ when the terminals of coil ‘b’ are short circuited.
[Ans: (i) (9.4+ j1.56) V, (ii) (0.511 – j0.2) A]