IMPACT OF MODULAR DISTANCE LEARNING TO ELEMENTARY GRADUATED

PARENTS

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A Thesis Represented to the

Faculty of Capas National High School

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In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Course Requirements for the subject

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Prepared by:

Capulong, Nheil Fritz

Dela Cruz, Eldrine

Galura, Kevhin

Guzman, Trishia

Javier, Rochelle

Mendoza, Addrialene
 NOVEMBRER 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgement-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dedication----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHAPTER

I. INTRODUCTION AND IT’S BACKGROUND

Introduction---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Statement of the Problem-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Significance of the Study-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Scope and Delimitation-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Definition of Terms------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHAPTER

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND THE STUDIES

Related Literature--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Local Literature----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Local Study----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Foreign Literature--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Foreign Study-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conceptual Framework--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHAPTER

III. METHODS OF STUDY AND SOURCES OF DATA

The Research Design-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Population of the Study---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sampling Design----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Methods of Gathering Data---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Statistical Treatment-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers are using this opportunity to express our deepest gratitude to everyone who
supported us throughout the strand of Information Communication Technology

First and foremost, to Almighty God for giving us endless blessings throughout the process of this
research study, by providing and granting the opportunity and the capability to accomplish this study
successfully.

To Ms. Jasmin Fermantez, our practical research teacher, thank you for giving us trust, offering
valuable advice, and giving support during the whole period of the study, and especially for the
patience and guidance.

To our beloved Principal in Capas National High School, Dr.Mariolito G. Magcalas, we also thank
you for supporting us.

To the School Administrators, thank you.

To the respondents of this study, for being approachable, cooperative, and for spending their time in
answering the checklist provided.

To the beloved families of the researchers, for their unending financial, emotional, moral and
spiritual support.

And most of all, the researchers would like to extend wholeheartedly the gratitude and praise to ever
loving and merciful God.

DEDICATION

We would like to dedicate this research wholeheartedly to our dear parents who supported us through our
hard times and who have been our inspiration making this research.

And we dedicated this research to our Almighty God who gave us wisdom, thank you for your guidance,
strength, power of mind, protection, and skills. All of these, we offer to you.
 CHAPTER I

PROBLEM AND IT’S BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

In year 2020, academic year started, and it has been atypical to all the students since they're not
entering school due to the invisible virus COVID-19, and this virus affected our life, ourselves and
including education. Although we solve it and now many countries around the world are using online
learning such as United States, India, China, South Korea, Malaysia, United Kingdom, Australia,
South Africa, and Philippines.

DepEd proposed to use different learning modalities like Modular (Printed or Digitized), Online,
Educational TV, Radio-Based Instruction, Home Schooling and Blended Learning and 7.2 million
enrollees prefer to use modular distance learning, TV and Radio-Based instructions and other
modalities while only 2 million enrollees prefer online for school year 2020-2021 (Manila Bulletin,
2020). This learning modality Module Distance Learning (MDL) is currently used by public schools
in Philippines especially primary schools because according to a survey conducted by DepEd, 8.8
million parents preferred Modular Distance learning, latest data from DepEd showed that 3,885,427
learners "modular" wherein modules - either printed or digital- will be used as an alternative learning
option (Merlinda Hernando-Malipot, 2020). On the other hand, a few Elementary Graduated Parents
cannot educate their child cause of they can't teach properly, or lack of knowledge and some modules
do not have clear instructions and explanations, so the parents have a hard time teaching them.

Therefore, the researcher aims to determine and seek the perception and impact of modular learning
to Elementary Graduated Parents in San Juan, Concepcion, Tarlac on how they experience and cope
it during this new normal education settings.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

1. How can a Students ensure the Modular in Distance Learning despite its lack of knowledge
2. How does Modular distance learning, affect Grade 12 Graduated Students everyday living?
Cite some Advantages and Disadvantages of this method in our life as a youth.
3. What is the implication of the conducted study on the holistic learning of students with Grade
12 Graduated student?
HYPOTHESIS
There's a significant relationship between the modular distance learning and the impact of
parents on to Modular Distance learning

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

These results of this study be will beneficial to the people in the society particularly to the
students, parents, teacher's, researchers, and future students.

To the students-the responses from students were largely positive overall 85% said their online
courses felt like a “classroom community”, 84% said remote learning environments can be
effective and 70% said they would consider taking more virtual classes in the future due to the
world situation.

To the parents-this study tells that according to the study published in the Journal of School
Choice, 57 percent of parents agreed their child's remote schooling worked better than they
expected, and 60 percent of parents believed their schools prepared their children well for remote
learning.

To the teacher's-they will be able to continue educating the students with the Modular Distance
Learning and other school platforms without students attending to school, to avoid getting
decease due to situation. To the researcher's-they will gain new knowledge about their topic.
Also, it will enhance their skills in terms of engaging in research.

To the future researchers-these study can provide additional information and serve as a guide and
a reference related to their study.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

learning to elementary the main objective of this to know the information about the impact of
modular distance graduated parents. The study also includes the perception and experience of the
parents. This limited to the Elementary Graduated Parents in San Juan Concepcion, Tarlac. Each
of the respondents is going to interview and will give a questionnaire to answer.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
COVID-19 - is a virus that came from eating a bat in China. This virus spreads all over the
world and many people died.
DepEd - DepEd or Department of Education is the agency that manages the basic education in
Philippines.
Digital Module - a module that a student can download using internet through Smartphone,
Laptop, Desktop, and PC.
Module - it is like a book, but this is use by students to answer their activities.
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF REALATED LITERATURE

This Chapter present the Review of Related Literature what is the impact of Modular Distance
Learning to Elementary Graduated Parents

RELATED LITERATURE

Many students have been struggling in this type of new learning method, which is Modular
Distance Learning and Blended Learning, but did we ask their parents on how they're struggling
in Modular Distance learning?

According to (Elizabeth De Crisanti, 2020) many parents have been struggling with the method
of learning due to lack of resources and many parents didn't finish their studies due to their
personal reasons. On this study, we will find out what were their strategy on how they cope the
modular distance learning and their reasons and problems of Elementary Graduated Parents.

LOCAL LITERATURE

According to Lavina Javier Cuerto and Casper Boongaling Agaton (2021), because of the COVID-19
epidemic, educational institutions have collapsed, and instruction has shifted drastically to distance
learning. Students from low-income households and those who live in rural areas, on the other hand,
have restricted access to the technology required for online learning.

Dangle and Sumacang (2020) found out that some parents do not have enough gadgets to be used by
their child/children for online classes; some parents have difficulty understanding and answering the
modules of their child/children while some said that they do not have enough time to guide their kids
due to work and other responsibilities. Moreover, they concluded that one of the main challenges was
the parents lack of knowledge to academically guide their child/children. Modular learning addresses
this learning disparity by making education more accessible to everybody.

During the health crisis, this study investigated the lived experiences of parents who served as
learning supervisors, tutors, and home-schooling teachers for modular learning. This study used
Inductive Content Analysis to survey parents in the Philippines. The findings revealed a consensus
on the topic.

Local Studies
The COVID news detonated like a bomb on March 6, 2020, disrupting institutions all across the
world (Sankar,2020). The rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on both
academics and parents. As a quick solution to the worldwide health crisis, modular distance learning
was created to provide educational continuity.
Philippines has 8.8 million or 42.5 percent parents that prefer modular learning for students (DepEd,
2020). Because education is no longer confined to the classroom, parents have become educators'
collaborators. As home facilitators, parents are critical, and their major job in modular learning is to
build a connection with and guide their children. As a result, this learning mode has entrusted a
significant amount of responsibility to parents, who, according to the Department of Education
(DepEd), fulfill a variety of tasks in modular distance learning.
According to the study of FitzGerald Kintanar, Suzette Elladora, Frenah Cuizon (2021), parents are
having a serious problem in terms of communication, with the highest weighted mean indicator
stating that "I am not knowledgeable enough when it comes to having a system in facilitating
instructions to my child/children" and in terms of learning at home, with the highest weighted mean
indicator stating that "My child/children cannot focus entirely on academic work when they are doing
it at home" and the highest weighted mean indicator stating that "My child/children cannot focus
entirely on academic work when they are doing it at the whole of the challenges that parents face, on
the other hand, is categorised as a Very Serious Problem by the categorical response.
Moreover, of 1,290 parents or legal guardians of school-aged children under the age of 12 during
October and November, the CDC conducted a survey. 45.7 percent said their children received
virtual training, 30.9 percent said they received in-person instruction, and 23.4 percent said they were
in a hybrid teaching program.
Among other negative consequences of the epidemic, nearly half of all parents — 46.6 percent —
claimed their stress levels had increased, 16.5 percent said they were using more drugs or alcohol,
and 17.7 percent said they had difficulties sleeping. Researchers discovered, however, that parents
with children in full-time or part-time virtual learning programs suffered more than parents with
children in school.
Moreover, half of parents with children in virtual school indicated they were experiencing more
mental anguish, and 16.4 percent said they were experiencing increasing emotional distress.

FOREIGN LITERATURE

According to American journal (2020), In the spring of 2020, schools across the globe closed their
doors to decrease the spread of the viral outbreak during the COVID -19 pandemic. This physical
closure led to a rapid shift to remote learning which placed more responsibility for learning on
parents and guardians and according to Bernardo (2020) learning through printed and digital modules
emerged as the most preferred distance learning method of parents with children who are enrolled in
this academic year.

As one of the major stakeholders in the education process, experiences of parents with their children
during remote learning are worth examining to inform future policy decision making. This study
aimed to investigate parents’ experiences and struggles during school closure using an online survey.
Thematic coding was conducted to analyze parental responses regarding their greatest educational
struggle experienced during the COVID school closure.

The results indicate parents agreed with the school closure policy and were generally satisfied with
the level of support provided by school districts whilst describing some areas of struggle. Parents
described having difficulties with balancing responsibilities, learner motivation, accessibility, and
learning outcomes. The results of the study suggest some important implications and
recommendations for educators and policymakers.

FOREIGN STUDIES

Distance education or also known as online learning is an umbrella term that covers many terms and
a variety of models, including distance learning, open learning, networked learning, online learning,
and flexible learning and distributed learning in connected space (Gunawardena & McIsaac, 2011).
Moore and Kearsley (1996) defines distance education as “Planned learning that normally occurs in a
different place from teaching and as a result requires special techniques of course design, special
instruction techniques, special methods of communication by electronic and other technology, as
well as special organizational and administrative arrangements.” Holmberg (2010) offered a similar
definition: “Distance education is a new concept that covers the learning-teaching activities in the
cognitive and/or psycho-motor and affective domains of an individual learner and a supporting
organization. It is characterized by non-contagious communication and can be carried out anywhere
and at anytime which makes it attractive to adults with professional and social commitments
(Holmberg, 2012). And, according to Keegan (2001) distance education is characterized by six major
components: separation of teacher and learner, influence of an educational organization, use of media
to link teacher and learner, two-way exchange of communication, learners as individuals rather than
grouped, and education as an industrialized form. However, the advancement of communication
technologies has altered our notion of distance education, which is more associated with internet
technologies recently. History of Distance Education Even though the exact origins of distance
education is unknown (Holmberg, 2001), the earliest form of distance education or online learning
was correspondence courses (Garrison, 2017), which has been known for several generations,
especially for adult education. The first correspondence program was established at the University of
Chicago, and the delivery of printed materials via mail service was the backbone of the program.
Students received course content in the mail, mailed written responses to questions back to the
institution, and received feedback again in the mail. Even though the interaction was slow, it
facilitated access to education (Gunawardena & McIsaac, 2004). Development and proliferation of
radio during World War I and television in the 1950s enabled new forms of distance education
(Gunawardena & McIsaac, 2004). Institutions set up radio and television programs as new forms of
correspondence study (Buckland & Dye, 2000). Development of satellite technology offered more
qualified distance education programs. Distance learning, also known by various names such as
distance education, e-learning, mobile learning, or online learning, is a form of education where there
is physical separation of teachers from students during the instruction and learning process. It is also
an instructional practice that effectively utilizes a wide range of tools and technology to enrich the
student learning experience and to facilitate student-faculty and student-student communication
(WHO, 2021). Even though distance education is appealing to many students due to the flexibility
and freedom it provides for students, the drop-out rates in distance education are found to be high
and problematic (Bonk, 2002; Parker, 2003). Duffy and Kirkley (2004) stress differences between
distance education and traditional education in terms of constrains, affordances, and goals.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
MDL - Elementary Graduated Parents

MODULAR DISTANCE ELEMENTARY GRADUATED

LEARNING PARENTS
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Figure 1. Conceptual framework

Figure 1 presents the conceptual framework of the study. It consists of two variables, Modular
Distance Learning (MDL) as an independent variable and elementary graduated parents as the
dependent variable.

In figure 1. Modular Distance Learning (MDL) is the way of how other students learn, by the used of
self-learning modules (SLM) in print or digital format/electronic copy. Students learn and answers
the module made by their teacher with different task and activities at home. The teacher will take the
responsibility of monitoring the students by checking their module or their work/activities. They can
send it online by messaging their teacher or drop it off at school.

Elementary Graduated Parents are the parents that graduated only in their primary schools. In
Philippines, every student must finish grade 1 to grade 6 before they graduate.