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44 viewsOOP in Python
Uploaded by
Uche KpadeuwaCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Here's a comprehensive explanation of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) with
Python illustrations, incorporating images for enhancement:
OOP Key Concepts:
Objects: The fundamental building blocks of OOP, representing real-world entities or
abstract concepts. They encapsulate data (attributes) and behavior (methods).
Classes: Blueprints for creating objects, defining their attributes and methods.
Encapsulation: Bundling data and code within objects, controlling access to protect
data integrity,
Inheritance: The ability for new classes (subclasses) to inherit attributes and methods
from existing classes (parent classes), promoting code reusability.
«Polymorphism: The ability of objects of different classes to respond to the same
method callin different ways, enabling flexible code.
Python Illustrations:
4. Classes and Objects:
Python
class Dog:
def (self, name, breed)
self.name = name
self.breed = breed
def bark (self):
print ("Woof !")
# Creating objects (instances of the class)
my_dog = Dog(*Fido", "Labrador")
your_dog = Dog("Buddy", "Golden Retriever")
2, Encapsulation:
Python
class BankAccount :
def _ self, balance)
self. balance = balance # Private attribute
det deposit (self, amount) :
self.__balance += amount
det
withdraw(sel£, amount):
if self._balance >= amount:
self. balance -= amount
return
True
else:
return
False
3. Inheritance:
Python
class Animal:
def eat (self) :
print ("Zating...")
class Dog(animal): # Dog inherits from Animal
def bark(self) :
print ("Woot !
}
4, Polymorphisi
Python
class Shape:
def calculate_area(self):
pass # Abstract method
class
Rectangle (Shape) :
det
__init__(self, width, height):
self.width = width
self.height = height
det calculate_area(self):
return self.width * self.height
class
Circle (Shape) :
def
_init_(self, radius) :
Self.radius = radius
det
calculate_area(self) :
return 3.14159 * self.radius ** 2
# Polymorphism in action
shapes = [Rectangle(4, 5), Circle(3)]
for shape in shape
print (shape.calculate_area())
Benefits of OOP:
Code reusability
Modularity
Maintainabitity
Extensibility
Easier modeling of real-world problems
eee ee
Remember: Python supports OOP but isn't strictly typed like Java or C++, providing
flexibility in data types and object definitions.
Sources
1
https://medium,com/@nikitinsn6/mastering-object-oriented-programming-in-python-a-comprehe
jthub.com/4um3n/SoftUni
3. https://github.com/marina-nenova/Softuni