NSC Life Sciences Grade 12 May June 2023 P1 and Memo
NSC Life Sciences Grade 12 May June 2023 P1 and Memo
NSC Life Sciences Grade 12 May June 2023 P1 and Memo
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GRAAD 12
LIFE SCIENCES P1
2023
MARKS: 150
TIME: 2½ hours
4. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.
8. The diagrams in this question paper are NOT necessarily drawn to scale.
SECTION A
QUESTION 1
1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question
numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.10) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.11 D.
A oversecretion of glucagon.
B undersecretion of glucagon.
C oversecretion of insulin.
D undersecretion of insulin.
1.1.2 Receptors that are stimulated by the low water levels in the blood
are located in the …
A renal tubules.
B hypothalamus.
C pituitary gland.
D carotid artery.
A testis.
B epididymis.
C vas deferens.
D penis.
2
1
3
4
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
1.1.10 The table below shows the average testosterone levels of males of
different age groups.
1.2 Give the correct biological term for each of the following descriptions.
Write only the term next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.8) in the
ANSWER BOOK.
1.2.4 The layer in the eye that is richly supplied with blood vessels
1.2.5 The type of development in birds in which the young is born fully
developed and able to move and feed itself
1.2.6 Groups of cells in the pancreas that secrete insulin and glucagon
1.2.7 The structure in the sperm that contains enzymes to dissolve the
outer layer of the ovum
1.2.8 A blood vessel that transports carbon dioxide from the foetus to the
placenta (8 x 1) (8)
COLUMN I COLUMN II
1.3.1 An extra-embryonic membrane A: Chorion
found in the amniotic egg B: Allantois
1.3.2 A structure in the ear that A: Pinna
absorbs excess pressure waves B: Auditory canal
from the cochlea
1.3.3 A structure that transports A: Scrotum
semen out of the body B: Urethra
(3 x 2) (6)
1.4 The flow diagram below represents the components of the nervous system.
Nervous System
Central nervous
A
system
Cranial
Brain B C
nerves
Sympathetic
E
nervous system
(a) A (1)
(b) D (1)
1.4.3 Give the LETTER and NAME of the component that slows down
the heart rate when an emergency situation has passed. (2)
1.4.4 Name the nerve cells that make up nervous tissue. (1)
1.5 The diagrams below show parts of the middle and inner ear.
C
A
E
Diagram 1 Diagram 2
(a) Equalises pressure between the outer and middle ear (2)
TOTAL SECTION A: 50
SECTION B
QUESTION 2
D
B
2.1.2 Name the process that takes place in part A that leads to zygote
formation. (1)
2.1.4 Describe the development of the zygote until implantation occurs. (4)
BPA seems to interfere with the normal secretion of FSH by the pituitary
gland and is linked to abnormal menstrual cycles and reduced implantation
rates. These studies also show a link between high BPA levels and a
decrease in the development and maturation of ovarian follicles.
2.4 Frogs can survive in water and on land. Most frogs, however, need water for
reproduction. During the breeding season, male and female frogs release
millions of gametes into the water.
2.5 The diagram below shows parts of the skin that are involved in
thermoregulation.
2.5.1 Give TWO reasons why part A is classified as an exocrine gland. (2)
2.6 Workers in some factories are constantly exposed to loud noise for long
periods. This can destroy the hair cells in the organ of Corti and damage the
auditory nerve, resulting in hearing loss.
2.6.1 Name the structure in the ear where the organ of Corti is located. (1)
2.6.3 Suggest ONE reason for the increase in the number of factory
workers with hearing loss caused by exposure to loud noise in this
country. (1)
2.6.4 Explain why damage to the auditory nerve may result in hearing
loss. (2)
2.6.5 Draw a bar graph to represent the data in the table. (6)
(13)
[50]
QUESTION 3
3.1 The graph below shows the concentration of abscisic acid in a cherry tree
during different seasons of the year.
This tree species loses all its leaves in autumn and goes into a state of
dormancy during the winter months.
7
Abscisic acid concentration
5
(µg-1DW-1)
0
Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov.
3.1.1 During which month was the abscisic acid concentration the
lowest? (1)
3.1.2 Explain the trend of the graph from March to May. (3)
3.1.3 Suggest ONE reason for the dormancy in cherry trees during the
winter months. (2)
(6)
3.2.2 When a plant is placed horizontally, with light coming from all
directions, the auxins will accumulate on the lower side of both the
stem and the roots.
Explain the difference in the response of the stem and the roots
after a few days. (4)
(7)
3.3.3 Give TWO reasons why the results of the investigation may be
considered reliable. (2)
3.3.4 Explain TWO reasons why it was important for the participants to
follow the same diet during the investigation. (4)
3.3.5 Explain why the participants' blood pressure was measured before
the start of the investigation. (2)
3.4 Describe how the secretion of adrenalin causes increased energy production
in an emergency situation. (8)
A
F
B
E
D C
3.5.3 Describe the structural difference between area B and area C. (2)
3.5.4 Name the visual defect that occurs when the curvature of part E is
uneven. (1)
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LIFE SCIENCES P1
2023
MARKING GUIDELINES
MARKS: 150
2. If, for example, three reasons are required and five are given
Mark the first three irrespective of whether all or some are correct/ incorrect.
9. Non-recognised abbreviations
Accept if first defined in answer. If not defined, do not credit the unrecognised
abbreviation but credit the rest of the answer if correct.
14. If only the letter is asked for but only the name is given (and vice versa)
Do not credit.
16. Be sensitive to the sense of an answer, which may be stated in a different way.
17. Caption
All illustrations (diagrams, graphs, tables, etc.) must have a caption.
SECTION A
QUESTION 1
SECTION B
QUESTION 2
2.1.1 Endometrium (1)
2.1.3 The (nucleus of the) sperm fuses with (the nucleus of) the ovum (1)
2.4.3 The embryos develop inside an egg, outside the female's body (1)
(5)
2.5 2.5.1 - It has a duct
- The secretion is released externally/not released into blood
- It secretes sweat/It does not secrete a hormone Any (2)
(Mark first TWO only)
2.5.2 - They receive stimuli from the environment
- and convert them to nerve impulses (2)
2.6.5
(130 000)
130 000
Number of workers with hearing loss
(120 000)
120 000
(115 000)
110 000
(100 000)
100 000
90 000
(85 000)
80 000
Transposed axes:
- Can get full credit if axes labels are also swapped and bars are horizontal
- If labels are not corresponding, then lose marks for labels and scale
- Check that the plotting is correct for the given labels
QUESTION 3
3.1 3.1.1 November (1)
3.2.2 - In the stem, the auxins stimulate growth on the lower side
causing the stem to grow/bend upwards
- In the root, the auxins inhibit growth on the lower side
causing the root to grow/bend downwards (4)
(7)
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