10+1 SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY (ASSIGNMENT)

AVOGADRO’S NUMBER AND MOLE CONCEPT

Q.1 Calculate the mass of (i) an atom of silver (ii) a molecule of carbon dioxide.
Ans. (i) 1.793 1022 g
(ii) 7.307 1023 g
Q.2 How many atoms and molecules of sulphur are present in 64.0 g of sulphur ( S8 ) ?
Ans. 1.506 1023 molecules
Q.3 Calculate the number of molecules present (i) in 34.20 grams of cane sugar (C12 H 22O11 )
(ii) in one litre of water assuming that the density of water is 1 g/ cm3
(iii) in one drop of water having mass 0.05 g.
Ans. (i) 6.022 1022 molecules
(ii) 3.346 1025 molecules
(iii) 1.673 1021 molecules
Q.4 Calculate the number of atoms of the constituent elements in 53 g of Na2CO3 .
Ans. 6.022 1023 Na  ions; 3.0111023 carbon atoms; 9.033 1023 oxygen atoms.
Q.5 Calculate the number of molecules present in 350 cm3 of NH 3 gas at 273 K and 2 atmosphere
pressure.
Ans. 1.882 1022 molecules
Q.6 (i) Assuming the density of water to be 1 g/ cm3 , calculate the volume occupied by one
molecule of water.
(ii) Assuming the water molecule to be spherical, calculate the diameter of the water
molecule.
(iii) Assuming that oxygen atom occupies half of the volume occupied by the water molecule,
calculate approximately the diameter of the oxygen atom.
Ans. (i) 2.989 1023 cm3
(ii) 3.85 108 cm
(iii) 3.056 108 cm
Q.7 Calculate the number of moles in: (i)392 grams of sulphuric acid (ii) 44.8 litres of carbon
dioxide at STP (iii) 6.022 1023 molecules of oxygen (iv) 9.0 grams of aluminium (v) 1 metric ton
of iron (1 metric ton = 103 kg) (vi) 7.9 mg of Ca (vii) 65  g of carbon.

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Ans. (i) 4 moles of H 2 SO4
(ii) 2 moles CO2
(iii) 1 mole of oxygen molecules
(iv) 0.33 mole of Al
(v) 1.786 104 moles
(vi) 1.975 104 mol
(vii) 5.458 106 mol
Q.8 Calculate the mass of (i) 0.1 mole of KNO3 (ii) 11023 molecules of methane and (iii) 112 cm3 of
hydrogen at STP.
Ans. (i) 10.1 g of KNO3
(ii) 2.657 g
(iii) 0.01 g
Q.9 Arrange the following in order of their increasing masses in grams?
(i) One atom of silver
(ii) One-gram atom of nitrogen
(iii) One mole of calcium
(iv) One mole of oxygen molecules
(v) 1023 atoms of carbon
(vi) One gram of iron
Ans. (i) 1.793 1022 g
(ii) 14.0 g
(iii) 40.0 g
(iv) 32.0 g
(v) 1.993 g
(vi) 1.0 g
One atom of silver < one gram of iron < 1023 atoms of carbon < one gram-atom of nitrogen <
one mole of oxygen < one mole of calcium
Q.10 Calculate the volume at STP occupied by (i) 14 g of nitrogen, (ii) 1.5 moles of carbon dioxide
and (iii) 1021 molecules of oxygen.
Ans. (i) 11.2 L at STP
(ii) 33.6 L at STP
(iii) 37.2 mL at STP
Q.11 (a) What is the mass of (i) 1 mole of water (ii) 0.5 mole of CO2 (iii) 2.5 moles of Cl2 ?
(b) How many moles of atoms are contained in : (i) 9.0 g of aluminium (ii) 0.8 g of iron?
Ans. (a) (i) 18.0 g (ii) 22.0 g (iii) 177.5 g (b) (i) 1/3 mole (ii) 1/70 mole
Q.12 Calculate the number of moles in each of the following amounts of materials:
(i) 10.0 g of CaCO3 (ii) 11023 molecules of CO2
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Ans. (i) 0.1 mole (ii) 0.166 mole
Q.13 What is the mass in grams of : (i) 6.022 1023 atoms of oxygen?
(ii) 1.0 1023 molecules of H 2 S ?
(iii) 6.022 1023 molecules of oxygen?
(iv) 1.5 moles of H 2 SO4
Ans. (i) 16.0 g (ii) 5.645 g (iii) 32.0 g (iv) 147.0 g
Q.14 Which of the following weighs most?
(i) 50 g of iron (ii) 5 g atoms of nitrogen (iii) 0.1 g atom of silver
(iv) 110 atoms of carbon
23

Ans. (i) 50.0 g (ii) 70.0 g (iii) 10.8 g (iv) 1.992 g

Hence, 5 g atoms of nitrogen weigh most.
Q.15 Calculate the number of molecules present in 22 g of CO2 ?
Ans. 3.0111023 molecules
Q.16 Calculate the mass of CO2 which contains the same number of molecules as are contained in
40 g of oxygen.
Ans. 55 g
Q.17 Calculate the mass of Na2CO3 which will have the same number of molecules as contained in
12.3 g of MgSO4 .7 H 2O .
Ans. 5.3 g
Q.18 Calculate the volume occupied by 1022 molecules of a gas at 300 K and 760 mm pressure.
Ans. 408.9 cm3
Q.19 Find the number of atoms of each type present in 3.42 grams of cane sugar (C12 H 22O11 ) .
Ans. C = 7.226 1022 atoms, H = 1.325 1023 atoms
Q.20 Calculate the mass of 1 molecule of (i) oxygen (ii) ammonia
Ans. (i) 5.314 1023 g (ii) 2.823 1023 g
Q.21 Calculate the volume occupied at STP by
(i) 16.0 g of oxygen (ii) 1.5 moles of oxygen and (iii) 6.022 1023 molecules of carbon
dioxide
Ans. (i) 11.20 L (ii) 33.60 L (iii) 22.4 L
Q.22 (i) how many grams of H 2 S are contained in 0.40 mole of H 2 S ?
(ii) How many gram atoms of H and S are contained in 0.40 mole of H 2 S ?
(iii) How many molecules of H 2 S are contained in 0.40 mole of H 2 S ?
(iv) How many atoms of H and S are contained in 0.40 mole of H 2 S ?
Ans. (i) 13.6 g (ii) 0.8 g atoms of H and 0.4 g atoms of S
(iii) 2.4088 10 molecules
23
(iv) 4.8176 1023 atoms of H and 2.4088 1023 atoms of S

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Q.23 You are supplied with a gas containing 0.32 g of oxygen. Calculate the number of moles and
number of molecules present in it.
Ans. 0.01 mole, 6.022 1021 molecules
Q.24 The mass of a litre of oxygen at standard conditions of temperature and pressure is 1.43 g
and that of a litre of SO2 is 2.857 g.
(i) How many molecules of each gas are there in this volume?
(ii) What is the mass in grams of a single molecule of each gas?
(iii) What are the molecular masses of SO2 and O2 respectively?
Ans. (i) 2.688 1022 molecules (ii) O2  5.320 1023 g and SO2  10.629 1023 g
(iii) O2  32.032 u and SO2  63.997 u
Q.25 The mass of 350 cm3 of a diatomic gas at 273 K at 2 atmospheres pressure is one gram.
Calculate the mass of one atom of the gas.
Ans. 2.657 1023 g
Q.26 How many atoms and molecules of phosphorus are present in 124 g of phosphorus ( P4 ) ?
Ans. 24.088 1023 atoms and 6.022 1023 molecules
Q.27 What is the mass of a water molecule in gram? How many molecules are present in one drop
of pure water which weighs 0.05 g? If the same drop of water evaporates in one hour,
calculate the number of molecules leaving the liquid surface per second.
Ans. 2.989 1023 g, 1.673 1021 molecules and 4.647 1017 molecules/sec.
Q.28 What is the mass of carbon present in 0.5 mole of K4 [ Fe(CN )6 ] ?
Ans. 36 g
Q.29 The cost of table salt ( NaCl ) and table sugar (C12 H 22O11 ) is Rs. 2 per kg and Rs. 6 per kg
respectively. Calculate their costs per mole.
Ans. Salt = 12 p, Sugar = Rs. 2.05 p
Q.30 Chlorophyll, the green colouring matter of plants responsible for photosynthesis, contains
2.68% of magnesium by weight. Calculate the number of magnesium atoms in 2.0 g of
chlorophyll.
Ans. 1.345 1021
Q.31 How many years would it take to spend Avogadro’s number of rupees at the rate of 10 lakh
rupees per second?
Ans. 1.9089 1010 years approx.
Q.32 Calculate the total number of electrons present in 1.4 g of nitrogen gas.
Ans. 4.214 1023 electrons
Q.33 What is the mass in grams of one molecule of caffeine (C8 H10 N4O2 ) ?
Ans. 3.222 1022 g

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Q.34 How many molecules approximately do you expect to be present in (i) a small sugar crystal
which weighs 10 mg (ii) one drop of water with 0.05 cc volume?
Ans. (i) 1.76 1019 (ii) 1.67 1021
Q.35 9.7 1017 atoms of iron weigh as much as 1 cc of H 2 at S.T.P. What is the atomic mass of iron?
Ans. 55.9

PROBLEMS INVOLVING MOLE CONCEPT IN SOLUTIONS

Q.36 A solution is prepared by adding 2 g of a substance A to 18 g of water. Calculate the mass

percent of the solute.
Ans. 10%
Q.37 Calculate the molarity of NaOH in the solution prepared by dissolving its 4 g in enough water
to form 250 mL of the solution.
Ans. 0.4 M
Q.38 A solution of oxalic acid, (COOH )2 .2H 2O is prepared by dissolving 0.63 g of the acid in 250 cm3
of the solution. Calculate (a) molarity (b) normality of the solution.
Ans. (a) 0.02 M (b) 0.04 N
Q.39 The density of 3 M solution of NaCl is 1.25 g mL1 . Calculate the molality of the solution.
Ans. 2.79 m
Q.40 Commercially available concentrated hydrochloric acid contains 38% HCl by mass.
(a) What is the molarity of this solution? The density is 1.19 cm3
(b) What volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid is required to make 1.00 L of 0.10 M HCl?
Ans. (a) 12.38 M
(b) 8.1 cm3
Q.41 How many grams of NaOH should be dissolved to make 100 cm3 of 0.15 M NaOH solution?
Ans. 0.6 g
Q.42 Calculate the molarities and normalities of the solutions obtained on mixing
(i) 100 mL of 0.2 M H 2 SO4 with 50 mL of 0.1 M HCl
(ii) 100 mL of 0.2 N H 2 SO4 with 50 mL of 0.1 N HCl
(iii) 100 mL of 0.1 M H 2 SO4 with 50 mL of 0.1 M NaOH
(iv) 50 mL of 0.1 N H 2 SO4 with 100 mL of 0.1 N NaOH
Ans. (i) 0.167 M ; 0.3 N
(ii) 0.1 M ; 0.167 N
(iii) 0.05 M ; 0.1 N
(iv) 0.033 M ; 0.033 N
Q.43 Calculate the number of oxalic acid molecules in 100 ml of 0.02 N oxalic acid solution.
Ans. 6.02 1020 molecules
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Q.44 Calculate the molarity of water if its density is 1000 kg/ m3 .
Ans. 55.56 mol L1
Q.45 What is the mass percent of the solute in the solution obtained by dissolving 5 g of the solute
in 50 g of water?
Ans. 9.1%
Q.46 A sample of NaOH weighing 0.40 g is dissolved in water and the solution is made to 50.0 cm3
in volumetric flask. What is the molarity of the resulting solution?
Ans. 0.2 M
Q.47 How many moles and how many grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) are present in 250 cm3 of a
0.500 M NaCl solution?
Ans. 0.125 mole, 7.312 g
Q.48 Concentrated aqueous sulphuric acid is 98% H 2 SO4 by mass and has a density of 1.84 g cm3 .
What volume of the concentrated acid is required to make 5.0 litre of 0.500 M H 2 SO4
solution?
Ans. 136 cm3
Q.49 How many grams of barium chloride ( BaCl2 ) are needed to prepare 100 cm3 of 0.250 M BaCl2
solution?
Ans. 5.20 g
Q.50 How many moles and how many grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) are present in 250 mL of a
0.50 M NaCl solution?
Ans. 0.125 mol, 7.32 g
Q.51 A sample of NaNO3 weighing 0.38 g is placed in a 50.0 mL measuring flask. The flask is then
filled with water upto the mark on the neck. What is the molarity of the solution?
Ans. 0.090 M
Q.52 In a reaction vessel, 0.184 g of NaOH is required to be added for completing the reaction.
How many millilitres of 0.150 M NaOH solution should be added for this requirement?
Ans. 30.7 mL

CALCULATION OF PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION FROM FORMULA

Q.53 Calculate the percentage composition of the various elements in MgSO4 .

Ans. Mg = 20%, S = 26.67%, O = 53.33%
Q.54 Calculate the percentage of water of crystallization in the sample of blue vitriol ( CuSO4 .5H 2O ).
Ans. 36.07%
Q.55 Calculate the percentage of cation in ammonium dichromate.
Ans. 14.29%

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Q.56 Find the percentage composition of potassium chlorate ( KClO3 ) .
Ans. K = 31.84%, Cl = 28.98%, O = 39.18%
Q.57 Calculate the percentage of (i) SO42
(ii) H 2O in pure crystals of Mohr salt, viz., FeSO4 .( NH 4 )2 SO4 .6H 2O
Ans. SO42 = 48.98%, H 2O = 27.55%
Q.58 Calculate the percentage of water of crystallization in the sample of washing soda,
Na2CO3 .10H 2O .
Ans. 62.94%
Q.59 A sample of clay is found to have the formula Al2O3.K2O.6 SiO2 . Calculate the percentage of
alumina ( Al2O3 ) , potassium oxide ( K2O) and silica (SiO2 ) in the sample.
Ans. Al2O3  18.35%, K2O  16.90%, SiO2  64.75%
Q.60 Fe2 (SO4 )3 is used in water and sewage treatment to aid the removal of suspended impurities.
Calculate the mass percentage of iron, sulphur and oxygen in this compound.
Ans. Fe = 28%, S = 24%, O = 48%
Q.61 Calculate the percentage of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in ethanol (C2 H5OH ) .
Ans. C = 52.17%, H = 13.04%, O = 34.78%

CALCULATION OF THE EMPIRICAL FORMULA

Q.62 An inorganic salt gave the following percentage composition:

Na = 29.11, S = 40.51 and O = 30.38
Calculate the empirical formula of the salt.
Ans. Na2 S2O3
Q.63 2.38 g of uranium was heated strongly in a current of air. The resulting oxide weighed 2.806
g. Determine the empirical formula of the oxide. (At. Mass U = 238; O = 16).
Ans. U 3O8
Q.64 2.746 g of a compound gave on analysis 1.94 g of silver, 0.268 of sulphur and 0.538 g of
oxygen. Calculate the empirical formula of the compound (At. Masses: Ag = 108, S = 32, O
=16)
Ans. Ag2 SO4
Q.65 A crystalline salt on being rendered anhydrous loses 45.6% of its weight. The percentage
composition of anhydrous salt is:
Aluminium = 10.50%; Potassium = 15.1%;
Sulphur = 24.96%; Oxygen = 49.92%
Find the simplest formula of the anhydrous and crystalline salt.
Ans. KAlS2O8 .12 H 2O
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Q.66 The percentage composition of ferrous ammonium sulphate is 14.32% Fe2 ; 9.20% NH 4 ;
49.0% SO42 and 27.57% H 2O . What is the empirical formula of the compound?
Ans. ( Fe2 )( NH 4 )2 (SO42 )2 ( H 2O)6 or Fe( NH 4 )2 (SO4 )2 .6 H 2O
Q.67 An inorganic salt on analysis gave the following percentage composition:
Pb = 62.6, N = 8.4, O = 29
What is the empirical formula of the compound? Also name the compound. (At. Mass Pb =
207, N = 14, O =16).
Ans. PbN2O6 .Pb( NO3 )2 , Lead nitrate
Q.68 An oxide of nitrogen has the percentage composition: N = 25.94 and O = 74.06
Calculate the empirical formula of the compound.
Ans. N 2O5
Q.69 A sample of a salt has the percentage composition: Fe = 36.76; S = 21.11 and O = 42.14
Calculate the empirical formula of the compound. (At. Mass Fe = 56, S = 32 and O = 16)
Ans. FeSO4
Q.70 A salt containing water of crystallization gave the following percentage composition:
Mg = 9.76; S = 13.01; O = 26.01 and H 2O = 51.22
Calculate the simplest formula. (At. Mass of Mg = 24)
Ans. MgSO4 .7 H 2O
Q.71 Calculate the empirical formula of gold chloride which contains 35.1% of chlorine. At. Mass of
Au = 197.
Ans. AuCl3
Q.72 Calculate the empirical formula of a mineral having the following composition:
CaO  48.0%; P2O5  41.3%; CaCl2  10.7%
Ans. 9CaO.3P2O5 .CaCl2

CALCULATION OF MOLECULAR FORMULA

Q.73 A compound contains 4.07% hydrogen, 24.27% carbon and 71.65% chlorine. Its molar mass is
98.96 g. What are its empirical and molecular formulas?
Ans. Empirical formula = CH 2Cl ; Molecular formula = C2 H 4Cl2
Q.74 A compound containing sodium, sulphur, hydrogen and oxygen gave the following results on
analysis: Na = 14.28%, S = 9.92%, H = 6.20%
Calculate the molecular formula of the anhydrous compound. If all the atoms of hydrogen in
the compound are present in combination with oxygen as water of crystallization, what is the
structure of the crystalline salt? The molecular mass of the crystalline salt is 322.
Ans. Na2 SO4 .10H 2O
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Q.75 A crystalline salt when heated becomes anhydrous and loses 51.2% of its weight. The
anhydrous salt on analysis gave the percentage composition as: Mg = 20.0%; S = 26.66% and
O = 53.33%.
Calculate the molecular formula of the anhydrous salt and the crystalline salt. Molecular
mass of the anhydrous salt is 120.
Ans. MgSO4 .7 H 2O
Q.76 A compound containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen gave the following analytical data:
C = 40.0% and H = 6.67%
Calculate the molecular formula of the compound if its molecular mass is 180.
Ans. C6 H12O6
Q.77 On analysis, a substance was found to have the following percentage composition:
K = 31.84, Cl = 28.98 and O = 39.18
Calculate its molecular formula is its molecular mass is 122.5.
Ans. KClO3
Q.78 An organic liquid having carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen was found to contain C =
41.37% ; H = 5.75% ; N = 16.09% and the rest oxygen. Calculate the molecular formula of the
liquid if its V.D. is 43.3.
Ans. C3 H5 NO2
Q.79 A chemical compound is found to have the following composition:
C = 19.57%; Fe = 15.2% ; N = 22.83% ; K = 42.39%
Calculate the empirical formula of the compound. What will be its molecular formula if the
molecular mass of the compound is 368? Name the compound.
Ans. K4 Fe(CN )6
Q.80 Butyric acid contains only C , H and O . A 4.24 mg sample of butyric acid is completely
burned. It gives 8.45 mg of CO2 and 3.46 mg of H 2O . The molecular mass of butyric acid was
determined by experiment to be 88 amu. What is molecular formula?
Ans. C4 H8O2
Q.81 1.615 g of anhydrous ZnSO4 was placed in moist air. After a few days, its mass was found to
be 2.875 g. What is the molecular formula of the hydrated salt?
(At. Masses: Zn = 65.5, S = 32, O = 16)
Ans. ZnSO4 .7 H 2O

BALANCING OF A CHEMICAL EQUATION

Q.82 Magnetic oxide ( Fe3O4 ) when heated with hydrogen is reduced to iron and water is also
produced. Write balanced equation for the reaction.

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Ans. Fe3O4  4H 2  3Fe  4H 2O
Q.83 Acetylene burns in oxygen producing carbon dioxide and water. Write the balanced equation
for this reaction.
Ans. 2C2 H 2  5O2  4CO2  2H 2O
Q.84 Balance the following skeleton equation:
Mg3 N2  H 2O  Mg (OH )2  NH3
Ans. Mg3 N2  6H 2O  3Mg (OH )2  2 NH3
Q.85 the skeleton equation to represent the action of chlorine on a hot solution of sodium
hydroxide is:
NaOH  Cl2  NaCl  NaClO3  H 2O
Balance this equation by the method of Partial Equations.
Q.86 Balance the following skeleton equation by the method of Partial Equations:
P  HNO3  H3 PO4  H 2O  NO2
Q.87 Balance the following skeleton equation by the method of partial equations:
KMnO4  H 2 SO4  (COOH )2  K2 SO4  MnSO4  CO2  H 2O
Q.88 Balance the following equations by Hit and Trial Method:
(i) SO2  H 2 S  S  H 2O
(ii) Al4C3  H 2O  Al (OH )3  CH 4
(iii) KMnO4  HCl  KCl  MnCl2  H 2O  Cl2
(iv) KMnO4  KOH  K2 MnO4  MnO2  O2
(v) FeS2  O2  Fe2O3  SO2
(vi) Zn  NaOH  Na2 ZnO2  H 2
(vii) Na2 S2O3  I 2  Na2 S4O6  NaI
(viii) C2 H 6  O2  CO2  H 2O
(ix) Ca3 P2  H 2O  Ca(OH )2  PH3
Ans. (i) SO2  2H 2 S  3S  2H 2O
(ii) Al4C3  12H 2O  4 Al (OH )3  3CH 4
(iii) 2KMnO4  16HCl  2KCl  2MnCl2  8H 2O  5Cl2
(iv) 6KMnO4  2KOH  4K2 MnO4  2MnO2  O2
(v) 4FeS2  11O2  2Fe2O3  8SO2
(vi) Zn  2 NaOH  Na2 ZnO2  H 2
(vii) 2 Na2 S2O3  I 2  Na2 S4O6  2NaI
(viii) 2C2 H6  7O2  4CO2  6H 2O
(ix) Ca3 P2  6H 2O  3Ca(OH )2  2PH3
Q.89 Balance the following equations by partial equation method:
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 (i) PbS  O3  PbSO4  O2
(ii) K2Cr2O7  H 2 SO4  SO2  K2 SO4  Cr2 (SO4 )3  H 2O
(iii) KMnO4  FeSO4  H 2 SO4  K2 SO4  MnSO4  Fe2 (SO4 )3  H 2O
(iv) Mg  HNO3  Mg ( NO3 )2  NH 4 NO3  H 2O
(v) Cu  HNO3  Cu( NO3 )2  NO  H 2O
(vi) C  H 2 SO4  CO2  SO2  H 2O
(vii) P4  HNO3  H3 PO4  NO2  H 2O
(viii) CuSO4  KI  K2 SO4  Cu2 I 2  I 2
(ix) Fe2 (SO4 )3  NH3  H 2O  Fe(OH )3  ( NH 4 )2 SO4
(x) I 2  HNO3  HIO3  NO2  H 2O

STOICHIOMETRY AND CALCULATIONS BASED ON STOICHIOMETRY

INVOLVING MASS-MASS RELATIONSHIP

Q.90 Calculate the amount of water (g) produced by the combustion of 16 g of methane.
Ans. 36 g
Q.91 How many moles of methane are required to produce 22 g of CO2 (g) after combustion?
Ans. 0.5 mole
Q.92 Calculate the mass of iron which will be converted into its oxide ( Fe3O4 ) by the action of 18 g
of steam on it.
Ans. 42 g
Q.93 What mass of slaked lime would be required to decompose completely 4 grams of
ammonium chloride and what would be the mass of each product?
Q.94 1.5 g of an impure sample of sodium sulphate dissolved in water was treated with excess of
barium chloride solution when 1.74 g of BaSO4 were obtained as dry precipitate. Calculate
the percentage purity of the sample.
Ans. 70.67
Q.95 Current market prices of Al, Zn and Fe scraps per kg are Rs. 20, Rs. 16 and Rs. 3 respectively.
If H 2 is to be prepared by the reaction of one of these metals with H2SO4 , which would be
the cheapest metal to use? Which would be most expensive?
Ans. Fe is the cheapest and Zn is the most expensive metal to use for the preparation of H 2 .
Q.96 In order to find the strength of a sample of sulphuric acid, 10 g were diluted with water and a
piece of marble weighing 7 g placed in it. When all action has ceased, the marble was
removed, washed, dried and was found to weigh 2.2 g. What was the percentage strength of
sulphuric acid?
Ans. 47.04
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Q.97 1.84 g of a mixture of CaCO3 and MgCO3 is strongly heated till no further loss of mass takes
place. The residue weighs 0.96 g. Calculate the percentage composition of the mixture.
Ans. % of CaCO3 in the mixture = 54.35
% of MgCO3 in the mixture = 45.65
Q.98 A solid mixture weighing 5.00 g containing lead nitrate and sodium nitrate was heated below
600 C until the mass of the residue was constant. If the loss of mass is 28%, find the mass of
lead nitrate and sodium nitrate in the mixture. (At. Wts. of Pb = 207, Na = 23, N = 14, O = 16)
Ans. Pb( NO3 )2 in the mixture = 3.33 g
NaNO3 in the mixture = 1.67 g
Q.99 Calculate the amount of lime, Ca(OH )2 , required to remove hardness of 50,000 litres of well
water which has been found to contain 1.62 g of calcium bicarbonate per 10 litre.
Ans. 3.7 kg
Q.100 In the commercial manufacture of nitric acid, how many moles of NO2 produce 7.33 mol of
HNO3 in the reaction: 3 NO2 ( g )  H 2O (l )  2HNO3 (aq)  NO ( g ) ?
Ans. 10.995 moles
Q.101 How much of Fe can be theoretically obtained by the reduction of 1 kg of Fe2O3 ?
Ans. 700 g
Q.102 Calculate the mass of 60% H 2 SO4 required to decompose 50 g of chalk (calcium carbonate).
Ans. 81.67 g
Q.103 Which is cheaper: 40% hydrochloric acid at the rate of 50 paise per kilogram or 80% H 2 SO4 at
the rate of 25 paise per kilogram to completely neutralize 7 kg of caustic potash?
Ans. Cost of HCl = Rs. 5.70, Cost of H 2 SO4 = Rs. 1.91
Q.104 Excess of AgNO3 solution was added to 2.2 g of commercial sample of common salt dissolved
in water. The mass of dried precipitate of silver chloride was 2.11 g. Calculate the percent
purity of common salt.
Ans. 39.10
Q.105 A sample of dolomite contained 45% of CaCO3 , 40% of MgCO3 and 15% clay. Calculate the
mass of sulphuric acid of 30% strength required to react completely with 10 g of the sample.
Ans. 30.27 g
Q.106 Calculate the mass of graphite that must be burnt to produce 13.2 g of CO2 .
Ans. 3.6 g
Q.107 One gram of a mixture of potassium and sodium chlorides on treatment with excess of silver
nitrate gave 2 g of AgCl. What was the composition of the two salts in the original mixture?
Ans. NaCl = 14%, KCl = 86%

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INVOLVING MASS-VOLUME RELATIONSHIP

Q.108 What volume of carbon dioxide measured at 27 C and 746.7 mm pressure would be obtained
by treating 10.0 g of pure marble with dilute hydrochloric acid? (Aq. tension at 27 C is 26.7
mm).
Ans. 2598.3 cm3
Q.109 1.0 g of a mixture of carbonates of calcium and magnesium gave 240 cm3 of CO2 at STP.
Calculate the percentage composition of the mixture.
Ans. % of CaCO3 = 62.5
% of MgCO3 = 37.5
Q.110 What volume of oxygen at 18 C and 750 mm pressure can be obtained from 10 g of
potassium chlorate?
Ans. 2.963 litres
Q.111 What mass of iodine is liberated from a solution of potassium iodide when 1 litre of chlorine
gas at 10 C and 750 mm pressure is passed through it?
Ans. 10.78 g
Q.112 1.4 g of a sample of chalk (CaCO3 ) containing clay as impurity were treated with excess of
dilute hydrochloric acid. Volume of CO2 evolved when measured at 15 C and 768 mm
pressure was 282 cm3 . Calculate the percentage purity of the sample.
Ans. 86.1%
Q.113 How much marble of 96.5% purity would be required to prepare 10 litres of carbon dioxide at
STP when the marble is acted upon by dilute hydrochloric acid?
Ans. 46.26 g
Q.114 Calculate the volume of SO2 at STP obtained by burning 500 g of S containing 4% sand by
weight.
Ans. 336 litres
Q.115 2.50 g sample of sodium bicarbonate when strongly heated gave 300 cm3 of CO2 measured at
27 and 760 mm pressure. Calculate the percentage purity of the sample.
Ans. 81.9%
Q.116 10 mL of liquid carbon disulphide (sp. Gravity 2.63) is burnt in oxygen. Find the volume of the
resulting gases measured at STP.
Ans. 23.25 L
Q.117 The drain cleaner, Drainex contains small bits of aluminium which react with caustic soda to
produce dihydrogen. What volume of dihydrogen at 20 C and one bar will be released when
0.15 g of aluminium reacts?
Ans. 203.0 mL

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INVOLVING VOLUME-VOLUME RELATIONSHIP

Q.118 What volume of oxygen at STP is required to affect complete combustion of 200 cm3 of
acetylene and what would be the volume of carbon dioxide formed?
Ans. 500 cm3 at STP ; 400 cm3 at STP
Q.119 5.6 litres of methane (CH 4 ) gas are ignited in oxygen gas. Calculate the number of moles of
CO2 formed.
Ans. 0.25 mole
Q.120 Calculate the volume of air containing 21% oxygen by volume at STP required to convert 294
cm3 of sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide under the same conditions.
Ans. 700 cm3
Q.121 What volume of a solution of HCl containing 73 g/litre would suffice for the exact
neutralization of NaOH obtained by allowing 0.46 g of metallic sodium to react with water.
Ans. 10.0 cm3
Q.122 Find out the volume of Cl2 at STP produced by the action of 100 cm3 of 0.2 N HCl on excess of
MnO2 .
Ans. 112 cm3
Q.123 A gas mixture of 3.0 litres of propane and butane on complete combustion at 25 C produced
10 litres of CO2 . Find out the composition of the gas mixture.
Ans. Propane = 2 L, Butane = 1 L
Q.124 A mixture of ethane (C2 H 6 ) and ethene (C2 H 4 ) occupies 40 litres at 1.00 atm at 400 K. The
mixture reacts completely with 130 g of O2 to produce CO2 and H 2O . Assuming ideal gas
behavior, calculate the mole fractions of C2 H 4 and C2 H 6 in the mixture.
Ans. C2 H 6  0.6, C2 H 4  0.4

STOICHIOMETRY OF REACTIONS IN SOLUTION

Q.125 Calculate the volume of hydrogen liberated at STP when 500 cm3 of 0.5 N sulphuric acid reacts
with excess of zinc. (H = 1, O = 16, S = 32)
Ans. 2800 cm3
Q.126 5.0 g of marble was added to 7.5 g dilute hydrochloric acid. After the reaction was over, it
was found that 0.5 g of marble was left unused. Calculate the percentage strength of
hydrochloric acid. What volume of CO2 measured at STP will be evolved in the above
reaction?
Ans. 43.8% and 1008 cm3

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Q.127 Calculate the volume of 1.00 mol L1 aqueous sodium hydroxide solution that is neutralized
by 200 mL of 2.00 mol L1 aqueous hydrochloric acid and mass of sodium chloride produced.
Ans. 400 mL, 23.4 g
Q.128 Bromine is prepared commercially by the reaction:
2Br  (aq)  Cl2 (aq)  2 Cl  (aq)  Br2 (aq)
Suppose we have 50.0 mL of 0.060 M solution of NaBr. What volume of 0.050 M solution of
Cl2 is needed to react completely with the Br  ?
Ans. 30 mL Cl2 solution
Q.129 How many millilitres of 0.5 M H 2 SO4 are needed to dissolve 0.5 g of copper (II) carbonate?
(At. Mass: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, S = 32, Cu = 63.5)
Ans. 8.1 mL

LIMITING REACTANT/REAGENT

Q.130 50.0 kg of N 2 (g) and 10.0 kg of H 2 (g) are mixed to produce NH 3 (g). Calculate the NH 3 (g)
formed. Identify the limiting reagent in the production of NH 3 in this situation.
Ans. 56.217 kg
Q.131 3.0 g of H 2 react with 29.0 g of O2 to form H 2O .
(i) which is the limiting reactant?
(ii) calculate the maximum amount of H 2O that can be formed.
(iii) calculate the amount of the reactant left unreacted.
Molecular mass of H 2 = 2.016
Ans. (i) H 2 (ii) 26.8 g (iii) 5.2 g
Q.132 One litre of oxygen at STP is made to react with three litres of carbon monoxide at STP.
Calculate the mass of each substance found after the reaction. Which one is the limiting
reactant?
Ans. Mass of CO left unused = 1.25 g, mass of CO2 produced = 3.928 g, oxygen is the limiting
reactant.
Q.133 500 cm3 of 0.250 M Na2 SO4 solution added to an aqueous solution of 15.00 g of BaCl2 resulted
in the formation of a white precipitate of BaSO4 . How many moles and how many grams of
BaSO4 are formed?
Ans. 0.072 mole, 16.776 g
Q.134 If 20.0 g of CaCO3 is treated with 20.0 g of HCl, how many grams of CO2 will be produced?
Ans. 8.80 g
Q.135 Zinc and hydrochloric acid react according to the reaction:

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 Zn(s)  2HCl (aq)  ZnCl2 (aq)  H 2 ( g )
If 0.30 mol Zn are added to hydrochloric acid containing 0.52 mol of HCl , how many moles
of H 2 are produced?
Ans. HCl is the limiting reagent ; H 2 formed = 0.36 mol

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