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Driven by The Internal Heat of The Earth, Which in Turn Results From The Radioactive Decay of Elements Deep Beneath The Surface

Endogenic processes are geological processes that occur beneath the Earth's surface, driven by the planet's internal heat. They include folding, faulting, and tectonic movements, which shape major landforms like mountains. Folding involves the bending of rock layers, while faulting fractures and displaces rock along fault planes due to tension or compression. Different types of faulting result in landforms such as block mountains or rift valleys. Endogenic processes also cause volcanism, metamorphism, and earthquakes.

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Sheryl Borromeo
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24 views

Driven by The Internal Heat of The Earth, Which in Turn Results From The Radioactive Decay of Elements Deep Beneath The Surface

Endogenic processes are geological processes that occur beneath the Earth's surface, driven by the planet's internal heat. They include folding, faulting, and tectonic movements, which shape major landforms like mountains. Folding involves the bending of rock layers, while faulting fractures and displaces rock along fault planes due to tension or compression. Different types of faulting result in landforms such as block mountains or rift valleys. Endogenic processes also cause volcanism, metamorphism, and earthquakes.

Uploaded by

Sheryl Borromeo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Endogenic Process

 Geological processes that occur beneath the surface of the earth


 It is associated with energy originating in the inetrior of the solid earth.
 The ground we live on is still moving all the time. The forces within the earth that cause the
ground to the move are called ENDOGENIC FORCES.
 driven by the internal heat of the Earth, which in turn results from the radioactive decay of
elements deep beneath the surface. This heat bubbles upward providing a huge driving force
that bends, cracks, lifts, and moves Earth's rigid outer layer.
 The term “endogenic forces,” sometimes known as “internal forces,” refers to the pressure that
comes from within the ground.
 The main endogenic processes are FOLDING & FAULTING or Tectonic Movements.
 They takes place mainly along the plate boundaries, which are the zones that are not stable.
 Endogenic processes cause many major landform features. Mountain forms & earthquake

FOLDING
 The displacement of rock upward or downward from their original position along such a
fracture
 When two forces push towards each other from opposite sides, the rock layers will bend into
folds.
 The process by which folds are formed due to compressional forces known as folding.
 There are large-scale and small-scale folds. Large-scale folds are found mainly along destructive
plate boundaries.
FAULTING
 The fracturing and displacement of more brittle rock start along a fault plane either caused by
tension or compression.
 A break in rock along which a vertical or horizontao rock movement has occurred is called a
fault. The process of forming a fault is faulting. The line fault which appears on land surface is
known as fault line. These line often line of weakness which allow molten rock to rise up onto
the earth surface when there is active volcanic actvity nearby.

TYPES OF FAULTING

1. Normal Fault - The upper block moves downward relative to the lower block. San Andreas
2. Reverse Fault - The upper block moves upward relative to the lower block. Himakayas,
Rocky Mountain
3. Tear fault -Both blocks slide horizontally across one another.
 Faulting forms two major kandfroms- block mountains and rift valley.
SUBSEQUENT
1. Volcanism – magma beneath the crust is under great pressure. When folding and
faulting occur, cracks or fractures which are line of weakness are created. When these
line af weakness develop downward in the crust and reach the magma, they will release
the pressure in the magma. This allows magma to rise up along the lines of weakness
and intrude into the crust. Some magma may even reach earth’s surface and some
don’t.
- There are two types of Volcanism ; Intrusive and Extrusive
2. Metamorphism – which occurs when there is pressure and heat applied to geologic
structures which leads to the transformation of Metamorphic rocks.
- New minerals are created either by rearrangement of mineral components or by
reactions with fluids that enter the rocks. Pressure or temperature can even change
previously metamorphosed rocks into new types. Metamorphic rocks are often
squished, smeared out, and folded.
3. Earthquake – a sudden shaking or vibration in the earth’s crust.
- When plates suddenly move past each other, the build-up strain is released along
the fault, and the rock fractures. An earthquale also can be triggered by molten rock
moving up into the chambe of a volcano before eruption.

EXOGENIC PROCESS

 Aproess take place at or near the earth’s surface that makes the surface wear away. Exogenic
processes are very destructive, they are responsible for degradation and sculpting the earth’s
surface.
 The processes that take place at or near the Earth's surface.These processes are a part
of denudation process which involves wearing away of Earth's surface.
TYPES OF EXOENIC

1. weathering – breaks down rock into smaller pieces.

- Weathering is the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on Earths surface. Once a rock has
been broken down, a process called erosion transports the bits of rock and minerals away.

 PHYSICAL WEATHERING – happens when rock is physically broken into smaller pieces.
- the process that breaks rocks apart without changing their chemical
composition.
a. Ice wedging – crack rocks into smaller pieces.
b. Release of pressure -

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