Operating Agreement 2
Operating Agreement 2
Operating Agreement 2
B. The Members enter into this Agreement to provide for the governance of
the Company and the conduct of its business, and to specify their relative rights and
obligations.
ARTICLE 1: DEFINITIONS
Capitalized terms used in this Agreement have the meanings specified in this
Article 1 or elsewhere in this Agreement and if not so specified, have the meanings set forth
in the California Revised Uniform Limited Liability Company Act.
“Capital Account” means, with respect to any Member, an account consisting of such
Member’s Capital Contribution, (1) increased by such Member’s allocated share of income
and gain, (2) decreased by such Member’s share of losses and deductions,
(3) decreased by any distributions made by the Company to such Member, and
(4) otherwise adjusted as required in accordance with applicable tax laws.
“Capital Contribution” means, with respect to any Member, the total value of
(1) cash and the fair market value of property other than cash and (2) services that are
contributed and/or agreed to be contributed to the Company by such Member, as listed on
Exhibit A, as may be updated from time to time according to the terms of this Agreement.
“Manager” means each Person who has authority to manage the business and affairs
of the Company pursuant to this Agreement; such Persons are listed on Exhibit B, as may
be updated from time to time according to the terms of this Agreement. A Manager may be,
but is not required to be, a Member.
“Member” means each Person who acquires Membership Interest pursuant to this
Agreement or who has his/her Membership Interest recognized by this Agreement. The
Members are listed on Exhibit A, as may be updated from time to time according to the
terms of this Agreement. Each Member has the rights and obligations specified in this
Agreement.
“Percentage Interest” means the percentage of ownership in the Company that, with
respect to each Member, entitles the Member to a Membership Interest and is expressed as
either:
(1) the number of Units owned by the Member (expressed as “MU” in the
equation below) divided by
(2) the total number of Units owned by all of the Members of the Company
(expressed as “TU” in the equation below).
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MU
Percentage Interest =
TU
2.1 Initial Capital Contributions. The names of all Members and each of
their respective addresses, initial Capital Contributions, and Ownership Interests must
be set forth on Exhibit A. Each Member has made or agrees to make the initial Capital
Contribution set forth next to such Member’s name on Exhibit A to become a Member of the
Company.
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2.4 Capital Accounts. Individual Capital Accounts must be maintained for
each Member, unless (a) there is only one Member of the Company and (b) the Company
is exempt according to applicable tax laws. Capital Accounts must be maintained in
accordance with all applicable tax laws.
3.2 Distributions. The Company will have the right to make distributions of cash
and property to the Members on a pro rata basis in proportion to the respective Percentage
Interest held by each Member. The timing and amount of distributions will be determined
by the Managers in accordance with the California Revised Uniform Limited Liability
Company Act.
A. The Company would be unable to pay its debts as they become due in the
usual course of business; or
B. The fair value of the Company’s total assets would be less than the sum
of its total liabilities plus the amount that would be needed, if the Company were to be
dissolved at the time of the distribution, to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of
Members, if any, whose preferential rights are superior to those of the Members receiving
the distribution.
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ARTICLE 4: MANAGEMENT
4.1 Management.
A. Generally. Subject to the terms of this Agreement and the California Revised
Uniform Limited Liability Company Act, the business and affairs of the Company will be
managed by the Board of Managers, as further described below. The Members initially
nominate and elect the Person(s) set forth on Exhibit B to serve as the Manager(s) of the
Company. The Managers will act under the direction of the Members and may be elected
or removed at any time, for any reason or no reason, by the Members holding a majority of
the Voting Interest of the Company. Exhibit B must be amended to reflect any changes in
Managers.
(iii) The merger of the Company with any other entity or the sale of all or
substantially all of the Company’s assets; and
4.2 Meetings of Managers. Regular meetings of the Managers are not required
but may be held at such time and place as the Managers deem necessary or desirable for the
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reasonable management of the Company. Meetings may take place in person, by conference
call, or by any other means permitted under the California Revised Uniform Limited
Liability Company Act. In addition, Company actions requiring a vote may be carried out
without a meeting if all of the Managers consent in writing to approve the action.
4.3 Officers. The Managers are authorized to appoint one or more officers
from time to time. The officers will have the titles, the authority, exercise the powers,
and perform the duties that the Managers determine from time to time. Each officer
will continue to perform and hold office until such time as (a) the officer’s successor is
chosen and appointed by the Managers; or (b) the officer is dismissed or terminated by
the Managers, which termination will be subject to applicable law and, if an effective
employment agreement exists between the officer and the Company, the employment
agreement. Subject to applicable law and the employment agreement (if any), each officer
will serve at the direction of Managers, and may be terminated, at any time and for any
reason, by the Managers.
5.1 Accounts. The Company must maintain complete accounting records of the
Company’s business, including a full and accurate record of each Company transaction.
The records must be kept at the Company’s principal executive office and must be open to
inspection and copying by Members during normal business hours upon reasonable notice
by the Members wishing to inspect or copy the records or their authorized representatives,
for purposes reasonably related to the Membership Interest of such Members. The costs of
inspection and copying will be borne by the respective Member.
5.2 Records. The Managers will keep or cause the Company to keep the following
business records.
(ii) A copy of the Company’s federal, state, and local tax information and
income tax returns and reports, if any, for the six most recent taxable
years;
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5.3 Income Tax Returns. Within 45 days after the end of each taxable year, the
Company will use its best efforts to send each of the Members all information necessary for
the Members to complete their federal and state tax information, returns, and reports and
a copy of the Company’s federal, state, and local tax information or income tax returns and
reports for such year.
5.4 Subchapter S Election. The Company may, upon unanimous consent of the
Members, elect to be treated for income tax purposes as an S Corporation. This designation
may be changed as permitted under the Internal Revenue Code Section 1362(d) and
applicable Regulations.
5.5 Tax Matters Member. Anytime the Company is required to designate or select
a tax matters partner or partnership representative, pursuant to Section 6223 of the Internal
Revenue Code and any regulations issued by the Internal Revenue Service, the Members
must designate one of the Members as the tax matters partner or partnership representative
of the Company and keep such designation in effect at all times.
5.6 Banking. All funds of the Company must be deposited in one or more bank
accounts in the name of the Company with one or more recognized financial institutions.
The Managers are authorized to establish such accounts and complete, sign, and deliver any
banking resolutions reasonably required by the respective financial institutions in order to
establish an account.
6.1 Members and Voting Rights. The Members have the right and power to
vote on all matters with respect to which the Articles of Organization, this Agreement,
or the California Revised Uniform Limited Liability Company Act requires or permits.
Unless otherwise stated in this Agreement (for example, in Section 4.1(c)) or required under
the California Revised Uniform Limited Liability Company Act, the vote of the Members
holding at least a majority of the Voting Interest of the Company is required to approve or
carry out an action.
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by conference call or similar communications equipment. Any action that could be taken
at a meeting may be approved by a consent in writing that describes the action to be taken
and is signed by Members holding the minimum Voting Interest required to approve the
action. If any action is taken without a meeting and without unanimous written consent of
the Members, notice of such action must be sent to each Member that did not consent to the
action.
7.1 Withdrawal. Members may withdraw from the Company prior to the
dissolution and winding up of the Company by: (a) transferring or assigning all of their
Membership Interests; (b) providing written notice to the Company as to the withdrawal;
and (c) providing the Company with the written terms of any transfer or assignment. The
transfer or assignment may not take effect, absent written consent of all of the remaining
Members, until at least 30 days after the written notice and written terms are provided to
the Company. Subject to the provisions of Article 3, a Member that withdraws pursuant
to this Section 7.1 will be entitled to a distribution from the Company in an amount equal
to such Member’s Capital Account, which must be paid by the Company to such Member
within ninety (90) days of the withdrawal date unless otherwise agreed in writing.
7.4 Right of First Refusal. The Company has the right of first refusal with regard
to the transfer or assignment of any Membership Interests, including by way of death, and
has the 30 day period set forth in Section 7.1 or Section 7.2 to give formal written notice if
it is exercising that right. If the Company exercises its right of first refusal, it must either
match the offer being made to the withdrawing or transferring Member as set forth in the
notice provided by that member in Section 7.1 or purchase the Membership Interest at
the internal fair market value set forth in Section 7.5 or at a value the Company and the
withdrawing or transferring Member otherwise agree on. Unless the remaining Members
of the Company unanimously agree otherwise, the Membership Interests purchased from
the withdrawing or transferring Member shall be apportioned to the remaining Members
in direction proportion to their comparative Units of ownership. (In other words, if there
are a total of 100 ownership Units, with the four members owning 40, 30, 20, and 10 Units,
respectively, and the Member owning 20 units withdraws, and the Company exercises its
right of first refusal, the remaining three members would end up owning 50, 37.5, and 12.5
Units, respectively.)
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7.5 Valuation of Company or an Interest in Company.
ARTICLE 8: DISSOLUTION
8.1 Dissolution. The Company will be dissolved upon the first to occur of the
following events:
(i) The vote of the Members holding at least of the Voting Interest of the
Company to the Company;
(iii) The sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets;
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the heirs, successors, and assigns of the member by will or applicable
law.
8.2 No Automatic Dissolution Upon Certain Events. Unless otherwise set forth
in this Agreement or required by applicable law, the death, incapacity, disassociation,
bankruptcy, or withdrawal of a Member will not automatically cause a dissolution of the
Company.
ARTICLE 9: INDEMNIFICATION
9.1 Indemnification. The Company has the power to defend, indemnify, and hold
harmless any Person who was or is a party, or who is threatened to be made a party, to any
Proceeding (as that term is defined below) by reason of the fact that such Person was or is
a Member, Manager, officer, employee, representative, or other agent of the Company, or
was or is serving at the request of the Company as a director, Manager, Governor, officer,
employee, representative or other agent of another limited liability company, corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise (each such Person is referred to as a
“Company Agent”), against Expenses (as that term is defined below), judgments, fines,
settlements, and other amounts (collectively, “Damages”) to the maximum extent now or
hereafter permitted under California law. “Proceeding,” as used in this Article 9, means any
threatened, pending, or completed action, proceeding, individual claim or matter within a
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative. “Expenses,” as used in
this Article 9, includes, without limitation, court costs, reasonable attorney and expert fees,
and any expenses incurred relating to establishing a right to indemnification, if any, under
this Article 9.
9.2 Mandatory. The Company must defend, indemnify and hold harmless
a Company Agent in connection with a Proceeding in which such Company Agent is
involved if, and to the extent, California law requires that a limited liability company
indemnify a Company Agent in connection with a Proceeding.
9.3 Expenses Paid by the Company Prior to Final Disposition. Expenses of each
Company Agent indemnified or held harmless under this Agreement that are actually and
reasonably incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of a Proceeding may be
paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of a Proceeding if authorized by a
vote of the Members that are not seeking indemnification holding a majority of the Voting
Interests (excluding the Voting Interest of the Company Agent seeking indemnification)
or a majority of the Managers that are not seeking indemnification, as the case may be.
Before the Company makes any such payment of Expenses, the Company Agent seeking
indemnification must deliver a written undertaking to the Company stating that such
Company Agent will repay the applicable Expenses to the Company unless it is ultimately
determined that the Company Agent is entitled or required to be indemnified and held
harmless by the Company (as set forth in Sections 9.1 or 9.2 above or as otherwise required
by applicable law).
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ARTICLE 10: GENERAL PROVISIONS
10.2 Entire Agreement; Amendment. This Agreement along with the Articles of
Organization (together, the “Organizational Documents”), constitute the entire agreement
among the Members and replace and supersede all prior written and oral understandings
and agreements with respect to the subject matter of this Agreement, except as otherwise
required by the California Revised Uniform Limited Liability Company Act. There are
no representations, agreements, arrangements, or undertakings, oral or written, between
or among the Members relating to the subject matter of this Agreement that are not fully
expressed in the Organizational Documents. This Agreement may not be modified or
amended in any respect, except in a writing signed by all of the Members, except as
otherwise required or permitted by the California Revised Uniform Limited Liability
Company Act.
10.4 Further Action. Each Member agrees to perform all further acts and execute,
acknowledge, and deliver any documents which may be reasonably necessary, appropriate,
or desirable to carry out the provisions of this Agreement.
10.5 No Third Party Beneficiary. This Agreement is made solely for the benefit
of the parties to this Agreement and their respective permitted successors and assigns,
and no other Person or entity will have or acquire any right by virtue of this Agreement.
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This Agreement will be binding on and inure to the benefit of the parties and their heirs,
personal representatives, and permitted successors and assigns.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed or caused to be executed this
Operating Agreement and do each hereby represent and warrant that their respective
signatory, whose signature appears below, has been and is, on the date of this Agreement,
duly authorized to execute this Agreement.
Dated: __________________________
____________________________________________
Signature of Gaige Boyer Hopkins
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EXHIBIT A
MEMBERS
The Members of the Company and their respective addresses, Capital Contributions,
and Ownership Interests are set forth below. The Members agree to keep this Exhibit A
current and updated in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, including, but not
limited to, Sections 2.1, 2.3, 2.4, 7.1, 7.2, and 10.1.
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EXHIBIT B
MANAGERS
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