Sewage Disposal System
Sewage Disposal System
Sewage Disposal System
4. PUBLIC SEWER LINE – is a public sewage system, operated and maintained by the
government consisting of a sewage treatment plant that conveys the raw sewage from
buildings and houses to a disposal system.
Of these four types of sewage disposal, the cesspool and the privy are already
obsolete. The prevailing types recommended by the sanitary authorities are the Public
Sewer Line and the Septic Tank.
PUBLIC SEWER LINE
The public sewer line is classified into three types according to the kind of waste it
disposes.
1. The Combination Public Sewer – is the oldest type of public sewer that conveys both
storm water and sanitary wastes. This type of public sewer is already obsolete and no
longer allowed by sanitary authorities.
PUBLIC SEWER LINE
2. The Sanitary Sewer – is a public
sewer facility that carries regular
sanitary wastes only. It terminates in
a modern sewage dispersal plant.
Rainwater is not permitted to enter
into this type of public sewer.
These gases are discharged into the atmosphere through the ventilation pipe.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SEPTIC TANK
Septic Tank is constructed from either of the following materials:
1. Reinforced Concrete
2. Plastered Concrete Hollow Blocks
3. Prefabricated Asbestos
4. Thin Metal and Plastic
The most popular and widely used material for construction of septic tank is plastered
concrete hollow blocks or reinforced concrete. Others have not gained acceptance due to the cost
and durability.
General Conditions in Constructing a Septic Tank
1. The concrete or masonry septic tank is usually constructed in a rectangular form. The reason is to
retard the even flow of the waste, that is necessary, to avoid disturbing the decomposition
processes inside the tank.
2. The minimum inside dimension of a septic tank is 90 centimeters wide by 150 centimeters long.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SEPTIC TANK
3. For effective decomposition of the organic materials inside the septic tank, a 120 centimeters depth
of the liquid content is necessary. It is not impractical though, to construct a tank of greater depth,
provided, that the depth should not be deeper than the natural ground water table.
4. The inlet and outlet inverts of the septic tank shall be long turn sanitary tee. The inverts are
installed in the wall of the tank at least 120 centimeters from its bottom floor equally spaced from both
sides.
5. The invert is extended down the liquid of the tank not more than 30 centimeters. This is to assure
smooth delivery of the incoming sewage below the scum line. Scum refers to the lighter organic
materials that rises to the surface of the water.
6. The bottom of the digestion chamber should be sloped to one low point. The purpose is to gather
the settled organic materials into one mass to favor the propagation of the anaerobic bacteria.
7. The septic tank, should be provided with a manhole, extended a few centimeters above the surface
of the soil to overcome infiltration of surface water. This manhole will serve the purpose of cleaning,
inspection and repair of the tank.
8. Septic tank for large plumbing installations are provided with suspended compartment attached to
the ceiling slab of the tank. The baffle plate is extended down the bottom of the tank about 40
centimeters below the scum line. Each compartment of the tank separated by baffle plate is provided
with manhole.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SEPTIC TANK
9. The Septic Tank, should be constructed near the surface of the ground, because the correction of
the waste depends upon the extent of oxidation and the existence of anaerobic bacteria. Another kind
of bacteria that split and digest the effluent is the aerobic bacteria. A kind of bacteria that survive only
in the subsoil not more than 150 centimeters below the surface. Oxidation of the effluent deeper than
150 cm would become extremely difficult.
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