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    Plant Based Leather Sheets

    Uploaded by

    Arvika Bhatia
    The document provides information about developing plant-based leather sheets from rotten mangoes (Fauxkin). It discusses the problems with traditional animal leather production including environmental impact, animal welfare issues, and sustainability concerns. The solution presented is making leather sheets from discarded rotten mangoes using chemical processes like polymerization and dehydration. The methodology involves acquiring raw materials, required machinery, chemical processes for prototyping and deploying the final product. Details of the chemistry components like condensation polymerization and biopolymers are also provided. The document discusses mathematics components like degree of polymerization and formulas to calculate average molecular weights. The aim is to manufacture the sustainable plant-based leather sheets cost-effectively and supply them to businesses to

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Plant Based Leather Sheets

    Uploaded by

    Arvika Bhatia
    57 views18 pages
    The document provides information about developing plant-based leather sheets from rotten mangoes (Fauxkin). It discusses the problems with traditional animal leather production including environmental impact, animal welfare issues, and sustainability concerns. The solution presented is making leather sheets from discarded rotten mangoes using chemical processes like polymerization and dehydration. The methodology involves acquiring raw materials, required machinery, chemical processes for prototyping and deploying the final product. Details of the chemistry components like condensation polymerization and biopolymers are also provided. The document discusses mathematics components like degree of polymerization and formulas to calculate average molecular weights. The aim is to manufacture the sustainable plant-based leather sheets cost-effectively and supply them to businesses to

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    The document provides information about developing plant-based leather sheets from rotten mangoes (Fauxkin). It discusses the problems with traditional animal leather production including environmental impact, animal welfare issues, and sustainability concerns. The solution presented is making leather sheets from discarded rotten mangoes using chemical processes like polymerization and dehydration. The methodology involves acquiring raw materials, required machinery, chemical processes for prototyping and deploying the final product. Details of the chemistry components like condensation polymerization and biopolymers are also provided. The document discusses mathematics components like degree of polymerization and formulas to calculate average molecular weights. The aim is to manufacture the sustainable plant-based leather sheets cost-effectively and supply them to businesses to

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    57 views18 pages

    Plant Based Leather Sheets

    Uploaded by

    Arvika Bhatia
    The document provides information about developing plant-based leather sheets from rotten mangoes (Fauxkin). It discusses the problems with traditional animal leather production including environmental impact, animal welfare issues, and sustainability concerns. The solution presented is making leather sheets from discarded rotten mangoes using chemical processes like polymerization and dehydration. The methodology involves acquiring raw materials, required machinery, chemical processes for prototyping and deploying the final product. Details of the chemistry components like condensation polymerization and biopolymers are also provided. The document discusses mathematics components like degree of polymerization and formulas to calculate average molecular weights. The aim is to manufacture the sustainable plant-based leather sheets cost-effectively and supply them to businesses to

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 18

    Plant Based Leather Sheets

    (Fauxkin)

    Experiential learning Phase I

    Presented by: Under the guidance of:


    Shruti Bhendarkar Dr. Sham Aan M. P.
    1RV22IM051 Department of Chemistry
    RV College of Engineering
    Presentation Outline
    Introduction
    Problem
    Solution
    Methodology
    Process
    Chemistry component
    Mathematics component
    Aim and Impact
    Literature Survey
    References
    EL Phase II
    Presentation
    Introduction
    Outline
    Abstract:
    Leather is a durable and flexible material made from the hides or skins of animals through a process
    known as tanning. The most common sources of leather are cattle (cowhide), sheep (sheepskin), goats
    (goatskin), pigs (pigskin), and various other animals. Leather is widely used in various industries, including
    fashion (clothing, shoes, handbags), upholstery (furniture, car seats), and accessories (belts, wallets). It is
    valued for its combination of strength, beauty, and versatility. However, the leather industry also faces
    concerns related to sustainability, ethical sourcing, and environmental impact, which has led to the
    development of alternative materials like synthetic leather and sustainable leather alternatives.
    Plant-based leather, is an alternative material designed to mimic the look and feel of traditional animal
    leather without using animal products. It is a sustainable and cruelty-free option for those who want the
    aesthetic and tactile qualities of leather without the ethical or environmental concerns associated with
    animal leather. While these materials offer a more eco-friendly choice, there are ongoing efforts to
    improve their performance, durability, and recyclability to make them even more sustainable.
    Fauxkin leather sheets are an innovation in this direction where we use rotten mangoes to make our plant
    based leather sheets(PBLS).

    Keywords:
    Leather, sustainability, plant based leather, PBLS, Fauxkin.
    Presentation
    Problem Outline
    The Environmental Impact: Leather production has a substantial environmental
    footprint. The tanning process often involves the use of toxic chemicals, such as
    chromium and other heavy metals. 650 million kilos of Co2 emissions annually.
    Animal Welfare: Animals are subjected to inhumane conditions, overcrowding, and
    harsh treatment. More than a billion animals slaughtered every year.
    Water Usage: Leather production consumes large amounts of water, both in raising
    livestock and in the tanning process. 400 billion litres of water annually.
    Waste Generation: Leather production generates a significant amount of waste,
    including animal by-products and trimmings.
    Sustainability Concerns: Traditional leather is often criticized for not being sustainable
    due to the resource-intensive nature of the industry.
    Cost: High-quality traditional leather products can be expensive due to the labor-
    intensive processes involved in leather production.
    Presentation
    SolutionOutline
    Fauxkin is a marriage of innovation and
    sustainability with transformation at its
    heart to bring about a positive change in
    the fashion industry.
    Fauxkin offers an innovative way to
    address the challenges faced by the
    traditional leather industry and provide
    environmentally friendly and cruelty-free
    leather options.
    We repurpose rotten mangoes, which
    are discarded as waste, to create our
    plant based leather sheets.
    Presentation
    Methodology
    Outline
    Raw
    materials 1.Acquiring raw materials: Mainly rotten mangoes and biopolymers.

    Machinery 2.Machinery required: Destoner, grinder, dehydrator, laminator, texture machine.

    Chemical
    3.Chemical processes involved: Polymerisation, Dehydration, Coating.
    process

    Prototyping 4.Prototyping: Research: Rapid prototyping and tests.

    5.Deploying the product: Out in the market for sale.


    Deploying
    Presentation
    ProcessOutline

    Destoning: Destoning refers to the process of removing the stone, seed, or


    pit from fruits or other food items.
    Crushing and grinding: Creating mango paste involves crushing and grinding
    the mangoes into a smooth, thick, and uniform consistency.
    Polymerisation: Adding bipolymers to make a sheet out of the mango paste
    by condensation polymerisation.
    Dehydration: It is a process that involves removing the moisture from mango
    puree to create a durable sheet.
    Finishing: Dyeing, texturising, embossing, antiquing, distressing, glossing,
    etc. Can be de decorative or functional or both.
    Presentation
    Chemistry Outline
    component
    Polymerization:
    It is a chemical process in which small molecules, called monomers, are chemically bonded
    together to form larger molecules known as polymers. This process involves the repetitive
    linking or chaining of monomers through covalent bonds, resulting in the formation of long and
    complex macromolecules. Polymers can vary in size from relatively small molecules to
    extremely large ones, depending on the number of monomers involved in the reaction.
    There are two primary types of polymerization processes:
    1.Addition (Chain-Growth) Polymerization
    2.Condensation (Step-Growth) Polymerization:
    Condensation polymerization involves the formation of polymers through the elimination of
    small molecules (such as water, alcohol, or hydrogen chloride) as byproducts during the
    reaction.
    Why polymerisation?
    The properties of polymers can be tailored by adjusting the type of monomers used, the
    polymerization conditions, and any additives or modifiers included in the process, making
    them versatile materials with a wide range of uses.
    Presentation
    Chemistry Outline
    component
    Condensation polymerization, also known as step-growth polymerization, is a chemical
    process in which monomers join together to form a polymer while simultaneously releasing a
    small molecule, typically water (H2O), as a byproduct.

    Biopolymers
    These are polymers that are produced by living organisms or are derived from renewable
    resources such as plants and microorganisms. Unlike synthetic polymers, which are typically
    derived from petrochemical sources, biopolymers are more environmentally friendly because
    they are often biodegradable and can be produced using sustainable methods.
    Presentation
    Chemistry Outline
    component
    Polysaccharides are carbohydrate polymers consisting of tens to hundreds to several
    thousand monosaccharide units. All of the common polysaccharides contain glucose
    as the monosaccharide unit. Polysaccharides are synthesized by plants, animals, and
    humans to be stored for food, structural support, or metabolized for energy.
    Cellulose is a linear polysaccharide polymer with many glucose monosaccharide units.
    Starch is a natural polymer composed of glucose molecules linked together through
    glycosidic bonds. While starch itself can be considered a polymer, it is often used as a
    starting material for various polymerization processes to create modified starches or
    starch-based polymers. Eg.Polylactic acid (PLA) What makes cellulose different from
    starch is the beta acetal linkage in it.
    Presentation
    Maths component
    Outline
    Degree of Polymerisation(DP):
    A polymer will ultimately have repeating units since it binds multiple monomer units. This number of repeating units helps to determine
    physical and chemical properties of a polymer and vary depending on the polymer and its molecular weight. Hence, calculation of the
    number of repeating unit, or the degree of polymerization (DP) is very important in the polymer industry.
    The degree of polymerization can be calculated by using the following relationship if a molecular weight of a polymer molecule is known.
    M= (DP) M0
    M is the molecular weight of the polymer, DP is the degree of polymerization and the M0 is the formula weight of the repeating unit.
    Ex: calculate the degree of polymerization of a sample of polyethylene [ (CH2-CH2)n], which has a molecular weight of 150,000 g/mol.
    The molecular weight of a repeating unit, Mo= (12 x 2 + 1 x 4) g/ mol = 28 g/mol
    DP = M/Mo = 150,000 g/mol / 28 g/mol = 5.35 x 103
    The particular molecule contains 5.35 x 103 of repeat units.
    When considering the molecular weight of a polymer for the above calculation, we usually take either the number average molecular
    weight (Mn) or weight average molecular weight (Mw).
    Formula to Calculate Number Average Molecular Weight:
    The number average molecular weight can be determined by,
    Mn= Σ xi Mi
    xi is the fraction of the total number of chains within each range, and Mi is the mean molecular weight of each size range of polymer
    chains.
    Formula to Calculate Weight Average Molecular Weight:
    The weight average molecular weight can be determined by,
    Mw= Σ fi Mi
    fi is the weight fraction of the polymer chains, and Mi is again the mean molecular weight of each range.
    Presentation
    Maths component
    Outline
    Statistics and graphs related(Matlab simulation):
    Presentation
    Maths component
    Outline
    Price of the machinery:
    Presentation
    Aim and Impact
    Outline
    Aim: SDGs:
    We aim to manufacture our sustainable plant-based leather sheets in a
    cost effective manner and supply it to businesses.
    Impact:
    Contribute in the reduction of resource wastage
    Help in reduction of waste production & also carbon emissions.
    We also promote circular economy wherein we repurpose agricultural
    waste (mangoes unfit for consumption) into valuable products. This
    promotes resource efficiency and contributes a more sustainable
    economic model.
    More specifically, we will extend support to local farmers and fruit
    processors, empower more artisans and women.
    We aim to raise environmental awareness amongst consumers which
    will lead to broader consciousness about responsible fashion choices.
    Presentation
    Literature Survey
    Outline
    Presentation
    References
    Outline
    [1] "Apple Leather - What is it? How is it made? Why use it?".
    Oliver Co. London. Retrieved 2023-04-17.

    [2] Campbell, Lindsay (2019-11-30). "Two Friends From Mexico


    Developed A Synthetic Leather Made From Cactus". Modern
    Farmer. Retrieved 2023-04-17

    [3] Cork Leather - Vegan Leather Supplier - HZCORK". 2021-09-


    03. Retrieved 2023-04-17.
    Presentation
    EL PhaseOutline
    II

    More Specific Chemistry Component relating to plant-based


    leather (providing more polymerization details).

    Providing exact mathematical ratios on the amount of raw


    materials added.

    The final prototype and products crafted from the


    sheet(applications).
    THANK YOU.

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