PHONETIC SYMBOLS

CONSONANTS:

/p/ parrot,open, opposite, help

/t/ tea, better, set

K-C
/k/ key, skirt, pick(K) K:kite

C: cloudy(C)

/b/ ball, rabbit, cab

/d/ dog, middle,hard

/g/ go, foggy, leg G

/dʒ/ gin, garaje, generation

v/ voice, lovely

S-C
S:safe

/s/ snake, city, password,place SC: science, muscle

SK: scream, scare

C: city

S:sure

/ʃ/ she, machine, finish(sh) SH:she

-TION: presentation

/z/ zoo, reason, rose

 TH
/θ/ thing, nothing, path

/ð/ that, mother,teeth

CH-T
/tʃ/ children, nature, match
-TURE: nature

/x/ KS: fix, fox

GZ: example, exit

S/G
/ʒ/ television, pleasure -SION: televisión

-SURE: pleasure

/l/ like,alive,bell

/m/ money, summer, jam

/n/ nice,know, any,tin

NG
/ŋ / angry, sing

/r/ red, write, married,

SILENT: hour
who, hot, perhaps
/h/ NON SILENT: hat
hour, honest

yellow, year Y/U

/j/
University/ju:/
 /w/ winter,why,snowing

VOWELS

/æ/ cat

/ɑː/ car, fast

/ʌ/ cup

/e/ egg

El sonido vocálico mas común en inglés.Se llama Schwa.Es un

/ə/ present sonido muy suave y relajado,no acentuado y que a menudo se
pierde.

Sonido parecido al “er” español pero más alargado y dicho de

/ɜː/ bird
forma más suave.(es una schwa larga)

I/Y
fish, if,English
/ɪ/
happy

/iː/ tea, sheep,we

/ɒ/ box

/ɔː/ short,walk,saw

U/W
/ʊ/ bull, football
Town, window/u/

/uː/ boot
DIPTHONGS

/aɪ/ bike

/aʊ/ shout, down

/eɪ/ train,break,change,away

/eə/ air,there,square

/ɪə/ beer,ear,here

/ɔɪ/ point, boy

/əʊ/ open,phone,coat

/ʊə/ tourist,sure

TRIPTHONGS

/aʊə/ our, flower, tower, shower

/əiə/ fire, society, liar

/eiə/ greyer, layer

SPELLING OF ENGLISH VOWELS

/i:/ ee e ie tree be
thief
ey, ei i
seize,key
machine

/i/ y, i e ie y sit pretty Excepción Sunday

ladies city Build Women
a village meaning England

business
/e/ e ea a set dead Excepción
many
says said bury
Geoffrey

again

/æ/ a ai sat plait cat

/ʌ/ u o ou oo sun
oe
son, come
country blood
does

/a:/ a+doble
consonante
pass clerk calm
casi
siempre aunt

ar ear al car, heart, clerk,

er, au launch

/ɒ/ o a ou dog walls cough

au because

/ ɔː / or aw cord, floor raw

ou, au a bought,daughter
all
ore oar our
before board
four

/u/ u o oo put woman

good
ou
could

/u:/ Oo o u ou food do rude

group
ew,ue ui,oe
chew, blue juice,
shoe
 /3:/ Ir er,err,ear bird
ur,urr serve,earth,her
turn, purr word
or our
journey

/ə/ -er prefer

SPELLING OF DIPTHONGS

/ei/ a ai,ay ei,ey ape

ea day, rain eight, day great

/ai/ i, y time, dry light

i+gh ye, ie ei bye, tie either

/ɔɪ/ oi noise

oy enjoy

/au/ ou house

ow cow

/əu/ o oa oe go boat toe

ou ow soul know

/iə/ eer ear ere eir ier ir deer dear here weird fierce Nadir idea
ea ia eu
Canadian museum theological
eo

/eə/ air ear pair bear

are care
 /ʊə/ oor ure ur our poor sure curious tour truant fluency

ua+consonante jewel
ue+consonante

ewe+consonante

TERMINACIONES PASADOS REGULARES

-ED: /t/:p,x,ss,k,p,s,f,sh,ch:walked

/d/: resto de las consonants + las vocales: desired, played

/id/:t,d: decided, fitted

Con los infinitivos de aquellos verbos que terminan en p, f, k, s (como “Look”) la terminación
“-ed” la pronunciamos como una t sorda.

Con los infinitivos que finalizan en vocal, n, b, g, l, m, n, v, z (como “Clean”) la terminación “-

ed” la pronunciamos como una d sonora.

Con los infinitivos que acaban en d, t (como “End”) la terminación “-ed” la pronunciamos
como una id sonora.

TERMINACIONES PLURAL

-S: /iz/: buses

/s/: p,t,k,f,th:tops

/z/:mums

Pronuntiation of W

/w/ is a difficult sound for many learners of English. Start by practising the /u:/ sound – your
mouth makes the same shape when you say /u:/ and /w/.
uuu … where
/w/ is silent when it comes before r: write, wrong
/w/ can be silent when it comes before h and o: two, who

Underline the letters that make the /w/ sound.

1 There were two women next to the window.
2 Are you going to wear that coat for the whole winter?
3 Where were you when I was at my swimming lesson?
4 I want to write on this white paper.
5 Who is with you?
6 Are we walking in the wrong direction?

STRESS
Stress in two-syllable nouns

1. We usually pronounce two-syllable nouns with the stress on the first part of the word:
Insect, raven

Say the two-syllable words below. Mark the stressed syllable. .

1 mountain
2 chicken
3 eagle
4 desert
5 monkey
6 cactus
7 tiger
8 rabbit
9 flower
10 pigeon

2. We pronounce a few words with the stress on the second syllable.

Giraffe, hotel

Stress in compound nouns

1. When we put two words together, they are called compound nouns. For compound
nouns, the stress is on the first word.

swimming + pool = swimming pool

chocolate + cake = chocolate cake
ice + cream = ice cream

Match words 1–8 to words a–h to make names for places in a town. Mark the stressed word.
1 train a.centre
2 leisure b.station
3 police c.stop
4 bus d.shop
5 shopping e.stadium
6 football f.centre
7 swimming g.station
8 clothes h.pool

Complete the pairs of compound nouns with the words below. Then mark the sressed word.

station ball room book

1 bath
bed
2 train
bus
3 text
exercise
4 foot
volley

Stress in quantities

We don’t stress of in quantities. We pronounce it /əv/ and we link it to the final consonant
sound of the word before.
a bottle of water

Pay attention to the pronunciation of of. Practise saying the food quantities with the correct
pronunciation and linking of of.

1 a loaf of bread
2 a bottle of milk
3 a carton of milk
4 a slice of pizza
5 a can of cola
6 a tin of tomatoes
7 a jar of juice
8 a packet of crisps
9 a kilo of apples
10 a litre of milk

Pronuntiation of negative forms

In spoken English, was / wasn’t, were / weren’t and could / couldn’t are usually weak forms and
the negative forms are often contracted.

1 /wəz/ Who was at the party?

2 /wɒznt/ Tim wasn’t there.
3 /wə/ My parents were happy.
4 /wɜ:nt/ They weren’t rich.
5 /kəd/ He could dance well.
6 /kʊ[d]nt/ I couldn’t watch TV last night.

Pronuntiation of can and can’t

Look at the pronunciation and stress of can and can’t in these sentences.

I can run fast. /kən/ I can’t run fast. /ka:nt/ Can you run fast? /kæn/
Underline the stressed words.

1 I can’t act.
2 Carl can swim.
3 Can Sally sing?
4 I can’t ride a bike.
5 Can they speak French?
6 Lisa can play football.

Phrasal verbs

When we say phrasal verbs, we usually link the words and this can make them difficult to
understand.

Let’s work it out.

Can you pick it up, please?

Complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs below. Read them paying
attention to the links between the words in the phrasal verbs.
come up with/ find out about /go ahead/ look up/ put together /set up

1 I usually--------------------- information online.

2 Can you---------------------------- a report, please?
3 You need to------------------------- a plan.
4 Liz is going to------------------------ prices later.
5 Dad is going to----------------------------- a new business.
6 We’re going to----------------------------- with our plans.

Pronunciation of have in present perfect

When we use the present perfect we usually use contractions.

I’ve = /aɪv/ haven’t = /hævənt/
He’s = / hi:z/ hasn’t = /hæzənt/
In questions, the weak form is used. In short answers, have and has are strong.
/həv/
Have you seen the new Bond film?
/hæv/ /hvæənt/
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
ever /evə/ and never /nevə/ end with the sound /ə/.

Read the questions and answers. Underline the weak forms of have.
1 ‘Have you swum in a lake?’ ‘Yes, I have.’
2 ‘Has she visited Thailand?’ ‘No, she hasn’t.’
3 ‘Have you ever been to Egypt?’ ‘Yes, we have.’
4 ‘Have your parents seen the Eiffel Tower?’ ‘No, they haven’t.’
5 ‘Has David won the match?’ ‘Yes, he has!’

Word linking
When we speak quickly, we often link words together:
a We link one word to the next if the first word ends with a consonant sound and the second
begins with a vowel sound.
a bag of potatoes
b When one word ends with a vowel sound and the next word begins with a vowel, too, we
sometimes add a /w/ or /j/ sound between them to make a smooth transition.
a few apples not many eggs
/w/ /j/
c In British English, the letter ‘r’ after a vowel sound at the end of a word is often not
pronounced. However, when the following word begins with a vowel, the /r/sound is
pronounced to make a smooth transition.
a jar of jam
/r/

Word stress and syllables: compound nouns and adjectives

In English, if a word has got two or more syllables, one of the syllables sounds louder, longer
and clearer than the others. It is called the stressed syllable. For example, the words kitchen,
messy and hoover have two syllables, but only the first one is stressed.

Underline the stressed syllable .

1 computer recycling important
2 modern rubbish cottage
3 detached machine shampoo
4 balcony caravan decorate

Underline the stressed syllable

1 cellar 2 confident 3 hotel 4 imagine 5 address 6 popular
Diphthongs and rhyming words

A diphthong is a combination of two vowel sounds pronounced together, for example, /eɪ/ as in
play /pleɪ/and /əʊ/ as in cold /kəʊld/.
The first vowel sound is always longer than the second. There are eight diphthongs in English,
but one of them is hardly ever used. Many native speakers use /ɔ:/ instead of /ʊə/. For
example, poor is usually pronounced /pɔ:/ instead of /pʊə/.

Study the sound symbols. Write an example word for each diphthong.
1 /eɪ/ 5 /eə/
2 /aɪ/ 6 /ʊə/
3 /ɔɪ/ 7 /əʊ/
4 /ɪə/ 8 /aʊ/

Strong and weak forms of must, have to and should

When we speak fast, we make some words weak. The weak words are not stressed, and they
have often got the vowel sound /ə/. This is the most common vowel sound in English.For
example:

a bigger number
/ə/ /ə/ /ə/

Modal verbs of obligation and advice, such as must, have to and should, are often weak in fast
speech. We always use the strong form of must and should in short answers.

Must mustn´t should shouldn´t

Strong /mʌst/ /ˈmʌsənt/ /ʃʊd/ /ˈʃʊdənt/
Weak /məst/ /ʃəd/

Pronunciation of be
Strong and weak forms of be. .
strong weak
is /ɪz/ /z/ or /s/
are /ɑ:/ /ə/
was /wɒz/ /wəz/
were /wɜ:/ /wə/
has been /haz bi:n/ /həz bɪn/
have been /hav bi:n/ /həv bɪn/

Vowel sounds and diphthongs

In many English words, the spelling is different from the pronunciation. The same letters can
sometimes represent different sounds, for example: fun, fur, put, rude. In many cases, different
letters are used to represent the same sound, for example: let, heavy, friend, bury, said.
There are only twenty-six letters in the alphabet, but they represent over forty-four different
sounds. Spoken English has a very high number of vowel sounds. There are twelve single
vowels and eight diphthongs.

What is the difference between the sounds in A and the sounds in B?

A /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /ə/ /ʌ/ /ɒ/ /e/ /a/
B /i:/ /u:/ /ɜ:/ /ɑ:/ /ɔ:/
Write the example words for the written sounds.
1 /ɪ/ 7 /ɑ:/
2 /i:/ 8 /ʌ/
3 /ɜ:/ 9 /ɔ:/
4 /ə/ 10 /ɒ/
5 /u:/ 11 /e/
6 /ʊ/ 12 /a/

Match the words in each pair to the correct pronunciation.

1 hat a /hɑ:t/
heart b /hat/
2 foot a /fʊt/
food b /fu:d/
3 short a /ʃɒt/
shot b /ʃɔ:t/
4 fit a /fi:t/
feet b /fɪt/
5 head a /hed/
heard b /hɜ:d/
6 ugly a /əˈgeɪn/
again b /ˈʌgli/
A diphthong is a combination of two vowel sounds pronounced together. Choose
the diphthong that matches the sound of the underlined letters.
1 overweight /eɪ/ /aɪ/ 5 blonde-haired /ɪə/ /eə/
2 emotional /aʊ/ /əʊ/ 6 foreground /aʊ/ /əʊ/
3 here /ɪə/ /eə/ 7 stylish /eɪ/ /aɪ/
4 noisy /ɔɪ/ /əʊ/ 8 tour /əʊ/ /ʊə/

Consonant sounds
There are twenty-four consonant sounds in English. Many of the letters in the alphabet
correspond to the consonant sounds they represent, for example /h/ as in holiday, /s/ as in
sun, /l/ as in lazy, etc. However, in some cases, the letters do not correspond to the sounds,
for example:
/d/ there /ʃ/ shop
/θ/ things /ʧ/ church
/w/ where /ʒ/ television
/j/ yacht /ŋ/ swimming, sink
/ʤ/ journey /k/ book, public, school

Study the underlined letters in the words below. Think about the sounds they represent.

adventure bathroom carriage cheap nowhere drinks Europe excursion expedition Germany
long way north special that usually yesterday together

Write the words.

1 /jʌŋ/
2 /θaŋks/
3 /ˈfɜ:də/
4 /ʃɔ:/
5 /ˈleʒə/
6 /ʧaɪld/
7 /ʤʌʤ/
8 /ˈsɪŋə/

Word stress in three- and four-syllable words

To find the number of syllables in a word, we count the vowel sounds. Each syllable contains a
single vowel sound or a diphthong, and at least one consonant. The number of syllables in a
word does not depend on the number of letters. For example:
one syllable: strengths /streŋθs/
two syllables: city /ˈsɪti/
three syllables: elegant /ˈelɪɡənt/
four syllables: education /edʒuˈkeɪʃ[ə]n/
In English, if a word has two or more syllables, one of the syllables is always stressed more
than the others.

Count the number of syllables in each word and underline the stressed one.
1 difficult 2 entertainment 3 expedition 4 rapidly 5 sportsmanship 6 unattractive

Underline the stressed syllable in these three-syllable words.

1 astonished 2 discipline 3 disembark 4 ecstatic 5 interested 6 miserable 7 overweight

Underline the stressed syllable in these four-syllable words.

1.apprehensive 2. devastated 3.disadvantage 4.environment 5.independence 6.innovative

7.obviously 8.photography 9.relatively 10.self-sacrifice spectacular

Word stress in word families

In word families, the number of syllables changes when we add a prefix or a suffix to the root
word. This sometimes affects the stressed syllable.
In some word families, the same group of sounds is stressed. For example:
promote promotion promoter
In others, a different group of sounds is stressed. For example:
advertise advertisement advertiser

Underline the stressed syllable in the words.

1 atlantic transatlantic
2 cycle tricycle
3 eaten overeaten
4 footballer ex-footballer
5 market supermarket
6 mature premature
7 syllable monosyllable
8 weekly biweekly

Silent letters
A silent letter is a letter that appears in a word but is not pronounced. Silent letters can be
vowels or consonants, for example in friend /frend/, the letter i is silent and in island /ˈaɪlənd/,
the letter s is silent. Some words contain more than one silent letter, for example in knowledge
/ˈnɒlɪʤ/, the letters k, w and e are silent.
Write the words. Compare the spelling to the pronunciation and cross out the silent letters.
1 /ˈɑːnsə/ 6 /ˈnaɪf/
2 /ˈɒnɪst/ 7 /jʌŋ/

3 /ˈkʌbəd/ 8 /ˈsɪzəz/

4 /draʊt/ 9 /ˈhænsəm/

5 /ˈdɪfrənt/ 10 /nʌm/

Cross out the silent letters in the following words.

1 advertisement 5 design

2 business 6 government

3 campaign 7 overwhelming

4 comfortable 8 sample
In English, the final e of a word is usually silent. It is only pronounced in words borrowed from
foreign languages, for example café /ˈkafeɪ/. However, the silent final e sometimes influences
the pronunciation of the vowel that occurs before it. When a word ends in vowel +consonant +
e, the vowel is often pronounced in the same way as we say the corresponding letter. Compare
the vowel sounds in these pairs of words:
rat /rat/ − rate /reɪt/
sit /sɪt/ − site /saɪt/
not /nɒt/ − note /nəʊt/
hug /hʌɡ/ − huge /hjuːdʒ/

Choose the correct pronunciation of the vowel that occurs before the silent final e in these
words.
1 advice /ɪ/ /aɪ/ 7 promote /ɒ/ /əʊ/

2 compete /e/ /i:/ 8 promise /ɪ/ /aɪ/

3 image /ɪ/ /eɪ/ 9 purchase /ə/ /eɪ/

4 persuade /ə/ /eɪ/ 10 recognize /ɪ/ /aɪ/

5 massive /ɪ/ /aɪ/ 11 headache /æ/ /eɪ/

6 perfume /ʌ/ /u:/ 12 worldwide /ɪ/ /aɪ/

SOLUTIONS EJERCICIOS STRESS

1.Pronuntiation of W
1 There were two women next to the window.
2 Are you going to wear that coat for the whole winter?
3 Where were you when I was at my swimming lesson?
4 I want to write on this white paper.
5 Who is with you?
6 Are we walking in the wrong direction
2.STRESS IN COMPOUND NOUNS
train station,leisure centre, pólice station, bus station, shopping centre, football stadium,
swimming pool, clothes shop (el acento siempre en la primera word)

1 bathroom
bedroom
2 train station
Bus station
3 textbook
exercisebook
4 football
volleyball
(el acento siempre en la primera word)

3. Stress in quantities
Siempre se pronuncia /əv/ y se une a la siguiente consonante de la palabra que sigue

4.Pronuntiation of can and can’t

1 I can’t act. /ka:nt/
2 Carl can swim. /kən/
3 Can Sally sing? /kæn/
4 I can’t ride a bike. /ka:nt/
5 Can they speak French? /kæn/
6 Lisa can play football. /kən/
5.PHRASAL VERBS
come up with/ find out about /go ahead/ look up/ put together /set up

1 I usually--------------------- information online.LOOK IT UP

2 Can you---------------------------- a report, please?PUT TOGETHER
3 You need to------------------------- a plan.COME UP WITH
4 Liz is going to------------------------ prices later.FIND OUT ABOUT
5 Dad is going to----------------------------- a new business.SET UP
6 We’re going to----------------------------- with our plansGO AHEAD

Pronunciation of have in present perfect

When we use the present perfect we usually use contractions.

I’ve = /aɪv/ haven’t = /hævənt/
He’s = / hi:z/ hasn’t = /hæzənt/
In questions, the weak form is used. In short answers, have and has are strong.
/həv/
Have you seen the new Bond film?
/hæv/ /hævənt/
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
ever /evə/ and never /nevə/ end with the sound /ə/.

Read the questions and answers. Underline the weak forms of have.
1 ‘Have you swum in a lake?’ ‘Yes, I have.’
2 ‘Has she visited Thailand?’ ‘No, she hasn’t.’
3 ‘Have you ever been to Egypt?’ ‘Yes, we have.’
4 ‘Have your parents seen the Eiffel Tower?’ ‘No, they haven’t.’
5 ‘Has David won the match?’ ‘Yes, he has!’

Word stress and syllables: compound nouns and adjectives

In English, if a word has got two or more syllables, one of the syllables sounds louder, longer
and clearer than the others. It is called the stressed syllable. For example, the words kitchen,
messy and hoover have two syllables, but only the first one is stressed.

Underline the stressed syllable .

1 computer recycling important
2 modern rubbish cottage
3 detached machine shampoo
4 balcony caravan decorate

Underline the stressed syllable

1 cellar 2 confident 3 hotel 4 imagine 5 address 6 popular

Diphthongs and rhyming words

Study the sound symbols. Write an example word for each diphthong.
1 /eɪ/ gay came 5 /eə/air,there
2 /aɪ/time,dry 6 /ʊə/open,phone
3 /ɔɪ/ boy,toy7 /əʊ/go,boat
4 /ɪə/ beer,ear 8 /aʊ/shout,down
Vowel sounds and diphthongs
What is the difference between the sounds in A and the sounds in B?UNOS SONIDOS SON
LARGOS Y OTROS CORTOS
A /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /ə/ /ʌ/ /ɒ/ /e/ /a/
B /i:/ /u:/ /ɜ:/ /ɑ:/ /ɔ:/
Write the example words for the written sounds.
1 /ɪ/SHIP 7 /ɑ:/HEART
2 /i:/SHEEP 8 /ʌ/FUN
3 /ɜ:/TURN 9 /ɔ:/CALL
4 /ə/PREFER 10 /ɒ/SHOP
5 /u:/FOOD 11 /e/HEAD
6 /ʊ/BOOK 12 /æ/CAT

Match the words in each pair to the correct pronunciation.

1 hat a /hat//
heart b /hɑ:t/
2 foot a /fʊt/
food b /fu:d/
3 short a /ʃɔ:t/
shot b /ʃɒt/
4 fit a /fɪt/
feet b /fi:t/
5 head a /hed/
heard b /hɜ:d/
6 ugly a /ˈʌgli/
again b /əˈgeɪn/
A diphthong is a combination of two vowel sounds pronounced together. Choose
the diphthong that matches the sound of the underlined letters.
1 overweight /eɪ/ /aɪ/ 5 blonde-haired /ɪə/ /eə/
2 emotional /aʊ/ /əʊ/ 6 foreground /aʊ/ /əʊ/
3 here /ɪə/ /eə/ 7 stylish /eɪ/ /aɪ/
4 noisy /ɔɪ/ /əʊ/ 8 tour /əʊ/ /ʊə/
Consonant sounds
Study the underlined letters in the words below. Think about the sounds they represent.

adventure/ʧ/ bathroom/θ/ carriage/ʤ/ cheap/ʧ/ nowhere/w/ drinks/ŋ/ Europe /ju:/

excursion /ʒ/ expedition /ʃ/Germany/ʤ/long /ŋ/ way/w/ north /θ/ special /ʃ/ that/ð/
usually/ʒ/ yesterday/j/ together/ð/

Write the words.

1 /jʌŋ/young 2 /θaŋks/thanks 3 /ˈfɜ: ðə/further 4 /ʃɔ:/shore 5 /ˈleʒə/leisure 6
/ʧaɪld/child 7 /ʤʌʤ/church 8 /ˈsɪŋə/singer

Word stress in three- and four-syllable words

Count the number of syllables in each word and underline the stressed one.
1 difficult(3) 2 entertainment(4) 3 expedition(4) 4 rapidly(3) 5 sportsmanship(3)
6 unattractive(4)

Underline the stressed syllable in these four-syllable words.

1.apprehensive 2. devastated 3.disadvantage 4.environment 5.independence 6.innovative

7.obviously 8.photography 9.relatively 10.self-sacrifice spectacular

Word stress in word families

Underline the stressed syllable in the words.
1 atlantic transatlantic
2 cycle tricycle
3 eaten overeaten
4 footballer ex-footballer
5 market supermarket
6 mature premature
7 syllable monosyllable
8 weekly biweekly/´baiwi:kli/

Silent letters
Write the words. Compare the spelling to the pronunciation and cross out the silent letters.
1 /ˈɑːnsə/ answer(r-s) 6 /ˈnaɪf/knife (k-e)
2 /ˈɒnɪst/ honest (h ) 7 /jʌŋ/young (g)
3 /ˈkʌbəd/ cupboard (p-r) 8 /ˈsɪzəz/scissors (c-r)
4 /ˈɔːtəm/ autumn (n) 9 /ˈhænsəm/handsome (d-e)
5 /ˈdɪfrənt/ different (e) 10 /kɑːm/calm (l)

Cross out the silent letters in the following words.

1 advertisement (r-e) 5 design (g)

2 business (primera i) 6 government(r-n)

3 campaign (g) 7 overwhelming(r-h-g)

4 comfortable (r-e) 8 sample(e)

Choose the correct pronunciation of the vowel that occurs before the silent final e in these
words.
1 advice /aɪ/ 7 promote /əʊ/
2 compete /i:/ 8 promise /ɪ/
3 image /ɪ/ 9 purchase /ə/
4 persuade /eɪ/ 10 recognize /aɪ/
5 massive /ɪ/ 11 headache /eɪ/
6 perfume /u:/ 12 worldwide /aɪ//