TRACE™GC Ultra K Factor Quick Reference

Helium Carrier Gas Expected K Factors Values

COLUMN ID (mm)
The tables on this card indicate 0.10 0.15 0.18 0.20 0.22 0.25 0.32 0.53
the expected K factors for col-
umns of ideal dimensions when 2.5 5.55 1.095 0.53 0.347 0.237 0.142 0.053
using helium, hydrogen, or 5 11.1 2.19 1.06 0.694 0.474 0.284 0.106 0.014
nitrogen as a carrier gas. Use
this information when interpret- 6 13.3 2.63 1.27 0.833 0.569 0.341 0.127 0.017

ing results from a Column Eval- 7 15.5 3.07 1.48 0.971 0.663 0.398 0.148 0.020
uation.
8 17.8 3.51 1.69 1.11 0.758 0.455 0.169 0.022
Deviations from this chart will
occur due to dimensional toler-
9 20.0 3.95 1.90 1.25 0.853 0.511 0.191 0.025

ances. 10 22.2 4.39 2.11 1.39 0.948 0.568 0.212 0.028

For example, a 30 m x 0.25 mm 15 6.58 3.17 2.08 1.42 0.852 0.318 0.042
column will typically give K fac- 20 8.77 4.23 2.78 1.90 1.14 0.423 0.056
tors of 1.5–2.0. Large deviations
from the expected values will 25 11.0 5.29 3.47 2.37 1.42 0.529 0.070
indicate leaks in the septum or 30 13.2 6.34 4.16 2.84 1.70 0.635 0.084
COLUMN LENGTH (m)

column ferrule or a plugging of

the column at the inlet or exit 35 15.3 7.40 4.86 3.32 1.99 0.741 0.098

points. 40 17.5 8.46 5.55 3.79 2.27 0.847 0.113

Refer to Chapter 15 of the 45 19.7 9.52 6.24 4.26 2.56 0.953 0.127
TRACE™ GC Ultra Operating
Manual for more information
50 21.9 10.6 6.94 4.74 2.84 1.06 0.141

about column evaluation. 55 24.1 11.6 7.63 5.21 3.13 1.16 0.155

60 12.7 8.33 5.69 3.41 1.27 0.169

65 13.7 9.02 6.16 3.69 1.38 0.183

HOME 70 14.8 9.71 6.63 3.98 1.48 0.197

75 15.9 10.4 7.11 4.26 1.59 0.211

80 16.9 11.1 7.58 4.55 1.69 0.225

85 18.0 11.8 8.06 4.83 1.80 0.239

90 19.0 12.5 8.53 5.11 1.91 0.253

95 20.1 13.2 9.00 5.40 2.01 0.267

© 2004 Thermo Electron S.p.A. 100 21.1 13.9 9.48 5.68 2.12 0.281
All rights reserved. 105 22.2 14.6 9.95 5.97 2.22 0.295
Printed in ITALY.
PN 31709241 Rev. G April 2004
 Nitrogen and Hydrogen Carrier Gas Expected K Factors Values
COLUMN ID (mm)
0.10 0.15 0.18 0.20 0.22 0.25 0.32 0.53
N2 H2 N2 H2 N2 H2 N2 H2 N2 H2 N2 H2 N2 H2 N2 H2
2.5 4.95 2.49 0.98 0.492 0.471 0.237 0.309 0.155 0.2155 0.106 0.126 0.063 0.047 0.023

5 9.90 4.98 1.96 0.984 0.943 0.474 0.619 0.311 0.423 0.213 0.253 0.127 0.094 0.047 0.012

6 11.9 5.98 2.35 1.18 1.13 0.569 0.743 0.374 0.507 0.255 0.304 0.153 0.113 0.057 0.015

7 13.9 6.97 2.74 1.38 1.32 0.664 0.866 0.436 0.592 0.298 0.355 0.178 0.132 0.066 0.017

8 15.8 7.97 3.13 1.57 1.51 0.759 0.990 0.498 0.676 0.340 0.406 0.204 0.151 0.076 0.020

9 17.8 8.96 3.52 1.77 1.70 0.854 1.11 0.560 0.761 0.383 0.456 0.229 0.170 0.085 0.022

10 19.8 9.96 3.91 1.97 1.89 0.949 1.24 0.623 0.845 0.425 0.507 0.255 0.189 0.095 0.025 0.012

15 29.7 14.9 5.87 2.95 2.83 1.42 1.86 0.934 1.27 0.638 0.760 0.382 0.283 0.142 0.037 0.019

20 19.9 7.82 3.93 3.77 1.90 2.48 1.25 1.69 0.850 1.01 0.510 0.378 0.190 0.050 0.025

25 24.9 9.78 4.92 4.72 2.37 3.09 1.56 2.11 1.06 1.27 0.637 0.472 0.237 0.063 0.031

30 11.7 5.90 5.66 2.85 3.71 1.87 2.54 1.28 1.52 0.765 0.566 0.285 0.075 0.037
COLUMN LENGTH (m)

35 13.7 6.89 6.60 3.32 4.33 2.18 2.96 1.49 1.77 0.892 0.661 0.332 0.088 0.044

40 15.6 7.87 7.54 3.80 4.95 2.49 3.38 1.70 2.03 1.02 0.755 0.380 0.100 0.050

45 17.6 8.85 8.49 4.27 5.57 2.80 3.80 1.91 2.28 1.15 0.850 0.427 0.113 0.057

50 19.6 9.84 9.43 4.74 6.19 3.11 4.23 2.13 2.53 1.27 0.944 0.475 0.125 0.063

55 21.5 10.8 10.4 5.22 6.81 3.42 4.65 2.34 2.79 1.40 1.04 0.522 0.138 0.069

60 11.8 11.3 5.69 7.43 3.74 5.07 2.55 3.04 1.53 1.13 0.570 0.151 0.076

65 12.7 12.3 6.17 8.04 4.05 5.49 2.76 3.29 1.66 1.23 0.617 0.163 0.082

70 13.7 13.2 6.64 8.66 4.36 5.92 2.98 3.55 1.78 1.32 0.665 0.176 0.088

75 14.7 14.1 7.12 9.28 4.67 6.34 3.19 3.80 1.91 1.42 0.712 0.188 0.095

80 15.7 15.1 7.59 9.90 4.98 6.76 3.40 4.06 2.04 1.51 0.760 0.201 0.101

85 16.7 16.0 8.06 10.5 5.29 7.18 3.61 4.31 2.17 1.61 0.807 0.213 0.107

90 17.7 17.0 8.54 11.1 5.60 7.61 3.83 4.56 2.29 1.70 0.855 0.226 0.114

95 18.6 17.9 9.01 11.8 5.91 8.03 4.04 4.82 2.42 1.79 0.902 0.238 0.120

100 19.6 18.9 9.49 12.4 6.23 8.45 4.25 5.07 2.55 1.89 0.950 0.251 0.126

105 20.6 19.8 9.96 13.0 6.54 8.87 4.46 5.32 2.68 1.98 0.997 0.263 0.133