PRELIMINARY COPY

SEL-400G
Advanced Generator Protection System

Protection for hydro, pumped-storage

hydro, steam turbine, and combustion
gas turbine generators
• Comprehensive generator protection, generator step-up (GSU)
protection, autosynchronizing, and disturbance recording are
available in a single device.
• The 18 current inputs and 6 voltage inputs let you implement
simple or complex schemes.
• Wide-range frequency tracking (5–120 Hz) ensures that all
protection functions are secure and dependable.
• SEL Grid Configurator allows you to quickly and confidently
create, manage, and deploy settings.
 Functional Overview
Utility
SEL-400G ANSI Numbers/Acronyms and Functions
3 S 50B P P

-2 F 50NQG 51 NQG 21P Phase Mho or Compensator Distance

REF
24 Volts/Hertz
-2
25A Automatic Synchronizer
1 Y2
27/59 Under-/Overvoltage
27I/59I Inverse-Time Undervoltage/Overvoltage
3 T P P
50NQG 51 NQG
AUX
TXFR
3 U P P 32 Directional Power
50 N
G 51 N
G 87-2
40 Loss-of-Field
Q Q
2 VA, VC
EXC
TXFR 24-2
3 W
46 Current Unbalance
IN 50BF
AD -1 49R Thermal Overload (Resistance Temperature
27 I
27I 60 O Detector [RTD])
25A 24-1 59 I
59I LOP 81 U

49T Thermal Overload (Thermal Model)

R

3 Z
50BF Breaker Failure
EN
ERATO 50 (P,N,G,Q) Overcurrent (Phase, Neutral, Ground, Negative
G

Sequence)
R

SEL-2600* 49R 87-1 51 (P,N,G,Q) Time-Overcurrent (Phase, Neutral, Ground,

Negative Sequence)
3 X
21P 32 40 78 49 46
60LOP Loss-of-Potential
64 G1/G2/G3 100 Percent Stator Ground
REF
64 64 64 -1 64F Field Ground
G3 G2 G1
1 Y1
64S Stator Ground (Harmonic Injection)
1 VB 78 Out-of-Step
HMI DFR SER MET 81 (O,U,R) Frequency (Over, Under, Rate)
87 Three-Phase Current Differential
85
64F BRM RTU LGC PMU RIO IN AD Inadvertent Energization
REF Restricted Earth Fault
Additional Functions
3 4 1

64S
Ethernet Ethernet1 IRIG-B
85 RIO SEL Mirrored Bits® Communications
SEL-2664*
EIA-232
EIA-485
SEL-2664S*
*Optional feature
BF Breaker Failure
BRM Breaker Wear Monitor
DFR Event Reports
HMI Operator Interface
LDP Load Data Profiling
LGC SELogic® Control Equations
MET High-Accuracy Metering
PMU Synchrophasors
SER Sequential Events Recorder (SER)
RTU Remote Terminal Unit
*Optional feature Copper or fiber-optic
1
Key Features
Comprehensive Generator and Unit Protection Rotor/Field Ground Fault Protection
The SEL-400G offers primary and backup protection for Applying the SEL-2664 Field Ground Module and the
generators of all sizes and types, including hydro, pumped- SEL-2664S with the SEL-400G allows you to protect your
storage hydro, large steam turbine, and combustion gas system against rotor/field winding short circuits. The relay
turbine generators. Two independent universal differential can show trends for deteriorating field winding insulation
elements provide protection for the generator and GSU resistance, and it also provides rotor/field winding turn-to-
transformer in a single relay. The SEL-400G also offers turn fault protection.
18 current inputs, 6 voltage inputs, wide-range frequency
tracking (5–120 Hz), advanced antimotoring protection, Easy Communications
loss-of-field protection, and more. Choose from multiple copper or fiber-optic Ethernet ports,
serial communications, and several protocols, including
Stator Winding Ground Fault Protection Mirrored Bits communications, IEC 61850, and the Parallel
The SEL-400G offers passive and active ground fault Redundancy Protocol (PRP). Multiple Modbus TCP sessions
detection across 100 percent of the stator winding are available for custom configuration of your application.
without sacrificing security. The stator winding ground You can also use DNP3 serial or DNP3 LAN/WAN protocols.
fault protection elements include integrating timers that
detect intermittent ground faults and isolate the generator Next-Generation SEL Configuration Software
before the fault evolves into a permanent fault, thereby SEL Grid Configurator—a software tool that allows
containing generator damage. You can combine the engineers and technicians to quickly and confidently
SEL-400G with the SEL-2664S Stator Ground Protection create, manage, and deploy settings for SEL relays—is
Relay to protect against ground faults at standstill, included with the SEL-400G. It is the next evolution in
during startup, and while running by using the multisine SEL protective relay and meter configuration software,
frequency injection and neutral overvoltage-based delivering a modern user experience.
protection.
Product Overview

Front-panel display allows operators Front-panel, tricolor LEDs indicate custom

to control and view the status of alarms and provide fast and simple information
disconnects and breakers. to assist dispatchers and line crews with rapid
EIA-232 front serial power restoration.
port is quick and
convenient for system Easy-to-use keypad
setup and local access. aids simple navigation.

User-selectable mimic screens show Programmable operator push- buttons

the system configuration in one-line with user-configurable labels allow
diagram format. front-panel customization.
 Communications protocols include FTP, Telnet, synchrophasors,
DNP3 LAN/WAN, PRP, the IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol
Version 2 (PTPv2),* and IEC 61850 Edition 2.
Choose from a horizontal panel-
mount or rack-mount chassis.
Use one front and three rear EIA-232
ports for Mirrored Bits communications,
DNP3, SCADA, and engineering access.

The 18 current and 6 voltage channels support Choose from power supply options such as
differential protection for up to 6 three-phase 24–48 Vdc; 48–125 Vdc or 110–120 Vac; or
terminals, 3 independent REF elements, and 125–250 Vdc or 110–240 Vac.
voltage elements.
*For PTPv2 implementation, Ports 5A and
5B must be ordered as an option.
Applications
Dual Differential and Dual Frequency Zones Rotor/Field Winding Protection
Two independent universal elements provide protection for Detecting field-winding-to-ground faults allows you to take
two protection zones, which allows independent protection appropriate action before a generator sustains serious
of both the generator and GSU transformer with a single damage from severe vibration. With the field ground
SEL-400G. Implemented with an external fault detector, protection element, the first fault will trigger an alarm and a
the two zones are sensitive to internal faults while secure second fault results in a trip signal.
against external faults. Wide-range frequency tracking
(5–120 Hz) ensures that all protection functions are secure Stator Ground Fault Protection
and dependable across a wide range of system frequencies The 64G1, 64G2, and 64G3 elements provide
or generator speeds. This provides protection during events 100 percent stator winding ground fault protection through
such as unit overspeed, inverter driven startup, or variable- passive methods. With the SEL-2664S, the SEL-400G offers
speed pumped storage. active protection even at standstill. Adding the neutral
voltage connection provides protection for most machines,
Pumped Storage Logic based on fundamental-frequency and third-harmonic
In addition, pumped-storage logic enables pumped-storage neutral voltage measurements. Connecting the neutral
hydropower protection without the need for external relays current input provides protection for solidly grounded
to switch CT wiring, which lowers costs and improves or resistance-grounded machines. Voltage injection
reliability. The SEL-400G internally rolls the phasing of provided by the SEL-2664 allows you to monitor field
selected CTs to correct the phase change introduced in ground insulation resistance. You can protect generators
the primary circuit during pump operation, or it corrects from damage by responding to low field ground insulation
the transposition introduced by the reversing switch in a resistance warnings.
pumped-storage application.
VC

VA

Pumped-
Storage
Logic
87T
U

87G T

M G
Y1

T S

T *
W
SEL-400G

Z
T

SEL-2600

RTD Module
Field Ground
Module

SEL-2664

Stator Ground
Protection Relay

SEL-2664S
VB
Loss-of-Field Protection Antimotoring Protection
To protect the generator during loss-of-field events, Steam and combustion turbines can be vulnerable to
the SEL-400G offers two impedance-based schemes: a turbine or generator damage when motoring. The
negative offset Zone 2 scheme with two mho elements and SEL-400G offers advanced antimotoring protection,
a positive offset Zone 2 scheme (or qualified trip scheme) including four sensitive power elements with independent
supervised by undervoltage and directional elements. time delays to sense motoring. It also provides a
biased characteristic that ensures both security and
The SEL-400G also includes a capability-based method for
dependability when motoring during significant reactive
loss-of-field protection. This method is based on the real
power output conditions.
and reactive power plane and works by coordinating with
the generator capability curve, steady-state stability limit, Out-of-Step (OOS) Blocking and Tripping
and under-excitation limiter.
When a generator loses synchronism with the utility
system, it must be separated immediately to avoid
Q
widespread outages and equipment damage. The
SEL-400G provides robust OOS tripping capabilities with
Zone 4 two detection schemes: a single-blinder scheme and a
double-blinder scheme. In addition, a pole slip counter
feature enables precise tripping.

Automatic Generator Control

The SEL-400G, in combination with the SEL powerMAX®
Power Management and Control System, can balance
generation loading, control the tie line power flow, and
maintain the bus voltage. The SEL generation control
P
system regulates generator power outputs and manages
utility interties to maximize system stability, minimize
electrical disturbances, and mitigate load-shedding
requirements.
The automatic MVAR and voltage control system maintains
Zone 2
MVAR flows on interties and system bus voltages by
controlling load tap changers, generator field and large
synchronous motor exciters, synchronous and static
condensers, and capacitor banks.
Zone 3

To the
Power System From the Stator
Zone 1
CTs and VTs Transf.

To the Field
Exciter

Dependable Directional Power Element G

Exciter
Controller Prime
The wide-range frequency tracking capability ensures that Generator Mover

the directional power elements are secure and dependable SEL Volt/VAR Fuel, Water,
across a wide range of system frequencies or generator Controller or Steam
Governor
speeds and can be used for backup protection. It includes Controller
four elements, can be assigned to a dedicated CT, and has
SEL Generator
a biased option. This provides extra dependability when Controller
motoring power is very low and reactive power is high.
Autosynchronization Synchrophasor Measurement
Use the additional, built-in automatic synchronizer Combine the SEL-400G with an SEL IRIG-B time source
function to automatically synchronize the frequency, to measure the system angle in real time with a timing
voltage, and phase angle of the generator and connect accuracy of ±10 μs. You can measure instantaneous
to the power system. You can synchronize up to three voltage and current phase angles in real time to improve
breakers and choose from three pulse control options. system operation.
Control actions as well as governor and automatic voltage
regulator responses are available on event or disturbance
reports. Autosynchronization eliminates the need for
expensive external synchronizing equipment.
Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD)-
Based Thermal Protection CH
I
59.996 Hz 60.003 Hz 59.996 Hz
Acquire thermal data for alarm, monitoring, and trip Pullman, WA Chicago, IL Philadelphia, PA TAMP PUL
functions in the SEL-400G with an external 12 RTD MO
NT
HI
SEL-2600 RTD Module. P

SA
N
60.0015 Hz 60.0 Hz 60.007 Hz
GENERATOR PRIME Monterrey, Mexico San Antonio, TX Tampa, FL
MOVER
Accessibility and Communications
Built-In Web Server Mirrored Bits Communications
Access basic SEL-400G information on a standard This field-proven technology provides simple and powerful
Ethernet network with the built-in web server. From there bidirectional digital communications between devices.
you can view the relay status, Sequential Events Recorder Mirrored Bits communications can transmit/receive
(SER) data, metering information, and settings with easy information between relays for better coordination.
access within a local network. For increased security,
web server access requires a relay password and the
information is limited to a read-only view.

SEL-411L
SEL-400G MIRRORED BITS®
Communications

Ethernet-Based Communications Modbus TCP

The standard Ethernet card provides two copper, fiber, The Modbus TCP option provides Modbus functionality
or mixed ports for failover redundancy. Dual Ethernet over Ethernet. It allows a Modbus master device to acquire
ports, with a switched mode for looped Ethernet networks, metering, monitoring, and event data from the relay;
simplify the Ethernet network topology and reduce control relay output contacts; read the SEL-400G self-test
external equipment. Available Ethernet communications status; and learn the present condition of all the relay
protocols include FTP, Telnet, DNP3 LAN/WAN, IEEE 1588 protection elements. Up to two Modbus TCP sessions can
PTP, IEC 61850 Edition 2, IEEE C37.118 synchrophasors, the be configured with one custom Modbus map.
Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP), and PRP.

SEL-2488

SEL Relays

SEL-2740S
SEL-400G

SEL-2240 Axion

PLC
HMI SCADA
SEL Grid Configurator Software
A Powerful New Configuration Tool Powerful Protection Visualization
Grid Configurator allows you to quickly and confidently The Device Overview feature provides an immediate
create, manage, and deploy settings for SEL power system high-level summary of how you are using your devices’
devices. It features a modern interface designed for capabilities. You can also see a graphical configuration for
ease of use, with powerful protection visualization and many relay protection functions.
comprehensive reporting to reduce device deployment
complexity. Comprehensive Reporting
With Grid Configurator, viewing and downloading reports
Easy Device Configuration for an entire substation at once is simple. You can filter by
A user-configurable device hierarchy allows you to quickly date, report type, or device type and download the reports
identify power system devices, such as relays, meters, to your laptop with a click.
and distribution controllers. The spreadsheet-style editor
makes finding and editing one or many settings simple. Quick Settings Deployment
Powerful compare and merge features allow you to Grid Configurator makes it simple to send settings to
manage settings across multiple devices or groups within a multiple networked devices at once—no more moving
single screen. cables from device to device. It provides a report at the
end of the process to let you know if there were any
concerns during download.

Grid Configurator’s visualization tools help you easily adjust a device’s protection elements.
SEL-400G Specifications
General
AC Current Inputs 15 inputs with 5 A or 1 A ordering options
(18 total) 3 inputs with 0.2 A, 1 A, or 5 A ordering options
AC Voltage Inputs 300 Vac continuous, 600 Vac for 10 seconds
(6 total)
Output Contacts The relay supports Form A and C outputs.
Optoisolated Control DC/ac control signals: 24, 48, 110, 125, 220, and 250 V
Inputs
As many as 26 inputs are allowed in ambient temperatures of
85°C (185°F) or less.
As many as 34 inputs are allowed in ambient temperatures of
75°C (167°F) or less.
As many as 44 inputs are allowed in ambient temperatures of
65°C (149°F) or less.
Serial 1 front-panel and 3 rear-panel EIA-232 serial ports
300–57,600 bps
Ethernet Communications protocols include Modbus TCP, FTP, TCP/IP,
Telnet, synchrophasors, DNP3 LAN/WAN, PRP, PTPv2, and
IEC 61850.
Choose from the following port options:
10/100BASE-T twisted pair network ports
100BASE-FX fiber-optic network ports
Precise-Time Input Demodulated IRIG-B time input and PTPv2
Frequency and Phase System frequency: 50, 60 Hz
Rotation Phase rotation: ABC, ACB
Frequency tracking: 5–120 Hz (requires ac voltage inputs)
Autosynchronizing Frequency matching: ±0.1% plus ±4.2 ms at 60 Hz
Voltage matching: VAY, VBY, VCY, VABY, VBCY, BCAY, or angle
from VAY or VABY
Power Supply 24/48 Vdc
48/125 Vdc or 120 Vac
125/250 Vdc or 120/240 Vac
Operating Temperature –40° to +85°C (–40° to +185°F)

Note: LCD contrast is impaired for temperatures below –20°C (–4°F) and above +70°C (+158°F).
Making Electric Power Safer, More Reliable, and More Economical
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