Index

Abrams Gravity Corer, 1195–1196 barges, 1087

advanced laboratory testing, 1224 barrier walls, 869
A-Frame, 1154, 1169, 1171 basic variables, 232
ABS, 706 Bathymetry, 1164
acceleration, 83, 88, 92, 99, 104 Bayes theorem, 266
accidental collapse limit state, 226 Bayesian statistics, 269
accidental limit state, 700 bearing capacity for mudmats and skirted
acoustic energy, 1155–1156 plates, 1260
acoustic Scanning, 1144 bedding-in stiffness, 680
added damping, 209 Benthic Colonies, 1152
added Mass, 158, 209 Benthic Life Forms, 1162
added mass moment of inertia, 209 blast walls, 869, 887–888
air-gun, 1156, 1162 block samples, 1188
Airy theory, 83, 102 blockage, 141–142, 164
allowable cumulative damage, 226 blowout, 1221
allowable stresses, 225 blowout preventer, 718
American Petroleum Institute (API), 1265 boomer, 1162
anchor, 693 boomer record, 1161
anchor piles, 1151 boomer sled, 1151
anchor uplift, 668 BOP stack, 719, 725, 733, 747, 758
anchoring studies, 1151 bored piles, 1237
angle of friction, 1204 bottom roughness analysis, 914
Anisotropically Consolidated Cyclic bottom-supported structures, 42–43
Triaxial Test, 1232 box corers, 1152, 1199
API, 696, 703 breaking wave, 96
articulated platform, 24 Bretschneider, 106–107
Atterberg Limits, 1224 brittle softening, 1250
autocorrelation function, 206 buckle propagation, 905, 911
AUVs (Autonomous Underwater buckling, 1264
Vehicles), 1159, 1166 bulk unit weight, 1223
axial and lateral capacities, 1248 buoyant structures, 44, 63, 74
axial deformation, 1237 burst check, 717
axial load capacity, 1237
axial load-pile movement analysis, 1248
axial pile capacity of drilled and grouted cable, 1037
piles, 1244 Cable Route Investigations, 1206
axial pile response, 1248 cable terminations, 690
1270

calcium carbonate content, 1226 cutting shoe, 1197

calibration, 271, 1026, 1030 Cyclic Direct Simple Shear Tests, 1232
calibration of a partial factors, 253, 256 cyclic loading, 1252
CAPEX, 53, 64, 71, 75 cyclic loads, 1251
carbonate content, 1239 Cyclic or Dynamic Soil Tests, 1224
carbonate granular soils, 1254
carbonate origin, 1250
carbonate sands and silts, 1250 damping, 160, 161, 163, 192, 672,
Carpenter number, 151 700, 1044
catenary lines, 665 damping coefficient, 1258
catenary, 731 DARs, 974
cauchy, 1014, 1027 Data Acquisition System, 1050
cauchy number, 1006 data analysis, 1040
Cellar deck, 863 DDCV, 1063
Central Limit Theorem, 199 deck layouts, 862, 883
chain, 687, 689 deep draft floater, 699
chain properties, 689 Deep Penetration System, 1152, 1162
characteristic Deep-Tow System, 1159
load effect, 225 deepwater, 86, 1002–1003, 1013, 1016,
resistance, 225 1023, 1029, 1042, 1044
chemosynthetic life forms, 1152 deepwater sampling, 1195
CHIRP, 1161 degree of saturation, 1225
chirp sonar, 1156 density, 80, 106, 107, 113, 116, 124
Classification Society, 34 design basis document, 892
code calibration, 256 design value, 253
collapse, 715, 717 design wave, 210
combined loads, 226 design wave analysis, 164
compatibility, 936, 938 design, 210
compliant, 3, 7, 12, 15–17, 24–25 long-term, 216
compliant system, 664 short-term, 211
compliant towers, 56, 1056, 1059 Development Favorability Maps, 1164
concrete structure, 5, 21 diffraction force, 160, 164
Cone Penetration Tests (CPTs), 1149, 1211 diffraction parameter, 134
cone tip resistance, 1209 directional function, 198
consolidation test, 1235 directional sea, 114, 116
construction feasibility, 927 directional simulation, 247
contour line, 211, 698 directional spectrum, 116
Controlled Rate Of Strain Loading dispersion relation, 198
(CRS), 1230 distorted model, 1037
core catcher, 1197 diver operated rig, 1173
core-barrels, 1193 DNV, 689, 697
correlation, 261 Downhole Dolphin CPT, 1207
coupled mooring analysis, 677 Downhole In Situ Vane, 1221
criteria, 1090, 1105 drag anchor, 694
culture, 943, 945, 970, 978 drag coefficient, 137–138, 150–152,
current, 1019, 1023, 1015, 1025 155, 681
current loads, 137, 150 dragged plate anchors, 1151
 1271

drift force, 166, 170 factor of safety, 1246

drift stiffness, 680 failure, 940–943, 945–947, 950, 958,
drillship, 16 964–966, 968, 979–980,
drill ships, 1168 983–984, 994
drilling, 8, 11, 17, 26–28 failure probability, 226, 240, 242
drilling and sampling, 1179 fairlead, 693
drilling fluid, 1179 falling-head constant-volume, 1236
drilling hazards survey, 1152 fathometer, 1219
drilling mud, 1245 fatigue, 701–702, 726
drilling risers, 709, 746 fatigue analysis, 239
drilling semi-submersibles, 1174 fatigue design
drivability of pile, 1237 criteria, 271
driven piles, 1243 fatigue limit state, 700
drop corer, 1166 fatigue reliability, 251
Duhamel integral, 209 fibre rope, 702
durability, 936, 939 field testing, 1044
dynamic mooring design, 677 fifth order theory, 93–94, 102
dynamic positioning, 1178, 1219 firewalls, 869, 873–874, 885
dynamic pressure, 88, 104 first order reliability method, 246
dynamic response, 1237 fixed platform, 1056
dynamically-positioned vessel, 729, 732, fixed structure, 2–3, 12, 18
746, 757 flare, 863, 874–875, 883, 885, 887, 889
flex joints, 719, 746, 752
floating structures, 14, 16–19, 26, 39,
echo-sounder, 1152, 1154, 1157 43–44, 46, 187
effective tension, 745, 747, 800 floatover, 1099–1101, 1113–1114
elastic deformation, 1262 floatover deck, 879
electrical conductivity cone, 1218 fluid structure interaction, 209
electrical resistivity systems, 1170 FORM, 246
emergency disconnect, 717, 726, 731, formation factor, 1170
738, 744, 754, 757, 758 Fourier transform, 209
environment, 1019 FPSO, 4, 10, 13, 26–28, 44, 53, 64–65,
environmental impact studies, 1152 1063, 1065, 1082, 1114
equivalent unit end bearing, 1244 fracture mechanics, 229
ergonomics, 946, 978, 991 Froude, 1007–1012, 1014, 1016, 1037
escape routes, 867, 872, 874, 885 Froude-Krylov, 158
ETLP, 1066–1068 fuel sources, 864, 867, 869, 872, 879,
exherent causes, 940 883, 885
exploration rig, 1178
external corrosion protection, 917
current demand, 918 gas hydrates, 1151
design example, 920 GBS, 1061, 1062
extreme value geologic features, 1164
long-term, 220 geophysical survey ship, 1143
quantile, 213 geophysical techniques, 1152, 1172
short-term, 215, 217 geotechnical drill ships, 1178
extreme wave, 214 geotechnical techniques, 1162
1272

glory holes, 1151 Iceberg Scouring, 1151

grabs, 1154 ignition sources, 861, 864, 867–869,
grabs samples, 1150 872–873, 883
grain size, 1252 Impact forces, 176
grain size distribution, 1213 importance measures, 250
gravity base structures, 1056 importance sampling, 247
gravity corer, 1154, 1190, 1197 imposed deformation, 233
gravity loads, 133 impulse response function, 209
gravity structure, 4 IMR, 226
Gulf of Mexico, 2–3, 10, 12–14, 20, In Situ Testing, 1203, 1212
22–24, 28, 31, 44, 53, 59, 61, 69, Incremental Consolidation Test (INC),
73–74, 121, 123, 125 1235
Guyed Tower, 25, 42, 45, 56 Industry standards, 696
inertia coefficients, 147
inherent causes, 940, 980
hang-off 709, 736–739, 741–744, 766, 842 innovations, 40, 46, 52, 53, 57, 59, 73
Hammer Parameters, 1258 inspection planning, 227
Haskind relationship, 162 installation, 862–865, 870, 877–881, 883
hazard rate, 252 installation contractors, 920
health and safety executive, 707 installation methods, 982
heat dissipation, 1217 J-lay, 929
heave reel lay, 933
force, 208 S-lay, 932
motion, 207 towed pipelines, 933
heavy lift, 1079, 1080, 1086, 1101 instrumentation, 1001, 1030
helideck, 872, 879, 881, 883, 885, 887 integrated deck, 877
high frequency, 172–173, 191 internal waves, 105
high performance corer, 1198 ISSC, 106–107, 684
high-resolution geophysical systems,
1150, 1154
J-lay, 1117, 1123
high-resolution reflection systems, 1144
jack-up, 11, 21, 27
horizontal permeability, 1236
jack-up drilling rigs, 1179
horizontal sliding resistance, 1250
jack-up exploration barges, 1174
horizontal velocity, 91, 93
jacket structure, 20
human and organizational factors, 940,
jackets, 1056
960, 974, 979, 985, 993
JONSWAP spectrum, 106, 110
human errors, 943, 980–981
hybrid testing, 1046
hydraulic conductivity (permeability) Kelly Or Swivel, 1180
tests, 1236 Keulegan-Carpenter number, 135, 145,
hydraulic system, 1236 147, 155, 164
hydrodynamic coefficients, 134, 144–146, KO Consolidated, 1132
151–153, 158 Kullenberg Device, 1192
hydrodynamic forces, 207
first order, 207
hydroelastic, 1001 laboratory testing, 1223
hydrostatic loads, 133 laser scan, 1154
 1273

lateral deformation, 1237 metocean, 79

lateral load capacity, 1237 metocean conditions, 715, 727, 737, 755,
lateral pile capacity, 1251 758, 760, 804
lateral pile movement, 1251 miniature vane, 1234
launch, 1059, 1087 minicones, 1209
launching, 1058, 1098 minimal platform, 19
lift, 1056–1057, 1087, 1001, 1109 minisparker, 1161
lift coefficient, 141, 145, 147 MiniTLP, 33, 61, 66–72
lift force, 137 mistakes, 933–934
Lightweight Wheel-Drive CPT, 1206 mobile sand, 1150–1151
limit state, 225 model uncertainty, 235
line corrosion, 701 MODU, 8, 11, 27
line creep, 706 modular deck, 877
line damping, 673, 684 moisture content, 1223
line dynamics, 677, 700 Monte Carlo, 247
line energy dissipation, 674 moonpool, 719
line hydrodynamic coefficient, 681 mooring certification, 697
line hysteresis, 680, 706 mooring connectors, 689
linear transfer function, 199 mooring damping, 685
liner, 1186 mooring drag, 681
liner samplers, 1183 mooring equipment, 697, 705
load, 174, 175, 177 mooring forces, 667, 671, 698
load factors, 225 mooring fundamentals, 664
load mooring lines, 1038
permanent, 233 mooring requirements, 665
variable, 234 mooring safety factor, 697
load-deformation response, 1237 mooring spread, 680, 705
loadout, 1082–1084 mooring stiffness, 676
long-crested wave, 103 mooring uncertainties, 681
LRFD, 225 Morison equation, 134–135, 144–145, 150,
long piston corer, 1194 166, 170
long-term settlement (clay), 1263 motion, 1093, 1095
low frequency motion, 699–700 mud weights, 717, 744, 748, 755, 756
mudflow overrun, 1243–1244
mudmat, 1261
machinery areas, 873 mudmat settlements, 1260
magnetometer, 1152, 1163 mudmats, 1056
marine growth, 699 mudslides, 1151
mating, 1099 multi-beam echosounders, 1151, 1158
mean drift offset, 223 multi-beam or interferometric swathe,
mean largest value, 213 1146
mean level upcrossing rate, 202 multi-beam sounders, 1154
mean zero-crossing period, 203 multi-point anchoring system, 1178, 1190
mean zero-upcrossing rate, 203
measurements, 1030
mechanical properties, 233 narrow band process, 203, 206
medium penetration profiler, 1152, 1161 natural gamma, 1218
1274

Newman’s approximation, 224 pipeline crossing design, 921

non-stationary process, 216 acceptance criteria, 916
North Sea, 4, 7–8, 12–13, 20–21, 27, pipelines, 10, 22, 23, 1116, 1149
29, 31, 108 piston corer, 1193
northern north sea, 112 piston sampler, 1186–1188
platform crane, 883, 885
plug characteristics, 1246
ocean waves, 80, 103 PM Spectrum, 110
Ochi-Hubble spectrum, 106, 109 pocket penetrometer, 1226–1227
Offshore Brazil, 112 point resistance, 1204
on-bottom stability, 912 pore pressure dissipation, 1217
hydrodynamic coefficients, 913 pore pressure measurement, 1209
soil friction factor, 913 positioning, 1218
stability criteria, 914 probability, 240
open center bit, 1180 probability distribution
open ended or unplugged piles, 1239 gaussian, 201
open-faced dragbit, 1179 standard gaussian, 201
open-hole drilling, 1180 CDF, 201
operator malfunctions, 942 lognormal, 221
OPEX, 53, 59, 64, 71 PDF, 201
organic matter content, 1224 Rayleigh, 204–205
organization malfunctions, 944 wave crest height, 205
ORQ chain, 688 wave height, 215
oscillating structures, 145 Weibull, 205–206, 221, 228
probability of detection, 268
probability
P–Y Curves, 1252 density function, 201, 232
partial safety factor, 701 distribution, 232
peak value, 216 process equipment, 863, 873, 879, 884
peakedness parameter, 206 process flow, 858
penetration resistance, 1184 production deck, 863
permeability, 1236 production system, 4–5, 9–10
physical model, 1001, 1004, 1048 PSF, 973, 981
Piezocone, 1204 punch-through, 1264
Piezocone Penetration Test (PCPT), 1204 push samples, 1184
Piezoprobe Test, 1216 push-in samplers, 1200
pile cap, 1258
pile design, 1237
pile design parameters, 1239 Q-Z Curves, 1250
pile drivability analyses, 1254 QA/QC, 953, 955, 958, 966, 979, 983,
pile group action, 1254 989–990
pile monitoring, 1259 QMAS, 973–978, 981, 983, 985, 992–993
pile parameters, 1256 quake, 1258
pile-soil set-up, 1246 quality, 939–940, 942–943, 945–946,
piles, 1056, 1060, 1073, 1074 948–950, 953, 955–962, 965–971,
pinger, 1144 973–975, 978–981, 983–984,
pipe cross section, 715 992–994
 1275

quality assurance, 1050 Reynolds, 991, 996–1001, 1008, 1010,

quarters, 861, 863, 866, 872–874, 879, 1016, 1023, 1025, 1037–1038
881, 883–887 Reynolds number, 136–137, 139, 143, 145,
149, 164, 187
riser analysis, 714, 719, 725, 726, 730, 732,
ram, 1258 737, 738, 747, 754–755
random variable riser angle, 729, 736, 752–753, 755–756,
Gaussian, 199, 201 758
Rayleigh, 199, 204 riser joint, 721
standard Gaussian, 201 riser loading, 695, 700
uniform, 199 riser recoil, 725, 738, 744, 753–755, 757,
RAO, 719 764, 766
rate of consolidation, 1246 riser string, 721, 730, 735, 739, 741, 744
rational model, 900–901, 903 risers, 1042, 1119, 1120
collapse pressure predictions, 902–903 robustness, 945–946, 957–959, 962,
comparison with experiments, 893 964–965, 980, 990
interaction equation, 891 rock coring, 1187–1188
interaction equation predictions, 903 roll
reassessment, 227 moment, 208
recoil system, 766 motion, 207
reduced velocity, 134 rotary rock corers, 1188
reeled, 1118 ROTVs (Remotely Operated Towed
reference period, 240 Vehicles), 1159
refraction seismic, 1150 roughness coefficient, 138–139
refusal, 1259 route selection, 893
region of application, 101 ROV CPT, 1210
regular wave, 80, 91, 106 ROV Mounded CPT, 1200
regulations, 1147 ROVs (Remotely Operated Vehicles),
relative density, 1203 1149, 1165
relative density and friction angles, 1203
relative surface roughness, 134
reliability, 240, 940, 944, 947, 949, 952, S-lay, 1116, 1122
956, 958, 962, 964, 967, 985 safety, 942, 958–960, 966–967, 969, 981
reliability index, 242 safety factor, 1228, 1261
reliability updating, 266 safety systems, 864, 869
remolded strength, 1224 salinity content, 1229
remote geophysical platforms, 1155 sample disturbance, 1184, 1197, 1200,
remotely controlled seafloor corer, 1163 1203, 1225
reservoir, 40–41, 52, 63–65, 72 sample quality, 1229
resistance, 225 scatter diagram, 211, 217
resistance loads, 136 Schoenherr formula, 137
resistivity systems, 1150 scour, 1242
resonant column test, 1234 scour-global, 1242
response amplitude operator, 85 scour-local, 1242
response based modelling, 698 SCR, 1119–1120
response process, 207 sea state contour line, 698
response statistics, 207 sea-water, 81
1276

seabed classification systems, 1166 similarity laws, 1001, 1004

seabed founded structures and platforms, simulation, 113, 116
1150 simulation methods, 247
seabed frame, 1190 single channel systems, 1163
seabed in situ vane system, 1201 single point mooring, 664
seabed resistivity system, 1170–1171 sizing gas lines, 893
seabed rock corers, 1189 sizing oil lines, 895
seabed scour, 1254 skid mounted drill rig, 1163
seabed stability studies, 1150 skirted plates, 1248
SEACALF, 1204 slamming, 1096
SEACALM, 1206 slamming load, 176
seafastening, 1095 sleeve friction, 1204, 1209
seafloor failure, 1254 slips or elevators, 1180
seafloor instability, 1254 slow drift, 1036
seafloor penetration ranges of geophysical slow drift motion, 169, 189
systems, 1145 SN-curve, 238
seastates, 715, 736, 766 soil boring, 1173
second order theory, 89, 91, 102 soil cores, 1140
second order wave, 91 soil damping characteristics, 1232
seismic cone, 1218 soil investigation, 1174
seismic refraction systems, 1167, 1169 soil parameters, 1258
selection of pipeline diameter, 893 soil resistance to driving, 1259
semi-probabilistic approaches, 226 soil stratification, 1203
semi-submersible, 4–5, 10, 26, 1063, 1163, soil temperature, 1210
1174 SORM, 246
sensitivity measures, 250 spar, 7, 14, 29, 57, 59, 62, 66–70, 72–73,
series system, 262 1063, 1070, 1086
serviceability, 936, 938 sparker systems, 1156
set-up, 1247 specific gravity, 1224
shaft resistance, 1256 specimen degradation, 1235
shallow foundation design, 1260 spectral density, 200, 203
shallow foundation settlement analyses, response, 210
1262 spectral moments, 203
shallow soil sampling, 1188 spectral period, 216
SHANSEP, 1230, 1232 peak, 198
shear strength, 1212, 1214, 1223, 1225 split-barrel, 1183
shear strength degradation, 1232 split-barrel sampler, 1184
shear wave velocity, 1218 split-spoon, 1183
shelby tubes, 1183 spreading function, 115–116
short-term, 197 spudcan, 1248
short-term condition, 216 spudcan depression, 1248
short-term settlement (clay), 1262 spudcan penetration, 1263
side and tip quake, 1258 SRSS formula, 224
side-scan sonar, 1149, 1151–1152, 1154, stability, 39, 46–47, 1061, 1090, 1093,
1156, 1158–1159, 1165–1166 1113, 1116
side-scan towfish, 1158 stack-up, 718, 722, 729
significant wave height, 198, 216, 1021 Stacor Mega Piston Corer, 1194
 1277

Standard Penetration Test (SPT), target reliability level, 251

1185 TBM, 1068–1070
Static And Rapid Direct Simple Shear temperature, 80
Tests, 1235 tendons, 1038, 1066–1068, 1113–1114
Static Direct Simple Shear Creep Tests, tension leg platforms, 7, 30, 33, 44, 60
1231 tensioner, 722, 725–726
Static Direct Simple Shear Tests, 1231 test basins, 1007
steady drift force, 166, 167, 172, 189–190 test facilities, 1015
steel catenary riser, 12 thermal conductivity, 1209
steepness, 205 thermal conductivity probe, 1217
stiffness, 1034 thickness selection:due to external
still cameras, 1172 pressure, 887
storage structure, 13 thin-walled tube, 1179, 1184
storm stiffness, 680, 700 Thixotropic Characteristics Test, 1223
strain and acceleration transducers, thruster assisted mooring, 704
1259 tidal variation, 1219
stratigraphy, 1218 time-dependent reliability, 247
stream function theory, 94–96, 102, 105 time-variant, 248
stress history, 1230 tip damping, 1258
stretching, 98, 100 TLP, 1063, 1068, 1070, 1082, 1087,
Strouhal number, 996 1090, 1105, 1114
structural reliability, 240 toe resistance, 1256
structure motion, 178 torvane, 1226
stud link chain, 689 towing, 1061, 1079
sub-bottom profilers, 1149, 1151, 1154, towing resistance, 1035
1160 transfer function, 85
submarine telecommunications and power transient response, 180
cables, 1149 transport, 1059, 1081, 1085–1088,
submerged unit weight, 1225 1090–1091, 1093, 1095–1096
subsea, 5, 7, 9–10, 12, 14, 17–18, 22, 24, 27 triplates, 705
subsea templates, 1079, 1081 True Path Ko Triaxial Tests, 1231
suction anchor, 694 truncated model, 1046
suction caissons, 1151 tuned transducer, 1160
suction embedded plate anchors, 1151 Turkstra’s rule, 223
surface roughness, 134, 151, 155 turrets, 664, 694
Swathe Bathymetry, 1154
Swathe Echosounders, 1156
synthetic line, 669 ultimate limit state, 699
SYRAS, 980–981, 983–985, 988, 993 ultimate limit state design, 225
system, 941–942, 945–950, 953–955, ultradeep water, 1002–1003, 1016, 1042
957–966, 968–970, 973–976, 978–981, uncertainty, 232
983–984, 989 unconsolidated-undrained triaxial
system reliability, 227, 260 compression device, 1123
underwater cameras, 1171
undrained shear strength, 1239
T-Bar Test, 1214 unit skin friction in cohesive soils
T-Z Curves, 1249 (siliceous and carbonate), 1243
1278

unit skin friction in granular soils extreme, 215

(siliceous and carbonate), 1242 mean largest, 215
upending, 1057–1059, 1070, 1113 significant, 198, 215
Ursell number, 205 wave impact load, 875
wavelength, 83, 998
wave loads, 143
vane test, 1212 wave number, 198
velocity, 83–84, 87–88, 95–96, 98, wave period, 998
119–121 wave spectrum
vent, 873–875, 883 directional, 198
ventilation, 866, 870–872, 874, 888 wave tank, 991
vertical acceleration, 88 wave-actuated soil motions, 1254
vertical permeability, 1236 wavelong crested wave, 104
vessel anchoring, 1150 waves, 1019–1020, 1035
vibrocorers, 1154, 1197 wellhead, 7, 12, 31, 863, 872
video camera, 1172, 1190 West Africa, 130
viscosity, 80 Western Australia, 112
VIV Suppression, 729 wet rotary drilling, 1173
vortex-induced vibration, 673, 700 Wheel-Drive CPT, 1204, 1209
Wheel-Drive CPT Rods, 1212
white noise, 1019, 1021, 1036
wall thickness, 895, 907 wind, 1013, 1015–1016, 1019, 1023
wall thickness design example, 897 wind loads, 133
wall thickness selection, 898, 900 wind spectrum, 123, 124
due to burst, 895 wind speed, 123
due to external pressure, 879 wire properties, 689
due to local buckling, 899 wire rope, 688–689
water depth bottom sensor, 1209 wire rope sockets, 693
water depth measurements, 1219 wire-line
water depths, 1147 core barrel, 1188
water particle acceleration, 200 drive sampler, 1182
water particle velocity, 200 percussion sampler, 1180
wave crest height, 205 sampling, 1180
wave drift coefficient, 224 technique, 1185
wave drift force, 672, 678 wind speed, 123
wave-driven current, 118 wind spectrum, 123
wave elevation, 199–200 worm populations, 1152
wave equation analyses, 1257–1258
wave field, 197–198
Gaussian, 197 X-ray radiography, 1229
wave frequency, 198
wave group, 103
wave grouping, 1022 yaw, 695