09875223576434680099887654321

13467899098752235764346800998
87654321134678990987522357643
NUMBER SYSTEM
46800998876543211346789909875
Student’s Hand Out
22357643468009988765432113467
89909875223576434680099887654
GENESIS

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99887654321134678990987522357
64346800998876543211346789909
87522357643468009988765432113
46789909875223576434680099887
65432113467899098752235764346
80099887654321134678990987522
35764346800998876543211346789
90987522357643468009988765432
11346789909875223576434680099
88765432113467899098752235764
GENESIS

34680099887654321134678990987
Basics:

Prime numbers

Prime Non-prime (composite)

2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29…….. 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15….

Properties of Prime numbers:

1. To check if N is Prime.
a. Take square root of N.
b. Round off square root to higher integer.
c. Call it “x” - check for divisibility‟s with prime no‟s below x. If N is not divisible by any
of these prime numbers below x, it is prime.

2. Lowest prime is 2 and it is the only even prime number.

3. Remainder when a prime number P>5 is divided by 6 is 1 or 5. But, the reverse of this may
not necessarily be true.

4. There are 25 prime number between 1 & 100:

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97.

Now hold this prime number thought in your mind for a while.

What is HCF or GCD?

The highest number that can divide all of the given numbers exactly without any remainder is
called HCF or GCD.
Another way to think about it is, when we find all the factors of two or more given numbers, and
we take out the largest of all the factors, that number is the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) or
the Highest Common Factor (HCF).

Example: The HCF of 12 and 16 is 4, because 1, 2 and 4 are common factors of both 12 and 16,
and 4 is the greatest

Question based on application of HCF!

1. What is the highest number that‟ll divide 12 and 3 completely?

2. There is a 40 x 60m rectangular farm. Find the length of longest tape that can measure
this field.
 3. There is a 16x 24cm floor. Find the length of largest square tile that can be evenly laid on
it.
4. Two drums contain 400 and 600 liters of apple and orange juice respectively. What is the
biggest measure (cup) that can measure both of them exactly?
5. A teacher has 200 pens and 180 pencils. Find maximum number of students among
whom she can distribute these items evenly.

What is LCM?

The smallest positive number that is a multiple of two or more numbers.

Example: The Least Common Multiple of 3 and 5 is 15, because 15 is a multiple of 3 and also a
multiple of 5. Other common multiples include 30 and 45, etc., but they are not the smallest
(least).

Questions based on application of LCM!

1. Suppose there is a circular race track. Tarak Mehta takes 4 minutes to cover it and
Jethalal takes 6 minutes to cover it. Now, both of them start running from the same
point at the same time in the same direction & continue to run on the track. After how
many minutes will they meet for the first time at the starting point?
2. Two bells ring at an interval of 4 and 6 minutes respectively. After how many minutes
will they ring together?
3. Two traffic lights blink at an interval of 40 and 60 seconds respectively. After how many
minutes will they blink together?

Remember!

1. N1 * N2 = LCM (N1, N2) * HCF (N1, N2)

2. HCF of two or more fractions:

HCF of Numerators
LCM of Denominators
3. LCM of two or more fractions:
LCM of Numerators
HCF of Denominators

PRACTICE SET
1. The smallest number which when diminished by 7, is divisible by 12, 16, 18, 21 and 28 is
A. 1008 B. 1015
C. 1022 D. 1032
2. The H.C.F of two numbers is 11 and their L.C.M is 7700. If one of the numbers is 275, then
the other is
A. 279 B. 283
C. 308 D. 318

3. The H.C.F. of two numbers is 23 and the other two factors of their L.C.M. are 13 and 14. The
larger of the two numbers is
A. 276 B. 299
C. 312 D. 322

4. Which of the following is a pair of co–primes?

A. (16, 62) B. (18, 25)
C. (21, 35) D. (23, 92)

5. The ratio of two numbers is 3: 4 and their H.C.F. is 4. Their L.C.M. is

A. 12 B. 16
C. 24 D. 48

6. The G.C.D of 1.08, 0.36 and 0.9 is

A. 0.03 B. 0.9
C. 0.18 D. 0.108

7. Three numbers are in the ratio 1: 2: 3 and their H.C.F is 12. The numbers are
A. 4, 8, 12 B. 5, 10, 15
C. 10, 20, 30 D. 12, 24, 36

8. A rectangular court 3.78 meters long and 5.25 meters wide is to be paved exactly with square
tiles, all of the same size. What is the largest size of the tile which could be used for the purpose?
A. 14 cms B. 21 cms
C. 42 cms D. None of these

9. The product of two numbers is 1320 and their H.C.F is 6.The L.C.M of the numbers is
A. 220 B. 1314
C. 1326 D. 7920

10. The H.C.F. of two numbers is 12 and their difference is 12. The numbers are
A. 66, 78 B. 70, 82
C. 94, 106 D. 84, 96

11. The maximum numbers of students among them 1001 pens and 910 pencils can be
distributed in such a way that each student gets the same number of pens and same number of
pencils is
A. 91 B. 910
C. 1001 D. 1911

12. 252 can be expressed as a product of prime as

A. 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 7 B. 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 7
C. 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 x 7 D. 2 x 3 x 3 x 3 x 7

13. Three different containers contain 496 liters, 403 liters and 713 liters of mixtures of milk and
water respectively. What biggest measure can measure all the different quantities exactly?
A. 1 liter B. 7 liter
C. 31 liter D. 41 liter
14. The H.C.F of two numbers is 8. Which one of the following can never be their L.C.M?
A. 8 B. 12
C. 60 D. 72

15. The L.C.M of two numbers is 495 and their H.C.F is 5. If the sum of the numbers is 10, then
their difference is
A. 10 B. 46
C. 70 D. 90

16. The product of two numbers is 4107. If the H.C.F of those numbers is 37, then the greater
number is
A. 101 B. 107
C. 109 D. 111
17. The greatest possible length which can be used to measure exactly the length 7m, 3m 85cm,
12 m 95 cm is
A. 15 cm B. 25 cm
C. 35 cm D. 42 cm

18. Find the greatest number that will divide 43, 91 and 183 so as to leave the same remainder
A. 4 B. 7
C. 9 D. 13

19. Let N be the greatest numbers that will divide 43, 91 and 183 so as to leave the same
remainder in each case.
A. 4 B. 7
C. 9 D. 13

20. Product of two co-prime numbers is 117. Their L.C.M should be

A. 1 B. 117
C. Equal to their H.C.F D. Cannot be calculated

21. A, B and C start at the same time in the same direction to run around a circular stadium. A
complete a round in 252 seconds, 308 seconds and C in 198 seconds, all starting at the same
point. After what time will they meet again at the starting point?
A. 45 minutes B. 26 minutes and 18 seconds
C. 42 minutes and 36 seconds D. 46 minutes and 12 seconds

22. The least number which when divided by 12, 15, 20 and 54 leaves in each case a remainder of
8, is
A. 544 B. 536
C. 548 D. 722

23. The L.C.M. of 3, 2.7 and 0.09 is

A. 2.7 B. 0.27
C. 0.027 D. 27

24. The H.C.F of two numbers is 11 and their L.C.M. is 693. If one of the numbers is 77. Find
the other.
A. 69 B. 99
C. 119 D. 129
25. The greatest number that exactly divides 105, 1001 and 2436 is
A. 3 B. 7
C. 11 D. 21

26. The L.C.M. of two numbers is 48. The numbers are in the ratio 2:3. The sum of the numbers is
A. 28 B. 32
C. 38 D. 40

27. Find the H.C.F. of 108, 288 and 360.

A. 12 B. 24
C. 36 D. 48

28. The H.C.F. of 204, 1190 and 1445 is

A. 17 B. 18
C. 19 D. 21

29. The product of the L.C.M. and H.C.F. of two numbers is 24. The difference of two numbers
is 2. Find the numbers.
A. 2 and 4 B. 6 and 4
C. 8 and 6 D. 8 and 10

30. The L.C.M. of three different numbers is 120. Which of the following cannot be their
H.C.F.?
A. 8 B. 12
C. 35 D. 48

31. Three different containers contain 496 liters, 403 liters and 713 liters of mixtures of milk and
water respectively. What biggest measure can measure all the different quantities exactly?
A. 1 liters B. 31 liters
C. 11 liters D. 21 liters

32. The least number which when increased by 5 is divisible by each one of 24, 32, 36 and 54 is
A. 427 B. 543
C. 859 D. 869

33. The sides of a hexagonal field are 216, 423, 1215, 1422, 2169 and 2223 meters. Find the
greatest length of tape that would be able to exactly measure each of these sides without having
to use fractions parts of the tape?
A. 27 B. 9
C. 54 D. 18

34. A nursery has 363, 429 and 693 plants respectively of 3 distinct categories. It is desired to
place these plants in straight rows of plants of 1 variety only so that the number of rows required
is the minimum. What is the size of each row and how many rows would be required?
A. 33&45 B. 33&50
C. 33&40 D. 33&55

35. Two alarm clocks ring at regular intervals of 50 seconds and 48 seconds. If they first beep
together at 12 noon, at what time will they beep again for the first time?
(a) 12:10 P.M. (b) 12:12 P.M.
(c) 12:11 P.M. (d) None of these

36. Find the number of divisors of 1080 excluding the divisors, which are perfect squares.
(a) 28 (b) 29 (c) 30 (d) 31
37. Find the number of divisors of 544 excluding 1 and 544.
(a) 28 (b) 29
(c) 30 (d) 31

38. The number that is nearest to 2160 and exactly divisible by 52 is:
(a) 2132 (b) 2148
(c) 2184 (d) 2177

39. What is the number of digits of the smallest number which when multiplied by 7 gives a
result consisting entirely of nines?
(a) 3 (b) 6
(c) 5 (d) 4

Number of Zeroes:

1. Find the Number of Zeroes in 12 x15 x 5 x 22 x 11 x 13 x 17

(a) 3 (b) 2
(c) 1 (d) 4

2. n! has 25 zeroes. What is the maximum possible value of n?

(a) 25 (b) 32
(c) Not possible (d) None of these

3. Find the number of zeroes in the value of:

1! 2! 3! 4! 5! 10!
1 *2 *3 *4 *5 *.....10
(a) 5!+10! (b) 6!+9!
(c) 4500 (d) 2000

4. Find the number of zeroes in the resulting value of the following expressions:-

(i) 12 X 15 X 14 X 20 X 16 X 25 X 18 X 30
(ii) 123456!
(iii) 12 X 25 X 14 X 125 X 16 X 625 X 18
(iv) 600! (v) 1000!
(vi) 1992! (vii) 2016!
1! 2! 3! 4! 5! 20!
(viii) 1 X 2 X 3 X 4 X 5 X .....20
(ix) 625625 X 256256 (x) 60019

Unit digit:

If in a question unit digit has been asked and number is in the form xyzpqr then……

 Take the number as zpqr, here „z‟ is last digit in the number with same power as given in
the question.
 Find out the cyclicity number by dividing „pqr‟ with cyclicity of „z‟.
 Remainder will be the cyclicity number, see in the table for corresponding number in
order to get last digit.
 Number Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 Z5 Cyclicity
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 4 8 6 2 4
3 3 9 7 1 3 4
4 4 6 4 6 4 2
5 5 5 5 5 5 1
6 6 6 6 6 6 1
7 7 9 3 1 7 4
8 8 4 2 6 8 4
9 9 1 9 1 9 2

Note: Cyclicity of 2, 3, 7 & 8 is “4”

Cyclicity of 4 and 9 is “2”
Cyclicity of 1,5 and 6 is “1”

1. Find the last digit of 20162016

(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 2
(d) 8

2. Find the last digit of 81932

(a) 9
(b) 1
(c) Either a or b
(d) None of these

3. Find the last digit of following numbers:-

(5!)
(i) 12986
9739868
(ii) 307
(786!)
(iii) 786
(iv) 101102+103104
(v) (1995!)
1995
198 789 10!
(vi) (172 + 267 ) * 175
192
(vii) 243
815253
(viii) 845455
53951
(ix) 842687
9999999999999999
(x) 99999999999999
Remainder theorem:

Basic rules of Remainder theorem

 Remainder [(a x b) / c] = Remainder [a / c] x Remainder [b / c]
 Remainder [(a + b) / c] = Remainder [a / c] + Remainder [b / c]
 Remainder [(a – b) / c] = Remainder [a / c] – Remainder [b / c]
Remember!
 Remainder of the expression
(ax+1)n /a, will be directly 1.
 In the case of
(ax-1)n/a,

If n is even, remainder = 1

If n is odd, remainder = -1.

1. Find the remainder when 73+75+78+57 +197 is divided by 34

(a) 32 (b) 4
(c) 15 (d) 28

2. Find the remainder when 73x75x78x57x197 is divided by 34.

(a) 32 (b) 30
(c) 15 (d) 28

3. Find the remainder when 51203 is divided by 7.

(a) 4 (b) 2
(c) 1 (d) 6

4. Find the remainder when 4177 is divided by 7.

(a) 2 (b) 1
(c) 6 (d) 4

5. Find the remainder ……

(i) When 46 + 48 + 50 + 52 + 54 + 200 is divided by 23.
(ii) When 46 + 48 + 50 + 52 + 54 + 200 is divided by 45.
(iii) When 46 * 48 * 50 * 52 * 54 *200 is divided by 23.
(iv) When 46 * 48 * 50 * 52 * 54 * 200 is divided by 45.