Answer Additional guidance Mark

1(a) substitution and rearrangement (1) (2)

AO2
(f =) 330
11(x10-3)

evaluation (1)

30 000 (Hz) award full marks for the

correct answer without
working

30 or 300 or 3000 scores

1 mark
 Answer Additional guidance Mark

1(b) Two possible methods: (4)

selection (1) AO2
distance = speed x time speed = distance / time
substitution (1)
330 = d / 18(x10-3)
(total distance =) 330 x 18 (x10-3)
330x18(x10-3) scores
mp1 and mp2

evaluation of total distance (1)

5.9(4) (m)
evaluation of distance from bat to
prey (1)
3.0 (m) allow their distance
divided by 2 for MP4
allow 2.97 (m)
5.94 scores 3 marks
5.94 to any other power
of 10 scores 2 marks
2.97 or 3 to any other
power of 10 scores 3
marks
OR
selection (1)
speed = distance / time
distance = speed x time
division of time by 2 (1)
9 (x10-3)
substitution (1) 330 = d / 9(x10-3)
(total distance =) 330 x 9 (x10-3) 330x9(x10-3) scores
mp1 and mp2 and mp3

evaluation of distance from bat to

prey (1)
allow 2.97 (m)
3.0 (m)

2.97 or 3 to any other

power of 10 scores 3
marks

award full marks for the

correct answer without
working

Total for Question 1 = 6 marks.

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number
2 (a) B distance (1)
AO1
A, C and D are incorrect as these
are vector quantities

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
2 (b)(i) A description to include any 4 from: (4)
AO1
measure height (1) allow ‘keep same height’
allow in this context
hold against (fixed point
on) metre rule

measure time of fall (1) allow ‘time it’

use (average) speed=distance ÷

time (1)

repeat with different number of accept cupcakes for

cupcake cases in the stack/more cupcake cases
cupcake cases (1)

repeat and average time (of fall for

each stack of cupcake cases) (1)

plot a graph (speed of fall against

number of cupcake cases dropped)
(1)
Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number
2 (b)(ii) substitution (1) (2)
(W=)0.005 x 10 AO2

evaluation (1)
0.05 (N) 5 x 10-2 (N)

do not allow power of ten

error

award full marks for the

correct answer with no
working

give full credit for use of

g=9.8 or 9.81 N/kg

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
2 (b)(iii) Judge by eye any vertical (1)
upward arrow outside or AO2
inside the cupcake case

ignore length of arrow

arrow need not touch

cupcake holder
air resistance arrow (1)
ignore label on arrow

Question Answer Additional Mark

number guidance
2 (b) (iv) zero / there is none / 0 / it has no ignore ‘constant’ (1)
acceleration AO2
ignore units

Total for question 2 = 9 marks

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
number
3 (a) (i) substitution (1) (3)
11 = 0.42 x 10 x ∆h accept substitution and AO2
rearrangement in either order
rearrangement (1)
(∆h =) 11 (∆h =) ∆GPE
0.42x10 mxg

evaluation (1)
2.6 (m)

accept any value which rounds

to 2.6 (m)
award 2 marks for 2.6 to any
other power of 10
allow 1 mark for 0.38
allow 1 mark for 46(.2)

award full marks for the correct

answer with no working

give full credit for use of g=9.8

or 9.81 N/kg (gives 2.7 (m))
Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
number
3 (a) (ii) substitution(1) (2)
(KE=) x 0.42 x 122 AO2

evaluation (1) allow 30.2(4) (J)

30 (J) award 1 mark for 30 240 (J)
award 1 mark for 2.52 (J)
award 1 mark for 60.5 (J)

award full marks for the correct

answer with no working

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
3(a)(iii) A description including: (2)
KE/kinetic (energy store) allow mechanically / mechanical AO2
(1) transfer

(transfers to)

and one of:

elastic (potential energy ignore reference to gravitational

store) (1) potential energy

OR

thermal (energy of allow heat for thermal

ball/wall/surroundings) allow sound in this context
(1)

OR

dissipates (to
surroundings) (1) ignore reference to the ground
 Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
number
3 (b) selection and substitution use of either (2)
(1) v2 – u2 = 2ax AO2
or v2 = 2gh

17(2) = 2 x a x distance
17(2) = 2 x 10 x distance allow 289 for 172

evaluation (1) award full marks for the correct

14(.45) (m) answer without working

give full credit for use of g=9.8

or 9.81 m/s2 gives 14.7 (m)

Total for question 3 =9 marks

Q4

Answer Additional guidance Mark

4 (a) (i) (1.98-1.86) = (+/-) 0.12 (1)

AO2

Answer Additional guidance Mark

4(a)(ii) (velocity =) 330 x 0.12 (1) ecf from 4ai (2)

1.86 AO2

(+/-) 21.3 (m/s) (1) accept numbers that round to

21 (m/s)

a ii award 1,2 marks for (i) and (ii)

for the correct answer for (ii)
even without working
b)
 Answer Mark
Additional guidance
5(a) B 3.0 s (1)
AO3
A, C and D are incorrect as they are the wrong time.

Answer Additional guidance Mark

5(b) 4.6 (m/s) allow any value between (1)

4.5 and 4.7 (m/s) inclusive AO3

Answer Additional guidance Mark

5(c) allow MP1 and MP2 in either (3)

order AO3

correct data point(s) seen (1) any data point(s) on the line
e.g. (1.4,4)

(accel =) Δv (1) allow ‘gradient’

4
t allow e.g. 1.4 for 2 marks

evaluation (1) allow values that round to

2.9 (m/s2) 2.9 (m/s2) (e.g. 2.857...)

award full marks for the

correct answer without
working
 Answer Additional guidance Mark

5(d) (distance =) area (under graph) (1) may be seen on graph (3)
AO3
substitution (1)

½(1.4 x 4) + (3.6 x 4) + ½(1x 4) 2.8 + 14.4+ 2.0

½ x [3.6+6] x 4

evaluation (1) allow values that round

19 (m) to 19 (m) (e.g. 19.2..)

award full marks for the

correct answer without
working

if no other marks
scored allow (4 x 6 =)24
(m) for 1 mark

Answer Additional guidance Mark

5(e) graph continued below do not accept vertical line (1)

time axis, starting at 18 s do not accept line extending to AO3
left of 18 s

Total for Question 5 = 9 marks.

 Answer Additional guidance Mark

6(a)(i) calculation of time of travel (1) (3)

(120/330 =) 0.36(36) (s) AO2

substitution (1) ecf from MP1 for

MP2&3
0.23 x 100
0.36(36)

evaluation (1)
63 (%) accept values that
round to 64 or 63

accept values that

round to 0.64 or 0.63
for 2 marks

award full marks for the

correct answer without
working

Answer Mark

6(a)(ii) C Increase the distance between L and M. (1)

AO3
A, B and D are incorrect as these would not improve the
technicians’ measurement
 Answer Additional guidance Mark

6(b) an explanation linking: allow 3 marks for (3)

sound speeds up and light AO1
(refraction caused by) change slows down (when entering
in speed (1) water)

sound speeds up (when allow 2 marks for

entering water) (1) sound speeds up (when
entering water)
light slows down (when OR
entering water) (1) light slows down (when
entering water)

if no other marks scored

allow 1 mark for description
of any speed change (when
entering water)

if no other marks scored

allow 1 mark for wavelength
changes

ignore references to
transverse, longitudinal.
 Answer Additional guidance Mark

6(c) example 1 e.g. (4)

e-m wave (1) radio waves: communication, AO1
corresponding result oscillations (of electrons) in wires
of energy transfer (1)
microwaves: cooking,
communications and satellite
example 2 transmissions, internal heating of
e-m wave (1) body cells, increase KE/vibration of
corresponding result water molecules
of energy transfer (1)
infrared: cooking, thermal imaging,
optical fibres, television remote
controls, skin burns

ultraviolet: security marking,

fluorescent lamps, detecting forged
bank notes and disinfecting water,
damage to surface cells and eyes, skin
cancer

x-rays: observing the internal

structure of objects, airport security
scanners and medical x-rays,
mutation or damage to cells in the
body, cancer

gamma rays: including sterilising food

and medical equipment, and the
detection of cancer and its treatment,
mutation or damage to cells in the
body, cancer

additional effect for visible light

scores 1 mark e.g. : including vision,
photography and illumination

Total for Question 6 = 11 marks.

 Answer Mark

7(a)(i) (1)
245
C Am AO1
95

A, B and D are incorrect as these are not isotopes of

americium.

Answer Mark

7(a)(ii) (1)
AO1

A, C and D are incorrect as these are not the correct range of

an alpha particle in air.

Answer Additional guidance Mark

7(a)(iii) (3)
both correct for the AO2
(1)
mark

(1)
ecf from mp1

(1) ecf from mp1

 Answer Additional guidance Mark

7(b) plots at three of: (3)

17,64 (1) AO3
34,32 (1)
51,16 (1)
68,8 (1)

tolerance
±1 s
±4 Bq

allow line passing through correct point(s)

ignore incorrect curve

if no other marks scored allow 1 mark for

evidence of halving activity e.g. 128 to 64
 Answer Additional guidance Mark

7(c) description to include: (2)

proton (1) AO1

becomes a neutron (1) award 2 marks for p → n

award 2 marks for answers in

terms of quarks: u→d or up →
down or uud→udd

if no other mark scored, allow

1 mark for any one of

neutron becomes proton

n→p

d→u

decrease in atomic number by

one

mass number stays the same

gains a neutron

reduce charge (of nucleus) by

one

responses referring to
emission of gamma or
neutrino

Total for Question 7 = 10 marks.

 Answer Mark

8(a)(i) A The ray enters along a normal to the edge of the block. (1)
AO2
B, C and D are incorrect as these do not explain why the light
ray does not change direction.

Answer Additional guidance Mark

8(a)(ii) explanation linking: Allow annotation on (3)

graph: AO2
extrapolate / extend the
graph/curve (1) extension of line on graph

(until it reaches) r = 90° (1)

to at least r = 90°
read corresponding value of i (1)
line down from line to x
axis and labelled as critical
angle

Answer Additional guidance Mark

8(b)(i) explanation linking any 2 of: allow any one statement for 2 (2)
marks: AO1
black / P is good absorber / • black / P better absorber
poor reflector (1) • black / P worse reflector
• white / Q worse absorber
white / Q is good reflector
• white / Q better reflector
poor absorber (1)
• black / P absorbs
different colour of surfaces (radiation) and white / Q
absorb differently (1) reflects (radiation)
 Answer Additional guidance Mark

8(b)(ii) explanation linking four from: (4)

AO1
P is absorbing radiation/(thermal) allow heat in this
energy (1) context

P is (also) emitting
radiation/(thermal) energy (1)

(rate of) emission increases with

temperature (1)

(temperature constant) when (rate

of) emission = (rate of) absorption
(1)

mention of rate in either mp3 or

mp4 (1)
temperature of P
constant when rate of
emission of radiation =
(rate of) absorption of
radiation scores 4
marks

(rate of) absorption of

radiation is greater than
(rate of) emission of
radiation (so
temperature increases)
scores MP1 and 2

Total for Question 8 = 10 marks.

 Answer Additional guidance Mark

9(a) selection (1) allow (3)

p=mxv mom(entum) = mass x velocity AO2

substitution (1)
6.6 (× 10-26) × 480

evaluation (1)
3.2 × 10-23 (kg m/s) allow numbers that round to
3.2 × 10-23 e.g. 3.168 × 10-23

award full marks for the correct

answer without working

6.6 (× 10-26) × 480 seen scores

MP1 and MP2, 2 marks

3.2 to any other power of ten

scores MP1 and MP2, 2 marks
 Answer Additional guidance Mark

9(b) attempt to find momentum ± 0.8 ± 0.6 (3)

change (Δp) (1) AO2
(Δp) =± 1.4 allow (Δp) =± 0.2

substitution in to F = Δp (1) allow

t
± 1.4 ± 0.2
70 x 10-3 70 x 10-3

evaluation (1)
(±) 20 (N) answers which round to
(±) 20 to any other power
of 10 score 2 marks

answers which round to

(±) 2.9 scores 2 marks

answers which round to

(±) 2.9 to any other
power of 10 score 1 mark

award full marks for the

correct answer without
working
Question Indicative content Mark
number
9c Answers will be credited according to candidate's (6)
deployment of knowledge and understanding of the material AO1
in relation to the qualities and skills outlined in the generic
mark scheme.
The indicative content below is not prescriptive and
candidates are not required to include all the material which
is indicated as relevant. Additional content included in the
response must be scientific and relevant.
AO1
isolated statements
• weights on hanger
• weights added to trolley
• light gate(s) / ticker(tape) timer / ultrasonic transducer
• datalogger
• (interrupter) card on trolley
• sloping runway
• weigh trolley
• use newtonmeter
• use a = (v-u)/t
• measure distance and time
• use stopclock and ruler
• use (average) speed = distance / time
• use a = (v2-u2)/ 2s
• plot graph of F against a

detail of procedure
• suspend weights from weight hanger to produce force
• changing weights on hanger
• keeping mass constant by moving weights between
hanger and trolley
• light gates/ticker(tape) timer/ultrasonic transducer used to
measure acceleration/velocity/time
• runway on slope so no (effect of) friction /so trolley rolls at
constant speed (with no weights/force)
• increase angle of slope to increase force
• interrupter card for time through gate
• final speed = 2 x average speed
Level Mark Descriptor
0 No rewardable material.
Level 1 1–2 Demonstrates elements of physics understanding, some of
which is inaccurate. Understanding of scientific, enquiry,
techniques and procedures lacks detail. (AO1)

Presents a description which is not logically ordered and with

significant gaps. (AO1)
Level 2 3–4 Demonstrates physics understanding, which is mostly
relevant but may include some inaccuracies. Understanding
of scientific ideas, enquiry, techniques and procedures is not
fully detailed and/or developed. (AO1)
Presents a description of the procedure that has a structure
which is mostly clear, coherent and logical with minor steps
missing. (AO1)
Level 3 5–6 Demonstrates accurate and relevant physics understanding
throughout. Understanding of the scientific ideas, enquiry,
techniques and procedures is detailed and fully developed.
(AO1)

Presents a description that has a well-developed structure

which is clear, coherent and logical. (AO1)
Level Mark Additional Guidance General additional guidance – the
decision within levels

e.g. - At each level, as well as content,

the scientific coherency of what is stated
will help place the answer at the top, or
the bottom, of that level.
0 No rewardable material.

Level 1 1–2 Additional guidance Possible candidate responses

isolated facts add weights

mention at least 2 and
isolated statements use light gates

evidence may be seen in

the diagram
Level 2 3–4 Additional guidance Possible candidate responses

limited procedure use light gates to measure

1 detail of procedure acceleration/velocity/time
and and
mention 1 other isolated add weights
statement

evidence may be seen in

the diagram
Level 3 5–6 Additional guidance Possible candidate responses

detailed procedure use light gates to measure

2 details of procedure acceleration/velocity/time
and and
mention 1 other isolated suspend weights from weight hanger to
statement produce force
and
evidence may be seen in sloping runway
the diagram

Total for Question 9 = 12 marks

Q10
= 12