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Wulfstan

Wulfstan was an English bishop and archbishop in the late 10th and early 11th centuries who is renowned for his writing. In 1014, as Archbishop of York, he composed his most famous work called "Sermo Lupi ad Anglos" or "The Sermon of the Wolf to the English". In this sermon, he blamed a lack of moral discipline among the English for God's anger, which resulted in Viking raids, and exhorted the English to live according to Church and royal laws. The Sermon of the Wolf is considered a rhetorical achievement that represents the height of Wulfstan's skill as a homilist.

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54 views1 page

Wulfstan

Wulfstan was an English bishop and archbishop in the late 10th and early 11th centuries who is renowned for his writing. In 1014, as Archbishop of York, he composed his most famous work called "Sermo Lupi ad Anglos" or "The Sermon of the Wolf to the English". In this sermon, he blamed a lack of moral discipline among the English for God's anger, which resulted in Viking raids, and exhorted the English to live according to Church and royal laws. The Sermon of the Wolf is considered a rhetorical achievement that represents the height of Wulfstan's skill as a homilist.

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Wulfstan (sometimes Wulfstan II or Lupus; died 28 May 1023) was an English Bishop of

London, Bishop of Worcester, and Archbishop of York. He is thought to have begun his
ecclesiastical career as a Benedictine monk. He became the Bishop of London in 996. In 1002 he
was elected simultaneously to the diocese of Worcester and the archdiocese of York, holding
both in plurality until 1016, when he relinquished Worcester; he remained archbishop of York
until his death. It was perhaps while he was at London that he first became well known as a
writer of sermons, or homilies, on the topic of Antichrist. In 1014, as archbishop, he wrote his
most famous work, a homily which he titled the Sermo Lupi ad Anglos, or the Sermon of the
Wolf to the English.

The Sermo Lupi ad Anglos ('The Sermon of the Wolf to the English') is the title given to a
homily composed in England between 1010-1016 by Wulfstan II, Archbishop of York (died
1023), who commonly styled himself Lupus, or 'wolf' after the first element in his name [wulf-
stan = 'wolf-stone']. Though the title is Latin, the work itself is written in Old English. The
Sermo Lupi is Wulfstan's most well-known work. In it, he blames a lack of moral discipline
amongst his fellow English as the source of God's anger against the English, which has taken the
shape of thirty years of Viking raids against England. Wulfstan exhorts the English to behave in
a manner more pleasing to God, and specifically to live according to the laws of the Church and
of the king. The Sermo Lupi is noted for its rhetorical achievements, and is considered to
represent the height of Wulfstan's skill as a homilist and rhetor. The text of the Sermo Lupi has
been critically edited many times, most recently by Dorothy Bethurum.

Sermon

A sermon is an oration, lecture, or talk by a member of a religious institution or clergy. Sermons


address a Biblical, theological, religious, or moral topic, usually expounding on a type of belief,
law or behavior within both past and present contexts. Elements of the sermon often include
exposition, exhortation and practical application.

In Christianity, a sermon is usually delivered in a place of worship from an elevated architectural


feature, variously known as a pulpit, a lectern, or an ambo. The word “sermon” comes from a
Middle English word which was derived from Old French, which in turn came from the Latin
word sermō meaning “discourse”.

The word can mean “conversation”, which could mean that early sermons were delivered in the
form of question and answer, and that only later did it come to mean a monologue. However, the
Bible contains many speeches without interlocution, which some take to be sermons: Moses in
Deuteronomy 1-33; Jesus’ sermon on the mount in Matthew 5-7; (though the gospel writers do
not specifically call it a sermon; the popular descriptor for Christ’s speech there came much
later); Peter after Pentecost in Acts 2:14-40 (though this speech was delivered to nonbelievers
and as such is not quite parallel to the popular definition of a sermon).

In modern language, the word “sermon” is used in secular terms, pejoratively, to describe a
lengthy or tedious speech delivered with great passion, by any person, to an uninterested
audience. A sermonette is a short sermon (usually associated with television broadcasting, as
stations would present a sermonette before signing off for the night).

Homily

A homily is a commentary that follows a reading of scripture. In Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran,


and Eastern Orthodox Churches, a homily is usually given during Mass (Divine Liturgy or Holy
Qurbana for Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, and Divine Service for the Lutheran
Church) at the end of the Liturgy of the Word. Many people consider it synonymous with a
sermon.

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