MESH INTERNATIONAL CT1 MECHANICS & WAVES (ALP AS)

SHK

Page 1

MESH INTERNATIONAL CT1 MECHANICS & WAVES (ALP AS)

2.

(question continues on next page)

SHK

Page 2

MESH INTERNATIONAL CT1 MECHANICS & WAVES (ALP AS)

Fig. 2.1

Fig. 2.1
Fig. 2.1

[2]
SHK

Page 3

MESH INTERNATIONAL CT1 MECHANICS & WAVES (ALP AS)

Fig. 2.1

3.

SHK

Page 4

MESH INTERNATIONAL CT1 MECHANICS & WAVES (ALP AS)

Fig. 3.1

Fig. 3.1

SHK

Page 5

MESH INTERNATIONAL CT1 MECHANICS & WAVES (ALP AS)

4. (a) (i) State two conditions which have to be satisfied for the formation of a stationary wave.
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(3)
(ii) When a stationary wave is formed on a string that is stretched between two fixed points,
what additional condition concerning the length of the string must be satisfied?
...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(1)

SHK

Page 6

MESH INTERNATIONAL CT1 MECHANICS & WAVES (ALP AS)

(b) Figure 4 shows the undisturbed position of a string stretched between the two points, P and
Q, which are 3.6 m apart. The string is vibrated transversely at a frequency of 30 Hz, causing
waves to travel along it at a speed of 72 ms-1.
Figure 4

(i) Calculate the wavelength of the waves on the string.

...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(2)
(ii) Draw on Figure 4 the appearance of the stationary wave formed under these conditions. (2)
(iii) Compare the vibrations of the mid-point R of the string with those of point S, which is 0.6 m
from Q, with reference to amplitude, frequency and phase.
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(3)
5. (a) Distinguish between the nodes and antinodes that can be seen when stationary waves are
formed on a vibrating string.
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(2)
SHK

Page 7

MESH INTERNATIONAL CT1 MECHANICS & WAVES (ALP AS)

(b)

Figure 5
Figure 5 shows two dippers, D and E, mounted on the same vibrating beam. The dippers touch
the surface of the shallow water in a ripple tank. When the beam vibrates, waves travel
outwards in all directions on the surface of the water from each dipper.
Explain why a stationary wave will be formed on the surface of the water along the line joining D
and E. You may be awarded additional marks to those shown in brackets for the quality of
written communication in your answer.
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(4)
(c) When the beam vibrates at a certain frequency, the distance between two adjacent nodes
along the line between D and E is 12 mm. When the frequency of vibration is increased by 2.0
Hz, the distance between two adjacent nodes is decreased to 10mm. Calculate
(i) the frequency at which the beam vibrated originally,
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(2)
SHK

Page 8

MESH INTERNATIONAL CT1 MECHANICS & WAVES (ALP AS)

(ii) the speed at which the waves travelled on the surface of the water.
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(2)
6. (a) Two identical loudspeakers, S1 and S2, are connected to the same signal generator so that
each produces a sound wave of frequency 850 Hz. They are arranged in the open air, as shown
in Figure 6, with their centers 3.2 m apart. An observer who walks along the line LM, 16 m away
from the loudspeakers, notices that there are minima of sound every 2.0 m.
Figure 6

Calculate
(i) the wavelength of the sound waves,
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(2)
(ii) the speed of sound in the air.
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(2)
(i) The sound waves from the loudspeakers in part (a) produce interference effects. Light waves
from two separate small monochromatic light sources of the same frequency do not produce
observable interference effects.
SHK

Page 9

MESH INTERNATIONAL CT1 MECHANICS & WAVES (ALP AS)

Explain why the loudspeakers are able to produce interference effects but the light sources do
not.
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(3)
(ii) Describe and explain how interference effects may be produced from a single
monochromatic light source using appropriate additional equipment. You may draw a diagram
to illustrate your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................(7)
SHK

TOTAL FOR THIS PAPER: 70 MARKS

(1 MARK FOR NEATNESS)

Page 10