.In this method, selection is done on the basis of the .

The most reliable sign of estrus

individual’s record of inheritance a. Clear, sticky mucus discharge
a. Independent culling level b. Frequent urination
✅💯b. Pedigree c. Selection index d. Tandem c. Red and swollen vulva
✅💯d. Standing heat
.Creep feeding is a feeding practice of suckling piglets to
give a good start before weaning. This is done by giving .Suppose the normal weight gain of a finisher within 110
piglets with pre-starter feed as early as finishing days is 67 kg. The ADG is 609 g and the liveweight
a. 8 days old b. 12 days old price per kilogram is P70.00. The value of a 10 gram
c. 9 days old ✅💯d. Nota difference on ADG is P77.00. What does the 10 g difference
represent?
It should be 5 Days old✅
✅💯a. 10 g additional daily gain would represent P77.00
.The scientific name of European wild boar believed to be increase on the market value per finisher
the principal descendant of our domesticated pig today b. 10 g additional daily gain would represent P77.00
✅💯a. Sus scrofa b. Sus indicus decrease on the market value per finisher
c. Sus philippinensis d. Sus domesticus c. 10 g decrease in daily gain would represent P70.00
.The theoretical production cycle of a sow is ____ days increase on the market value per finisher
a. 148 ✅💯b. 151 c. 155 d. 163 d. 10 g additional daily gain would represent P70.00
increase on the market value per finisher
⤵️
.This is the most essential but most often neglected
Gestation = 114 days nutrient
Lactation = 30 days
Dry period = 7 days a. Carbohydrates b. Protein c. Vitamin
TOTAL = 151 days ✅💯d. Water

.A hybrid pig which is a result of the cross between Duroc, Water is the most essential but most often neglected
Hampshire, Landrace and Large white nutrient. Many pig farmers tend to underestimate the
value of water. It is not enough to make water available
✅💯a. Babcock b. Dalland c. Hypig but the quality should also be considered. Pigs need plenty
d. Genemaster of clean, fresh water at all times. Performance of all types
of pigs is reduced when they are lacking in water. The rate
⤵️
of gain and the amount of feed consumed are all affected
Dalland – result of a 4-way cross of Large white, by water restriction.
Pietrain/Landrace, Daltrain and Large white

Hypig – result of the crosses between Landrace, Yorkshire

and own breeding lines
Genemaster – result of the crosses between Large white, .This refers to the efficiency with which the capacity of the
and Landrace and Yorkshire fattening units are used
✅💯a. Rounds per year b. Litter index
.What is the gestation period of Boar?
c. Occupancy rate d. Mortality rate
A. 126 days B. 114 days
The number of rounds per year refers to the efficiency
C. 118 days ✅💯D. None with which the capacity of the fattening units is used. The
capacity of the units can be expressed either as the
It Should be Sow, not BOAR 😊 number of pig places or as the average number of pigs
(stock) on hand. The number of pig places is a fixed
number. On the other hand, the average stock on hand
The following are traits or standards to be examined when may vary considerably depending on: (1) occupancy rate of
selecting boars EXCEPT: the units/pens; (2) mortality rate; (3) inter batch periods;
a. Behavior b. Backfat and (4) stocking system.
✅💯c. Mothering ability
.A testicle structure which is responsible for the production
d. Reproductive soundness
of the male sex hormone.
.Culling is the removal of unwanted animals in the herd,
a. Cell of leydig ✅
and it should be decided upon based on:
a. Damaged udder section b. Health status
c. Reproductive failures ✅💯d. All of the above
.A testicle structure which function for the production of A.Seminiferous tubules✅ B.Vasa Efferentia C.Rete
spermatozoa testes D.Cell of leydig

✅A.Seminiferous tubules .Reticulum is also known as what?

.Angiology is as systematic anatomy which study the: A.Honeycomb✅ B.Paunch

a. Endocrine system b. Circulatory system ✅ C.True stomachbbb D.Manyplies

c. Digestive system d. Sensory system ✅ Omasum - Manyplies or Book

.The first cervical vertebrae column is called : ✅ Abomasum - True Stomach

a .Axis b. Coccygeal c. Lumbar ✅ Reticulum - Honeycomb

✅d. Atlas ✅ Rumen - Large Muscular Compartment

..... .Applied to slaughter animals which is simply the

withdrawal of feed but water is given ad libitum before
1. A farm animal which does not have a gall bladder slaughtering
A.Cattle B.Horse C.Goat D.Chicken A.Hungry B.Stress C.Starvation D.Fasting✅
2. Fats contain more energy than carbohydrates by: .Sucrose to hydrolyzes to form what?
A.3.0 times B.2.5 times C.2.0 times D.2.25 times A.2 Glucose B.Glucose + Galactose
3. A female reproductive organ which serves as the organ C.Glucose + Fructose✅ D.Glucose + Maltose
of copulation at mating and as the birth canal at
parturition. .A descriptive term for the study of anatomy which means
towards the head.
A.Ovary B.Vulva C.Vagina D.Uterus
A.Ventral B.Cranial✅ C.Caudal D.Dorsal
4. The release of the egg from the ovary is called:
.The period during which reproductive organs first become
A.Implantation B.Ovulation functional.
C.Incubation D.Gestation A.Maturation B.Puberty✅
5. Site of nutrient digestion of the digestive system. C.Estrous cycle D.Gestation
A.Large intestine B.Stomach C.Small intestine D.Ceca .The breakdown of body tissues into simpler substances
Answer👉 and waste products is a metabolic process called

1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. C A. Oxidation of nutrients B. Growing Mash

1. When a pig lying on cold concrete floor losses heat C. Catabolism✅ D. Anabolism
through the process of heat dissipation called .The digestive part of farm animal which serve as the site
A.Radiation✅ B.Conduction of the excretion of solid materials.

C.Evaporation D.Convection A. Large Intestine✅ B. Esophagus

2. Mimosine is a toxic substance found in the: C. Small intestine D. Cecum

A.Soybean oil meal B.Copra meal .The following are the problems encountered of the meat
industry in the Philippines, except:
C.Cassava leaf meal D.Ipil ipil meal✅ a. Lack of peoples concern on meat quality
b. Increasing cost of equipment used in processing and
3. Angiology is as systematic anatomy which study the:
slaughtering
A.Digestive system✅ B.Sensory system c. Lack of trained people
✅💯d. Exportation of meat and processed meats
C.Endocrine system D.Circulatory system
.The one who introduced hermetic sealing of foods to
4. A testicle structure which function for the production of preserved meat. He is also the one who started the
spermatozoa. canning of foods.
✅💯a. Nicolas Appert b. Louis Pasteur July 18, 2003 + 114 days
c. Peter Durand d. None of the above
= November 9, 2003
.Any procedure or tests conducted try a competent person
on live animals for the purpose of judgment of safety and Fetal growth rate in the last trimester of pregnancy
suitability and disposition. increases dramatically compared with early and mid-
a. Anti - Mortem c. Post - Mortem gestation.
b. Slaughter ✅💯d. Nota Increase feed intake to accommodate demands of rapid
✍️Ante-Mortem fetal growth!

.The following are signs of the abnormalities which are .If a sow was bred on July 18, 2003 when will you check for
checked on ante-mortem examination, except: pregnancy?
a. Abnormalities in respiration a. August 18, 2003 b. August 8, 2003
b. Abnormalities in behavior
c. Abnormalities in gait c. July 28, 2003 d. July 8, 2003
✅💯d. Abnormalities in temperature
ca: B
.Salt level in meat (%) which water binding capacity is back
to the same level as in fresh unsalted meat.
a. 10% ✅💯b. 11% c. 15% d. 1.5 to 3%

.An act to promote animal welfare in the Philippines, Remember!

otherwise known as:
✅💯a. “The Animal Welfare Act of 1998” Estrous Cycle = 21 days (18 – 22 days)
b. “The Animal Behavior Act of 1998”
Solution:
c. “The Animal Well – being Act of 1998”
d. “The Animal Health Act of 1998” July 18, 2003 + 21 days

... = August 8, 2003

.No form of stress should be given to animals prior to .It is recommended that the daily feed intake of gestating
slaughter. The following are the disadvantages of stress animals be increased by 10% during the?
EXCEPT
a. First trimester of pregnancy
a. High temperature of carcasses
✅💯b. high water holding capacity of resulting meat b. Second trimester of pregnancy
c. Low aroma, flavor, texture and juiciness scores
c. Third trimester of pregnancy
d. Loss of muscle glycogen
d. Fourth trimester of pregnancy

e. All of the above

The disadvantages of stress include high temperature of
carcass, loss of muscle glycogen, low water holding Ca. C
capacity of resulting meat, low aroma, flavor, texture and
juiciness scores. .If a farm wean their piglets at 28 days of age and has a
weaning to conception interval of 10 days. What is the
.If a sow was bred July 18, 2003 when do you expect it to farrowing index of the farm?
farrow?
a. 152 b. 38 c. 0.41 d. 2.4 e. nota
a. November 19, 2003 b. December 29, 2003
Solution:
c. December 17, 2003 d. November 9, 2003
Given: Lactation period= 28 days
e. November 2, 2003
WCI =10
ca: D
Remember! Farrowing index refers to the number of times
Remember! a sow farrows in a 365 day period.

Gestation Period = 114 days Farrowing index=365 days/Farrowing Interval

Solution: FI=LP + WCI + Gestation period

 28 + 10 + 114 =152 days Sow Herd

Farrowing index = 365/152 Farrow to feeder - pregnant sow  weanlings

= 2.40 Farrow to finish - pregnant sow weanlings growers

finisherssold for slaughter
.This refers to the practice of feeding gilts with high-energy
ration before breeding is called Farrow to breeder - breeder animals sold as replacement

a. Full feeding b. High energy feeding Boar for Hire (Boar stud)

c. Flushing d. Limited feeding e. Phase feeding .If the total amount of feed consumed by an animal from
an initial weight of 25.0 kg to 90.0 kg is 200 kg, what is the
ca:C feed efficiency of the said animal?
FLUSHING is when the daily feed intake of gilts is increased a .3.1 kg b. 2.8 kg c. 2.2 kg d. 4.3 kg
by 0.5 to 1.0 kg for 10-14 days before expected date of
breeding. e. none of the above

Ovulation rate typically increases 2-3 eggs in response to

flushing (Flowers et al., 1989).
Feed Efficiency (Feed Conversion Ratio)

FE = amount of feed consumed ÷

.The average estrus period in days of a sow or gilt is
gain in weight
a. 3 days b. 21 days c. 30 days
ca is A
d .14 days d. 28 days
.What is the average daily gain (ADG) of a pig who initially
Ca . A 3days weighed 25.0 kg and was fed for 90 days to reach 90.0 kg?

.The boar’s normal sperm concentration per semen a. 0.865 kg b. 0.722 kg c. 0.423 kg
volume is
d. 0.560 kg e. none of the above
a. 200 – 300 million b. 30 billion
ca: B
c. 100 – 150 million d. 400 billion
Average Daily Gain
e. None of the above
ADG = Final weight – initial weight ÷
CHARACTERISTICS OF AVERAGE EJACULATES
number of feeding days
Volume, ml. 150-200 (gel free)
ca: C
Sperm concentration.200-300 M/ml
.Gestation period, the intervening period between
Motile sperm, 70 % successful mating and farrowing, ranges from 109 to 119
days, with an average of 114 days. Or simply put, 3
Morphologically normal sperm, 80 % months, 3 weeks & 3 days.
Color, Creamy white .A pregnant sow is about to farrow if she shows the
.This type of sow-herd enterprise starts with a pregnant following signs, except
sow to produce weanlings which are sold to other raisers a. enlargement, reddening and swelling of the snout
who carry them to slaughter weight
b. nervousness, restlessness and often accompanied by
a. Farrow to feeder b. Farrow to finish slight increase in breathing
c. Farrow to breeder d. Boar stud c. mammary glands are fully distended
e. None of the above d. milk let down
ca: A e. none of the above
production system Ca.A
Growing-finishing - Weanling pigs  80 kg slaughter pigs
.The acceptable gestation period of swine is ca: E

a. 119 to 127 days b. 114 weeks* Upgrades

c. 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days Upgrading: native pigs bred with foreign breeds

d. 5.5 months e none of the above Diani

Ca. C upgrade of native pigs (Batangas) with Berkshire

.The average estrous cycle of sows and gilts Kaman

a. 45 days b. 21 days c. 28 days upgrade of native pig (Batangas) with Duroc

d. 10 days e. 114 days Berkjala

Ca. 5/8 Berkshire and 3/8 Jalajala pig (Rizal)

ca: B

Miracle Pig

.The estrous cycle ranges from 17 to 24 days, with an ½ Large White ¼ Landrace ¼ Native
average of 21 days. Estrous cycle is continuously
manifested by the individual unless interrupted by .The following are examples of hybrid pigs, except
pregnancy. a. Babcock b. Camborough
Estrous = cycle c. Poland China d. Hypor e. none of the above
Estrus = phase in the estrous cycle when a female is ca: C
sexually receptive, “in heat”
Hybrid pigs or synthetic breeds do not have distinguishing
.The Philippine Native Swine is generally characterized by physical characteristics which differentiate them from
the following, except other group of pigs. Most of them are white with good
a .late maturing and small muscle development.

b. mostly solid black or black and white in color Examples are:

c. slightly straight back Babcock, Camborough, Cotswold, Hypor, Seghers,

Minnesota No.1, Nieuw Dalland
d. with weak pasterns
.The recommended age at breeding of gilts is when they
e .none of the above are about:

ca: C a. 6.5 months old b. 8 months old

.The Philippine Native Swine have the following general c. 7 months old d. 5 months old
characteristics:
e. None of the above
Small and late maturing
ca: B
Mostly solid black or black and white in color
Gilts should be bred to farrow the first litter at about a
Have small ears year old.

Sway back Very young gilts at first farrowing usually have smaller
litter size than older gilts.
With weak pasterns
Age at first farrowing also affect the lifetime reproductive
Very strong motherly instinct performance of the sow.
.Which of the following is NOT an example of an upgrade? Very young animals also manifest less maternal instinct to
a .Diani b .Kaman c. Berkjala take care of her young.

d. Miracle pig e. Meishan .The following are the signs of heat indicating that the sow
or gilt is already receptive to the boar, except:
a. reddening and swelling of the vulva Teaser boar method

b. mounting other animals frequent attempts to This is done with a teaser usually a vasectomized
boar. If the female allows the teaser to mount or assumes
c. urinate with very little or no discharge at all a mating position, she is sexually receptive.
d. mammary glands are fully distended ...
e. none of the above .Pigs primarily intended for slaughter are called
ca: D A. Weaners B. Growers
Signs of heat, which indicate that the gilt or sow is C. Breeders D. Fatteners
receptive to the boar:

*reddening and swelling of the external genitalia

*mounting other animals or willingness to be mounted by

others regardless of sex .The relative amount of crude protein in growing pig diets
tend to
restlessness, continuous moving around and grunting as if
calling for its kind A. Increase with age B. Decrease with age

*frequent attempts to urinate with very little or no C. Constant at varying stages

discharge at all
D. Changes irregularly at varying stages
*capricious appetite
.Increasing average daily gain of fattening hogs will result
*assumes a characteristic mating position when touched to shorter fattening period at
on back either by a boar or caretaker
A. Fixed market age B. Fixed market weight
*difficult to move or be herded in the presence of a boar
C. Fixed feed allowance D. All
.This technique in verifying sexual receptivity is done by
applying force on the rump of the female pig with both .Feed conversion ratio is a measure of feed efficiency that
hands indicates the amount of feed per unit gain in

a. Haunch pressure test A. Carcass produced B. Live weight produced

b. Riding-the-back test C. Piglets produced D. Fatteners produced

c. Semen-on-snout test .Factor that has the least influence on the revenue
obtained on finished hogs
d. Teaser boar method
A. Feed cost B. Selling price of hogs
e. None of the above
C. Market weight D. Grade of finished hog
ca: A
.The productive life of a sow is determined by the number
Haunch pressure test of days

This is done by applying pressure on the rump A. From birth to culling or death
with both hands. A receptive animal will just stand firm
and assume a mating position. B. From puberty to last farrowing

Riding-the-back test C. From first mating to last weaning

This is done by riding the back of the animal, the D. From first farrowing to culling
receptive female will assume a mating position. .The number of batches per year in hog fattening operation
Semen-on-snout test is directly influenced by

This is done by placing sample of semen on the snout of A. Feed conversion ratio B. Average daily gain
the female. A receptive female will just look around and C. Feed cost per kg gain
assume a mating position in the presence of boar semen
odor. D. Feed consumption per hog per day
.The farrowing cycle of a sow can be influenced directly by A. Infertility B. Early embryonic death
changing
C. Mummification D. Stillborn
A. Gestation period B.Lactation period
.The use of teaser boar in pig farms can limit the problems
C. Dry or open days D.Lost days of

.Days in the farrowing cycle when the sow is not pregnant, A. Silent heaters B. Pseudo-pregnancy
not nursing a litter, and not in the prescribe weaning to
service interval C. Nymphomaniacs D. Anestrus

A. Gestation period B. Lactation period

C. Dry or open days D. Lost days

.A condition caused by persistent corpus luteum resulting
to manifestation of false pregnancy is due to hormone
.Lost of body condition of a sow resulting to emaciation
during the lactation period can lead to A. Estrogen B. Progesterone

A. Early occurrence of heat after weaning C. Follicle stimulating hormone

B. Delayed occurrence of heat after weaning D. Luteinizing hormone

C. Increase the litter index of a sow .In the process of heat detection the best sign to serve the
sow is when
D. Reduce eggs ovulated during estrus
A. The vulva is markedly swollen and reddish
.In case pre-weaning piglets suffer scouring, the immediate
course of action must be B. Mucus discharge is clear

A. Withdraw solid feed given to piglets C. Sow assumes the mating stance

B. Withdraw feed of the sow D. Sow manifest anorexia

C.Administer antibiotics to the piglets .A boar is assumed to have reached puberty when

D. Administer antibiotics to the sow A. 6 months and weighing 80-90 kg

.Reproductive traits like litter size and fertility have low B. Manifest mounting behavior
heritability but responds well to crossbreeding due to C. Able to produce semen with viable sperm cells
A. Heterosis B. Hybrid vigor D. Grunts and become restless when there is a female in
C. Depression D. none he

.Non-spiral type of catheter for AI in swine is ideal to use .Newcastle disease vaccine LaSota is given to chicks using
on this route of administration:

A. Gilts or first parity sows B. Mature sows A. Intraocular B. Wing web

C. Sows irrespective of parity D. Very old sows C. Intramuscular D. Sub-cutaneous

.A sow on its first parity gave birth to only 6 piglets. The .Tandem method of selection takes advantage of positively
best decision to undertake is correlated traits like:

A. Cull the sow for having poor reproductive performance A. Growth rate and feed efficiency

B. Retain the sow up to 3rd parity B. Feed efficiency and carcass quality

C. Review performance of the AI technician C. Carcass quality and fertility

D. Try new method of mating the sow D. Fertility and growth rate

.Reduced litter size caused by extremely high ambient .One of the distinguishing features of the Philippine
temperature during the first 35 days of gestation is due to carabao is the presence of two diagonal stripes on its
briskets, which is known as:
A. Chevon B. Chevron C. Stripes D. Liners .Known as the breed of pig with the longest body, white
and with drooping ears:
.A volatile fatty acid necessary in the synthesize of milk fat:
A. Large White B. Landrace
A. Butyric acid B. Propionic acid
C. Duroc D. Hampshire
C. Acetic acid D. Capric acid

Explanation:

Landrace are white hogs with large floppy ears that hang
.Mothering ability of a sow is measured by the number of parallel to the bridge of their nose. Landrace are known for
A. Piglets born alive per sow per year their mothering ability, large litter sizes, and good milking
ability
B. Piglets weaned per sow per year
.Characterized by being hardy, with excellent growth rate
C. Piglets reared per sow per year and feed efficiency ideal for the development of male pig
lines:
D. Fatteners sold per sow per year
A. Large White B. Landrace C. Duroc
.Appropriately known as the “muscle pig” due to its
outstanding muscle development in the ham, loin and D. Hampshire
shoulder, and very thin back fat
.This is a lymphoid organ that acts as graveyard for old or
A. Duroc B. Hampshire C. Pietrain D. Tamworth senile red blood cells:

.The action of the following body muscles is involuntary or A. Liver B. Lungs C. Spleen D. Thymus
is not under the control of the will except:
Explanation:
A. Skeletal muscle B. Smooth muscle
Spleen has a similar structure to a large lymph node, which
C. Visceral muscle D. Cardiac muscle primarily functions as a blood filter. The spleen plays an
important role in the red blood cells also known as
.The latest riverine buffalo breed imported by the
aserythrocytes and the digestive system. Old and damaged
Philippine Carabao Center to support its research and
RBC's are destroyed in the spleen and It is known as the
extension program on buffaloes was:
RBCs Graveyar.d
A. Indian Murrah Buffalo
. The following are considered functions of the bone
B. Bulgarian Murrah Buffalo except:

C. ltalian Murrah Buffalo A. Site for blood formation.

D. Brazilian Murrah Buffalo B. Gives rigidity and form to the body.

.Growth does not only involve increase in size and weight C. For storing minerals.
but also changes in the organs. The first to reach full
D. Circulation of blood.
development in the pigs body is:
1. Pigs belong to the family Suidae characterized by
A. Adipose B. Muscles
being/having:
C. Skeleton D. Reproductive system
A. Omnivorous B. Long mobile snout
.This is the site of fertilization in chicken:
C. Clove hooves D. Mammary glands
A. Fimbriae B. Infundibulum
2. The cardiovascular system transports oxygen and
C. Uterus D. Isthmus nutrients to the different organs of the body through:

.The economic trait in pigs that can be associated to feed A. Ducts B. Veins C. Arteries D. Lymph vessels
efficiency:

A. Litter size B.Growth rate

.The most efficient way of administering iron supplement
C. Back fat thickness D. Birth weight to piglets is by
A. Iron paste applied on the udder . It is used to crash or powder feedstuff to improve
ingestion, uniform mixing and digestibility.
B. Iron pellets fed to piglets a. Mortal and pestles b. Grinders
C. Iron dextran injected intramuscularly c. Hammer mill d. Chopper

D. Iron from natural sources like humus or top soil .A feed mixing equipment characterized by a U-shape bin
which contains a central mixing blade mounted on a
rotating shaft.
a. Horizontal mixers b. Rotary mixer
.Litter size of a sow in one farrowing includes
c. Micro mixer d. Vertical mixer
a. Only born alive piglets
.The recommended moisture content of most mixed ration
b. Includes born alive and stillborn piglets is _____%. This is to prevent microbial growth, chemical
change, and freshness.
c. Includes born alive, mummified and stillborn piglets a. 8-10 b. 10-12 c. 12-14 d. 14-16

d. Includes born alive, born dead and fostered piglets .Increased bulk density, reduced dustiness, prevent animal
from sorting feed ingredients, improved feed efficiency
.Throughput or batches per year in hog fattening operation
and digestibility are some of the advantages of
refers to
a. Mash b. Crumbles c. Pellets d. Whole grain
A. Number of fatteners in a pen per year
.A practice of increasing doubling the amount of feed for
B. Number of hogs marketed per year about 7-14 days prior to insemination in sows or feeding
concentrates to ruminants.
C. Number of fattening cycles per year a. Finishing b. Flushing
c. Conditioning d. All of these
D. Number of rearing piglets transferred per year
.In commercial feed milling, formulating ration is
.Improving moderately and highly heritable traits like
accomplished through ____
growth rate and carcass quality, respectively, respond well
to a. Linear programming b. Trial and Error
c. Pearson Square d. B & C
a. Natural selection b. Artificial selection
. It is a process by which different feed ingredients are
c. Both d. None
proportionally combined to give the animals the required
.Which of the following is considered as “ amount of nutrients they need.
browser”? a. Feed analysis b. Feed formulation
c. Feed milling d. Feed adulteration
a. Colt b. Buck‍ c. Ram d. Bull
. Poor feed quality and adulterated feed ingredients are
.The following is/are functions of the stomach EXCEPT? the two major problems in the feed milling industry, thus a
careful feed quality evaluation is required. If the evaluation
a. Nutrient Absorption ‍
is made with the naked eye or with the use of hand lens or
b. Storage of Ingested Feed compound microscope, it is called _____
a. Chemical Analysis b. Microscopy
c. Mechanical Breakdown
c. Sensitivity Analysis d. Visual Evaluation
d. Production of HCl, Enzymes and Mucus
.The following are feed materials containing more than
e. None of the above 18% crude fiber and are generally low in energy, except
____
.Which of the following animal undergoe induced
a. Hay b. Silage
ovulation?
c. Soilage d. Rice straw
a. Rabbit♂ b. Pig c. Horse d. Cow

.What do you call the situation wherein the poultry farm

. The following are classified as protein feed except
have infected chicken in the flock but not dead?
a. Soybean meal b. Tallow
a. Mortality b. Morbidity‍ c. Copra meal d. Fish meal

c. Zoonosis d. Infectivity .Flubendazole, mebendazole and piperazine are examples

of
a. Antibiotics b. Pigmenters of antioxidant, a substance that protects cells from
c. Dewormers d. Flavorings damage.
. Live beneficial microorganisms added to the diet to
improve the microbial balance of the animals is called Nutrients must be broken down into simple molecules
a. Antibiotics b. Prebiotics before it will be absorbed.
c. Probiotics d. Toxin binders .The basic unit of protein is ___________.
.__________refers to a chemical produced by a. Amino acid b. Fatty acid
microorganisms which can be added to a ration in a sub- c. Glycerol d. Simple sugar
therapeutic level. Explanation:
a. Antioxidants b. Antimold
c. Antibiotics d. Surfactants Along the way, food is broken down into tiny molecules so
that the body can absorb nutrients it needs: Protein must
.Limestone, sodium chloride and monocalcium phosphate be broken down into amino acids.
are examples of ____.
a. Feed additives b. Feed Supplements Micromineral essential for the formation of hemoglobin
related to oxygen transport and utilization.
c. Feedstuff d. Ration a. Manganese b. Iodine c. Iron d. Zinc
.Full-fat soybean meal is derived from _______ Explanation:
a. Drying soybean
b. Extracting of oil from soybean The metabolic requirement for iron is for the synthesis of
c. Grinding whole fresh soybean respiratory pigments (hemoglobin) that is needed for
d. Grinding whole dried soybean transporting oxygen from lungs to tissues. Iron is also a
cofactor for several metalloenzymes such as cytochromes,
.It is a by-product of oil extraction from dried coconut respiratory pigments (hemoglobin, myoglobin),
meat. peroxidases, and catalases.
a. Coco meat b. Canola meal
c. Copra meal d. Hominy .Rickets, osteomalacia and osteoporosis are condition
associated with deficiency in _____.
Explanation: a. Calcium b. Iodine c. Iron d. Magnesium
Copra meal, or coconut meal, is an important feed .Which of the following proteins is the major component of
ingredient and the by-product of the oil extraction from hairs, nails, hooves, horns, and teeth.
dried coconut kernels. a. Albumin b. Collagen c. Elastin d. Keratin
.A vitamin that promotes healthy immune system, heals Explanation:
wound and aids in absorption of iron.
a. Ascorbic acid b. Cyanocobalamin They constitute almost the entire dry weight of nails,
c. Retinol d. Tocopherol claws, beak, hooves, horns, hair, wool, and a large part of
the outer layer of the skin.

.The following are the environmental factors affecting

Explanation: laying hen behavior except:
Vitamin C, also called ascorbic acid, is an antioxidant that a. Endocrine activity b. Housing temperature
promotes healthy teeth and gums. It helps the body c. Humidity d. Airflow
absorb iron and maintain healthy tissue. It is also essential Answer: A
for wound healing. Explanation: Endocrine activity is one of the factors
.It works as a biological antioxidant and as a detoxifying affecting laying hen behavior but not an environmental
agent. factor. Environmental factors include proper housing
a. Ascorbic acid b. Cyanocobalamin temperature, humidity and airflow.
c. Menadione d. Tocopherol .How many percent protein is the composition of layer
Explanation: rations?
a. 23-24% b. 20-21% c. 19-20% d. 17-18%
Vitamin E (also known as tocopherol or alpha-tocopherol)
is a nutrient that is important for many body processes. It Answer: D
helps your nerves and muscles work well, prevents blood Explanation: Layer ration will generally contain a protein
clots, and boosts the immune system. Vitamin E is a type level ranging from 15 to as high as 18%.

. The regular frequency of feeding the layers is__?

a. Once a day b. Two times a day .All of the following are organs of the digestive system
c. Three times a day d. Four times a day except the
a. Nasopharynx b. Liver c. Tongue d. Esophagus
e . once in a lifetime
Explanation;
ca: B
nasopharynx is the top of your throat (pharynx),
Explanation: Feed layers two times a day to induce greater connecting your nose to your respiratory system. It
feed consumption, stirring the feed at least once or twice a contains adenoids, which help prevent infection. Also, your
day eustachian tubes connect from your ears to your
. What is the recommended amount of grits to feed the nasopharynx, draining fluid and balancing pressure.
layers per week? .The main functions of the digestive system are
a. 227 g (0.5 lb) per 50 layers a. Ingestion and digestion b. Propulsion and secretion c.
b. 227 g (0.5 lb) per 100 layers Absorption and elimination d. all of
c. 136 g (0.5 lb) per 50 layers the above
d. 136 g (0.5 lb) per 100 layers
Explanation:
Answer: B
Explanation: There is experimental evidence that feeding The digestive system ingests and digests food, absorbs
grit to caged layers will improve egg production although released nutrients, and excretes food components that are
the amount of grit necessary is small, 227 g (0.5 lb) grit per indigestible. The six activities involved in this process are
100 layers per week. ingestion, motility, mechanical digestion, chemical
6. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE in digestion, absorption, and defecation.
preparing the pullets for laying?
a. If the house has been void with birds for some time and .What is the scientific name of Madre de agua?
has been cleaned, it will need new litter. a. Lantana camara
b. Add litter about 3 in. (10 cm) during colder months. b. Trichanthera gigantea
c. Nest should be in the laying house, and open, about a c. Gliricidia sepium
week before the first eggs are laid. d. Centrocema pubescens
d. Open the nest at night, even before eggs are produced.
It is a good management habit to allow pullets to remain in .How does food move through the digestive tract?
the nests overnight. a. By gravity

Answer: D b. By wavelike muscle contractions

Explanation: The statement is False. The correct statement c. By cilia
is: Close the nest at night, even before eggs are produced. d. By chemical absorption
It is a bad management habit to allow pullets to remain in
.Which of the following is the proper order of structures
the nests overnight.
that food must pass through on its way to the stomach?
.Which sequence lists the regions of the large intestine in a. Mouth, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, esophagus,
order, from the end of the ileum to the anus? stomach
a. Cecum, rectum, anal canal, colon b. Mouth, oropharynx, esophagus, stomach
b. Colon, rectum, anal canal, cecum c. Mouth, nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx,
c. Cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal esophagus, stomach
d. Colon, cecum, rectum, anal canal d. Mouth, laryngopharynx, oropharynx, nasopharynx,
stomach
.Which list proceeds from the superior to the inferior end
of the stomach? Explanation:
a. Pylorus, fundus, cardia, body
Once food is swallowed, from the mouth it moves into the
b. Cardia, body, fundus, pylorus
oropharynx, laryngopharynx, and then passes into the
c. Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus
esophagus and into the stomach.
d. Body, cardia, pylorus, fundus
.What would result if a disaccharide went through
.Which selection includes only accessory digestive organs? hydrolysis?
a. Salivary glands, thyroid gland, pancreas, liver a. You would get two disaccharides.
b. Stomach, duodenum, pancreas, gallbladder b. You would get a disaccharide and a monosaccharide.
c. Gallbladder, liver, pancreas, salivary glands c. You would get a polysaccharide.
d. Liver, thyroid gland, gallbladder, spleen d. You would get two monosaccharides.
Answer: D
Explanation: Carbohydrates are also known as sugars or .The following are starch except:
saccharides. Hydrolysis is a reaction with water. Hydrolysis a. Amylose b. Amylopectin
reactions are also referred to as hydrolytic reactions. Acid c. Dextrin 😇 d. Glycogen
hydrolysis of disaccharides produces monosaccharides by
breaking the glycosidic links (ether bonds) between Explanation:
monomer units in the structure of the molecule. Dextrin a soluble gummy substance obtained by hydrolysis
.How does bile aid in digestion? of starch, used as a thickening agent and in adhesives and
a. It breaks down proteins in chemical digestion to prepare dietary supplements
for absorption. 55. The water content from feeds ranges between
b. It neutralizes the acid from the stomach. a. 5-10% b. 8-30%😇 c. 18-30% d. 5-8%
c. It breaks down fats to smaller particles in chemical
digestion to prepare for absorption. .A mineral mainly found in the skeleton and the remainder
in soft tissues and body fluids.
d. It breaks down carbohydrates into smaller molecular
chains in chemical digestion to prepare for absorption. a. Manganese b. Potassium c. Calcium
Answer: C d. Magnesium😇
Explanation: Digestion is the process of mechanically and
Explanation:
enzymatically breaking down food into substances for
absorption into the bloodstream. Bile is fluid that is made Tissue distribution and functions of magnesium Of the
and released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Bile body's magnesium, 30-40 percent is found in muscles and
helps with digestion by breaking down fats into fatty acids, soft tissues, 1 percent is found in extracellular fluid, and
which can be taken into the body by the digestive tract. the remainder is in the skeleton, where it accounts for up
to 1 percent of bone ash (4, 5)
.Which of the following enzymes digests protein?
a. Pepsin b. Lipase c. Trypsin .This nutrient deficiency in humans can lead to the
d. Pepsin and Trypsin😇 development of beriberi.
a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin B1😇
.The major movement of food through the GI tract is called
c. Vitamin D d. Vitamin E
a. Peristalsis😇 b. Segmentation
c. Hostile churning d. Chyme propulsion Explanation:
Answer: A
Explanation: The primary functions of the GI tract include Beriberi is a disease caused by a vitamin B1 deficiency, also
prehension of food and water; mastication, salivation, and known as thiamine deficiency. It often occurs in developing
swallowing of food; digestion of food and absorption of countries among people with a diet that consists mostly of
nutrients; maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance; white rice or highly refined carbohydrates. There are two
and evacuation of waste products. types of the disease: wet beriberi.
These functions can be broadly characterized as: motility,
.The following are group of carbohydrates except:
secretion, digestion, absorption, blood flow, and
a. Starch b. Fiber c. Legume😇
metabolism. Normal GI tract motility involves peristalsis,
d. Sugar
muscle activity that moves ingesta from the esophagus to
the rectum; segmentation movements, which churn and .The principal function of this nutrient is to provide the
mix the ingesta; and segmental resistance and sphincter amino acids needed for the synthesis of body cells and
tone, which retard aboral progression of gut contents. In tissues
ruminants, these movements are of major importance in a. Carbohydrates b. Proteins😇
normal forestomach function. c. Minerals d. Fats

Explanation:
57. All of the B vitamins contain nitrogen except:
a. Thiamine b. Riboflavin c. Nicotinamide d. Protein catabolism provides a source of organic nitrogen.
Inositol😇 Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and protein
breakdown provides amino acids that are used for cellular
.All of the B vitamins contain nitrogen except: function.
a. Thiamine b. Riboflavin
c. Nicotinamide d. Inositol .Its structure contains an aldehyde or a ketone group in
their structure
Ca. C a. Carbohydrates😇 b. Proteins
c. Minerals d. Fats
48. It is a nitrogen-containing polysaccharide which is a The pancreas maintains the body's blood glucose (sugar)
principal constituent of the exoskeleton of insects, balance. Primary hormones of the pancreas include insulin
crustaceans and arachnids. and glucagon, and both regulate blood glucose.
a. Pectin b. Dextrin
c. Chitin😇 d. Cellobiose 40. It is the regurgitation of ingesta from the reticulum,
followed by remastication and reswallowing.
Explanation: a. Eructation b. Defecation
c. Rumination😇 d. All of the above
chitin The organic matrix of the hard parts of the Answer: C
exoskeleton of insects and crustaceans, and present in Explanation: Rumination is the process of movement of
small amounts in mushrooms. It is an insoluble and ingesta back-up the esophagus to the mouth for additional
indigestible non‐starch polysaccharide, similar to cellulose, mechanical breakdown – “chewing the cud”.
but composed of N‐acetylglucosamine units rather than
glucose. .What is the process of removing the gases in ruminants?
a. Farting b. Eructation😇
.This carbohydrate is obtained from the hydrolysis of c. Bloating d. None of the above
starch. Answer: B
a. Glucose b. Mannose c. Fructose😇 d. Galactose Explanation: Eructation is the process of belching of gas
which allows removal of large volumes of gases produced
.It is classified as less than ten simple sugars in the rumen. In this process, contractions of the upper
a. Monosaccharides b. Disaccharides part rumen force the gas up the esophagus and from
c. Oligosaccharides😇 d. Polysaccharides there, the gas penetrates into the trachea and lungs.

Explanation: . It is a flexible tube that connects the mouth with the rest
of the digestive tract.
Oligosaccharides represent carbohydrates that contain
a. Pharynx b. Esophagus😇
between 3 and 10 single sugar residues and are not
c. Trachea d. Ceca
relatively abundant in the diet when compared to other
more common carbohydrates like those in the disaccharide Explanation:
category. Common oligosaccharides include raffinose,
stachyose, and verbascose. The esophagus is a flexible tube that connects the mouth
with the rest of the digestive tract. It carries food from the
45. The following are examples of hexoses except: mouth to the crop and from the crop to the proventriculus.
a. Ribose😇 b. Galactose
c. Glucose d. Xylose .It is a feed ingredient commonly added to chicken feed
that aids in digestion.
Explanation: a. Marble b. Saw dust c. Rice hull d. Grits😇

The most common hexoses are glucose, galactose, .This organ receives digestive enzymes and bicarbonate
mannose, and fructose. The first three are aldoses, from the pancreas and bile from the liver.
whereas fructose is a ketose. a. Duodenum😇 b. Jejunum c. Ileum
d. Large Intestine
This mineral is needed for hydrochloric acid production in
the stomach. Explanation:
a. Chlorine😇 b. Potassium
c. Choline d. Magnesium The first part of the small intestine. It connects to the
stomach. The duodenum helps to further digest food
.The part of an organ where bile salts from the liver and coming from the stomach. It absorbs nutrients (vitamins,
pancreas are released for fat digestion. minerals, carbohydrates, fats, proteins) and water from
a. Ceca b. Duodenum😇 food so they can be used by the body.
c. Jejunum d. Ileum
.This organ serves as an out-pocketing of the esophagus
Explanation: Duodenum is an active site of digestion that that provides storage for consumed food.
receives secretions from the pancreas, liver and intestinal a. Proventriculus b. Crop😇
walls. c. Gizzard d. Gastric Stomach

.This organ produces hormones most notably glucagon and Explanation:

insulin, which are the primary regulators of blood sugar
levels. The crop is an out-pocketing of the esophagus and is
a. Pancreas😇 b. Liver c. Kidney d. Spleen located just outside the body cavity in the neck region.

Explanation: .The other term for male goat is

a. Billy✔️b. Dilly c. Timmy d. Jonny 4. symphysis – joints in which bones are united by
flattened discs of fibrocartilage. e.g. between bodies of
.The other term for female goat is adjacent vertebrae
a. Nanny b. Jenny c.Kelly d. Golly 5. gomphosis – joints between a tooth and its socket
.This is the neuroepithelial portion of the nervous tunic of ca : D
the eyes
...
a. Retina b. Iris c. Pupil d. Choroid
.This portion of the brain does not subdivide during
.This is a musculomembranous partition that separates the development from embryo to adult
thoracic from the abdominal cavity
A. forebrain B. midbrain C. hindbrain D.
a. Pleurae b. Peritoneum pituitary stalk E. Nota
c. Diaphragm d. Mesentery parts of the brain
.This is lymphoid organ that acts as graveyard for old or The three main regions of the brain are the hindbrain
senile red blood cells (rhombencephalon), midbrain (mesencephalon) and the
a. Liver b. Spleen c. Lungs d. Thymus forebrain (prosencephalon).

.The skull, vertebral bones, ribs and sternum belong to Hindbrain- composed of the cerebellum, pons, medulla
what division of the body skeleton? oblongata and the fourth ventricle.

A. axial skeleton B. appendicular skeleton Midbrain - portion of the brain that does not subdivide
during the development from embryo to adult and
C. visceral skeleton D. irregular skeleton composed of the two cerebral peduncles and the
four quadrigeminal bodies
Divisions of the body skeleton
Forebrain- composed of the thalamus, hypothalamus,
axial skeleton – composed of the bones of the skull,
third ventricles, cerebrum, olfactory tracts and bulbs
vertebrae, ribs and sternum
ca: B
appendicular skeleton – composed of the bones of the
anterior and posterior limbs ...

visceral skeleton – bones that developed in the soft tissues Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals which relay,
of the body.. amplify, and modulate signals between a a neuron and
another cell. The following are examples of
Ca.A
neurotransmitters except:
...
A. acetylcholine B. norepinephrine .
Synarthrodial joints are joints which are united by fibrous
C. gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
tissue or cartilage. The joint between a tooth and its socket
is an example of what type of immovable joint? D. glycerol

A. sutures B. syndesmoses C. synchondroses D. Neurotransmitters

gomphosis E. Nota F. Aota
Acetylcholine (parasympathetic neurotransmitter)
Types of immovable joints
Norepinephrine or noradrenalin (sympathetic
1. sutures – joints where bones are united by fibrous neurotransmitter)
connective tissue (ligaments) along lines which can be
extremely irregular. e.g. joints found in the skull Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

2. syndesmoses – joints in which white fibrous and/or Glycine

yellow elastic tissues unite the bones. e.g. union of the ...
shafts of the metacarpals in horse
.This refers to the range of temperature in which the
3. synchondroses – joints in which bones are united by animal’s performance could be maximized:
cartilage. e.g. union of the diaphysis and epiphysis of an
immature bone A. comfort zoneB. critical temperature
C. adaptation zone D. acclimatization temperature . It is the last part of the small intestine that is involved in
nutrient absorption.
Comfort zone – range of temperature at which the a. Cardiac region b. Pyloric region c.
animal’s performance is maximized Peptic gland region d. Duodenum
Critical temperature – temperature at which an animal e. Ileum😇
must increase or decrease the oxidation of energy sources Explanation:
in order to maintain body temperature
Ileum: This last section is the longest part of your small
... intestine. The ileum is where most of the nutrients from
The structures of the integumentary system have these your food are absorbed before emptying into the large
functions except: intestine.

A. protective envelope .It is a part of the stomach that is primarily mucus

producing cells.
B. secretory and excretory mechanism a. Cardiac region b. Pyloric region😇
c. Peptic gland region d. Duodenum e. Ileum
C. temperature regulation
23. It is an example of a water-soluble vitamin.
D. serve as levers
a. Inositol b. Vitamin B1 c. Vitamin B2
Functions of the integumentary system d. Vitamin B6 e. all of the above😇

functions as a protective envelope Answer: E

Explanation: Examples of water-soluble vitamins: Vit.
as a secretory and excretory mechanism B1(Thiamine), Vit. B2 (Riboflavin),
Vit. B6 (Pyridoxine), Vit. B12 (Cobalamin), Niacinamide,
as a sense organ
Pantothenic Acid, Vitamin H
temperature-regulating device (Biotin), Folic Acid, Vit. C (Ascorbic Acid)

as a respiratory structure 22. It is an example of a fat-soluble vitamin

a. Cobalamin b. Retinol😇 c. Biotin
ca: D d. Thiamine e. Ascorbic Acid
Answer: B
...
Explanation: Examples of Fat-soluble vitamins are: (Vit. A)
28. It can be described as controlled vomiting. Retinol, (Vit. D) Ergosterol, (Vit.
a. Esophageal groove b. Rumination😅 E) Alpha-tocopherol, (Vit. K) Phylloquinone
c. Eructation d. Belching
.It is a disease caused by carbohydrates deficiency.
e. none of the above
a. Marasmus😇 b. Kwashiorkor
Answer: B
c. Avitaminosis d. all of the above
Explanation: Rumination is a controlled set of contractions
e. none of the above
of the esophagus, reticulum and rumen that allows the
ingesta to be regurgitated back up to the esophagus where Explanation:
fluids are swallowed again and additional re-mastication
and re-swallowing of solids occurs. Nutrient deficiency is the main cause of marasmus. It
occurs in children that don't ingest enough protein,
.A favorable condition in the rumen for the calories, carbohydrates, and other important nutrients.
microorganisms. This is usually due to poverty and a scarcity of food.
a. Anaerobic environment b. Moisture
c. Removal of toxic end-products .It is the most abundant mineral element in the animal
d. Constant warm temperature body.
e. All of the above😇
a. Ni b. Znc. d. Ca😇 e. F
.The first section of the large intestine that is relatively
large in the horse and rabbit
a. Cecum😇 b. Colon c. Rectum d. Duodenum Explanation:
e. Ileum
Calcium is an important mineral nutrient. It is the major
Explanation: component of bones and teeth. Hence, it is easily the most
abundant mineral element in the animal body.
Cecum a pouch connected to the junction of the small and
large intestines.
19. It is an example of a macro mineral. .All are examples of essential amino acids EXCEPT for
a. Ni b. Zn c. I d. Ca😇 e. F ______
Answer: D a. Alanine😇 b. Arginine c. Leucine
Explanation: Macrominerals are normally present at d. Lysine e. Isoleucine
greater levels in the animal body or needed in relatively Answer: A
large amounts in the diet. Examples are: Mg, P, Ca, Cl, Na, Explanation: Essential amino acids are those amino acids
K, S that must be supplied in the diet because the animal
cannot synthesize or cannot synthesize them fast enough
.It is an example of a trace mineral. to meet its requirement. Examples of essential amino
a. Cu b. Zn c. Co d. F acids: threonine, valine, tryptophan, isoleucine, lysine,
e. All of the above😇 leucine, phenylalanine, methionine, histidine, arginine.
Answer: E
Explanation: Microminerals (trace minerals) are normally 12. It is determined by subjecting the residual food from
present at low levels in the animal body or needed in very the ether extraction to successive treatments with boiling
small amounts in the diet. Examples are: Co, Fe, Cu, I, Mn, acid and alkali of defined concentration. It contains
Mo, Se, Zn, F, Ni, Cr cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses.
a. Crude protein b. Ash c. Ether extract
16. It is considered the first limiting amino acid in poultry d. Crude fiber😇 e. moisture content
nutrition
a. Alanine b. Arginine c. Leucine d. Lysine Explanation:
e. Methionine😇
Crude fiber the chiefly cellulose material obtained as a
Explanation: residue in the chemical analysis of vegetable substances
(as foods and animal feeds)
Methionine is usually the first limiting amino acid in most
of the practical diets for broiler chicken. Lysine is often one .This fraction is determined by subjecting the food to a
of the limiting amino acids in broiler diets. As such, it used continuous extraction with petroleum ether for a defined
as the reference amino acid to which all other essential period.
amino acids are rationed in the ideal amino acid pattern. a. Crude protein b. Ash c. Ether extract😇
d. Crude fiber e. Moisture content
.It is considered the first limiting amino acid in swine
nutrition Explanation:
a. Alanine b. Arginine c. Leucine d. Lysine😇
e. Isoleucine A dried, ground sample is extracted with diethyl ether
which dissolves fats, oils, pigments and other fat soluble
Explanation: substances. The ether is then evaporated from the fat
solution. The resulting residue is weighed and referred to
Lysine is typically the first-limiting amino acid in most as ether extract or crude fat.
swine diets because the requirement of lysine is greater
relative to the amount provided in the diet. 10. It is calculated from the nitrogen content of the feed
and determined by a modification of a technique originally
devised by Kjeldahl over 100 years.
a. Crude protein😇 b. Ash c. Ether extract
d. Crude fiber e. Moisture content

Explanation:
17. All are examples of non-essential amino acids EXCEPT
for ______ The crude protein procedure estimates the quantity of
a. Cysteine bb. Glycine c. Proline d. Serine e. protein and nonprotein nitrogen compounds in the
Isoleucine😇 feedstuff.
Answer: E 9. It is determined by ignition of a known weight of the
Explanation: Non-essential amino acids are amino acids feed at 550°C until all carbon has been removed.
which are essential to the animal but are normally a. Crude protein b. Ash😇 c. Ether extract
synthesized or sufficient in the diet and need not be d. Crude fiber e. Moisture content
supplemented.
Examples of non-essential amino acids: alanine, 8. It is determined as the loss in weight that results from
asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, cystine, glutamic acid, drying a known weight of feed to constant weight at 100°C
glutamine, glycine, hydroxyproline, proline, serine, a. Crude protein b. Ash c. Ether extract
tyrosine. d. Crude fiber e. Moisture content😇
Explanation: 3. It is the cheapest and most abundant nutrient that
makes up 65 – 85 % of the animal’s body weight at birth
Loss on drying is a widely used test method to determine and 45 – 60% of the body weight at maturity
the moisture content of a sample, although occasionally it a. Carbohydrates b. Fats c. Proteins
may refer to the loss of any volatile matter from the d. Minerals e. Water😇
sample. Loss in drying does not usually refer to molecularly
bound water or water of crystallisation. Explanation:

.A class of nutrients that yields 2.25 times more energy Water is the most abundant, cheapest, and least
than carbohydrates or proteins understood of all nutrients required for livestock
a. Vitamins b. Fats😇 c. Water production.Water is a nutrient that makes up 60% of our
d. Minerals e. Proteins body weight. It is important in many functions, it is part of
Answer: B every cell in every tissue in the body. Water carries other
Explanation: Fats or lipids are a group of compounds with nutrients to all parts of the body, it carries waste out of the
C, H, and O just like carbohydrates; however, there is much body and it helps to regulate body temperature.
more of carbon and hydrogen than oxygen.
The series of processes by which an organism takes in and
Fats are insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents assimilates food for promoting growth and replacing worn-
like petroleum ether, hexane, etc. they are high energy out or injured tissues.
materials, supplying 2.25 more energy than carbohydrates a. Digestion b. Absorption
and proteins. Some oil-bearing plants include coconut, oil c. Metabolism d. Nutrition😇 e. None of the above
palm, rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, etc. Pork fat is called
lard, and beef fat is tallow. Explanation:

The process by which living organisms take in food and use

it to obtain nutrients for growth and development is called
6. It is an organic nutrient required in small quantities nutrition.
necessary for regulating metabolic processes, but does not
become an actual component of body structures .It is the breakdown of feed particles into suitable products
a. Vitamins😇 b. Lipids c. Water d. Minerals for absorption that includes mechanical forces, chemical
e. Proteins action and enzyme activity.
a. Digestion😇 b. Absorption
Explanation: c. Metabolism d. Nutrition e. None of the above

Vitamins water-soluble or fat-soluble organic Explanation:

nutrient need in small quantities for growth, for preventing
some diseases, and for regulating body functions. Digestion is the process of mechanically and enzymatically
breaking down food into substances for absorption into
5. A classification of nutrient that makes up approximately the bloodstream. The food contains three macronutrients
¾ of plant dry weight and thus the largest part of the that require digestion before they can be absorbed: fats,
animals feed supply carbohydrates, and proteins.
a. Carbohydrates😇 b. Fats c. Proteins
d. Minerals e. Water .Feed is any material of nutritive value fed to animals for
the purpose of sustaining them. Example of feed is:
Explanation:
a.Ground corn😇 b.Salt c.Vitamin premix
Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are the main types of d.All of the above
macronutrients in food ... They supply 90% of the dry
weight of the diet and 100% of its energy. .Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the thyroid cells are
compensatory mechanisms to counteract the deficiency of
.The dietary requirement of this nutrient is highest in which mineral?
young growing animals and decline gradually to maturity a. Iodine😇 b. Phosphorus c. Calcium d. Iron
a. Carbohydrates b. Fats
c. Proteins😇 d. Minerals e. Water .Sexual receptivity, which coincides with estrus in animals
that exhibit estrous cycle, is due to large amount of:
Explanation: a. Testoterone b. Progesterone c. Estrogen😇
d. Relaxin
Generally, a growing animal requires higher concentrations
of protein (amino acids), calcium, and energy in the diet to .Which of the following breed of livestock or poultry was
support basic physiological processes in addition to bone, NOT developed by Filipino animal breeders at the UP
connective tissue, muscle, and coat formation. College of Agriculture in the 1920s?
a.Berkjala pigs b.Los Banos Cantonese chickens Xerophthalmia is a progressive eye disease caused by
c.Pekin ducks😇 d. Philamen cattle vitamin A deficiency. Lack of vitamin A can dry out your
tear ducts and eyes. Xerophthalmia can develop into night
.Unsexed female fowl is known as blindness or more serious damage to your cornea, the
a.Capon b.Pullet😇 outer layer of your eye.
c.Poulard d.Poult .Vitamin containing cyanide group attached to the cobalt
Explanation: atom, which is responsible for the name of
Cyanocobalamin.
An adult female bird is called a hen and a sexually a. B1 b. B2 c. B6 d. B12😇
immature female is called a pullet.
47. A male fowl one year old or over Explanation:
a.Cob b.Gobbler c.Cock😇 d.Drake Cyanocobalamin (commonly known as Vitamin B12) is a
COCK: A male chicken over one year of age. COCKEREL: A highly complex, essential vitamin, owing its name to the
male chicken less than 1 year old. COMB: The fleshy fact that it contains the mineral, cobalt.
growth or crest on the top of a chicken's head. .Farm animals are classified according to type of GI tracts:
.Animals whose lungs has no subdivisions or lobes except Ruminants include:
for intermediate lobe are a. Cattle, carabaos and horses
a. Dogs b. Swine c. Cats d. Horses😇 b. Cattle, carabaos and sheep😇

.Young domestic ostrich in the downy stage. c. Cattle, carabaos and pig
a.Chick b.Poult -young domestic turkey d. Cattle, pigs and chicken
c. Keet 😇 d.Gosling .Lack of vitamin C is characterized by, swollen, bleeding,
43. A hormone, which augments the sympathetic nervous ulcerated gums, loose teeth, malformed and big joints and
system and prepares for emergency is fragility of the capillaries with resulting hemorrhages
a.Vasopressin b.Intermeden c.Oxytoxin through the body. Such condition is called:
d.Epinephrine😇 a. Beri-beri b. Pellagra c. Scurvy😇
d. Dermatitis
.Native chicken are popular because people
a.People like the eggs of native chicken😇 Scurvy is the name for a vitamin C deficiency. It can lead to
b.People prefer the top meat anemia, debility, exhaustion, spontaneous bleeding, pain
c.Maintenance cost are low in the limbs, and especially the legs, swelling in some parts
d.All of the above of the body, and sometimes ulceration of the gums and
loss of teeth.
.Muscles expel or force out secretion of organs except:
a.Accessory glands b.Sweet glands .In young animals lack of Calcium result to enlarged joints,
c.Endocrine glands d.Lymp gland😇 soft and deformed bones. Such condition is called:
a. Rickets 😇 b. Osteomalacia
.The term that refers to the meat coming from cattle of c. Osteoporosis
less than one year of age: d. None of the above
a. Beef b. Veal😇 c. Mutton d. Chevon

.Ruminants have only one true gastric stomach but with

additional compartments which involved for fiber Rickets is a rare disease of young, growing animals that
digestion. The true gastric stomach in ruminants is: causes soft and deformed bones. It is commonly caused by
a.Abomasum😇 b.Rumen c.Omasum d.Reticulum insufficient phosphorus or vitamin D in the diet. More
rarely, calcium deficiency is to blame.
Explanation:
.Animals which feed on both plants and animals are called:
Cattle have a highly developed, large omasum. The a. Hervibores b. Carnivores
abomasum is the “true stomach” of a ruminant. c. Omnivores😇 d. Homivores

Vitamin A helps maintain normal vision in dim light. Explanation:

Extreme vitamin A deficiency may lead to night blindness.
Such condition is called: Animals that eat plants exclusively are herbivores, and
a. Xeropthalmia😇 b. Octeomalacia animals that eat only meat are carnivores. When animals
c. Encephalomalacia d. Agalactia eat both plants and meat, they are called omnivores.

Explanation:
.Destruction of beta cells of the _____ will lead into a ca: esophageal groove
disease condition known as diabetes mellitus
a. Liver b. Kidney c. Pancreas😇 d. Adrenalin .Hormones have different modes of transmission, if a
hormone is transported through blood circulation, this is
Explanation: referred to as

Several pathogenic processes are involved in the A. neurocrine transmission

development of diabetes. These range from autoimmune
destruction of the β-cells of the pancreas with consequent B. paracrine transmission
insulin deficiency to abnormalities that result in resistance C. endocrine transmission
to insulin action.
D. exocrine transmission
.A kind of blood cells (cellular element), which is non-
nucleated and contains hemoglobin. ca: C
a.Erythrocyte😇 b.Lymphocyte
.Modes of transmission of hormones
c.Thrombocyte d.Monocyte
Neurocrine – hormones diffuse through synaptic clefts
Explanation:
between neurons (oxytocin)
Erythrocytes (red blood cells), Thrombocytes, Yeast,
Paracrine – hormones diffuse through interstitial fluid
Platelets or bacteria, and Sieve tube cells are all examples
(prostaglandin)
of non-nucleated cells.
Endocrine – hormones transported through blood
.Splanchnic circulation is a part of system circulation that
circulation (FSH)
supplies blood to the:
a.Heart b.Kidney c.Liver d.Digestive tract😇 Exocrine – hormone is secreted to the exterior of the body
(enterogastrone)
Explanation:
.Erythropoietin is a hormone which regulates erythrocyte
The term 'splanchnic circulation' describes the blood flow
production in normal animal; this hormone is secreted by
to the abdominal gastrointestinal organs including the
what organ of the body?
stomach, liver, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, and large
intestine. A. stomach B. bone
... C. kidney D. liver
.This structure is considered as site of exchange between ca: C
blood and the interstitial fluid that surrounds all cells
Erythropoietin (Erythrocyte Stimulating Factor or ESF) is a
A. alveoli B. glomerulus C. capillaries D. hormone secreted by the kidneys responsible for the
lymph vessels regulation of erythrocyte production in normal animal
ca: C .Estrogen is the female hormone secreted by the ovarian
follicle, it is involved in the following functions except:
Capillaries – minute blood vessels that lie between the
terminal arteries and the beginning of veins. This is where A. initiation of sexual receptivity
the transfer nutrients from blood to tissues and waste
products from tissues (interstitial cells) to blood occurs B. regulation of secretion of luteinizing hormone

Alveoli – functional unit of the lungs C. promotion of the lobuloalveolar growth in the
mammary gland
Glomerulus - tuft of capillaries interposed on the course of
an arteriole in the nephron D. stimulation of duct growth in the mammary gland

Lymph vessels – vessels involved in the lymphatic system Functions of Estrogen

.Digestion of roughages in ruminant happens in the rumen, Stimulation of endometrial gland growth
however in young ruminants, this structure causes milk to
Stimulation of the duct growth in the mammary gland
bypass the rumen and reticulum and pass through the
omasum directly to the abomasum. Initiation of sexual receptivity

A. esophageal groove B. ruminoreticular groove Regulation of secretion of LH

C. ruminal pillar D. esophageal sphincter Ca.c

.Which of these muscles pull the flaccid penis back into the A. protease B. lipase
prepuce during ejaculation?
C. bicarbonates D. amylase
A. bulbospongiosus muscle
ca: C
B. retractor penis muscle
Pancreatic protease – enzyme that acts on proteins
C. ischiocavernous muscle
Pancreatic lipase – enzyme that hydrolyzes dietary
D. cremaster muscle triglycerides (fats)

muscle of male genitalia Pancreatic amylase – enzyme that hydrolyzes starch

Cremaster muscle – this muscle pulls the testis up against Bicarbonates – neutralize acidity of chyme from stomach
the external inguinal ring particularly in cold weather
...
Bulbospongiosus muscle – helps in transport of urine or
semen through the pelvic urethra .These are basket cells that surround the alveoli and ducts
that causes contraction during milk let down
Ischiocavernous muscles – pull the penis upward against
the floor of the pelvis A. glomerulus B. myoepithelial cells

Retractor penis muscles – pull the flaccid penis back into C. lacteals D. capillaries
the prepuce ca: B
.The S-shape structure in the penis is called the sigmoid The alveoli and ducts are surrounded by contractile
flexure. Erection causes extension of this structure. myoepithelial cells, which are also called basket cells.
Sigmoid flexure is located pre-scrotally in what male These cells contract when the milk letdown occurs.
animal?

A. boar B. stallion C. bull D. ram

ca: 😊
.The major protein constituent of milk that comprise the
Ruminants – Sigmoid flexure is located post-scrotally known curd is
Pig – Sigmoid flexure is located pre-scrotally A. rennin B. casein
... C. albumin D. inhibin
.Cattle (Cow, Buffaloes)Goats, and sheep belong to family? ca: B
a. Cervidae b. Equidae Caseins constitute the major part of the milk proteins.
c. Hominidae d. Bovidae These protein fractions are insoluble at a pH of 4.6 and
.General term for any class of animals of Bovine family, comprise what is known as the curd.
Genus Bos .In ruminants, dietary carbohydrates are fermented in the
a. Cow b. Cattle c. Bull d. Nota rumen to become volatile fatty acids. What VFA is the
major source of glucose and glycogen in the ruminant?
.The epididymis is a male structure with the following
functions except: A. propionic acid B. acetic acid

A. serves as storage space for spermatozoa C. lactic acid D. butyric acid

B. reabsorbs seminiferous tubular fluid ca: A

C. site of maturation for spermatozoa Ruminant microflora break down cellulose into digestible
polysaccharides (Volatile Fatty Acid) – acetic acid,
D. none of the above✅ propionic acid and butyric acid

.Only the exocrine secretions of the pancreas are involved These substances pass into the bloodstream through the
in the digestive process. Which of the following secretions rumen wall.
are involved in the neutralization of the chyme from the
stomach?
Utilization of volatile fatty acid acetate provides 38. These substances in meat are responsible for the so-
nonspecific source of energy and can be synthesized into called gamey flavor of meat of wild animals
fatty acid or ketone bodies
a. Nitrogenous extractives c. Fats
Propionate is synthesized into glucose by the liver and
provides about half the total glucose, which enters a b. Sarcoplasmic proteins d. Carbohydrates
ruminant metabolism. Butyrate can give rise to acetate .Which of the following is not affected by water or
and form ketone bodies. moisture content in the meat?
.In newborn ruminant, the largest compartment of its a. Texture c. Juiciness
stomach is the:
b. Color d. None of the above
A. omasum B. rumen
.This refers to the meat of cattle slaughtered before one
C. abomasum D. reticulum year of age
ca: Abomasum a. Venison c. Beef b. Veal d.. Mutton
In a calf at birth, the abomasum is the largest 35. Which of the following muscles yield the less tender
compartment of the stomach, making up more than 50 meat?
percent of the total stomach area. The reticulorumen and
omasum account for 35 percent and 14 percent of the a. Leg muscle c. Rib
total stomach area in the newborn calf.
b. Back muscle d. Rump
.Only the exocrine secretions of the pancreas are involved
.Which is not considered as a red meat?
in the digestive process. Which of the following secretions
are involved in the neutralization of the chyme from the a. Beef c. Mutton b. Pork d.
stomach? None of the above
A. protease B. lipase

C. bicarbonates D. amylase 33. This refers to the meat of rabbit

ca: C a. Mutton c. Star meat
Pancreatic protease – enzyme that acts on proteins b. Lapan d. Venison
Pancreatic lipase – enzyme that hydrolyzes dietary .This is the muscle which retracts the testicles against the
triglycerides (fats) body to protect it from excessive cold
Pancreatic amylase – enzyme that hydrolyzes starch a. Bulbocavernous muscle c. Retractor
Bicarbonates – neutralize acidity of chyme from stomach b. Cremaster d. Urethral muscle
... 31. This refers to animal tissues which are suitable for food
.Which is not an advantage of fasting animals prior to a. Meat c. Lean b. Fat d. Muscle
slaughter?
.Phase of estrous cycle where the corpus luteum is
a. Save feeds c. Low shrinkage developed and progesterone is secreted
b. Ease of cleaning entrails d. Short shelf-life a. Proestrus c. Estrus
40. The water requirement for slaughtering a head of b. Metestrus d. Diestrus
cattle or carabao
29. The length of estrus period of cattle
a. 30 gallons c. 15 gallons
a. 30 hours c. 21 hours
b. 60 gallons d. 35 gallons
b. 18 hours d. 4 hours
37. This is a protein that greatly influence the tenderness
of the muscle after cooking .This refer to a rise in body temperature that develops
during pathological conditions
a. Collagen c. Reticulin
a. Fever,🙏 c. Hyperthermia
b. Elastin d.Myosin
 b. Hypothermia d. Heat stroke A. Farrowing index C. Parity

27. This is the yellow body formed from the ruptured B. Farrowing interval D.None of the above
graafian follicle
Ca.D
a. Corpus hemorrhagicum c. Corpus luteum🙏
...
b. Corpus albicans d. Corpus anthrum
.This hormone is responsible for the development of sperm
.Which of the following is not a way of removing moisture cells in the seminiferous tubules.
or water from animals body?
a. Luteinizing hormone c. Testosterone
a. Panting c. Respiration
b. Follicle stimulating hormone
b. Sweating d. None of the above
d. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
25. The average body temperature of goat is
17. What hormone is responsible for broodiness in
a. 37.6oC c. 39.1 oC🙏 chicken?

b. 38.3 oC d. 40.1 oC a. Prolactin c. Progesterone

.Protozoans that move by making projections like amoeba b. Estrogen d. Oxytocin

are called
16. Part of the oviduct in chicken which is responsible for
a. Sporozoa c. Flagellates the secretion of albumen

b. Rhizopoda🙏 d. Ciliates a. Uterus c. Magnum

.... b. Isthmus d. Fimbrae

swine production 15. Which of the following accessory sex glands in male is
absent in tom?
.Type of operation, starts with a pregnant sows to produce
slaughter pigs weighing 80 -90 kg. a. Seminal vesicles c. Cowpers gland

A. Farrow to Farrow to finish breeder b. Prostate gland d. Bulbourethral glands

B. Grower .Which of these cells produce the hormone testosterone?

D. Farrow to feeder a. Spermatogonia c. Leydig cells

ca: b. Spermatocyte d. Sertoli cells

Farrow to finish 13. The outer layer of the extra-embryonic membranes

which is in contact with the maternal uterine tissues
Top pig producing region-in the Philippines
a. Allantois c. Amnion
A. 3 B.4 C. 6 D9
b. Chorion d. Placenta
ca: B
12. The average of gestation period of beef cattle
.A sow whose litter has been weaned but which has not yet
been bred or is not pregnant. a. 283 days c. 330 days b. 300 days
d. 250 days
A. Dry Sow B. Primaparous sow
11. This is an animal where both testicles failed to descend
C.Open sow D. Multiparous sow to the scrotal sac
ca: C a. Cryptorchid c. Duorchid
ral Information b. Monorchid d. Anestrus
.The average frequency of farrowing of a stag on a yearly 10. This is the site of fertilization in chicken
basis is called
a. Fimbriae c. Uterus
b. Infundibulum d. Isthmus a. fish meal c. meat and bone meal

.Gall bladder is absent in this animal b. skim milk d. soybean😇

a. Cattle c. Horse b. Dog d. Cat .The nutrients that is made up of amino acids

.This is the structural and functional units of the kidneys a. carbohydrates c. fats

a. Alveoli c. Nephron b. proteins 😇 d. vitamins

b. Glomerulus d. Nephrite .The nutrient that is made up of simple sugars

.This is the site of gastric juice production in chicken a. carbohydrates😇 c. fats

a. Crop c. Gizzard b. proteins d. vitamins

b. Proventriculus d. Small intestine .One of the following is not an essential nutrient

6. These teeth are absent in horse and cattle a. alanine😇 c. linoleic

a. Canine teeth c. Molar teeth b. linolenic d. methlonine

b. Milk teeth d. Incisor . The following are fat soluble vitamins except

5. This is a musculomembranous partition that separates a. vitamin A c. vitamin C😇

the thoracic from the abdominal cavity
b. vitamin D d. vitamin E
a. Pleurae c. Diaphragm

b. Peritoneum d. Mesentery
The amino acid essential to poultry but not to swine
This is a lymphoid organ that acts as graveyard for old or
senile red blood cells a. Glycine😇 c. Leucine

a. Liver c. Spleen b. Lungs d. Thymus b. lysine d. methlonine

3. This is the fluid portion of uncoagulated blood . It is the sum of the chemical changes occurring in an
organisms during the breakdown of food and the synthesis
a. Serum c. Globulin b. Plasma of cellular materials
d.Hemoglobin
a. absorption c. digestion
.This hormone is responsible for the characteristic buck
odor b. metabolism😇 d. transport

a. Capric hormone c. Codric hormone .The movement of nutrients from the point of absorption
to the point of utilization
b. Castric hormone d. Centric hormone
a. absorption c. digestion
1. This corresponds to the knee of animals
b. metabolism d. transport😇
a. Carpals. c. Humerus
. The study of processes involved in the conversation or
b. Tarsals d. Femur food/feed elements to body elements

.An animal that is not growing or producing anything has a. Absorption c. digestion
nutrient requirement for
b. metabolism d. nutrition😇
a. gestation c. lactation
. The microorganism in the rumen has the capacity to
b. maintenance😇 d. work break down the _____ linkage of cellulose and
hemicellulose.
. A pregnant animal will have nutrient requirement for
a. Alpha c. Gamma b. Beta😇 d. Delta
a. fattening c. gestation😇
. The availability of carbohydrates in ruminants depends
b. lactation d. work on the _____ content.
.The following are animal protein sources except a. sugar c. carbon b. fiber😇 d. All of the above
...