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Pegasus (Greek: Πήγασος, translit.

Pḗgasos; Latin: Pegasus, Pegasos) is a winged horse in Greek


mythology, usually depicted as a white stallion. He was sired by Poseidon, in his role as horse-god,
and foaled by the Gorgon Medusa. Pegasus was the brother of Chrysaor, both born when their
mother was decapitated by Perseus. Greco-Roman poets wrote about his ascent to heaven after his
birth and his obeisance to Zeus, who instructed him to bring lightning and thunder from Olympus.

Pegasus is the creator of Hippocrene, the fountain on Mount Helicon. He was captured by the Greek
hero Bellerophon, near the fountain Peirene, with the help of Athena and Poseidon. Pegasus
allowed Bellerophon to ride him in order to defeat the monster Chimera, which led to many more
exploits. Bellerophon later fell from Pegasus's back while trying to reach Mount Olympus. Both
Pegasus and Bellerophon were said to have died at the hands of Zeus for trying to reach Olympus.
Other tales have Zeus bring Pegasus to Olympus to carry his thunderbolts.

Long honored as a constellation, Pegasus is a subject of very rich iconography, especially


through ancient Greek pottery as well as paintings and sculptures of the Renaissance.

Etymology[edit]

Pegasus, as the horse of Muses, on the roof of Poznań Opera

House (Max Littmann, 1910) Pegasus on ancient cup of Marlik

The poet Hesiod presents a folk etymology of the name Pegasus as derived from πηγή pēgē 'spring,
well', referring to "the pegai of Okeanos, where he was born".[1]
A proposed etymology of the name is Luwian pihassas 'lightning', and Pihassassi, a local Luwian-
Hittite name in southern Cilicia of a weather deity associated with thunder and lightning. The
proponents of this etymology adduce the role of Pegasus, reported as early as Hesiod, as the bringer
of thunderbolts to Zeus. That interpretation was first suggested in 1952 and remains widely
accepted,[2] but Robin Lane Fox (2009) has criticized it as implausible.[3]

Michael Brown, who has been studying ancient and medieval Greek poetry in the context of the
Greek-North European dialogue, has concluded from his studies that the word Pegasus is a pre-
Celtic-PIE word, one that did not evolve into one of the numerous common names listed in both
Greek and Western languages. This concept is discussed further in "Linguistics and Classical
Theology", by William S. R. Miller, which is based on his work with Charles F. G. Osterhaus's analysis
of the word and its relationships to Greek and Italian. The relationship of "Pegasus" to "Cyrillic" is
discussed further in his Phrygian Monikers and the Naming of Greek Pronunciation "Cyrillic or Pene-
Orthogyrin" and "Pegasus" as an Early Semitic construct.[4]

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