History L-4 Notes

CITY PRIDE SCHOOL
Class VI (History)
4. WHAT BOOKS AND BURIALS TELL US
I] Answer the following questions:

Q.1) How has the word ‘Veda’ been derived? Name
the four Vedas. Explain what each of the Vedas
contain.
Ans. i) ‘Veda’ is the Sanskrit word derived from the root
‘Vid’ which means ‘to know’.
ii) The word ’Veda’ means ‘Knowledge’
iii) The four Vedas are:
a) Rigveda: Contains hymns about the Aryan
mythology for recitation.
b)Samaveda: Contains all the hymns of the Rigveda.
However, the hymns are arranged in different ways
for chanting during the religious rituals.
c) Yajurveda: Contains the instructions for the
religious rituals like how sacrifices or yajnas should
be performed.
d)Atharvaveda: Contains charms and magic
incarnations to ward off (prevent) enemies, sorcerers
(wizard) and diseases
Q.2) Who composed the Vedic hymns? How were they
passed from generation to generation?
Ans. i) These Vedic hymns were composed by sages.
ii) Priests taught students to recite and memorize each syllable,
word and sentence, bit by bit with great care.
iii) These hymns were learnt, recited and passed on from
generation to generation.
Q.3) What are Megaliths? What was it used for?
Ans. i) Big stone boulders are known as megaliths.
ii) They were used to mark burial sites and were very carefully
arranged.
Q.4) Write a short note on Rig Veda.
Ans. i) The Rig Veda is the oldest Veda.
ii) It contains 1028 hymns.
iii) It is divided into 10 mandalas or books.
iv) The hymns were composed by sages.
v) It is a very important literary source.
vi) It tells us about the people of the Vedic Age.
vii) It was composed in old or Vedic Sanskrit.
Q.5) In what ways are the books we read today

different from the Rig Veda?
Ans. (i) The books we read today are different from the
Rigveda, because they are printed while the Rigveda was
recited and heard rather than read.
(ii) The books we read today are written on various
subjects in many different languages, while the Rigveda
contains hymns in praise of various gods and goddesses,
written in old or Vedic Sanskrit.
Q.6) What kind of evidence from burials do

archaeologists use to find out whether there were
social differences amongst those who were buried?
Answer: (i) Archaeologists use the number objects and
their types found in a grave to study social differences.
(ii)For example, in Brahmagiri, archaeologists have
found in one grave a skeleton buried with 33 gold beads,
2 stone beads, 4 copper bangles, and one conch shell,
while in other graves skeletons have only a few pots.
(iii)These finds suggest that there was some difference in
status amongst the people who were buried; some were
rich, others poor, some chiefs, others followers.
Q.7) Name and describe the four Varnas.

A2. The priests divided people into four groups called
Varnas. Each Varna had a different set of functions.
a. Brahmins- They were expected to study and teach
the Vedas, perform sacrifices and receive gifts.
b. Kshatriyas- They were rulers expected to fight and
protect people.( warriors)
c. Vaishyas- They were farmers, herders, traders.
d. Shudras - They had to serve the other three groups
and couldnot perform any sacrifices and rituals.
Q8) What are the different stages of Ashramas?

Ans. The different stages of life or ashramas are:
1. Brahmacharya: The men were to lead a simple life
and study the vedas during the early year of their
lifes. This was only for Brahmin, Kshtriyas and
Vaishyas.
2. Grihastha: the men had to marry and lead the life of
a household.
3. Vanaprastha: The men had to lead a retired life and
meditate.
4. Sanyasa: A man had to renounce everything and
lead a life of a sanyasi.
*The women were not allowed to study the vedas and had
to step into the ashramas that their husband followed.
Q.9) Write a short note on Inamgaon.

Ans.:
i) Inamgaon in Maharashtra was one of the largest
Chalcolithic settlements.
ii) It is a historic site located on the bank of the river
Ghod, a tributary of river Bhima.
iii) Remains of seeds of wheat, barley, rice, etc. have
been found here which tell that people practice
agriculture.
iv) Animals known to them were cattle, buffalo, goat,
dog, etc. tell that people also practiced rearing of
animals and hunting. They were also gatherers as
they collected fruits and forest products for their
needs.
v) Archaeologists have found different types of burials
and so it is also a burial site. The dead bodies were
buried with vessels, pots, ornaments, etc.
Q.10) Write difference between Gurukul Education

System and Modern Education System:
Gurukul Education Modern Education
System System
The students used to live The students do not live
1 with their teachers. with their teachers.
2 The students served and The students only learn
learnt under the guidance from their teachers but do
of the teacher. not serve them.
The subjects taught were
Vedas, Epics, LifeSkills, The subjects taught differ
Archery, Sword (war from those of the Gurukul
techniques), Religious system - Mathematics,
3 literature. Sciences, Languages, etc.
The students were made
to learn by repetition and
were required to Modern Education does
memorize everything not need memorization
along with most of the but includes practical as
4 practical knowledge. well as theories.
Modern educations give
Women could not get equal opportunities to
education under the both male and female
5 gurukul systems. members of the society.
Tributes were given to Money as a form of fees
the guru as traditional paid for getting education
6 repaying one's teacher. which is a compulsion.

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CITY PRIDE SCHOOL

I] Answer the following questions:

Q.5) In what ways are the books we read today

Q.6) What kind of evidence from burials do

Q.7) Name and describe the four Varnas.

Q8) What are the different stages of Ashramas?

Q.9) Write a short note on Inamgaon.

Q.10) Write difference between Gurukul Education

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