Additional Tutorial Problems 2 (2024)

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APPLIED MATHEMATICS 1A (MATH132)

ADDITIONAL PROBLEMS 2 (2024)

       
1 2 4 3
1. Let v1 =  −1 , v2 =  3 , v3 =  6  and w =  8 . Are the following
4 9 18 13
statements true or false? Justify your answer in each case.

(a) There are infinitely many vectors in the set {v1 , v2 , v3 }.


(b) There are three vectors in the set Span {v1 , v2 , v3 }.
(c) w ∈ {v1 , v2 , v3 }.
(d) w ∈ Span {v1 , v2 , v3 }.
(e) v2 ∈ Span {v1 , v2 , v3 }.

2. (a) Solve the system

x1 + 2x2 + x3 = 3
−3x1 − x2 + 2x3 = 1
5x2 + 3x3 = 2

using Gaussian elimination. (Ans: (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (3, −2, 4))


 
−2
(b) Use your answer in part (a) to write the vector  1  as a linear combination of
      −5
1 1 3
the vectors  −3 ,  2  and  1 .
0 3 2
   
1 3 −1 2
3. Consider matrix A = 2 5 −1 and vector b = 1 .
  
2 8 −2 3

(a) Show that b is a linear combination of the column vectors a1 , a2 and a3 of A.


(b) List three other vectors in Span {a1 , a2 , a3 }.
     
−3 5 −2
4. Determine the value of α so that  α  is in the plane spanned by  −1  and  1 .
16 −4 −5
(Ans: −7/11)
     
1 2 x
 
5. Consider the vectors u1 = −2 and u2 =  −9  3 
in R . Let v = y  be a vector
3 −14 z
in R3 such that v ∈ Span {u1 , u2 }. Find the equation that describes Span {u1 , u2 }. Give
a geometric description of this equation. (Ans: −11x − 4y + z = 0)
 
−2 3 −4 8  
  −1
 11 6 1 5   
6. (a) Find the product of B =  0 −1 7 −6  and y =  2 . (Ans:
   4 
 −5 9 −3 −13 
3
4 −1 2 0
 
16
 20 
 
 8 )
 
 −28 
2
 
8
 10 
 
(b) Deduce from part (a) that the vector 
 4  is in Span {b1 , b2 , b3 , b4 } where b1 ,

 −14 
1
b2 , b3 and b4 are the columns of B.
     
2 1 1
7. Let u =  1 , v =  3  and w =  −7 . Show that 2u − 3v − w = 0. Hence
1 2 −4
(without using row operations) find x1 and x2 that satisfy the equation
   
1 2 · ¸ 1
 −7 1  x1 =  3  .
x2
−4 1 2

(Ans: x1 = −1/3, x2 = 2/3)


 
1 1 1
8. Let A =  5 7 9 . Do the columns of A span R3 ? Explain. (Ans: No - show
1 −2 −5
that the equation Ax = b is not consistent for every b in R3 )

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