District Environment Plan: Pune

District
Environment Plan

Prepared By

Environment Department, Government of Maharashtra

Pune
Maharashtra Pollution Control Board
District Environment Plan: Pune

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Prepared by: Maharashtra Pollution Control Board
District Environment Plan: Pune

1.0 Preamble

Hon’ble National Green Tribunal vide order dated 26/09/2019 in O.A. No. 360 of 2018 filed
by Shree Nath Sharma Vs Union of India and Others directed that CPCB shall facilitate the
District Magistrates in preparation of District Environmental Plan by placing Model plan on its
website. This model plan may be adopted as per local requirements by all Districts under
supervision of District Magistrate.

The said Order also directs that Department of Environment in respective States / UTs
should collect district plans to prepare State Environment Plan, which shall be monitored by
respective Chief Secretaries of State/UT by 15/12/2019.

Based on State Environmental plans, CPCB and Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate
Change shall prepare National Environmental Plan, under the supervision of Secretary,
MoEF&CC and Chairman, CPCB by 31/01/2020. The National Action Plan needs to be
submitted before Hon’ble NGT 15/02/2020.

In compliance to above directions and as per the model DEP prepared by CPCB,
Environment Action plan for the District is prepared.

2.0 Introduction

The eighth largest metropolis city in India, Pune is located in the state of Maharashtra. It is
the second largest city in the state after Mumbai, and is an important city in terms of its
economical and industrial growth. The city leads as the ‘veritable heartland’ of cultural
Maharashtra. Pune also has made its mark as the educational epicentre winning itself the
sobriquet, ‘The Oxford of the East’. Not just that, it has a growing industrial hinterland, with
information technology, engineering and automotive companies sprouting. General Pune
district profile is presented in the Table 1 and location is shown in Figure 1.

Table 1 District Profile

Description Details
Average Climate Summer: 22°C To 41°C. Winter :8°C T0 25°C. Rainfall: 650 To 700
mm.
Geographical It lies between 18° 32″ North Latitude and 73° 51″ East Longitude. It
Location lies on the foothills of Sahyadri Mountains. The landscape of Pune
district is distributed triangularly in western Maharashtra at the foothills
of the Sahyadri Mountains and is divided into three parts:
“Ghatmatha”, “Maval” and “Desh”. Pune district forms a part of the
tropical monsoon land and therefore shows a significant seasonal
variation in temperature as well as rainfall conditions
Area 15,643 Sq. km.
Boundaries Ahmadnagar district on North - East, Solapur district on the South -
East, Satara district on South, Raigad district on the West and Thane
district on the North - West
Languages Spoken Marathi, Hindi, English are major languages but all Indian languages
are spoken
Population Total: 55,59,058
[According to 2011 Census Report]
Population Density 603 Per Sq. km.
Literacy Rate 87.2
Rivers Bhima, Nira , Indrayani, Mula, Mutha, Ghod, Meena ,Kukdi,
Pushpavati, Pavna, Ramnadi
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Prepared by: Environment Department, Government of Maharashtra
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District Environment Plan: Pune

Description Details
ULBs 16 Numbers + 2 Municipal Corporations
Municipal 2 Numbers
Corporations 1. Pune Municipal Corporation [PMC]
2. Pimpri-Chinchwad Corporation [PCMC]
Cantonment Boards 3 Numbers
Pune, Dehu Road and Khadki
Sub districts 14 Numbers
Villages 1,877 Numbers
Statutory Towns 16 Numbers
Tahsils 14 Numbers
Haveli, Punecity, Maval, Mulshi, Shirur, Baramati, Indapur, Daund,
Bhor, Velha, Purandar, Khed, Junnar, Ambegaon
Pin code 411001 - 411053

Figure 1 Location of District

3.0 Waste Management Plan

Urban India is facing an ever increasing challenge of providing for the incremental
infrastructural needs of a growing urban population. According to the 2011 census, the
population of India was 1.21 billion; of this 31% live in cities. It is further projected that by
2050 half of India’s population will live in cities. With this increasing population, management
of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in the country has emerged as a severe problem not only
because of the environmental and aesthetic concerns but also because of the sheer
quantities generated every day.

Solid waste management is among the basic essential services provided by municipal
authorities in the country to keep cities clean. In Pune city primary sources of solid waste
are local households, commercial establishments, hospitals, hotels, restaurants, and
markets. Local Bodies are responsible for collection, storage, segregation, transportation
and disposal of all solid waste generated in the city. There are 18 Urban Local Bodies
[ULBs]. in Pune district. Table 2 represents the list of ULBs along with population. Following
section gives insight about waste management of Pune districts.

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District Environment Plan: Pune

Table 2 List of ULB With Population

Sr. No. Urban Local Bodies Population

1. Pune Municipal Corporation 3,124,458
2. Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation 1,723,629
3. Baramati 108,152
4. Daund 49,450
5. Saswad 31,821
6. Indapur 25,515
7. Jejuri 14,515
8. Bhor 18,453
9. ALANDI MUNICIPAL COUNCIL 28,645
10. Lonavla Municipal Council 54,119
11. Shirur Municipal Council 37,111
12. Chakan 41,113
13. Cantonment Board Dehuroad 48,961
14. Junnar Municipal Council, Junnar 25,325
15. KHADKI CANTONMENT BOARD 70,933
16. PUNE CANTONMENT BOARD 71,831
17. Rajgurunagar Municipal Council 28,592
18. Talegaon Dabhade Municipal Council 56,435

3.1 Domestic Solid Waste Management Plan

Pune district is having 18 ULBs with 203 Wards. Municipal Solid Waste [Dry & Wet]
generated from each ULBs is given in the Figure 2 and details of Other Types of Waste is
presented in Figure 3 due to its less quantity and for easy representation. As per collected
data, total solid waste generation of Pune district is 3,191.2MTD. wherein, Dry Waste
generation is 1,318.3MTD and Wet waste is 1,329.9MTD.

Solid Waste Generation

10000.0

Total SW Generation Dry Waste segregated Wet Waste segregated

SW Generation in MT/day

1000.0

100.0

10.0

1.0

Figure 2 Urban
Solid LocalGeneration
Waste Bodies of Pune District

Figure 2 Details of Domestic Solid Waste Generation

It seems that Wet waste comprises of approximately 41.3% of total waste generated of the
district and Dry waste contributes 41.6%.] Pune Municipal Corporation stands on top with the
highest quantity i.e. 2015MTD out of which dry waste is 783MTD and wet waste is 699MTD.
Junnar Municipal Council generates lowest quantity i.e. 6MTD out dry waste is 2MTD and
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District Environment Plan: Pune

wet waste is 4MTD. It is observed that quantity of solid waste generation is in line with the
respective population of ULBs. As per the data presented in the Figure 3, details of other
types of waste generation is presented as below;

Pune district generates 40.5MTD of Street Sweeping Waste. Maximum quantity of Street
Sweeping Waste is generated by Pune Cantonment Board with total quantity of 20MTD
followed by Pune Municipal Corporation with 15MTD and Daund Municipal Council stands
lowest with 0.02MTD. Though PCMC is second largest corporation in Pune district, data of
Street Sweeping Waste is not estimated.

Total quantity of Drain Silt Waste generated is 685.1MTD. It seems that maximum quantity
of Drain Silt Waste is generated by Pune Cantonment Board with total quantity of 500MTD
followed by Pune Municipal Corporation with 122MTD. Shirur & Rajgurunagar Municipal
Council stands lowest with 0.1MTD. However it is observed that quantity of Drain Silt waste
is not estimated by other ULBs like Saswad, Indapur, Jejuri and Alandi.

Other Waste Generation

Other Waste (Horticulture, sanitary waste, etc.) Drain Silt Waste Domestic HW (DHW) Street Sweeping Waste
100%

90%

80%
Waste Quantity in MTD

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

Urban Local Bodies

Figure 3 Other Waste Generation of Pune District

Total DHW quantity generated is 20.1MTD. Maximum quantity of DHW is generated by Pune
Municipal Corporation with total quantity of 19MTD and Indapur Municipal Council stands
lowest with 0.005MTD. Data is not available for PCMC, Bhor, Khadki and Pune Cantonment
Board. Total Quantity of Horticulture, Sanitary and other waste is 1615.8MTD. Maximum
quantity of Other Waste is generated by Pune Municipal Corporation with total quantity of
1600MTD and Shirur Municipal Council generates lowest quantity i.e. 0.001MTD. Data is not
available for PCMC, Baramati, Daund, Indapur, Bhor, Alandi, Khadki and Talegaon
Municipal Council. Pune district is having total 1035 bulk Waste Generator with the highest
numbers in Pune Municipal Corporation and total number of onsite facility provided for
treatment of wet waste is 1941.

3.1.1 Compliance in Segregated Waste Collection

Total Waste generation from Pune district is 3185.5MTD and almost all waste is being
segregated. Out of 18 ULBs, 16 of them have provided 100% door to door collection facility.
Only Pune Cantonment Board and Jejuri Municipal Council has provide 80% and 90% door
to door collection facility respectively.16 ULBs have implemented Mechanical Road

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District Environment Plan: Pune

Sweeping and rest of other ULBs have not provided Mechanical Road Sweeping facility.
Almost 96% of waste is being transport through segregated waste transport system

Out of 18 ULBs, only 4 ULBs namely Pune, Baramati, Lonavla & Shirur have installed
digester with bio-Methanation production capacity of 10%, 25%, 100%, 100% respectively.
Pune district generates approximately 1329MTD of wet waste and Out of which 81.7% is
treated through composting. Out of 18 ULBs, 14 ULBs is using Multi Re Use Facility to
separate and prepare recyclable material whereas 4 ULBs have not installed URF facility.
Out of 18 ULBs, 8 ULBs have provision of Sanitary Landfill. 14 ULBs have started
reclamation of old dump site using through bio mining process. Only 5 ULBs have linkage
with waste to energy boiler / cement plant. 12 ULBs have linkage with recycler whereas 6
ULBs have not started the process yet. All ULBs have issued authorization to the waste
pickers. 7 ULBs have linkage with TSDF / CBMWTF whereas no information is available for
Indapur, Daund and PCMC.

3.1.2 Adequacy of Infrastructure

Availability of infrastructure to handle the waste generated from the Pune district is
presented in Figure 4.

Adequacy of Infrastructure Waste Collection Trolleys

Adequacy of infrastructure in (No.Required/

10000 Mini Collection Trucks

1000 Bulk Waste Trucks

Waste Transfer points

100
No.Available

Bio-methanation units
10
Composting units

1 Others

Urban Local Bodies

Figure 4 Adequacy of SW Infrastructure

It is observed that There are total 138 waste Transfer points in Pune district with waste
trolley of 2718, Mini collection trucks 752 numbers and Bulk transport trucks 161. Total
number of Bio - Methanation units are 30 and Pune Municipal Corporation is having highest
number of Bio - Methanation units i.e. 25. Composting units available to treat wet waste are
836 [Need to review data as Rajgurunagar is having 420 units]. As per record, Out of 18
ULBs, only 2 ULBs i.e. Dehu and Khadki has not implemented the Solid Waste Management
Rules.

3.2 C&D Waste Management Plan

The Construction and Demolition Waste [C&D Waste] generated by Pune district is about
234.8MTD. C&D Waste generated by each ULBs is presented in Figure 5. Again being with
most populated corporation, Pune Municipal Corporation contribute maximum share of C&D
waste to the tune of 200MTD. Least C&D waste is generated by Bhor Municipal Council with
the quantity of 0.003MTD whereas it is observed that Khadki Municipal Council not
generating any C&D waste which is not practically possible and need to review the data.
Non availability of data will not help in preparing ingenuous and executable plan for waste
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District Environment Plan: Pune

management of the district hence local bodies must ensure proper sampling and factual
measurement of the various types of waste being generated.

250.0
200.0 C&D Waste Segregated
200.0

150.0
Quantity in MTD

100.0

50.0 30.0
0.10 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.10 1.0 0.10 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.3
0.0

Urban Local Bodies

Figure 5 C&D Waste Generation of Pune District

3.3 Plastic Waste Management

Total Plastic waste generated by Pune district is 95.71MTD. With 90MTD quantity, PCMC is
the highest plastic waste generator and Jejuri generates 0.008MTD of plastic waste. In
almost all ULBs, door to door collection and segregation system is implemented 98% & 94%
respectively with 199 Plastic Waste Collection Centre by ULBs and 10 Collection Centres by
PROs under EPR Scheme . There are 4047 Plastic Waste Pickers with the authorization for
waste collection. District has 4 Plastic Manufacturer and 19 Plastic Waste Recyclers. For
Treatment and recycling of generated plastic waste, there are 4 number of Pyrolysis Oil
Plant. 163.5MT/Month is being treated in the Pyrolysis Oil Plant and 3.5MT/Month is use in
Road making. PW Management Rules, 2016 is implemented in all the ULBs. Plastic to Fuel
Plant is installed of 4MTD by Brand owner in the Pune Municipal Corporation.

200
Plastic Waste Quantity
180
160
PW Generated in MT/day

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0

Urban Local Bodies

Figure 6 Details of Plastic Solid Waste Generation

3.4 Biomedical Waste Management

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District Environment Plan: Pune

5607 Health Care Facilities including hospitals, Clinic, Veterinary Hospitals, Blood Banks etc.
Out of which only 2279 HCF have taken authorization. Total BMW generation from all above
mentioned sources is to the tune of 7719kg/day.

Biomedical Waste Generation Total no. Clinics

3500 1800 No of Veterinary Hospitals

1600 Pathlabs
BMW Generation in No.s

3000
Blood Banks
1400
Animal Houses
2500
1200 Bio-research Labs

2000 Others
1000
Total no. of Bedded Hospitals

1500 800 Total no. of non-bedded HCF

Dental Clinics
600
1000
400
500
200

0 0

Urban Local Bodies

Figure 7 Details of BMW Generation

There are 2 Common Facility available for treatment and disposal of BMW and average BW
taken by these facilities are 8,419kg/day. There is requirement of at least one CBWTF in
each ULB. Inventory of BMW generating units are mentioned in the Figure 7.

3.5 Hazardous Waste Management

1311 Number of industry is established. Total HW generation 66,3371.77 MT/Annually, out

of which 79,573.92MT is sent for incineration, 87,808.28 MT is sent for land filling and
495989.57MT/A is sent for recovery / utilization of HW material. One Common Treatment
Storage Disposal Facility is present at Ranjangaon, Pune and all industries have taken
authorization for HW generation and are members of CHWTDSF.

3.6 E Waste Management

191 Collection Centres are established by ULBs and 6 are established by Producer under
EPR scheme. There are 21 number of authorized E-Waste recyclers / Dismantler. Pune
Municipal Corporation has conducted 200 Awareness Campaigns whereas Producers and
PROs have conducted 40 Awareness Campaigns.

3.7 Action Plan

As per the above mentioned observation, it seems that almost all ULBs are handling solid
waste generated as per the Municipal Solid waste Management Rules, however there are
certain issues that needs to be addressed for 100% implementation of the rules as
mentioned in Table 3.

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District Environment Plan: Pune

Table 3 Action Plan for Solid Waste Management

Sectors Gaps Action Points Priority

Domestic Solid Waste
Quantification  Methodology for solid  Mechanism for graded weighing Immediate
waste quantification system either through intermediate
should be ascertained transfer station or at the common
 Quantification based receiving station to be created.
on Income group, Usually one weigh bridge at any
culture affluence and treatment / disposal location
technology to be required
considered  Quadrate sampling methodology
to be adopted in order to reduce
quantity as well as quality
Collection  Some of the places,  Ideally most proven method of Short to
System & efficiency of the SWM is 3 Tier System with door to Mid Term
Transport collection system is door, community and transfer
System not up to the mark station approach
 There is gap of 2%  100% efficiency to be achieved
Coverage in door to  Intermediate
door collection  Additional 2% coverage of
collection & transportation to
augmented
Infrastructure  Mostly composting is  Intermediate / Transfer station High
the main treatment based decentralized waste
methodology with treatment facility to be evaluated
about 80% coverage  Additional 20% alternative
 MRF facility is also treatment such as bio-Methanation
available but limited to can be explored
few
 Sanitary landfill are
limited to 2-3 ULBs
Plastic Waste  Lack of SOP for not  Strengthening surveillance of life High &
only quantification but cycle assessment for type and Immediate
also life cycle analysis quantity of Plastic Waste
[LCA]  Effective EPR Policy
 Limited understanding  Initiation of 100% compliance to
/ interpretation of EPR PW Rules at the earliest
/ PRO
C&D Waste  2 - 3 of the ULB need  Minimum 1 such facility at each of High
to establish C&D the ULB to be established
Waste management  System for utilization of recovered
system material and processed C&D
waste to be effectively
implemented and monitored
Biomedical  Rooting and effective  Regular Inventorization through Very High
Waste collection within 48hrs automatic / digital platform to be &
from the time of developed Immediate
generation to be  Up-gradation of existing facility to
effectively handled meet 2016 CPCB norms
 Treatment facility lacks  Additional at least 1-2 facilities to
implementation of cover the of umbrella zone along
2016 Notification in with increasing burden on the
line with CPCB existing coverage area to be

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Sectors Gaps Action Points Priority

audited report planned
 Limited Inventorization  Collection mechanism to be
 strengthen with additional vehicles
to cover vast area and scattered
HCF [miniscule quantity]
Hazardous  Domestic HW being  Either decentralized 4 - 5 step Very High
Waste mixed with solid waste segregation practices to be &
posing threat initiated or at least advisory for Immediate
 No separate handling intermittent storage and collection
of domestic HW of domestic HW to be initiated
 Not effective  Inventory to be initiated and
segregation of DHW at maintained
source
E Waste  Lack of inventory  Detailed inventory for domestic e Very High
 Limited understanding waste under 26 different &
of E waste rule and categories Immediate
management  Mass awareness campaign
 Neither segregation  Every ULB to have at least one E
nor separate transfer / waste management centre and
handling facility minimum one collection / drop
 centre in a radius of 25-30km
 Atleast one e waste processing
unit in a district
Noise  Most of the source  Noise mapping to be carried out High
related noise areas for zonation purposes
show exposure  At source control using
beyond compliance  physical or natural attenuation
 Excessive exposure methods to be adopted
during noise  In the path noise control
generating potential methodologies using noise
events/ festivals absorbers creating zone of
 inhibition / silence zone to be done
 End of the pipe measures such as
PEs acoustic enclosures etc. to be
adopted
 Event based noise control policy to
be effectively implemented

4.0 Water Quality Management Plan

There are 9 Rivers in Pune district with 1703km in length.25 numbers of drain / nallas are
meeting in to the rivers. Lake / Ponds area is about 5 Ha. There are 4582 number of Bore-
well within the district.

The district generates about 1124.8 MLD of sewage with an existing capacity of 702MLD of
STP with existing sewage network of 2846.38km length leaving a deficit of 62.4%. However
it is also many a time the deficit as a representative of treatment capacity / capability. Even
though MPCB has been eying to formulate policy w.r.t. reuse treated sewage as a
regulation, lack of reuse conveyance system and more often than not due to the limited
options of reutilization of treated sewage worsened with consistent output quality of treated
sewage only leads to complicated disposal options.

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On the other hand industrial effluent are much more regulated wherein 296 MLD from 850
numbers of industry. ULBs are made to treat almost the entire effluent to the best possible
norms as stipulated by their permits, monitored effectively and regularly with the aid of final
disposal / treatment in the 1 number of CETP. 575 industries are meeting water discharge
standards and 45 industries are not meeting discharge Standards. 5 complaints received
against industrial pollution in last 3 months

Detailed Issue based management action plan is provided in Table 4.

Table 4 Action Plan for Water Quality Management

Sectors Gaps Action Points Priority

Water  Limited information available  Thorough Mapping of High
Resources on mapping of surface water resources to be taken up
resources in terms of  Extensive assessment of
quantity quality to be done
 Limited Inventorization of  Criticality indicators to be
quantity, usage, availability established for each water
exploitation etc. body/resource
 Limited Rejuvenation /  Extend water quality
remediation of water bodies monitoring network to
 Solid waste dumping i the include representativeness
river bodies  Based on the criticality
initiate Rejuvenation /
remediation
 Online Monitoring system
for surface water bodies to
be established
 Protection methods to be
developed for creative
stoppage of dumping of
solid waste in the surface
water bodies
Domestic  Correlation between  Digital Platform to Very high
generation and treatment accommodate water &
often misleading budgeting / reuse potential Immediate
 Only 60% treatment is  Approximately 425MLD of
available STP needed
 Water budgeting exercise  In situ treatment for
often missing 1703kms of River stretches
 Computation of water to be developed
footprint missing  Strengthen the sewage
 Surveillance /Inventorization collection network to cover
in cradle to grave approach 100% Population
absolutely never applied  Policy for reuse / recycle of
 Limited collection system and treated wastewater
treatment facility especially in
remote area
 Often polluting water
resources
 No established reuse options
/ reuse network
Industrial  Limited information of  CETP performance to be High
industries discharging more effective in line with

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wastewater in to the river various orders of regulatory

 Performance of CETP is bodies / courts
questionable  Digital compliance
 Almost 66 number of methodology to be
industries Non compliance of developed
in terms of meeting  Disposal system to be under
discharge standards constant surveillance
 45 numbers of industries are
not meeting discharge
standards

5.0 Air Quality Management

As it is Pune district being one of the most vibrant and outgrowing areas in Maharashtra, Air
quality assessment and sectoral management needs are ought to be essentially planned
and executed. Both CPCB & MPCB through their NAMP & SAMP programme has set up 4
manual & 1 CAAQM stations across the district.

t seems that PM10 is Ambient Air is one of the prime reason of the concern and historically
Pune has been in the centre of controversy with regards its air quality management. An
exceedance factor 1 to 1.8 reveals as per the monitored data that needs immediate attention
as is the case in most of the areas of India. In view of the same the primafacea of every ULB
shall be to establish at least one such Ambient Air Monitoring Station and coordinate /
collaborate with other monitoring organisation to provide for advisory to general public
towards health associations and risk of exposure. Inventory and policy formulation action
plan is stated in Table 5.

Table 5 Action Plan for Air Quality Management

Sectors Gaps Action Points Priority

Air  Most of the places  Emission inventory and source High &
PM10 seems to exceed apportionment supported with Immediate
by a factor of around 1 dispersion and health based
- 1.8 iterative process for science based
 Limited CAAQMS to AQM strategy to be established
establish / corroborate  Each ULB to have atleast one
inferences urban and one rural CAAQMS or
 Sectoral action plans three manual stations at least to
not effectively include criteria pollutants with
established minimum one location to include
 Pune comes under parameters of 2009 CPCB
non attainment cities notification and meteorological
data including cloud cover
 Fugitive emission control system
for hot spot emission control to be
installed
 Green barriers / Photo catalyst
options to be evaluated
 Capacity building to be enhanced
 Need to submit and review the
action plan with its status for non
attainment cities

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6.0 Mining Activity Management plan

There is no mining activity in the Pune district jurisdiction.

7.0 Noise Action Plan

Other than event base monitoring and special projects related / orders monitoring, MPCB
carries out annual noise monitoring at 8 locations. Noise quality reveals mainly source
specific non compliance such as traffic related in most of the kerb side analysis. Though
zoning categories and regulations therein are particularly specified, in limitation of noise
regulations has always been challenge to the regulatory authority. Monitoring results spells
potential management plan that could be taken up on priority by each of the ULBs. There are
complaints received on noise pollution in last 1 year. District authorities have installed Sign
boards in towns and cities in silent zones.

8.0 Conclusion

There seems to be vast data gaps and a detailed exercise to collate and validate data
gathered through this process needs to be urgently taken up in addition to the adopting a
holistic & inclusive consultative process of gathering information, collating & converging it in
order to be able to device strategies of future. Also, it is equally important that projection for
at least next 20 years be done in order to evaluate management plans for futuristic view to
meet the objective of such vast exercise. Digital data availability needs to be one of the
prime tasks of government & methods of its validation be created with scope for
improvement in near future. The practise needs to be a continual one to be updated
regularly in order to monitor progress and effectiveness of this process & shall be linked with
financial allocations being designed to be promoted by government of the day. With regards
to action plans, the priorities shall be aligned based on sustainability objectives.

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