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Renal Failure

This document summarizes the key types and features of renal failure. It discusses acute renal failure, which can occur rapidly over hours or days due to infections, medications, or other causes. Chronic renal failure is defined as long-term kidney damage, often caused by conditions like diabetes or hypertension. Symptoms of chronic renal failure include fatigue, nausea, and skin problems. Treatment may involve dialysis or kidney transplantation, as chronic renal failure currently has no cure.

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Chawan Sanaan
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12 views

Renal Failure

This document summarizes the key types and features of renal failure. It discusses acute renal failure, which can occur rapidly over hours or days due to infections, medications, or other causes. Chronic renal failure is defined as long-term kidney damage, often caused by conditions like diabetes or hypertension. Symptoms of chronic renal failure include fatigue, nausea, and skin problems. Treatment may involve dialysis or kidney transplantation, as chronic renal failure currently has no cure.

Uploaded by

Chawan Sanaan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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KIDNEYS:

Renal failure
Prepared by :

Chawan Sanaan

Dental-student at komar
university for science and
technology
TABLE OF CONTENTS
01 02
Introduction Acute renal failure

03
Chronic renal failure
INTRODUCTION
Renal or kidney failure
• Two main types:
Chronic renal failure
Acute renal failure

• Causes:
Hypertension
Diabetes
Urinary tract obstruction

• Symptoms;
Fatigue
Decrease urinary out put
Shortness of breathe

• Treatments:
Kidney transplantation
Medications
Changes in diet
Acute renal failure
Acute renal failure, also known as acute kidney injury
(AKI), is a sudden and rapid decline in kidney function.
This can occur over hours or days and can lead to a
build-up of waste products in the body. The kidneys are
responsible for filtering waste and excess fluid from the
blood, and when they are not functioning correctly, this
can result in the accumulation of toxins and electrolyte
imbalances.
The Symptoms of Acute Renal
failure :
Ø Decreased urine output, although occasionally urine output remain normal.
Ø Fluid retention, causing swelling in your legs, ankle or feet.
Ø Shortness of breath.
Ø Fatigue.
Ø Confusion.
Ø Nausea
Ø Weakness.
Ø Irregular heartbeat.
Acute Renal failure Causes:
v An infection.
v Liver Failure.
v Medication
( aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen or
COX-2 Inhibitor like Celebrex )
v Blood pressure medications.
v Heart failure.
v Serious burns or dehydration.
v Blood or fluid loss.
03
Chronic renal failure
What is chronic renal failure?
• Chronic renal failure is a condition in which one or both kidneys are damaged
and grow larger than normal .
• They lose their ability to filter waste and fluid in the blood and it lead to remain
them and cause heath problems .
• It called chronic renal failure because it developed over a period of time. It also
known as end stage ( stage 5 ) of renal disease.
• It is not contagious means it can not be spread between people.
The symptoms of chronic renal
failure :

1. Feeling tiredness and fatigue frequently


2. Malnutrition & sleep disorders
3. Sexual dysfunction
4. Urination more than normal
5. Fell Nausea and vomiting
6. Dry and itchy skin
7. Confusion and poor appetite
Causes of chronic renal failure :
1. Chronic renal failure is most commonly diagnosed with diabetes and high blood
pressure.
2. Genetic disorders ( polycystic kidney disease) which is a condition that arises from
one of your parents that causes fluid-filled sacs (cysts) to form inside your kidneys.
3. Some types of Infection
4. Glomerular diseases: Diseases of the glomerulus can affect how well your kidneys
process waste.
5. Autoimmune diseases such as lupus.
6. Heavy metal poisoning, such as lead poisoning
7. Hemolytic uremic syndrome in children
8. Renal artery stenosis
9. Rare genetic condition.
10. Chronic glomerulonephritis
11. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis
Diagnosis & treatment of chronic
renal failure :
1. For diagnosing this condition the healthcare provider should investigate your
health history and may perform some tests to figure out why you have kidney
disease then how it becomes kidney failure . And the cause of your kidney
disease can influence the type of treatment you receive.

2. a person with the end stage of chronic kidney disease or ( chronic renal failure)
may not survive a few days or a few weeks unless the patient gets dialysis or
kidney transplant and some people can live for up to 30 years on dialysis.

3. Some people will recover from acute kidney failure with getting proper
treatment but for chronic renal failure till now there is no cure to treat this
disease and mostly the patients should get therapy for the rest of their life.
treatment of chronic renal failure :
THANKS!
RESOURCES
● https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535404/

● https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Fotoula-
Babatsikou/publication/286355459_Psychological_aspects_in_chronic_renal_failure/links/
57389ed408ae9ace840cf3f9/Psychological-aspects-in-chronic-renal-failure.pdf

● https://jamanetwork.com/journals/intemed/articlepdf/215760/ira20058.pdf

● https://journals.lww.com/cjasn/Fulltext/2008/03000/Kidney_Transplantation_as_Primary_
Therapy_for.30.aspx

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