Advance Physics For Grade 10 STE Students

Advance Physics for Grade 10 STE Students
Ohm’s Law
OBJECTIVES:
 At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
a. define Ohm’s Law operationally and mathematically;
b. solve problems using Ohm’s Law;
c. appreciate the use of Ohm’s Law in measurement and calculation of

electrical load; and
d. practice accuracy in computation.
Unlocking of Difficulties:
 Current is a flow of electrons in a circuit.
 Ampere (A) unit for electric current.
 Voltage is the pressure that pushes current to flow with in a load

through a conductor
 Volt (v) is the unit for voltage
 Resistance is a property of a material that tends to reduce the flow of

electric current.
 Resistance is the opposition of the flow of the electrons in a circuit.
 Ohm (Ω) unit for resistance
 Directly proportional- if one of the quantities will increase, the other

quantity will also increase or the both will decrease.
 Inversely proportional- if one of the quantities will increase the other

quantity will decrease or the other way around.
 Slope- steepness of the line. In is define as rise over run.

- change in y / change in x or y2-y1/x2-x1.
 Ohm’s Law states that the current in a circuit is directly proportional

to the voltage and inversely proportional to its resistance.
Where:
 I is the current through the conductor in units of amperes (A) and the
flow electrons in a circuit.
 V is the voltage measured across the conductor in units of volts (v)

and an electrical pressure that pushes current to flow with a load
through a conductor.
 R is the resistance of the conductor in units of ohm (Ω) and the

opposition of the flow of electrons in a circuit.
 For a constant resistance
Example:
1. A potential difference of 5v is applied to a 10Ω resistor. Find the current

flowing through it.
2. A potential difference of 10 v is applied to a 10Ω resistor. Find the current

flowing through it.
 For a constant resistance, the amount of current flowing through a

circuit is directly proportional to its voltage.
Now, V ∝ I
 If the voltage increases the current also increases and if the voltage
decreases the current will also decrease, if the resistance is held
constant.
Statement for constant voltage
 3. A voltage source of 5 V connects to a 10 Ω resistor. Find the

current flowing through it.
 4. A voltage source of 5 V connects with a 20 Ω resistance, find the

current flowing through it.
 The electric current flowing through the circuit is inversely

proportional to its resistance.
 Now, for a constant voltage, statement will become: I = V/R → I ∝

1/R
 From the examples, one can understand that by increasing the

resistance, the current decreases
Statement for constant current
 The amount of voltage dropped across any circuit is directly

proportional to its resistance.
Now, V ∝ R
 By comparing both cases one can understand that amount of voltage

increases when the resistor increases.
 More specifically Ohm’s law states that the resistance (R) in this
relation is constant, independent of the current
 This law was named after the German Physicist George Simon Ohm.
 In 1827, German physicist Georg Simon Ohm published his complete

theory of electricity with the title The Galvanic Circuit Investigated
Mathematically. He found that the voltage drop over a part of a
circuit is the product of the current through and the resistance of
that part. This formed the basis of the law that we use today. The law
is one of the fundamental relations for resistors.
Hence, similar to the flow of water, in an electronic

circuit, the current increases with an increase in voltage, and decreases as the
voltage decreases. This is the Ohm’s Law
IN ELECTRONICS:
The electronic devices such as laptop and mobile phones require a dc power
supply with the specific current rating. Typical mobile phone batteries require
0.7 – 1 A. A resistor is used to control the rate of current flowing through
these components. The Ohm’s law is used to calculate the rating of current
which should be used in the typical circuit.

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Advance Physics for Grade 10 STE Students

 At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:

a. define Ohm’s Law operationally and mathematically;

b. solve problems using Ohm’s Law;

c. appreciate the use of Ohm’s Law in measurement and calculation of

d. practice accuracy in computation.

 Current is a flow of electrons in a circuit.

 Ampere (A) unit for electric current.

 Voltage is the pressure that pushes current to flow with in a load

 Volt (v) is the unit for voltage

 Resistance is a property of a material that tends to reduce the flow of

 Resistance is the opposition of the flow of the electrons in a circuit.

 Ohm (Ω) unit for resistance

 Directly proportional- if one of the quantities will increase, the other

 Inversely proportional- if one of the quantities will increase the other

 Slope- steepness of the line. In is define as rise over run.

 Ohm’s Law states that the current in a circuit is directly proportional

 V is the voltage measured across the conductor in units of volts (v)

 R is the resistance of the conductor in units of ohm (Ω) and the

 For a constant resistance

1. A potential difference of 5v is applied to a 10Ω resistor. Find the current

2. A potential difference of 10 v is applied to a 10Ω resistor. Find the current

 For a constant resistance, the amount of current flowing through a

Statement for constant voltage

 3. A voltage source of 5 V connects to a 10 Ω resistor. Find the

 4. A voltage source of 5 V connects with a 20 Ω resistance, find the

 The electric current flowing through the circuit is inversely

 Now, for a constant voltage, statement will become: I = V/R → I ∝

 From the examples, one can understand that by increasing the

Statement for constant current

 The amount of voltage dropped across any circuit is directly

 By comparing both cases one can understand that amount of voltage

 In 1827, German physicist Georg Simon Ohm published his complete

Hence, similar to the flow of water, in an electronic

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