Measuring Length
Measuring Length
1
Let’s See What You Already Know
Before beginning with the first lesson, take the following test. This will
determine what you already know about the topic.
1. The Statue of Liberty is 45,300 millimeters high. What is the height of
the statue in meters?
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
2. The Marianas Trench is about 6.8 miles deep. What is its depth in
feet?
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
3. Mayon volcano is 9,991 feet high. What is its height in centimeters?
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
4. Dindo Pumaren stands 68 inches tall. Olsen Racela stands 5.75 feet
tall. Jimuel Torion is 170.18 centimeters tall. Who among the three
basketball players is the tallest? Express their heights in inches.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Well, how was it? Do you think you fared well? Compare your answers
with those in the Answer Key on pages 47–49.
If all your answers are correct, very good! This shows that you already
know much about the topic. You may still study the module to review what
you already know. Who knows, you might learn a few more new things as
well.
If you got a low score, don’t feel bad. This means that this module is for
you. It will help you understand important concepts that you can apply in your
daily life. If you study this module carefully, you will learn the answers to all
the items in the test and a lot more! Are you ready?
You may now go to the next page to begin Lesson 1.
2
LESSON 1
3
Let’s Try This
You can measure the lengths of objects or the distances between places by
using parts of your body as a measuring tool. Let us try measuring things
around the house using the hand span.
To make a hand span, spread out your fingers. The length of the hand
span is measured from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger.
one hand
span
↑
To measure the length of an object using the hand span, place your
outstretched hand at one end of the object. Then move your hand along the
object, always beginning the next hand span at the point reached by your little
finger. Count how many hand spans you are able to make from one end of the
object to the other. Record your results.
4
If the end of the object does not measure exactly one hand span, express
the length in fraction. For example, the length of a table can measure 6 ½ hand
spans or the length of a window can measure 8 ¾ hand spans.
Try measuring some objects in your house using your hand span. Below
is a list of objects you can measure. An example is given to guide you. Write
your measurements in the blanks.
5
Another method of measuring the length of objects is by the open arms’
breadth. This is determined by opening your arms sidewards as in the picture
below.
↑
one open
arms’
breadth
The length of an open arms’ breadth is from the tip of the middle finger
of one arm to the tip of the middle finger of the other arm, while the arms are
outstretched. The open arms’ breadth can be used to measure objects or
things that are big or long.
Try measuring one side of the fence or wall surrounding your house.
How many open arms’ breadth is it?
__________________________________. Now try measuring the length of
one side of your house. How many open arms’ breadth is it?
__________________________________.
In the picture below, the gate measures 3 open arms’ breadths.
6
Like with the hand span, if the end of the object does not measure exactly
one open arms’ breadth, express the length in fraction. For example, the length
of a wall may measure 5 ½ open arm’s breadths or the length of a fence may
measure 8 ¾ open arms’ breadths.
Now what if you want to measure the distance between two places? Can
you think of a way to do this using parts of your body? Think about this for a
while and write your answer below.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Let’s Review
How can you measure the lengths of objects and the distances between
places using certain parts of your body? Give specific examples.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Compare your answer with the one in the Answer Key on page 49.
7
Let’s Learn
In ancient times, people measured the lengths of objects with the use of
the human body. For example, the Egyptians used the cubit to measure length.
A cubit is based on the length of the arm from the elbow to the outstretched
fingertips. Another example is the foot which is based on the length of a
human foot from the tip of the toes to the heel.
one cubit
↑
↑
one foot
But since the size of body parts varies among people, some problems
arose. A cubit based on a short-armed person’s arm is different from that
based on the arm of a long-armed person. Because of this problem, people
began to argue about how long a cubit should really be. Traders, for example,
often fought over the proper lenght of goods, like a cubit of cloth.
8
To solve the problem, people began to think of other ways of measuring
length. They soon agreed on using standard systems of measurement.
This made length more accurate. People no longer based the cubit on the
length of the arm. They based it on a royal master cubit made of black marble.
People checked their measuring sticks against the master cubit regularly. This
made measuring sticks uniform and equal.
In modern times, people use the metric system and the English system.
These are standards that are agreed upon by many countries. Systems of
measurement should meet two important conditions: that the units are
convenient and that they are consistent.
The metric system allows the sizes of the units to be made bigger or
smaller by the use of appropriate prefixes. On the following page is a list of
prefixes with their symbols used for the metric system. The multiplying factors
are also given.
9
Prefix Symbol Meaning
mega [M] a million times
kilo [k] a thousand tim
hecto [h] a hundred time
deca [da] ten times
megameter (Mm)
kilometer (km)
hectometer (hm)
decameter (dam)
decimeter (dm)
centimeter (cm)
millimeter (mm)
micrometer (µm)
The metric system is easier and simpler to use because it uses the decimal
system, which is based on multiples of ten. This makes computations and
conversions a lot easier.
There are common measuring devices used to measure length in the
metric system. These are the meter stick, the ruler and the measuring tape.
Look for rulers and measuring tapes with gradations in millimeters (mm) and/
or centimeters (cm).
10
Observe the gradations of the ruler in centimeters and that in millimeters.
Do you notice the similarity? For gradations expressed in centimeters, the
count is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and so on. For gradations expressed in millimeters, the
count is 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and so on. These marked gradations are actually
equal in length. This means that 1 cm = 10 mm, 2 cm = 20 mm, and so on.
So if you need to measure length in centimeters using a ruler with
gradations in millimeters, just remove the zero from the digit. Thus, 10
millimeters is 1 centimeter, 200 millimeters becomes 20 centimeters, and so on.
In the opposite case, if you need to measure length in millimeters using a
ruler with gradations in centimeters, just add zero at the end of the numbers.
Thus 1 centimeter is 10 millimeters, 30 centimeters is 300 millimeters, and so
on.
To measure an object using the meter stick, ruler or measuring tape, place
the zero mark of the gradation on one end of the object to be measured.
With the zero mark fixed on one end of the object, measure the length by
reading where the gradations on the ruler meet the other end of the object.
11
Let’s Try This
To measure long lengths or distances, you can use the tape measure. Can
you measure one side of your fence? How long is it when measured in
centimeters? _______________________. How about one side of your
house? How long is it in centimeters? __________________________.
12
Let’s Review
Explain why it is better to use measuring instruments like the ruler, the
meter stick and the tape measure rather than using the parts of the body for
measuring lengths and distances.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Compare your answer with the one in the Answer Key on pages 49–50.
Have you seen a ruler or a meter stick? Did you notice the units of length
indicated on them? Some rulers and meter sticks are gradated in centimeters
while others are gradated in millimeters.
Gradation in centimeters
Gradation in millimeters
13
How do you convert measurements from centimeters to millimeters and
vice versa? You can convert from one unit to another using the conversion
factors in the list below.
Units Symbol Conversion Factor
Notice that there are two possible arrangements for the conversion factor
ratio. The examples on the next page will help you decide which among the
two possible arrangements you should use.
To convert one unit to another, you should convert the current unit of
measure into meters first if it is not in meters yet. After converting the units
into meters, convert it, then, to the desired unit of measure.
It is suggested that you memorize these conversion factors so that you will
have an easier time solving the conversion problems.
Following are some sample problems and their solutions to help you
understand what we have discussed.
14
PROBLEM 1 Convert 14 centimeters to meters.
SOLUTION:
1,000 mm
30 m × = 30,000 mm
1m
15
Let’s Solve This Problem
Now that you know how to convert from one metric unit to another, let us
try solving some of these conversion problems. Let us do it step by step.
1. Aling Senyang needs 1.5 meters of cloth. She does not have a
meterstick or a measuring tape in meters. She only has a ruler with
centimeter readings. How many centimeters should she measure in
order to get 1.5 meters of cloth?
SOLUTION:
1.5 m × = __________
3 dam × = __________ m
16
c) Now that the units are in meters, you can easily convert it to
centimeters. Do you know what the conversion factor is?
_______________________________________________
d) Next, you must multiply your answer in (b) with the
conversion factor in (c) to get the equivalent units in centimeters.
___ m × = __________ cm
Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on pages 50–51.
7 – 11 Good! You can now move on to the next lesson.
0–6 You should study this lesson again. Make sure to review the
parts or sections that you did not understand well.
Let us see if you have understood this lesson well. Take the test below to
determine how much you have learned about the topics discussed. Good
luck!
1. Find a rectangular dining table. Measure its length and width in terms
of hand spans and centimeters. (2 points)
****************** Measurement in hand spans Measurements in centimeters
17
3. Manang Lucia needs a roll of aluminum foil for the food she is going
to cook for a party. She needs 30 sheets of aluminum foil, each 40
centimeters long. How many meters of aluminum foil does Manang
Lucia need to produce the 30 sheets of aluminum foil? (3 points)
SOLUTION:
That wasn’t so difficult, was it? Now compare your answers with those in
the Answer Key on pages 51–52.
18
Let’s Remember
19
LESSON 2
Let’s Read
20
Bong was able to sleep soundly that Hmmm... the measuring tape reads 4 1/2
night. He was so happy to learn how tall feet. You’ve growntaller sincelastyear.
he was. He imagined that he will grow a
little bit taller when he wakes up in the
morning. When he awoke, he was
certain that he grew taller. So Bong
asked his kuya to measure his height…
Bong thought about what Yesterday, Itay told me I was 1 1/2 yards tall,now my kuya
he heard from his kuya. He tells me I’m 4 1/2 feet tall. There is an increase in number
so that means I’m taller today than I was yesterday! I’m
thought… really growing fast. I should eat more healthy foods and do
more exercises so that tomorrow I will grow taller again.
21
After hearing what his mother 54inches!TwodaysagoIwas11/2yardstall,
said Bong thought to himself... yesterdayIwas 41/2feettall,andnow54...54
inchestall! Ican’tbelieveI’vegrowntalleragain.
I’lltellNinongAtoabouthowfastI’vegrownin
threedays.
Ninong Ato thought for a Ha, ha, ha! Nobody grows up as fast as that, Bong.
while. He took a good look at his You see, 1 1/2 yards, 4 1/2 feet and 54 inches are
allequalheights. Theyarejustexpressedin
godson and laughed…. differentunitsbuttheyarethesame.
22
Upon learning this, Bong frowned and became sad….
Let’s Review
Why did Bong think he was growing taller every day? Did he in fact grow
tall? Explain.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Compare your answer with the one in the Answer Key on page 52.
23
Let’s Learn
The English system, also known as the U.S. Customary System of Units,
has been used in the United States and in many European countries for
hundreds of years now. This system was developed over a period of more
than a thousand years.
The English system is elaborate and uses more than one unit of measure
for length. This can often lead to confusion. But since many countries use the
English system, it is important for you to know how to use this system of
measurement.
For measuring length, the English system uses the following units:
inch yard
foot mile
Notice that there are 16 gradations in one inch. Each gradation is 1/16th of
an inch. The gradations of an inch are:
0, 1/16 inch, 2/16 inch, 3/16 inch, 4/16 inch, 5/16 inch, 6/16 inch, 7/16 inch, 8/
16 inch, 9/16 inch, 10/16 inch, 11/16 inch, 12/16 inch, 13/16 inch, 14/16 inch,
15/16 inch, 1 inch.
24
Some of the fractions can be simplified so the measurements will read:
0, 1/16 inch, 1/8 inch, 3/16 inch, 1/4 inch, 5/16 inch, 3/8 inch, 7/16 inch, ½
inch, 9/16 inch, 5/8 inch, 11/16 inch, ¾ inch, 13/16 inch, 7/8 inch, 15/16 inch, 1
inch.
25
The Yard (yd.)
Look at the illustration of a yardstick below. One yard is equivalent to 36
inches; it is also equivalent to 3 feet.
The yard is usually used for measuring objects of great length like rolls of
cloth, sheets of aluminum or coils of wire. It may also be used to measure
short distances.
26
Measurements in inches:
Object Length Width Height
Measurements in feet:
Object Length Width Height
Bed 5 feet and 11 inches 2 feet and 11 1/2 inches 1 foot and 5 1/2 inches
Door ******************** ________________ ________________
Table ________________ ________________ ________________
Refrigerator ________________ ________________ ________________
Measurements in yards:
Object Length
Let’s Review
27
2. Look at the picture of a book below. How long is the book in inches?
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
_____________________________________________________
Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on pages 52–53.
Conversion Factors
It is important that you know how to convert one English system unit to
another. For units of length these are the conversion factors you need to
memorize:
Unit of Measure Equivalent Units
1 foot 12 inches
1 yard 3 feet
28
Let us practice solving some conversion problems:
PROBLEM 1 Convert 60 inches to feet.
SOLUTION:
STEP 3 The conversion factor for converting yards to feet is: 1 yard = 3
feet.
1 yd.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
3 ft.
STEP 4 Multiply 18,480 ft. by the conversion factor.
1 yd.
18,480 ft. × = 6,160 yd.
3 ft.
29
Let’s Review
Edgar is 67.2 inches tall, Richard is 5.5 feet tall and Alberto is 2 yards tall.
Who is the tallest among the three?
SOLUTION:
2 yd. × = _____________
e. Now that the heights of Edgar, Richard and Alberto are all
expressed in feet, you can easily compare these. Who among the
three is the tallest?
_______________________________________________
Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on page 53.
30
Let’s See What You Have Learned
You have come to the last part of this lesson. Let us now see how much
you have understood and learned. Answer the following test questions. Good
luck!
1. What is the length of the book in the picture below? (1 point)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
2. What is the measurement of the pencil in the picture below?
________(1 point)
31
3. Anne is 66 inches tall. Liza measures 5.25 feet in height. Maria is 1.9
yards tall. Who among the three is the shortest? Compare their heights
in feet. (5 points)
SOLUTION:
4. Sonny was able to climb 8,500 feet up the mountain, Carlos was able to
climb 2,800 yards and Raul was able to climb 1.6 miles. Who was able
to climb up the highest? Compare the heights in feet. (5 points)
SOLUTION:
32
Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on pages 54–56.
If your test score is from:
11–12 Excellent! You have understood this lesson very well. You
may now turn to the next page to study the next lesson.
8–10 Good! Review only the items which you did not get
correctly.
4–7 Review the topics which you did not understand.
0–3 You have to study this lesson again.
Let’s Remember
The following are the conversion factors for switching from one English
unit to another:
Unit of Measure Equivalent Units
1 foot 12 inches
1 yard 3 feet
33
LESSON 3
For this activity, you need a ruler with gradations in inches and
centimeters. We will try to know the equivalent length in centimeters of a
measurement expressed in inches. An example is shown to guide you.
EXAMPLE:
34
The line measures 5.1 centimeters long.
Now try drawing lines with the following measurements in inches and try
measuring the equivalent lengths in centimeters.
1) 1 ¼ inches
Equivalent in centimeters: __________
2) 2 1/8 inches
Equivalent in centimeters: __________
3) 3 5/16 inches
Equivalent in centimeters: __________
Were you able to measure the lengths in centimeters?
(One and one-fourth) inches should be equivalent to about 3.2 centimeters.
(Two and one-eighth) inches should be equivalent to about 5.4 centimeters.
(Three and five-sixteenth) inches should be equivalent to about 3.3
centimeters.
Let’s Learn
There are conversion factors you can use to find out the equivalent
measurements in the English and metric systems. The table below shows these:
35
Let’s Study and Analyze
2.54 cm
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 in.
STEP 2 Multiply 4.5 inches by the conversion factor.
2.54 cm
4.5 in. × = 11.43 cm
1 in.
SOLUTION:
1 mi.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1.61 km
STEP 2 Multiply 8.05 kilometers by the conversion factor.
1 mi.
8.05 km × = 5 miles
1.61 km
36
PROBLEM 3 A customer needed 3.5 meters of cloth. However, the
store owner has a measuring tape with gradations in inches
only. How many inches are equivalent to 3.5 meters?
SOLUTION:
3.28 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1m
STEP 2 Multiply 3.5 meters with the conversion factor.
3.28 ft.
3.5 m × = 11.48 ft.
1m
STEP 3 You can now convert from feet to inches. The conversion factor
from feet to inches is:
1 foot = 12 inches
12 in.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 ft.
12 in
11.48 ft. × = 137.76 cm
1 ft.
37
Let’s Review
14 m × = _____________
2. The length of the Mississippi River is 2,340 miles. What is its length
in kilometers?
SOLUTION:
38
b. Multiply 10,057 meters by the conversion factor. (1 point)
10,057 m × = _____________
c. Now that the depth is expressed in feet, you can readily convert it
to inches. What is the conversion factor? (1 point)
_______________________________________________
d. Multiply your answer in (b) by the conversion factor in (c) to get
the equivalent measurement in inches. (1 point)
________ × = _____________
Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on pages 56–57.
You have come to the last part of this lesson. Let us see how much you
have understood and learned. Answer the following test questions. Good luck!
1. Draw lines with the following measurements in inches and then
measure the equivalent lengths in centimeters.
a. 3 3/8 inches
Equivalent in centimeters: __________ (1 point)
b. 1 1/8 inches
Equivalent in centimeters: __________ (1 point)
39
2. The average depth of the Pacific Ocean is 12,925 feet while that of the
Atlantic Ocean is 3.58 kilometers. Which of the two oceans is deeper?
Compare their depths in feet. (5 points)
SOLUTION:
3. The Taal volcano is 11,808 inches high. Express its height in meters.
(4 points)
SOLUTION:
40
4. Convert 421.64 cm to inches. (2 points)
SOLUTION:
41
Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on pages 57–60.
Let’s Remember
The following are the conversion factors for converting units from the
Metric system to the English system and vice versa:
English System Metric System
Let’s Sum Up
42
♦ The following are the conversion factors for changing one English
unit to another:
Unit of Measure Equivalent Units
1 foot 12 inches
1 yard 3 feet
♦ The following are the conversion factors for converting units from
the metric system to the English system and vice versa:
English Metric System
43
2. Mang Berto needs a coil of electric wire 6.5 meters long. But he does
not have a measuring instrument in meters. He has a ruler with
gradations in centimeters only. How many centimeters of electric wire
should Mang Berto measure to get 6.5 meters? (2 points)
SOLUTION:
3. Boyet stands 66 inches tall, Asiong stands 5.7 feet tall and Pecto
stands 1.8 yards tall. Who is the tallest among the three? Compare
their heights in feet. (5 points)
SOLUTION:
44
4. Mount Kanlaon is 8,070 feet high. Express its height in centimeters.
(4 points)
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on pages 60–63.
45
If your score is from:
15–17 Excellent! You have understood this module very well. You
may now study the next one.
11–14 Good. Review only the items which you did not get right.
46
Answer Key
1m
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1,000 mm
STEP 2 Multiply 45,300 millimeters by the conversion factor.
1m
45,300 mm × = 45.3 meters
1,000 mm
45.3
1,000 45,300.0
4 000
5 300
5 000
3 000
3 000
0
5,280 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 mi.
47
STEP 2 Multiply 6.8 miles by the conversion factor.
5,280 ft.
6.8 mi. × = 35,904 ft.
1 mi.
3. Answer: 304,525.68 cm
SOLUTION:
12 in.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 ft.
STEP 2 Multiply 9,991 feet by the conversion factor.
12 in.
9,991 ft. × = 119,892 in.
1 ft.
STEP 3 Now that the measurements is expressed in inches, you can
easily convert it to centimeters. The conversion factor is:
1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
2.54 cm
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 in.
STEP 4 Multiply 119,892 inches by the conversion factor.
2.54 cm
119,892 in. × = 304,525.68 cm
1 in.
4. Answer: Olsen Racela is the tallest player among the three
basketball players. His height is 69 inches.
SOLUTION:
12 in.
5.75 ft. × = 69 inches
1 ft.
To convert Jimuel Torion’s height to inches:
STEP 1 You need to convert 170.18 centimeters to inches. The
conversion factor is:
1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 in.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
2.54 cm
STEP 2 Multiply 170.18 cm by the conversion factor.
1 in.
170.18 cm × = 67 inches
2.54 cm
67
170.18 in
→ 254 17,018
2.54 1 524
1778
1778
0
B. Lesson 1
49
Measuring instruments use measurement standards that are
uniform and consistent. This eliminates the confusion that often arises
when using body parts as measurement tools.
Let’s Solve This Problem (pages 16–17)
100 cm
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1m
b. Multiply 1.5 meters by the conversion factor.
100 cm
1.5 m × = 150 cm
1m
2. Answer: 3,000 cm
SOLUTION:
10 m
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 dam
b. Now you can multiply 3 decameters by the conversion
factor.
10 m
3 dam × = 30 m
1 dam
c) Now you can easily convert from meters to centimeters.
1 m = 100 cm
100 cm
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1m
50
d. Multiply 30 meters by the conversion factor.
100 cm
30 m × = 3,000 cm
1m
Let’s See What You Have Learned (pages 18–19)
1. This is a sample answer:
****************** Measurement in hand spans Measurements in centimeters
1m
Conversion factor in ratio form:
100 cm
STEP 3 Multiply 1,200 centimeters by the conversion factor.
1m
1,200 cm × = 12 m
100 cm
12
100 1,200
100
200
200
0
51
4. Answer: 700,000 millimeters
SOLUTION:
100 m
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 hm
STEP 2 Multiply 7 hectometers by the conversion factor.
100 m
7 hm × = 700 m
1 hm
STEP 3 Now that the measurement is in meters, you can easily
convert it to millimeters. The conversion factor is:
1 m = 1,000 millimeters
1,000 mm
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1m
STEP 4 Multiply 700 meters by the conversion factor.
1,000 mm
700 m × = 700,000 mm
1m
C. Lesson 2
1 foot 12 inches
1 yard 3 feet
52
2. Answer: 8 ¾ inches
Let’s Review (page 30)
Answer: Alberto is the tallest; he is 6 feet tall.
SOLUTION:
1 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
12 in.
b. Multiply 67.2 inches by the conversion factor.
1 ft.
67.2 in. × = 5.6 feet
12 in.
5.6
12 67.2
60
72
72
0
3 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 yd.
d. Multiply 2 yards by the conversion factor.
3 ft.
2 yd. × = 6 feet
1 yd.
e. Edgar is 5.6 feet tall. Richard is 5.5 feet tall. Alberto is 6 feet tall.
Alberto is the tallest among the three.
53
Let’s See What You Have Learned (pages 31–33)
1. The book is 9 5/8 inches long.
2. The pencil is 8 7/16 inches long.
3. Answer: Liza is the shortest among the three. She is 5.25
feet tall.
SOLUTION:
You won’t know who among the three is the shortest unless
you compare their heights in the same unit. Try comparing them
in feet because inches and yards can readily be converted to feet.
To calculate Anne’s height in feet:
a. You need to convert 66 inches to feet. The conversion factor
is:
1 foot = 12 inches
1 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
12 in.
b. Multiply 66 inches by the conversion factor.
1 ft.
66 in. × = 5.5 ft.
12 in.
5.5
12 66.0
60
60
60
0
3 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 yd.
54
d. Multiply 1.9 yards by the conversion factor in (c).
3 ft.
1.9 yd. × = 5.7 ft.
1 yd.
e. Now that the heights of Anne, Liza and Maria are all
expressed in feet, you can easily compare their heights. Liza
is the shortest among the three. She is 5.25 feet tall.
4. Answer: Sonny climbed the highest at 8,500 feet.
SOLUTION:
3 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 yd.
b. Multiply 2,800 yards by the conversion factor.
3 ft.
2,800 yd. × = 8,400 ft.
1 yd.
5,280 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 mi.
d) Multiply 1.6 miles with the conversion factor.
5,280 ft.
1.6 mi. × = 8,448 ft.
1 mi.
55
e. Now that the heights that Sonny, Carlos and Raul climbed are
all expressed in feet, you can easily compare them. Sonny
climbed the highest, at 8,500 feet.
D. Lesson 3
1.09 yd.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1m
b. Now multiply 14 meters by the conversion factor.
1.09 yd.
14 m × = 15.26 yards
1m
2. Answer: The Mississippi River is 3,767.4 kilometers long.
SOLUTION:
1.61 km
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 mi.
b. Multiply 2,340 miles by the conversion factor.
1.61 km
2,340 mi. × = 3,767.4 km
1 mi.
3. Answer: The Philippine Trench is 395,843.52 inches deep.
SOLUTION:
a. You must convert 10,057 meters to feet, then you can convert
it to inches. The conversion factor is:
1 meter = 3.28 feet
3.28 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1m
56
b. Multiply 10,057 meters by the conversion factor.
3.28 ft.
10,057 m × = 32,986.96 ft.
1m
c. Now that the depth is expressed in feet, you can readily
convert it to inches. The conversion factor is:
1 foot = 12 inches
12 in.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 ft.
d. Multiply 32,986.96 feet by the conversion factor.
12 in.
32,986.96 ft. × = 395,843.52 inches
1 ft.
Let’s See What You Have Learned (pages 39–42)
1. a. Three and three-eighth inches is equivalent to about 8.6
centimeters.
b. One and one-eighth inches is equivalent to about 2.9
centimeters.
2. Answer: The Pacific Ocean is deeper than the Atlantic
Ocean.
SOLUTION:
1,000 m
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 km
b. Multiply 3.58 kilometers by the conversion factor.
1,000 m
3 .85 km × = 3,850 m
1 km
57
c. Now that the depth is expressed in meters, you can easily
convert it to feet. The conversion factor is:
3.28 feet = 1 meter
3.28 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1m
d. Multiply 3,850 meters by the conversion factor.
3.28 ft.
3,850 m × = 12,628 ft.
1m
e. You can now compare the depths of the two oceans since
both of them are expressed in feet. The Pacific Ocean is
deeper than the Atlantic Ocean.
Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean
12,925 feet > 12,628 feet
3. Answer: Taal Volcano is 300 meters high.
SOLUTION:
1 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
12 in.
b. Multiply 11,808 inches by the conversion factor.
1 ft.
11,808 in. × = 984 ft.
12 in.
984
12 11,808
108
100
96
48
48
0
58
c. Now that the height is expressed in feet, you can easily
convert it to meters. The conversion factor is:
1 meter = 3.28 feet
1m
Conversion factor in ratio form:
3.28 ft.
d. Multiply 984 feet by the conversion factor.
1m
984 ft. × = 300 m
3.28 ft.
984 m 300
→ 328 98,400
3.28
984
0
0
0
59
5. Answer: 477 meters
SOLUTION:
1m
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1.09 yd.
1m
519.93 yd. × = 477 m
1.09 yd.
477
519.93 m
→ 109 51,993
1.09 436
839
763
763
763
0
100 m
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 hm
b. Multiply 23 hectometers by the conversion factor:
100 m
23 hm × = 2,300 m
1 hm
60
c. Now that the measurement is expressed in meters, you can
easily convert it to decimeters. The conversion factor is:
1 meter = 10 decimeters
10 dm
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1m
d. Multiply 2,300 meters by the conversion factor.
10 dm
2,300 m × = 23,000 dm
1m
2. Answer: 650 centimeters
SOLUTION:
100 cm
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1m
b. Multiply 6.5 meters by the conversion factor. (1 point)
100 cm
6.5 m × = 650 cm
1m
3. Answer: Asiong is the tallest among the three, with a height
of 5.7 feet.
SOLUTION:
1 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
12 in.
61
b. Multiply 66 inches by the conversion factor.
1 ft.
66 in. × = 5.5 ft.
12 in.
5.5
12 66.0
60
60
60
0
3 ft.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 yd.
3 ft.
1.8 yd. × = 5.4 ft.
1 yd.
e. Now that the heights of the three are all expressed in feet,
you can easily compare them. Asiong is the tallest among
the three, with a height of 5.7 feet.
4. Answer: Mount Kanlaon is 245,973.6 centimeters high.
SOLUTION:
12 in.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 ft.
62
b. Multiply 8,070 feet by the conversion factor.
12 in.
8,070 ft. × = 96,840 in.
1 ft.
c. Now that the measurement is expressed in inches, you can
easily convert it to centimeters. The conversion factor is:
1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
2.54 cm
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1 in.
d. Multiply 96,840 meters by the conversion factor.
2.54 cm
96,840 in. × = 245,973.6 cm
1 in.
5. Answer: The Amazon River is 4,000 miles long.
SOLUTION:
1 mi.
Conversion factor in ratio form:
1.61 km
b. Multiply 6,440 kilometers by the conversion factor.
1 mi.
6,440 km × = 4,000 mi.
1.61 km
63
References
64