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kan077bei023COMPUTER LAB REPORT
LABORATORY SESSION 7 –- Strings and pointers
Prakriti Thapa
07.19.2021
Roll no:23
Title: - Structure
Objective:
Theory:
Structure is a user defined data type available in C that allows combining
data items of different kinds. A structure creates a data type that can be
used to group items of possibly different types into a single type.The
structure is something similar to an array; the only difference is that an array
is used to store the same data types.
➢ ‘struct’ keyword is used to declare the structure in C.
➢ Variables inside the structure are called members of the structure.
Syntax:
struct structurename
{
datatype member1;
datatype member2;
……………………
datatype membern;
};
We have declared a person in struct type in the given example . When a struct
type is declared, no storage or memory is allocated. To allocate memory of a
given structure type and work with it, we need to create variables.
1
Access memory of a structure
There are two types of operators used for accessing members of a structure.
1. Member operator (.)
2. Structure pointer operator (->)
Keyword typedef
We use the typedef keyword to create an alias name for data types.
It is commonly used with structures to simplify the syntax of
declaring variables.
Code A
struct client{
int height;
float weight;
};
int main() {
struct client c1, c2;
}
Here , code A is equivalent to code B. So typedef makes it easier
while writing a struct type code.
2
Program 1
Title: Create a structure length to store length in feet & inches and read two lengths
and display their sum and difference.
Algorithm:
Step1: Start
Step 2:declare length
struct length
{
int feet;
float inch;
}l1,l2,sum,diff;
void main()
{
printf("For 1st person: \n");
printf("Enter feet: \0");
scanf("%d",&l1.feet);
printf("Enter inch: \0");
scanf("%f",&l1.inch);
printf("For 2nd person: \n");
printf("Enter feet: \0");
scanf("%d",&l2.feet);
printf("Enter inch: \0");
scanf("%f",&l2.inch);
Flowchart:
3
Source code:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
struct length
{
int feet;
float inch;
}l1,l2,sum,diff;
void main()
{
printf("For 1st person: \n");
printf("Enter feet: \0");
scanf("%d",&l1.feet);
printf("Enter inch: \0");
scanf("%f",&l1.inch);
4
printf("For 2nd person: \n");
printf("Enter feet: \0");
scanf("%d",&l2.feet);
printf("Enter inch: \0");
scanf("%f",&l2.inch);
sum.feet = l1.feet + l2.feet;
sum.inch = l1.inch + l2.inch;
diff.feet = l1.feet - l2.feet;
diff.inch = l1.inch - l2.inch;
if(diff.inch<0)
{
diff.feet = diff.feet -1;
diff.inch = diff.inch + 12;
}
while (sum.inch>=12)
{
sum.feet++;
sum.inch -= 12;
}
printf("\n Sum of distances=%d feet %.2f inch.",sum.feet,sum.inch);
printf("\n DIfference of distances= %d feet %.1f
inch.",abs(diff.feet),fabs(diff.inch));
getch();
}
Output:
5
6