LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL REVIEWER RIZAL LAW

REPUBLIC ACT 1425 - also known as “The Rizal Law”

June 12, 1956 - The Republic Act was signed by the

Fr. Jesus
Cavanna –
President Ramon Magsaysay.
February 15, 1996 – the CHED issued
Memorandum Order 6 ordering all colleges and
universities to offer Rizal course as a separate
three-unit course fully and immediately commented that
SENATOR Rizal’s Novels
CLARO M. belonged in the
RECTO - past and it would
authored the Rizal be harmful to read
Bill these because
SENATOR JOSE these presented a
P LAUREL SR. - false picture of the
sponsored the bill conditions of the
in the country that time.
Senate, who was Jesus Paredes
then the Chairman (radio
of the Committee commentator) -
on Education also said that
CLARO M. RECTO - authored the Rizal Bill
JOSE P LAUREL SR. - sponsored the bill in the Senate,
who was then the Chairman of the Committee on
Catholics had
Education.
 that accommodated the objections of the
Catholic Church was approved unanimously.
the right to
 SECTION 3 - The Board of National Education shall cause
refuse to read the translation of the Noli MeTangere and El
Filibusterismo, as well as other writings of Jose Rizal

them as it
into English, Tagalog and the principal Philippine
dialects

would “endanger SECTION 4 - prohibiting the discussion of religious

doctrines by public school teachers and other person
engaged in any public school.

their salvation” SECTION 5 - The sum of three hundred thousand pesos

is hereby authorized to be appropriated out of any fund
Fr. Jesus Cavanna – commented that Rizal’s
Novels belonged in the past and it would be harmful to not otherwise appropriated in the National Treasury to
read these because these presented a false picture of carry out the purposes of this Act.
the conditions of the country that time.
Jesus Paredes (radio commentator) - also said that SECTION 6 - This Act shall take effect upon its approval.
Catholics had the right to refuse to read them
as it would “endanger their salvation” Approved: June 12, 1956
Published in the Official Gazette, Vol. 52, No. 6, p.
2971in June 1956.

THE EFFECTS OFTHE RIZAL LAW

POSITIVE EFFECTS:
Decoroso - brother of Archbishop (Cardinal)Rosales  According to Hernando Abaya, 1984,
Rodrigo - President of Catholic Action of the the nationalist reawakening began on the UP campus,
Philippines sparked by the teaching of Rizal’s life and his writings
Narciso Pimentel – speculated that Recto was
motivated by politics in drafting his Rizal Bill. ` and  The youth was made aware of the contributions and
Senator Francisco Rodrigo – the main voices of the the principled life of Jose Rizal
Church opposition in both houses of the Congress.  This Republic Act has pushed for Rizal to be a role
Rizal, “attack dogmas, beliefs and practices of the model for the youth of this country.
 the essence of freedom and independence was
Church.
emphasized to the youth

Republic act no.1425 - An Act to Include in The

NEGATIVE EFFECTS
Curricula of All Public and private Schools, Colleges and  . The R. A. 1425 just caused havoc within educational
universities Courses On the Life, Works and Writings Of institutions
Jose Rizal, Particularly His Novels Noli Me Tangere And  caused a mass confusion between faith and
Elfilibusterismo, Authorizing The printing And nationalism
Distribution thereof, And For Other Purposes  . This law is endangering the Christian growth of the
students who are still in their formative years
SECTION 1 - Courses on the life, works and writings of  . This can drive the youth to question the credibility
Jose Rizal, particularly his novel Noli MeTangere and El of the church and its teachings and traditions.
Filibusterismo, shall be included in the curricula of all WHY STUDY RIZAL?
schools, It is of great importance that students understand
the rationale behind having to take up a Rizal course
SECTION 2 - The Board of National Education shall in college. For high school students, the Noli Me
determine the adequacy of the number of books, Tangere and the ElFilibusterismo are injected into
depending upon the enrollment of the school, college or the Filipino subject as part of the overall curriculum.
university. Intertiary education, however, Rizal is a subject
required of any course, in any college or university
in the Philippines.
 1.BECAUSE ITIS MANDATEDBY LAW Gobernadorcillo & Cabeza de Barangay - are the only
The Rizal Law, enacted in 1956, seeks to accomplish the positions a Filipino can have in the Spanish Colonial period
following goals:  Must be 23 years old and above
•To rededicate the lives of youth to the ideals of freedom  Must be educated
and nationalism, for which our heroes lived and died  at least owns a 500 pesos worth of property/money

2.BECAUSE OFTHE LESSONSCONTAINEDWITHIN

THECOURSE Gen. Rafael de Izquierdo (1871-1873) - gave the order to kill
GOMBURZA
•To recognize the importance of Rizal’s ideals and
Admiral Jose Malcampo (1874-1877) - he was a great soldier
teachings in relation to present conditions and situations
but as governor general, his administration was weak due to
in the society.
his incompetency
youth in all aspects of citizenship.
Gen. Fernando Primo de Rivera - took the position twice;
1880-1883 &1897-1898
----took bribes from casino operators in Manila
 The Philippines was discovered by Spain under the
Gen. ValerianoWeyler (1888-1891) -a cruel and corrupt
FERDINAND MAGELLAN expedition on March 17,
official; a tyrantwho killed the Calamba tenants and is called
1521.
the Butcher by the Cubans
 He was sent by king Charles I. With Spain and
Gen. Camilo de Polavieja (1896-1897) - ordered the
Portugal competing on claims over the Moluccas and
execution of Dr. JoseRizal
the Philippine Islands,
 the Spaniards were only able to return to the
Philippines in1543 under the expedition of Ruy Lopez Policies Imposed by the Colonizers
deVillalobos who named the islands as “Filipinas”. 1.Polo- the enforced or compulsory manual labor
The Villalobos expedition exacted the location of the required for every male native between 16 to 60 years
Philippines. of age.
2.Tribute- tax imposed on every individual or family to
pay to the colonial government as a symbol of vassalage
THE CONQUEST to Spain
 In 1565, Miguel Lopez de Legazpi was sent to the 3.Encomienda – a system of landholding wherein
Philippines by Phillip II, the new king of Spain, and
individuals loyal to Spain were granted land as trustees
also Portugal.
 Legaspi became the first Governor General of the 4.Isolation Policy – the natives were banned from
Philippines engaging in any form of intercourse with their Asian
 He also established the Encomienda system neighbors.
Likewise, he founded the city of Manila under Spain in 5.Divide and Rule – the colonizers provoked the natives
1571 after taking it from Rajah Sulayman. to fight among themselves thus, strengthening their
hold of power
Viceroy of Mexico - ruled the Philippines indirectly as the 6.Frailocracy – the rule of the friars or the clergy
representative of the Spanish King
Governor General - heads the national’s government.
-chief executive in the whole archipelago
-head of the state & church
-commander in chief of the military
-as the power to pardon prisoners & to decide about the
issues in the country
-power of cumplace
-Visitador & Residencia

Alkalde Mayor - head in the provincial level

 his power is limited in the province but it is the
same with the Governor General
Gobernadorcillo - head of the town or pueblo
 his power is limited in the town but it is the
same with the Governor General
 Indulto de Comercio
Cabeza de Barangay - head of the barrio government
  Born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna
 He was the seventh in a brood of eleven
children of Francisco Mercado and Teodora
Alonzo.

JUNE 19,1861 - moonlit of wednesday between eleven

and midnight Jose rizal was born in the lakeshore town
of Calamba Laguna
JUNE 22, 1861 - aged three days old, rizal was baptized
in the catholic church
 He was baptized three days later by Father
Rufino Collantes in the Catholic church of
Calamba. Father Pedro Casañas stood as his
godfather (ninong).

FRANCISCO MERCADO
(b. May 11, 1818 – d. January 5, 1898)
 Father of Jose Rizal and considered the
patriarch of the family, was a native of Biñan,
Laguna.
 He was an educated and industrious farmer
who studied Latin and Philosophy at Colegio de
San Jose in Manila. Of Chinese ancestry, his
great grandfather Domingo Lam-co was a native
of Amoy (now Guanzhou), China who married
the Filipina Ines de la Rosa.
 Both Francisco's father, Juan, and grandfather,
Enlightenment - French (literally “century of the became Capitanes or town mayors of Biñan.
Enlightened”), a European intellectual movement of the 17th Upon the death of his mother, Francisco moved
and 18th centuries in which ideas concerning God, reason, to Calamba where he became a tenant and
nature, and humanity were synthesized into a worldview that farmer of a large Dominican estate.
gained wide assent in the West and that instigated  On 28 June 1848, he married Teodora Alonzo
revolutionary developments in art, philosophy, and politics Realonda. In1849, when Gov. Narciso Claveria
issued the decree on the Hispanization of
 The Enlightenment was both a movement and a
state of mind
Filipino names, he chose the new surname
 Rizal from the Latin word “ricial” meaning “rice
Exploration. A period of expansion for Western colonizers for field.”
Spainand Portugal that produced the likes of Christopher  In 1850 he petitioned the court to change the
Columbus,Vasco de Gama, Bartholomew Diaz and Ferdinand family name to Rizal, with all their children
Magellan inquest of gold, evangelization and power. being surnamed as such.
Reformation of the Protestants and the
The Scientific Revolution and the rise of Copernicus, Gallileo
andNewton. The Renaissance, the revival of the arts and
humanities
rediscovering the knowledge of the Greeks and the Roman. It
wasthe rise of masters Michelangelo and Leonardo de Vinci. TEODORA ALONZO REALONDA
(b. November 8, 1826 – d. August 16, 1911)
- educated at the college of santa rosa, a well-known
THE MERCADO FAMILY college for girls in the city
- a remarkable woman, possessing refined culture,
JOSE PROTACIO RIZAL MERCADO Y ALONZO literary talent, business ability and the fortitude of
REALONDA Spartan women
 "PEPE" - died in manila on august 16 1911 at the age of 85
 - The family had a huge dining table and a big
ceiling fan.
- They also had a library of more than a thousand
volumes of Latin and Spanish books.
- In their backyard there is a Nipa hut, a native
house whose roof was made of thatched cogon
grass and bamboo wall, where the children
played.
- Many fruit-bearing trees surrounded the house.

Maestro Justiniano - was a renowned teacher adept in

Latin and Spanish grammar

Andres Salandanan - who almost broke his arm during a

“bunong braso”or arm-wrestling match.

THEIMPRISONMENTOF RIZAL'S
- One of the turning points of Jose Rizal’s life,
which had a profound influence on his
becoming a political activist later on, was the
unjust arrest of his mother.
- His mother based on a malicious and concocted
charge was accused to have conspired with her
brother, Jose Alberto, in an attempt to kill the
latter’s wife by poisoning, despite the lack of
evidence against her.

The Cavite Mutiny was mere error that failed the whole
grand plan. On February 17, 1872, Gomburza were
executed upon the order of the Gov. Gen.Rafael
THE RIZAL HOME The martyrdom of Gomburza and the
Izquierdo
injusticeto his mother made Rizal to become
trulyaware of the evils of Spanish tyranny, and
The martyrdom of Gomburza and the injustice to his
thateven priests can get executed as long as youare
mother made Rizal to become truly aware of the evils of
not one of them, a Spaniard
Spanish tyranny, and that even priests can get executed
- It had many rooms: for the girls, the boys,
as long as you are not one of them, a Spaniard
another for the couple, and quarters for
servants.
- A large, two-story building built of adobe
stones, hardwood and tiled roof.
November 3,1882 – Rizal enrolled at the Universidad
Central de Madrid
- He enrolled Medicine and Philosophy and
Letters