DJD 32 2

DISCOVERIES IN THE JDDAEAN DESERT· XXXII
QUMRAN CAVE 1
II. The Isaiah Scrolls
Part 2: Introductions, Commentary, and Textual Variants
DISCOVERIES IN THE JUDAEAN DESERT· XXXII
EMANUEL TOV, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

EUGENE ULRICH, CHIEF EDITOR, BIBLICAL SCROLLS
DISCOVERIES IN THE JUDAEAN DESERT· XXXII
QUMRAN CAVE 1
II: THE ISAIAH SCROLLS
Part 2: Introductions, Commentary, and Textual Variants
BY
EUGENE ULRICH and PETER W. FLINT

WITH A CONTRIBUTION BY
MARTIN G. ABEGG, JR. ~ ~.
CLARENDON PRESS· OXFORD

2010
CONTENTS
Part 1
Plates and Transcriptions
TABLE OF PLATES X 111
PREFACE xv 11
Plates A-J XIX
THE GREAT ISAIAH SCROLL: lQIsaa 1

Transcriptions of 1QIsaa 2
Plates I-LIV 3
THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY ISAIAH SCROLL: 1QIsab 111

Transcriptions of tQIsab 112
Plates LV-LXXIV 113
Part 2
Introductions, Commentary, and Textual Variants
TABLE OF PLATES IX
FOREWORD X111
ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGLA XV
INTRODUCTION 1
This DJD Edition of lQIsaa and lQIsab 1
Discovery of Cave 1 and the Seven Scrolls 2
The Great Isaiah Scroll (1 QIsaa) 3
The Hebrew University Isaiah Scroll (lQIsab) 12
The Isaiah Scrolls at the Shrine of the Book 14
Photographs of the Cave 1 Isaiah Scrolls 15
The Photographs of lQI saa 15
The Photographs of lQIsab 21
Linguistic Profile of the Isaiah Scrolls, by Martin G. Abegg, Jr. 25
Select Bibliography, by Peter W. Flint 43
VIII CONTENTS
THE GREAT ISAIAH SCROLL: 1QIsaa 57

Introduction to 1Q'Isa" 59
Physical Description and Contents 59
Palaeography and Date 61
A Single Original Scribe 63
Subsequent Scribes 64
Orthography 65
Sense-Divisions 82
Scribal Marks 86
Textual Character 88
The Old Greek Translation 92
Notes on the l Q'Isa" Manuscript and Readings 97
1QIsaa Textual Variants 119
THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY ISAIAH SCROLL: 1QIsab 195

Introduction to 1QIsab (l Q8) 197
Physical Description and Contents 197
Palaeography and Date 199
Orthography 200
Sense- Divisions 204
Textual Character 208
Notes on the 1QIsab Manuscript and Readings 213
1QIsab Textual Variants 235
INDEX OF BIBLICAL PASSAGES 255

INDEX OF CONTENTS OF THE ISAIAH MANUSCRIPTS 259
TABLE OF PLATES
Frontispiece 1Q'Isa" Columns XXXII-XXXIII Isaiah 38-40 v

Plate A 1QIsaa Columns I-IV Isaiah 1-5 XIX
Plate B 1QIsaa Column XLIX Isaiah 59-61 xx

Plate C John Trever Photographing the Community Rule XXI
Plate D 1QIsaa Columns XI-XIII Isaiah 11-16 XXll
Plate E 'l Qfsa" Martin Scheyen Fragments XX111
Plate F 1QIsab Before Unrolling XXIV
Plate G 1QIsab Column XXI Bar Hama xxv

Plate H 1QIsab Columns XIX-XXII Harris XXVI
Plate J 1QIsab Columns XXIII-XXVI Bar Hama XXVll
THE GREAT ISAIAH SCROLL: 1Qlsaa
Plate I 1QIsaa Col. I 1:1-26 3

Plate II 1QIsaa Col. II 1:26--2:21 5
Plate III 1QIsaa Col. III 2:21-3:24 7
Plate IV lQlsaa Col. IV 3:24-5:14 9
Plate V 1QIsaa Col. V 5:14-6:7 11
Plate VI 1QIsaa Col. VI 6:7-7:15 13
Plate VII 1QIsaa Col. VII 7:15-8:8 15
Plate VIII 1QIsaa Col. VIII 8:8-9:11 17
Plate IX 1QIsaa Col. IX 9:11-10:14 19
Plate X 1QIsaa Col. X 10:14-11:12 21
Plate XI 1QIsaa Col. XI 11:12-14:1 23
Plate XII 1QIsaa Col. XII 14:1-29 25
Plate XIII 1QIsaa Col. XIII 14:29-16:14 27
Plate XIV 1QIsaa Col. XIV 16:14-18:7 29
Plate XV 1QIsaa Col. XV 18:7-19:23 31
Plate XVI 1QIsaa Col. XVI 19:23-21 :15 33
Plate XVII 1QIsaa Col. XVII 21:15-22:24 35
Plate XVIII 1QIsaa Col. XVIII 22:24-24:4 37
Plate XIX 1QIsaa Col. XIX 24:4-25:5 39
x TABLE OF PLATES
Plate XX 1QIsaa Col. XX 25:6-26:18 41

Plate XXI 1QIsaa Col. XXI 26:19-28:2 43
Plate XXII 1QIsaa Col. XXII 28:2-24 45
Plate XXIII 1QIsaa Col. XXIII 28:24-29:21 47
Plate XXIV 1QIsaa Col. XXIV 29:21-30:20 49
Plate XXV 1QIsaa Col. XXV 30:20-31:4 51
Plate XXVI 1QIsaa Col. XXVI 31:5-33:1 53
Plate XXVII 1QIsaa Col. XXVII 33:1-24 55
Plate XXVIII 1QIsaa Col. XXVIII 34:1-36:2 57
Plate XXIX 1QIsaa Col. XXIX 36:3-20 59
Plate XXX 1QIsaa Col. XXX 36:20-37:24 61
Plate XXXI 1QIsaa Col. XXXI 37:24-38:8 63
Plate XXXII 1QIsaa Col. XXXII 38:8-40:2 65
Plate XXXIII 1QIsaa Col. XXXIII 40:2-28 67
Plate XXXIV 1QIsaa Col. XXXIV 40:28-41 :23 69
Plate XXXV 1QIsaa Col. XXXV 41:23-42:17 71
Plate XXXVI 1QIsaa Col. XXXVI 42:18-43:20 73
Plate XXXVII 1QIsaa Col. XXXVII 43:20-44:23 75
Plate XXXVIII 1QIsaa Col. XXXVIII 44:23-45:21 77
Plate XXXIX 1QIsaa Col. XXXIX 45:21-47:11 79
Plate XL 1QIsaa Col. XL 47:11-49:4 81
Plate XLI 1QIsaa Col. XLI 49:4-50:1 83
Plate XLII 1QIsaa Col. XLII 50:1-51 :13 85
Plate XLIII 1QIsaa Col. XLIII 51:13-52:12 87
Plate XLIV 1QIsaa Col. XLIV 52:13-54:4 89
Plate XLV 1QIsaa Col. XLV 54:4-55:8 91
Plate XLVI 1QIsaa Col. XLVI 55:8-57:2 93
Plate XLVII 1QIsaa Col. XLVII 57:2-58:6 95
Plate XLVIII 1QIsaa Col. XLVIII 58:6-59:17 97
Plate XLIX 1QIsaa Col. XLIX 59:17-61:4 99
Plate L 1QIsaa Col. L 61:4-63:4 101
Plate LI 1QIsaa Col. LI 63:4-65:4 103
Plate LII 1QIsaa Col. LII 65:4-18 105
Plate LIII 1QIsaa Col. LIII 65:19-66:14 107
Plate LIV 1QIsaa Col. LIV 66:14-24 109
TABLE OF PLATES xi
THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY ISAIAH SCROLL: 1QIsab

PLATE LV 1QIsa b Cots. III-V 7:20-13:8 113
PLATE LVI 1Q'Isa> Cots. VI-VII 13:16-19:17 115
PLATE LVII 1QIsab Col. VIII 19:20-22:20 117
PLATE LVIII 1QIsa b Cols. IX-X 22:24-26:5 119
PLATE LIX 1QIsa b Col. XI 28:15-29:8 121
PLATE LX 1QIsab Cots. XII-XIII 30:10-32:20 123
PLATE LXI 1QIsa b Cots. XIV-XV 35:4-37:13 125
PLATE LXII 1QIsa b Col. XVI 38:12-40:4 127
PLATE LXIII 1QIsab Col. XVII 41:3-24 129
PLATE LXIV 1Q'Isa!' Col. XVIII 43:1-27 131
PLATE LXV 1QIsa b Col. XIX 44:21-45:13 133
PLATE LXVI 1QIsab Col. XX 46:3-47:14 135
PLATE LXVII 1QIsa b Col. XXI 48:17-49:15 137
PLATE LXVIII 1QIsa b Col. XXII 50:7-51 :11 139
PLATE LXIX 1QIsa b Col. XXIII 52:7-54:6 141
PLATE LXX 1QIsa b Col. XXIV 55:2-57:4 143
PLATE LXXI 1QIsa b Col. XXV 57:17-59:8 145
PLATE LXXII 1QIsa b Col. XXVI 59:20-61:2 147
PLATE LXXIII 1QIsab Col. XXVII 62:2-64:11 149
PLATE LXXIV 1QIsab Col. XXVIII 65:17-66:24 151
FOREWORD
THIS VOLUME brings to completion both the forty-volume series of Discoveries in the
j udaean Desert and the publication of the biblical scrolls. It presents editions of the
the first two biblical manuscripts discovered at Qumran in late 1946 or early 1947,
'lQ'Isa" and 1QIsab . Despite the fact that no critical editions of these influential
manuscripts were available, the DJD project had not included them. The authors
express their gratitude to Emanuel Tov for helping secure acceptance of this volume
into the DJD series.
Many scholars, technical experts, colleagues, and friends have contributed to the
multifaceted effort represented in this work, and it is a pleasure to recall and
acknowledge their efforts. Millar Burrows, John Trever, and William Brownlee for
1Q'Isa", and Eleazar Sukenik for 1QIsab , cleared the path and laid the foundation for
the Transcriptions of the texts. John Trever, Helena Bieberkraut, and Najib Albina
expertly photographed the manuscripts, providing the images from which our
remastered digital Plates were formed. Many others, described in the Introduction,
have also made valuable contributions over the decades. Weston Fields especially
deserves the gratitude of the public as well as of the authors for his work in securing
funding to make the publication process possible.
The Plates were prepared by Peter Flint with his assistants. For the preparation of
the Plates of 1QIsaa, we are indebted primarily to James E. Trever, who granted every
access to his father's photographs and supplied several high-resolution digital images,
and to Ted Erho, who devoted an immense amount of time and technical expertise to
perfecting the images. The Ancient Biblical Manuscript Center (especially Arik
Greenberg) and Gene Sasse Photography also deserve our gratitude for their initial
preparation of the photographs of LQ'Isa''.
For the preparation of the Plates of 1QIsab , we are indebted to Irene Lewitt and
Nathaniel N. Dykstra. Irene Lewitt, with a long history in the photography of the
scrolls, generously worked long hours with us in the Shrine of the Book, locating and
identifying the tiny, scattered, and nearly illegible fragments of 1QIsa b ; she could not
have been more gracious in responding to our innumerable questions and requests. She
also provided the digital images by Ardon Bar Hama in both black-and-white and
colour. Nathaniel Dykstra worked tirelessly to achieve the best digital images of this
deteriorated scroll, identifying twelve new fragments; he also electronically produced
the palaeography charts for the two manuscripts on pages 62 and 199.
Curator Adolfo Roitman and his colleagues graciously welcomed us to the Shrine of
the Book in 1998, 2005, and 2008 and made concentrated work on both manuscripts
possible.
Particular thanks go to Martin Abegg, whose expertise in the language of the scrolls
and the Qumran Database made him ideally suited for contributing the Linguistic
Profile of the Isaiah scrolls. To have a philological expert articulate a comprehensive
linguistic analysis is advantageous; such an overview will enhance the understanding of
certain textual variants and may well lead to revised interpretation.
XIV FOREWORD
For substantial use of their historical material we acknowledge and thank Weston
Fields and James VanderKam; to them as well as to Martin Abegg and Sarianna Metso
we are grateful for many helpful insights and suggestions for improvements.
Our graduate assistants over the years have earned our lasting gratitude for their
years of careful work, devoted enthusiasm, and endless proofreading. At Notre Dame:
Richard Bautch, John Bergsma, Dulcinea Boesenberg, Brandon Bruning, Josephine
Dru, Sara Ferry, Bradley Gregory, Todd Hibbard, Curt Niccum, and Andrew Teeter.
At Trinity Western University: Kyung Baek, Jeremy Brown, Andrew Chae,
Christopher Davis, Nathaniel Dykstra, Ted Erho, Sonya Kostamo, Sonya Mortenson,
and John Screnock.
It is a pleasure to acknowledge with special appreciation for their long-term financial
support the National Endowment for the Humanities, an independent federal agency in
the United States; the Canada Research Chairs Programme, created by the
Government of Canada to achieve research excellence in the humanities and other
fields; the University of Notre Dame's Department of Theology, Office of Research,
and Institute for Scholarship in the Liberal Arts; Trinity Western University's
Department of Religious Studies and Office of Research; and the Dead Sea Scrolls
Foundation. The authors are also grateful for generous support from Martin Scheyen,
the Trever Family Dead Sea Scrolls Project Fund, the Social Sciences and Humanities
Research Council, and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.
Acknowledgement for technical help is offered to Philip Payne of Linguist's Software,
whose generous gift of the Hebrew, Palaeo-Hebrew, Greek, Syriac, and diacritical
fonts enhance the appearance of this volume, formatted for camera-ready publication
by Eugene Ulrich.
The editorial and technical staff at Oxford University Press-Carol Bestley, Tom
Perridge, Lizzie Robottom, and Jenny Wagstaffe-once again provided the high level
of expertise and the friendly co-operation essential for producing a volume as complex
as this.
The authors wish to offer a personal expression of their grateful appreciation to:
Sarianna Metso, Meg and Laura Colleton, Ivan and Amy Hall, Sabnna Odessa, and
Evelyn and Jim Whitehead; and to the Flint Family: Amanda, Claire, Amy, Abigail,
Jason, 'Taryn, and Ethan.
EUGENE ULRICH PETER W. FLINT

University of Notre Dame Trinity Western University
ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGLA
THE ABBREVIATIONS and sigla used in this volume are similar in general to those used in Biblia Hebraica
Stuttgartensia and in the Gottingen and Brooke-McLean editions of the Septuagint, with adaptations considered
useful or necessary. Abbreviations of journals and other sources and reference works are in accord with The SBL
Handbook of Style, ed. P. H. Alexander et al. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 1999.
certain letter, probable letter, possible letter, respectively (for discussion see the
INTRODUCTION)
o a letter which has ink traces remaining but cannot be confidently identified
missing letters; space between fragments or where the surface of the manuscript is
missing
in the text indicates letters or words erased; in a reconstruction indicates letters or
words which the editor thinks should not be included
vacat interval for paragraph-division, indicating that the writing space was intentionally
left blank
deest the text is not extant at this point
o setuma, a closed section in m or BHS; used to denote a new section of text beginning
on the same line as the end of the previous section
petuha, an open section in m or BHS; used to denote a new section of text beginning
on the line below the end of the previous section
1111/ erasure or damage on the manuscript
+ additional word(s)
> word(s) lacking
\ division between lines in a manuscript

is not, does not equal
• original or reconstructed form
corr corrected reading
2m, 3m second, third hand
loss of text through homoiarcton or homoioteleuton
1°, 2° first, second occurrence of a form
L. 2sup , 1 infra (word or letters written) supralinearly above line 2, or below line J
II 4-5 the second column of the manuscript, lines 4-5
frg. 10 ii 4-5 fragment 10, column 2 (where frg. 10 preserves two columns), lines 4-5
fin
2:23 ini t, 2:23 at the beginning, or end, of v 23
10:2a, 10:2b first part, second part of verse 2 in chapter 10
2:23[24] the number in brackets is usually the Greek verse number
XVI ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGLA
m the Masoretic Text (as in Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia)

The Aleppo Codex
Codex Leningradensis
the edition of the Masoretic Text (as in BHS)
Masoretic manuscript(s)
qere for the Masoretic Text, as opposed to the consonantal text of m- (= ketib)
fragments from the Cairo Geniza (cited from BHS)
the Old Greek (as in the text of the Gottingen editions, where possible)
the (reconstructed) original reading of the Old Greek
the reading in the Gottingen edition in contrast to an alternate reading considered to
be the original Old Greek reading
a reading in the critical apparatus
11)A , l1)0mn Codex Alexandrinus, all Greek manuscripts
I1)Bmg a marginal reading in Codex Vaticanus
I1)A+ Codex Alexandrinus and other manuscripts
I1)B 93 Codex Vaticanus and manuscript 93
11)0 the hexaplaric recension of Origen
I1)L the Lucianic text
I1)C the catena group
5 the Peshitta, ed. the Peshitta Institute, Leiden
a:: the Targum, ed. A. Sperber
o the Vulgate, ed. Monachi Sancti Benedicti
a' o' 8' 0' IT' attestations to Aquila, Symrnachus, Theodotion, the Seventy, all (1TClvTEC;)
Ef3p' the Hebrew text of Origen (in Greek transliteration)
BHS Biblia Hebraice Stuttgartensis
La witness to the Old Latin version
Syh the Syrohexapla
NOTE(S) the note(s) to the transcriptions in the individual editions

VAR. the variant(s) listed in the editions
Orth. the section on orthography in the introduction to the individual editions
orth? a form that may show (only) an orthographic difference
var? a form that may be a variant
E, e end of line left blank: major, minor interval

[E), [I], [W] reconstructed interval based on evidence
I, i indentation of line: major, minor interval
L line left fully blank: major interval
P,X paragraphos, scribal mark in margin
v, v interval of unknown length: major, minor
W,w interval within the line: major, minor
ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGLA XVlI
add addition
aliter differently: the text has a quite different reading
ante before
ap the critical apparatus of an edition
dbl doublet
diff div different division of text
ditt dittography
err error
euph euphemism
gls gloss
hab the witness has the reading
hapl haplography
homoi homoiarkton or homoioteleuton
insrt insertion
litt littera(e), letter(s)
mend mendaciter, falsely
metath metathesis, inversion of letters
missp misspelling
n note, usually in BHS apparatus
om totum comma the entire verse is omitted
passim occasionally throughout
pr praemittit, -unt, placed before
ras erasure
rell reliqui, the rest of the manuscripts
sec secundum, according to
sfx suffix
tr transponei ndum ) -it, -unt, the letters or words are (to be) transposed
tt translation technique
v(v) verse(s)
vid ut videtur, as it appears from the evidence available
vs. versus
Mus. Inv. 265 Museum Inventory number

PAM 43.752 Palestine Archaeological Museum photograph number
IAA 225.837 Israel Antiquities Authority photograph number
SHR 4282 Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, photograph number
BH Ardon Bar Hama digital image
BH Biblical Hebrew
LBH Late Biblical Hebrew
XVIII ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGLA
Burl Millar Burrows' 1950 transcription of 1QIsaa in The Dead Sea Scrolls of St. Mark's
Monastery, vol. 1 New Haven: ASOR, 1950.
Bur2 Millar Burrows' 1950 slightly revised second printing.
Cross Frank Moore Cross. 'Palaeography', in The Dead Sea Scrolls after Fifty Years:
A Comprehensive Assessment, vol. 1, ed. P. W. Flint and ]. C. VanderKam.
Leiden: Brill, 1998. Pp, 379-402 and pls. 9-14. See also 'The Development of the
Jewish Scripts', The Bible and the Ancient Near East. Garden City, NY:
Doubleday, 1961.
DSSHU/Suk E. L. Sukenik, The Dead Sea Scrolls of the Hebrew University (ed. N. Avigad and
Y. Yadin; Jerusalem: Hebrew University and Magnes Press, 1955).
HHL E. Y. Kutscher, A History of the Hebrew Language. Jerusalem: Magnes; Leiden: Brill,
1982).
LLBIS E. Y. Kutscher, The Language and Linguistic Background of the Isaiah Scroll (lQIsaa)
(STDJ 6; Leiden: Brill, 1974); rev. ed. with Indices and Corrections by E.
Qimron (STDJ 6A; Leiden: Brill, 1979).
P-Q Facsimile edition by Donald W. Parry and Elisha Qimron, The Great Isaiah Scroll
(lQIsaa): A New Edition (STDJ 32; Leiden: Brill, 1999).
Qimron/HDSS Elisha Qimron. The Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls. HSS 29. Atlanta: Scholars Press,
1986.
Ziegler Joseph Ziegler, Isaias (Septuaginta: Vetus Testamentum Graecum 14; 3d ed.;
Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1983).
INTRODUCTION
This tno Edition of 1Qlsaa and 1 Qlsab

THIS VOLUME, in two Parts, presents a critical edition of the two Isaiah scrolls from
Qumran Cave 1 in the format of the other editions in the Discoveries in the J udaean
Desert series. That is, it offers the clearest photographs available of the first two biblical
manuscripts discovered among the Dead Sea Scrolls in 1947, a fresh transcription of
their texts, introductions describing salient features, notes on palaeographically difficult
readings and problems in the manuscripts, and a comprehensive list of the textual
variants compared with other known Hebrew texts.
As Martin Abegg notes below in the Linguistic Profile below, the single scroll 1Q Isa-
accounts for more than 24%, and 1QIsab nearly 5%, of the biblical corpus. Thus, this
volume contains nearly 30% of the biblical materials from the judaean Desert.
DJD XXXII is an edition, not a commentary. A glance at the Select Bibliography
makes it clear that dialogue with all the secondary literature would cripple any critical
edition. The present Editors have gratefully profited from and incorporated insights
from many of the scholars listed in the Bibliography, while being regretfully certain that
much more scholarship gleaned from that library could have enriched this volume. But
DJD XXXII does not claim-to be more than a critical edition. Sukenik admirably
completed his edition.! The preface to the volume, however, describes his plans for an
ambitious project envisioning full analysis and publication of the three Hebrew
University scrolls. But the project kept expanding, 'he found he had constantly to recast
and expand his design', and unfortunately he did not live to see the final result; so his
posthumous editors realized that they had to produce 'a less ambitious book'i? If a less
ambitious book were necessary in 1953, how unattainably ambitious would a
comprehensive edition with commentary be today, after the discovery of nineteen
additional Isaiah scrolls, the remainder of the Qumran texts, and more than half a
century of developing scholarship.
Although facsimile editions and preliminary transcriptions of the two Isaiah scrolls
have been available for more than fifty years, no critical edition of these two first-
discovered biblical manuscripts has been published prior to this. This is somewhat
surprising since these two manuscripts initiated the two principal learnings-even if it
took scholars decades to understand them fully-concerning the biblical text in antiquity.
1Q'Isa" demonstrated that the biblical text was pluriform and still developing prior to
the Jewish Revolts; l Qf sa]' showed that the books which eventually became the
Masoretic collection had been quite accurately copied, each from one of the available
ancient forms of its book.
1E. L. Sukenik, n'i::J.Ili1 i1t:l'Oi::J'J'~i1 ','::Jq] mmJ.' m"JOi1 i~'~ (Jerusalem: Bialik Foundation and the Hebrew
University, 1954); idem, The Dead Sea Scrolls of the Hebrew University, ed. N. Avigad and Y. Yadin (Jerusalem:
Hebrew University and Magnes Press, 1955).
2D ead Sea Scrolls of the Hebrew University, 7.
2 DISCOVERIES IN THE ]UDAEAN DESERT XXXII
DJD XXXII has the advantage of certain technological advances beyond most other
volumes in the series and contains several new features. The plates have been digitally
produced, those of 1QIsaa (and two of 1QIsab) in colour. The volume is also divided
into two parts to enhance the reader's convenience in studying the texts. This
arrangement allows the plates and their transcriptions to be presented on facing pages
(in Part 1), and enables the reader to see synoptically the plate, its transcription, and (in
Part 2) the notes which clarify the readings or the textual variants which the
manuscript displays.
The Discovery of Cave 1 and the Seven Scrolls'

Cave 1 was discovered by a group of Ta'amireh Bedouin near a spring on the
northwestern shore of the Dead Sea called Ain Feshka, a frequent stopover point for
watering flocks. Three members of the group-Khalil Musa, his younger cousin Jum'a
Muhammed Khalil.f and Muhammed Ahmed el-Hamed (also known as Muhammed
edh-Dhib or 'the Wolf', an even younger cousin-j-e-were tending their herds near the
site of Khirbet Qumran in the vicinity of Ain Feshka in the winter of late 1946 or early
1947.
One day in November-or as late as February 1947, according to the Ta'amireh-
jum'a threw a rock into an opening in the cliffs and heard the sound of shattering
pottery. He summoned his two cousins, but, it already being dusk, they decided to come
back two days later. Muhammed edh-Dhib, however, returned before the appointed
time alone (or, according to some accounts, with an unidentified companion), and
entered the larger of the two openings to the cave. In later interviews with the American
scholar John Trever, the Ta'amireh described the interior of a cave whose walls were
lined with several tall jars. Some of these had lids with small handles, by which they
were tied to the jars. A pile of rocks had fallen from the ceiling, and much broken
pottery was strewn about the floor. When Muhammed peered into the jars, he found all
but two to be empty. One was filled with reddish earth, and the other had a cover and
contained a large leather scroll, the Great Isaiah Scroll (1 QIsaa). It also contained two
greenish bundles, oblong in shape, wrapped in linen, and coated with a black layer of
what appeared to be pitch or wax. These were later identified as the Habakkuk
3This history is based on the following main sources: W. W. Fields, The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Short History
(Leiden: Brill, 2006);]. C. 'Trever, The Untold Story of the Dead Sea Scrolls (Westwood, N.].: Revell, 1965); idem,
The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Personal Account (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977 [Revised Edition: Piscataway, N.].:
Gorgias, 2005]); ]. C. VanderKam and P. W. Flint, The Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls (San Francisco: Harper
Collins, 2002); and Y. Yadin, The Message of the Scrolls (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson; New York Simon &
Schuster, 1957; Revised Edition, New York: Crossroad, 1992). The Editors are especially grateful to Dr Fields for his
valuable refinements to this section and for supplying pre-publication material from his new book, The Dead Sea
Scrolls: A Full History (Leiden: Brill, 2009). His carefully researched account is now the definitive study on the
discovery and subsequent history of the Qumran Scrolls.
4]um'a was reported still alive in Bethlehem as late as 1994 (Fields, A Full History, 7).
5Many scholars describe Muhammed edh-Dhib as a young shepherd boy of about fifteen years old (d.
VanderKam and Flint, Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls, 4). In a letter to the Editors, however, Dr Fields considers
this unlikely, since photographs from that period show him to be in his twenties at least.
THE DISCOVERY OF THE SCROLLS 3
Commentary or Habakkuk Pesher (1QpHab) and the Manual of Discipline, later called
the Community Rule (1 QS).
Edh-Dhib removed all three manuscripts from the jar and brought them to his
companions, who were displeased with him for returning to the cave without their
consent. Jum'a deposited the scrolls at a Ta'amireh site southeast of Bethlehem, where
they remained in a bag suspended on a tent pole for several weeks. In this situation and
as the scrolls were shown to other Bedouin, it is not surprising that at least some were
damaged; most notably in the context of 1Q Isa", the cover sheet broke off.
In May and June of 1947, George Isha'ya Shamoun, a key figure in the sale of the
first four scrolls (see below), was brought to the cave once by Khalil Musa and jum'a,
and a second time by Khalil alone. On this second visit, four more scrolls were removed,
including the Genesis Apocryphon (1QapGen).
The four scrolls mentioned so far (LQ'Isa", 1QpHab, 1QS, and 1QapGen) may be
grouped together as the 'St Mark's Monastery Scrolls', named for the first institution to
purchase them. The passage of this group in time and space is intricate and complex,
and forms a distinctive chapter in the early history of the Scrolls.
The other three scrolls taken by the Bedouin from Cave 1 constitute a second group,
the 'Hebrew University Scrolls', also named for the institution of purchase: a second
copy of Isaiah (1QIsab ) , the Thanksgiving Hymns (1QHa), and the War Scroll (1QM).
This group has a distinctive, if less dramatic, history of its own.
The Great Isaiah Scroll (1 QIsaa ) :

The St Mark's Monastery Isaiah Scroll
Initial Purchase and Identification

In Bethlehem in February or March 1947, Khalil and juma showed their three
scrolls (LQ'Isa", 1QpHab, and 1QS) to Ibrahim 'Ijha, a carpenter and antiquities dealer.
He in turn took them to Faidi Salahi, another antiquities dealer, who suspected they had
been stolen from a synagogue. After several weeks (around 5 April 1947) Ibrahim
returned the manuscripts to jum'a, declaring them to be of no archaeological value. But
then j uma had a chance meeting with George Isha'ya Shamoun, mentioned above,
who was a member of the Syrian Orthodox Church and a wealthy businessman in
Bethlehem. Eventually, the three scrolls were brought to Khalil Eskander Shahin, better
known as Kando, another antiquities dealer who had a shop near Nativity Square in
Bethlehem. Kando agreed to pay five Jordanian pounds (roughly equivalent to fourteen
British pounds or twenty U.S. dollars at the time) to the Bedouin.
The final scroll in this group, the Genesis Apocryphon (1 QapGen}-retrieved from
the cave by Isha'ya and Khalil Musa-was added to Kando's purchase soon
afterwards. All four were kept by Isha'ya for Kando, who proceeded to seek a major
buyer.
The Metropolitan Samuel and St Mark's Monastery

Deeming the language of the manuscripts to be Syriac, Isha'ya contacted St Mark's
Syrian Orthodox Monastery in the Old City during Holy Week (13-17 April) 1947.
4 DISCOVERIES IN THE JUDAEAN DESERT XXXII
Metropolitan Athanasius Yeshue Samuel (1907-1995) was shown part of the Manual of
Discipline, and decided to buy all four scrolls. On 5 July, Kando sent his representative
Isha'ya and the two older cousins to deliver them to St Mark's, but they were turned
away by a monk who was unaware of the agreement with Samuel. The scrolls were
transferred to Samuel's possession two weeks later, on 19 July 1947, thus acquiring the
collective title the 'St Mark's Monastery Scrolls'. The Metropolitan paid 24 Jordanian
pounds (about £68 or $96) to Kando, who in turn paid the Bedouin 16 Jordanian
pounds (£45 or $64). At Samuel's request, Isha'ya took Father Yusif to the cave in late
July or early August 1947, in order to verify the Bedouin's story. The cleric's report on
the cave included the presence of one intact jar, several pieces of cloth wrapping, and
scroll fragments on the floor.
Later in July, the Metropolitan showed his scrolls to Father J. P. M. van der Ploeg,
a visiting Old Testament scholar from the University of Nijmegen doing research at the
Ecole Biblique in Jerusalem. Van der Ploeg was the first person to identify the text of
the large scroll as the Book of Isaiah, but he considered the manuscript mediaeval and
requested to see the jar in which they were found (which Samuel did not have). Another
attempt to obtain a scholarly evaluation was made in July or September (the accounts
conflict), when Stephan H. Stephan, an acquaintance of Samuel from the Jordanian
Department of Antiquities, arranged for the scrolls to be shown to Toviah Wechsler, a
Jewish scholar from the New City. Wechsler also recognized the largest scroll as
containing the book of Isaiah, but with a text slightly different from the Masoretic Text.
He also suspected that the manuscripts had been stolen from a Palestinian synagogue
during the Arab anti-Jewish riots of 1929.
Eleazar Sukenik and the Hebrew University

In August 1947, Metropolitan Samuel was contacted by a Jewish doctor, Maurice
Brown, who wished to rent a building owned by the monastery. Hearing about the four
scrolls, Brown contacted the president of the Hebrew University, Dr Judah L. Magnes,
who dispatched two University librarians to assess the St Mark's scrolls. Samuel himself
left no record of this visit, but in his journal Eleazar Lipa Sukenik (1889-1953),
Professor of Archaeology at the Hebrew University, records a conversation with one of
the librarians who had examined the scrolls. The latter had suggested they were
Samaritan, and thus recommended that a Samaritan scholar be found to assess them.?
Sukenik (who was away on sabbatical leave) reports that the University then tried to
contact Samuel to arrange a meeting with a Samaritan scholar. They were unsuccessful,
however, since the Metropolitan and Anton Kiraz (a member of Syrian Orthodox
church and wealthy businessman) were abroad in Lebanon and Syria at the time (5-26
September). While in Syria, they showed the scrolls to the Syrian Patriarch in Horns,
only to be told that they were no more than three centuries old.
Continuing his quest to authenticate the St Mark's scrolls and assess their true
worth, Samuel enlisted Kiraz's assistance to find a suitably qualified scholar. At the end
of January 1948, Kiraz wrote to Sukenik, who had earlier excavated some ancient tombs
on his property. On 4 February, the two met in Zone B of West Jerusalem at the
YMCA in the office of the librarian, Malak Tannourdji. Kiraz showed Sukenik 1QIsa3 ,
6Yadin, Message of the Scrolls (rev. ed.), 25.

1QpHab, and 1QS (in two pieces). The Jewish scholar at once noted similarities in
script of these scrolls to the group he had purchased two months earlier (the three
Hebrew University scrolls, i.e. 1QIsab , 1QHa, and 1QM; see below on 1QIsab ) from a
different antiquities dealer in Bethlehem. He copied several columns of 1 Qf sa",
expressed his interest to purchase the scrolls for the University, and requested to
borrow and show them to Dr Magnes. Kiraz granted this request, and they agreed to
meet again to negotiate a price.
Sukenik then approached the Bialik Foundation of the Jewish Agency, which
eventually enabled him to secure funding for purchasing the scrolls. At their second
meeting on 6 February, again at the YMCA, Sukenik continued negotiations with Kiraz,
but was unable to make a firm offer since funding from Bialik Foundation had not yet
been approved, and so reluctantly returned the three borrowed scrolls. They agreed to
meet again at the Yugoslav Consulate, where both the Metropolitan and Dr Magnes
would be present. However, a third preliminary meeting place on 10 February, once
more at the YMCA, when Sukenik made a firm offer of one thousand Jordanian
pounds (£2,800 or $4,000) for the four St Mark's scrolls. But Tannourdji advised
Kiraz to seek an independent appraisal, and so the meeting ended, with promises on
both sides to meet soon at the Yugoslav Consulate."
With this highest offer yet, Kiraz and the Metropolitan decided to seek the opinion of
other experts on the scrolls' true worth before selling them; thus the scheduled meeting
to finalize the sale to the Hebrew University never took place. Sukenik received a letter
from Kiraz in late February 1948, stating that sale of the four scrolls was postponed due
to political tensions at the time. He notes in his journal that this letter also promised the
Hebrew University first option to purchase them when circumstances improved. Sukenik
tried to reach Tannourdji, his contact at the YMCA, for two months, but to no avail.
On 1 March, Kiraz offered Sukenik the set of prints of 1Q Isa", 1QpHab, and 1QS that
had been made for Samuel by the American School of Oriental Research (ASOR), as a
substitute for the manuscripts themselves. This offer never materialized, however,
because the Metropolitan refused to surrender the prints, thus ending all dealings
between Kiraz and Sukenik.
One reason for the ending of negotiations is that the St Mark's scrolls had also been
shown to John Trever and William Brownlee of ASOR in February 1948, around the
time of Kiraz's negotiations with Sukenik, although Trever records first knowing of
these negotiations only on 19 March. The American scholars were not supportive of
selling the manuscripts to the Hebrew University and reminded the Metropolitan of the
great investment already made by ASOR in photographing 1QIsa3 , 1QpHab, and 1QS,
and preparing them for publication.f
The American School of Oriental Research, First Photographs, and Authentification

On 18 February 1948, Father Butrus Sowmy of St Mark's Monastery telephoned
ASOR, the oldest American research centre for ancient Near Eastern studies in the
Middle East. He asked to speak with William Brownlee, a visiting Fellow who had been
recommended to him as a fine scholar. Brownlee was not available, and the Director,
7For this intricate sequence of events, see Fields, A Full History, 58-61.
8S ee Photographs of the Isaiah Scrolls below.
Millar Burrows, was away at the time. Thus Interim Director John Trever, another
visiting Fellow, accepted the call. He was well-equipped to work with the Isaiah scrolls,
since his Ph.D. dissertation was on 'The Contributions of Second Isaiah to the Semantic
Development of Hebrew Words' (Yale University, 1943). While Trever's role is more
familiar to scholars and the public, the contributions of Brownlee, who worked alongside
him and published several articles and a book on the Isaiah Scrolls.? should also be
noted.
Trever and Sowmy made an appointment for the following day to look at what the
Syrian priest described as some old manuscripts from the monastery library that were
being catalogued. These, in fact, were the four St Mark's scrolls, which Sowmy and his
brother Ibrahim then brought to Trever at the American School in Jerusalem. In The
Untold Story of Qumran, Trever describes the first time he saw the Great Isaiah Scroll,
wrapped in newspaper:
... they lifted from the satchel a large scroll, about 10 1/2" long and 6" in diameter, and handed it
to me. Removing the Arabic newspaper, I saw that this scroll was made of thinner, softer leather
and was much more pliable. It was about the same color as the first one, but with a darkened
center, evidence of much handling. It unrolled easily.
Laying the heavy document on my bed, slowly I began to open it. A sheet of leather, containing
two columns of text, had become detached from the rest of the document. The linen thread used to
bind the sheets together had disintegrated. On the left edge the text was badly blurred by someone
who had attempted to re-ink many letters which had been worn away by handling. Obviously this
was the end of the scroll. It had been rolled backwards, with the last column on the outside. I
continued to unroll another six to eight columns.
- Trever, The Untold Story, 22
Trever compared the text of 1Qfsa" against photographs of a few other Hebrew
manuscripts. He noted marked differences in appearance of the characters against the
mediaeval British Museum Torah Codex, but similarities with the much older Nash
Papyrus: the 'enlarged final mem', the 'elongated kaph', and 'greater irregularity of the
bottoms of the lines'. Recalling that W. F. Albright had dated the Nash Papyrus to the
second or first century BCE,10 Trever now suspected that the scrolls being shown him
were from the same period. He copied a few well-preserved lines from column LI and
later identified them, not without irony, as Isa 65: 1: 'I let myself be sought out by those
who did not ask me, be found by those who did not seek me'.
During this first meeting, Trever later recalled, Sowmy and Ibrahim invented a
description (see below) of the scrolls as coming from a cave near 'Ain Feshka by the
Dead Sea that had been discovered by Bedouin roughly forty years earlier and
purchased back then by a previous Metropolitan. They suspected the manuscripts to be
dated before 200 CE, in part because they had been found in a kind of mummified cloth.
Trever believed that it was Ibrahim who convinced his brother Butrus Sowmy and the
Metropolitan Samuel that the scrolls were indeed ancient. Ibrahim was a customs official
for the Mandate government, and stationed at the Allenby Bridge which separated
Trans-Jordan and Palestine. With a strong interest in the history of Jericho and the
9For Brownlee's articles, see the Bibliography. His book is The Meaning of the Qumran Scrolls for the Bible: With
Special Attention to the Book of Isaiah (New York: Oxford University Press, 1964).
lOw. F. Albright, 'A Biblical Fragment From the Maccabean Age: The Nash Papyrus', JBL 56 (1937) 145-76.
Dead Sea area, this layman not only perceived the scrolls to be ancient, but quite
remarkably proposed that they had been hidden by the Essenes before the Roman
destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CEo
On 20 February, after obtaining the requisite pass from the Arab authorities, Trever
went to St Mark's monastery, where he met Samuel and enquired after the origin of the
scrolls. With Father Sowmy acting as interpreter, the Metropolitan shared with Trever
that some Bedouin had initially tried to sell the manuscripts in Bethlehem, and that the
monastery came by them while under the leadership of his predecessor, Phalaxinos
Yacob. Trever persuaded Samuel that it was necessary to photograph the scrolls so they
could be authenticated, upon which the cleric unrolled 1QIsa3 for Trever to examine a
second time. The American scholar now noticed the insertions made by a second scribal
hand near the middle of the manuscript (in cols. XXXII and XXXIII). Unrolling the
entire scroll for the first time, Trever also noted that the inner sections were in the worst
condition, with numerous cracks and tears, and that the innermost part (the last
column) contained a corner that had been reinforced with another piece of leather.
There was also evidence of a cover sheet missing from 1QIsa3 , which the Metropolitan
mentioned as being attached when he first purchased the scroll (see Plate E). Trever
copied more lines from beginning, which he later verified with William Brownlee as from
Isa 1:1. That evening, Trever and Brownlee became further convinced of the antiquity
of the scroll when they compared the copied text with the Hebrew scripts presented in
Albright's 1937 article on the Nash Papyrus.
On Saturday 21 February 1948, despite a shortage of camera film and power
outages, Trever, Brownlee, Sowmy, and Samuel gathered in the basement of ASOR to
photograph three of the four St Mark's scrolls (LQ'Isa", 1QpHab, and 1QS; the
Genesis Apocryphon was too damaged to be unrolled). Electric power had been restored
that very morning, and Trever had previously brought to ASOR supplies for
photographing and developing pictures; still, due to his limited supply of film sheets, it
was necessary to photograph two columns of 1QIsa3 per sheet. After taking test shots of
col. LI, Trever took one more of col. L, which was later sent to Albright for further
assessment. As the day progressed, he was given permission by Samuel to repair and
reinforce the first eight columns of the scroll, an intense enterprise that he later
described:
',' , Scotch tape was all we had to use, but I carefully applied it to the back of the breaks to avoid
any possible damage to the script. Setting the various pieces in their proper places was like working a
huge jigsaw puzzle. The Syrians stood close by, keenly watching every move. The Metropolitan
leaned so close to my shoulder as I bent over the scroll that his beard tickled by neck. I dared not
complain! With each successful placement, he uttered an ejaculation of delight.
Trever reattached every text-bearing fragment, with the exception of one very small
piece containing five letters, which was later in April reattached to column VI. He also
noted six areas where small fragments of the scroll were missing and were not among
the material brought by Samuel. Trever mentions additional pieces of 1QIsa3 that were
present on this occasion: 'several small fragments of leather from the outer margins of
the Isaiah Scroll, bits of ancient repair material and linen thread, remained in the
satchel, and a few had fallen to the table during the repair work'. The Metropolitan also
8 DISCOVERIES IN THE JUDAEAN DESERT XXXll
gave Trever fragments that he deemed part of the original cover sheet that was attached
when he first saw the scroll.
By day's end, the entire Great Isaiah Scroll, as well as the smaller Habakkuk Pesher,
had been photographed in black and white. Shortly before Sowmy and Samuel were to
leave, Trever rearranged his equipment in order to take a few colour shots of 'l Q'Isa".
The photograph of cols. XXXII-XXXIII, with the rolled manuscript visible on both
sides, is the first colour picture of the Dead Sea Scrolls ever taken, and remains the most
frequently published of all scroll images. Another colour picture taken that day was of
cols. I-IV, which appears as Plate A in Part 1. Trever also convinced the Metropolitan
to allow him to keep in the ASOR vault the remaining two scrolls he had not yet
photographed, so that these could also be repaired and photographed. Two days later,
he finished developing the black-and-white prints and the few colour exposures of
1Qlsa" and returned the borrowed scrolls the following day.
News of the St Mark's scrolls reached the outside world via a letter from Trever to
W. F. Albright on 26 February 1948:
Enclosed are some sample prints from a manuscript which I have discovered here in Jerusalem in
Dr. Burrows' absence .... If you are right about your dating of the Nash Papyrus, then I believe
that this is the oldest Biblical document yet discovered! ...
My first thought when seeing these scrolls was to get them photographed and a copy to you for
study. I firmly believe the script cannot be later than the 2nd Cent. A.D. (Dura Fragment), and it
has some indications to show it may be earlier than the Nash Papyrus. I am so busy with the
photographing of them that I can't take time now to make the careful study that they demand for
more accurate dating. I am personally convinced that their age is great.
. . . I know you will understand my concern about the safety of the MSS, so will keep this
absolutely confidential. Should there be an announcement now, there is great danger that they
might be destroyed.
The Director of ASOR, Millar Burrows, returned on 27 February. After Trever

showed him several photographs and explained the past week's developments, Burrows
confirmed that ASOR would fund the publication of the St Mark's scrolls. By that
evening Trever and Brownlee finished developing the 250 prints they had taken, with
the seventy-eight columns of 1QIsaa, 1QpHab, and 1QS now captured on film. Soon
afterwards, Trever secured permission to rephotograph 1QIsaa and 1QpHab in order
to improve picture quality for publication. On 1 March, Trever and Burrows presented
Metropolitan Samuel with a preliminary report and a miniature replica (at one third the
original size) of l Q'Isa" that had been pieced together by Trever from the photographs.
True Location of the Scrolls Reoealed

On 5 March 1948, Trever made a visit to St Mark's Monastery, during which the
Metropolitan and Father Sowmy disclosed the true origin of their scrolls (see above):
they had been purchased from Bedouin in Bethlehem the previous August, shortly after
which Father Yusif had visited the cave of origin accompanied by the Bedouin. Sowmy
related Yusif's observations:
There he had seen one of the jars in which the scrolls had been found, and many fragments of
broken ones. Also, there was a pile of fragments and cloth wrappings which the Bedouins had
tossed aside as worthless. Two of the jars had been taken to Bethlehem by the Bedouins and were
being used as water jars....
Yusif and Isha'ya had spent the night outside the cave during that visit and tried to
bring a complete jar back to Bethlehem, but were unable to do so because of the heat. In
a later interview with Yusif (August 1948), Trever notes the cleric's description of the
contents of the cave a year earlier:
He [Father Yusif] described the small entrance to the cave, which he interpreted as resulting from
the collapse of the front of the cave during an earthquake. Consequently, he claimed, the scrolls,
wrapped in many layers of cloth, were originally found protruding from the debris. He saw the
piles of cloth, one complete jar amid much broken pottery, and some fragments of leather scattered
on the floor of the cave.
With the correct details of the discovery site now established, plans for an official
excavation of Cave 1 commenced. Trever and Brownlee ostensibly applied for an
excavation permit from the Jordanian Department of Antiquities (under the Mandate
Government) by 12 March 1948, but growing danger and military activity in the
vicinity of the cave made them cancel their plans on 23 March. The two still had
dealings with Samuel, but the Syrian churchmen of St Mark's, as possessors of the
scrolls, had little appetite for involvement with government authorities.
Trever notes that until March the Metropolitan believed that the Department of
Antiquities was totally unaware OF the scrolls' existence. Earlier, however, in his search
for camera film, Trever had shown some photographs of the manuscripts and explained
his understanding of their origin to the Department's Director, R. W. Hamilton, in the
hopes of purchasing film stocked by the Palestine Archaeological Museum (which was
under the Department's authority). To avoid jeopardizing his collaboration, and
friendship, with Samuel, Trever delayed telling him of his disclosure to Hamilton until
19 March. Burrows and Samuel later record an early, informal, attempt by the
Metropolitan to inform the Department of Antiquities about the scrolls. Samuel had
approached an employee of the Department, Stephan H. Stephan, who was also a
member of his Syrian Orthodox church. Stephan, however, suspected that the
manuscripts were not authentic, and so refused to bring them to the attention of his
superiors or to file a report on them. Two years later, Hamilton wrote to Burrows,
verifying Samuel's claim that Stephan had never mentioned the existence of the scrolls
to him.
With excavations now on hold, Trever set about rephotographing 1QIsa3 in colour,
and employed a local photography shop near the Jaffa Gate to develop the film and
make prints. This enterprise continued until 13 March 1948, by which time he
completed the set of colour negatives which record 1QIsa3 in its finest state of preserva-
tion; these are the source of Plates I-LIV in Part 1 (except Plate LXIX; see
Photographs of the Scrolls, below). The strongest authentication of the scrolls' antiquity
came in another letter from Albright, which arrived at ASOR on 15 March. Dating the
manuscripts to c.l00 BeE, Albright congratulated Trever on 'the greatest manuscript
discovery of modern times!'
10 DISCOVERIES IN THE JDDAEAN DESERT XXXII
Dear Trever,
Your air-letter of Feb. 25 th , with its enclosures, arrived this morning and I immediately got
out my magnifying glass and started in. I am now having the prints enlarged so I can study the
script to better advantage. My heartiest congratulations on the greatest MS discovery of modern
times! There is no doubt whatever in my mind that the script is more archaic than that of the Nash
Papyrus, standing very close to that of the third-century Egyptian papyri and ostraca in Aramaic.
Of course, in the present state of our definite knowledge about Hebrew paleography it would be safe
only to date it in the Maccabaean period i.e., not later than the ascension of Herod the Great. I
should prefer a date around 100 B.C. The script is in every respect older than that of the Dura
parchment fragment.
In my excitement I began writing on the wrong side of the sheet! I repeat that in my opinion
you have made the greatest MS discovery of modern times---certainly the greatest biblical MS find.
The spelling is most interesting, resembling that of the Nash Papyrus very closely. The tendency to
hyper-correction in writing ";:1' as '~';:I' is most extraordinary. Burrows will now have a chance to
forget the events in Palestine for a while. Let us hope that nothing happens to your precious finds!
I don't anticipate any very significant textual corrections of the text of Isaiah, but the new
material will revolutionize our conception of the development of Hebrew orthography. And who
knows what treasures may be concealed in the remaining rolls!
It is a very fine thing that you have been able to get such an important result as this discovery
from your difficult year in Jerusalem. You can imagine how my eyes bulged when I saw the script
through my magnifying glass! What an absolutely incredible find! And there can happily not be the
slightest doubt in the world about the genuineness of the MS.
Cordially,
W. F. Albright
On 18 March, Burrows and Samuel prepared a news release through ASOR, which
described the discovery of the four scrolls. The Metropolitan then sent Sowmy with the
precious manuscripts to Beirut, to deposit them in a bank vault for safekeeping. The
first international press report announcing the discovery appeared in The Times of
London on 12 April 1948:
Yale University announced yesterday the discovery in Palestine of the earliest known manuscript
of the Book of Isaiah. It was found in the Syrian monastery of St. Mark in Jerusalem, where it
had been preserved in a scroll of parchment dating to about the first century BC. Recently it was
identified by scholars of the American School of Oriental Research at Jerusalem.
There were also examined at the school three other ancient Hebrew scrolls. One was part of a
commentary on the Book of Habakkuk; another seemed to be a manual of discipline of some
comparatively little-known sect or monastic order, possibly the Essenes. The third scroll has not
yet been identified.
Sukenik's Disappointment
Professor Sukenik corrected this release by pointing out that the Metropolitan's scrolls
were actually from a cave near Qumran in the vicinity of the Dead Sea. On 26 April, he
held a press conference announcing the existence of three more scrolls that had recently
been acquired by the Hebrew University, and revealed that both groups-the St Mark's
Monastery Scrolls and the Hebrew University Scrolls-were from the same cave.
With the authenticity and high value of his four scrolls now confirmed, Samuel's
asking price rose to one million dollars, and Sukenik's hope of acquiring them faded. In
his diary, Sukenik records his disappointment on being unable to come to an agreement
with Kiraz:
Eventually I received a letter informing me that they had decided not to sell. They preferred to wait
until the world was again open to them, and they could find out the market price. I later discovered
what had happened. Some weeks after I returned the scrolls one of the Syrian priests had gone to
the American School of Oriental Research and had met some of its members. The Americans had
managed to obtain permission to photograph and publish the scrolls, assuring the priest that they
would be able to get far higher prices for the scrolls in the United States. Thus the Jewish people
have lost a precious heritage.
- Yadin, Message of the Scrolls, 29
After presenting this entry, Yadin voices his regret that his father, who died in 1953,
did not live to witness the chain of events that culminated in the purchase of the St
Mark's scrolls for the State of Israel on 15 June 1954.
The Great Isaiah Scroll in the United States

On 14 May 1948, the British Mandate over Palestine expired, and the Jewish State
of Israel was declared. During the fighting that erupted soon afterwards, the
Metropolitan remained in the Old City, but not for long. Burrows and Trever, having
already returned to the United States, had invited Samuel over to assist them in
finalizing the photographs and publication of the four scrolls owned by his monastery,
and for expert help in unrolling the severely damaged Genesis Apocryphon. In an
unrelated development, Samuel received an appointment as Apostolic Delegate of the
Syrian Church to the United States and Canada. Accordingly in late December or early
January 1949, he sailed from Beirut to Jersey City, New Jersey, carrying the St Mark's
scrolls among his possessions.
The first ASOR publication of the scrolls appeared soon afterwards, in March 1950.
The Dead Sea Scrolls of St. Mark's Monastery, Volume 1, included an introduction,
photographs, and transcription of The Isaiah Manuscript and the Habakkuk
Commentary. In the following year, Volume 2 appeared, containing the photographs and
transcriptions of the Manual of Discipline.
Soon after his arrival, the Metropolitan set about seeking a buyer for his four scrolls.
He also held several exhibits, in October 1949 at the Library of Congress in
Washington, and in 1950 at Duke University and the University of Chicago. Still no
buyer came forward, perhaps dissuaded by questions as to the legal owner of the
manuscripts, or Samuel's high asking price (initially $1,000,000). So in November 1951,
he placed the manuscripts under a trust agreement with the Chairman of the Syrian
Orthodox Church to oversee any future sales and ensure that proceeds be directed to
the Church's work and educational programmes. Samuel's final attempt to sell his
scrolls was in the rather unorthodox form of an advertisement in the Wall Street
Journal, which first appeared on 1 June 1954:
<The Four Dead Sea Scrolls'
Biblical Manuscripts dating back to at least 200 Be, are
for sale. This would be an ideal gift to an educational or
religious institution by an individual or group.
Box F 206, The Wall Street Journal
Earlier that summer, on 27 May 1954, Sukenik's son Yigael Yadin was delivering a
lecture at John Hopkins University on the three Hebrew University Scrolls. He learned
from Albright of the Metropolitan's failed and repeated attempts to sell his four scrolls.
Yadin expected an asking price in the millions, but Albright estimated Samuel's price as
around $500,000, and encouraged Yadin to buy them for the new State of Israel. On
1 June 1954, Yadin was alerted to the Wall Street Journal advertisement by Israeli
friend and journalist Monty Jacobs. In the guise of 'Mr Green', Professor Harry
Orlinsky of the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion in New York verified
that the items for sale were indeed the four scrolls that the Metropolitan had
transported from the Middle East. The initial asking price set by Samuel's
representative was $400,000, which Yadin's agent managed to bid down to $250,000.
On 15 June 1954, Yadin's purchase of the four St Mark's Monastery Scrolls was
finalized by his agent, with the Israeli scholar's interest kept secret.
The larger part of the contracted amount was guaranteed by the Israeli government,
and a smaller, but substantial, portion was loaned by the American Fund for Israeli
Institutions. Most was then repaid through a donation by American Jewish paper
merchant and philanthropist Samuel Gottesman of N ew York, 11 who also funded the
building of the Shrine of the Book in Jerusalem. In early February, the four scrolls were
flown in separate planes to Israel, and on 13 February 1955, the purchase by the State
of Israel was announced by Premier Moshe Sharett, together with plans for a museum
that would house all seven scrolls from Cave 1. Ten years later, on 20 April 1965, the
Shrine of the Book was inaugurated.
Had the sale to Yadin not been successful, the four St Mark's scrolls would most
likely have been sold to an American group that included John Trever. He describes
forming a fund for purchasing them as part of an international project, with title being
placed with the Palestine Archaeological Museum. The plan included future exhibitions
around the world, after which the scrolls would be resident in Jerusalem, Jordan. The
monies paid for them would have been used to rebuild the Syrian Orthodox Monastery
in Jerusalem, and to support humanitarian and educational projects there.l-
The Hebrew University Isaiah Scroll (1 QIsab)

Events Leading to the Purchase by Eleazar Sukenik
The story of 1QIsab , though receiving less attention than its illustrious counterpart
1QIsa 3 , is significant in its own right. As mentioned above, this is one of the three
'Hebrew University Scrolls', together with the Thanksgiving Hymns (1 QHa) and the
War Scroll (1 QM), which were removed from Cave 1 during the second visit by
Isha'ya and Khalil before the sale of the four St Mark's scrolls on 19 July 1947.
Events leading to the eventual sale of this group to the Hebrew University on
29 November 1947 were more localized and involved fewer parties than the St Mark's
group. Khalil and his cousin Jum'a sold the three scrolls, together with two jars from
the cave, to an antiquities dealer in Bethlehem named Faidi Salahi for seven Jordanian
11Yadin, Message of the Scrolls (Revised Edition), 25.

12Trever, The Untold Story, 143.
pounds (about £20 or $28). This sale took place in June, about a month before the St
Mark's scrolls were purchased from Kando by the Metropolitan Samuel on 19 July.
Salahi enlisted the help of Nasri Ohan, an Armenian dealer in Jerusalem, to seek a
wealthy individual or an institution to buy the scrolls. Ohan contacted Sukenik and
arranged to show him a portion of the three scrolls in Salahi's possession. On 25
November, at the barbed-wire barricade near the Jaffa Gate in Zone B of partitioned
Jerusalem, a sizeable scroll fragment was shown to Sukenik by Ohan as Salahi's
representative. In his diary (as recorded by his son, Yigael Yadin), Sukenik records this
first encounter with the scrolls, and his impressions:
I hesitated a few minutes, straining my eyes to peer through the loops of barbed wire in an effort to
make out the letters on the scrap of leather. Strangely enough, as I gazed at the parchment, the
letters began to become familiar, though I could make no immediate sense of the writing. They
resembled letters which I had found on several occasions on small coffins and on ossuaries which I
had discovered in and around Jerusalem, in some ancient tombs dating back to the period before
the Roman destruction of the city. I had seen such letters scratched, carved and, in a few cases,
painted on stone. But not until this week had I seen this particular kind of Hebrew lettering written
with a pen on leather.
- Yadin, Message of the Scrolls, 18
Sukenik offered to buy the three scrolls for the Hebrew University, and asked to see the
others that Salahi possessed. On 27 November 1947, Ohan showed further fragments
to Sukenik in his shop in Zone B, the scholar first having to acquire the necessary
military pass to enter. Viewing these additional scrolls increased Sukenik's certainty that
they were indeed ancient, with writing similar to that on older ossuaries found around
Jerusalem. Sukenik was now determined to purchase all three scrolls, which entailed
visiting Salahi's shop in Bethlehem. Two days later, at great personal risk and against
his family's advice, he made the trip by bus, accompanied by Ohan. Salahi recounted
the story of the discovery of Cave 1 and showed him the two jars and scrolls in his
possession. Sukenik expressed his intention to purchase but asked permission to take two
scrolls back to Jerusalem, which would help determine his decision whether to buy, and
promised to decide within two days. The two scrolls (lQHa and 1QM) were wrapped in
paper and given to Sukenik, who returned with Ohan to Jerusalem.
The mounting political tension is apparent in Sukenik's description of his trip to
Bethlehem, which took place on Friday, 29 November 1947, the same day the United
Nations voted (33 to 13, with 10 abstentions) to partition Palestine into Jewish and
Arab sections. Rioting broke out the next day, and Ohan being a Christian who
observed Sunday as a day of rest, it was only on Monday, 1 December that Sukenik
managed to contact Ohan and confirm his decision to purchase. On 22 December, Sukenik
also bought the two jars and the third scroll, 'l Q'Isa>.
By then, Sukenik had become aware of the four St Mark's scrolls in the Metropolitan
Samuel's possession, but their nature and contents were as yet unclear to him. 13 Sukenik
set to work on the Hebrew University scrolls. Already in 1948, he published the first of
two Hebrew fascicles entitled, 'Hidden Scrolls from the Genizah Found in the Judean
13Cf. VanderKam and Flint, Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls, 7.

Desert', which featured an introduction and transcriptions of 1QHa, 1QM (parts), and
lQIsab • 14
The Isaiah Scrolls at the Shrine of the Book

On 20 April 1965, the Shrine of the Book was opened as the permanent home to all
seven scrolls from Cave 1.
As part of the Israel Museum complex in Jerusalem, the Shrine of the Book soon
became an iconic building and is considered a landmark of twentieth century
architecture. The most striking features are its large white dome and free-standing black
basalt wall, which create a powerful metaphor for the contrast between the Sons of
Light and the Sons of Darkness. The white dome also symbolizes the lid of the jar in
which the first scrolls were found, and beneath that 'lid' the chamber exhibiting the
scrolls, two-thirds below ground level, resembles a cave.
The Shrine holding the Cave 1 scrolls has been under the care of two Curators:
Magen Broshi (1964-94), and Adolfo Roitman (since 1994).
Six of the seven scrolls were originally put on view, with the full length of the Great
Isaiah Scroll mounted in a raised circular display case. Due to its frail condition,
however, the scroll was moved to the Shrine's vault in 1968, and replaced with an exact
replica. 1QIsaa remained undisplayed for another thirty years. Following conservation
treatment, a few columns were put on display in 1997; these now alternate with another
treated section of the scroll in an ongoing exhibition. In 2008, two very long sections
containing chapters 1-28 and 44-66, respectively, were placed on exhibit for three
months to honour the sixtieth anniversary of the State of Israel.
The Hebrew University Isaiah Scroll (1 QIsab ) has had more public exposure over the
years. In addition to being on permanent display in the Shrine of the Book, sections
have been shown at Museums in the United States and Canada.
14The second fascicle was published in 1950; see E. L. Sukenik, Megilloth Genuzoth (2 vols., Jerusalem: Bialik
Foundation, 1948, 1950).
PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE CAVE 1 ISAIAH SCROLLS
IT IS APPROPRIATE to give due recognition to the many photographers, from the earliest
to the most recent, of both LQ'Isa" and 1QIsab . It will also prove helpful to document
the complex process by which the digital images in Part 1 were obtained and processed,
and how the Plates were made.
The Photographs of 1Qlsaa

LQ'Isa'' has been fully photographed at least six times, using either conventional or
digital imaging, by six different individuals or teams: John C. Trever, the Japanese
publishing company Kodansha, M. Kirschner, David Harris, Schmuel J. Schweig, and
Ardon Bar Hama. These images have primarily been used for academic purposes, but
some have been published in more popular settings such as museum posters,
guidebooks, or magazines including the National Geographic.i and more recently on the
Internet.
John C. Treoerl
The story of the photography of 1QIsaa begins in 1948, a tumultuous year for
Palestine, when John C. Trever of the American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR)
in Jerusalem received a telephone call from a Father Butrus Sowmy, librarian of the
Syrian Orthodox Monastery of St. Mark in the Old City, inquiring about some scrolls
in ancient Hebrew.I As Acting Director of ASOR, Trever corresponded with the
monastery and was permitted to examine and make photographic images of 1Q Isa" on
at least three separate occasions.
On 21 February 1948 in the basement of the ASOR building, Trever became the
first photographer of the scrolls. He was determined to take as many pictures as possible
and produced a complete set of black-and-white negatives of 1Q'Isa", as well as several
colour negatives, using 6 x 9 em Kodak Medalist cut film, on a red corduroy
background. These included four general views of columns I-IV (lsa 1:1-5:14), XI-XIII
(11:12-16:14), XXXII-XXXIII (38:8-40:28), XXXIII-XXXIV (40:28-41:23), and XLIX
(59: 17-61:4) with the partially rolled scroll visible on either side:
1S ee A. D. Tushingham, 'The Men who Hid the Dead Sea Scrolls', National Geographic CXIV/6 (Dec. 1958)
784-808, esp. 804-805 (with a picture of l QIsa" cols. XXXII-XXXIII).
2Trever documents his dealings with the Cave 1 scrolls in three books: The Untold Story of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(Westwood, N.j.: Revell, 1965); The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Personal Account (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977 [Revised
Edition: Piscataway, N.j.: Gorgias, 2005]); and The Dead Sea Scrolls in Perspective (North Richland Hills, Tex.: Bibal,
2004).
3Trever recollects: 'As the Monastery librarian, ... he had been organizing their collection of rare books to
prepare a catalogue of them. Among the books he had found some scrolls in ancient Hebrew, which had been in the
Monastery for about forty years, but he could find no information about them. He was inquiring, therefore, if our
School could supply him with some data for the catalogue' (The Untold Story, 14).
... I stretched the beginning columns of the Isaiah scroll on a long table. Scotch tape was all we
had to use, but I carefully applied it to the back of the breaks to avoid any possible damage to the
script. Setting the various pieces in their proper places was like working a huge jigsaw puzzle....
When finished, the Isaiah Scroll took twenty-nine sheets of film .... I was determined to take a
few color shots. The special camera and plates had been carefully prepared for the purpose that
morning, so the shift could be made quickly. Then it was that I made two exposures of Columns
32 and 33, with the rest of the scroll rolled on either side-a picture which has been published
more often than any other one related to the scrolls. A similar picture of the first four columns was
also made in color, the red corduroy background providing an ideal setting.
-Trever, The Untold Story, 43-44
Trever's colour transparency of cols. XXXII-XXXIII was to achieve international

prominence, but his first set of black-and-white negatives (with two to three columns
per image on each due to the lack of available film) was never published, and thus
largely forgotten, due to its lack of sufficient resolution for creating full size prints.
In February and March of 1948, with the assistance of William Brownlee, Trever
made another set of black-and-white transparencies. This set was used (but
supplemented with a few more transparencies made in April 1949) for the first edition of
1QIsaa in 1950 by Millar Burrows, with J. C. Trever and W. H. Brownlee.f The plates
were less than perfect, because Trever had been forced to use outdated portrait film,
which was all he could procure at the time.
On 7 March 1948, Trever made a set of 6 x 9 em colour transparencies, but only
after frantically searching and bargaining for colour film. 5 He later produced a full set of
high quality black-and-white images from these colour transparencies.f In 1972, these
two sets of magnificent photographs-in black-and-white and colour, on facing pages-
were published by Frank Moore Cross and others.? However, three of the black-and-
white plates (cols. VI, XLVIII, and XLIX) were from the April 1949 set of
transparencies. The colour plates included colour corrections dictated by Trever, since
the original transparencies had started to fade. Moreover, in order to compensate for the
slightly faded black Hebrew text, black-and-white positive images were added to the
colour separations, which improved the contrast and thus the readability of the text.
The volume also included three of the five general views taken by Trever in February
1948: columns XI-XIII, XXXII-XXXIII, and XLIX.
In 1974, a shorter book with an identical title was published, but with only the set of
black-and-white transparencies and a shorter introduction.f
4T he Dead Sea Scrolls of St. Mark's Monastery. Volume I: The Isaiah Manuscript and the Habakkuk Commentary
(New Haven, Conn.: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1950).
5Trever could acquire only portrait film but was able to use a fine Zeiss 13 x 18 centimetre view camera to make
full colour reproductions of the Great Isaiah Scroll and the Habakkuk Pesher from Cave 1.
6For Trever's description of this process, see Cross et aI., Scrolls from Qumran Cave I, 8, esp. n. 9.
7Scrolls from Qumran Cave I: The Great Isaiah Scroll, the Order of the Community, the Pesher to Habakkuk from
Photographs by John C. Trever (Jerusalem: Albright Institute of Archaeological Research and the Shrine of the Book,
1972) 1-123.
8F. M. Cross et aI., Scrolls from Qumran Cave I: The Great Isaiah Scroll, the Order of the Community, the Pesher
to Habakkuk from Photographs by John C. Trever (Jerusalem: Albright Institute of Archaeological Research and the
Shrine of the Book, 1972) 7-61.
PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE SCROLLS 17
Trever's latter sets of black-and-white and colour transparencies from March 1948
are most familiar to scholars and the wider public: these black-and-white images are
superior to those used for the 1950 edition of 1Qf sa", and the 1972 and 1974 collections
were much more widely disseminated than the 1950 edition.
These two sets of transparencies remain unrivalled to the present day, but the colour
set presents a number of difficulties. The first problem is the loss of the original
transparency of col. XLIX in 1950, when it was lent to a publisher. Fortunately, as
already mentioned, Trever had earlier photographed a general colour view of the entire
scroll opened at this column. In 1966 he made a new transparency of the same size as
the original fifty-three 6 x 9 em transparencies, with only a slight loss of definition due
to the greater magnification required. Trever produced a second master set of the
March 1948 colour transparencies in 1966, according to his son James Trever.
The second difficulty involves blemishes caused by the presence of air bubbles,
which formed on the film during the first stage of processing: in the margins before or
after cols. I, II, XI, XVI, and XXIX; between lines 5 and 6 of col. XXXIX; and in the
lower margin of col. XLII. These bubbles vary in size but do not affect the text of the
scroll, most having formed on the outer edges of the negative. In addition, spots appear
on the leather to the left of line 17 in col. IV, and in the upper margin of col. XX.
The third problem is in col. XLVIII 8, where in the colour photograph the taw at the
end of n':J'rn (Isa 58:12) is obscured by a flake of leather from LII 3 possibly containing
the 'alep from rzll'\ (Isa 65:5; see NOTE); that problem does not affect the black-and-white
image.
A fourth difficulty is in col. VI, where a small fragment containing text from Isaiah 7
was only later attached. Trever recalls:
Finally, every available inscribed piece, except one very small piece containing only five letters ... ,
was in its proper place. Much to my disappointment there were still six breaks for which no pieces
could be found. The edges of two or three showed evidence of recent tears. I queried the Syrians
about the possibility of their having them somewhere else, but they assured me that all the pieces
must be with the scroll or in the satchel.
-Trever, The Untold Story, 43
Neither the February 1948 black-and-white photographs, nor the two March 1948 sets
(black-and-white and colour), include the small piece in col. VI 27-29, which preserves
the following letters from Isa 7:12-14: nl'\ (v 12: 'alep and part of taw), C'rzlJl'\ ni~l;lil (v 13:
the first four letters), and ii5[i1 n,l'\ (v 14: a trace of nun and part of he). Trever was
aware of this fragment. On 6 April 1949, on a visit to N ew York with plans to assist in
the unrolling of 1QapGen, he had another opportunity to take some black-and-white
photographs of 1Q'lsa":
That afternoon, while we were guests of the priest of the Assyrian Orthodox Church of West New
York, the Metropolitan secured the Isaiah Scroll from the bank vault in which it was being kept, in
order that I might add a tiny fragment containing portions of five letters which had not been
properly located in Jerusalem. It belonged in the gap in Column 6. This meant rephotographing
the column, though it was already too late to get it into our publication.
-Trever, The Untold Story, 127
One final, brief opportunity came in Chicago in December 1951 for Trever to
experiment with infrared pictures of l Qlsa", but he had the time only to photograph
columns VII, VIII and X, hoping to present a clearer record of the scribal erasures
made on those columns. These images, however, offered no real improvement over
Trever's earlier photographs, and he was afforded no further occasion to experiment
with infrared photography, under ideal conditions, on specific areas of 1QIsaa that may
have benefitted. For this scroll at least, Trever concluded that there was no real
advantage in publishing the three infrared images; as of 2008 they remained
unpublished.
The Ancient Biblical Manuscript Center (ABMC) in Claremont, California, houses
all John Trever's 1948 negatives of 1Q Isa", with the exception of the missing column
XLIX lost in 1950, but including (instead) the general view of the scroll opened at that
column. The Center also houses numerous other negatives and slides made by Trever,
among them at least two complete 35 mm slide sets of 1QIsaa. Many of his later
negatives, as well as a copy of the 1948 master set, are also held by Dr Trever's son
James E. Trever, who is currently preparing digital images from them.
M. Kirschner
Shortly after 1QIsaa reached Israel in 1954, Professor Yigael Yadin asked M.
Kirschner, head of the photography department at Israel Police headquarters in Tel
Aviv, to photograph the scroll. The images produced were on 15 x 15 em black-and-
white negatives, usually two columns at a time, plus part of the neighbouring columns.
Shmuel J. Schweig
Shmuel J. Schweig (1905-1985) was head of the photography department at the
Palestine Archaeological Museum (PAM) from 1925 to 1927, and was teacher of and
predecessor to Najib Albina, the primary photographer of the PAM images.
Schweig also worked for the Hebrew University and later for the Israel Department
of Antiquities (now the Israel Antiquities Authority). He made black-and-white images
of 1QIsaa on 10 x 13 em negatives, with each column (plus part of the adjacent
column) photographed separately. In their 1999 edition of the Great Isaiah Scroll.?
Donald Parry and Elisha Qimron published for the first time the Schweig photographs
of forty-five columns (I-XIV, XXIII-XXXVIII, and XL-LIV). For the other nine
columns (XV-XXII and XXXIX), however, they employed photographs from the black-
and-white Trever set taken by Trever in March 1948. Unfortunately, Parry and
Qirnron were unable to determine the exact date of the Schweig photographs. In a
private letter to the Editors of DJD XXXII in 2007, Professor Parry wrote:
I played the true detective in attempting to discover who Schweig was and exactly when he took the
photographs. I even traveled to Jerusalem and scouted out the photographers. In the end, however,
neither of us were able to locate Schweig nor his photography shop. Fortunately, all of the Schweig
photographs were labeled on the back side, so we at least know him to be S. J. Schweig of Jerusalem.
Irene Lewitt of the Shrine of the Book has since furnished additional information that
Schweig had no studio but only a darkroom at home, that his photogaphs of 1QIsaa
were taken in approximately 1960, and that Magen Broshi (Curator of the Shrine of the
Book, 1964-94) provided them for the Parry-Qimron volume. In his will, Schweig left
to the Israel Museum his negatives, which are housed at the Shrine of the Book.
9The Great Isaiah Scroll (IQIsa"): A New Edition (STDJ 32; Leiden: Brill, 1999).
David Harris
In 1961, David Harris of Jerusalem (1929-2008) worked on special assignment as
Head Photographer for the j udaean Desert excavation conducted by Yigael Yadin.
Commissioned by the Shrine of Book and the Israel Museum to produce images of
1Q Isa", Harris made black-and-white photographs and 10 x 13 em colour trans-
parencies of most columns, some of which were published in a 1968 collectionl? and in
several popular books. The Harris photographs and transparencies are stored at the
Shrine of the Book.
Masao Sekine and Kodansha

In 1976, the Japanese publishing company Kodansha received permission from the
Israel Museum and the Shrine of the Book to produce a limited number of facsimile
scrolls of 1QIsaa. Under the supervision of Masao Sekine (a prominent Japanese
scholar), company photographers prepared 13 x 18 em colour transparencies for making
the facsimiles, and a Companion Volume was published in 1979. 11 The transparencies
are stored in the Kodansha Archives in Japan, and a duplicate set is housed at the
Shrine of the Book.
Ardon Bar Hama

The Israeli photographer Ardon Bar Hama has made digital images of rare
collections at the Vatican, the Israel Museum, the Chicago Oriental Museum, and other
institutions around the world. His work is funded by the George S. Blumenthal
Foundation of New York, whose Center for Online Judaic Studies seeks to produce high
resolution digital photographs of all major Jewish manuscripts. This enterprise serves
two purposes: preserving rare works in digital form-thus enabling museums and
archives to preserve their fragile collections-and making them accessible to the public.
Bar Hama photographed 1QIsaa in stages from 2004 to 2006. His complete and
scrollable photographs can be viewed on the websites of the Center for Online Judaic
Studies (www.cojs.org) and the Shrine of the Book (www.imj.org.il).
Martin Scheyen
Several uninscribed fragments of 1Q'Isa" have been purchased by the Norwegian
collector of manuscripts, Martin Scheyen (item MS 1926/1), who kindly supplied them
for publication in this volume. According to the labels provided by Mr. Scheyen, there
are five groups of fragments: repair vellum, a repair thread, pieces from the lower edge
of the scroll, pieces from the cover sheet, and bits of linen thread from the cloth in which
the scroll was wrapped. 12 Although independent, definitive proof is not available, the
10K. Katz, P. P. Kahane, and M. Broshi, From the Beginning: Archaeology and Art in the Israel Museum,
Jerusalem (photographs by David Harris, and introduction by Philip Hendy), (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1968;
New York: Reynal, 1968).
11M. Broshi, et al. The Dead Sea Scrolls: Reproduction Made from the Original Scrolls Kept in the Shrine of the
Book, Jerusalem (foreword by Masao Sekine; preface by Millar Burrows; introduction by Magen Broshi; transcriptions
by Elisha Qimron; translations by Geza Vermes), (Tokyo: Kodansha Ltd., 1979).
12S ee his website (www.schoyencollection.com/dsscrolls.htm#19261) for pictures of these fragments and further
information.
Editors believe it probable that these fragments belong to 1QIsaa, based both on the
appearance of the materials and on the Metropolitan Samuel's statement that a cover
sheet had originally been attached (see The Discovery of the Scrolls, above).
The Photographs of lQIsaa Used for tnt: XXXII

This edition makes use of the best-preserved images of 1Q Isa- in its finest state of
preservation. These images are John T'revers set of colour negatives taken in March
1948, now stored at the Ancient Biblical Manuscript Center in Pasadena, and the black-
and-white images he made from these colour transparencies. The scroll has deteriorated
over time, affecting later photographic captures of the scroll.
With the assistance of the Ancient Biblical Manuscript Center (in particular, Dr Arik
Greenberg) a set of high-resolution, colour digital images was made by a specialist
company (Gene Sasse Photography) directly from the March 1948 negatives. This was
no easy task, since the Trever negatives have faded slightly, despite being kept in a
vault at 15.5 degrees Celsius (60 degrees Fahrenheit).
Column XLIX, however, is taken, with only a slight reduction in resolution, from
the 6 x 9 em transparency made by Trever in 1966 of the full scroll opened to that
column, with rolls on each side. Col. VI is from the 1948 Trever negative, but with the
additional small fragment containing text from Isa 7:12-14 (see above) added from
Trever's black-and-white photograph of April 1949.
Five plates at the beginning of Part 1 pertain to Trever's photographs: the
Frontispiece with cols. XXXII and XXXIII; the photographing of the Community Rule
at the American School of Oriental Research in Jerusalem in 1947 (Plate C), and the
three general views containing more than one column: Plates A (cols. I-IV with the roll
on the left side), B (col. XLIX with rolls on each side), and D (cols. XI-XIII with roll
on the right side). These images, as well as Plate XLIX, were kindly supplied and
formatted into digital images for this volume by John Trever's son, James.
Plate E contains the uninscribed fragments supplied by Martin Schoyen (item MS
1926/1), together with his labels, which are reproduced without alteration.
The fifty-four digital Plates containing individual columns were finalized by Ted
Erho of the D JD XXXII editorial team. Colouring of these images was a complex task,
since printed photographs can be markedly different from views on the computer screen.
The re-mastered plates are a little lighter in colour than scroll itself, which is generally a
deeper tan. The purpose is to achieve maximum contrast between leather and ink,
rather than exact coloration, and thus to achieve maximum legibility.
Constrictions of space unfortunately required that the very bottom portions of cols.
II, IX, XIII, XXVIII, XXIX, XXXII, XXXVI, XLI, XLII, and XLVIII be cut off in
the digitization process, but no text has been lost.
In order to present the most presentable images for publication, the bluish
background against which Trever had photographed the scroll was painstakingly
cropped, but under heavy magnification (using Adobe Photoshop software) in order to
avoid the loss of any data. The algorithms normally used were too imprecise for this
very precise task, resulting in a general degree of accuracy of between + j- 1 pixel.
The blemishes caused by air bubbles mentioned above, which appear as black spots
on the images, remain untouched in most cases, in order to avoid creating an artificial
image. Where they occur along the manuscript edge, however, and thus do not affect
the text, these blemishes have been removed and the portions of the manuscript
reconstructed with the aid of adjoining images.
Precise sizing of the Plates proved challenging. For the March 1948 photographs,
Trever used a number of light sources from different angles in order to illuminate the
scroll fully. This process, however, resulted in various shadows stemming from different
angles along the edges of the scroll. In order to present some consistency in DJD XXXII,
those shadows have been removed, and a small artificial shadow has been inserted in
each image to provide depth perception.
The photographs of LQ'Isa" present the manuscript in its original size, as close to a
1: 1 ratio as can be achieved. The ruler on the right side of col. I was imbedded by
Trever in the original photograph, thus allowing for that image to be sized exactly, and
for the others to be sized using this base measurement.
The Photographs of 1 Qlsab

Unlike LQ'Isa", lQlsab is only partly preserved and is mostly dark and blackened.
The scroll is preserved in numerous fragments and in four major sheets containing the
upper part of the last third of it. Parts, notably the centre of col. XXI, can be read by
the naked eye, but most of the scroll is illegible under ordinary (that is, flash) light.
Thus, for DJD 32, as for all the preliminary editions, the plates of 1Qlsab are made
from infrared images, with the exception of the colour Plates G and H, which were
taken using ordinary light.
lQlsab has been photographed by four different photographers: Helena Biberkraut
(infrared), Najib Albina (infrared), David Harris (ordinary light) and Ardon Bar Hama
(infrared and ordinary light).
Helena Biberkraut
As detailed in the Discovery above, on 21 December 1947, E. L. Sukenik purchased
lQlsa b on behalf of the Hebrew University. In May 1949, the scroll was opened by
Professor James Biberkraut, who undertook the delicate task of unfolding the layers of
crinkled and compacted leather. lQlsa b proved exceedingly difficult to unroll, since
successive layers of the scroll were stuck together and the surface was heavily smeared
with a dark thick material produced by decomposition. Consequently, many parts of the
columns had grown so dark that it was often possible only with much difficulty to make
out traces of writing. Fortunately, the scroll was legible in infrared light. Helena
Biberkraut, wife of Professor Biberkraut, a skilled photographer with experience in
infrared, photographed 1Q Isab on glass plates using 13 x 18 em photographic plates.
She made images of the scroll before unrolling, the fragments and columns of 1Qlsab ,
and several general views containing more than one column.
Sukenik published 1 Qlsa b , along with the War Scroll and the H odayot,
posthumously in a Hebrew and an English cdition.l ' using the Biberkraut photographs
13 n":J.l1il ilc:l'O':l'J'~il ',':ltzl mmJil m'?'JOil .,~,~ (Jerusalem: Bialik Foundation and the Hebrew University,
1954); and The Dead Sea Scrolls of the Hebrew University, ed. N. Avigad and Y. Yadin (Jerusalem: Hebrew University
and Magnes Press, 1955).
22 DISCOVERIES IN THE ]UDAEAN DESERT XXXII
to make his plates. Many years later, additional fragments were identified by Eva Jain,
who published them in 2002, together with a reconstruction of the entire scroll.l"
Najib Albina
Supported through a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, Najib Albina was
appointed as the first full-time photographer of the Dead Sea Scrolls in May 1952.
Albina became the primary photographer of the Palestine Archaeological Museum
(PAM) series of images, which included seven fragments of 1QIsab .
While Sukenik was working on the main part of 1QIsab , those seven additional
fragments were found during excavations in Cave 1 by Lancaster Harding and Roland
de Vaux, under the auspices of the Jordanian Department of Antiquities. They were
published in the first volume in the DJD series in 1955. 15
David Harris
In addition to his images of 1QIsaa described above, Harris made a set of 1QIsa b
photographs on 10 x 13 em colour transparencies, using ordinary (flash) light. One of
these appears here as the multicolumn Plate H, which illustrates the limited value, for
study purposes, of images not taken with infrared light, due to the dark and blackened
surface of most of this scroll.
Ardon Bar Hama

Bar Hama made, in addition to his images of 1Q'Isa". high quality digital
photographs of several fragments and columns of 1QIsa b from 2005 to 2006, using
infrared light. The resolution is sharp and clear, but comparison with the earlier
Biberkraut photographs reveals some physical deterioration of the scroll between 1949
and 2006. He also made digital images of several fragments and columns in colour, using
ordinary (flash) light.
The Photographs of lQIsab Used for DJD XXXII

As was the case for 1QIsaa, the Editors decided to use the images of lQIsa b taken
soon after its discovery, since the scroll has deteriorated over time, which has affected
later photographic captures. Thus the vast majority of the Plates are based on Helena
Biberkraut's photographs in the 'Shrine' (SHR) series, and a lesser number on Najib
Albina's photographs in the PAM series. A few later images by Harris and Bar Hama
have also been used, and are noted ad loe.
Preparing the Plates of 1QIsa b proved more challenging than preparing those of
1Q Isa", on two counts: locating all the pertinent images, and achieving clear pictures
with legible text.
With regard to locating the images, several were obtained with little difficulty,
through the assistance and courtesy of others. For the fragments published in DJD I, a
high-resolution digital image of PAM 43.752 was provided by the Ancient Biblical
Manuscript Center in Claremont, California. In similar vein, high-resolution digital
14E. Jain, 'Die materielle Rekonstruktion von lQJes b (lQ8) und einige bisher nicht edierte Fragmente dieser
Handschrift', RevQ 20/79 (2002) 389-409, including PIs. 1-8.
15D. Barthelemy and]. T. Milik, Qumran Cave I (D]D I; Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1955) 66-68 + PI. XII.
images of the Harris and Bar Hama photographs were furnished by the Shrine of the
Book.
Accessing the many photographs taken by Helena Biberkraut, however, proved far
less simple. Since all are in the Shrine series, a full set of digital images was obtained
from the ABMC. It soon became clear that not all fragments of 1Qlsab had been
included in Sukenik's editions, which necessitated a detailed study of all the pertinent
Shrine images. Many of these are intricate and confusing, each presenting several
fragments from Isaiah or the Hodayot, as well as unidentified pieces. It was by studying
some of these images that Eva Jain was able to identify and publish several more
fragments. In this Edition these are found in col. IV (Jain frg. 29), col. XII-e (frg. 21),
col. XIII (frg. 22), col. XIV-b (frg. 23), col. XVII-g (frg. 24), col. XIX-d (frg. 25), col.
XXllI-c (frg. 26), col. XXV-a (frg. 27), and col. XXVII-f (frg. 28).
Twelve additional pieces were identified by Nathaniel Dykstra of the DJD XXXII
editorial team, and are thus designated 'DFU' (for Dykstra-Flint-Ulr ichj.tv These
pieces are found in col. VIII-c (DFU frg. 1),17 col. XV-a (frg. 2), col. XV-c (frg. 3), col.
XV-e (frg. 4), col. XVII-e (frg. 5), col. XVII-h (frg. 6), col. XIX-e (frg. 7), col. XXII-e
(frg. 8), col. XXlII-d (frg. 9), col. XXVII-l (frg. 10), col. XXVIII-j (frg. 11), and col.
XXVllI-x (frg. 12).
Since many fragments in the ABMC digital images are faded or difficult to identify,
clearer and sharper pictures were also required. Sukenik's printed edition proved most
helpful, but it has its limitations, since many of the photographs found there do not
exist as single Shrine images, but were compiled from more than one. Physical
photographs were supplied for the Editors by the Shrine of the Book, many painstakenly
cut out and assembled from pictures of numerous small fragments by Irene Lewitt. In
addition, the Shrine furnished digital images of most of the photographs published by
Sukenik, with several scanned from the Israeli editor's original physical masters. Finally,
Bar Hama's high quality digital photographs, in both black and white and colour, were
also provided by the Shrine.
Achieving clear and legible images for the Plates in DJD XXXII was complex and
intricate because of the fragmentary state of 1QIsab and its often dark and blackened
surface. Fortunately, several presented few problems and required minimal digital
editing, including: the scroll before unrolling (Plate F); the three multicolumn images
(col. XXI [Isa 48:17-49:15, Plate G] by Ardon Bar Hama, cols. XIX-XXII [Isaiah 44-
51, Plate H] by David Harris, and cols. XXIII-XXVI [Isaiah 52-61, Plate 1] by Bar
Hama); as well as the fragments by Najib Albina published in DJD I.
With a few small exceptions, all twenty Plates of 1QIsab have been digitally prepared
and processed from Helena Biberkrauts infrared photographs. These feature the
fragments and columns published by Sukenik, by Jain, and by Flint and Dykstra. For
col. XXV frg. b, however, a scan from one of Sukenik's plates was provided by the
Shrine of the Book for the beginning of line 24 (Isa 58: 13), since it contains a piece of
leather that was folded over in the SHR image (4388) used for this column (see NOTE).
Two Bar Hama images have also been used. The first is in col. XX frg. c to restore
'~jrD~' (lsa 46:13) in line 12. In the main photograph (SHR 3433), this word is only
16Cf. P. W. Flint and N. N. Dykstra. 'Newly-Identified Fragments of lQlsab ' . JJS 60/1 (2009) 80-89.
17This was published in D]D I as the unidentified frg. 7.
partly preserved (see NOTE). Col. XXVI frg. b is also from a Bar Hama image,
capturing a tiny piece of leather that was unfolded, presumably by a modern scholar
working on the scroll, to reveal possible text from Isa 59:21. In the earlier Biberkraut
photograph this piece was folded under.If Additional photographs of small, unidentified
pieces by Albina were also consulted, with one (PAM 40.543) identified as col. VIlle
and listed as D FU 1 in Plate LVI I.
The digital Plates are composite images finalized by Nathaniel Dykstra, adopting
Eva Jain's reconstruction of the scroll. Sukenik's edition served as guide for sizing the
images; while this was more difficult for material absent from his edition, comparison
with other shared material provided a baseline for scaling the images in question.
With an overall objective of presenting the clearest images and most legible text, the
images have been digitally remastered, using Adobe Photoshop CS2 (Version 9.0.2 for
the Apple platform). This process included digital enhancement, scaling, and
background removal.
Each image presented its own challenges for enhancement but in most cases needed
to be extracted from its background for aesthetic reasons and to eliminate background
shadow. On several occasions, however, the edge of an image blended into the
background, which necessitated image adjustments (for example, using brightness and
contrast) in order to achieve a distinct contrast between image edge and background.
With its edge clearly established, extraction tools were then used to extract the image
and remove the background. This involved manually tracing and highlighting the edge,
often with a brush size of 10 pixels or less, and allowing the application to perform the
final extraction. The results -were then layered upon the original image with its
background and compared, to ensure that no important feature had been removed in
the adjustment process. The decision was always to err on the side of caution, rather
including some of the background than removing any portion of the image. Accordingly,
the background behind holes, when found within an image, was seldom removed.
Whether or not images needed to be extracted from their background, all were
enhanced using a number of techniques. In columns comprised of many smaller
fragments, the pieces often differed with respect to shading, one being darker and
another lighter, especially where fragments from different plates were involved. Once the
column was constructed, the shading was addressed (for example, by equalizing
shadows and highlights), in order to create a uniform presentation and similar
appearance.
The most extreme case of shadow and highlight adjustment, as well as overall
enhancement, involves col. II I on PAM 43.752. The original image was so dark that
most of the text was barely legible, but through digital enhancement the appearance was
greatly improved, and the writing became easier to read. At the other extreme, the
newly-identified frg. h in col XVII was so light in the SHR plates that only the faintest
ink traces could the seen. After much enhancement, ink for at least seven lines became
apparent, with identifiable letters in two or three.
I8It is also possible that frg. b is actually from another layer of the scroll, since the expected word in line 1 before
~ is 'n'i:J, which seems inconsistent with the ink on the leather (see NOTE for col. XXVIb).
LINGUISTIC PROFILE OF THE ISAIAH SCROLLS
THE PROSPECT of describing the Language of the Isaiah scrolls from Cave 1 is rather
daunting, given the exhaustive treatment of 1QIsaa by E. Y. Kutscher in The Language
and Linguistic Background of the Isaiah Scroll.t Kutscher's study has stood uncontested
for nearly forty years and has as yet no contenders waiting in the wings to challenge its
prominence. What is intended here, then, is not a review, or an updating, but rather a
focused attempt to describe the most important and frequent characteristics of the
language of 1Q'Isa", to compare these as often as is appropriate to a setting of the entire
biblical and nonbiblical corpus of scrolls from the Judaean Desert, and for each feature
to compare this most complete of the biblical scrolls with its smaller but still substantial
cousin, 1QIsab.
First, a word about relative size is in order so that the frequency statistics provided
below might prove most meaningful. According to the sum of all published editions-
including this one--there are over 94,000 extant words in the biblical corpus from the
j udaean Desert finds. This compares to the 133,141 words of the nonbiblical Qumran
rnanuscripts.J 1QIsaa is the largest of all the biblical manuscripts with 22,696 words,
and so this one scroll accounts for more than 24% of the entire biblical corpus. Thus,
when it is noted in the various statistics below that 1QIsaa exhibits over 50% of a given
feature--and this is quite common-the reader will understand that this is more than
twice what might be expected. On the other hand, the smaller 1QIsa b is still the third
largest biblical manuscript with 4,603 words.I which is nearly 5% of the biblical corpus.
Thus when it is noted that 1QIsa b exhibits 3% of a given characteristic-again, quite
common-the reader will understand that this is much less than its share.
1E. Y. Kutscher, The Language and Linguistic Background of the Isaiah Scroll (lQIsa (STDj 6: Leiden: Brill,
Q
)
1974). The following abbreviations will be used for studies referred to in this chapter:
AMSQH = T. Muraoka, 'An Approach to the Morphosyntax and Syntax of Qumran Hebrew', in T. Muraoka and
j. F. Elwolde (eds.), Diggers at the Well: Proceedings of a Third International Symposium on the Hebrew of
the Dead Sea Scrolls and Ben Sira (STDJ 36; Leiden: Brill, 2000) 193-214;
DSSB = M. Abegg, P. Flint, and E. Ulrich, The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible (San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco 1999);
DSSCS = E. Y. Kutscher, 'The Dead Sea Scrolls and Contemporary Sources', in his A History of the Hebrew
Language (Jerusalem: Magnes; Leiden: Brill, 1982) 87-114;
HDSS = E. Qimron, The Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls (Harvard Semitic Studies 29: Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1986);
LDSS = A. Saenz-Badillos, 'The Language of the Dead Sea Scrolls', in his A History of the Hebrew Language
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993) 130-46;
LLBIS = E. Y. Kutscher, The Language and Linguistic Background of the Isaiah Scroll (lQIsa (STDj 6: Leiden:
Q
)
Brill,1974);
QH = S. Morag, 'Qumran Hebrew: Some Typological Observations', VT 38 (1988) 148-64.
2M. G. Abegg, Jr. with J. E. Bowley, and E. M. Cook, The Dead Sea Scrolls Concordance I: The Nonbiblical
Texts from Qumran (Leiden: Brill, 2003) xi.
3MurXII is the second largest manuscript with 4,834 words and 4QSama is fourth with 3,656.
1. ORTHOGRAPHY (LLBIS 5-8, 126-186; HDSS §100)

1.1 Waw as mater lectionis (LLBIS 126-148; HDSS §100.2)
Waw standing for 016 and often ul1i occurs widely in the Hebrew of the Qumran
scrolls. As 016 the waw stands for the historically-long holem of 1i11::l, the tone-long holem
of lD"n, the qames hatuf of -'?'::l, and the hatuf qames of O'lD"n. As expected, ul1i occurs
regularly as shureq but also with some regularity for the qibbus as in o'?,::l. Taken as a
whole, the nonbiblical manuscripts from Qumran incorporate the waw with near
consistency in these roles; waw for 016 occurs over 80% of the time. By comparison, in
the corpus of biblical manuscripts from the Judaean Desert, waw for 016 is used in less
than 50% of possible instances. Along this spectrum, 1QIsaa is at the far upper end of
the scale at 94% plene forms where possible, while m-like spellings of 1QIsab place this
manuscript at the lower end with 14%. 4
1.2 Yod as mater lectionis (LLBIS 148-59; HDSS §100.32-34)

The letter yod is also used to indicate the vowels ijl and eie, but with considerably
less frequency than the use of the waw for 016 and ul1i. Nearly all the examples are also
present in m. As plene examples of iFi unique to 1Q'Isa", note the spellings: i') (XXI 19
= 27:9), PlD'~i/plD~'i/1'lD'i (19x), and "" (11x). For e see (O)''?':l~ (XLIX 27 = 61 :2,
XLIX 28 = 61 :3), ~':l:l~ (XVII 29 = 22:21), n'~'J (IX 9 = 9:17), and o'n'r.l (V 3 = 5:17). In
all of 1Q'lsa> there is only rm at XXIV 2 = 55:3. A yod representing e/e in the final
position with construct plurals is the norm in BH, but this form also occurs occasionally
with the singular of lamed-yod-roots in 'l Q'Isa'', both with suffixes: i1'lDl1' (XXXVIII 26 =
45:18; d. 22:11 in m), and without: "lD (XXVIII 30 = 36:2) and 'lDl1r.l (XXX 24 = 37:19;
XLIX 25 = 60:21). The original scribe has added three additional forms supralinearly:
,i1'J,p (I 3 = 1:3), 'i1'lDl1r.l (V 5 = 5:19), and 'J;~' (XXIII 26 = 29:15).
1.3 'Alep as mater (LLBIS 160-164; HDSS §100.61)

As in m, the letter 'alep continues to play its accustomed role as mater at the end of
words, indicating long e or d. The biblical scrolls-and most especially 1Q Isall..-also
incorporate 'alep as a medial mater for a and less frequently as e. For examples of a see
P~l1:l (119 = 1:15), i1::l~' (XXV 18 = 30:31), and O'?~r.lJ (LI 4 =
63:7), as well as the
corrections mr.l~:lil (XIII 7 = 15:2) and i1~'i11 (LII 11 = 65:10). For examples of e see:
i1::l'?~J' (II 10 = 2:3), '~'11 (XXXVI 2 = 42:19; XXXVI 16 = 43:8), and '~::lJ' (LIII 12 =
66:2).
1.4 He as mater (LLBIS 182-184; HDSS §100.7)

There are no occasions in the biblical corpus where he occurs as a mater in a medial
position. This function belongs entirely to the 'alep, However, the role of he as a mater
in final position has expanded considerably. The vast majority of these additions is to be
found in the second masculine singular inflection of the perfect i1n'?~p and the second
masculine singular suffix rc-, These inflections are detailed below at §3.111 and §3.221.
4The sources for calculating these percentages are the list of paradigmatic words from M. G. Abegg, j r., 'The
Hebrew of the Dead Sea Scrolls', in P. W. Flint and]. C. VanderKam (eds.), The Dead Sea Scrolls after Fifty Years:
A Comprehensive Assessment (2 vols., Leiden: Brill, 1998) 1.329, and the data from the Qal participle in §1.8 below.
LINGUISTIC PROFILE 27
1.5 Quiescence (HDSS §100.63-64)

Qimron states that 'Radical alef in final position is only rarely dropped'. His maxim
stands for the biblical corpus from the judaean Desert as well. In well over 3,000
opportunities there are only 19 cases of elision of the final 'alep; 1Q'Isa" accounts for
seven of these (e.g. 'JJ, at XXII 8 =
28:7), whereas 1Qlsab has none. More often 'alep
elsewhere in syllable-final position drops out. This occurs 80 times in the biblical corpus,
including 12 occasions where the 'alep has been added back in correction. 1Qlsaa
accounts for 45 of these, with 7 corrections (e.g. n~,r at I 14 = 1:12). There are no
instances of syllable-final elision in 1 Q Isav. A pattern begins here that will surface
elsewhere in our discussion. There is a notable concentration of 'alep elision in tefillin
manuscripts as well; final 'alep drops in 4Q129, 4Q134, 4Q137, and 4Q142, whereas
syllable-final 'alep drops in 1Q13, 4Q129, 4Q134, 4Q135, 4Q136, 4Q137, 4Q138,
4Q141, and 4Q142. It can hardly be a coincidence that each of these tefillin is in a
group that contains passages in conflict with the rabbinic injunction (b. Menah, 34b).
The quiescent 'alep also evidences variation when combined with waw and yod so as
to produce 8 and i, both in cases where the 'alep is customarily part of the root and
when it has been introduced as a digraph (see below at 1.7). The variant spelling of
such words as rD~i, n~r, and l~~ have been frequently descr ibed.f so I will instead
expose a couple of additional patterns that are characteristic of 1Q'Isa" spellings. The
imperfect of pe-ralep verbs such as ir.l~ are always spelled defective in m (i.e. iO~'). In
the nonbiblical scrolls this then becomes ir.l'~' (7%), iO" (12%), iO~" (22%), as well as
iO~' (59%). In the biblical scrolls we find ir.l'~' (9%), ir.l~" (27%), and iO~' (62%);
while iO" and iO' make up the final 2%. The large majority of the forms in 1Q'Isas are
of the iO~" type (79%), while LQ'Isa]' echoes m with ir.l~' (95%). The other main biblical
manuscripts characterized by the ir.l~" type spellings are 4QExod b and 4QNum b and a
group of tefillin manuscripts represented by 4Q128, 4Q129, 4Q137, 4Q140, and 4Q141,
all of which contain passages which conflict with the rabbinic norms.
1.6 Confusion of syllable-final he and ralep (LLBIS 163-164)

An evident confusion between he and 'alep led the scribe of 1Qlsaa to spell 14
instances of lamed-he verbs as lamed-ralep (1.5% of all lamed-he verbs) and 28 lamed-
ralep verbs as lamed-he (6.3% of all lamed-ralep verbs). The unique nature of this
manuscript is seen once again as this shift occurs elsewhere in the Judaean Desert
Scrolls only 4 and 7 times, respectively. Only once (iiJ'rDJn at XXVI 7 = 60:4) does such an
exchange occur in 1Q'Isa". This confusion with a preference toward he is seen in other
forms in 1Olsa- as well: iiO:::l at VIII 25 = 9:6 rm. ~O~) and iirD' at XXXI 6 = 37:27 (l1t: ~~t:r),
and elsewhere. Spellings with 'alep instead of he also occasionally occur: ~i':JJ' at
XXIX 5 = 36:5 (m: iil~:J~~).
1.7 Digraphs (LLBIS 165-182; HDSS §100.5, §100.51)

Digraphs of 'alep with yod or waw are a characteristic feature of DSS Hebrew. The
most common examples are those in final position: ~':::l (200 of 333 instances in l Q'Isa-,
none in 1Qlsab ) and ~,,, (all 442 instances in l QIsa", 3 of 97 in 1Qlsab ) . In reflection of
such forms, see the spellings of the first common singular suffix ~," (e.g. XXXII 7 =
a
5Kutscher, LLBIS, 166-67; see also the Orthography of 1QIsa below.
38:15 and XXXVI 10 = 43:1 [as correction]) and ~':J (XXIX 5 = 36:5 etc.), and the third
masculine singular suffix ~,~ (III 16 = 3:11 etc.) and ~1:J (XXX 11 = 37:7 etc.), all in
1Q Isa''. On rare occasion digraphs also occur in medial contexts with yod: C'J,rv~'i
(XLIX 29 = 61:4) and nmrv'~ii1 (XXXIV 28 = 41:22, see also 129 = 1:26), but more
commonly with waw: rv'~i (I 6 = 1:5; VI 22 = 7:8 [2x], VI 23 = 9 [2x], VII 9 = 20, etc.)
and rv~'i (I 7 = 1:6; IX 4 = 9:14 [correction]; XIV 10 = 17:6 [correction]; XXXIV 7 =
41:4 etc.), n1~r (III 9 = 3:6; V 13 = 5:25; VIII 26 = 9:6 etc.) and n~H (114 = 1:12
[correction]; IX 7 = 9:16, IX 12 = 20 etc.), p~~ (XI 22 = 13:14; LI 8 = 63:11 [note
correction]) and 1~'~ (XVII 18 = 22:13 [correction]; XLIV 11 = 53:6; LI 8 = 63:11 [note
correction], etc.). It would appear that i~1:l should be included here as well, as it was
likely pronounced mod: i'~1:l (XXVIII 30 = 36:2; XXXII 9 = 38:17) and i~'1:l (XIII 23 =
16:6; XXXIX 26 = 47:6, XXXIX 29 = 47:9 etc.).
1.8 Defective Spellings (HDSS §100.21)

Broadly speaking, it is accurate to describe 1Qlsaa as characterized by plene (or
longer) spellings and 1Qlsab by defective (or shorter) spellings. Some of the details,
however, reveal a much more complicated state of affairs. There are many defective
spellings in 1Qlsaa as well as plene examples in 1Qlsab . The Qal active participle of the
regular verb with its historically-long 0 is a worthy candidate to demonstrate the
possibilities; the following chart is illustrative of the results:
Qal act ptcps plene defective m plene IlQ defective

1QIsa3 471 406 65 5
1QIsab 67 38 29 o
Given the normally conservative nature of 1Qlsab , it is surprising that 57% of the
Qal active participles in the m-like scroll are written plene. This detail is especially
notable given the fact that m is plene in only 24% of all occurrences. On the other
hand, in 1Qlsaa the Qal active participle is plene 86% of the time. While this figure
represents a clear preference for fuller forms, the spelling of the participle is not nearly
as consistent as the plene spellings of ~'" 'J'i~, n~,r/n1~r, or lrv,n (all 100%). It is of note
that 17 of the 65 defective participial forms are plural and therefore sure. Of the
remaining 48 occurrences-including the five where m has a plene form-in only 9 cases
does the context readily allow a solution other than the participle. At XIII 9 = 15:3 the
addition of the conjunctive waw to ii' might suggest that the form was to be read with
the previous "~'i1' as an imperfect. Other cases where the nature of the spelling might be
a clue to a variant are ~'P (XVI 28 = 21:11; for ~1j:?, d. a' 0' 8'), prv (XXVII 5 = 33:5;
perhaps 1~~?); 'l)' (XXXVIII 5 = 44:28; perhaps '.I,}''1., 'my friend'), Oip (XXXIX 5 =
46:1; for Ojj:?, d. (1), and ':;"l):J (XLV 1 = 54:5; '~''''~, 'your master', d. (1)(1:5). There are
two cases where m is plene and 1Qlsaa is defective that could be understood as perfects:
'Wi' (XXIII 26 = 29:15; DSSB, 'who has known us') and pprv (XXVII 4 = 33:4; DSSB,
'men have leapt'). Finally, a defective pe-yod verb rv,' (m rD-li') may be an imperfect
(LII 10 = 65:9; DSSB, 'he will inherit', but d. LLBIS 128).
In the end it is important to note that no ancient manuscript can be assumed to be
totally consistent; each case of variation-in this case a defective form in an otherwise
plene manuscript-must be examined on its own merits.
2. PHONOLOGY (LLBIS 452-518; HDSS §200)
2.1 Gutturals (LLBIS 505-511; HDSS §200.11)

The weakening of gutturals generated misspellings with some frequency among the
Dead Sea Scrolls. In the nonbiblical Qumran scrolls the tally is approximately 125
affected words. Among the biblical DSS the instances of variation brought about by the
weakening gutturals is unexpectedly a bit more pronounced, with approximately 200
occurrences in the smaller corpus. The phonological picture drawn by the data is,
however, quite similar. Underlining the rather unique character of 1Q Isa", it accounts
for 113 (63%) of these guttural 'misspellings"." Neither these statistics nor the following
discussions include incidents where a syllable final 'alep quiesces (see §1.5) or where he
is used as a mater lectionis (see §1.3).
2.11 >Alep (LLBIS 505)

In 1QIsaa the omission of consonantal 'alep occurs 21 times and then is replaced by
correction in 5 instances.? Thus ,':l,
at XIII 19 = 16:3 is a rendering of ~~':;liJ as in m.
The letter he stands for 'alep in 5 instances. The two occurrences of the spelling ii"il
(I 24 = 1:21; XII 13 = 14:12) for the particle il~'~ are probably to be placed here,
although the Aramaic form ~~'iJ (once il"il, see 4Q212 1 v 23) may have been an
influence.
The letter 'ayin replaces 'alep in 4 cases.f This is certainly the explanation of the two
=
instances of "11' at VI 3 6:9, where only "~l in m makes sense.
That there are no clear cases of het for 'alep in the entire nonbiblical corpus suggests
strongly that iQn at XXIII 27 =
29:16 is a real variant and should be read i91J (clay).
In addition, the weakened 'alep often (30x) changes position with the following 0 or
u vowel, acting then as a digraph rather than a consonant: examples are the frequent
occurrences of !:l~'J (see XII 24 =
14:22) for m !:l~~, and '~'Q (see XIII 23 16:6) for m =
,~~. There are four difficult forms which might also be explained by the shift with the
vowel, once the weakening of the 'alep is recognized: '~iP" at VII 22 = 8:4 (m ~ip), ''''~J
at XV 16 = 19:13 (m ""~iJ), ~,nQ' at XLVI 8 = 55:12 (m ~~I:!~~), and ~'ipn at L 2 = 61:6
rm ~~'Jp'l"1).
1QIsaa accounts for 67 of the 129 instances (52%) of 'alep misspellings among the
biblical scrolls. 1QIsa b has one occasion of omission which was corrected !:l'tZ7jl'ii[
(XXVIII 36 = 66:24), and one possible he for ralep: i~elJnil (XXIII = 49:3, m i~~t;1~),
where a third-person form makes little sense.
2.12 He (LLBIS 506)

In 1QIsaa a consonantal he is omitted on 12 occasions and then added back by
correction in 1 case.? A frequent victim of this omission is the he of the Hip'il infinitive
following a preposition, in both the nonbiblical (38x) and the biblical corpus (8x, all but
one in 1QIsaa): l1'QtZ1" at XLVII 26 = 58:4 (m ~tr,l~iJ7). Qimron is likely correct in his
6The remaining Isaiah scrolls account for 12 cases: lQIsab (6), 4QIsaa (1), 4QIsac (3), 4Qlsad (2).
713 times elsewhere with 9 corrections.
80nl y 2 elsewhere: 5QDeut I 4 (Deut 7:19), 4QSam a 5 ii-7 i 24 (2 Sam 15:3, corrected).
90nl y elsewhere in 8Q4 I 35 (Deut 11:16) and 4QSam a 61 i+62 8 (2 Sam 3:27).
assessment that this 'stems from a tendency to re-pattern the infinitive', since the
phenomenon never occurs with the conjunctive waw followed by a Hip' il form.
The letter 'alep stands in the place of he 15 times. In 10 of these the 'alep replaces
the he of the Hipil form: on six occasions with the imperative (112 = 1:10; XI 9 = 12:4;
= = = =
XVIII 5 23:1; XXX 25 37:20; XLII 18 51:4; and XLIV 24 54:2), three with the
=
perfect (XXXV 24 42:14; XLI 27 =
49:26; and XLVIII 25 =
59:14) and one infinitive
(LI 21 = 64:6). Thus, as an example, ')l1'rzm~ at XXX 25 = 37:20 should be understood
with m as the imperative rather than the imperfect. Likewise, 1Qlsa b also has one
possible occasion where consonantal 'alep stands in the place of he: ~,~,~ at XVIII 8 =
43:8 (m ~'~'i1).
Surprisingly, 'ayin replaces he once in 1QIsaa: c'c:no,\} (LI 16 = 64:1), although this
may be the original reading.
In all, 1Qlsaa accounts for 29 of the 37 instances (78%) of he misspellings among
the biblical scrolls. 1Qlsab has only the one possible case detailed above.
2.13 'Ayin (LLBIS 507)

In 1QIsaa the 'ayin is omitted on 7 occasions and then added back in correction 4
times (e.g. ,il,DtD, I 1 = 1:1). It is replaced by 'alep in 4 cases and corrected in 1 (.,~,,\}{~},
XXXVI 2 = 42:19). It is replaced by he in 1 instance (i1~OO XIII 17 = 16:1). These data
do not include the interchange of ~~ and ~11 which is understood here as lexical rather
than phonological.t?
The 'ayin stands apart from the 'alep and he in that it is replaced by het on 2
occasions, although neither case is clear. The first occurs in 1QIsab at XVI 3 = 38:14:
the scroll has i1ptDn (perhaps 'desire'?) for m i1p,~-t1 ('distress'), and the second in 1QIsaa
at XLV 10 = 54: 11: the scroll has rrme for m i1jp,b.
The weakness of pronunciation of 'ayin is demonstrated in the three occasions where
it quiesces like 'alep and reverses positions with the following vowel: 'n~l1'~' for 'l:17~=;l~
(XL 31 = 49:4), ilcn~,\},~ for C1l;17~~ (LII 6 = 65:7), and perhaps "'11~ for .,.l}~ (XIII 11 =
15:5).
The three cases of i1n~ for m ilnl1 in l Q'Isa- are especially troublesome. It is possible
at XXII 29 = 28:22 and LI 21 = 64:7 to read the personal pronoun, but this hardly
makes sense at IV 16 = 5:5.
In all, 1Qlsaa accounts for 16 of the 21 instances (76%) of 'ayin misspellings among
the biblical scrolls. 1Qlsab has only one possible case, as detailed above.
2.14lfet (LLBIS 506)

The het is omitted twice and then added back by correction on one occasion (i1p'rnm
IV 4 = 4:1), replaced by he on 5 occasions (i1."Ji1 IV 1 = 3:24), and replaced by 'ayin
once (O'l1!D XXXI 9 =
37:30). The misspellings involving het, though representing the
fewest instances of spelling errors among the gutturals, total nearly twice the number
that occur in all the nonbiblical scrolls. In the larger nonbiblical corpus there are only 8
errors, 4 of which are corrected. In all, 1Q'Isa" accounts for 8 of the 16 instances of het
misspellings among the biblical scrolls. 1Q'Isa> has none.
10See Kutscher, LLBIS, 404-405.

Although it is clear that there is widespread evidence of weakening and confusion

among the gutturals, the focus is clearly on 'alep and he; together these letters account
for 82% of all the evidence. The unique nature of lQIsaa is also highlighted by this
review; this scroll alone exhibits over 60% of misspellings found in the biblical corpus of
the Dead Sea Scrolls. The five guttural interchanges evidenced by 1QIsab account for
less than 3%.
2.2 Sibilants (LLBIS 185; HDSS §200.15)

The interchange between the sibilants samekh (s) and sin (s) is well known among
the nonbiblical Qumran manuscripts, where the shift of sin spelled with a samekh occurs
36 times and words with samekh are spelled with a sin on 11 occasions. There are no
clear cases where sin is involved as a variation. Among the biblical DSS there are only 8
variants that are explained by a shift from sin spelled with a samekh, with 3 occurring
in LQf sa": ,n~'Or:l (IV 17 = 5:5), ~,oni;l, (XXIV 23 = 30:14), and '~o (XLI 16 = 49:18).
There is one additional case where it appears that samekh may have originally been
written and then corrected: ,:JJtDr:l (XXVII 18 = 33:16). For the reverse, there are 11 cases
in the biblical DSS of samekh spelled with a sin that are contrary to m; 2 of those are in
I Of sa-: !:l'rD'JrDm (III 26 = 3:18) and ':Jl1rD (XLVII 4 = 57:5). As in the nonbiblical
manuscripts, there are no instances where sin is involved as a variant. There are no
examples of sibilant variation in 1QIsab .
3. MORPHOLOGY (LLBIS 39-52,315-365; 433-451; HDSS §300)
3.1 Verb
3.11 Perfect (HDSS §310.11)

3.111 The second person masculine singular perfect form (HDSS §310.11; LLBIS
440-41) in nn- is nearly the norm in the nonbiblical scrolls (495 of 539, or 92% of all
cases) and occurs frequently in the biblical scrolls as well (169 of 426, or 40%). In m the
percentage is much smaller (155 long of 1,846 possible forms, or 8%). In lQIsaa, 86%
(73 of 85) of the forms are long, whereas in l Qfsa" the lone long form (XXV 8 58:3 =
where m is short) of 13 accounts for only 8% of the total. Of the 25 largest biblical
scrolls only 11QPsa is more consistent (10 of 10) than lQIsaa.
3.112 The second person feminine singular perfect form in -n- occurs in 18 of 30
instances in 1QIsaa, and elsewhere in the biblical manuscripts only in 1QIsab (XX 20 =
47:7 'n,~r) and 4QJer c 47-54 11 (Jer 31:21 'n:;?[il). The form never occurs in the
nonbiblical scrolls. It is of note that 5 of the 11 occurrences of second person feminine
singular perfects in Samaritan Pentateuch are spelled in this way (Cen 3: 13; 16:8;
18:15; 30:15; Num 22:29), as well as 14 instances in the m books of Jeremiah, Ezekiel,
Ruth, and Song of Songs (Jer 2:34; Ezek 16:13, 18-19, 22, 31,43,47,51,58; Ruth
3:4; Song 4:9). Although some have argued that this is an ancient Hebrew form.l ! it
would appear that the nature of the evidence-documents and texts characterized by
LBH-suggests that Kutscher was correct in positing an Aramaic influence (see LLBIS
189 and DSSCS §171).
11P. lotion and T. Muraoka, A Grammar of Biblical Hebrew (Roma: Editrice Pontificio Istituto Bib1ico, 1993), 132.
3.12 Imperfect (HDSS §31O.121)

3.121 'Cohortative' (HDSS §310.122; QH 154-155) - The so-called cohortative
form of the imperfect is quite common in the nonbiblical Qumran texts-fully 45% of all
possible instances-whereas the form accounts for only 27% of first person forms in m.
A comparative increase might be expected among the biblical scrolls, but at 31% (171
of 556) the scribes do not at first glance appear to be overly influenced by this LBH
trend. When the actual parallel passages are checked, however, there is a net gain of 33
long forms (56 gained and 23 lost) over the 138 present in m, a 24% gain in the
passages concerned. 1QIsaa accounts for 19 of these (31 gains and 12 losses), and,
unexpectedly, 1Q Isab for 5 (6 gains and 1 loss) .12 These increases represent 54% and
167% gains over m and suggest that the scribes were influenced by this shift. Only
4QXIIe (4 additions) and 11 QPsa (7 additions) show a comparable impact from this
LBH pattern.
3.122 Qat 'pausal forms' (HDSS· §311.13, QH 155) - The so-called 'pausal' forms
of the imperfect, which characterize the Qumran non biblical manuscripts (over 170
examples), are quite prevalent in l Qfsa» but are entirely lacking from 1QIsab. Of the 93
instances of this inflection in the DSS biblical manuscripts, fully 66 (71 %) are evidenced
by 1QIsaa. Only 11 QPsa is as consistent (12x). As Saenz-Badiltos posits, 'The
orthography here clearly indicates a tradition at variance with the Tiberian but with
certain similarities to Samaritan Hebrew and to the Greek transcriptions. The
phenomenon could be due, at least in part to penultimate stress .. .' (LDSS 142-43).
Characteristic forms include the 'strong verb' ,,,,tDr.:l' (III 7 = 3:4), the pe-nun verb ,,,,~,
(IV 2 = 3:25), the 'cohortative' i1t!l'ptD~ (XIV 28 = 18:4), and suffixed forms 'j",~~n
(XXVI 6 =
31 :8). Inflections such as 'i1tDi'" (l QS VI 14) only occur in the hyper-
correction m"::J'.I1' (XXVIII 24 = 35:8). For other corrections see inii.;fn (XIV 17 17:10) =
and ,"bn' (XXIV 23 = 30:14).
3.13 Imperative
3.131 Qal (§311.14) There are but 11 'pausal' inflections (''''t!lP) of the Qat
imperative among the nonbiblical manuscripts from Qumran (e.g. rrcr, 1QM XVII 2).
The biblical manuscripts, however, preserve 44 examples, with the 30 (68%) in 1QIsaa
and the 5 in 11 QPsa again accounting for the majority of occurrences. There are no
occurrences in 1Qfsa>. Characteristic forms are 'tD'i' (I 20 = 1: 17), '~'tDn (XXXIX 21 =
47:2), 'i::J'.I1 (XVIII 10 = 23:6), i1j't!l'~ (IV 15 = 5:3), and the corrections ~i1::Jn':> (XXIV 15
= 30:8) and ",~ (XXXIII 9 = 40:9).
3.2 Pronouns - Independent and Suffixed (LLBIS 45-52,433-451; HDSS §320)
3.21 First person singular (HDSS §100.51)

The first person singular suffix reveals one significant variant: in 34 instances where
m of Isaiah has '- (of 317 occurrences) 'l Ql sa'' has the digraph ~'- (e.g. ~'::Jin XXVIII 5
= 34:5). It is perhaps significant that all of these occur in the second half of the book
(see §1.7 and §6).
12As well as 11 instances for lQIsaa and 1 for lQIsab where m uses thecohortative but the scroll does not.
3.22 Second person (HDSS §321.12)

3.221 Masculine singular - The second masculine singular independent pronoun is
iln~ everywhere in lQlsaa and 'l Q'Isa!', as in m. The suffixed form, however, is most
usually il:>- in 1Q'Isa« (230 of 352 occurrences). Of these, only 18 occur in columns 1-
XXVII of the scroll (see §6), whereas the second half of the scroll is nearly consistent
with 213 of 233 possible instances of the suffix (91%). lQIsa b , with m, always has 1-.
The longer spelling is preferred in 75% of the occurrences in the non biblical
manuscripts. Among the biblical manuscripts the overall percentage is 29% (m is less
than 1%). Two factors are of importance. First, the longer suffix occurs 229 of 242
times in 11QPsa. Second, the longer spelling is used without exception in a group of
tefillin and mezuzot (4Q128, 4Q129, 4Q13S, 4Q137, 4Q138, 4Q139, 4Q140, 4Q141,
4Q142, 4Q143, 4Q144, 4Q149) which are all characterized by the inclusion of sections
that are in conflict with the rabbinic maxim.
3.222 Feminine singular - lQlsaa preserves 'n~, the long form of the pronoun, in
three instances: XLII 24 = 51:9, XLII 25 = 10, XLII 28 = 12. This form is found on
seven occasions in m as the ketib: judg 17:2; 1 Kgs 14:2; 2 Kgs 4:16,23; 8:1; Jer 4:30;
and Ezek 36:13. It is also found in the SP of Genesis (Gen 12:11, 13; 24:23,47, 60;
39:9), and in one questionable occasion in the Qumran nonbiblical corpus: 4Q223-224 2
ii 11. It is not clear whether this represents an archaic Hebrew form or an LBH reflection
of Aramaic.
The majority form of the second feminine singular pronominal suffix in the biblical
scrolls is 1- (451). There are 217 occasions of simple 1- in lQlsaa and 80 in lQlsa b .
1Q'Isa-, however, also preserves 27 instances of the longer suffix ,,- (I 25 = 1:23, etc.)
that Qimron (HDSS §322.12) describes as an indication of Aramaic influence. The only
other examples of this long suffix among the DSS biblical manuscripts can be found at
Ps 116:19 (4QPs b 28 i 18) and Lam 1:12 (4QLam III 2). Note the 15 instances in m
(2 Kgs 4:2-3, 7; Jer 11:15; Ps 103:3-5; 116:7, 19; 135:9; 137:6; the 2 Kings occur-
rences are ketib), the 1 instance in SP (Gen 21 :17), and the 5 instances in Qumran
nonbiblical manuscripts (4Q88 VIII 13; 4Q161 5-6 7; 4Q176 8-11 6-7; 50 1).
3.223 Masculine plural (HDSS §321.15, §322.17) - The long form of the second
masculine plural pronoun, ilon~, is found in all 17 occurrences in 1QIsaa; 1Qlsa b has
none. Of the remaining 11 long forms extant in the rest of the biblical corpus, 6 occur-
with no short forms-in the conflict tefillin (4Q128, 4Q129, 4Q138, 4Ql40, 4Q144).
The long suffix of the second masculine plural suffix, ilO'-, does not occur at all in
m. It is extant in approximately one-third of the cases in nonbiblical manuscripts from
Qumran and occurs 194 times in biblical manuscripts from the Dead Sea out of 896
possible instances. Of these, 101 occurrences are in 1Q'Isa" (52%) and none in 1Qlsa b .
In the first half of lQlsaa the rate of occurrence of the long form is 28% (16 of 58),
while in the second half the rate is 92% (85 of 92). Of the remaining 93 long forms in
the biblical corpus, 56 occur in conflict tefillin (4Q128, 4Q129, 4Q137, 4Q138, 4Q139,
4Q140, 4Q141, 4Q144).
3.23 Third person singular (HDSS §321.13, §322.141, §322.142, §322.144)

3.231 Masculine (HDSS §321.13; QH 156-58) - Of the 51 occurrences of the long
form (iT~'iT) of the third masculine singular pronoun in the corpus of the biblical DSS,
30 are found in 1QIsaa, all in the second half of the manuscript. This form is unique to
Qumran Hebrew. Of the 97 occurrences of the third masculine singular pronoun in
1QIsaa, there are no long forms among the 65 in the first half of the scroll, but no less
than 30 out of 32 in the second half; see §6 below.
The third masculine singular pronominal suffix (H D S S §322 .141, §322 .144) is
extant a total of 691 times in 1QIsaa; 111 of these reveal a variation when compared to
m. This is a 16% rate of variation and suggests that there was pressure on the scribe to
alter the text he was copying due to his native tongue. In addition to the normal third
masculine singular suffixes 1-, 1J- and 1iT-, there are the two non-standard forms: 1'- with
singular nouns and the Aramaic suffix 'iT1- with plural nouns.
The suffix 1'- (HDSS §322.141; QH 150, 153), normally occurring with plural
forms, is attested as many as 46 times with the singular among the biblical manuscripts,
all but one (1'n~, 'him', 4QLev b 1-7 20, Lev 1:17) in 1Ql sas. This combination was,
according to Kutscher, pronounced 0, as is the case with simple 1-. A clear example from
1QIsaa is iT'1~J 1'i' ('outstretched hand'), which occurs five times (V 14 = 5:25; IX 1 =
9:11, IX 7 = 9:16, IX 13 = 9:20; IX 18 = 10:4). Among other compelling examples is the
title for God: 1'i;l~m ('its Redeemer'), the reference to Esarhadon the son of Sennacherib
(1'JJ), and God's instruction (1'nimJ). Qimron points to 1'J01~ ('his guardian', 1QHa
XV 25) as a nonbiblical example. Since this evidence demonstrates that 1'- and 1- could
be pronounced the same, cases of the reverse might also be found. These will necessarily
remain ambiguous. The waw in variant spellings such as 1rzm ('his oppressors') might
also have been pronounced o. Of course, such examples might also be explained as
'real' variants (singular) or as defective orthography (1·;). The form 1iT1i;l~ (VIII 13 =
8:19, VIII 15 = 21; XXIII 3 = 28:26; XLVII 24 = 58:2; all 1'iji;l~ in m) serves as a good
example with which to illustrate the range of possibilities. Is the scroll's spelling to be
pronounced iiTii;l~? Is this then to be understood as the third masculine singular suffix
with the singular iJi~~ or simply as an example of defective spelling with the plural l:I'i'r~~
(i.e. 1vi~~)?
The Aramaic suffix 'iT1- (HDSS §322.144) occurs 5 times in l Q'Isa'', 4 of these with
plural nouns and 1 with a preposition ('iT1i;lJ), 'upon it', II 9 = 2:2); it does not occur
elsewhere in the biblical scrolls apart from the Aramaic portion of Daniel. No DJD
edition has recognized this suffix in the nonbiblical scrolls, but Qimron suggests eight
examples: 1QS V 5 ('iT1J',I]1), 11 ('iT1p1nJ), 25 ('iT1iT1~~); VI 13 ('iT1~)i), 26 ('iT1J:Ji;l); VI II 8
('iTm1'10'); 1QpHab XII 11 ('iT1~,I]), and 4Q175 21 ('i11m~i1nJ). With the completed
publication of the Hebrew corpus, perhaps four additional occurrences should be
recognized: 'iT1JtD[O at 4Q401 3 4 (rather than 1iT'JtDO), 'iT1n1"~[1~ 4Q523 1-2 9 (rather than
1iT'n1"~1~), ]'iT1J:J at 4Q525 2 iii 4 (rather than]1iT'J:J), and 'iT1n1~[i;l:JJ at 11 Q17 3 7 (rather
than 1iT'm~~:JJ).
Similarly, there are also 11 cases in 1Q Isas of verbs ending in waw where the suffix
third masculine singular suffix takes the form -n-. See 'i11~JO' (XXXIX 12 = 46:7).
Kutscher comments that 'The Bible does not have such forms with the verb' (LLBIS
214). The suffix is found with Aramaic plural perfect forms in m (e.g. 'iJ~i;l:;liJl, Dan
4:20). It is also found in Qumran Aramaic, 'iT1n'tD1 (4Q530 2 ii+6-12[?] 21), and in the
Targums, 'iJ~P=;J~l (Gen 19:16, Targum Onkelos).
1iT- is the suffix that is normally used in m with nouns whose root ends in he (see
jouon-Muraoka 289; HDSS §322.142), verbal forms ending in waw, and, on occasion,
with verbal forms ending in yod (~il'I:11'?' N urn 11: 12). However, in the non biblical
Qumran scrolls 'il- becomes the normal form of the third masculine singular suffix when
attached to words such as il~, :lt~, and nt$, occurring in 122 of 164 instances (74%). In
~ this suffix is used in only 33 of 421 of such cases (8%). In the DSS biblical texts the
longer suffix is used in 10 of 53 instances (19%), showing influence of this shift. Seven
of these are found in 1Qlsaa (III 8 = 3:6; XXVIII 17 = 34:16; XXXIV 9 = 41:6;
XXXVIII 19 = 45:13; XLIV 13, 14 = 53:7 [2x], XLIV 17 = 9), and one in 1Qlsab
(XXIII 17 = 53:7). In the second half of 'l Q'Isa" there is also a notable increase in the
use of this suffix on verbal forms ending in yod (XXXVI 16 = 43:7 [3x]; XL 20 = 48:15;
=
XLII 15 51:2, XLIII 12 = 23; XLV 23 = =
55:4; XLVII 19 57:19). Qimron's comment
that this longer suffix 'universally replaces' the shorter form in the biblical manuscripts
is, however, an overstatement.
There are seven instances where the third masculine singular suffix is spelled with
the digraph i11-, all in the latter half of the book: XXX 2 = 36:21; XXXIII 11 = 40:11;
=
XXXVII 18 44:12; XLIV 19 = 53:11; XLIX 3 = =
59:19; L 20 62:8; and L 27 = 63:1.
This is either evidence of an archaic form of the third masculine singular suffix written
with he, such as ii~il~ (Gen 9:21), or more likely the influence of the plene spelling of
words such as m:;) (m ilj, see LLBIS 183-84). Of the occurrences apart from 1Qlsaa, it
is noteworthy that all six are found in tefillin manuscripts: Exod 12:43 (4Q128 1 45),
12:44 (4Q128 1 46); 13:3 (4Q140 1 9); Deut 5:14 (4Q137 1 20), 10:18 (4Q138 1 5), and
10:20 (4Q138 1 6). These particular tefillin are each characterized by passages which are
in conflict with the rabbinical injunction. In addition, see the nonbiblical Qumran
manuscripts for nine occurrences: 4Q219 I 37; II 21, 29, 32, 34; 4Q274 3 ii 8; 4Q321a V 5;
4Q3794 4; and 4Q40S 23 ii 3.
In what is likely a parallel development to the spelling with he and perhaps
influenced by the spelling of the negative particle, ~,~, the third masculine singular suffix
is also written in 'l QIsae with the digraph 'alep (HDSS §100.51) in 17 of 75 instances
of the suffix with the prepositions ~ and a (III 16 = 3:11, etc.). In three instance the
digraph-suffix also occurs with the short words 0.11 (XLIII 10 = 51:22; LI 7 = 63:11)
and ~~ (XXXVI 7 = 42:25). This spelling occurs only 6 times in the rest of the biblical
corpus-once in the conflict tefillin 4Q140 and 5 times in 4QSamC-but in 142 instances
among the nonbiblical Qumran scrolls, in every case with ~ (9) and :J (133).
3.232 Feminine (HDSS §321.13; QH 156-57) - Of the 13 occurrences of the long
form (il~'il) of the third feminine singular pronoun in the corpus of the biblical DSS, 5
are found in 1Q Isa-. This form is unique to Qumran Hebrew. Of the 15 occurrences of
the third feminine singular pronoun in the scroll, there are no long forms among the 6 in
the first half of the scroll, but 5 long forms among the 9 in the second half; see §6 below.
3.24 Third person plural

3.241 Third person masculine plural (§321.16, §322.18) - The long form of the
pronoun (non) is regular throughout 1QIsa-, occurring 22 times. The only possible
uncertainty is the difficult text at XXIV 14 = 30:7, Oi'i:Jili, where the spacing suggests
that the scribe understood Oil as part of a name. Only ten of the occurrences are at
=
variance with m of Isaiah (I 3 = 1:2; XXXI 20 = 38:1; XLI 21 49:21; XLVII 5 = 57:6;
L 7 = 61 :9; LIII 7 = 65:24; LIII 18 = 66:5), which also exhibits the long form more
than half of the time. 1QIsa b preserves the third masculine plural pronoun five times,
twice short where m has a long form (XXIV 29 = 56:11; XXVIII 7 = 65:23), once long
where m has a short form (XXVIII 7 = 65:24), and agreeing twice when both the scroll
and mare long (XXVII 17 = 63:8; XXVIII 12 = 66:3).
3.242 Third person feminine plural (HDSS §321.16) - The feminine plural rurt
only occurs twice in m, at 41:22 and 51:19. In the latter case (XLIII 7 = 51:19) the
scroll has the masculine (i10i1 o'nlD). Although Qimron speculates that the masculine
could also stand for the feminine, in light of the occurrence XXXIV 28 = 41 :22 it is more
likely a grammatical error.
3.3 Locative he (LLBIS 413, HDSS §340)

Qimron states that 'the he of direction lost its syntactical function in DSS Hebrew',
acting instead as a component of 'locative expressions'. A survey of usage in the
nonbiblical manuscripts validates this determination, since the only truly directive
instance is the doubtful reading lii[i'l!b~ (4Q364 1a-b 1). The he instead combines
regularly with adverbs such as OlD, ~.l10, rm, and nnn. Qirnron also categorizes the
curious form i1"~O here (33 occurrences). As compared to m, 1QIsaa adds this locative
he in 23 instances (e.g. i1~.uoo at V 22 = 6:2) and lacks it in 1 (:Ji.l100' at XXXVIII 12 =
45:6). The directive he is lost in 5 cases (e.g. ri~ at VIII 17 = 8:23) and added once (i1l'1,.l1
at X 15 = 10:28). 1QIsab has no variation. Other biblical scrolls of similar character are
11QPsa, 4QNumb , and the conflict tefillin 4Q128, 4Q137, and 4Q138.
3.4 Paragogic nun (HDSS §310.127)

Qimron notes that 'the ancient plural afformative p- is practically unused', and as a
result of this, 'the biblical texts from Qumran differ from m in the use of this form; in
most cases they prefer the form ,- (even where m has p-)'. In this overstatement Qimron
was to a degree reflecting lQIsaa, which lacks 11 of the 38 instances in m (e.g. 'io~n at
VIlIs = 8:12) but adds 2 (the curious perfect pi;:ltD at XXIII 17 = 29:9 and p~ipn at
XXXIV 28 = 41 :22), for a net of 29 remaining cases. 1QIsab adds 2, with none lacking
(p~~n at XXIV 12 = 55:12 and PitD:J' at XXVI 10 = 60:6). Elsewhere, the biblical scrolls
lack 15 but add 12. It is noteworthy that the 11 instances of the lack of nun in lQIsaa
are distributed unevenly in the scroll: only 1 case in the first half and 10 in the second
(see §6).
4. SYNTAX (HDSS §400)

4.1 Conjunction waw (LLBIS 414-429)
The conjunction waw alone accounts for 349 variations in 1QIsaa and 29 in the
smaller 1QIsa b ; 1QIsaa in and of itself contains 45% of the corpus-wide total of
approximately 800 variations involving waw. More than any other feature-other than
orthography-variations in the use of waw give evidence to the scribal freedom exercised
in the late Second Temple period. Corpus-wide, the addition, rather than omission, of
the waw makes up the larger share of the total number of variations (60%). However,
when 1QIsaa-which has a significantly higher incidence of additions (72%, or 250 of
the 349 waw variations)-is set aside, the frequency drops to 52%, virtually the same
number gained (229) as lost (212). 1QIsab is closer to the overall norm (55% added, 16
of 29 variations).
A full treatment of this phenomenon has as yet not been published but several foci
are evident.U The verbal system reflects nearly half of all variations in 1QIsaa (161)
with additions dominating (115). The waw is added to nearly every verbal form, with
the imperfect shift to waw+imperfect (46 times, see ~(D" at III 10 = 3:7) and imperfect to
waw+perfect (21, see '~::l" at X 2S =
11:7) garnering the focus of scribal attention.
A pattern that is quite evident, especially in 1QIsaa, is the penchant for adding waw
before the particle ~L;l. This pattern occurs on 33 occasions in the larger scroll (e.g. II 13
= 2:4) while the reverse is found only twice (XL 12 = 48:6 and XL 12 = 48:7). This
tendency is somewhat evident in the rest of the biblical manuscripts; although with 21
additions and 17 losses, it is not nearly so striking. 1QIsa b has two additions (XXI 3 =
48:18 and XXV 10 = 58:4) as opposed to one loss (XXV 9 = 58:3).
The variations of waw suggest a certain prosaic tendency in 1Q'Isa" (see XI 17 =
13:8), since the scribe adds waw 83 times in poetic passages while omitting 43. 14 It is
often difficult, however, to determine whether the scribe was motivated by a desire to
make poetry read more like prose, or whether he was pressed by other factors, e.g. the
inclination to add a waw before verbs or the negative particle, as discussed above. In
addition, the 43 omissions hardly evidence a consistent program. Another factor in
favour of some prosaic tendency in 1Q Isaa is the 52 additions of the definite article
(LLBIS 411) as opposed to 28 omissions, 18 additions of the nota accusativi (na,
LLBIS 412) against only 3 losses, and 35 additional prepositions (LLBIS 403-410)
versus only 3 deductions. This pattern requires further study.
4.2 Verbal system (LDSS 144)

A change that has yet to attract the study it deserves is the variation in use of the
verb among the nonbiblical manuscripts. Generally, these changes are modest. A
comprehensive review reveals that the total variation in the verbal system is a little more
than 2.5% of the whole.lf When compared to an approximated 6% rate of real variants
in the nonbiblical corpus-i.e. variations apart from orthography, phonology, or
morphology-verbal syntax actually appears relatively stable.l" It is noteworthy in this
context, however, that 1QIsaa accounts for 272 verbal variants, or 58% of the verbal
variation in the DSS biblical manuscripts, at a rate of 6.2% of all verbs. These are
spread fairly equally over the manuscript, 126 in the first half and 146 in the second.
Only four other manuscripts show such a degree of verbal variance: 4QPs f , 4QPsa,
11 QPsc, and 4QJob a. 1QIsa b is again on the lower end of the spectrum with a total of
17 verbal variants, a rate of only 1.4% of all verbs.
As there are 47 different permutations of variation, only three of the most
noteworthy can be mentioned here. First, given the fact that the use of the so-called
waw-consecutive or preterite (wayyiqtol) was declining dramatically in this period-by
13See J. Jacobs, 'A Comprehensive Analysis of the Conjunction Waw in the Biblical Dead Sea Scrolls: Variants
and Their Implications' (M.A. thesis, Trinity Western University, 2008).
14Jacobs, 'Comprehensive Analysis'.
1S470 variations among 18,690 verbs.
16At this point in the preparation of the biblical database we have accounted for approximately 6,000 'real'
variants in the corpus ofjust under 100,000 total words.
the time of the Mishnah it is not used at all aside from biblical quotations-it is
noteworthy that only 14 variants might be explained by this influence. Six of these are
replaced by waw plus the unconverted-perfect (see ~"p' at VIII 24 = 9:5) and 5 with a
simple imperfect (see nlD' at V 1 = 5:15). The remaining 3 instances are divided among
shifts to the simple perfect (~i1'il at XI 8 = 12:2), to waw plus the simple imperfect ("£)rD"
at V 1 = 5:15), and to the participle (~.v,', at XXXVII 18 = 44:12). When combined,
these amount to a 5.7% reduction in the number of waw consecutives, but clearly the
cause is as much interpretive (arguably 7 of the 14 cases) as it is evidence of a decline in
the preterite form. It is also worthy of mention that there are 6 variations towards the
preterite form (e.g. 'il""n', at XLIV 17 = 53: 10). Saenz-Badillos' conclusion that 'The
continued use of waw-consecutive with the prefix-conjugation (less often with the suffix-
conjugation) lends an air of antiquity', appears justified. 17
1Qlsaa does, however, exhibit a more significant degree of variation involving the
waw-consecutive with the suffix conjugation. Of the approximately 450 occurrences in m
of Isaiah, 1Qlsaa reveals 40 deviations (9%), a shift to waw plus the simple imperfect
being the most common, with 25 occurrences (e.g. nlD" at II 19 = 2:11). Conversely,
however, there are 47 verbal variations which result in a waw plus perfect combination,
only 28 of these are consecutive (e.g. '~::1'" at X 25 = 11 :7), while 19 are simple waw plus
the perfect (e.g. ~"p' at VIII 24 = 9:5). The size of this latter group serves to underline
Saenz-Badillos' conclusion that the consecutive occurs 'less often with the suffix-
conjugation' in the biblical manuscripts.l"
Waw plus the simple imperfect (w<Jyiqtol) accounts for only 3% of the verbal system
in m but doubles to 6% in the Qumran nonbiblical manuscripts.J? This notable shift is
paralleled by a 21 % corpus-wide increase-as compared to m-in this combination
among the DSS biblical manuscripts.J? Nearly 75% of these instances occur in lQlsaa
(79 gained and 14 lost), which exhibits an approximately 40% increase over m of Isaiah
(l59 occurrences). This escalation is likely to be accounted for by three factors: the
overall increase in the use of the conjunctive waw in general (§4.1), a decrease in the use
of the perfect consecutive (as noted above), and likely the diminished use of the waw
with the simple imperfect to impart a telic sense.
4.3 Impersonal Construction (LLBIS 401-403; AMSQH 200-201)

1Qlsaa shows a distinct preference (l7x) for the third person plural Qal in the place
of a singular passive (Qal passive, Ptral, Niph'al) stem, effectively replacing one type of
impersonal construction with another. The most common context concerns the Qal third
masculine plural of ~.,p for the Niphal singular (II 1 = 1:26; XII 21 = 14:20; XXVI 13 =
32:5; XXVIII 24 = 35:8; L 14 = 62:4, L 26 = 12) or Pual singular (passive Qal?: XL 14
= 48:8; XLVIII 7 = 58:12; XLIX 28 = 61:3; L 12 = 62:2). These occurrences in l O'lsas,
the one case in 1Qlsab (,np" at XXIII 18 = 53:8), and 4Qlsae (,,::1.v at 20-22 3 = 14:3)
17Saenz-Badillos, LDSS, 144.

18Saenz-Badillos, LDSS, 144.
t 9Abegg, 'Hebrew', 337. There are 409 instances in mwhich are paralleled by DSS biblical manuscripts. In 28
instances the waw plus the imperfect is altered, but in 115 more it is added, for a net total of 496 instances.
20The instances of waw plus the imperfect in m of passages parallelled by the DSS biblical scrolls are 353, to
which 114 have been added by variation.
rather curiously account for every incident of this type of variation among the biblical
manuscripts.
4.4 Infinitive construct with lamed (LLBIS, 41)

Kutscher notes the 'marked tendency' in 1Qlsaa to introduce the infinitive construct
with the proclitic lamed. Although we might have expected more, there are 14 variants
of this nature in the biblical corpus, 8 of which occur in 'l Q'Isa'' (0'0.,,, I 15 = 1:12, I 15
= 1:13; VII 22 = = =
8:4; XXII 14 28:12; XXIV 16 30:9; XXXVI 7 42:24; XXXIX 31 = =
47:11; and XLVII 20 = 57:20). There are also 3 infinitives without the lamed against m;
=
one of these is found in 1Qlsaa (.,.11:::l IV 17 5:5).
S. VOCABULARY (HDSS §500.1)

5.1 Personal Names (LLBIS 3-5, 96-125)
The personal names in 1Qlsaa are consistent with Late Biblical Hebrew spellings.
There are eight names in the book of Isaiah that display the theophoric lil- suffix in m:
'il~Pri1 (32x), 1i1~.11lV~ (l6x), 'il~"O" (5x), 'il~P"il (3x), 1i1~r.11 (3x), 'il~":Jr (Lx), 'il~:J":::l~ (lx),
=
and 'il'pm' (lx). With but 2 exceptions ('il'.lIlV~ at I 1 1: 1 and 'il'.11lV' in the correction at
XXXII 14 = 38:21) these are spelled with the simple ending il:- in 1QIsaa, in keeping
with post-exilic patterns. 1Q Isas also exhibits the LBH spellings of !:l'''lV'." (34 of 50
instances), rather than !:l"lV'"'' and "" (all 8 occurrences) is preferred over ",. l Q'Isa''
also favours prvo." with the Chronicler (e.g. 1 Chr 18:5) over the earlier spelling of prvo,
(2 Sam 8:5). And finally, the LBH gentilic plural forms !:l"nlV"!) (XI 3 11:14), !:l"'lV:J =
(e.g. XI 27 = 13:19), and !:l"n:J (XVIII 6 = 23:1) are favoured over the classical forms:
!:l'nlV"!), !:l',rv:J, and !:l'n:J. 1Qlsab in every case agrees with m.
5.2 Divine Names

There is a notable degree of variation among the names for God in 1Q Isa-.
Although there are 12 permutations of variation, totalling 30 cases, only two show a
significant focus: 8 of the 26 occurrences of simple ')'~ in m are represented by iliil' in
1Ql saa (e.g. i11il' at VI 6 = 6:11), and 7 of the 25 cases of the compound rrrr ,),t' in m
are represented by simple i11il' in 1Q'Isa- (e.g. i11il' at XXII 30 = 28:22). These two
replacement patterns also exhibit a majority of the corrections, all in the direction of m:
2 cases for ')'~ (e.g. III 25 = =
3:18; VII 27 8:7) and 4 for il'il' ')'~ (e.g. III 20 3:15; =
XXII 20 =28:16; XXIV 25 =
30:15; LII 18 =
65:13).21 Although the 30 occurrences of
variation in 1Q'Isa" may defy a unified explanation, the phenomenon is almost certainly
related in part to the scribe's vocalization of the tetragrammaton as 'adiindy ; and thus his
propensity to replace ')'~ with rrrr. 22
Two instances of a type of divine-name variation within ancient corrections provide
a clue to a relationship between of 1Q'Isa" and other scrolls found in the Qumran caves.
At XXXIII 7 = 40:7 and possibly XXXV 15 = 42:6, rrrr is represented by the corrector
with the tetrapuncta (i.e. four dots in place of the Tetragramamaton). The correcting
21See m~~ iT1iT' (lQIsa') for rrrr (m) at 19:12 as the only other correction.
22M. Burrows, 'Variant Readings in the Isaiah Manuscript (continued)', RASOR 113 (1949) 24-32.
DISCOVERIES IN THE JUDAEAN DESERT XXXII
hand appears to be the same scribe who copied 4QSam c (see the tetrapuncta once at
1 Sam 25:31 and twice at 2 Sam 15:8), lQS (see VIII 14) and 4Q175 (line 1).23
6. EVIDENCE FOR BIFURCATION OF lQIsa a (LLBIS 564--66)

The scroll evidences a bifurcation between columns XXVII and XXVIII that
corresponds with the end of Isaiah chapter 33. 24 The physical evidence for this is
threefold. First, and most obvious, is the three-line lacuna at the bottom of column
XXVII. Second, the sheet of leather on which columns XXVI-XXVII are written is
significantly narrower than any other in the scroll, except for the last, that containing
columns LIII-LIV. Third, columns XXVII-XXVIII are noticeably narrower than most
others in the scroll. In short, the evidence suggests that the scribe of 1 Qf sa" took
considerable pains to end chapter 33 at the bottom of column XXVI I.
Although Kutscher correctly defended the position that only one scribe copied the
entire scroll, the linguistic features provide clear evidence of bifurcation. A notable
increase in orthographic and morphological variation begins at col. XXVI II and
continues to the end of the scroll. There are numerous specific indicators of this
phenomenon, but eight characteristics already mentioned above are useful in way of
demonstration.
(1) Whereas the long second masculine singular pronominal suffix il'- accounts for
15% of the forms in the first half of the scroll (18 of 119), it is found in 91 % (213 of
233) in the latter half.
(2) The long second masculine plural suffix has a similar distribution: 28% in the
first half (16 of 58) and 92% (85 of 92) in the second.
(3) The long spelling of the second masculine plural perfect verb (ilr.m'?C!lp) occurs in
24% (4 of 17) of the cases in the first half of the scroll and 100% of the occurrences in
the second half (13 of 13).
(4) The long form of the third masculine singular independent pronoun is not found
at all in the 65 instances of the first half, but it occurs in 94% of cases in the second half
(30 of 32).
(5) The particle " is spelled with an 'alep as a digraph in 22% of occurrences (36 of
164) in the first half but in 98% (164 of 168) in the second.
(6) Likewise, 'alep added as a digraph to the first common singular pronominal
suffix is found not at all in the first half of the scroll in 164 cases, but in the second half
it occurs 34 times of 333 cases.
(7) Jerusalem is spelled t:l''?rv'i' in 38% (9 of 24) of cases in chapters 1-33 but in 96%
(25 of 26) in chapters 34--66.
(8) Finally, the paragogic nun is lacking in comparison with m in only 1 instance (of
18 in m) in the first half of the scroll but in 10 instances (of 21 in m) in the second half.
In essence, the scroll displays in the second half a higher percentage of spellings and
forms which are common in the nonbiblical manuscripts from Qumran. Why this is-
23E. Ulrich, 'The Absence of "Sectarian Variants'", in The Bible as Book: The Hebrew Bible and the Judaean
Desert Discoveries (ed. E. D. Herbert and E. Tov; London: The British Library & Oak Knoll Press, 2002) 187-88.
24 1 am indebted to my graduate assistant, Benjamin Parker, who alerted me to many of the details in this section.
perhaps the scribe (or his source text) used one manuscript for copying the first half
and a different one for the second half-we may never fully know.
7. ARAMAIC INFLUENCE IN lQIsa a (LLBIS 20-29)

E. Y. Kutscher was convinced he could detect the influence of Aramaic on the language
of 1QIsaa: 'Our scribe, whose mother tongue seems to have been Aramaic, and who
was undoubtedly familiar with the Aramaic literature of his day, now and again
inadvertently grafted Aramaic forms upon the Hebrew text' (LLBIS 24). Kutscher's
student, E. Qimron, is less forceful as he describes Qumran Hebrew more generally, but
clearly with LQ'Isa" in mind: 'Aramaic influences exist, but not to the extent assumed by
Kutscher' (HDSS 116). Qimron's conclusion is also the position taken in this study.
Issues of orthography (e.g. ~,~ to differentiate from Aramaic ~() and inflection (e.g. the
imperative '~'C!lp) are more convincingly explained by Hebrew orthographic development
and non-Tiberian inflectional patterns.
There are, nonetheless, evidences that might best be explained by Aramaic influence.
The following four are the most unmistakable:
(1) The very first verse includes a correction by the original scribe that evidences
Aramaic influence: '0", supported by a second '0" at XXXII 2 (38:10). The remaining
150 occurrences of this inflection are Hebrew: '0'.
(2) The second feminine singular Aramaic suffix ',- is found in 27 of 245 cases
(HDSS §322.12b).
(3) The third masculine singular Aramaic suffix -m- occurs 16 times in 1Q Isaa and
nowhere else in the biblical corpus apart from the Aramaic sections of Daniel and Ezra.
(4) Second feminine singular perfect forms such as 'nn,rv (XIV 15 = 17:10 and 17x)
have been explained as a reflection of an ancient norm (Joiion-Muraoka, 132) but,
given the Second Temple date of texts that form the focus of occurrences, it seems better
to conclude with Kutscher (LLBIS 135, 142) that they 'are more likely to be Aramaisms
than archaisms'.
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(1953) 61-71.
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Steck, O. H. Die erste Jesajarolle von Qumran (1 QIs a). 1. Schreibweise als Leseanleitung fur ein
Prophetenbuch. 2. Textheft (SBS 173/1-2; Stuttgart: Katholisches Bibelwerk, 1998).
- . 'Bemerkungen zur Abschnittgliederung der ersten jesajarolle von Qumran (1QIs 3 ) im Vergleich mit
redaktionsgeschichtlichen Beobachtungen im Jesajabuch', in B. Kollmann, W. Reinbold, and A.
Steudel (eds.), Antikes Judentum und Fruhes Christentum: Festschrift fur Hartmut Stegemann zum
65. Geburtstag (BZNW 97; Berlin: de Gruyter, 1999) 12-28.
'Sachliche Akzente in der Paragraphos-Gliederung des jesajatextes von 1QI s 3' , in J. Frey and H.
Stegemann, with M. Becker and A. Maurer (eds.), Qumran Kontrovers: Beitriige zu den Textfunden
vom Toten Meer (Einblicke 6; Paderborn: Bonifatius, 2003) 147-56.
Stenning, J. F. The Targum of Isaiah (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1949).
Stoebe, H. J. 'Zu jesaja 40 v 6', WD 2 (1950) 120-28.
Stuhlman, D. D. 'A Variant Text from the Isaiah Scroll', Jewish Bible Quarterly 25 (1997) 177-84.
Szeruda, J. 'Grammatical and Text-critical Suggestions of the Hebrew MS of Isaiah Which was Recently
Found at Ain Feshkah', Rocznik Orientalistyczny 19 (1954) 144-62.
T'almon, S. 'A Case of Abbreviation Resulting in Double Readings', VT 4 (1954) 206-08.
- . 'A Case of Faulty Harmonization', VT 5 (1955) 206-208.
- . 'DSIs 3 as a Witness to the Ancient Exegesis of the Book of Isaiah', ASTI 1 (1962) 62-72.
'Aspects of the Textual Transmission of the Bible in the Light of Qumran Manuscripts', Textus 4
(1964) 95-132.
'Observations on Variant Readings in the Isaiah Scroll (lQIsa 3 ) ' , in his The World of Qumran from
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Isaiah 53:11ab', TTKi 72/1 (2001) 31-36.
Teicher, J. L. 'The Christian Interpretation of the Sign X in the Isaiah Scroll', VT 5 (1955) 189-98.
Tidwell, N. L. 'MT ISA 40,10 BI-JZQ: An Approach to a Textual Problem via Rhetorical Criticism',
Semitics 6 (1978) 15-27.
Tournay, R. J. 'Les chants du Serviteur dans la seconde partie d'Lsaie', RB 59 (1952) 355-84.
Tov, E. 'The Relationship between the Textual Witnesses of the Old Testament in the Light of the Scrolls
from the Judean Desert', Beth Miqra 77 (1979) 161-70.
- . 'The Textual Base of the Corrections in the Biblical Texts Found at Qumran', in D. Dimant and U.
Rappaport (eds.), The Dead Sea Scrolls: Forty Years of Research (STDJ 10; Leiden: Brill; Jerusalem:
Magnes and Yad Izhak ben-Zvi, 1992) 299-314.
- . 'The Text of Isaiah at Qumran', in C. C. Broyles and C. A. Evans (eds.), Writing and Reading the
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1997) 491-511.
- . Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible (2d ed.; Assen: Royal Van Gorcum; Minneapolis: Fortress, 2001).
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Brill, 2004).
Trever, J. C. 'The Contributions of Second Isaiah to the Semantic Development of Hebrew Words'. Ph.D.
diss. (Yale Unversity, 1943).
- . 'A Paleographic Study of the Jerusalem Scrolls', BASOR 113 (1949) 6-23.
- . 'Isaiah 43:19 According to the First Isaiah Scroll', BASOR 121 (1951) 13-16.
- . 'Some Corrections Regarding Isaiah 43:19 in the Isaiah Scroll', BASOR 126 (1952) 26-27.
- . The Untold Story of the Dead Sea Scrolls (Westwood, N.J.: Revell, 1965).
- . The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Personal Account (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977; rev. ed. Piscataway,
N.].: Gorgias, 2005).
- . The Dead Sea Scrolls in Perspective (North Richland Hills, Tex.: Bibal, 2004).
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Septuagint of Isaiah (JSJSuP 124; Leiden: Brill, 2008).
Tsevat, M. 'Some Biblical Notes', HUCA 24 (1952-53) 107-14.
Tushingham, A. D. 'The Men who Hid the Dead Sea Scrolls', National Geographic CXIV/6 (Dec. 1958)
784-808, esp. 804-805 [Photograph of 1QIsaa cols. XXXII-XXXIII].
Ulrich, E. 'An Index of the Passages in the Biblical Manuscripts from the j udean Desert (Part 2: Isaiah-
Chronicles)', DSD 2 (1995) 86-107.
- . 'An Index to the Contents of the Isaiah Manuscripts from the Judean Desert', in C. C. Broyles and C.
A. Evans (eds.), Writing and Reading the Scroll of Isaiah: Studies of an Interpretive Tradition
(VTSup 70.1-2; FIOTL 1.2; Leiden: Brill, 1997) 477-80.
'Isaiah, Book of', in L. H. Schiffman and]. C. VanderKam (eds.), Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea
Scrolls (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000) 384-88.
- . 'The Developmental Composition of the Book of Isaiah: Light from l Qf sa" on Additions in the MT',
DSD 8/3 (2001) 288-305.
'The Absence of "Sectarian Variants" in the Jewish Scriptural Scrolls Found at Qumran', in E. D.
Herbert and E. Tov (eds.), The Bible as Book: The Hebrew Bible and the Judaean Desert Discoveries:
Proceedings of the Conference Held at Hampton Court, Herefordshire, 18-21 June 2000 (London: The
British Library and Oak Knoll Press, in Association with the Scriptorium Center for Christian
Antiquities, 2002) 179-95.
'Impressions and Intuition: Sense Divisions in Ancient Manuscripts of Isaiah', in M. C. A. Korpel
and J. M. Oesch (eds.), Unit Delimitation in Biblical Hebrew and Northwest Semitic Literature
(Pericope 4; Assen: Van Gorcum, 2003) 279-307.
Vaccari, A. 'De nonnullis lectionibus voluminis Isaiae nuper ad Mare Mortuum reperti', Studia
Anselmiana 27-28 (1951) 254-63.
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Francisco, 2002).
BIBLIOGRAPHY 55
Waard, J. de. A Comparative Study of the Old Testament Text in the Dead Sea Scrolls and in the New
Testament (STDJ 4; Leiden: Brill, 1966).
Washburn, David L. A Catalog oj Biblical Passages in the Dead Sea Scrolls (Atlanta: Society of Biblical
Literature, 2002).
Weiss, R. 'Textual Notes', Textus 6 (1968) 127-31.
- . 'A Peculiar Textual Phenomenon', Textus 18 (1995) 27-32.
Wernberg-Moller, P. 'Studies in the Defective Spellings in the Isaiah-Scroll of St Mark's Monastery', JSS
3 (1958) 244-64.
Wildberger, H. 'Die Bedeutung der neu gefundenen jesaja-Handschrift'. NZZ 1505 (1952) 1; 1510 (1952)
6; 1511 (1952) 7.
Williamson, H. G. M. 'DaCat in Isaiah LIII 11', VT 28 (1978) 118-22.
- . 'Sound, Sense and Language in Isaiah 24-27', JJS 46 (1995) 1-9.
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(SSLL 47; Leiden: Brill, 2005) 203-11.
- . 'A Productive Textual Error in Isaiah 2:18-19', in Y. Amit, E. Ben Zvi, I. Finkelstein and O. Pischits
(eds.), Essays on Ancient Israel in Its Near Eastern Context: A Tribute to Nadav Na'aman (Winona
Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2006) 377-88.
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veroffentlichten Handschriften', TRu 57/1 (1992) 1-57.
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Evangelical Theological Society 1/3 (1958) 20--24.
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1957) [revised edition, New York: Crossroad, 1992].
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JBL 78 (1959) 34.-59. Reprinted in F. M. Cross and S. Talmon (eds.), Qumran and the History of
the Biblical Text (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1975) 90--115, also in J. Ziegler,
Sylloge: Gesammelte Aufsatze zur Septuaginta (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1971) 484-509.
Zimmermann, J. Messianische Texte aus Qumran: Kiinigliche , priesterliche und prophetische Messias-
vorstellungen in den Schriftfunden von Qumran (WUNT 2/104; T'iibingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1998).
Zimmermann, R. "'Brautigam" als friihjudisches Messias-Pradikat i: Zur Traditionsgeschichte einer
urchristlichen Metapher', BN 103 (2000) 85-100.
Zohori, W. H. 'Treasury of Texts Concerning the Text of the DSS for the Books of Isaiah and
Habakkuk', Haddo'ar 33 (1953-54) 377-78.
Zolli, E. 'jesaja 5:30', TZ 6 (1950) 231-32.
- . 'L'apporto del Ms. DSIa all'esegesi dellibro d'Lsaia', Anton 26 (1951) 295-306.
- . 'II canto dei Morti Risorti e il Ms. DSI" in Isaia 26, 18', SeJ 12 (1952) 375-78.
THE GREAT ISAIAH SCROLL
lQIsa a
INTRODUCTION TO 1 QIsa a
(PLATES l-LIV)
M. Burrows with J. C. Trever and W. H. Brownlee (eds.), The Dead Sea Scrolls of St. Mark's Monastery Volume 1:
The Isaiah Manuscript and the Habakkuk Commentary (New Haven, Conn.: American Schools of Oriental Research,
1950 [1st and 2d printings]). F. M. Cross, D. N. Freedman, and J. A. Sanders, Scrolls from Qumran Cave I: The
Great Isaiah Scroll, the Order of the Community, the Pesher to Habakkuk. From photographs by John C. Trever
(Jerusalem: Albright Institute of Archaeological Research and the Shrine of the Book, 1972). P. W. Flint, 'The Book
of Isaiah in the Dead Sea Scrolls', in E. D. Herbert and E. Tov (eds.), The Bible as Book: The Hebrew Bible and the
Judaean Desert Discoveries. Proceedings of the Conference Held at Hampton Court, Herefordshire, 18-21 June 2000
(London: The British Library and Oak Knoll Press, 2002) 229-53. E. Y. Kutscher, The Language and Linguistic
Background of the Isaiah Scroll (lQIsa a) (STDJ 6; Leiden: Brill, 1974). D. W. Parry and E. Qimron (eds.), The
Great Isaiah Scroll (1 Qlso"}: A New Edition (Leiden: Brill, 1999). E. Qimron, The Language and Linguistic
Background of the Isaiah Scroll by E. Y. Kutscher: Indices and Corrections ( l Qlsa") (STDJ 6A; Leiden: Brill, 1979).
E. Ulrich, 'The Developmental Composition of the Book of Isaiah: Light from 1Q'Isa" on Additions in the MT', Dead
Sea Discoveries 8/3 (2001) 288-305. Idem, 'Impressions and Intuition: Sense Divisions in Ancient Manuscripts of
Isaiah', in M. C. A. Korpel and J. M. Oesch (eds.), Unit Delimitation in Biblical Hebrew and Northwest Semitic
Literature (Pericope 4; Assen: Koninklijke Van Gorcum, 2003) 279-307.
Physical Description and Contents

John C. Trever composed a full and valuable description of 1QIsaa for the Burrows
volume (pp. xiii-xviii) shortly after its discovery and in its pristine condition. The
present Editors, examining it in July 1998, recorded the following description: 'The
manuscript is excitingly beautiful, still supple and in near perfect shape, though a bit
hardened and cracked. The original writing is often clearer even than in the Trever
photographs in the Cross volume. Plate XXII in that volume is very close to the colour,
tone, and shade of the original. Column XL is damaged, darkened, and split'.
Subsequent examination in July 2008 revealed that the manuscript had deteriorated
somewhat. For example, columns XVI-XIX appeared wrinkled and brittle, showing
several horizontal depressions c.O.S em deep.
The manuscript contains fifty-four columns on one scroll, measuring 7.34 metres in
length and ranging from 2S.3 to 27.0 em in height. It consists of seventeen prepared
skins stitched together, each ruled with three or four columns, except for the eighth and
the last which have only two.
Table 1 provides detailed measurements of the serol1, taken in 1948, according to
John Trever 's data (in Burrows, pp. xvii-xviii), and it indicates which sheets contained
which columns. Each of the columns on a sheet contains the same number of ruled lines
for writing, with two exceptions. Sheet IV has 31 lines in cols. XII-XII I and 32 lines in
cols. XIV-XV; and sheet XII has 29 lines in col. XXXVII, 30 in col. XXXVIII, and 31
in cols. XXXIX-XL. The increase in number of lines is due to the upward slant of the
lines toward the left. The number of lines listed for each column reflects those ruled in
preparation for the writing of the scroll; the numbers listed in parentheses reflect the
number of lines of writing. At the bottom of column XXVII three lines are left blank to
TABLE 1: Trever's Measurements of lQlsaa
Sheet Length Height Cols. Lines Col. No.
I 36.4 em 25.4 em 3 29 I-III

II 49.9 25.3 4 29 IV-VII
III 60.0 26.7 4 30 VIII-XI
IV 50.8 26.4 4 31-32 XII-XV
V 48.7 26.2 4 32 XVI-XIX
VI 35.0 26.4 3 31 XX-XII
VII 42.5 26.8 3 31 XXIII-XXV
VIII 25.2 26.4 2 32 (29) XXVI-XXVII
IX 44.3 26.7 3 30 (31) XXVIII-XXX
X 40.8 26.4 3 29 XXXI-XXXIII
XI 43.2 26.8 3 29 (28) XXXIV-XXXVI
XII 62.8 26.7 4 29-31 XXXVII-XL
XIII 47.2 27.0 3 29 (30) XLI-XLIII
XIV 36.8 26.8 3 28 XLIV-XLVI
XV 47.7 27.0 3 29 XLVII-XLIX
XVI 38.2 26.4 3 29 L-LII
XVII 26.9 26.2 2 29 (18) LIII-LIV
indicate the end of one work or major section ('First Isaiah') and the beginning of a new
work or major section ('Second Isaiah'; d. 4QpaleoGen-Exod 1) . The final column was
dry-ruled across from the previous column all the way down past where the text stops.
Its eighteen inscribed lines complete the text of Isaiah, and its eleven remaining lines are
blank, except for 'io~ ('He has spoken'; d. Isa 57:14; 4Qplsab I 3; 4QFlor I 7; etc.). In
cols. XXVIII and XXXIII later scribes added extra lines of writing (see also cols. XXX
and XXXII), while in col. XLIII the original scribe added a line at the top after noticing
an omission of six words due to homoioteleuton. Since all four margins are preserved for
all fifty-four columns, the margins are not noted in the transcriptions.
Plate E shows additional material now in the collection of Martin Schoyen: small pieces
of a scroll, of repair material, and possibly of a handle sheet, which are believed to be
part of 1QIsa'' (see the Preface to Part 1). Although their origin cannot be confirmed
with certainty, the pieces look very much like they could have been part of 1Qlsaa; see
the damage and repair of col. XII on Plate D. Moreover, John Trever relates that
Metropolitan Samuel told him that '[f]ragments of the cover ... were still attached to
the first column' when the scroll was brought to him. Trever also notes that the 'needle
holes on col. I clearly indicate the existence of some kind of cover' (Burrows, p. xiii).
The entire contents of the Book of Isaiah are preserved except for a few words in
places where the leather has cracked off, causing the loss of one or several full words
from certain verses:
1:21,23-26 5:10-14 8:7 14:27, 29
2:15,17,19-21 7:9-12,14-15 10:13-14 45:10-14
Vertical ruling is visible for many of the columns, and horizontal ruling is
intermittently visible, especially at the bottom of the final columns of each main section,
INTRODUCTION TO lQIsa' 61
XXVII and LIV. Frequent use of the scroll caused darkening or fading in the central
part horizontally in the early columns and caused fading of the ink especially on the last
column. The manuscript was also damaged in antiquity, requiring repair; see especially
col. XII (Plates D and XII).
Palaeography and Date

The manuscript is inscribed in a typical hand from the middle of the Hasmonaean
period, dated by F. M. Cross to 'c.125-100 BCE' ('Palaeography', DSS After Fifty
Years, Plate 10, Line 2). That dating is especially persuasive since the scribe of lQS,
usually dated c.l0{}-75 BCE, plus at least two Herodian period scribes have subsequently
inserted additions into the manuscript, all of which happened before 68 CEo
Table 2 contains a chart of the letters encountered in the main manuscript. Since
some scholars think that the scroll was penned by two different scribes, the top section
of the chart presents letters from columns I-XXVII, attributed to 'Scribe A', and the
bottom section presents letters from columns XXVIII-LIV, attributed to 'Scribe B', for
comparison. The top row of each section provides samples of the typical form of the
letters. Lower rows show other forms, whether smaller, larger, unusually shaped,
susceptible to confusion with another letter, or exaggerated because in final position.
The scribe uses medial and final forms of letters sometimes without regard to their
position as medial or final (note also ii::l'O" in rn L at 9:6). The Transcription will generally
print a final form, dependent, not on whether the final form looks like the modern
printed form, but on whether it looks as though the scribe treated it as final, that is, a
larger, exaggerated, or different form. In the NOTES, VARIANTS, and other places,
however, the conventional final forms will be used. Although the scribe used final
(usually elongated) forms of additional letters such as bet and waw (see ::l'pl1' in II 10, ,,"~
in XLII, and Table 2), these cannot be represented in the Transcription.
Several readings exemplify the possibility of confusion between appearances of letters.
Confusion of' with' and of' with' is common in lQlsaa, rn, and lB, but confusion of
narrow ,/, with ,/'/r also occurs, as well as others. See the NOTES, but some selected
examples can be listed here:
24:1 XVIII 28 l/i - i11.l1l 1QIsaa m i1i.IJ1· d3(Kal civaKQAVlj;n; d. 3:17)
5:11 IV 26 l/i- 'm~o 1QIsaa 'in~J m
63:13 LI9 'Ii - i:::li{;}O:::l 1QIsaa i:::liO:::l m
44:15 XXXVII 20 )/' - nrn 1QIsaa i1'i1l m
55:12 XLVI 7 J/:::l/o - lJ'?n 1QIsaa ll? :::lln m 1iO?n· d3(oLoaxeTjuwElE)
26:7 XX 18 0/0- o'?~n 1QIsaa O?~n m
63:5 LII n/o - l° ln 1QIsaa 1°10 m
65:4 LII 1 o/~- PiOl 1QIsaamQd3 Pi~l mL
65:5 LII 2 .lJ/'J)- .lJm 1QIsaa 'J)Jn m
48:14 XL 18 l'/i1 - i')'l 1QIsaa ';'1i 4QIsadmd3
48:13-14 XL18 '1/i1 - 1~:::lp'1'in' 1QIsaa 1~:::lpi11in' m
The pens used for both the earlier and the later parts of the scroll apparently split
while inscribing some letters, possibly including: ~tD' VII 23, Ol1iiO~O VII 25, iitDJ1 X 30,
On'p5:l' XIII 14, iio::ltD XIII 26, O'n~J XXVIII 10, O"O~i1 XXXV 29, and ~'P' XXXVII 13.
0-
N
Table 2: The Script of lQIsaa
Columns I-XXVII
}\~~7 jY~j Y"jJn~ \;:S""H\'\-n~A.::sX

n ~ "\ V r rj ~ 'J ., \ J tt~ \ 'j 'j " b tt , '\ "7\ ~ »: ~ t< -ooo
Ul
"rJ Y.y~ " ~ >.J ~) ) ~ '-' 11 t rn 'i ~~ to(.

-<
tyj
j1 YJ tJ \ J -::tl
tyj
-Ul
Z
'"'3
::r::
tyj
......
C
Columns XXVIII-LIV o
;p
tyj
;p
Z
o
tyj
Ul
tyj
::tl
'"'3
)1 VI ,,~ , .r ! " >' t;) \ J 'n'.l > ~ ~ " b It p 1\ '1 ~ ::r ~ -

~
~
~
J, ¥I 'tJ' J'..9' ~ V 11 S J 4J ~ ~')" ~ t( 1~-rt '1 J'.~K

INTRODUCTION TO lQIsa3 63
A Single Original Scribe

Malachi Martin in a 1958 study of The Scribal Character of the Dead Sea Scrolls
concluded that a single scribe was responsible for copying the original manuscript. A
lingering debate has continued, however, concerning whether the copying of the main
manuscript was done by one or two scribes. Some propose that one scribe copied Isaiah
1-33 (cols. I-XXVII) and a second scribe copied Isaiah 34-66 (cols. XXVIII-LIV).l
After working many years on this volume, the present editors are convinced that a single
scribe originally copied the entire book, and a series of subsequent hands made a few
corrections and inserted expansions.
The conclusion regarding a single scribe is based on three considerations. First, from
a theoretical standpoint, many of the reasons adduced for two scribes (e.g. orthography,
morphology) are not necessarily functions of the scribe but could, and probably should,
be attributed more to the parent text. The one factor that can with certainty be
attributed to the scribe and not the parent text is the copying: the letters themselves and
the manner in which they are inscribed. A scribe characteristically attempts to reproduce
as exactly as possible the text he sets out to copy. Occasionally, some scribes do try to
'improve' spelling and to correct 'erroneous' forms (i.e. they, whether intentionally or
inadvertently, introduce their own idea of how words should be spelled) in contrast to
the parent text. Nonetheless, the more usual practice is to attempt to reproduce as
faithfully as possible the source text. Thus, it is difficult to determine whether the
orthographic and morphological style of the manuscript should be attributed to the
source text or to the scribe. The tendency in the second half of the scroll toward later
orthographic and morphological forms may perhaps be attributed to the fact that
Second Isaiah was originally a separate work and that the basic composition of the latter
half is noticeably later than that of the first half, when matres lectionis were less plentiful
(d. Samuel vs. Chronicles).
Secondly, therefore, if the letters in the top section of the palaeographic chart in
Table 2 are virtually identical to those in the bottom section, that should be sufficient to
demonstrate that the same hand that produced the letters which constitute cols. I-XXVII
(Isaiah 1-33) also produced those in cols. XXVIII-LIV (Isaiah 34-66). Thirdly, a
number of specific scribal idiosyncracies that are displayed in cols. I-XXVII are similarly
displayed in cols. XXVIII-LIV:
1. The scribe began writing a word at the end of a line but, lacking space, started the word again on
the next line:
II 11-12 (2:4) n';:";"\i11 XLI 10-11 (49:11) 'n!;loo, \ 00'
VII 27-28 (8:7) C'O'~,I]i'lJ \ [~i (see also XL 29-30 (49:2) 1'nootQ \ {~l)
2. When there were only a few letters that would not fit at the end of a line, the scribe wrote the
III 13
,
remaining letters above the line:
(3:9) 1')i'l XXX 9 (37:4) iin~~m
III 19 (3:14) ~'nn~ XXX \1. (37:6) c'''~1i'l
II I 25 (3: 18) c,O'~.I}i'l XLV 10 (54:11) Tn,.,lO"
IThe reasons, with bibliography, are conveniently listed in Tov, Scribal Practices, p. 21.
3. The scribe prefixed letters and words in the right margin:

XIV 2 (16:14) 1'1O."1'J XXIX 16 (36:11) n'r.:li~ UO.l1
XXII 31 (28:23) 1~'~IT XLII 23 (51 :8) d?1;:,~t
XXV 11 (30:26) l:J'r.:l'IT XLIII 7 (51:18) r~l
LIII27 (66:12) rrc ~bl
4. The scribe ligatured samek to pe virtually only in the single word ~O;:, (see Table 2):
VII 14 (7:23) ~O;:, XXXVII 3 (43:24) ~O;:':::l
XL 15 (48:10) ~O;:':::l
XLV 19 (55:1) ~O;:' <2")
5. When a waw, yod, or he preceded a medial lamed, the scribe occasionally skipped that letter and
began to write the lamed instead, but stopped, and, without erasing the tall stroke, wrote the correct letter
followed by the full lamed (see the Plates):
VII 7 (7: 19) C1''/''?ifJ,1 XL 26 (48:21) 1;:,''?1if
XI II 3 (14: 31) ''?'~'if LIII6 (65:23) if'?if:::l'
XIII 24 (16:7) ~,'?"
XX 8 (25:9) m'll
6. In addition to the customary methods of making corrections, such as erasure and blotting out, the
scribe crossed out words or letters with a single or double line:
II 12 1'3; XI 10 -R3 XXXVII 18 ~i •n; XLIX 17 ~•
7. He used cancellation dots above, below, and before and after to delete letters or words:
III 24,25; VII 2,27; X 23 XXVIII 12,18; XXIX 3, 10; XXXI 5; XXXIV 26; XL 9
8. He wrote heavy, large letters to correct erroneous or damaged letters:

X 20-22; XII 20,31; XIX 19 XXIX 23; XXX 7-8; XXXVIII 3; XXXIX 10;
XL 29; XLVIII 26; LIV 1-10
9. He inserted supralinear corrections further to the left or right than they should have been:
I 9,28; XII 31 XXXII 2
Subsequent Scribes
In addition to the original scribe, at least three, and possibly as many as seven,
distinctive hands can be discerned contributing to the transmission of the scroll. The
original scribe copied the manuscript toward the end of the second century BCE, c.125-
100, and clearly he is the one who made most of the corrections. He could well have
been responsible for the heavy over-writing in the final column and for other such
heavy letters throughout (see, e.g., in col. XL, ~'::l in line 13, rv1ir:l in 21, and the supralinear
::l in 29). There are two other sets of insertions which mayor may not be due to him. It
mayor may not have been the original scribe who was responsible for the large insertion
at col. XXX lO-llb (37:4-7) and the last four words at XLIV 15 (53:8; see NOTE). A
similar Hasmonaean hand, less likely attributed to the original scribe, made the large
insertion at XXXII 12-14 (38:20; but see below for the immediately following insertion at
XXXII 14) as well as the supralinear correction at XLIX 2 (61 :1).
A generation later, c.100-75, the scribe who (probably at Qumran) copied 1QS,
4QSam c , and 4QTest inserted XXXIII 7 (40:7; see NOTE).
INTRODUCTION TO lQIsaa 65
About a century after the original production, one or possibly as many as three clear
Herodian hands (c.3O-1 BCE) added one short and three lengthy insertions which by
then may have become customarily added when the text was recited. Those at XXXII 14
(38:21-22) and XXXIII 14-16 (40:14b-16) appear to be by the same hand, and it is not
unlikely that the tiny script of the long insertion at XXVIII 19a-19b (34:17-35:2) and the
two-word insertion at XXXIII 19 (40:20) are also by the same hand.
The cursive taw added supralinearly at X 15 (10:28) shows no sign of connection with
any of the hands above; it is clearly different from the cursive taw in rl,~=:lrl at IX 27
(10: 12), which is most likely attributable to the original scribe.
Orthography
There is no clear system of orthography in 1QIsaa, as there is none in m or in other
Qumran MSS, though there are clear tendencies toward shorter or fuller spelling in each.
For the characteristic spelling of frequent words and (meaning-neutral morphological)
forms see Table 3, which records many of these forms, usually in their first occurrence.
There is no evidence to support, and much to challenge, the idea that the scribes knew
and intentionally distinguished the grammatical categories of long vs. short vowels. That
is, they used matres lectionis to mark sounds, not necessarily length. The Linguistic
Profile in the main Introduction treats the orthography in detail, but orthographic lists
(see Tables 3-6) and a few observations can be offered here.
1Q'Isa'' usually exhibits longer forms than those of m. Table 4, however, lists forms
for which m is longer; Table 5 lists forms where 1QIsaa and mpresent alternate spellings.
Table 6 then collects the remaining orthographic differences between the two traditions;
in an effort to be inclusive in cases of doubt or possible usefulness, certain phonological
and morphological forms are also listed, as well as some that may be textual variants.
Characteristic, but not consistent, are full spellings for: !;l1); ~1!;l; ,rJ1~'; !;lcnp (for the
Qal participle); nn-, i1)- (for the anomalous 1;1-, ~- as in mL ) ; and ncn-, ncc-. The form
~1' is used both for~? frequently and for i!;l (9:2 = VIII 20; 40:10 = XXXIII 10; 57:18 =
XLVII 18). Similarly, ~1:l is used both for ~j frequently and for i:l (37:7 = XXX lIb
[corr 1 m]; 37:10 = XXX IS; 40:7 = XXXIII 7S UP [corr 2 m]; 65:8 = LII 9).
rl~1r is very common in both sections of l QIsa'' (e.g. IX 7,12,18; XXXIX I, 13,27), but
m~r occurs in four instances (III 9 = 3:6; V 13 = 5:25; VIII 26 = 9:6; and XXXI 12 =
37:33). The alternate forms Cl!;liD1,' and Cl'!;liD1" also occur both in the first half of the
scroll (e.g. Cl!;liD1,' in 1:1; 3:1 but Cl'!;liD1" in 2:1; 8:14) and in the second half (e.g. Cl!;liDlI' in
52: 1 but Cl'!;liD1" in 36:2; 44:28). These and other predictable forms, such as ')1J~ 6: 5 =
V 26 ('):J~ m); i1'~rJ 31:1 = XXV 24 (i~rJ m); and 1',n' 60:13 = XLIX 16 (1,n' m), will not
be listed in Table 6. Most of the forms in Table 3 occur both in the first and in the
second half of the manuscript.
The name Hezekiah is spelled four different ways by the main scribe: i1'prn' 36: 14;
37:3,5, etc.; i1'prn' 1:1), il'prn (36:1, 2, etc.), i1'pnn (36:15, 16; 37:10 etc.) i1'pnn' (37:3"',
5, etc.; 38:1, 2, etc.; 39:1, 2a, etc.; i1'pr'n' 39:2b). In addition to those spellings (including
supralinear insertions) by the main scribe, one form is corrected from i1'pnn' to i1'prn'
(37:3, possibly by the same hand that made the heavy ink strokes over the letters in
column LIV), and a Herodian hand added i1'prn in 38:22. In m, by contrast, the name
appears as 1i1'prn' in 1:1 and has been made consistent as 1i1'prn in chapters 36-39.
TABLE 3: Characteristic Orthography and Morphology
Col., line Isaiah 1QI saa mL

16 1:5 ?1J ?:l
14 1:3 ~1" ~?
13 1:2 ~'J ':l
295 36:5 ~'::l ':l
329 38:17 ~'? '?
41 20 49:21 ~'O '0
1 13 1:11 iO~1' iO~'
3 10 3:7 i10~" iO~?

1 14 1:12 n~1r n~r
1 12 1:10 O'i11?~ O'ii"~

48 4:4 'J1i~ 'n~
3 20 3:15 Cl~1J Cl~~

2 10 2:3 ::l1P11' ::lP11'
6 13 7:2 i'1i i1'
1 16 1:13 rD'1n rDin
1 27 1:24 Cl1~J Cl~J
16 1:5 rD1~i tI1~i
33 20 40:21 tI11i tI1~i
1 29 1:26 PrD'~i lrD~i
15 1:4 ]1111 1111

29 2:2 Cl'~1J Cl'1J
424 5:9 "1iJ ?iJ
429 5:14 p1n pn
56 5:20 lrD1n ltl1n
5 26 6:5 '::m~ 'JJ~
64 6:10 iT1~ F~
69 6:13 tI1i1p tI1ip
7 20 8:2 F11J iiiJ
829 9:10 ::l'1~ ::l'~
927 10:13 n1J nJ

103 10:16 i1::lJ ,::lJ
19 1 :7 -m~ -ns
69 6:13 iiO- Cl-
62 6:9 iin- 0-
4 17 5:5 iiO:l- ClJ-
13 1:2 iiOii- Clii-
2 17 2:7 (m1::lJiO?) fern. pl. (1'n::lJiO?)
42 3:25 (1?1E)') Q impf. 1?E)'
19 1:7 (-"J~) Q ptep. ( -"J~)
7 18 8:1 (:lm) Q psv, ptep. (::lnJ)
2 26 2:19 (r1i.lJ?) Q inf. (r-uh )
3 14 3: 10 (1i10~) Q irnptv. (1iO~)
TABLE 4: Orthography Where m Is Longer than l Qlsa"
Col., line Isaiah lQI saa rn L Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL

23 1:29 O'''tllO O''''tllO 174 22:1 ') tll')
216 2:7 11' ii~P 179 22:5 'D tll')J
2 17 2:7 11' ii~P 188 23:4 P'~ P"~
3 5 3:3 ~)' tll,tzm 18 12 23:7 pn,o p,n,o
3 6 3:3 f.l1" rIm 18 12 23:8 ii'O.llOii ii"O.llOii
316 3:11 rr "'T 193 24:6 'OrD', 'OrDtll',
316 3:12 ll)Xl "~)) 209 25:10 rD,J, rD"J,
3 26 3:19 n1ElOJii' mEl'COJii 2018 26:7 P'~ P"~
54 5:18 'rDii tll'rDii 21 27 27:13 ,nnrDii1 rnnern
56 5:19 .Il,J, ii.ll')' 228 28:7 ':JJ, tll'JJ'
614 7:2 .IlJ:;' .Il,J:;' 2214 28:12 ,Jtll tll'Jtll
7 1 7:15 .,nJ' .,mJ' 23 3 28:27 rD1' rD,,'
7 21 8:3 tll'J)ii iitll'J)ii 23 3 28:27 Eltll' l El'tll'
l
93 9:13 10 )tll' l'O)tll' 23 24 29:14 ii"Elii" tll'''Elii''
93 9:14 ~J' tll,rDJ, 244 29:23 ,rD,P' ,tD',p,
9 16 10:3 iitllrD'" iitll'tD'" 27 25 33:21 OtD O'tD
928 10:13 m"J) n"m 2813 34:13 .,~n .,'~n
9 29 10:14 O'~J O'~'J 2826 35:10 ,J,tD' l'J~'

103 10:16 'p':;' "p' "p':;' 'p' 2919 36:12 iiOii,.,ii Oii'tll.,ii
1011 10:24 '00' 'iiOO' 30 14 37:10 nom l,.,otlln
10 17 10:32 nJ n'J 31 8 37:29 iinJ Qtll~
10 21 11 :3 "),1) ,'J'.Il 326 38:14 ,),.Il "').;1
11 14 13:4 O'ElO) O'ElOtll) 33 3 40:4 ') tll'~
11 19 13:10 Oii'''O:;'' Oii''''O:;'' 33 11 40:11 0'''0 O'tll"O
11 20 13:12 .,p,tll ."p,tll 33 15 40:15 0')10 O')ltllO
11 26 13:19 n:;,"oo m:;,"oo 33 26 40:26 tll' f'Otll'
, f°
11 29 13:22 Cltll O"tll 34 1 40:28 ~~r ~.Il"
11 29 13:22 m,)o"tllJ m'Jo"tll:l 34 1 40:28 l1)' .Il)"
12 10 14:9 mp" ntll.,p" 343 40:31 ,ml1' ,El.ll"
1220 14:19 rD:l" rD,:l" 348 41:5 ,tll.", ,tll.,'"
12 23 14:21 '''0' ,tll"O, 35 5 41:26 P'~ P"~
13 4 14:32 ':;'''0 ':;,tll"O 35 15 42:6 ii:;,'mp Tntll.,p
13 8
13 8
15:2
15:2
",",
,rD,tll.,
",""
,'tDtll'1
36
37 5
7 42:25
43:25
trW'
ii:ll1rDEl
mp,
':J'l1tDEl
15 10 19:6 ,n'Jri1' ,n')ltllii' 37 7 43:28 O'El,,)" O'El"J"
15 11 19:7 rD:l' tD:l" 37 19 44:13 iDnO:l' imnO:l'
15 11 19:8 O')1ii 1:I')'1ii 37 22 44:17 1n,.,rD, m'''tll~'
15 20 19:15 PO)tll, 37 H 44:18
10 ltll' ":lrDiiO "':lrDiiO
169 20:4 n",) m"~ 37 28 44:22 ii:ll1rDEl ':J'l1rDEl
16 22 21:7 :ltDpm :l'rDpm 384 44:26 :lrDn :ltDm
16 29 21:12 l 1l1:ln j1'.Il:ln 388 45:2 1:I,.,.,ii' Cl,.",m
16 29 21:12 ,.Il:l " .Il:l 38 17 45: 11 nimtllii m'ntllii
TABLE 4: Orthography Where m Is Longer than l Qlsa" (cont.)
Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL

39 11 46:6 mnfD' "nnfD' 4626 56:12 rccn ii~:lOJ'
401 47:11 ii~fD ii~'fD 479 57:10 mm n~~o
403 47:13 t:l'.I1,'O t:l.l,l"'O 47 12 57:13 1'~:l'P 1'~':lP

41 21 49:21 iiiO' iii'O' 47 13 57:13 fDi" fDi'"
41 23 49:22 iiJrDJn i1J~fDJn 47 19 57:19 'ii'n5li' ,'n~5li'
41 23 49:23 1'mpJ'O 1'np'J'O 4723 58:2 ,rD",' PrDi"

41 27 49:26 'i:lfD' l'i:lfD' 47 24 58:2 '~5ln' p~5ln'
423 50:2 fD:l'n rD~:lt:l 4729 58:6 iiClO iiCl'O

427 50:5 'mJOJ 'nJ'OJ 486 58:11 mn~~:l mn~n~:l
4213 50:11 ':l:ltDn 1':l:lfDn 4811 58:14 'nO':l 'mr;l:l

4215 51:2 'ii'mp 1'n~iP 4815 59:4 ,tD ~'fD
4225 51:9 n'?'?no n'?'?,no 4815 59:5 '~:l '~':l
4226 51:11 ':l'fD' 1':l'fD' 4816 59:5 iiOii'~:lO t:lii'~':lO
4227 51:11 'J'fD' pJ'fD' 4816 59:5 115l~ iil15l~
439 51:20 ,m ~m:l 4821 59:10 tDfDJJ iitDtDJJ

43 16 52:2 li'~ li~'~ 4924 60:21 'fDi' 'fDi"
4416 53:9 mO':l ,'nO:l 5027 63:1 i'ii i"ii
4422 53:12 l1J5l' l1'~5l' 5210 65:9 fl]1' fDi"
451 54:5 ':l'?11:l 1''?.I1:l 53 5 65:23 ,11J' ,11J"
45 14 54:15 'n~o 'm~o 53 7 65:25 :IT :l~T
4524 55:5 ii:ll1" 'iJ'11,' 53 8 65:25 'i~' ii'i~'

467 55:12 ,~'?n p'?:lm 548 66:19 t:l'~ii t:l"~ii
TABLE 5: Orthography Where l Qlsa" and m Have Alternate Spellings
Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL Col., line Isaiah lQI saa mL

17 1:5 ii"
,,, 1030 11:12 iifDJ' ~tDJ'
1 25 1:22 t:l'JiO? t:l'J'O? 11 27 13: 19 njEl~O:l n~5liiO~
1 29 1:25 1'J;O 1'J'O 12 1 14:1 ~''?J' i11'?J,

3 22 3: 16 m't:lJ m'ClJ 12 13 14:11 mort rrcn
5 25 6:4 iii'Pii ~i'Pii 12 24 14:23 [ ]fDi;O'? tDi'O'?
5 26 6:5 iiOCl ~OCl 12 28 14:26 nm n~n
627 7: 13 iiJ ~J 13 7 15:2 ii:l"O ~:l"r.l

6 28 7:14 i11ii ~'ii 13 18 16:2 ~{o}'ii' ii'ii'
76 7:18 ~i,:n?, iii':l''?, 15 16 19: 13 ''?'~J ''?~'J
8 10 8:18 iiJ~ i1Jii 169 20:4 n'?'J m'?~
8 16 8:22 ~'110 ~'110 16 16 21:2 'i'~
"'~
8 25 9:6 iiO~ ~O~ 174 22:1 p,m 1,'m
9 17 10:4 i1O~ i'O~ 17 9 22:6 ~5lfD~ ii5ltD~
918 10:4
"" ", 17 10 22:6
,
"P' i'P'
10 12 10:25 Om?:ln On'?:Jn 17 25 22:18 5l~ ~'J~
TABLE 5: Orthography Where lQlsaa and m Have Alternate Spellings (cont.)
Col.,line Isaiah lQI sa a mL Col.,line Isaiah lQI sa a mL

17 28 22:20 'nip1 'ntnp1 33 25 40:25 ~1rD~1 i11rD~1
17 32 22:24 i':J:) '1:J::l 347 41:4 i1i1p ~iP

185 23:1 1""~ 1""i1 349 41:7 C'1~ C'1i1
18 11 23:7 m1'Di1 i1r"D 3414 41:11 1':J1' 1':J~'1
1919 24:20 ~"1Jni11 i1"1Jni11 3422 41:17 i10~:J ~O~:J
2022 26:10 "D' '1D' 3423 41:18 C'~ElrD C"ElrD

21 30 28:1 '~J ~'J 35 14 42:5 i1i1:J ~i1:J
222 28:4 '~J ~'J 35 17 42:7 i10~ i'O~
229 28:8 irp ~'P 35 24 42:14 'n'rDn~ 'n'rDni1

22 11 28:10 '~ 1~ 37 14 44:8 1~i'n 1i1it:l
,~,
22 11 28:10 1~' 37 18 44:12 ~D1'1 ~D"1
2211 28:10 '~ 1~ 389 45:3 i1i1pi1 ~i1Pi1

,~,
22 11 28:10 1~' 38 10 45:4 i1::lJ'::li1 ,;p~~
2214 28:13 '~ 1~ 38 12 45:7 ;'1i1:J1 ~i1:J1

,~,
2214 28:13 1~' 38 13 45:7 i1i1:J1 ~i1:J1
2214 28:13 ,~
1~ 38 17 45:10 l"1n[n l','nn
,~,
2214 28:13 1~' 38 24 45:16 C'i1~ C'i'~
23 14 29:7 C'P1~Oi11 C'P'~Oi11 38 26 45:18 i1i1:J ~i':J

23 24 29:14 i1,Eli1 ~'Eli1 39 16 46:11 i1i1p ~iP
23 24 29:14 i1'El, ~'El1 3931 47:11 ;'1'1;'1 i11;'
23 30 29:19 C';JD C'1JD 4018 48:13 i1i'P ~iP
2424 30:14 i1:JJO ~:JJO 4031 49:4 i1m, mn,
253 30:22 cn'oc:l' Cn~Oc:l1 41 2 49:5 (m q " ) ~,
2610 32:2 i1:JnO::l ~:JnO::l 41 9 49:9 "
Cl'~ElrD C"ElrD
2610 32:2 1"~:J J1'~:J 41 21 49:21 1El'~ ;'1El'~
277 33:7 111::l:J' J1'~:J' 41 27 49:26 'n'::l1~1 'n'::l~i11

28 11 34:11 ~c:lJ' i1c:lJ, 423 50:2 rD:J'n rD~:Jt:l
2816 34:15 m" m', 4218 51:4 ':J'rDP~ 1:J'rDPi1

2824 35:8 i10c:l ~Oc:l 4219 51:5 l"'n1' 11,n"
2830 36:2 ',rD i1JrD 4225 51:10 ~::li i1:Ji
295 36:5 ~i1:JJ1 i1i1:JJ1 43 26 52:11 ;'10c:l:J ~Oc:l
2929 36:19 C"iElO c'nElO 43 27 52:12 ~O'JO:J1 ;'101JO:J1

302 36:21 i1'i1 ~';'1 4424 54:2 ':::l'ni~ ':::l'nii1
30 14 37:10 i1::l"rD' ':J~~r 4426 54:3 '~1001 "~brD'
3022 37: 17 ~c:li1 ;'1c:l;'1 442X 54:4 'i'Elnn 'i'~nn
31 6 37:27 i1rD, ~rDi 452 54:5 i1"P~ ~iP'

31 8 37:29 ;'1n:::l Q~~ 461 55:9 ;'1:J,n 1;'1:JJ
31 11 37:32 ~c:l"El' i1c:l',m 468 55:12 ~,no' '~OO'
31 16 37:36 ~rDOn1 i1rDOn1 46 13 56:3 ~"J;'1 i1"Ji1

326 38:14 iJ1D i1J~ 4621 56:7 ;'1ip' ~iP'
326 38:14 ~J1'::l m1'::l 47 I 57:2 ;'In::l'J 1n::lJ

32 15 39: 1 ~'i1i1 ~'ii;'1 474 57:5 'ElDrD 'ElDO
33 1 40:2 ~~iJ i1~iJ 479 57:9 "'ElrDrll "'ElrDm
TABLE 5: Orthography Where lQlsaa and m Have Alternate Spellings (cont.)
Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL Col., line Isaiah lQI saa mL

47 17 57:17 inOil~1 inOil 51 16 64:1 C'CnO,l] C'OOil
47 19 57:19 ili1::l::l ~i1::l 51 20 64:6 ili1p ~i1P
4719 57:19 ::l'~ ::l1~ 51 23 64:8 mc:l::lil ~~ c:l::lil
47 26 58:4 ~~0!;l1 il~01 51 27 65:1 'r,,~o~ 'n~~o~
4726 58:4 9 i 1J::l 9i~~::l 52 I 65:4 C'i'~~::l1 C'i1~~::l1
4812 59:1 ~i~P ili~P 5210 65:9 'n'~1m 'n~~1i11
48 14 59:4 iii1p ~iP 5212 65:10 '"Ii? i1]~!;l

4816 59:5 1Ji" 1Ji~' 5227 65:17 ~~'!;l,l]n iirl;!,l]n
4823 59:11 ~1Jil nrt 53 2 65:20 ill;!O' ~l;!o'
49 I 59:17 ~~~P il~~P 53 12 66:2 ~;W '~,l]
4910 60:7 m~::l~ m'::l~ 53 12 66:2 '~:m ron

505 61:8 il~1tZ" tuD 53 13 66:3 ~tDil iltDil
5020 62:8 T::l1~l;! T::l'kl;! 53 26 66:11 moo r'ro
51 14 63:19 1~'iil 1~"O
TABLE 6: General Orthographic Forms
Col., line Isaiah lQI saa mL Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL

1 1 1:1 '01~ 'O'::l 1 26 1 :23 C1n~' em'
1 I 1:1 il'n,l] 1il'r~ 25 1 :31 m1,l]~!;l ml1~l;!
,
13 1:3 ", ~1p 1il~P 210 2:3 1~1i'1 1~'J'1
14 1:4 ilc:l1n ~c:ln 210 2:3 ilJl;!~~1 ilJl;!~1

16 1:5 '!;lml;! '!;lIJl;! 210 2:3 1'nni1~::l 1'nni~::l
18 1:6 1tD::l1n 1tD::lQ 2 IS 2:6 C'~'iJ~ C'iJ~
18 1:7 m::l1itD m::l':1 tD 2 16 2:7 1'mi~1~!;l 1'ni~~!;l

1 10 1:8 ilJ10J ilJ9. J 2 25 2:19 C'i1~ C'i~
1 II 1:9 C'10J C'OJ 3 8 3:6 1il'n~::l 1'n~::l
1 II 1:9 ili0111l;! iliO,p.l;! 3 10 3:6 T" 1"

1 12 1:10 C'10 C'O 3 II 3:7 '~10'tDn '~g'tDn
1 12 1:10 il'101,l] iliO'p' 3 13 3:8 '~'11 '~11
1 13 1:11 ::l1'l ::li 3 13 3:9 C'10J C'OJ

1 13 1:11 n;!;l1,l] ml;!,l] 3 17 3:12 Tmni1~ Tnni~
1 19 1:16 111i l1i 3 23 3:16 ::l::l1c:l1 9El~1

1 20 1: 17 ::l'C)'il ::It?'il 3 25 3:18 C'O'Jl1il C'O~l1il
1 20 1: 17 cm~' cm' 3 26 3:18 C'tD'::ltDm C'0'::ltDil1

1 22 1:18 101"'1' 10"~' 3 29 3:23 C'~1'l;!Jm C'~'l;!Jil1
1 24 1:21 ilJ'il ilJ'~ 4 Ibis 3:24 mnm nnm
1 24 1:21 nrrrt 43 3:25 mi1::lJ1
i1n"il T 10")1::lJ1
1 26 1:23 ,mtD ,ntD 412 5:1 ~il'il il'il
1 26 1:23 '::l,n 9'i1 413 5:2 1il!;l1PO'1 1il!;lPO'1
1 26 1:23 C'~10l;!tD c'~o!;ltD 413 5:2 pi1tD pitD
INTRODUCTION TO 1QIsaa 71
TABLE 6: General Orthographic Forms (cont.)

413 5:2 ~J:I'1 ):1'1 7 29 8:7 rrnrn 1'nn)
414 5:2 t:I'rD1~:I t:I'rD~:I 8 J 8;8 ~1'r.l ~'r.l
415 5:3 i1J1c:l1ElrD ~J 1c:l~rD 82 8:9 1mm 1nm
416 5:4 t:I'rD1~:I t:I'rD~:I 811 8:18 p1rDil prDil
417 5:5 ~rD1.tl ilrD.tl 8 12 8:19 m:l1~il m:l~il
417 5:5 1n:J100 1n:J1rDO 812 8:19 t:I'J1.tli'il t:I'JlJi'il

423 5:9 'Jr1~ 'm~:I 8 13 8:19 1i11'~ 1'il'~
4 26 5:11 1El1'i' 1£l'i' 813 8:19 CJ'n'Oil Cl'nOil
53 5:17 t:I'rD1:1:J t:I'rD:P 816 8:22 il::l1rDn1 il::l\p.m
53 5:17 Cl'n'o
, Cl'no 8 17 8:23 11' 1:1r 11' :;1r
5 5 5:19 1il rDlJO 1il\p.lJO 819 9:2 "n':!iil n':!iil
59 5:23 '1nlD 'lJrD 821 9:3 {1}7uI '.tl
510 5:24 n:lil1' il:lil? 821 9:3 rDJ1JJ1 rDXlil
5 12
5 14
5:25
5:25
1'1'
1"""
1"
1i'
8 23
8 23
9:5
9:5
"1'
"ilm
",'
-nrn
5 17 5:28 rrorrr m,':1' 8 23 9:5 i1i1rDOil iliq.10i1
5 17 5:28 i1~::l i~:J 8 25 9:6 ili1rDOi1 iliq.10i1
521 6:1 il'r1lJ 1i1'r.\J 8 29 9:10 l~'~i r~i
5 25 6:4 11'1J'1 1lJ)'1 9 I 9:11 n1r ~r
5 28 6:6 ~1.tl'1 ~~'1 91 9: 11 1'i'
6 1 6:7 Tm~c:lm ln~~m 96 9:16 1'Oln' 1'On' '"
62 6:8 iliO~1 iOk1 97 9:16 1'" 1"
65 6:11 iliO~1 iOk1 98 9:17 ':J~ln '::l~n
68 6:13 il'i'rD.tl il'iq.1.ll 99 9:17 m~') m~J
68 6:13 iln"i11 iln'.i11 910 9:18 1'10n' 1'On'

611 7:1 i1'r1.tl 1i1'r.\J 9 II 9:19 1.llnr 1.llir
612 7:1 il"01i 1il'?Oi 9 13 9:20 1'i' 1"
618 7:4- Ci'JIZl1.lli1 Ci'JrD~i1 914 10:1 CJ'pp1n CJ'ppni1
618 7:4 'im:l "r;r:! 9 14 10:1 'pp1n 'ppn
619 7:4 il"Oi 1i1'?Oi 9 15 10:2 ,m'1 ,rJ?1
619 7:5 il"01' 1i1'?Oi 916 10:2 m:::l' 1r:l'
624 7:9 il"01i 1i1',r:n 916 10:3 il'1PEl i1iREl
6 24 7:9 1J'0~n 1Jo~n 9 17 10:3 1:!1T.tln 1:JT.tlrl
7 2 7:16 i 1n:l1 in:l1 920 10:6 ?1'rD? ,?rD?
7 2 7:16 j"r.lln :Jr..vn 9 26 10:12 'i11rD.ll0 1i1rD.tl0
7 5 7:18 piirD' P'rD' 9 26 10: 12 'i1J ?iJ
77 7:19 CJ""i1Jil CJ'??i1Ji1 9 2X 10: 13 'I'mi:Jj 'mJ:;1J
7 II 7:22 :11'0 :::liD 9 2X 10:13 m?:::lJ n?1:JJ
7 25 8:5 ~O1'1 ~O'1 9 2X 10:13 'n'rDiiD 'n\p.1rD
7 26 8:6 n?1rDil n?rDi1 103 10:16 iP'::l i1p' '1P':J 'p'
7 26 8:6 01~? O~? 1014 10:27 1?ii" 1?.\?1
7 27 8:6 il[' ]?[01i] 1il'?r.n 10 14 10:27 '1.tl ?.tl
Col., line Isaiah lQI saa mL Col., line Isaiah l Q'Isa- mL

10 17 10:32 EJU' ~EJJ' 13 11 15:5 iU]~ i.l}~
10 17 10:32 1'i' li' 13 11 15:5 i1'~'!;l~ i1'~~

1022 11:4 "J,\]!;l ',J,\]!;l 13 12 15:5 I:l'Jliln t:I'Jiln
1026 11:8 iln iQ 13 13 15:6 Pli' Pi'
1028 11:10 mnm:l mn.JO 13 14 15:7 C{~)n{1}i~EJl I:lniREJl
111 11:12 m~1EJJl m~~;m 13 21 16:4 fl0i1 fO i1
112 11:13 'iil~1 'ii~1 13 22 16:5 !;l'i11~:J !;liJ~:l
113 11:14 l:l"n~!;lEJ t:I'n~!;lEJ 13 23 16:6 ~J ~~
114 11:15 1'i' n' 141 16:14 ~1!;l~:I ~!;lI!.1:l
114 11:15 t:I",\]:J I:l:,\]:l 144 17:2 m:llr,\] m:Jt,\]
11 5 11:15 b'iii11 Tiii11 144 17:2 li,\]il,\] i,\]i.p
11 5 11:16 i1n"i11 nrrrn 149 17:6 i1~1~ i1tD!;ltD
116 11:16 i1n"i1 nn-n 14 11 17:7 'i11tDl,\] li1tD,\]
116 11:16 om!;l,\] m!;l,\] 1414 17:9 irl,\]r:l lr.pr:l
118 12:2 'n,\] 'r~ 14 15 17:9 i1n"il1 nrrrn
11 12 13: 1 i1Tln i1rO 14 16 17:10 1Tl,\]r:l 1r.pr:l
11 22 13:14 11~~Jl 1~~Jl 1416 17:10 I:l'Jlr:l,\]J t:I'JQ,\]J
11 23 13: 16 i10i1'!;l1" .til l:l,i"'iJl 1416 17:10 rrrcn men
11 23 13: 16 ltDOli' ltD0l' 14 17 17:10 iJ,tii.,fn lJ.tI1Tn
11 27 13:19 l:l"itD:l t:I'itD:l 1418 17:11 :ll~:l1 :l~Pl
11 27 13:19 trno l:liO 14 19 17:12 1:l'r.:11~!;l t:I'r:l~!;l
11 27 13:19 i1iOl,\] i1iO~ 1430 18:5 il0:l1 iO:ll
,
1128 13:20 1~ :Ii' 1~:li' 14 30 18:5 !;l10J !;lOJ
11 29 13:22 lmJo!;l~:J 1'mJr:l!;l~:J 15 2 18:7 ~01:JOl i101:lr:ll
12 I 14:1 ~1!;lJl i11!;lJl 15 7 19:3 m:J'~i1 m:l~i1
12 5 14:3 1rJlir:ll 11JiOl 15 8 19:3 I:l'Jl,\]i'i1 I:l'J.tIi'i1

12 5 14:3 i1il:l.tli1 i1i:l.tli1 15 10 19:6 'il~' 'i~'
126 14:4 i1:l'~ T~ 15 13 19:9 I:l'Jil~1 I:l'Ji~1
129 14:7 i1J1i i1J1 15 14 19:11 i11.t1iEJ i1.t1i5:l

12 10 14:8 rrron ni:li1 15 17 19:13 '~'fDJ 1~tDJ
12 13 14:12 ;;:l'i1 T~ 15 18 19:14 C".tIl.t1 1:l',\]1,\]

12 14 14:12 !;l'!;l'i1 !;l?'i1 15 22 19:17 i1Jln!;l ~JO!;l
12 15 14:13 i1!;l.tlOO !;l.tlr:lr:l 15 27 19:20 i1"i11 i1'i11
12 16 14:14 'nOl:J 'no:J 164 20:1 1ni1n 1ni lJ
12 19 14:19 i1n:l!;ltDli1 QJ!;l~i1 16 5 20:1 i1ilJ!;l'1 i1i:;l!;l'1
12 20 14:19 1i::llpO 1i:Jpo 168 20:3 tDl!;ltD ~
13 1 14:29 tDiltDr:l tDi~r:l 16 10 20:5 1~1:J'1 ltD:ll
13 3 14:30 l~il~ 1tDi~ 16 11 20:6 "~i1 '~i1
13 3 14:30 J1ii1~ Jii1' 16 18 21:4 i1,\]m i1.t1Q

13 7 15:2 11:J"1 P'il 16 24 21:9 :J:ll' ::l:lj
13 7 15:2 mO~:li1 mr:l:li1 16 29 21 :12 1:l1tD 1:JtD
13 8 15:2 ltDl~i 1'tD~'l 16 30 21:13 mnil~ mni~
TABLE 6: General Orthographic Forms (cont.}
Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL Col., line Isaiah 1Q'Isa" mL

16 30 21: 13 Cl'J'1' Cl'J1l 21 29 28:1 'i1:>~ 'i:>~
16 31 21:14 1'n~il rrn 222 28:4 iln"il1 nrrrn

17 1 21:15 '1::J:> ,:;p 228 28:7 '::JJ1 ~'::JJ1
17 5 22:2 'n'o 'no 23 2 28:25 ili111~1 ilil1~1
17 7 22:4 1111~ 111fq 23 2 28:25 m1'1::JJ 1n7~J

17 14 22:10 1~mm 1~l1m 23 3 28:26 1i11'~ 1'il'~
17 14 22:11 n101riil Cl'nonil 23 8 29:2 iln"il1 nrrrn
17 18 22:13 1~~ l~~ 23 8 29:2 nrr-rn nrrrn
17 20 22:14 11m o n l1n~n 239 29:3 'mo'pil1 'no'pm
17 22 22:15 ~1::J ~::J 23 9 29:3 n"1~O ni~O
17 29 22:21 lmJn:> ll)~n:> 23 11 29:5 f10:>1 fO:>1
17 29 22:21 lO'J::J~1 lOJ::J~1 23 15 29:8 1'~eJJ 1~eJJ
185 23:1 1""~ 1""il 23 17 29:9 1111~1 111~1
186 23:1 Cl"n:> Cl'n:> 23 17 29:9 J1i:>~ 1i:>~
18 11 23:7 ilmo,p ilnr;np 23 17 29:9 1111J 111J

18 14 23:10 i1~':> i~':> 23 23 29:13 p1ni POi
18 19 23:13 ilJil 1il 23 23 29:13 il'iln1 ';:1m
1819 23:13 Cl"i~:> Cl'i~:> 23 24 29:14 mJ'::J1 nJ':l1
1821 23:14 lr1110 pqm 23 24 29:14 1'J1::JJ 1'J::JJ
192 24:5 rren 1ieJil 23 26 29:15 1J"~i 1J~i
193 24:6 1i1n "0 23 31 29:20 r f'

198 24:12 n:>1' n:>,' 245 29:24 'l1'n 'l1n
1910 24:14 1J1i' 1Ji' 248 30:2 i11l1ieJ ill1ieJ
19 17 24:19 ill1111inil ill1l1inil 2413 30:6 Clmi~1~ Clni~1~
1920 24:20 eJ'o'n =r o n 2415 30:8 Clm~ Cln~
19 23 24:22 ::J1i01 ::Ji01 24 17 30:10 Cl'I1n'1 Cl'rn'1

19 30 25:4 ::Ji1no ::Jino 2420 30:12 P~111::J P~l1::J
19 31 25:5 ::Jim:> ::Jin:> 2421 30:13 111{n }l1il 11~il

1931 25:5 ::Jim ::Jin 2423 30:14 1"on' 'on'
202 25:6 Cl'PP110 Cl'PPIr:l 2423 30:14 ="pon'1 ="1~n?1
2013 26:1 r111 I~ 2428 30:17 101Jn 1o.Jn
2015 26:2 Cl'J10~ Cl'J~~ 2431 30:19 1m ' 1Jn '
2018 26:7 ni1~ ni~ 2431 30:19 1n1110~:> 1n110~:>
2022 26:10 rrrn» mn:>J 252 30:21 TJn~1 TJI~1

,
2026 26:14 Cl'n'o Cl'no 25 14 30:28 'n1, "n,
21 1 26:19 Tn'o Tno 25 18 30:31 i1:l~' il:>'
21 11 27:3 ilJi1~~ ilJi~~ 25 21 30:33 nrrmc nrrrro
21 14 27:6 ~'i~' ~i~' 25 25 31 :2 ~'::J'1 ~~'1
21 16 27:7 1'Ji1il 1'JiiJ 26 1 31:5 C'i1eJ~:l C'i~~:>
21 18 27:9 i'Oil iOil 269 32: 1 i'lJil lil

21 19 27:9 i'J iJ 26 13 32:4 mn1~ mn~
21 23 27: 11 1Jm' 1JJ':!' 2616 32:7 "':>1 ":;:l1

Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL Col., line Isaiah LQ'Isa" mL

2619 32:9 i1J'r~ii i1J!.~ii 298 36:7 ii~1ii ~1ii
2624 32:14 ~El1D ~ElD 2916 36:11 'Jh~:l 'Jr~:l

2628 32:17 m1:lD1 m:lD1 2926 36:17 '~1:l '~:l
272 33:2 1JJ1n UJr;l 2930 36:19 11i01rD 11i OrD

27 14 33: 13 'ni1:lJ 'ni:;lJ 301 36:21 ii1m~ 1m~
27 19 33:17 1'El1':l 1'El::l 302 36:21 ii'ii ~'ii
2722 33:20 1J"D10 1J'D10 302 36:21 1ii1JDn 1ii,JDn

2726 33:22 1Jpp1nO 1JppnO 303 36:22 ~J:l1rD1 ~J:l~1
27 28 33:23 ii:l1iO ii:110 306 37:2 ~J:l1rD ~J:ltQ
27 29 33:24 p1rD prp 30 llb 37:7 ~1:l 1:J

2729 33:24 111D 1W 30 14 37:10 ii'''rD' '9~rD'
28 I 34:1 t:l'01~"1 t:l'0~~1 30 15 37:10 ~1:l 1:l
28 I 34:1 ii~1~01 ii~~01 3021 37:16 t:l':l1i,ii t:l':l"Pii
283 34:3 1'~rD1' 1'~rD: 3021 37:16 ii~1ii ~1ii
283 34:3 iiOfZ11~:l t:lrD~:l 3022 37:17 ii'Jn~ '9Jr~

284 34:4 1El1JO lEl~O 3022 37:17 ii:l'J'D '9J'D
285 34:5 ~':lin ':lin 31 I 37:24 i01m io~m
286 34:6 m'~~, m''', 31 I 37:24 :l1i:l :li:l

287 34:6 ii'~1:J:l iii~~:J 31 2 37:24 1'tll1':l 1'tll':J
289 34:9 nrr-rn nrrrn 31 3 37:25 'n~'ip 'nip
28 II 34:10 ~ii:l ii:J 31 3 37:25 ii:l'in~1 :Jin~1
28 II 34:11 iiii1tZ1i'1 iJ1tZ1i'1 31 4 37:26 ii'm~':lii ii'n~~ii
28 II 34:11 :l'1D1 :::liD1 31 4 37:26 n11l~tZ1~ m~tZ1ii~

28 II 34:11 ~ii:l ii:l 31 5 37:26 t:l'i1::l:J t:l'::l:J
28 II 34:11 ~ii'~D ii'~D 31 5 37:26 mi1::l::l n,,:;p
2813 34:13 ii'mJ10i~ ii'moi~ 31 5 37:27 iiJii':ltZ11'1 lii':ltZ1'1
2813 34:13 ~ii"::l::lO:l ii'i:S;:lO:l 31 7 37:28 ~'nD" 'nD"
2813 34:13 iin"ii1 nrrrn 31 7 37:29 'm~:l 'J\~:l
2818 34:16 1iim'1 rrrn 31 8 37:29 ii,'m~EltZ1:l ';l'nEltZ1:l
2818 34:17 ii~1ii1 ~1ii1 31 8 37:29 ii,'m:J'tllii1 '1'n:J'tllii1
2818 34:17 iiJii~ 1ii~ 31 9 37:30 O'Dtll o'ntZ1
2821 35:4 ii~1ii ~1ii 31 9 37:30 D10J1 1DOJ1
2821 35:4 iiO'DtZ11'1 t:l'DtZ1'1 31 10 37:31 tlli1tZ1 tZ1itll
2822 35:5 'm~1 'Jr~1 31 13 37: 3 3 ~ii'~D iJ'''D
~~,~, ~,~,
2822 35:6 31 13 37: 3 3 ii~"10 ii"~O
2822 35:6 11in; l,m 31 14 37:34 ii~:l ii~
2824 35:7 ~om ~OJ1 31 16 37:36 t:l'J10tll1 t:l'JOO1
2826 35:10 1:l1tZ1' 11:lt!" 31 16 37:36 ~tZ10m iitZ10n1
2829 36:1 n"1:S;:JiT m'~:JiT 31 16 37:36 'P1:J:l 'p:J:l
2829 36:1 t:ltZ11Eln'1 t:ltZ1:;ln'1 31 17 37:36 t:l'n'o t:l'no
29 I 36:3 'iEl10ii iElOii 31 J 7 37: 3 7 :l1tll'1 :Jrp'1
297 36:6 ii1DiEl iiDi::: 31 18 37:38 ii~1ii ~1ii
Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL

31 18 37:38 i~1~itD1 i~~itD1 33 4 40:5 ~'EJ 'EJ
31 19 37:38 pmiO~ rm iO~ 33 6 40:6 ili01~1 iO~1
31 20 38:1 rrprrr rrpm 33 6 40:6 1',on rron

31 21 38:1 n'o no. 33 7 40:8(7) ~1::l 1::l
31 21 38:2 rrprrr rrpm 33 7 40:8(7) pil p~
31 22 38:3 ~~i1;:,r ~~ i~r 33 8 40:9 ';:"
l'
31 23 38:3 ~;:'::l'1 1::l'1 33 10 40:10 pnn::l prrp
31 23 38:3 il'pnn' rrpm 33 10 40:10 wrm llJin
31 24
31 29
38:5
38:8
il'pnn'
n'~i1n~
1il'prn
n'~in~
33 10
33 11
40:10
40:11
~1'
1.I11ir::l
l'
1.I1ir::l
31 29 38:8 ::l1tDm ::l~n1 33 11 40:11 i11p'n::l1 'p'n::l1
32 1 38:9 il'pnn', 1il'prn, 33 11 40:11 m'1.I1 m,¥
32 1 38:9 1'n1"1n::l 1n?I]::l 33 12 40:12 1'.I11tD::l 1'.I1t1{::l
32 1 38:9 1"1no 1"00 33 12 40:12 tD',tD::l tD7tD::l
322 38:10 'm1pEJ 'mp-EJ 33 13 40:12 c'mO::l c'~r~b'
324 38:12 'i11~;:' 'il~;:' 33 14 40:14 ni1~::l ni~::l
324 38:12 Ji1~;:' Ji~) 33 17 40:17 mn1 1iln1

32 5 38:13 ip1::l ip::l 33 19 40:20 P1il' pry'
32 5 38:13 i1::ltD' i~tD' 33 20 40:21 'J1il 'Jj~
326 38:14 ilptD1.I1 ilP~¥ 33 20 40:21 ilOm~'::lil t:m~'::lil
32 7 38:15 il~'il1 ~1i11 33 21 40:22 ~il'::ltD1'1 il'::ltD'1

32 7 38:15 il'1'~ il"~ 33 21 40:22 P1') pi)
32 7 38:15 i10 iO 33 22 40:22 'il1~;:' 'il~;:'
328 38:15 ~'tDEJ~ 'tDm 33 23 40:24 1tD::l"1 1tD::l'1
329 38:17 1il mil 33 26 40:26 ::l1iO ::liO
32 IS 39:1 l'1iO l'iO 33 29 40:28 rmsp m~p
32 IS 39:1 11'~'::l n~'::l 34 1 40:29 ilO~'.I1 ilO~¥

32 IS 39:1 11i~'::l n~'::l 342 40:30 "1tD;:" 1'tD;:"
32 16 39:1 il'pnn' wprn 343 40:31 1EJ1.I1' 1EJ¥"
32 16 39:2 rrprrr wprn 344 41:1 C'01~'1 O'0~'1
32 18 39:2 ,,'mi~"~::l ."n"'~~::l 344 41:1 'WI)' lO~
32 19 39:2 il'prln' wprn 345 41:2 "..,1' 'i~

32 20 39:3 il'pnn' 1il'prn 346 41:2 l'J'1~ l'J"~
32 21 39:3 1~1::l' 1~::l' 34 (, 41:3 n..,.,~ n..,~
32 21 39:3 il'pnn' 1il'prn 34 7 41:4 il..,.,p ~..,p
32 22 39:4 il'pnn' 1il'prn 34 7 41:4 rrrmn rrrrm

32 24 39:5 il'pnn' 1il'prn 34 7 41:4 o'~,..,n~ O'Jin~
32 26 39:7 il;:".I100 ':j00 34 7 41:4 il~1il ~1il
32 27 39:8 il'pnn' wprn 348 41:5 n11~~P n;~p
32 29 40:2 ~ii'''~ ii'''~ 348 41:6 .,ii'.I1i 1;'.11'

33 1 40:2 m11.I1 m1.p 349 41 :7 'o~" iO~
33 4 40:4 O'O;:'1\il1 C'O;:'i.il1 34 10 41 :7 il~'il ~'il

Col., line Isaiah 1QIsa' mL Col., line Isaiah 1QIsa' mL

34 12 41:9 nw~po m~po 36 3 42:22 il~ljn ~li11
34 12 41:9 ~il"'~~Ol 'J"'~~Ol 364 42:22 l~:mlil l~::lr;riJ

34 12 41:9 jfiQ'~l iOk' 367 42:25 ~1D~ 'D~
34 14 41:11 ilJ::l 1:::l 36 7 42:25 mDl m,l,1'
34 19 41:14 'n'Ol 'no 369 43:1 ilJ'~il::l 1~':::l
3420 41:15 rlOJ rOJ 369 43:1 ilJ'i~1'1 1i~'l
3423 41:17 O:::lm'~ OJ\D~ 36 12 43:3 liD1J liD=?
3423 41:18 ilnnD~ nnD~ 36 13 43:4 0'O'~'1 0'01:6,
3424 41:18 ilO'CO~ O'fV~ 3614 43:6 i01~ iO~
3424 41:18 il~'~ il:~ 36 16 43:7 lil'n~iJ ,'n~':::l

3424 41:19 mn~ 1n~ 3616 43:7 lil'ni~' l'ni~'
3425 41:19 ilO'CO~ O'tZ1~ 36 16 43:7 1il'n'COll l'n'COD

34 28 41:22 nmtZ1'~iil m~co~!il 36 16 43:8 i~lll '1D
3429 41:22 mD'OCOil l~-!,'OtZ1il 36 17 43:8 O'Jr1~l O'~\~l
35 1 41:23 m'm~il m'n~il 36 17 43:9 O'Ol~' O'O~'
q
352 41:23 jf~i~l (m il~-) ~~, 36 20 43:10 il~lil ~lil
35 2 41:24 mil ]i1 36 22 43:13 il~lil ~lil
35 2 41:24 ilOJ'lllDl OJ'll~' 36 23 43:13 il"llD~ '.l,1D~

35 5 41:26 jfi01~~1 iO~J' 36 25 43:14 C"iCOJl C"COJ'
35 7 41 :27 ilO'~il ~i1 36 25 43:14 m'J'~:J m'~~:::l
35 7 41:28 il~i~' ~i~' 36 27 43:17 rmlll nlD'
35 8 41:29 mil ]i1 3628 43:18 m'J10'p1 m'~0'p1
35 9 41:29 lil1m lilm 36 28 43:18 1m:::lni1 l~~::lnn
,
35 9 41:29 ilOil'JO~ Oil'JO~ 36 29 43:19 1'OltZ1'J P°tZ1':::l
35 10 42:1 il~il ]i1 37 I 43:20 p01tZ1':::l 10'tZ1' :::l
35 10 42:1 ilJl0n~ lQn~ 37 2 43:23 ilm~':::lil t;1~'~il
35 15 42:5 ~il"ll 'J"D 37 2 43:23 il'111' 1'n,:v

35 17 42:7 mpD' npD' 37 5 43:25 il~1il ~lil
35 18 42:8 il~1il ~'il 37 5 43:26 '~'i'::lri1 '~.'1'JTi1
35 20 42:10 '~''o1 1~?O' 37 5 43:26 1',n' in'

35 23 42:13 1l"1' ll'i' 37 6 43:28 il"n~l ,"n~1
35 24 42:14 i1pD~n~ pEl~n~ 37 7 43:28 Cl'D'1J' Cl'El"J'?
35 25 42:14 ilD'CO~' ~~tZ1~, 37 7 44:1 ~1J 1:::l
35 25 42:14 1',n' in' 37 8 44:2 ilJir1111 1irll~
35 25 42:15 il:::l'in~ :::l',n~ 37 8 44:2 In lCO ' 1 ln rq' 1
35 26 42:16 'nJ"1ill 'nJ~1i1' 37 8 44:2 ~1:::l 1:::l
35 27 42:16 ilO'CO~ O'tZ1~ 37 10 44:4 ":Jl' ":::l'
35 28 42:16 Cl'n'COD OI?fVJJ 37 12 44:6 1'?~1J1 1?~Jl
35 29 42:17 nC01:::l ntZ1:::l 37 13 44:7 ililJnD'i iJ J i ll ' 1
362 42:19 i~1D i'JJ 37 13 44:7 m'm~1 m'n~1
362 42:19 i~U'{~}1 i'JJ1 37 13 44:7 iiJ'~1:Jn iiJ~:lr1
36 3 42:20 C'Jn~ Cl')r~ 37 1+ 44:8 1~i'n 1ilin

TABLE 6: General Orthographic Forms (cant.)
Col., line Isaiah 1QIsa3 mL Col., line Isaiah 1QIsa 3 mL

37 16 44:11 mil 1il 396 46:1 ilO::l'm~IOJ O::l'n~reJ
37 16 44:11 "i:nn "i::lO 397 46:2 ,,::l,' ,,~:
37 17 44:11 ,',n' in' 398 46:3 0'00'11 O'OO-!?il
37 17 44:12 'ili,~,1 'ili~' 398 46:3 O'~IO'J' O'~IOJil
37 18 44:12 il,m::l ,n::l 399 46:4 il~'il ~'il
37 18 44:12 iln110 iln~ 39 10 46:4 ilO'O~' o'o~,
37 19 44:13 ilJnO::l' imnO::l' 3912 46:7 'il1~10'1 1il~IO'
37 20 44:14 1i'~ )i~ 39 12 46:7 'i11,::I0' 1il?::I0'

37 21 44:15 o,n', 0t;l" 39 12 46:7 'il,n'J" 'ilQ'J'1
37 21 44:15 "JO', '~O" 39 13 46:8 '101O,~ni11 '101O~nil1
37 25 44:19 il'::l'~' '::l~' 39 20 47:1 Cl"'IO::l Cl"tD::l
37 29 44:23 U1i 'Jl 3921 47:1 ilJ'Jll' i1)~1l'
37 29 44:23 ilJ'i ilJi 3921 47:2 'El'lOn 'EltDn
382 44:25 mm~ mn~ 39 22 47:3 il,m ,m
383 44:25 '::lO' '::lIO' 39 23 47:5 ,~1::1' '~::I'
385 44:28 0"10' 0'10' 39 24 47:5 O"ilO::l Cl'ilO::l
388 45:2 i'::IIO~ i::llO~ 39 24 47:5 m'::IJ m~J
389 45:3 ')10001 'J900' 3925 47:6 'noo DOlO
38 10 45:4 il::l)'::lil 1J:;l~ 3925 47:6 'ni::l::lil D'::I::lil
38 14 45:8 ,r'; "r' 3925 47:6 1"11 l'oP
38 15 45:9 "i::)" 'i::)' 3926 47:6 ili~'O i~O
38 15 45:9 'lOim '1010 39 26 47:7 m'::IJ ni~J

38 16 45:9 'i~;o [ 1 'i~;' 39 26 47:7 "11 i.l,1
38 16 45:9 il::l'll'El' 1'1l;l' 39 26 47:7 'nolO notO
38 17 45:11 n1m~il m'n~il 39 26 47:7 '::l::l? 1::1'
38 17 45:11 ?1l1El ?llEl 39 26 47:7 'ni::lr rrcr
38 18 45:11 'J"l1~[n '),1;)n 39 27 47:8 iln111 ilJ,i-!?
38 18 45:12 ~il'?ll iT?ll 39 28 47:9 ilJ'~1:Jm ilJ~:Jn1
38 19 45:13 1il'nn'llil 1ill1i'l1il 39 29 47:9 ilJQ?~' 1b'~1
38 19 45:13 il~1il ~1il 39 29 47:9 Oom::l oOQ::l
38 20 45:13 ~'n?[J1 'm?J1 39 29 47:9 ::I1i::l ::Ii::l
38 20 45:13 i1mlO::I ir]lO::I 39 29 47:9 1'i::lm 1'i:;lO
38 22 45:14 '::l'?~' l"~' 39 29 47:9 ili~10 i~O
38 22 45:14 '::l"~1 l'?~ 39 30 47:10 il~'il ~'il
3822 45:14 '::l::l 1::1 39 30 47:10 1::1::1'::1 1~'::1

38 26 45:18 il~1il ~'il 39 31 47: 11 il~::I1 ~::I'
38 26 45:18 il't01l1 il~ll' 401 47: 11 Cl'~nEl o~nEl
38 26 45:18 il~'i11 ~'il 401 47:12 l'i::l,n::l l'i::ll]::1

392 45:22 111'101il' 111tD'i11 40 I 47:12 ::I1i::l1 ::Ii::l1
39 3 45:23 ~'ElO 'E)O 401 47:12 'nl1" nllJ'
394 45:23 li1::1 li::l 402 47: 13 ::I1i::l ::Ii::l
394 45:24 r1111 r1l1 402 47:13 1111'tD1'1 loP'tO"1
Col., line Isaiah l QIsa" mL Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL

402 47:13 'i:J1n 11:Jn 41 21 49:21 iiJii 1ii
403 47:13 0'11'10 0j}"10 41 23 49:22 1~1n:J 1~n:J
404 47:14 or.::nn!;l OCfJ' 41 23 49:23 1'mpro 1'npTo
404
409
47:15
48:3
'n.l1J'
cmm~
l;1.l1J'
o~n~
41 24
41 26
49:23
49:25
,
'n.l1"1
':JrD1
!:1.l1"1
':Jrp
409 48:3 iTJ'~1:Jm iiJ~:Jn1 41 27 49:26 1':lrD' 11i:lrD'
409 48:4 iilEl'1.l1 1~i.l1 41 28 49:26 ':l?~1J1 l?tm
4012 47:7 o'n.l1CrD Ol)l1CrD 421 50:1 iiJii 1ii
40 13 48:8 ii:lm~ 1Jf~ 421 50:1 iiC;:)'n1m.l1:J O:l'nJl~:J
4014 48:9 01C:ln~ o~n~ 421 50:1 iin?'rD iin?~
4014 48:9 ii:l'; 17 423 50:2 iiJii 1ii
4016 48:11 iT:l'~ T~ 423 50:2 rD:J'n ~~:Jt:1
4017 48:12 iT~1ii ~1ii 424 50:2 n1Cn1 ncru
4019 48:14 ':JiT1~ 1:JiT~ 424 50:3 iirD':J'~ rD':J'~
4019 48:14 1.l11,r 1.l1in 425 50:4 'P1:J:J 'p:J:J
4019 48:14 O"'iD;:) O"iD:l 425 50:4 iP1:J:J 'p:J:J
4020 48:15 1ii'n1~':Ji1) 1'n~':Jii 426 50:4 1n~ If~
4020 48:15 iin'';~iT1 r:r"~ii1 426 50:5 1n~ 1t~
4020 48:15 'ii1:,.,i 1:li' 427 50:5 'mJOJ 'ni10J
4020 48:16 1:JliP 1:JlP 427 50:6 P"1 pi1
4023 48:18 'm1~O 'm~c' 428 50:7 ii.l1'~1 .l1'~1
4024 48:19 1'n1.l1C;:) 1'M110;:) 429 50:8 1',n' in'
4025 48:20 O"'rD:lO O',rD:lO 429 50:9 iiJii 1ii
4025 48:20 iim iiJl 4210 50:9 ii~1ii ~1ii
4028 49:1 C1'01~' o'c~!;l 4210 50:9 iiJii iii

4029 49:2 1'1' 1" 4211 50:10 O':l1rDn O':lrpn
4031 49:4 'n'.l11El1 'n!;l.l1El1 42 11 50:10 iiJ1J iiJJ
41 2 49:5 iTi:J:l~1 ':J:l~1 4212 50:11 iiJii iii
41 5 49:7 '1f:J'; i1r:J'; 4212 50:11 iiii"ii iiii'ii
41 11 49:11 l1C1i ' 110'::\' 4213 50:11 1:J:lrDii 11:J:lrDii
41 12 49:13 U1., 1Jl 4215 51:2 1ii'mp 1'ii~"P
41 12 49:13 iiJn iiJI 4219 51:5 urnn '.l1in
41 15 49:15 ';:)n;:)rD~ In;:)rD~ 4219 51:5 1.l11.,f '.l1if
41 IS 49:16 nrr F' 4220 51:6 iiiiniiO nniiO
41 15 49:16 1'mp1n 1'nplJ 4224 51:9 f1.l1 f.l1
41 16 49:17 1'J1:J 1'J~ 4224 51:9 rrrn nn,
41 16 49: 17 1'O'1iic TO'iJ C 4224 51:9 'n~ t:1~
41 16 49:17 l':J',nc1 T:JiOC1 4224 51:9 i1~'i1 ~'i1
41 16 49:18 '~o '~~ 4225 51:10 'n~ n~
41 17 49:18 ':l'; l' 4225 51:10 ii~'ii ~'ii
41 19 49:20 Tm~:J 1'Jf~:J 4226 51:11 iiJn:J iiJi:J

4119 49:20 1'';1;:)rD T'?~rD 4226 51:11 iiCii'rD~1i C1iq~i
Col., line Isaiah lQI saa mL Col., line Isaiah lQI saa mL
4228 51:12 ii~'ii ~'ii 4410 53:5 ~:",c, ~~':lC
4228 51:12 'n~ n~ 4410 53:5 1~'nm'l1C '~'nJ'l1C
433 51:16 ~'Cl1 '011 4411 53:5 1'n"'~:J' 'ni~n:J'
436 51:17 nl1:J'p nl1:JR 4411 53:6 1~'~~ 1~~~
436 51:17 'n'ntzl n'ntzl 44 12 53:6 11'11 1'~
43 7 51:19 '~n~.,p Tn~,p 44 12 53:7 ii~'i1' ~'i11
43 7 51:19 ,~'/ 1'/ 4413 53:7 'ii'~ "~
438 51:20 '~"11 '~'.p 44 14 53:7 'i1'~ "~
438 51:20 ':J~'tzl ':J~~ 44 14 53:8 i~'110 "~l1C
439 51:20 "C~'O .,O~O 4414 53:8 np" np7
43 10 51:21 ni'~ ni~tzl, 44 15 53:8 l1JU l1J~
43 10 51:22 ~'011 '011 44 16 53:9 1nO,:J 1'nO::;l

43 11 51:22 nl1:J'p nl1:J1< 4417 53:9 'i1'~:J "~:J
43 12 51 :23 ,~tzl~~' 1tzl~~' 4418 53:10 l"~" 1'''~'
43 12 51 :23 'mtzl 'ntO 44 19 53: 11 i11tzl~~ 'tzlm
43 14 52:1 nl1 1r.p 44 20 53: 11 C1m~"l1' C1n~1.!1'
43 18 52:5 np" np7 44 20 53: 11 ii~'i1 tm
43 18 52:5 ~'011 '011 44 22 53: 12 ii~'i1' ~'ii'
43 19 52:5 r~'~O r~~o 44 22 53:12 norr l1tzl~" C1'l1tzl~"
43 19 52:6 ~'011 '011 4423 54:1 'J," 'Jl
43 20 52:6 ii~'i1ii ~'i1ii 4423 54:1 m,., iiJ!
43 20 52:6 ii~1i1 ~'ii 44 24 54:2 '~'i1~ l'ii~
441 52:13 iii~'O i~O 4425 54:2 '~'tzlnn '~tzlnn
444 52:15 .,~,o

"~9 4425 54:2 1'n1in', 1'mm
445 53: 1 ,~nl)'Otzl' 1~nl)9tzl' 4428 54:4 ntzl':J ntzl:J
446 53:2 tzl."tzl" tzl'tzl,1 45 I 54:5 '~'11:J 1"l1:J
446 53:2 ii~'~ i1'~ 45 I 54:5 '~'~m l'~J'
446 53:2 i,~n .,~n 454 54:7 l1J,.,:J 11J"'):J
447 53:3 m:J'~'o m:J~'o 455 54:8 l))'" l))....
447 53:3 ',m ',n 455 54:8 '~~'J l'/~J

448 53 :3 l'noo,' '000" 456 54:9 mj rn
448 53 :3 'iin~, iir:J~ 456 54:9 m~ m
448 53:3 'i1'~:Jtzln 'ii,J:Jtzln 458 54:10 m'010nn i1JO'Cn
448 53:4 '~"',n 'J',n 45 ') 54:10 ',on,o 10n.,0
448 53:4 ii~'i1 ~'i1 45 10 54: 11 i1"~11 i1'Jl)
449 53:4 '~':J'~'O' '~':J~~O' 45 10 54: 11 Tn,."O" 1'mO"
449 53:4 'i1'~:Jtzln 1iiptzln 45 11 54:12 "1~'" ."."
449 53:4 ;"i01 ;"9 45 11 54:12 1'mtzlOtzl 1'ntzlOtzl
4410 53:4 m'110' m.pOi 45 11 54:12 n.,p'~ n.,p~
4410 53:5 i1~'i11 ~1i1i 45 12 54:12 1"1:JJ l'?i:JJ

4410 53:5 ,,/,no "no 45 12 54: 13 "'~ ':J TJ~
4410 53:5 'J'l)tzl~O Ul]tzl~O 45 13 54:14 ptzl1110 ptzll)O
Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL Col., line Isaiah l QIsa" mL

45 14 54:15 ilJiT liT 47 19 57:19 'iT'nEJ" ,'n~EJ"
4515 54:16 ilJii liT 4722 58:1 ~'0.11? '0.11?
4516 54:16 'ii;rD.110? 1iirD.110? 4722 58:1 iiCii' .11rDEJ C.11rDEJ
4521 55:2 ~.11'OrD .l,"OrD 4724 58:2 'iI1'~ "ii?~
4522 55:3 iil':l::m,~ c:JJr~ 4726 58:4 iiJii liT
4523 55:4 ilJiT 1iT 4727 58:5 10.i'~:J 10)~:J
4523 55:4 'ii'ni1J ,'nm 4729 58:6 ni"J~ ni')~

4524 55:4 C'O,~? C'O~? 4729 58:6 c"rDElin c'rDEJn
4524 55:5 i1JiT JiI 48 I 58:7 Cl",J.11, C"~.11'
4526 55:6 'ii1~iP 'ii~iP 481 58:7 C'i.11 Cli.11
467 55:12 m'i iIJ"1 482 58:8 ii:Jn:J'i~' 1n:J':1~'
468 55:13 rDi~i:J rDn:J 484 58:9 ii:J,mo ,;pmo
469 55:13 "EJiOiT '~iOiT 484 58:9 ni?tD, n7rD
469 55:13 O'~ O,iT 485 58:10 C'i'ii~:J Cl"iJ~:J
4612 56:2 i'" i" 487 58:12 :J:JirDO :J:JrDO

4614 56:3 ilJiT 1i1 489 58:13 JJ,.11 JJ.11
4615 56:4 ",n:J'i iiQ:J' 4811 58:14 'nOi:J 'ni9.;l
46 17 56:6 Cl"'?JiT C'1?JiT 4812 59:1 iiJii lii
4623 56:10 "EJ'~ 'EJ~ 4812 59:1 i'Jn~ m~
4624 56:10 C~'J' C,J, 4812 59:2 i1o:J'mm.I1 tl:J'nJ1.p,

4626 56:12 '~10 ,~o 4813 59:2 C'?',:Jo C'?"'1:JO
47 1 57:2 1 i?iT 17;' 4814 59:3 J1'.11:J l'P:J
,,'?,
473 57:4 "7' 4814 59:4 iii'P ~iP
474 57:6 iT:Jp,n lP?n 48 IS 59:4 inc:l:J rncc

475 57:6 iT:J?i') l?i'J 4815 59:4 iI1iii iiii
475 57:6 iin:JEJrD I:1:JEJrD 4816 59:5 rrnnen rrmm
476 57:7 i1:J:J:JrDO l:J:JrDO 48 17 59:6 ?,.11,EJ, ?.l]£n
47 7 57:8 iii10rD nOrD 48 18 59:7 i~"" i~':1'
47 7 57:8 ii:JJn:Jr lJ1i:Jr 4818 59:7 ~'pJ 'pJ
47 7 57:8 imi:Jni rrcrn 4822 59:10 C'i1ii~:J C'iiJ~:J
478 57:9 Tnp'i l'nj2"1 4822 59:10 C'JiOrD~:J C'JotD~:J
478 57:9 Ti'~ Ti~ 4822 59:10 c'n'o:J o'nO:J

479 57:10 :J1i:J :Ji:J 4824 59:12 ,rmm.11' 'J'nJlP'
479 57:10 T:Ji' l,i1 4824 59:13 ,.I1'tDEJ .11rDEJ
47 10 57: 11 'i1i:Jr t:"ii:Jr 4825 59:13 PrD,.I1 prD.I1
47 10 57:11 'nOrD nOrD 4825 59:13 tmil1 11"
47 12 57: 13 11?'~' ll?,~, 4826 59:14 iin1:JJi i1n:JJ'
47 12 57:13 T~:J'P T~':JP 4829 59:16 '.111,r 1.I1ii
47 14 57:14 ~'0.I1 '0.11 4829 59:16 ; {rt}rcco mrcco
47 17 57:17 l ii.11:J ll~:J 4829 59:17 "rD~"':J irD~i:J
47 17 57: 17 iiEJi~P~' ~~p~' 49 I 59:17 i1rDi:J?n nrD:J?n

47 18 57:18 C'01mn C'OQJ 491 59:18 n1?'OJ n1?r;lJ
INTRODUCTION TO 1QI saa 81

492 59:19 '1~ ,~ 5021 62:9 'il1'1)~' 1il7)~'
493 59:19 m:J 1:J 5021 62:9 'mrnl' 1ilQ~'
496 60:2 C'r.:l1~' C'r.:l~' 5023 62:10 1'1PO 1'PO
4910 60:7 1~1~ 1~~ 5025 62:12 ')'1 ",
4913 60:10 l'mr.:l1n l'nr.:ln 5027 63: 1 il'~1:Jr.:l il'~~r.:l
4915 60:12 ')1'1:J,I]' 11'~,I]' 5027 63: 1 il,l]1~ il,l]~
4916 60:14 1~'il~1 1),m 5027 63: 1 :J1':J :J,:J

4918 60:15 1m " il 1m ' Q 5027 63: 1 mmj in~
4919 60:16 'npJ'1 t:1pJ'1 5028 63:2 C1'~ c'~
4919 60:16 'n,l]"1 11,1]"1 51 1 63:5 ',I]1,r '.lnr
4920 60:17 n~1mil n~mil 51 1 63:5 ~'nr.:ln1 'nom
4920 60:17 n~1m n~m 51 2 63:6 il01:J~1 01:J~1
4921 60:17 1m 1P £l 1m p £l 51 2 63:6 ~'£l~:J '£l~:J
4921 60:17 1'~J1J1 l'~m 51 2 63:6 ilC")~~1 C'~t7J~1

4922 60:19 m,J"1 ilJ.J'1 51 2 63:6 il"'1~1 "'1~1
4926 61 :1 C';1:J~' C'1:J~' 51 4 63:7 C'~r.:lJ C'r.:lJ
4927 61:2 C"':J~ C":;)~ 51 4 63:7 :In)1 :J')1
"':J~' ,,~~, q
4928 61:3 51 5 63:9 ~1' (1' m mss) ~,
501 61:4 :J'1n :J,n 51 5 63:9 1'n:Jil~:J 1n:Jil~:J
501 61:5 ilr.:l~,J~1~ C),J~~ 51 5 63:9 1'n?01n:J1 1n'r.:ln:J1

503 61:6 1'r.:l~'nn 1'r.:l:nn 51 5 63:9 il~1i1 ~1il
503 61:7 ilr.:l)n~1:J c)n~:J 51 6 63:10 1'~'1P 1~'P

503 61:7 1J1i' 'Oi' 51 7 63: 10 il~1il1 ~1il
504 61 :7 ilr.:l)p?n Cp?n 51 7 63: 11 il~1r.:l il~r.:l
504
505
61 :7
61:8
ilr.:l)?
?;r.J
Oil'
,p 51 7
51 s
63: 11
63: 11
~1r.:l.l1
U{1}~'~
1r.:l.l1
1J~~
509 61:10 1il1)) 1il) ' 51 s 63: 12 il~1r.:l il~r.:l
509 61:10 ~il") i;!'?) 51 s 63: 12 1'ni~£ln 1n'~£ln

SO 11 62:1 ilJ1J) ilJJ) 51 9 63: 13 n1r.:l1n:J rncnrc
5012 62:2 ')P'~ 1P'~ 51 11 63: 15 '1:lrr.:l ':;lrr.:l
5013 62:2 1J:J1P' 1J:::l[?' 51 14 63: 18 100:J 1001:::l
r.l
5013 62:3 'l'il1'~ Til'~ 51 16 64:1 -£l Cil)"~? -ec ':'I'i~'
5014 62:4 ')?
l' 51 19 64:4 mil 1i1
5014 62:4 ')?
l' 51 19 64:5 il'm1 'm1
5015 62:4 ~il:J il:J 51 20 64:5 1J'mJ11.l11 llJlp1
5015 62:4 '):::l 1:J 51 20 64:5 1,J1~~' 1J~~'
5016 62:5 ')1'.lJ:J' 1 1?.l1:::l' 51 21 64:6 il:l:J 1:J
50 17 62:6 C'i':llI~il c.' i:l Tr.:lil 51 21 64:6 1JJ11.l1 1JJ1p
5019 62:8 1r1,1] 1r+, 51 22 64:7 il:l'" ':'Ii'
SO 20 62:8 '/1,1])' N.J' 51 23 64:8 ili~10 i~O
5020 62:8 il1:J 1:J 51 23 64:8 J11.l1 11.ll

5020 62:9 'il1£lO~r.:l 1'£l0~r.:l 51 23 64:8 ilJil 1il
TABLE 6: General Orthographic Forms (cont.}
Col., line Isaiah 1QIsaa mL Col., line Isaiah 1QI saa mL

51 24 64:9 iln"ii nrrn 53 12 66:2 ~;J.I1 'J.I1
51 25 64:10 ')'i'Ono 'J'10nO 53 12 66:2 '~:m ii:m
51 25 64:10 ii:::li,n~ ii:::liO~ 53 12 66:2 iilnm i'JO I
51 26 64:11 iii~10 i~O 53 13 66:3 i'nn i'TO
51 27 65:1 'J,rDP:::l 'JteP:::l 53 13 66:3 i1Jl:::l~ i1J:::l~
51 27 65:1 ~'OrD:::l 'OrD:::l 53 15 66:4 iiOii'~1~.I1n:::l C:Jii'~7.11n:::l
521 65:4 i'Tmii i'Tqii 53 17 66:5 1'i:::l1 li:::l1
522 65:4 C:J'~1J£l C:J'~.J£l 53 22 66:8 ~ii'J:::l i;!'J:::l
525 65:7 iiO:l'mJ".I1 C:l'nJlp. 5322 66:9 ~'J~ 'J~
525 65:7 nm.l1' nJlp., 53 24 66:10 ~ii:::l ii:::l

525 65:7 [1hl~ li~P 53 H 66:10 ~ii':::liii~ iJ':;ii~
526 65:7 'miOI 'niO' 53 25 66:10 ~ii'~.11 i;!'~j)
526 65:7 iiC:Jn~.I1'£l C:Jn~.I1£l 53 25 66:11 ~ii'omJn i;!'oQJn
529 65:8 'fnn'mvn 1i1n'nrDn 53 25 66:11 '~10n ,~on
529 65:8 ~':l ':l 53 27 66:12 ~ii'~~ i;!'~~

M
52 11 65:10 ii'ii1 ii'ii1 53 28 66:12 iiOii'ni[pJl' C:Jl]pn
5212 65:10 'ID ii1J~ 53 28 66:12 iiJ'rDJn ,~¢l~n
5212 65:10 i~l~ i~~ 53 28 66:12 C':lil:::l C:J':li:::l
5214 65:11 ? in~lrD in~te 543 66:15 l'nij)Jl lni.l1J'
5215 65:12 iln:::lo!;l n:::lt:l~ 545 66:17 i'hnii i'Tnii
5220 65:14 UJi' Ui' 545 66:17 r'prDii1 rP rDi11
5221 65:14 :::l1~:l0 :::l~PO 546 66:18 mJirD~m mJrD~ii'
53 1 65:19 ~'Oj):::l 'O.l1:::l 548 66:19 !;l:::l1n ~:::lQ
53 2 65:20 ~'1j) ~1.11 548 66:19 1~1'1 I'"~
53 3 65:20 ~~1P' ~!;lR' 548 66:19 C:J'plniii C:J'pniii
534 65:21 C:J~'i51 C:J'i51 549 66:19 11~i '~i
53 5 65:22 ~'O.l1 '0.11 5410 66:20 C:J;:::l1~:::l' C:J':::l~:::l1
53 7 65:24 iiOii Oii 5411 66:20 m:l':li':l:J' mi-?i~:::l'

53 10 66:1 C:J,.,ii C:Jiii 5413 66:21 o",!;l~ t:l'1~~
Sense-Divisions
The Book of Isaiah is a compilation of many types of literature, and there is a wide
range of categories of division between the various units: from different source traditions
(Isaiah of Jerusalem vs. II-Isaiah vs. 2 Kings) and genres (Isaiah 1 vs. 12 vs. 24-27) to
paragraphs, sentences, phrases, and even word-divisions. In contrast to the numerous
gradations of division, there is a limited selection of types of division-markers that
ancient scribes had available: a full blank line, the end of a line left blank, indentation, a
space left within a line which then continues, a paragraphos marker in the margin,
routine word-division, and major and minor forms of several of those. Most
manuscripts, including 1QIsaa, m, and ~, display no internally consistent system and no
consistent agreement with other traditions. The sense-divisions seen in the Isaiah scrolls
and m demonstrate that lack of system (see Ulrich, 'Impressions and Intuition').
One type of division that mayor may not be perceptible in ancient texts is the
understood division between sentences or verses. Unless space greater than routine
word-division is left, scribes can divide sentences at different points. The example of Isa
19:15-16, seen in the VARIANTS, shows a clear example of three (or, if the space in
1QIsa b is due to a blemish, at least two) different understandings by Hebrew scribes
and the OG translator. Numerous other examples, less perceptible in the Hebrew texts
but clear in the Greek, can be seen in the VARIANTS list (e.g. 3:17-18; 23:1-2; 34:9-10;
40: 19-20; etc.). Two additional points argue against the view that 'original' ancient
sense-divisions were passed on safely by subsequent scribes and are reflected in the
divisions found in extant manuscripts, including ffi; one is demonstrable from Psalm
119, the other is theoretical, although abundant instances could be produced.
Psalm 119 is a lengthy, highly-structured psalm: an acrostic poem with twenty-two
successive eight-line stanzas, one for each of the letters of the Hebrew alphabet. It was
copied in various arrangements, as seen by the manuscripts found at Qumran, and the
divisions are partly determined by the physical dimensions and features of the individual
scroll on which the Psalm is copied. 11 QPsa arranges the lines stichometrically and
separates each 8-line stanza from the next with a blank line; since there are more than
nine lines per column, the ninth, blank line can occur anywhere from top to bottom in
the different columns. In contrast, 4QP s h does not use blank lines for division but
begins each stanza on the line directly following the previous one, rather using a
paragraphos in the margin to signal the end of each stanza (see DJD XVI, pI. XV).
The physical scroll on which 4QPsg was copied was carefully and intelligently
prepared specifically to hold presumably all of and only Psalm 119. It is small in height,
with exactly eight lines per column, and it presumably contained only twenty-two
columns. Thus it was clearly intended to contain one stanza per column, with each
successive letter beginning at the top of the following column. The scribe who copied it,
however-perhaps influenced by seeing or having copied a manuscript of Psalm 119
with many lines per column and a blank line after each stanza (e.g. as in 11QPsa)-
skipped a line after each stanza (see DJD XVI, pp. 107-12 and pl. XV). He thus totally
frustrated the intended arrangement and probably caused an embarrassing surprise at
the end of the manuscript when there were insufficient columns to complete the text.
These three differing arrangements disprove claims of 'original' ancient sense-divisions
passed on faithfully by subsequent scribes.
A theoretical consideration also argues against later scribes' ability to reflect the
divisions in the source text with consistency. A source text would often have a blank
space at the end of a line concluding a section, followed by the next line beginning at the
right margin. But when the amount of text to be written by the next scribe happened to
fill out that last line, then the scribe could not reflect the source text exactly. His only
options were to indent the next section, leave an entire blank line, or continue with no
division. Thus, while there are minor learnings to be gained by studying the sense-
divisions in a manuscript, those divisions cannot be presumed to antedate the last scribe
or scribes in the long sequence of copying.
For 1QIsaa the sense-divisions are listed at the bottom of each page of the Tran-
scription (see also Table 7). They show that 1Q Isa- has an interval at all the major new
TABLE 7: lQlsaa Sense-Divisions in Chapters 40-48
Chap.Vs. 1QIsaa mL LQfsa" 4QIsa a-c 4QIsa d - r
40.1 e+P E 0
. b: E
.3 W
.6 E e + i
.9 e
.12 e w
.17 E + 2L E + i
.25 E b:w
.27 E w
41.1 E e + L
.2 P + i
.5 P + i [-]
.7 w
.8 E + X? w
.12 E+X?+L
.14 w e + i
.17 e+P L W
.19b w
.21 P+W L E
.25 w + X?
.27 E
42.1 E + X? e
.5 e e + L b: E h: [w]
.10 e e b: L h: E
.13 P + i
.14
.18 e w g: [w]
.21 w + X?
.24aj3 w
43.1 E e g:w
.3 E g: -
.8 w?
.9 w
.11 E e+i
.14 E E + i b: [i]
.16 P + i e+i b:E
.22 V g: e + I
.23b w
.25 w
.26 w + X?
.27 w
E End of line, large--major W blank Within line, large--major L Line fully blank
e end of line, small-major or minor w blank within line, small-minor P paragraphos
Indentation, large--major V blank of unknown length, large--major no division
indentation, small-minor? v blank of unknown length, small-minor x sign in margin
[] reconstructed but probable
INTRODUCTION TO lQIsaa 8S
TABLE 7: lQlsaa Sense-Divisions in Chapters 40-48 (cont.)
Chap.Vs. lQIsa a mL lQIsab 4QIsa a-c 4QIsa d - r
44.1 P+W w v
.2 e
.2b w
.5b w
.6 E E c: [v]
.9 w
.12 w
.13 w
.18 w
.21 e E + i b: e + I
.23 E [-] b:-
.24 P+W E [-] b: I; c:v
.28 w+X?
45.1 P+W e+ i e+ I c: no 1
.5 w [-]
.8 E E c: [-]
.9 I E + i
.10 w e+ i [-]
.11 P+W [-]
.13 w
.14 e L v
.17 w
.18 E E
.20b w
46.1 w b: [w]
.3 E E + i b:e
.5 w I [-]
.7a~ w
.8 w e+ i
.9 w
.lib w d:-
.12 E E + i E c: [E] d: [-]
47.1 E w [-] d: [-]
.4 w w
.5 w [-] d: [-]
.6b w [-]
.8 w [-]
.11b E
48.1 E
.3 \V E + i
.10 w d: -
.12 E e+i d: i
.17 P + i e W d: i
.17b~ d: w
.20 P + i
sections ascribed to different compilers (Isaiah 13; 24; 28; 34; 36; 40; 56). Codex
Leningradensis has many of those marked, but it has no division at all before chapters
28 and 34, and only a minor division before 36. The contrast at Isaiah 34 is remarkable,
since 1QIsaa leaves three entire lines blank, signalling the major division between the
'Isaiah of Jerusalem' collection and the post-exilic collection, whereas m- does not seem
to recognize the division.
Table 7 provides a comparative listing of the sense-divisions in 1Q'Isa", m, and the
other Isaiah scrolls for a representative section, chapters 40-48; this should be sufficient
to confirm the lack of any system. The symbols used are explained in the Table.
Readers who use BHS should be aware that the symbols listed for mL in the Table are
descriptive of the divisions as they occur in Codex Leningradensis, which is written in
prose format; the :l and 0 symbols printed in BHS for Isaiah, which is arranged in
stichometric format, can be misleading, for they are not found in Leningradensis and
sometimes do not accurately indicate the divisions in the Codex. For example, BHS
inserts 0 before Isa 55:6; 56;1; and 56:4; but in each case Leningradensis leaves the end
of the line blank and indents the line beginning the new section.
It is instructive to focus on one small passage in detail. In 44:1-46:1, 1QIsaa has 25
sense-divisions. For 14 (i.e. more than half) mhas none; for 8 major divisions in 1Q'Isa"
m has 5 major but 3 minor divisions; and for 3 minor divisions in 1QIsaa m has
3 major divisions. Finally, in Table 7 note that 1QIsaa has divisions 9 times in the
middle of what m considers a continuous 'verse'.
Scribal Marks
A prominent feature in 1QIsaa is the presence of scribal markings, which may be
grouped into three categories, each apparently serving a different purpose.
Paragraphos. By far the most frequent scribal marking in 1QIsaa is the paragraphos.
The sign is used to mark the end of a section of text and is located just beneath the
beginning (the right side) of the final line of its section, at the right margin (with a lone
exception of XXVI 31, where, since the line is indented, the p ar agr aphos is also
indented).
The paragraphos occurs sixty-six times in one of two main forms: a horizontal line
(roo-; but see below), or a circular loop atop the horizontal line (.4-). The first form is by
far the more frequent, occurring sixty times in 1QIsaa. It is found in thirty-three
columns of the scroll, notably VIII (6 times), and XXXIV, XL, and XLI (4 times each),
but it is absent from twenty-one columns (I, III, VI, IX, XII-XV, XVII-XVIII, XX-
XXI, XXIX-XXXIII, XXXV, XXXIX, XLVII, and XLIX). This form of the para-
graphos occurs 27 times in the first half of the scroll (cols. I-XXVII) and 33 times in the
second half (cols. XXVIII-LIV). Although it is uniformly shown as roo- in this edition,
slightly different forms can be identified: a straight or slightly curved horizontal line; the
horizontal line with a small hook usually on the left; and the horizontal line with small
hooks on both the right and left ends. These differences do not appear to be
intentionally different; thus, though they could constitute stylistic evidence for more than
one scribal hand, they are probably all by the same scribe.
The second form of paragraphos (.4-) occurs only six times, once each in columns
XXVIII 27 (before Isa 36:1), XXXII 28 (40:1), XXXV 22 (42:13), XXXVIII 6 (45:1),
XLIII 21 (52:7), and XLIX 5 (60:1). The line listed is the final line of the section; the
chapter-verse numbers designate the beginning of the new section. The only discernible
pattern seems to be the marking of the beginning and the end of the historical section
(Isaiah 36-39) parallel to 2 Kings. There are several possible explanations, in
descending order of plausibility, for the absence of.A- from the first half of the scroll
(cols. I-XXVII) and its presence only within the second half (cols. XXVIII-LIV):
(a) The form may have occurred at only these six points in the scroll from which
1Q Isa- was copied, and was correctly transcribed from that source scroll. (b) A single
scribe who copied the entire manuscript may have used this form of the paragraphos to
signal the six passages as in some way distinctive. (c) The distribution may indicate that
the first and second halves were copied by different scribes. (d) Whereas the three
explanations so far presume that the scribe(s) who copied the scroll also inserted the
paragraphoi, it is also possible that a later person inserted them.
Taw. The second category is the mark X, probably a Palaeo-Hebrew taw. It appears
thirteen times in the manuscript, including the occurrence in col. XVI II 2, which is
differently formed and thus is possibly by a different hand than the one responsible for
the other twelve. Similar signs are known from 1QpHab, although the different way
they are formed there makes it clear that they are not by the same hand(s) that
produced the marks in 1Q'Isa". All eleven occurrences in 1QpHab occur at the left of the
column they mark, since they are all inside or written upon the left marginal ruling.
Since seven of the occurrences mark a passage with (,),tli~, it seems clear that their
purpose is to signal a passage deemed significant to an ancient reader. Although the
purpose appears to be the same in 1 Qf sa", other questions remain unanswered: which
scribe(s) or reader(s) inserted the marks, and are they placed in the right or left margin
of the column they mark? Visually, the marks at XXVI 9, XXVI 18, XLI 5, and LIII 17
appear to be placed in the right margin of their column, since they occur between
stitched sheets and are on the new sheet with the column following the stitching. In some
doubtful cases, the significance of the passage also favours the right margin (XLVII I 9).
On the other hand, the marks appear to be in the left column probably at XVIII 2, and
possibly at XXXIV 10 and 15. In the Transcription the marks are placed to the right or
left of the column as seems more appropriate, but in some cases of doubt (XXXIV vs.
XXXV 10 and 15; XXXV vs. XXXVI 3; XXXVII vs. XXXVIII 5; XLV vs. XLVI 10,13,
and 23) they are placed at both points. But, whereas the paragraphoi were probably
written by the scribe who copied the text and may reflect the source text, the X
markings were probably introduced by a subsequent reader with the purpose of marking
important passages.
Other Marks and Symbols. The third category is a series of marks mainly in the right
margin. TABLE 8 lists the symbols as well as tentative suggestions for their possible
identification, mostly from DJD XXXIX (pp. 336-38). As with the X markings, it is
likely that these symbols were inserted, not by the original copyist, but by a subsequent
reader or readers for the purpose of marking passages that were considered important.
In the lower part of the bottom margin of col. XXXII there is a dark mark, similar to
this: G . It is unlikely, however, to be the ink of an intentional symbol; note that there
are no other letters or symbols near the top edge or the bottom edge of the manuscript.
Finally, notice the mark in the right margin at XLIX 14 (60: 10).
TABLE 8: Scribal Symbols
Col. line Isaiah Symbol Possible Identification
VI 22 7:8 ~ Palaeo-Hebrew waw

VII 8
VIII 9
7:20
8:16
,y Cryptic A res
C-A het
XI4 11:15 e C-A gop; beta
XV 18 19:14 :::s; P-H zayin
XVII 21:16 C-A kap; P-H 'ayin
"F-
I
XXI 24 27:12 C-A sade

XXII 10 28:9
~ P-H zayin
XXVII 21 33:19 ~ C-A zayin; P-H zayin
XXVIII 18 34:17 C-A kap; P-H 'ayin
XXXIII I 40:2 "
~ C-A zayin; P-H zayin
XL 19 48:14 ~ P-H zayin
Textual Character
More precise understanding and assessment of a manuscript's textual character can be
gained by distinguishing different, usually unrelated aspects of variation: orthographic
profile, individual textual variants, isolated interpretive insertions, literary edition, and,
if relevant, text-family groupings within different editions. The analysis here will consider
only the text that the original scribe produced, not additions by subsequent scribes.
Orthography. The orthographic character of 1QIsaa has been described above, both
in the Linguistic Profile and in the Orthography section. The evidence shows that
neither the Qumran nor the Masoretic text maintains a consistent orthographic system,
although both show definite tendencies. 1QIsab and m: not infrequently display longer
forms than those in 1QIsaa (see Table 4), but in general the spelling in 1 Qf sa" is
noticeably fuller than that in 1QIsab and m: (see Tables 3 and 6). The fuller spelling is
probably reflective of the increasingly fuller spelling of the late Second Temple period,
visible also in the nonbiblical scrolls, Targumic Aramaic, and elsewhere. It is unlikely
that the orthographic style characteristic of the scrolls was limited to Qumran, since
many 'Qumranic' features can be found replicated in m: in different loci, in general
Jewish literature (i.e. non-sectarian scrolls), and in other sources. The fact that the
scrolls were found at Qumran does not mean that all, or even most, were copied there.
Rather, as Kutscher concluded, 'the linguistic anomalies of 1 [Qj lsa" reflect the Hebrew
and Aramaic currently spoken in Palestine towards the end of the Second
Commonwealth' (LLBIS, 3). Sukenik concurred: 'as early as the period of the Second
Temple, it had become customary to facilitate reading through the extensive use of the
plene spelling, not only in books composed at the time but also in the ancient books of
the Bible' (DSSHU, 31).
INTRODUCTION TO lQl saa 89
There is a common assumption that, since 1QIsaa was found at Qumran, it was
copied at the site. That is, however, an unproven assumption. The assumption may be
correct, but it may equally be incorrect, and the early date of 1QIsaa reduces the
likelihood that it was copied at Qumran. At any rate, the manuscript quite likely reflects
the orthography of the source text from which it was copied, which would certainly have
antedated the settlement at Qumran. That the orthography is not necessarily due to this
scribe but may reflect its source text is supported by another consideration. The basic
composition of Isaiah 34-66 is generally later than that of 1-33, and thus can be
expected to display a fuller orthography. The fact that a single scribe copied the entire
manuscript, yet the orthographic character is more full in the latter part, indicates that
the orthography of 1Ql sa" is not due primarily to this scribe.
Textual Variants. The full list of individual textual variants is provided in the
TEXTUAL VARIANTS section of the 1Q Isa- edition. Listed as variants are those readings
in which 1QIsaa differs from another Qumran scroll or m L, g, rnss ~ in more than mere
orthography or meaning-neutral morphology, though ambiguous cases are included.
The witness of ~ is often presented when its Hebrew Vorlage can be determined with
reasonable confidence. The witness of other versions is occasionally given but, since the
Targum, Peshitta, and Vulgate have been revised to conform to forerunners of m, they
are generally not useful for determining the early forms of the text in sufficient
magnitude to warrant systematic collation in this volume.
Since the number of textual variants is well over 2,600, detailed analysis is impossible
here, but the full list now provides the possibility of, and indeed invites, systematic study.
The full spectrum of normal variants can be seen in 1QIsa'' as well as in the other
witnesses. Sometimes 1Q'Isa" contains the superior reading, sometimes m L, mg , mmss, ~,
or another scroll contains the superior reading. Thus, all witnesses, including m, must
be evaluated word-by-word on an egalitarian basis, with none privileged over others.
Occasionally, all witnesses display erroneous or implausible readings, showing that the
problem entered the text prior to any of the preserved witnesses. The JPS Hebrew
English T'anakh? in its translation of Isaiah lists 'Meaning of Heb. uncertain' or
'Meaning of verse uncertain' almost one hundred times, and suggests 'Emendation
yields .. .' approximately as often. If a committee of eminent specialists with a neatly
printed Hebrew text and with all the scholarly tools available today finds the text
'uncertain' at multiple places, we should not be surprised that ancient scribes as well as
the Greek translator also felt challenged by the text they were copying. They often had
to choose between copying a form which they may not have recognized or may have
thought erroneous and replacing it with their lectio facilior to achieve a sentence that
made sense.
Isolated insertions. The term 'isolated interpretive insertions' denotes complete
thoughts that learned scribes occasionally inserted into the text they were copying when
they considered it appropriate. Such passages range from a single sentence or clause to
full paragraphs, from part of a verse to seven or eight verses.I They may have been
2JPS Hebrew English Tanakh (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1999).

3See the large insertion of eight verses (7:3(}-8:3) in 4QJer a (OJD XV.ISS and PI. XXIV). 4QJer a was copied c.200
BeE; a later Hasmonaean hand c.t O(}-SO inserted the eight verses in four small, cramped lines. Although it is possible
that those verses had been in the parent text of 4QJ era but were simply lost by parablepsis. the omission of such a
created in various ways: as scribal notes, through oral commentary that had become
customary in a certain community, from passages with similar or contrasting ideas, or as
expressions of a liturgical, pious, or apocalyptic nature.f If such interpretive insertions
are isolated and not linked with other insertions as a part of a patterned series, they are
classified in this category of isolated interpretive insertions. If there are a number of
coordinated insertions with the same pattern, showing substantial harmonizations,
revisions, or tendencies by a single scribe (as seen, e.g., in 4QpaleoExodm , 4QNumb , the
Samaritan Pentateuch, etc.), these would form a new edition of a book. The Hebrew
and Greek manuscripts of Isaiah do not show this latter pattern; rather they all witness
to single edition.
Within this single edition, however, 1Q Isa- and m do contain two isolated interpretive
insertions (2:22 and 36:7b) highlighted by the shorter Greek text (see Table 9). The
Table also shows that 1 Q'Isas in turn highlights seven more interpretive insertions in m
that apparently had not yet entered the text when 1QIsaa and its source text were
formed: 2:9b-10; 34: 17-35:2; 37:5-7; 38:20b-22; 40:7 (or 7a~-8a); 40: 14b-16; and
63:3a~-ba. The large additions in m can be found in the TEXTUAL VARIANTS, and,
whereas full explanations of these insertions would require excessive length for these
pages, the analysis can be found in Ulrich, 'The Developmental Composition'. It should
be noted that the OG agrees with 1QIsaa in not yet having the insertion that occurs in
mat 40:7.
In light of these seven large insertions in m that were not yet present in the text of
1QIsaa, Kutscher's judgement (LLBIS, 2-3) that '1 [Qj Isa- reflects a later textual type
than the Masoretic Text' must be clarified. His judgement centred on linguistic clues:
'orthography, pronunciation, morphology, vocabulary, syntax', and we can fully agree
with him. With regard to most individual linguistic features, 1Q'Isa" does exhibit a later
profile; however, with regard to the development of the text, the case is the reverse.
These seven major secondary additions indicate that m displays a later stage of textual
development than that of l Q'Isa'', even if the linguistic features of m did not undergo as
much updating as those of 1 Qf sa-.
Not to be confused with the instances of interpretive insertions are two other large
quantitative variants. These two readings, though large, should be classified merely as
individual textual variants, since 1QIsaa has simply lost through parablepsis text
correctly preserved in the m and ~ traditions:
4:5-6 ClO" 1QIsaa (ClO"I1C10")] i15Jn ":0 "::l "ll '::l (m~a' i1"''')o[jo'' i1::1," tD~ i1JJ, [ltDll' 00"]
]06;' "::C"
[i1'i1n] (m i1::l0,);,::l,0,6 4QIsaam~
16:8-9 i10:::ltD 15JJ 1QIsaa (i10:::ltDni10:::ltD)] ,tDOJ i1'mn"tD .,:::l'0 'lln 'llJJ .,rll' 1ll i1'p,.,tD ,o"n CI"J '''ll:::l i10:::ltD 15JJ
i10:::ltD 15JJ .,rll' '::l:::l:::l i1::l:::l~ P "ll9 CI' ,.,:::lll 1QIsa b me
large section (c.12 lines) is unprecedented. The verses are not at all required by the context but seem intrusive; thus
they are most likely a later addition after a century or more of the development of the text of j eremish.
4An illustration of interpretive insertions is provided by pious, liturgical additions in the Lord's Prayer in Matthew 6
and Luke 11. The prayer was presumably prayed in common worship; gradually a doxology became a fixed
conclusion in certain communities, and the doxology eventually came to added into many Greek :\188 of Matthew 6.
Similarly, an invocation to the Holy Spirit entered part of the Lucan tradition.
INTRODUCTION TO 1QIsa3 91
TABLE 9: Isolated Insertions in m highlighted by l Qlsa" and 16
Isaiah Insertions in m
Insertions in both l Qlsa" and m highlighted by 16
2:22
36:7b
Insertions in m highlighted by lQIsaa
2:9b-10
34:17-35:2 n?l:'~n::l(2) ni~n1 i1~iD ?Jn1 i1'l:'1 i~'O cmDtZ1'35:1 0 :i1~ 1D~' i1'1 i"? i11~i" (C?1D '.Il)
o :1J'i1?~ i'i1 rrrr '1~::l 1~i' i10i1 11i~i11 ?Oi::li1 i'i1 i1? 1m pJ~?i1 '1:J.) pi1 n?'J ~~ ?Jn1 ni~n ni~(2)
37: 5- 7 ~i'n ?~ rrrr iO~ i1::l C::l'Ji~ ?~ pio~n i1::l 1i1'D~' Ci1'?~ iO~'16 :1i1'.IltD' ?~ 1i1'prn 1?0i1 ',:J.Il 1~~'15
1l:'i~ ?~ ~~1 i1D10~ .Il0~1 rm 1~ 1n1J 'JJi17 :'n1~ i1~~ 1?0 'iDJ 1~'J i~~ n.IlO~ i~~ C'i~'i1 'J~O
:1l:'i~~ :Jin:J 1'n?~m
38:20b-22 :i11i1' n'~ ?.Il 1J"n '0' ?::l 1JJJ 'mJJJ1

:'n'1 rn~i1 ?.Il 1niO'1 C'J~n n?:Ji 1~~' 1i1'D~' iO~'121
o :i11i1' n'~ i1?.Il~ '::l m~ i10 1i1'prn iO~'122
40:14b-16 1~~nJ C'Jr~o pn~::l1 '?'O iO.) C'1J 1i115 :1JD"1' mmn T'" nD' 1i1iO?'1 (O~~O ni~~ 1i1iO?")
c :i1?1D" r~ 1n'n1 iD~ 'i r~ 11J~?1 16 :?10' pi::l C"~ Ji1
Literary edition. All available manuscript traditions of Isaiah, despite their plur i-
formity, witness to a single edition. Though they contain myriad textual variants, and
though there are at least two isolated interpretive insertions in 1Q Isa" and at least nine
in rn, these expansions do not show a similar pattern; they appear to have been inserted
separately by different scribes for different concerns. The Book of Isaiah clearly
underwent multiple stages of the addition of substantial sections to the text as it
developed literarily, but all the major components had found their place in the
transmitted text prior to the witness of any of the preserved manuscripts.
Within that main literary edition, the proximity and the distance between witnesses
indicate that lQIsa b and mt-, rn q , mmss, l( form a close text-family grouping, whereas
LQ'Isa" and (1;, despite their many agreements, are distant enough from each other and
from the m tradition that they must each be assigned to different text families.
The Old Greek Translation

The original Greek translator has been both unjustly maligned as a careless translator
and excessively credited with visionary imagination that does not hold up under
investigation. His work was seen as careless by those who compared the translation
against m, and visionary by those who interpreted it as 'actualizing' the ancient
prophecies of Isaiah to apply to current events. But the Hebrew text he translated was
not identical to m, nor do the examples of alleged 'actualizing exegesis' withstand critical
scrutiny.
The oft-repeated but mostly meaningless truism that every translation is an
interpretation requires differentiation, especially in light of claims regarding 'actualizing
exegesis' made about the OG translator of Isaiah. Of course, translators must interpret
what they think the source text means; and they must decide on the most appropriate
manner of expressing that message so that it is meaningful in the target language.
Moreover, translators can provide a translation that is faithful, whether it is a literal
translation, that is, noticeably more faithful to the source text, or a free translation, that
is, noticeably more faithful to meaning and style for the target audience; both can be
'faithful' translations.
But there is an essential difference between what can be termed 'simple interpretation'
or faithful translation, and 'intentional re-interpretation' or actualizing exegesis. 'Simple
interpretation' (whether literal or free) is the innocent attempt to render the meaning of
the Hebrew parent text as it is understood by the translator. Thus the translator thinks
that the Hebrew text means X, and he produces a faithful rendering of X in his Greek
translation, even if certain terms or expressions are adapted to the culture or
understanding of the target audience. By 'intentional re-interpretation', in contrast, is
meant that, although the translator thinks that the Hebrew text means X, nonetheless
he produces a rendering Y which he knows differs from the Hebrew; he does so because
he wants to make a new point, to make the prophecy relevant to the community's
current situation. Although the OG translator of Isaiah tends toward the free,
attempting to make the original comprehensible to his Greek community, he does not
engage in actualizing exegesis.
Listed below are ten characteristics for help in understanding the OG translation. In
assessing the original translation it must be remembered that the original Greek has been
lost or disturbed at numerous points during the long history of the transmission of the
Greek text; such problems should not be attributed to the translator. The Vorlage of
the OG was similar to, but not identical to either lQIsaa or m. That Vorlage did,
however, look generally like 1QIsaa: handwritten in a script mostly clear and legible, but
at points damaged, faded, or difficult to decipher, but not as neat and practised, with
verse divisions, as mL or BHS.
Many Hebrew biblical manuscripts from Qumran frequently show Hebrew forms
which differ from m but which had served as the basis for the OG translation; this is
also the case in l Q'Isa- with the OG of Isaiah. Sometimes it is clear that the OG
correctly renders ambiguous or no-longer extant forms, or even misread or
misunderstood forms; but in these cases, though the intended Hebrew is not represented
in the Greek, nonetheless the translator was attempting to translate faithfully what he
believed he saw in the Hebrew Vorlage.
Again, since verse-division was not marked in antiquity, both Hebrew and Greek
manuscripts frequently show different understandings of where the division of the text
should be. Moreover, when the Hebrew poetic style uses parallelism or is simply
repetitious, the OG often presents a single expression to represent a pair in the Hebrew,
but with no loss of meaning.
Finally, the translator uses understandable equivalents for idiomatic Hebrew
expressions and replaces former place names with contemporary ones; the same meaning
is conveyed, however, with no sign of 'actualizing exegesis'. That is, the translator,
while understanding the text to mean one thing, does not knowingly present a different
meaning in order to show that Isaiah's ancient prophecies are being fulfilled in the
present; he is simply using equivalents that were understandable to his community.
1. The DC witnesses to an earlier text where m inserts:

2:22 > v 2263] hab v 22 1QIsaam63v Lca' (add)
40:7 > v 7 1QIsaa. 63] hab 1QIsaa 2m m (add)
2. The DC correctly translates extant Hebrew forms different from m:

23:10 'i:::llJ lQIsaa63(EP'Ya(ou)<l:(t~'?J)] '.,:::lj) mso, ,.,1:::llJ 4QIsa C
41:5 1in' 1QIsaa 63(a~a)] 1,.,n' m
45:2 0''''';'' 1QIsaa 1QIsab(O'.".,;,,) ll;(Kal. OPT])] 0,.,";'1 m
45:8 1j),.,il 1QIsaa 63(Eu<ppaveftTw)] 1El'j).,il m
50:2 rD:::l'n 1Q I sa" ll;(KaI. CT]paveftaOVTaL)] rD~:::ln m
50:6 'm"'OillQIsaa63(ciTTEaTpElJJa)] 'n"100il m L
53: 11 "1~ lQIsaa lQIsab4QIsad(["li~)ll;(<pWt;-)] > m (il~'" = err for rm II j):::lrD')
3. Similarly, the DC correctly translates mforms sohicli differ from the Qumranform:
6: 10 r.lrDil ('VOoo) 1Q Isaa] )r.lrDil m63(ETTaxuvlh]) a'(EAL1Tavlh])
4. The DC correctly translates ambiguous or alternate forms:
1:27 il':::lrD1 lQIsaa] il':::l~1 mLa'a'; il;[:::l]rD1 il':::lrDi[ 4QIsa f ; ~ atx~aAwaLa aUTi'\e; 63(= il':::ltlJ)
2:6 1P'ElrD' lQIsaam63(TToAAcl ... E'yEvt'llh] aVToLe;])a'8'] 1PElO' 4QIsa ba'(EKpOTT]aav)
3:8 'J'j) lQIsaaa'a'] 'Jj) m, OLOTL VUv ETaTTELVwlh] ll;(..Ji1Jj)
55:1 :::l'?m lQIsaa] :::l7r:r1 mLa'a'; Kat aTEap (= :::l?r:n) 63
56:11 O'j),.,illQIsaa] Cl'j)i lQIsa bm (= -Jilj)i); TTOVTjpOI. (= ,j)j)") 63S<l:
5. The DC correctly translates a plausible but non-extant or misread IIebreu: text:
16:11 rD.,n lQIsaa m] 0 EVEKaLVWae; (= rznn) 63 (cf 41:1)

34:4 n":::l(1)D1 ... "J(1)J:) "1:::l' l QIsa" m] TTEaELTUL ... Kat we; TTLTTTEL 63 ("I'?m)
41:1 1(D,.,nil lQIsaa m ] EyKaLvL(e:a8f (= lrD'in;,) 63 (cf 16:11)
41:2 "i" 1QIsaa e] 'i' m; Exan')aEl (= "in' cf v 5 and BHS note) e

44:8 "n~n 1QIsaa m] lTUpUKuA1JlTTEa6E (= "n:ln) e
44:11 ltDl::1' 1'i::1m 1QIsaa m L(1tDj; 1'i~r:))] 06EV EYEVOVTO« ~i::1?) E61pav6T]auv(= ltD:;l:/'::1in) e
48:9 Ti~~ (= "li~) 1QIsaam] 8ElEw aOL (= l~i~) e
59:15 ,l.rio 1QIsaam] TIjv 8l(lvOLUV (= .l.1'O?) Ii) (cf 16:11; 41:1)
6. The OG misunderstands the Hebrew text:
7:20 iii':ltDil i.l.1n::1 1QIsaa mL(ili':ltvil) Ii)BO(T41 ~qlLa6w~EV41 = .Ji:ltv) u' a' 6'] T41 Eup41 T41 ~E'YaA4J
KUt ~E~E6oo~EV41(= .Ji~) Ii)
10:17 ltDl'Pl 1Q'Isa" ma'(KUt 0 ayLO£;" ulJToD)] KUt uYLaaEl UlJTOV Ii)
10:18 "::1:11 1QIsaam] alTOa~EU61laETaL (= il::1:1') e
10:18 oo~ 000:1 1QIsaam] 0 </>Euywv (= .J01~) W£;" 0 </>Euywv alTO </>AOY0£;" KULOIlEVT]£;" Ii)
17:11 :mOl 1QIsaa] ::1~:I' m L; KUt W£;" lTuTIjp e
23:3 intD 1QIsaa4QIsaam L(irW)] IlETu~6AwV (= inO·) e
34:17 lp::1 (Cii'? m)i1:l,''? 1QIsaam] ~6aKEa6aL (= ip::1 cn'??) e
44:11 C'tDinl 1QIsaa mL(C'~lO')] KUt KW</>Ot (= C'~llJ') e
55:5 Mipn .l.1,n ~(l)'? ',J 1QIsaa m] E8VT] a OUK J58naav oe E-nLKUMaovTUL oe e (cf v 5a~)
60:21 i~~ 1QIsaamL(i~~)] > 1QIsabm m s ; </>uMaawv (= i~) e
63:19[64:1] iimi" 1QIsaa] n,j.,; 1QIsabm; TpOIloC (= "'.l.1i cf 33:14) ATJIll/JETaL e (see 64:2[3])
63:19[64:1] "T~ 1QIsaam (b'T)] mKTjaoVTuL 6iD(defluerent) (= bT~)
7. The OG shows a different division of text:
1:26-27 (271) F~(27') 1QIsaa] 27 init m, 26fin e

3:17-18 i'O' ~'iiil C"::1 18 1QIsaa m] EV Tij TJIlEpq EKElVlJ 18KUt a</>EAEl e
8:13-14 (il'ill 4QIsa1m)M'il'14 C:I~i.l.10 ~'i1l 1QIsaa4QIsa'mu'a'S] 14Kat fO.V E-n' UUT41lTElTOL8wc ~C
EaTal aOL Ii); 'ii" p'?::lpn M'? CM,14 p~Elpn ~'i1l ([
8:22-23[9:1] 1'tD'iii n.l.1:1 23 ... ,,?'~ l Q'Isa'' (cf 3:11)] 1'tD~iii n.l.1:1 ... ~'? ':123 m; KUt OUK ... ELU< KaLpoD.
23[lJTolJTO lTpGhov rrotst Ii)
10:5-6 (6') '1:J.t1T(6') 1QIsaa] 6 'O.l.1T m; '0.l.1T"*6 e (see BHS n 5b )
10:17-18 '1::1:11 18 ,n~ Cl'::1 1QIsaama'] 18TiJ TJIlEpq EKElVlJ alTOa~Ea61laETUl (= il::1:1') e
10:29-30 n::1 l'?'P ''?ii~30 iiO~ 1Q I sa" m e VQmgLC] 3°</>EuEETaL li 6uYclTTjp e
14:6-7 ri~ii '?(l)~ i1I::lptD iim 7 1QIsaam] aVElTUUaUTO lTElTOL8wc 7lTu a u li yfj e
16:1 '?tDO,:l 1QIsaa] ?tvO i:l 1QIsab ( ] i:l)m; We; EplTET<1 ElTtli)(= -'? tvOi:l?)
16:6-7 ~,,? p,?,7 ... p'? 1QIsaa] p,?7 ... P ~'? m; OUX OLrrWC ... OUX olrrtoc 7 Ii)
22:24-25 ~'iiil C"::1 25 C''?~il 1QIsaam] E-nLKPEllclIlEVOl UUT41 EV Tij lillEpq EKElVlJ 25 Ii)
41 :16-17 17 ,'?ilnrl '?~i1Z]' 1Z]"p::1(') 1Q Isaam] EV TOLl;; <1ytOl£;" I apuT]A 17Kat ayuAAlaaovTaL e
8. The OG often gives a single rendering for a pair of parallel words in the Hebrew:
1:11 c'"n.l1' C'1Z]::1:1, 1QIsaam] Kat TPclYWV e

2:20 ""~ n~' ... ,'?,'?~ 1QIsaam] T<1 ~8EA{"YllaTa alJToD Ii)
3:15-16 illil' iO~(1)"I6 :m~::1~ i1lii' '~(1)'~ C~(')~ iotss-m ] 1~cl8E >..EYEl KUpLOC e
7:22 ?;,~, tZ1:m iT~On '" iT~On ?;,~, 1QIsaarn] ~OUTUPOV Kat ~EAl </>UYfTal ~
8:13 c:ll:'1.110 ~1m C;'~110 ~1m 1QIsaarn] Kat aiJTae; fOTal OOU </>6~oe; e
10:5 iTOO1 ... t:l:JtZ1 1QIsaarn] "pci138oc ~
11:4 l1tZ1'0:J ... P'l:':J 1QIsaarn] Kpl.OlV e
14:22 ';'J1 1'J(1) 1QIsaarn] Kat OTTEp~a e
23:18 lon' ~(1)?1 1l:'~' ~(1)? 1QIsaarn] OUK aUTole; OUVaXlhlOETaL e
34:1 1:J'tZ1PiT ... .11(1)0tZ1? 1QIsaarn] Kat QXOUOaTE ~
34:4 ?:J(1)J;' ?1:J' 1QIsaarn] lTEOElTal e ('.J'?:JJ)
40:3 iT:Jl.11:J 1:J,m 1QIsaarn] EV Tij Epij~4lll}
45:12 'n~1:J 'n'tZ1.11 1QIsaarn] ETTOI.T]Oa ~
55:7 1J'iT(1)?~ ?~1 ... iT1iT' ?~ 1QIsaarn] ht KUPlOV e
57:15 rrn ?:JtZ11 ~;" n~1 1QIsaarn] Kat OAlYOlPUXOle; e
9. The OG uses contemporary terms for the Hellenistic community:
19:15 101~1 iT:J;' 1QIsaam] apXTjV Kat TEAoe; e

41:18 C'O '~l:'10? 1QIsaarn] EV U8paywyole; e
9:11[12] C(')'n]tZ1?:J1 Cl~ 1Q I sa" rn] ~upl.av Kat roix "EAATlvae; e
19:13 C'''l:'O ... ~J 1.11l:' 1Q Isaam] Tdvetoc MEj.l</>Ewe; ... At YUlTTOV ll}
23:1 tZ1'tZ1.,n 1QIsaam] KapXTl86voc; e
23:2 l1"l:' 1QIsaarn] <I>OLVI.KT]e; e
42:11 .11?0 1Q Isaam] rrETpaV~
10. Loss or disturbance of the OG in the LXX transmission, as shown by errors or doublets:
20:1 111.,0 1QIsaarn] Lapvav ~ed; Apva ll}ABQSmss; Lapva ~L; Apvae; ~ms; Apva~a ~mss
46:1 1:JJ 1QIsaarn] b.aywv ~ed; Na~w ~Bmss a'S'
23: 13 1"l:'? 1 Ol sa- rn(t:J"~?)~·] + ou8£ EKEl OOL avaTTauale; fOTaL ~ASLC (repeated from 23: 12)
29:24 np'? I Q'lsa" m~·] + Kat at yAWOOaL at lPEAAI.(oUaaL j.la8ijaovTaL AaAElv ElpijVTlV ~omn (cf
32:4)
42:10 m?"m 1QIsaa] 'iTn 4QIsa h rn; ~ apXTJ aiJToD (= m?nn) OOcci(fTE TO ovoj.la aiJToD ~ed
44:19 1:l.? ?~ :J'tZ1' ~(1)?1 1QIsaa rn] Kat OUK EAoyl.aaTO TiJ Kap81.q. mJToD OUOE aVEAoYLaaTo fv T1J
lPuxij aiJToD e (dbl)
48:21 C'O l QIsa" m~·] + KaL rrte rm 6 Aaae; j.loD ~omn (cf Exod 17:6)
58:7 (iT);,.,tZ1:J01 1QIsaa1QIsa brn] Kat aTTO TWV olKEiwv o ou ll}0; Kat aTTO TWV OlKElWV TOU
OTTEpj.laTOs oou ~ed mss
I
NOTES ON THE 1QIsa a
MANUSCRIPT AND READINGS
Col. l I s a 1:1-26
All four margins of this column, and of all fifty-four columns of this scroll, are
preserved. The top portion of the right edge of the MS shows signs of stitching that
presumably joined it to a blank handle sheet that is no longer attached but is probably
represented in the Schoyen collection (see Plate E and the Introduction to 1Q Isa").
Much of the lower right margin has broken off along the right vertical ruling from lines
12 to 25. Part of the bottom left side of col. I and the bottom right side of col. II has
broken off, from line 22 to the edge of the bottom margin. The lost part measures 3.7 cm
at its narrowest point and 5.1 em at the bottom line.
All references to a scribe refer to the original scribe of the main manuscript unless
noted differently.
L. 1 (1:1) 1il,1l!ZT' and '0\::1. Two supralinear corrections were made by the original scribe ("i'1lrD', '0'::1m).
For the first, note the loss of a common 'ayin at 5:21; 9:7; and 17:4; for '0"::1 see '0" in XXXII 2 (38:10),
1:l'01'il in 4QTest (4Q175) 1:4, and 10'['::1 at Exod 5:13 in 4QGen-Exod a (4Q1) frg. 266.
L. 1 (1:1) l:l?tD1"'1. What appears to be a supralinear yod above lamed (thus Burl) is the top of the
lamed, part of which has flaked off; see the top of the lamed in the first word of the next column.
L. 2 (1: 1) il'Pril'. The first yod was added above the line by the original scribe ('il'prn' m). The name
Hezekiah is spelled four different ways in this :\IS, and two different ways in m(sec the 1QIsaa Introduction).
L. 2 (1:2) The scribe left an interval before v 2; although BHS seems to present one, mL has none here.
L. 3 (1 :2) [']no°,.,,, The original scribe added a mem above the line ('noO,." Ill). Part of the surface of
the leather following taw is lost.
L. 3 (1:3) 1il'~'p. The scribe added yod above the line ('ilJP m).
L. 4 (1:3) pl::1]l1;. Only a few traces of some letters remain due to a hole in the leather.
L. 6 (1: 5b) After ii10 the scribe left a space of 4 mm in the middle of the 'verse'.
L. 7 (1:6) rrrorn. Only the left side of he is visible; sec similarly in iii.,' two lines above.
L. 8 (1:6) 11:ltD::1. Though the final letter may give the appearance of res, note both that the head is
similar to that of the final nun in pm, the opening word of the book, and that the tail descends below the
preceding final mem QOO::1 m).
L. 9 (1:7) n:J~Elo:J. The original scribe added 'alep above the line, presumably intending n:Jm~o:J
(cf. n:JElilO:J at XI 27 [13:19] and n:JEli1o:J m here). The scribe occasionally positions supralinear letters
farther to the left or to the right than expected; cf. line 28 below, XII 31 (14:28), where final hap to follow
-?o., is inserted several letters to the left (thanks to a note from Patrick Skehan), and XXXII 2 (38:10).
L. to (1 :8) rrrec. For the res d. ,::1......, in line 18.
L. II (1 :9) The scribe left an interval at the end of the line before v 10; 0 BHS.
L. 12 (1:10) -;:1'i. A small trace of each letter is visible along the top edge of the hole in the leather.
L. 14 (1: 12) n~,r. The original scribe added an 'alep above the line, possibly to read m~r (sec "OTE on
line 9), but more likely to read n~,r, which is the common spelling in l QIsa'' (sec the l QIsa'' Introduction).
L. 18 (1:15) ':Jiii. The first letter looks more like he than tan' (cf. ':Jin m and P-Q). From the top left
corner there appears to be ink extending left and downward, characteristic of he, whereas no ink ascends
vertically, as would be expected for taw. Moreover, the stance slants down toward the left, as he does
occasionally (see ilO in line 6) but taw rarely if ever.
L. 20 (1: 17) Above :rO'il meaningless marks appear on some photographs but not on others; they are
not part of the MS.
L. 20 (1:17) The scribe left an interval at the end of the line before v 18; 0 BHS.
L. 21 (1:18) ,,,.,. Because of the break along the right marginal ruling, the right hook of lamed is no
longer preserved (d. Bur l ,2) . To the left of waw is an extraneous dot; see also 3 mm above, and above 101;'
in the line below.
L. 22 (1:18) 101;'. Extraneous dark spots cause the dalet to appear as het and the final waw as res; see
the previous NOTE.
L. 22 (1: 18) {n}.v",n". The scribe appears to have first written the fern. form n.v"m" (= 4QIsa f ) or
possibly il~, but then erased the final letter which yields the masc. form 1;lro; see VAR.
L. 22 (1: 19) 1)?[:J~. Part of the top stroke of lamed is clearly visible below the nun of U':J?' (line 21).
L. 23 (1:20) The scribe left an interval at the end of the line before v 21; 0 BHS.
L. 24 (1:21) i1J'~. The original scribe insert~d a waw supralinearly (ilJ1~ nn.
L. 25 (1:21) C'ffi''1'::l. Under res there is a crease which gives the false impression of a bet or kap.
L. 25 (1:22) C'Jio.,. The third letter looks more like the usual waw than yod.
L. 27 (1:23) The scribe left a small space before v 24; E:l BHS.
L. 28 (1:24) 1:J,~ilO CP~1 ;,,~. The original scribe added he above the line; it is probably intended as
the final letter of ilOP~1 (see NOTE on line 9 above). The final letter of ;,,~, though transcribed as probable
waw, could possibly be yod; see the NOTE on C'Jio? (line 25) above.
L. 29 (1 :25) 1'J;O. The second letter may be either waw (see NOTE and VAR. on line 25; d. 'om in line 4
and ilJ'~ in line 24) or yod (cf. '0~1' in line 13 and ilr.:l:J'1' in line 18).
L. 29 (1 :25) "'~1. The rei appears to have been written thickly or carelessly (over a marred spot or an
erased C?).
Col. II Isa 1:26-2:21

The bottom right part of this column is lost from line 22 to the bottom edge; see the
general NOTE for col umn I. Although part of the bottom margin had to be cropped for
the Plate, it originally contained a small amount of leather that has been lost by the time
of the Schweig photograph that was used by Parry-Qimron; see NOTES on cols. V and VI.
L. 10 (2:3) 1'nn"~:J il:J?tm. The writing by the original scribe is somewhat smaller; though it looks
like it may have been added later, see e.g. ~UO.I1 VIII 1. The taw may have been written over another letter.
L. 11-12 (2:4) rrcrmrn. The scribe began writing n':J1m at the end of line 11 but, lacking space, started
the word again on the next line; d. similarly at VII 27 (8:7) and XLI 10-11 (49: 11); see A Single Original
Scribe §1 in the 1QIsaa Introduction.
L. 12 (2:4) C'o.v" f3. Perhaps influenced by the first 1':J in the parallelism, the scribe wrote a second 1':J
(cf. 5:3) but subsequently crossed it out and added the supralinear lamed before c'o.v (C'o.v? Ill; d. 59:2).
L. 13 (2:4) ''0 ~ '1J. Here ru 2' follows ~ without word-division.
L. (2:4fin ) The small space at the end of the line may be intended as a minor interval before v 5
13
(El BHS); cf. line 19 and the paragraphos there.
L. 15 (2:6) ~'j. The original scribe inserted a supralinear yod.
L. 15 (2:6) 1P'ml'. The surface is marred, and it is unclear whether there is intentional ink or simply
marred surface after the waw.
L. 18 (2:8) 'lW.v{?}. The scribe first wrote lamed (d. ,~? preceding), partially erased it, and wrote 'ayin
over it.
L. 19 (2:11 fin ) Space for one letter (less than 3 mm) remains at the end of the line (see NOTE on line 13),
but a paragraphos in the right margin indicates the division between paragraphs before v 12; 0 BHS.
NOTES ON lQIsa3 99
L. 21 (2:13) itz1::J.' 'J'1~ .,;,. There is minimal space for word-division between these three words.
L. 24 (2:17) c~'i. The left tip of the horizontal bar of he touches the 'alep,
L. 26 (2:19) r"J1". The left arm of sade is unusually thick, but the bottom left stroke is unaffected.
Thus the scribe may have written sade over another letter.
Col. III Isa 2:21-3:24

The left edge of this skin with cols. I-III is stitched to the next skin with cols. IV-VII.
Due to the physical limits of the skin the scribe wrote the final letters of lines 13, 19, and 25
supralinearly (see also XXX 9 and lla, and A Single Original Scribe §2 in the 1QIsaa
Introduction).
L. 1 (2:22) ,'iln. It is possible that dalet was written over another letter (a repeated heti).
L. 6 (3:4) Two dots, possibly to fill out the line (see E. Tov, Scribal Practices, 210), appear at the end
of the line; see NOTE at VIII 9, but also the end of lines 20 below, 116, and IV 24.
L. 14 (3:9) ,,~. The scribe wrote ralep over he ('~ m).
L. 14 (3:10) p~? The scribe wrote a supralinear lamed before sade (p~ m).
L. 17 (3:12) '1'''' The scribe inserted a yod above the final kap, probably intending ';"" (1'" m).
L. 20 (3:15) 'J'~ is written supralinearly to precede rrrr (in" ,~ m).
L. 22 (3:16) p'~. The ink for sade and yod is thick, posssibly over (P)~.
L. 24 (3:17) The scribe wrote m" above the line to replace 'J'1~, which he intended to be deleted by the
dots before, below, and after (,~ m).
L. 2S (3:18) The scribe wrote 'J'1'~ above the line to replace m", which he intended to be deleted by the
dots before, below, and after ('m m).
Col. IV Isa 3:24-5:14

This column begins on the second sheet, stitched to the previous one, and containing
cols. IV-VII. Note also the stitching for repair in the top margin toward the left side.
Parts of the right side of the last five lines have been lost.
L. 1 (3:24) rt]rin. The split in the leather pulls it apart, distorting the letters. Based on the measure-
ments of the intial words of lines 2-3, if the leather can be aligned properly, the ink stroke of the third letter
at the left edge of line 1 is probably the second taw of nin, though it could be waw if the final taw were thin;
note that mnn occurs twice further in the line but nnn twice in the next line. There is a chip in the leather
above the het but no evidence for a supralinear waw.
L. 1 (3:24) There appears to be a small interval within v 24 after pO, similar to those before vv 25 and 26.
L. 3 (3:25) Tn'l..,,:::u,. The scribe wrote waw and taw supralinearly (1m'::J)' m).
L. 4 (4: 1) iTp,fm. The scribe wrote het supralinearly (1p'TI'liT1 m).
L. 13 (5:2) P''1lZ7. The scribe may have written waw over yod (P~ m), d. m'tz1 in the line above.
L. 17 (5:5) rom. It appears that samek was written over sin, though the reverse is possible (rowe m).
Since the heavier strokes are those of samek, and since the top left of mem appears to have been thickened to
hide the top right of sin, presumably samek was the scribe's final choice.
L. 22 (5:8) 'iT'm. Though the bottom of the fourth letter is marred, it is clearly 'ayin, not sade.
L. 23 (5:9) 'Jr'~:::l. The scribe inserted waw above the line ('J~:::l m), though a split in the leather partly
obscures it.
L. 2S (5:10) iTto!J1'. There is a dark spot above and to the right of sin, but the black-and-white photo-
graphs show that it is not ink but shadow (d. the shadow in the the split 2.5 em to the left).
L. 27 (5:12) Before "[']?[m m and 6) have 9n "::J)' ":0, but this MS has space for only two of the three
instruments; a supralinear third is not impossible.
Col. V Isa 5:14-6:7

Small parts of the bottom margin, and parts of some letters of the bottom line, are still
visible on the Trever plate but were lost by the time of the Schweig photograph (see col. VI).
L. (5:17) Ci:l,;:l. The hap is written over another letter, perhaps dalet (see the following dalet).
3
L.3 (5: 17) O',J. The second letter is rei in this scribe's hand, but it is easily mistaken for dalet, as
happened in ti apvec; = O',J. Cf. the rei in ~,rzr two lines below.
L. 4 (5:18) puP. The scribe wrote the he supralinearly (rUm m).
L. 5 (5:19) ",'£1.l1O. The scribe wrote the yod supralinearly (""w.l1O m).
L. 6 (5:20) ~Y!J,,1. The scribe inserted waw above the line (~Y!J'?1 m).
L.7 (5:21) o-rr':I. The scribe first omitted the 'ayin and then inserted it above the line (see 1:1).
L.18 (5:29) ~{1}'1. The original scribe wrote waw, blotted it out, and wrote 'alep above it (~'1 m L ) .
L. 21 (6:1) '!I'm. The ralep appears to be written over other letters, perhaps yod and the right stroke of
he for rrn.. as also at VII 8 (lsa 7:20).
L. 21 (6:1) i~o:>. The scribe wrote 1~0:> (~O;:) m). Though the waw may have been erased, it rather
appears simply to be faded or damaged; see the hap here, other letters nearby, and "'0' in line 9.
L. 28 (6:6) ~. The leather is split through the lamed and separated, giving the appearance of two lameds.
Col. VI Isa 6:7-7:15

A missing section from the lower right of this column results in the loss of the initial
word or two from the last seven lines. A tiny fragment containing several letters of the
last three lines, with text from Isa 7:12-14, was not in the original Trever photograph,
but has been added from Trever's black-and-white photograph of April 1949.
L. 3 (6:10) orDii. Neither the clear and undamaged leather nor any photograph suggests that a nun ever
followed O£1i1 (d. 10£1iT mti). The medial form of the mem in final position, occurring frequently, is not
determinative; note also 10£1::1 at I 8 (1 :6). Apparently the text intends the Hipt il imperative of CO£1, 'make
desolate', which makes sense in this context with :I"; cf. ':1:1" 0£1i1 in 1QHa XV 3; XXI 5 (= Suk VII 3;
XVIII 20).
L. 9 (6:13) iTO::J. The small interval before this word indicates that the MS intends iTO::J as the first word
of what follows, as opposed to the mL interpretation (see VAR.). For another interpretational question
beginning with iTO::J added at the end of a chapter in lQlsaa and m, but not inserted into ti, see 2:22b.
L. 22 (7:8) A Palaeo-Hebrew waw, used as a paragraph-marker in some other scrolls, was placed in the
right margin, whether by the original scribe or by a later reader; see the right margin of the next column.
L. 25 (7:10) i1("". Spacing suggests i1(.,." (= mti), since there is too little space for i1('W1' (cf.~, BHSnote).
L. 25 (7:11) ~. The scribe began to write the word with 'alep but then wrote sin over the 'alep,
L. 25 (7:11) 0l10. The scribe first wrote ~ and then wrote OJ] thickly over ~.
Col. VII Isa 7:15-8:8

This column, the fourth and last on this sheet, is stitched to the next. A section of the
bottom right with parts of the last three lines is lost. The Trever photograph retains
parts of several letters of line 27 no longer on the Schweig photograph, including the
clear scribal dot before (and after) iT1JJ' indicating that it should replaced, not preceded,
by 'J1~. A small piece of the bottom left is also missing, but probably no complete letter
is lost.
L. 1-2 (7:16) :P·rm ... ,,,::1, ... 01C:l:J. The original scribe wrote the three letters supralinearly. The last
is marked with scribal dots, perhaps as already in the source MS, but it is possible that the letter is placed a
bit far to the left and may be intended as :m~n (see NOTE on I 9).
NOTES ON lQlsa3 101
L. 5 (7:18) p;'rzr. After the rei the scribe began to write yod (d. C'~ above and 'p'pIJ1 in line 7) then
wrote waw over it.
L. 5 (7:18) :::l1:::lr,. The zayin is written thickly, possibly over the beginning of another letter.
L. 7 (7:19) C'?'?iU'. The ink above the first yod indicates that the scribe began to write the second
lamed, stopped, and, without erasing, wrote the yod followed by the second lamed. Cf. other instances where
the scribe began to write lamed when yod was needed: '?,?,ii at XIII 3, ?'?" at XIII H, and i1?'D at XX a,
and mii:::l? at LIII 6; see A Single Original Scribe §5 in the 1QIsa3 Introduction.
L. 8 (7:20) In the right margin, apparently marking the beginning of v 20 is a mark similar to the
Palaeo-Hebrew waw in the margin at the right of the previous column.
L.8 (7:20) 'J'1~. The 'alep is written over another letter, presumably yod of m1', as also at V 21 (6:1).
L. 8 (7:20) l?o:l. It is difficult to explain the extra stroke in the final kap unless the scribe wrote both
medial and final forms.
L. 9 (7:20) nM. The taw is clear, as the Schweig photograph in P-Q shows, even though some
photographs show a dark mark near the top of it.
L. 9 (7:20) C'?Jii'T i.w11. The scribe wrote iii nM1 (d. the preceding phrase), erased ii nM, wrote lZ1 over
nM, added i.P, and, needing space for word-division, inserted ii above the line.
L. 9 (7:20) ii nM. The he may have been intended as the first letter of the next word (see the similarly
small word-division in C.Pii OMC in line 25).
L. 9-10 (7:20-21) The scribe placed a paragraphos in the right margin to mark the end of the section,
and, since the text filled out the line, slightly indented line 10.
L. 11 (7:22) ~. The scribe wrote?'O (?~ m) but crossed it out; note also ?~, immediately before.
L. 13 (7:23) There is a large dark spot after ii'iTl, marring the surface; see the NOTE on line 26.
L. 15 (7:24) ii'iin. The scribe wrote taw over yod (ii'im m).
L. 16 (7:25) ?rc. The original scribe inserted the word above the line.
L. 17 (7:25) ii'ii' {Ii}. The scribe wrote ii'iin, blotted out the taw, and wrote yod above it (ii'iTl m).
L. IS (8:1) 6"'11"2. The scribe inserted bet above the line.
L. 19-20 (8:2) ii'i1M \ nM. On some photographs the second letter looks like waw, which would thus
exhibit the phenomenon at line 27-2S below and at II 11-12 (2:4); but the leather and other photographs
clearly show a taw (nM m), partly lost in the cracked leather.
L. 25 (8:6) iim C.Pii. The split right downstroke of the first he is probably due to a split pen (see
Palaeography in the Introduction to 1QIsaa). The letter, situated midway between the 'ayin and the
preceding samek, gives the impression of being the final letter of OMC. In iim there is an anomalous stroke,
possibly a ligature, linking the zayin with the following he.
L. 26 (8:6) nM1. There is a dark spot at the bottom of taw; see the NOTE on line 13.
L. 27 (8:7) '~"~·;ii;i'·. Though the bottoms of the letters are lost, the tops of i11ii' are reasonably
identifiable, as are the scribal dots before and after; there may also have been scribal dots below the letters
(cf. III 24,25). The scribe replaced the word with 'J1~ above.
L. 27-2S (8:7) C'C1~ii] \ []ii. The scribe probably began next word (d. the top right comer of the second
he in C'~?1iiii in the line above), stopped, then presumably wrote the entire word in the next line, as he did
in II 11-12 (2:4) and XLI 10-11 (49:11).
Col. VIII Isa 8:8-9:11

This column is the first of four on the third sheet, each with thirty lines. Only parts of a
few words have been lost at the bottom.
L. (8:9) 1J'~iT,. The scribe first omitted the he and then inserted it; see VAR. at 1:10, and especially
2
XXII 31 (28:23).
L. 5 (8:12) ~. The scribe wrote 'alep probably over waw; see "'lCM1' later in the line.
L. 7 (8:14) ~'ii\ The scribe inserted yod (ii'iTl m).
-
L. 9 (8:16) In the margin there is a mark like a res or Cryptic A het (see E. Tov, Scribal Practices,
Fig. 10.2). In certain light it looks much lighter than the ink of the text (see the Trever photograph in
Scrolls from Qumran Cave 1, 1972), in other light it looks similar to the text and the paragraphos at line 12.
There are also two dots, possibly to fill out the end of the line (see III 6).
L. 9 (8:17) 'n':lIT1. An initial he was corrected to het with a strong vertical left stroke.
L. 10 (8:17) ,,~. The scribe inserted ~ (> m).
L. 12 (8:19) n'O~jj. The scribe added waw, presumably to distinguish from the common m~ (ni~ ffi).
L. 16 (8:22) il:::l'XZ1n1. The scribe inserted the initial waw (il~ ffiL) and may have written the het over he.
L. 16 (8:23) 'b':::l. The scribe inserted the yod, presumably to form of? '~; see the VAR. here and at 3:11.
L. 21 (9:3) {1}~. The scribe first wrote a waw suffix then erased it (~i1 ffi6).
L. 23 (9:4) ilEl~. The scribe secondarily inserted the lamed; note the extra stroke before the fin.
L. 23 (9:5) "nm. After beginning the next word the scribe added yod in the space for word-division.
L. 24 (9:6) il::1'C~. There is a thin space after mem, perhaps for word-division, perhaps due to a vertical
flaw in the leather; but note no extra space in the line above or below (d. m-, mq mss; see VAR. and BHS n.6 a ) .
L. 27 (9:7) ::1,,11'::1. The scribe first omitted 'ayin and secondarily inserted it; note other initial omissions
of a common 'ayin at 1:1, 5:21; and 17:4.
L. 27 (9:8) ;~". There appears to be the ink of a base-stroke and slanting vertical stroke which, if a
letter, would be final mem (see final mem just below). It is unclear how the damage has affected the end of
the word.
Col. IX Isa 9:11-10:14

A small section at the bottom right of this column is missing, with the loss of several
words and letters.
L. I (9:11) rn'r~1:::l::l1. The initial waw is further to the right than the beginnings of later lines; it is
possible that the scribe inserted it secondarily (~:::l::1 ffi), though it is not easy to see the marginal ruling here.
The scribe wrote in and then wrote one waw above the he, apparently a second over the right side of he, and
taw over its left side (Mf ffi). For the taw cf. n1o.,~ line 14 and mn 17.
L. 1 (9:12) CU1iTl. The 'ayin is written over another letter, possibly waw or yod or the beginning of memo
L. 1 (9:12) 'L,:xr'. The scribe inserted the he supralinearly.
L. 3 (9:13) il£D. The he is written over another letter, probably 'alep,
L. 4,5,8 (9:14, 16, 17) ~''''i, ~'cn" ~~'n. In each word the scribe added waw supralinearly.
L. 11 (9:20) The clear leather with a small interval before ~~'1 indicates that the scribe interpreted it as
the beginning of v 20 with 6), against ffi; see VAR.
L. 12 (9:20) i'WT.l. The mem is written over other ink-strokes, perhaps a thin letter plus nun.
L. 19 (10:5-6) There is no indication whether the scribe considered 'cjJr to be the final word of v 5, with m,
or the first word of v 6, with 6).
. L. 23 (10:9) non. The het is almost entirely abraded.
L. 27 (10:12) ~Ell"1. The final taw is penned in cursive form.
L. 28 (10:13) ,'~;. The scribe inserted the yod supralinearly.
L. 29 (10:13) O':j[ro,'. It is impossible to know which word preceded; see BHS n. 13 b .
Col. X Isa 10:14-11:12

The leather is worn toward the left side of lines 2(}-22 , and so possibly the original scribe
carefully copied many of the letters over; compare column LIV.
L. 4 (10:17) 1~n'ro. The sin is abraded, and the scribe placed correction dots above and below the yod.
L. 12 (10:25) '~1. The scribe wrote pe over bet.
NOTES ON 1Qlsaa 103
n,.11.
L. 15 (10:28) il The original scribe wrote il'.11, and an apparently later hand wrote a cursive taw
supralinearly; contrast the cursive taw in niNJn in IX 27.
L. 17 (10:31) C':JJ". The scribe inserted he.
L. 18 (10:33) iIO'lpi1. The scribe inserted he.
L. 22 (11:4) ,;i!t? The writing is thick over this worn spot in the MS, but the penultimate letter is best
read as yod (see VAR. and cf. 32:7 m-, mq ) .
L. 23 (11:4) C!l~. The scribe wrote the second bet supralinearly.
L. 23 (11 :4) ~rq~ D~i~. The scribe anticipated this clause (see three words later) and then placed
correction dots above and below each letter to cancel it.
L.28 (11:10) ~'iTl. The scribe wrote 'alep over he.
L. 29 (11:11) ~. The scribe inserted ~ supralinearly.
L. 30 (11:12) iW:n. It appears that the pen split on the vertical strokes of the last two letters; see NOTE on
XIII 14 below.
Col. XI Isa 11:12-14:1

There are smudges in the right margin near the top. In the right margin before line 4
there is also what appears to be a theta or Cryptic A qop (see E. Tov, Scribal Practices,
Fig. 10.3), but it does not appear to be ink (see the Trever photograph in Scrolls from
Qumran Cave 1, 1972), or is at least much lighter ink than the text or paragraphoi (d.
the res or Cryptic A het and the NOTE at VIII 9). The horizontal crease at line 16 is
excessively strong, causing difficulties for a number of letters.
L. 5 (11:15) n.tr.JrD'? The scribe wrote taw over he.
L. 6 (11:16) orni;l.11. The fifth letter and possibly another following it has been abraded.
L. 10 (12:4) :J'i'J. The scribe wrote the iin supralinearly.
L. 10 (12:6) rolDi'm. The scribe crossed out rc and wrote ro~,,' supralinearly.
L. 19 (13:10) Ci1'i;l6~,. The scribe wrote samek heavily over samek-yod.
L. 19 (13:10) ~1i;l 2'. The scribe wrote 'alep over 'ayin.
L. 19 (13:10) 'i~. The word is certain from the leather.
L. 27 (13:19) ~. See I 9 (1:7) and the NOTE there.
L. 29 (13:22) C'~. The scribe wrote the yod supralinearly.
Col. XII Isa 14:1-29

This column begins the fourth skin, with cols. XII-XV. Apparently an imperfection in
the leather at the bottom of the sheet precipitated a tear which extends from the bottom
margin up to line 2. This tear occurred after the scroll was inscribed. The overlapping of
the leather and the stitching (which still remains) obscures a number of letters.
L. 1 (14:1) ';1[.11] 2'. The <ayin and part of the lamed are abraded.
L. 8 (14:6) roo. The scribe wrote taw over he.
L. 11 (14:9) ~. The scribe wrote 'alep over 'ayin.
L. 13 (14:11) -rmn. The scribe wrote het over 'ayin.
L. 15 (14:13) il~:J:li;l:J. The scribe first wrote final hap and then wrote medial hap over it.
L. 20 (14:19) im. The scribe wrote the first two letters thickly, perhaps over other letters.
L.24 (14:23) []ru1;ci;l. Judging from spacing of the repair pattern, there may have been space for a taw;
d. nulir.Ji;l Parry-Qimron (tD"11Ci;l nn.
L. 31 (14:28) rr?~ ?CO,. The missing hap of?o., was added, presumably by the original scribe, too far
to the left, as he did occasionally elsewhere; see NOTE at I 9 (1 :7) and A Single Original Scribe §9 in the
1QIsaa Introduction.
Col. XIII Isa 14:29-16:14

L. 3 (14:31) '''''''iT. The scribe began to write the top of the first lamed immediately after he, stopped,
left that stroke, wrote the first yod, and then wrote the lamed; for other examples of this phenomenon, see
line 24 below and the NOTE on VII 7.
L. 12 (15:5) ".11 ':'::IfD. The scribe first wrote ".11 i'::IfD, then added the correction dots to redivide the
words as ".11' '::IfD 0'.11.11' '::IfD m).
L. 14 (15:7) C{;}n{i}ipEll The scribe first wrote C'm'pEl' but then blotted out waw 2° and yod and put
cancellation dots above them to produce cn'PEl, (= m). The downstroke of the dalet displays a split pen tip
(see NOTES at VII 25; X 30; etc.); there was no waw before the dalet.
L. 18 (16:2) ~{o}'iT1. After the yod the scribe made a vertical stroke (waw or the right stroke of he?) but
then blotted it out (iT'iT1 m).
L. 24 (16:7) "'''''. The scribe began to write the top of the first lamed immediately after the first yod,
stopped, left that stroke, wrote the second yod, and then wrote the lamed; see the NOTE on line 3 above.
L. 26 (16:9) ".11{"}. The scribe wrote either lamed or a supralinear letter (waw?) then blotted it out; cf.
".111 two words later.
Col. XIV Isa 16:14-18:7

L. 2 (16:14) 1,0.,iT. The original scribe first wrote 1'0.', then prefixed an additional he in the margin;
see A Single Original Scribe §3 in the 1QIsaa Introduction.
L. 2 (16:14) '.11{r~}o. Although it is possible that the scribe wrote sade over lamed, it is more likely that
he first wrote sade and then blotted it out and wrote zayin supralinearly ('.11fO m).
L. 9 (17:6) C"JiJ. The second letter may be dalet or res (O',J,J m and P-Q), but its form is virtually
identical to the dalet in O"'~ in line 4 above and quite distinct from many other occurrences of res.
L. 10 (17:6) 'El.llO::l. The scribe apparently wrote yod heavily as his final choice over two previous
attempts, ralep and he. The curled left downstroke and the vertical stroke protruding up near the left of the
top horizontal can only form 'alep (or cursive taw). The vertical stroke protruding high at the right plus the
horizontal stroke protruding left can only form he or dalet. Since he could be expected (iT'ElJ1O::I m), 'alep was
probably first letter written, then he, then yod.
L. 14 (17:9) in.11o. There is a chip in the leather at the bottom of the last two letters; the last letter is
probably waw because of the narrow head and the contrast of final waw with final yod ('f.110 m; ;n.llo P-Q).
L. 17 (17: 10) iJi/ '''ifn. The bottom of the supralinear letter is lost from the leather, and the top looks
most like the expected waw (UJ1lm mL ; iJi1',m P-Q).
Col. XV Isa 18:7-19:23

L. 2(18:7) ~'JO'. The scribe wrote the first wow over the beginning of another letter.
L. 10 (19:7) m,.Il. The scribe wrote 'ayin over another letter with a right, and possibly a left, down-
stroke, perhaps he.
L. 13 (19:9) o{'}'ntDEl. The scribe began to write the top of the lamed immediately after the pe, perhaps
thinking of 0"nz1'?£l, stopped, left that stroke, then continued the rest of the word; see the NOTE on VII 7.
L. 15 (19:11) o'on. The scribe skipped the hap (O'rDn), but neither he nor a subsequent reader noticed.
L. 20 (19:16) ~,.,. The scribe apparently wrote uiaui-talep over an original he (~"'iT·).
L. 22-23 (19:17) There was a hole in the leather, probably before the text was written, since there is space
left and no words were skipped.
NOTES ON lQI saa 105
Col. XVI Isa 19:23-21:15

This column begins on the fifth skin, which contained cols. XVI-XIX. There was ancient
damage in lines 1+.18 and stitching for repair prior to the copying of the text.
L. 22 (21:7) ::1lOpiil. The scribe wrote qop over another letter.
L. 26 (21:10) il'l,". The yod was written over an ralep, perhaps of ':m~, and has a blob of ink at its
centre (see III 3 and XLVII 13).
L. 27 (21:10) lD'. The hap was written over he.
L. 32 (21:15) 'JElr.)'. The mem was written over another letter.
Col. XVII Isa 21:15-22:24

L. 1 (21:16) There is an eliptical mark above rz:rf?v:J.
L. 7 (22:4) ,;~irl. The second letter looks more like waw than yod and appears to have been abraded
rather than erased.
L. 8 (22:5) After ';:) there is a small hole in the leather.
L. 11 (22:8) i'ti\". The yod was written over an ink-stroke.
L. 14 (22:11) The scribe may have begun writing a letter before 1'::1.
L. 20 (22:14) l'Wil. There is a small defect in the leather after 'ayin, and the first waw is either blotted
out or, more likely, written over another letter, perhaps 'ayin.
L. 24 (22:16) p~o rn::l. The scribe first wrote 'm::1 and then wrote the mem over the yod.
L. 25 (22: 17) lC'W'. The yod was written over another letter or two.
L. 29 (22:11) There is an ancient stitched repair before lC'~',
Col. XVIII Isa 22:24-24:4

A tear at the top left of the column has distorted especially the letters in ~o., in line 3.
The tear happened after the text had been inscribed; see ~~1:)~ at the top of the next
column. The first of a series of " marks appears at the left of line 2, possibly marking
the importance of v 25; see Scribal Marks in the Introduction to lQIsaa.
L. 13 (23:8) O'ifZP'ino. The scribe, possibly having confused the sounds of the two words, first wrote
i1'~, then wrote the mem over the he and il'ino supralinearly.
L. 13 (23:8) ri~{ry}. The scribe first wrote he, then put dots above and below to cancel the letter, then
blotted it out.
L. 20 (23:13) ilL':'O'. See the similar phenomenon at XIX 28 (25:2).
Col. XIX Isa 24:4-25:5

L. 2 (24:5) ,i::l31. Although there appears to be a dark mark like yod above the bet, it is not ink.
L. 5 (24:8) 0'00. The final mem was written over final nun.
L. 10 (24:14) mi'. The yod is written heavily, possibly over another letter; see the NOTE on line 19.
L. 11 (24:14) A blemish, or possibly an erasure, follows il1i1'.
L. 19 (24:20) i'Oa'1;:). The hap is written heavily, possibly over another letter; see the NOTE on line 10.
L. 27 (25:1) ilJm. The ink of the waw is probably smeared, or perhaps the letter was blotted out.
L. 28 (25:2) .."FJO' . See the similar phenomenon at XVIII 20 (23:13).
L. 30 (25:4) ilonO{1}". It is difficult to determine why a waw was written before iTOMO. That it was
probably not part of" is indicated by the elongated final waw in "; however, there would be no word-
division if the waw were prefixed to ilonO. Perhaps ilono was written, then the scribe may have thought that
waw should be prefixed to iTOMO, and then saw that it should not be added and (partly) erased it.
Col. XX Isa 25:6-26:18

This column begins on the sixth skin, which contained cols. XX-XXII.
L. 3 (25:7) iE. The leather is slightly chipped at the top of the waw.
L. 8 (25:9) m'JJ. The scribe began to write the top of the lamed immediately after the gimel, stopped,
left that stroke, wrote the yod, and then wrote the lamed; see the NOTE on VII 7.
L.26 (26:14) C'Men{'}. The wow was erased.
L. 28 (26:15) ~. The heavy ink of 'alep and the line protruding from its left side indicate that it was
written over he.
Col. XXI Isa 26:19-28:2

L. 12 (27:4) i'C~. The scribe put dots above and below the first yod to delete it (i'~ ffi). The second
yod is written over another ink stroke.
L. 18 (27:9) iiMc!ln. The final letter initially looks like a double waw: the first a heavily corrected waw,
the second a regular waw (which shows no sign of attempted erasure). But it rather appears to be he with a
vertical loss of the ink surface down the interior left side. The letter cannot be taw (nc:ln ffi). For a letter
with thicker ink following letters with thinner ink, see ~'f? immediately below.
Col. XXII Isa 28:2-24

L. 3(28:4) in'C{i}:D{}. The beginning of he and the first wow were erased.
L. 5 (28:5) n{'}j'~. The taw was written over a partly erased waw-taw.
L. 7 (28:7) ""'ClZr.Jl The hap was written over another letter, possibly res.
L.8 (28:7) 10. The nun was written over yod.
L. 12 (28:11) ~:l'. The lamed was written over 'ayin or a partial Sin.
L.25 (28:19) i'l7":li. The waw was written probably over a partial bet. The scribe began to write the
second lamed after the first, stopped, leaving the top trace, then wrote the yod and the second lamed; see the
next NOTE and A Single Original Scribe §5 in the 1QIsaa Introduction.
L. 29 (28:22) ~. The scribe began to write the lamed after the first taw; see the NOTE on VII 7.
L. 31 (28:23) '1J'~i. The he was secondarily added in the margin; see 'I:I'~', in VIII 2 (8:9) and '00.11 in
XXIX 16 (36:11).
Col. XXIII Isa 28:24-29:21

This column is the first on the seventh skin, which contained cols. XXIII-XXV. Dots
are visible at the ends of lines 2 and 13, but whether they are intentional or not is called
into question by a similar dot above 100 in line 21.
L. 3 (28:26) 'Oi"{'}. The first wow has been erased.
- L. 5 (28:29) ~. The sade was written over another letter, possibly ralep,
L.8 (29:3) in:>. The res was written over dalet.

L. 16 (29:8) ~EJJ1. There is a small space after the first waw, suggesting that the scribe first began to
write 1Z1ElJ, then erased the base-line of the nun and wrote waw.
L. 17 (29:9) {'},1.11J. The scribe apparently anticipated the following waw-lamed of i~" and had to
erase the lamed.
L. 22 (29:13) 'JrT:J:). The top of the waw nearly meets the top of nun, giving the false impression of taw
(d. 'm:D in Burl and BHS n. 13 b ) .
L.25 (29:15) O'p'Cmi. The last mem is written over final nun.
NOTES ON 1QIsaa 107
Col. XXIV Isa 29:21-30:20

L. 9 (30:4) ':l. The hap may have been written over another letter, possibly the he of the following il1"T.
L. 13 (30:6) il~. The spots above pe are not ink. The pe appears to have been ligatured to a following
waw or yod, which was then partly erased.
L. 14 (30:6) ?.l1. The 'ayin was written over another letter.
L. 14 (30:7) 1:l? The nun was written over final memo
L. 18 (30:11) ;JO. The final letter looks more like waw than yod, though the scribe was probably
intending yod; d. three words later.
L. 21 (30:13) 1"{il}.l1i1. It appears that the scribe originally wrote he then blotted it out and wrote waw-
waw above it.
Col. XXV Isa 30:20-31:4

L. 5 (30:23) l.l1iT. The zayin was written over an erased 'alep; the 'ayin may have been written over
sade (l~i~).
L. 5 (30:23) {l}.l1im. The hap was erased and the 'alep of the next word was written partly over it.
il
L. 5 (30:23) i1C"lM . The scribe wrote the first he supralinearly and the second he over taw.
L. 5 (30:23) ~'Cn. The 'alep was probably written over 'ayin.
L. 6 (30:23) il.l1i{f}. It is difficult to discern the scribe's intention. From the ink-strokes it rather
appears that he blotted out the first letter, whether zayin or waw, to produce il.l1i (il.l1i'mti). It is less likely
that he intended to substitute zayin over waw (note l.l1iT just above); this latter would not fit the context but
would be a simple error. It is clear that waw is not the letter that was finally intended.
L. 10 (30:26) ilO{o}. A letter was probably erased before the hap.
L. 11 (30:26) C'O'il. The he was written by the original scribe in the margin after the main word had
been started.
L. 16 (30:30) ".,. The he was written over taw.
L. 27 (31:3) rn{~}. The scribe first wrote i1'i~ (see v 4) then erased 'alep, left the large yod to serve as
waw, and changed he to het to produce mi.
L. 30 (31:4) ,~. The 'alep was written over 'ayin.
L. 31 (31:4) TfP. The scribe wrote nrT' (note rrr ~? earlier), then drew a deletion line through the word.
Col. XXVI Isa 31:5-33:1

This column begins the eighth skin, which contained only cols. XXVI-XXVII. There are
two X marks in the right margin. They are apparently intended for this column, not
col. XXV, since they are written on the left side of the stitching and mark divisions in
the text of this column.
L. 5 (31 :7) {il}to'l. The original scribe erased the he, writing the following waw over its left side.
L. 6 (31 :8) C,M~,? The scribe wrote a single 'alep as both the last letter of ~,? and the first of C~,
then rectified his lapse.
L. 10 (32:2) CiT chilO'. The scribe wrote CiT Cine, and then added dots to indicate that it should be
CiTe iilO' (with BHS note 2b and against note 2a - a ; CiT iilO' ffi).
L. 11 (32:3) Two dots appear, perhaps to fill out the line (see also line 29); but see col. XXIII, and note
the dots in col. XXVII above n:w in line 8 and i1'il{'} in line 9, and several more in the bottom margin.
L. 12 (32:4) C'iilCJ. There is a dark spot at the top left of the nun, making it appear as a pe; but it is
most likely part of the ruled line, continuing from the space after :o?,. See similarly the first yod in 1':J'
which follows.
L. 16 (32:7) moi. The first letter, with its head curving to the left, appears most like waw; see the first
waw in u?1:lM in line 6 (mOT m).
L. 19 (32:9) m'l'Moi. There is a dark spot over the 'alep; on the photograph it looks like ink, but it rather
appears to be more like a hole.
L. 26 (32:15) ;.11. The dalet may be written over lamed.
Col. XXVII Isa 33:1-24

The last three lines of this column are left blank to signal the division between one book
or major section and the following one; d. 4QpaleoGen-Exodl .
L. 6 (33:6) nc:>n. The kap was written over memo
L. 9 (33:9) ~il. The scribe wrote the he supralinearly.
L. 9 (33:9) iT'il{1}. The scribe first wrote waw, then possibly put a dot over it to signal deletion, then
blotted it out. But see the dot above CD in the first word of the line above.
L. 12 (33:11) lDp. The sin may have been written over another letter.
L. 14 (33:13) 'n.,1:J). It appears that the left foot of taw is unusually extended, with a bit of the leather
surface chipped off under the yod. See similarly 1D£l'KZ1 in line 26.
L. 15 (33:15) 1{1}?n. The scribe first wrote the waw to indicate the infinitive then blotted it out and
wrote supralinear waw to indicate the participle.
L. 18 (33:16) 1:JEO. The scribe wrote both sin and samek, but the darker lines and the correct spelling
in v 5 (line 4) favor Sin as the intended letter.
L. 21 (33:19) ~.,'n. There is both a supralinear yod (presumably to indicate ,,~.,,; d. il~"1l:1 mL ) and a
mark like ~ above this word. The mark resembles a Palaeo-Hebrew or Cryptic A zayin. One may
speculate about a possible meaning by noting that the Masora marks 33:20 as C'Pl00:J "OOil '~.
L. 23 (33:20) pt~. The possible erasure at the top of sin and the unusual curl at the bottom left suggest
that the scribe may have begun to write (1~)~.
Col. XXVIII Isa 34:1-36:2

This column begins the second half of the Isaiah scroll. It is the first on the ninth skin,
which contains cols. XXVIII-XXX.
L. 2 (34:2) iTOl'T1. The het was written over he, the mem over an indiscernible letter, and the he probably
over 'alep,
L. 4 (34:4) 1~. The scribe wrote pe over bet. The top right comer of the letter is now chipped, giving
the illusion that the more heavily written letter has a double peak and would thus be bet; but there was only
a single peak, as in pe.
L. 9 (34:9) i'T'?nJ. It appears that an extra letter had been written after he.
L. 14 (34:14) ?.11. The scribe wrote 'ayin over 'alep,
L. 18, 19a,b (34:16-35:2) Three different inks indicate three different scribes. Line 18 is the medium
brown colour of the original hand; the superlinear i11iD." is very dark brown by a second hand, and the
circle following t:J'?1.11 is probably also by the second scribe; lines 19a,b are in black ink by a third, Herodian,
hand. Note the differences in yod, res, and he between the second and third hands.
L. 19a (35:2) mJ. There were two spots on the leather preceding this word before the scribe wrote, and
so he left space, as he did for the top of lamed in the next line.
L. 24 (35:7) ttr.:lU1. The scribe wrote ralep over he.
L. 27 (35:10) ;UU'CD'. There are scribal dots over bet and he to indicate deletion.
Col. XXIX Isa 36:3-20

L. 3 (36:4) l?o. Note the deletion dot high and to the left of lamed; see similarly O'?1Dn':J in line 10 (36:7).
L. 13 (36:9) c:h. The scribe wrote mem (plur.) over he (sing.).
NOTES ON 1Qlsa8 109
L. 16 (36:11) 1XlD was probably momentarily omitted and then written by the original scribe in the
right margin.
L. 17 (36:11) ilCm. The scribe may have written he I" over het,
L. 19 (36:12) i1Coi"rttl. The nun has a short stroke at the top left, appearing like pe; but seei1:lpJ1 in line 7.
L. 20 (36:13) ~1. The dark line above mem and waw is not ink.
L. 23 (36:15) &;!:lm. The scribe initially wrote 7:lm (the bottom tips of both yod and lamed I" are visible),
then wrote a heavy lamed over yod-lamed.
L. 26 (36:17) ~ 2'. The second letter at first looks like dalet; however, the top right comer of the letter
is not ink but rather a small round foreign substance; note similarly the mark above i10:::l~i~:::l two words
earlier.
Col. XXX Isa 36:20-37:24

L. 3 (36:22) ~. The ralep was written over another partial letter.
L. 6 (37:2) ~1 2'. The ink of the taw has blurred; see similar letters below.
L. 8 (37:3) iT1&;!&;!. After m&;!, above '&;!1~, it appears that nm was written superlinearly; subsequently
it was either erased or damaged.
L. 9 (37:4) i1nwrn. The final letter is written above the line due to lack of space at the edge ofthe leather.
L. 10-l1b (37:4-7) The end of v 4 plus vv 5-7 were added subsequently. Both the script and the non-
conventional placing of a final letter above the line at the edge of the leather (c'i:::l'i1) indicate that the
insertion is by the original scribe (see NOTE on line 9 above; see also the general NOTE on col. III).
L. 118 (37:6) ~bis. The 'aleps may have been written over 'ayins, or the ink has blurred.
L. I1b (37:7) :::ltD1. There is ink between bet and the following lamed, possibly the right stroke of he,
waw, or nun.
Col. XXXI Isa 37:24-38:8

This column begins the tenth skin, which contained cols. XXX-XXIII.
L. 4 (37:26) 'n'tDD. The end of the word was written over other letters.
L. 5 (37:27) 1lZ1:Wr1. The scribe first wrote1:::lrD'1, then inserted deletion dots and added sin (1rD:::l1 ffi).
L. 12 (37:33) i'Di1 &;!iJ. The 'ayin was written over 'alep or the reverse, but the 'oyin seems more
definite; the dot above may be a deletion dot. The he was written over -ayin.
L. 13 (37:33) ~1&;!1 2'. The lamed was written over another letter.
L. 14 (37:34) C1~1J. The scribe apparently inserted an additional waw after nun without erasing the
second waw.
L. 17 (37:37) :::l1ttl'1. On some photographs there appears to be an extra waw inserted supralinearly just
before bet, but see the photograph by Schweig in the Parry--Qimron edition, and note the similar
phenomenon over n1:::l'nJ at XXXVI 29 (43:19).
i1
L. 22 (38:3) 'ro !fi1. The scribe first wrote 'ro'?iT, then, intending to correct to 'ro'?iTm, wrote the taw
so close to the lamed that he had to write the second he on the left side of lamed.
L. 26 (38:6) ':';iJi1 ~1 i1:::l&;!'~~. The first 'alep may be written over 'ayin, the relative placement of the
words is uneven, and it is possible that i'D was erased, leaving i1~1.
Col. XXXII Isa 38:8-40:2

In the bottom margin there is a mark, similar to this: 9 . Since there are no other letters
or symbols near the top edge or the bottom edge of the manuscript, is unlikely to be the
ink of an intentional symbol.
L. 2 (38:10) '0\ This scribe occasionally positions supralinear letters ahead of or behind the place
where they are intended. Here the wow is placed prior to its expected position; d. 'O":J in I 1, and the NOTE
on I 9; see also A Single Original Scribe §9 in the 1Qlsaa Introduction.
L. 7 (38:15) ~;,. Although~" was probably intended, the waw has the same form as the following
waw vs. yod in iM'il\ contrast the yod in M" three words later.
L. 9 (38:17) lil. The scribe first wrote medial nun (for iTJiT) then wrote final nun over it.
L. 9 (38: 17) ilnpl:Dn. The het may be written over 'alep; cf. the damaged 'alep of ;';)noM in line 11.
L. 12-14 (38:19-22) Much of line 12 plus lines 13-14 were at first left blank, then two hands filled in vv
19-22. It mayor may not have been the original scribe who repeated vv 19-20; a Herodian scribe later
inserted vv 21-22.
L. 29 (40:2) ~'1p" The final waw is not erased but damaged; d. the head of the preceding rei,
Col. XXXIII Isa 40:2-28

L. 1 (40:2) "'0. A correct form, if Qal stative, since ~ is masculine ('her time of service is fulfilled').
m vocalizes il~?O as Qal feminine (il- analogy from il~iJ and ilnp??), technically incorrect, though the
feminine in the Pi/el would be correct ('she has fulfilled her time of service').
L. 1 (40:2) t:l"?EO. A mark, possibly a Palaeo-Hebrew zayin, was placed above the line (cf, also XV 18,
XXVII 21, and XL 19).
L. 2 (40:3) i:JiO:J. Traditional Hebrew parallelism, matching i:JiO:J with il:Ji.l1:J, suggests that the
original poet (especially in the late exilic context) intended i:JiO:J to begin the quotation. Thus we would
differ with Korpel-de Moor (pp. 17, 24, 40, 52) and the first part of their discussion (p. 24), but would agree
with the latter part (which seems a reversal). Although the NT (Mk 1:3 par) understands, and Ziegler (d)ed)
indicates, that the LXX began the quotation after i:JiO:J, the OG translation can be understood as reflect-
ing the original Hebrew and thus should not be catalogued as a VARIANT. The OG apparently did not
translate il:Ji.l1:J, and though it could be understood as a variant, it may well be simply translation
technique of non-repetition: a single rendering (fV iii fp1lIJ.41) for a pair of parallel words (see 41:18-19 and
§8 in the Old Greek Translation in the Introduction to 1Q'Isa"). Thus, while it may have influenced the
NT understanding, the starting-point of the quotation in Isaiah is not a VARIANT.
L.7 (40:7-8) The main scribe penned the more original wording of the text (without v 7, =\fi; see
Ulrich, 'Developmental Composition'):
ilitZ1i1 l"D "ion ",~, i'~n itz1:J.i ""
C"1.lt;l c'lp' u'm"!' i:Ji1 ~'~ ,,~ i'~ rD:J'
and then left the end of the line blank before v 9 (i mL ) . The scribe of 1QS later inserted what may have
become a customary addition (7aa+7b, itself now already glossed with the parenthetical twil i'lm p~, 7a(3).
Since the beginning of the addition was identical to the beginning of v 8, the 'variant' did not appear to
start until i:Ji1, so he placed erasure dots under i:Ji1 and added the 'omitted' text above the line and down
the left margin. He used the series of four dots for the tetragrammaton, just as he did in lQS, 4QSamc ,
and 4QTest. This less than highly skilled scribe misspelled two words (pi and ?'~), probably wrote n over
il (there seems to be unexpected ink to the left of n) both times in i~ and ?'~, and continued the addition
beyond where he should have stopped.
L. 9 (40:9) 'i~. The original scribe added a supralinear waw ("~ ffi).
L. 9 (40:9) ilo:l'oi11?M. The top and down-stroke after the first he appears to be the right side of he and
does not look like yod. The following top and down-stroke form a perfect yod (see mi' at the end of the line)
and cannot be he, since the top rises above the horizontal stroke of the previous letter. Thus, it appears that
the scribe inadvertently penned one stroke too many.
L. 13 (40:13) 'lrW1{1}". The original scribe added tZ1'~ above the line, after apparently marking out the
initial waw (m.l1 tZ1'Ml m); but see yod in ,,1~ in line 9, and in ')M 2' in XXXIV 13 (41:10).
L.14-16 (40:14-16) The original scribe left two and one-half lines blank after 0£ltZ10 before v 17 (E+i m-),
perhaps aware that other forms of the text knew a longer reading here. An early Herodian scribe
subsequently inserted the text (see Ulrich, 'Developmental Composition'). Apparently the sequence of the
NOTES ON 1QIsa 8 111
insertions, confirmed also by the palaeographic chronology, was first the 1QS scribe's interlinear and
vertical insertion with vv 7af3-8a, and later the Herodian scribe's insertion of vv 14b-16, arranged to fit into
the former, with the nun-wow of iiir/l' nestled into the yod of the vertical ~. The later corrector's yod has
a very narrow head; what appears to be a thick triangular head of yod after dalet is the yod plus 'ayin.
L. 19 (40:20) no,il"l poon. The original scribe left a small space of 25 mm within the line, possibly for
confused or missing text; d. cD. An early Herodian scribe, possibly the same as in line 14-16, subsequently
inserted iJO,il"l 1;:)00,'.
L. 19 (40:20) P:Ji·. The res is written thickly, perhaps over another partial letter; see VAR.
L. 23 (40:24) m,~. Apparently the original scribe changed 01Z1.11 to ElIZ1J (= m) by using an erasure dot,
adding a supralinear nun, and writing pe over the third letter (a half-written he?; see the end of v 23).
Col. XXXIV Isa 40:28-41:23

This is the first column on the eleventh skin, which contained cols. XXXIV-XXXVI.
L. 2 (40:30) '£).P". The scribe first wrote 1£).11'. The initial waw was inserted later ('I£),u" m), possibly by
the original scribe; d. the waw in ,."irT' at col. XXXV 2.
L. 8 (41:6) u,'.Pi. The original scribe added a supralinear yod; d. ,i1pj mL) .
L. 12 (41:9) iIiO'ltl;" The original scribe added a supralinear waw (iOk' mL ) .
L.13 (41:10) .~ 2'. It is difficult to explain the yod, Possibly a non-ligatured yod was written over a
ligatured yod or waw; see XXXIII 9 and 13 (40:9, 13).
L. l4 (41:11) 'XUO'F". j1'I was written above the line, probably by the original scribe (fl m).
L. 15-16 (41:12) The scribe left most of line 15 and all of line 16 blank, possibly for the insertion of
additional text.
L. 20 (41:15) f'in. Sade appears to have been written over another letter, possibly sin (cf.1Z1iM immedi-
ately following and lZ11in later in the same line).
L. 20 (41: 15) rn'E) 'E). The scribe made a division after the first two letters (n,'£)'£) m).
L.25 (41:20) '~i'. The 'alep is split vertically because it is written across the left marginal ruling.
L. 26 (41 :20) ''\O'IZ1'''. The original scribe added this word above the line with dots, perhaps indicating
that it was an alternate to U':J', below it; cf. )O'IZ1" m.
Col. XXXV Isa 41:23-42:17

L. I (41:23) "rnll". The original scribe first wrote ."rnll and then inserted lamed.
L.l (41:23) DlI. Pe was written over some other letter.
L. 3 (41:24) i'TID:J. A vertical split caused by the right marginal ruling makes the bet appear as taw.
L.6 (41:26) i10:>"~. Though a dark spot appears at the lower left of res in some photographs, the
colour photograph is clear.
L. 9 (41:29) i1r:J.,,:>'OJ. The original scribe added a supralinear yod and apparently wrote hap over the
beginning of another letter, possibly yod (note 0i'''Q~ ffi).
L. II (42:1) C'~U? The scribe wrote the lamed and even part of the gimel outside the right marginal
ruling; see similarly other lines in this column.
L. 14 (42:5) c'm?~;i. Though it appears that an original he was erased in order to form a waw, it is
more likely that the right side of the he has simply been abraded; d. he in C'OIZ1i'1 two words later and many
letters at the ends of lines 14-17.
L. 15 (42:6) (..)•••••J~. Supralinear ink marks follow 'J~. Tov (Scribal Practices, 223) and Parry-
Qimron (note 15a) consider them the Tetrapuncta for the divine name (]ii'i1' 'J~ 4Q Isa" mcD). But it is
unclear whether there are four dots (thus the Tetrapuncta), more likely five dots, or even six (the tops of in\'
with the bottoms abraded). Judgement is made more difficult by the defects and the pointillistic
discoloration of the skin. If this were the Tetrapuncta, it was probably inserted by the same scribe who made
the insertion at 40:7 in XXXI II 7.
L. 16 (42:6) i'D,'OOt,. What appears to be a correction dot over the first wow is probably a random spot;
d. a similar spot in the right margin at line 25.
L. 17 (42:7) n':JC'. The scribe first wrote n':::o, and then wrote a large mem over the first bet.
L. 20 (42:10) ~'?o,. The scribe added a supralinear wow (iM'o' m).
L. 21 (42:11) c',~m. A hole in the leather has claimed all but the right arm and the left tip of the
baseline of sade.
L. 24 (42:13) "1:1Jn'. The scribe appears to have written taw over a yod.
L. 29 (42:17) {n}~:l. It appears that the scribe originally wrote het (or yod plus the down-stroke of he
for (ilOtMoEo?) but then erased it.
Col. XXXVI Isa 42:18-43:20

L. 1 (42:18) C'"J1iT1. The final mem was damaged, not erased.
L. 2 (42:19) ~U1{t'}'. The first ralep was blotted out.
L. 5 (42:22) ilO'WO". A split due to the right marginal ruling damages the first letter here and in the
next few lines.
L.9 (43:1) il:::l'~" '" il:::l't"':J. The scribe added a supralinear yod in both words.
L. 10 (43:1) 1'' '. The scribe added a supralinear 'alep; note ~':::l two words later, and v 10.
L. 12 (43:3) ~U. The scribe added this word above the line (lD"W'O m); for the short suffix d. 1~'
in line 10.
L. 13 (43:4) rnw'. The scribe added a supralinear he (~ m).
L. 13 (43:4) il:::l'nI'ln. The scribe first wrote a final kap then wrote the long suffix over it.
L. 15 (43:6) "~O. The scribe seems to have written a waw thickly over either he (d. ~PO m) or a pair
of waws (cf. r'~' n,~~p 41:5, 9) and then added yod.
L. 29 (43:19) rn:J'r'l:l. Apparently unintentional are the dark spot below nun (d. the dark spot in the right
margin at line 23) and the stroke above taw (cf. the dark stroke that appears above :J1rz1" in XXXI 17 (37:37).
Col. XXXVII Isa 43:2Q-44:23

With 29 lines, this is the shortest of the four columns (XXXVII-XL) on the twelfth skin.
The horizontal ruling for this column is faint, and the inscribed lines are not straight
but rise to the left. The next column has 30 lines, while the last two on this skin have 31.
There are numerous small intervals within the line on this column, sometimes in the
middle of a 'verse' in m; see especially 44:2b in line 8.
L. 3 (43:24) ~O:::l:J. The samek is ligatured to the pe (see Palaeography Table).
L. 4 (43:24) 'Jm::ll1ii. The scribe first wrote 'olep (note the right half of the letter) and then added a
top left stroke to make it he ('Jr'l'::J.I1i1 m).
L. 9 (44:3) p~ P. The original scribe added the word above the line (> m).
L. 12 (44:6) ,'~m. The second waw may have been written over another partial letter, or the ink may
have blurred.
L.15 (44:9) iio.",ri'T1. The final he appears to be written over another letter.
L. 15 (44:9) i1Oo'ilOo",m. The original scribe added ilOo, above the line (see VAR.).
L. (44:10)
16 "'11'' '.
The left end of the horizontal stroke of the he is abraded.
L. 17 (44:12) "l]£3;{1£3;}. The scribe wrote -'£3; or -'£3;. He erased the first yod (or wow), erased the
baseline of the pe to yield waw (or yod), and added a baseline to change the second waw into the pe.
L. 17 (44:12) ""~', The original scribe added a supralinear waw.
L. 18 (44:12) iTlTTD. The het was written over he,
L. 18 (44:13) w,n. Probably the original scribe placed a waw (or yod) directly above the rei but
subsequently drew a deletion line through it.
NOTES ON 1QIsaa 113
L. 20 (44:14) p!;lt\o. In addition to a vertical split in the leather there is surface damage to the right and
smeared ink to the left. The left down-stroke of a possible ralep can be seen cramped against the lamed; to
the right of the split traces of letters are visible, possibly the right side of ralep preceded by a thin letter which
could be wow <11!;l~1 m).
L. 22 (44:16) 1':lm1 "m. The original scribe added the word above the line; d. 1~ !;l.o m.
L.22 (44:17) i1tz1.o'. There appears to be circular damage to the right side of yod (i1tz1.o m, but d. the
following verbs).
L. 25 (44:19) 'nE)itz1. The pe may have been written over another letter, possibly taw.
L. 29 (44:23) 7o{1}. Apparently the original scribe had written 701 and then blotted out the first wow.
Col. XXXVIII Isa 44:23-45:21

L. 2(44:24) .op1i{1}. The scribe began with a wow before .1>p1i but then erased it.
L. 2(44:25) C'i::l. The original scribe added the word above the line.
L. 3 (44:25) c'o;,n. Apparently the original scribe, although the letters are thick and sloppy, added this
word above the line.
L. 6 (44:28) ic;n'!;l~'i11. The scribe added a supralinear yod.
L. 16 (45:9) 1i~1o[]. Visible on the edge of the leather preceding wow is the trace of a letter which could
be yod. 1i~1'!;l is expected, but the top of lamed would normally be visible; note, however, the thin lameds at
the beginning of lines 8 and 9.
L. 29 (45:20) 'o'!;leJ. The final yod appears to have been written then rewritten by same scribe, causing
the ink to blur. It was probably not blotted out, since the plural is expected; see also 'J'.o::l in XLI 2.
L. 30 (45:20) ~ 1°. The ralep was written over 'ayin.
Col. XXXIX Isa 45:21-47:11

L. 8 (46:3) 'D{O}. The original scribe wrote 'Jr.lr.l; d. three words earlier. It is difficult to tell whether
the first mem was erased by the scribe or was lost due to later damage.
L. 10 (46:5) {'}'o!;l. The scribe wrote yod twice, then erased the second.
L. 10 (46:5) 'Jmorn. The scribe wrote lamed heavily over yod-lamed.
L. 24(47:5) m~&;loo. The lack of angle and the downward extension of the lamed are unusual.
L. 28 (47:8) i1Jo!;l~. It is difficult to determine whether the scribe wrote 'alep over 'ayin or 'ayin over
'alep; but since i1Jr.l~1 occurs in the next verse, he probably intended 'alep,
L. 29 (47:9) ::l1i::l. The scribe first wrote 11i::l and then corrected the final letter to bet.
Col. XL Isa 47:11-49:4

L. 3 (47:13) C'tz1'im. The form of the dalet is midway between the dalet in the word before and the res
in the first word of line 2; it is nearly identical to the res of ::l1i::l1 in line I.
L. 9 (48:4) 'n.oi~ ~~' The scribe indicated by the use of dots that the three letters should be deleted
('ruI'O nt),
L. 9 (48:4) i11eJi1.o. The scribe wrote final hap then he; the small space between may be caused by the
left marginal ruling.
L. 13 (48:8) ~'~ 1°. The hap is thickly written, presumably by the original scribe, as are also lZl1ir.l in
line 21, and ::lir2{::l} in line 29.
L.13 (48:8) ~'~ 2°. There are marks above the second ~'~, but it is difficult to determine whether they
are random spots or scribal deletion dots (> ffi).
L.19 (48:14) The mark above!;l::l::l::l is clearly intentional ink; see Scribal Marks in the Introduction to
1QIsaa.
L. 20 (48:16) ~. Remnants of several letters following '~ have been erased.
L. 26 (48:21) ,:l''?",. Following he, the scribe once again began to write the top of lamed (note lamed
following), stopped, and wrote waw then lamed; see A Single Original Scribe §5 in the Introduction to
1QIsaa.
L. 29 (49:2) :n2{:J}. The initial bet was messily erased and kap was written thickly above.
L. 29 (49:2) m:l". It is difficult to know whether the lamed was inserted by the original scribe or a later
scribe.
L. 29-30 (49:2) 1'r'£)~:J \ {~:J}. The scribe began to write the word at the end of line 29, stopped and
erased the letters, then wrote the complete word on the next line; see A Single Original Scribe §1 in the
Introduction to I Qlsa"; see also II 11-12 (2:4), VII 27-28 (8:7), and XLI 10-11 (49:11).
Col. XLI Isa 49:4-50: 1

This is the first column on the thirteenth skin, which contained cols, XLI-XLIII.
L. 3 (49:6) c'pm. The original scribe wrote lamed. It was not erased but damaged, as in the lamed in
1:J';''?r.\ in line 6; note also that the following :J'tz1jf.l retains its lamed.
L. 5 (49:7) i1:l~U The gimel was written over another partial letter, possibly a qop (d. '~"'P two words
later).
L. 6 (49:7) ,Y'It'1ZToi' The he was written over ralep, 'ayin, or sin.
L. 9 (49:10) :J'la1. The middle letter is most neutrally read as waw (d. 'lOll three lines below), a leetio
faeilior for :J'ro m. In early hands waw, yod, dalet, and res are occasionally mistaken for each other, as
here. Note, however, that this scribe sometimes writes a very narrow res (cf. 1,n and r'~r:l in the two lines
immediately below).
L. 10-11 (49:11) moo, \ 00'. The scribe began to write the word at the end of the line, stopped, and wrote
the whole word at the beginning of the next line; see also II 11-12 (2:4), VII 27-28 (8:7), and the NOTE on
XL 29-30 (49:2).
L. 14 (49:14) 'J"~' The original scribe supralinearly inserted 'i11?~', not found in m. The dots may
denote a legitimate variant reading; d. similar dots at XXXIV 26 (41:20).
L. 15 (49: 16) l'mp,n The dark spot above qop is some kind of soiling of the leather, similar to that
between cols. LUI and LIV.
L. 24 (49:23) "nrnr The final waw was written probably over an erased he.
L. 26 (49:25) 1':J" The scribe wrote yod supralinearly.
Col. XLII Isa 50:1-51:13

L. I (50:1) iln'?'ro. An initial waw was erased and then another written supralinearly.
L. 5 (50:4) 0 {;}:J'. Following bet, the original scribe seems to have written a letter such as waw, rei, or
he, and then he or a later scribe partially erased it and wrote another heavily written letter, perhaps waw or
rei; cf. the wow or res, in :JVJ /:J'TJ at XLI 9 (49: to).
L. 21 (51:6) C'?UJ". The initial lamed was inserted, perhaps by the original scribe, perhaps by a later
hand, in the space before the word but after t:l'?1l1 was written.
L. 23 (51:8) c"1:Jtti'. The first yod is written in the margin, probably secondarily, even though it is
penned by the original scribe. The top of the second letter looks like yod, but the down-stroke was elongated
(see the right side of the split) to produce waw. The scribe thus changed C"1:Jtt' to ':Jttl'; see also ":Jtt1, at
LII 18 (65:13).
L. 24 (51:9) '~. The yod is written heavily over he.
L. 26 (51:11) {OO;'£),}. The first three letters of the erased word are relatively clear. The high stroke
could be lamed or a supralinear waw, but it is not as high as lamed in other nearby occurrences, nor is
lamed readily explained. The word could have been ",,£), (= m), but note the diagonal stroke continuing
through the initial wow of the next word.
L. 29 (51:13) ':ElO{r:l}. The scribe wrote 'JOOO, then erased the first mem; d. 'JElr:l{r:l} at XXXIX 8.
NOTES ON lQl saa 115
Col. XLIII Isa 51:13-52:12

Moisture has damaged this column along the stitching in the left margin, and a number
of letters have faded.
L. (51:13) The scribe inserted six words in an extra line in the top margin, having noticed that these
0
words were skipped by parablepsis: p'~'rp'~"
L. 11 (51:22) rm. The final he was written over nun-yod ('JJm, or possibly vice versa.
L. 13 (51:23) 'C"£1nl. The sin may have been written over 'ayin.
L. 13 (52:1) 'VJ':J.? The sin may have been written over another letter.
L. 18 (52:5) ~O'.lJ. Though the MS is darkened, 'alep can been seen at the left margin; see also ~O'.lJ
immediately below.
Col. XLIV Isa 52:13-54:4

This column begins on the fourteenth skin, which contained cols. XLIV-XLVI.
Moisture has damaged the leather along the stitching in the right margin.
L. 3(52:15) C~U{il}ilr'. The scribe originally wrote C'~')" r' then erased he and wrote C'~'J ilr'.
L. 5 (53:1) ~. The scribe wrote 'alep over 'ayin.
L. 5 (53:1) {1}?.lJ',. The final waw was erased, leaving the singular.
L. 15 (53:8) Although the last four words of the line may appear to be by another hand, they are
probably written by the original scribe with a sharpened pen; cf. both thick and thin letters by this scribe in
the following column, especially XLV 10, as well as in cols. VIII, IX, XXVI, LII.
L. 16 (53:9) nom. The original scribe wrote O.lJ1, then he or a later scribe wrote a large taw over the mem;
yet a possibly different hand wrote a taw again above it, presumably for clarity.
L. 22 (53:12) iinJ. The scribe wrote he over 'alep,
L. 25 (54:2) '~"{'}~'. The scribe apparently wrote yod in anticipation then erased it.
Col. XLV Isa 54:4-55:8

L. 6 (54:9) OO;~. As the fourth letter the scribe apparently wrote some incorrect letter, then may have
written a yod over it, but smudged the ink.
L. 10 (54:11) l'n,,'O'1. The final letters are written above the line due to lack of space; see III 13, 19, 25
and XXX 9 and lla, and A Single Original Scribe §2 in the Introduction to lQI saa .
L. 11 (54:12) ,,~,~. There are ink-strokes above this word which may be accidental or may be a
symbol similar to that over ?:J:D in XL 19.
L. 16 (54:16) 'iTirDDO? Whether meaningful or not, there is a dot inside the final yod.
L. 22 (55:3) {il}"Mnl. There is heavy ink over the final he, which may indicate blotting out by the scribe.
L. 25 (55:5) rzmp?'. The scribe inserted a supralinear lamed; cf. the lamed in ,'J£l? in XLIV 5.
Col. XLVI Isa 55:8-57:2

L. (55:9) ~'~. The 'alep may have been written over some other letter.
1
L. (55:9) ~. The mem may have been written over some other letter.
1
L. 3 (55:10) J~i11 00)". The first gimel was written over an indiscernible letter, and the second gimel
was written over final hap.
L. 4 (55:10) iTTT'~. Before lnJ'l there seems to be a blemish in leather; there is no sign of erasure.
L. 21 (56:8) 'J"~. Though there appear to be dark spots above the word, examination of the leather
shows that they are not intentional ink; d. above and below :110 in line 16.
L. 26 (56:12) C"il. The waw was written over the beginning of an 'alep,
L. 28 (57:1) 9~. The ink of the 'alep is smudged; there is no sign of erasure.
Col. XLVII Isa 57:2-58:6

This is the first column on the fifteenth skin, which contained cols. XLVII-XLIX.
L. 1 (57:2) m,'). Barely visible is the scribe's supralinear waw (in::J~ m). A vertical flaw in the leather
runs through the horizontal stroke of het and continues down into the qop of ,::J,"1f' in line 2.
L. 5 (57:6) ilO"l? The first two letters are written over another letter, possibly sin.
L. 9 (57:10) tt'''hnllr. Between the two words R'"
n.vJ' (R"
n.vJ' m) is an erased yod or waw. It was
probably the second yod of 'nllJ', both because the straight stroke favours yod (see 1i' later in the line) and
because a space would have followed taw if the letter were waw 1 of R''''. \l) (EKOlTtaaac; Kat OUK) read
0
R'" nllr. See also 'KDiJn""'" in line 20.

L. 13 (57:13) i1OYn. The he may have been written over another partial letter.
L. 19 (57:19) ili'::J::J. The res may have been written over another partial letter.
L. 20 (57:20) 01prDRi;!. The lamed was written over the anticipated 'alep,
L. 20 (57:20) 1ZT1Jn"""'. The two words are written together, perhaps because the scribe first wrote the
plural 1i;l", before realizing that the second w~w belonged to the following word.
L. 22 (58:1) irlp. The qop was written over another partial letter, and the 'alep was written over he.
L. 25 (58:3) tD'~"",. The supralinear lamed was inserted by the original scribe; see rz",p", in XLV 25.
L. 28 (58:5) ~. The 'ayin is written over another letter.
L. 28 (58:5) 'lRipn. The wow is written over another letter.
L. 29 (58:6) nmin. The het is written over he.
Col. XLVIII Isa 58:6-59:17

L. 8 (58:12) n'Q'n:J. In Trever's colour photograph and Plate XLVIII the final taw is obscured by a
flake of leather with an 'alep, possibly from m-
in LII 3 (65:5). That problem does not affect the black-and-
white photograph.
L. 14 (59:3) illD'nU1~1. The 'ayin is written over another letter, possibly waw.
L. J4 (59:3) 111l1::J. The original scribe wrote jj~, then corrected it to 11W::J.
L. 20 (59:9) UJ'a1. The sin is written over another letter.
L. 26 (59:14) if?Iu,. The original scribe wrote mlD' then wrote lamed heavily over waw-lamed.
L. 29 (59:16) ; {i1}t1:)OO. The original scribe wrote 'iln'OO then erased 'il and wrote waw in its place to
produce rocc.
L. 29 (59:17) 1'rDR'i::J. The sin is written over another letter, possibly 'ayin.
Col. XLIX Isa 59: 17-61 :4

L. 3 (59:20) '::J~?'. Though it appears that the lamed was erased, there seems to be no reason for
erasure; rather, it may share the fading seen in ::Ji.l1OO and tl:lOO in the line above.
L. 6 (60:1) {;1},'i;l1l. The scribe first wrote he and then erased it, since the word is feminine.
L. 7 (60:3) im. The dalet was written over another letter; see the next NOTE.
L. 8 (60:5) "'loin. The res was written over another letter; see the preceding.
L.l1 (60:7) ittElR. The first 'alep was written over some other letter.
L. 11 (60:8) ~. The -alep was written over 'ayin.
L. 13 (60:9) ~"pi;l1. The dalet was written over another letter, perhaps waw or yod.
L. 14 (60:10) There is a mark at the right margin of this line which appears to be written in the same
ink as the main text.
L. 16 (60: 13) iREli;! ... "rDM,. Both 'alepe were written over 'ayin, and the pe was written over some
partial letter.
L.17 (60:14) ~. The scribe wrote this word, then drew a line through it and wrote the correct
word after it; note 1'~ later in the line.
NOTES ON lQIsa3 117
L. 18 (60:15) 1m'"". The kap was written over a partial letter.

L. 26 (61: 1) 'In?£1. Either the original scribe or a similar hand wrote this supralinear word sloppily,
separating the word around the lamed already below.
L. 26 (61:1) ~1ip!;l. The scribe wrote the waw over an anticipated 'alep.
L.27 (61:2) ~1'p!;l. The lamed is probably not over an erased letter but shares in the damage seen in
~El immediately below.
Col. L Isa 61 :~63:4

This column begins on the sixteenth skin, which contained cols. L-LII.
L. 10 (61:11) n'~. The}:zet is written over an indiscernible letter.
L. 11 (62:1) ~. The 'alep is apparently written over he.
L. 12 (62:2) ~u. The ralep is written over another letter, perhaps yod.
L. 18 (62:7) C'!D' '111 P1:l' 'J11 r:l' '11. For the triple clause in this MS 1QIsabapparently has a single
clause Q'lD' 'lil, whereas ffi6) have the double clause C'lD' 'J11 P1:l' '11.
L. 27 (63:1) il~. The scribe began to write 'alep then wrote 'ayin over it.
L. 28 (63:1) ilP~::I. Although the second letter looks more like 'ayin, it appears that this is due to loss
of ink from the surface.
Col. LI Isa 63:4-65:4

L. 8 (63:11) U{1}~'~. The scribe blotted out the first waw then inserted waw above the line.
L. 9 (63:13) LJ'{o}O::l. The scribe evidently wrote waw or yod mistakenly for dalet, then wrote dalet
above.
L.16 (64:1) C'010J1. A vertical split mars the original samek.
L.16 (64:1) il:l'JEJCo':l'1t? The scribe first wrote m:>"t? then realized the mem was the beginning of
il:>'JEl and wrote 0 above C.
L.21 (64:6) P'g!;l. The -alep (or possibly he; p'tni"f? ffi) was written over 'ayin.
Col. LII Isa 65:4-18

L. 2 (65:5) ~. The original scribe wrote 'alep over bet (!;l::l).
L. 3 (65:5) ~. In Trever's colour photograph (Plate LII) most of the 'alep has flaked off and possibly
appears in col. XLVIII 8 (Plate XLVIII) over the taw at the end of n1::l'nJ (58:12).
L. 5 (65:7) [1h~. The edge of the leather is folded over, and so the left side of rei and any subsequent
letters cannot be seen.
L. 17 (65:12) '~ErT. Ink-traces of the bottom left stroke of pe are visible.
Col. LIII Isa 65:19-66:14

L.6 (65:23) mn::l!;l. After bet the scribe began to write the second lamed, stopped and, without erasing,
wrote he followed by the second lamed. Cf. other instances where the scribe began to write lamed when
another letter was needed: C'!;l'!;lilJil at VII 7, '!;l'!;l'il at XIII 3, !;l'!;l" at XIII 24, and il!;l'!l at XX 8; and see
A Single Original Scribe §5 in the Introduction to 1QIsa3 •
L. 12 (66:2) ~;:w. The third letter is best read as yod in light of the angle and length of the top stroke to
the left.
L. 15 (66:4) r~;. Ink traces from the left and bottom right tips of waw are visible on either side of the
vertical crack.
L. 27 (66:12) ~':l. Two dots of ink at the edge of the leather, presumably from a preceding word, are the
possible remnants of 'alep, ~':> may have been written secondarily in margin (':l ffi); d. similarly 'lJO.l1 in the
right margin of XXIX 16, and see A Single Original Scribe §3 in the Introduction to 1QIsa3 •
Col. LIV Isa 66: 14-24

The last skin of the scroll is narrow and contains only cols. LUI and LIV. The single
other skin with only two columns occurs at the mid-point of the scroll (col. XXVII),
which ends with three blank lines. These features, along with other factors, further
suggest that Isaiah was considered to be two books in its early history.
That the left edge of this final column had originally been stitched to a handle sheet,
as the first column had also been, is evident from the remains of stitching visible in
varying degrees in the different photographs. Especially the left side of this column was
greatly worn through use. Numerous words where the original writing had faded were
overwritten with heavy, sloppy letters, possibly by the original scribe, possibly by a
similar hand; these are represented in bold print in the Transcription.
Only eighteen lines of text remained for this final column, though the horizontal
ruling shared with the previous column continued down the full depth of the column.
About three lines beneath the end of the text appears "io~, 'He has spoken'. We may
presume that, as in Isa 57:14, the subject is God. Sectarian writings, for example,
4QpIsa b I 3 and 4QFlor I 7, also use this terse expression, attesting to the belief that
God is the source of Scripture.
L. 2-3 (66:16) ~. The scribe responsible for the heavy letters wrote this word at the end of line 2, even
though it was already clear at the beginning of line 3.
L.3 (66:16) ~i:J'. Though the third letter looks like yod, the bottom part of the waw, ligatured to bet,
has been abraded.
L. 9-10 (66:20) ?i:l. The scribe responsible for the heavy letters wrote this word at the end of line 9, even
though it was already clear at the beginning of line 10.
L. 10 (66:20) O;:l1:l':11 C:J:li:1'. The corrector wrote these words heavily over the faded originals,
presumably mirroring the original spellings.
L. 10 (66:20) [ )ooo:j1. The letters in the photographs appear best to fit c;'i'iEl:J" the word expected here.
Parry-Qimron transcribe the word as (C;:Ji[ ):1;) (a repetition of the preceding C':1':l':1,); this should be noted
in case better technological equipment enabled them to see a more correct reading. In either case the original
scribe appears to have repeated a word (0''''50' begins the next line) or added a word.
lQIsaa TEXTUAL VARIANTS
Isaiah 1
1:1 (Col. 11) 1,m 1QIsaa 4QIsaim] + ilv Et&V 15 (tt see EV ~ ... EV airrti 1:21)
1:1 (1) 'O":l1QIsaa] 'O':l 4QIsaim; EV l3aulAEl~ 15 (see C'O,'i1 in 4Q175 1:4; orth or var?)
1:1 (1) jl'nlJ 1QIsaa 1 ",'r.u m
1:1 (2) il'pm' 1QIsaa] 'il'pm' m
1:1 (2) '::l?o lQIsaam 1 01. E~aUlAEooav 15 (tt or ,::l"0·?)
1:2 (2) 'J'~i111QIsaa m] 'J];Ti1, 4QIsai (ef 1:10 below)
1:2 (2) fi~' 1QIsaa 1 r"~ m
1:3 (4) ~.,tD' 1QIsaa mew 1
'tD', 4QIsaj 15(1 UpaTlA Be-)somss; ~a smss
1:3 (4) 'o.u, 1QIsaa m mssl5(Kat 0 AaOC) 5] 'o.u 4QIsaa m-co
1:4 (4) nen 1QIsaa] ~on 4QIsab m
1:4 (5) ,~ .,. ':lr.u 1QIsaam] e-yKaTEAllTETE ... lTapwpyluaTE 15
1:4 (6) ."n~ ,.,rJ 1QIsaa 4QIsab(ii[n~) m15 LCs, 1 > 15
1:5 (7) rm 1QIsaa 1 '" m
1:6 (7) ono ,:l (l'~) 1QIsaa mI5VLCa ' u ' 1 > 15
1:7 (9) il'''.u 1OOtD, 1QIsaa] i100tD1 me
1:7 (9) n::l!)MO::l1QIsaa 1 n::lEl.,0::l me (cf n::lEl.'0::l1QIsaa 13:19; i:l,~i10 cp~' 1:24; m1~ "0 14:28)
1:8 (to) n,ru; 1QIsaa] i1inm m, e-yKaTaAEl<f>Of\uETaL 15; KaL trepurosuov a'
1:8 (10) m,"O::l' 1QIsaa 15 a' 5 0 1 'O::l mo::
1:9 (11) ",tD 1QIsaam] UlTe-Plla 15
1:9 (11) C,'O::l lQIsaa] C'9::l mL ; WI; hoBolla 15
1:9 (11) i1iO'sh 1QIsaa 1 i1"b~" mL ; (Kat) ~ Fouoppa 15
1:10 (12) C,'O 1QIsaa] C'19 m L ; hoBOIlWV 15
1:10 (12) 'J'r~, 1QIsaa] 'J'rjM.,[? 4QIsa f ; 1J'~' meco, m,~~,o::mssoms; ~a~a smss (cf 1:2 above)
1:10 (12) i1;0,.u 1QIsaa] i1'b~ m-, Fouoppnc 15
1:11 (13) C'~"O lQIsaam] apvwv 15(= C'tD:l::l) (see next)
1:11 (14) C'tD:l::l, 1QIsaa 4QIsaf m ] > 15 (see previous)
1:12 (15) 0'0'" 1QIsaa] 00; 4QIsa f m; p~""n ~., 'n'o"o::; lllzmn ~., o::ms
1: 13 (15) ~':J.'" 1QIsaa] ~':J.' m
1: 13 (16) p~ lQIsaa m] VT)uTdav 15(= C,~)
1:13 (16) i1n.,~.t111QIsaa] i1"~.u, ma'u's'; Kat apyLav 15
1:14 (17) 1'i1 1QIsa8 m 1 EYEVl'\8T)Te- 15
1:14 (17) ~,tDJ 'n'~"J 1Q Isa" m(~tDJ 'n'~"J)a'u'S'] OUKETl avf]uw Tal; QllapTLal; UIlWV 15
1:15 (18) ,:l,;; 1QIsa8 ] 1:lin me
1:15 (18-19) p~.u:l C::l'm.u~ 1QIsa8 ] > 4QIsafm15O::so (cf 59:3 1QIsaa m)
1:16 (19) 'Om1 1QIsaa 6)ffiSSll:ffiss5] 1Dm 4QIsafm6)ll:O
1:16 (19) 1i'0i11 1QIsaa] 'c., me

1:16 (19) te'??l1C 1QIsaam] aTTO TWV lJ;uXWV UIlWV 6)
L
1:17 (20) W1" 1QIsaa] 1rol' m
1:18 (21) ilT1:l1J1 1QIsaam] n;;r1J14QIsaf
1:18 (21) 'JrD:l1QIsaammss6)50] O'JrD:l m L (cf Prov 31:21)
1:18 (21-22) 1'~ ... 1J'::1?' 1QIsaam] MUKavw ... AEuKavw 6)
1:18 (22) 10,.:" (vilC'?) 1 Olsa- 6)(GlOLV (<k'»?] 1C""-' m, 1C;[? 4QIsaf
1:18 (22) l1?'lrO 1QIsaacorr m] ?nl1?1r1:l1QIsaa·; )tW?1ro 4QIsaf
1:20 (23) ~; 1QIsaam6)(vid)ll:5] ~ 4QIsaf ; quod si 0
1:20 (23) 1?:lM ::1in::1 1QIsaa cs ] 1?:lM ::1,n m, I-UixaLpa vilas KaTE&TaL 6)
1:21 (24) il:l'il 1Q I saa] il:l'~ m
1:21 (24) il~ il'ip 1 QIsaa m] + LLWV' 6) (cf vv 26-27)
1:22 (25) 1'il 1QIsaa] ~il m
L
1:22 (25) O'J;o? 1QIsaa] O'J'O? m (cf 1:25 and Ezek 22:18 m m
q
)
1:22 (25) 1~::10 1QIsaa m] pr ol KQTTTJAOt oou 6)

1:23 (26) ~'IrD ':J,'1~ O?'D 1QIsaa] ,nro :J,'~ 1':l ma'O'; ayaTTwvTE':; BWpa 63
1:23 (26) 'fl"i 1QIsaa 6)] ~"1 m
1:24 (28) il1l'11QIsaa] '1il m, oooL (ante '~iro' (')"::1~) 6) (cf1il 1il Amos 5:16)
1:24 (28) i'i~C 1QIsaa] 'i~O 4QIsa fm6)(vid)a'50; ('Cl1ll:ffiss~Ol1'~JOO c, ("'~O Burl; cf Bur-)
1:24 (28) 1::1'''-C i10pJ~1 1QIsaa] '::1'1~C ilopJ~1 m63 (see NOTE and VAR at 1:7)
1:25 (28) ::1'rDm 1Q Isaa] ilJ'~1 me
1:25 (29) 1'?'1::1 ?1:l 'i'0~1 1'J;o 1QIsaa 4QIsa f(j';:l "o{~1)] 1'?"J?:l ili'0~1 1')'0 m, TOu':; BE
aTTELOoDv'Ta.:; aTTOM-UW KaL acj>EAiJl TTQVTa.:; aV0I-l0u,:; drro uoD KaL TTQVTa.:; UTTEPTl</xivOU':;
TaTTELVWaw 6) (TOU':; aTTELOODVTa.:; aTTOM-OW KaL acj>EAiJl = i'~1 i'O~ 0'i'101 [cf 1:23])
1 :26 (29) ilJ'ro~1 1QIsaa m] :l'ro[~1 4QIsaf
1:26 (21) 1? 1~'P' 1Q I saa] 1? ~iP' m, KATJ01lau 6)
1:26-27 (1) (27) 11' l' (27)? 1QIsaa] 27 in it m, 26 f in 6)
1:27 (2) ~::1ro1 1QIsaa] il;::1]a71 il'::1roi[ 4QIsa f ; l'1'J~1 mLa'u'; Tj atXl-la>.wuta alrrij.:; 63(= il'JU;)
1:27 (2) ilP~ 1QIsaam] KaLI-lETa EMTJIlOOUVTJ':; 6)
1:29 (3-4) OmnJ ,~ ... 1'1flnm omen ,ro~ 1Q Isa" m(1'ElI;!m m L)] a nirrol lif30uAOVTO KaL
ETT1]Uxuv6T]oav ... a ETTEOullTluav 6)
1:30 (4) 0'0 1'~ iro~ 1QIsaa] 1'~ ):l;c ,ro[~ 4QIsafm6)(vid)ll:5
1:31 (5) teJOnil 1QIsaao] [l]On[il 4QIsafm; Tj toxu.:; airrwv 6)
1:31 (5) C:l?l1fl1 1QIsaa] 1',Pfl1 m; KaL nl EpyautaL ('f] Epyauta 63 ffiSS) airrwv 6)
1:31 (5) Cil'JrD 1QIsaa m] oi. aV0I-l0L KaL at Ul-lapTWAOL 6) (see 1:28)
Isaiah 2
2:1 (7) ~l1rD' nm i~ 1QIsaa] 1il'l1rD' rnn ,ro~ m; 0 YEVOIlEVO':; TTapa xuplou TTpO.:; Houtov 6)
2:2 (8) l'1'l'1' P:lJ 1QIsaa 4QIsa f(vid)mo'O'll: (cf P:lJ ." il'il' Mic 4:1)] P:lJ 4QIsa e 6)(EllcPavk)0
2:2 (8) l'11l'1' n'J 'il 1QIsaa ma'u'S' ] TO ope.:; ToD KUptOU KaL 0 olxoc ToD OEOU 6) (see 2:3)
1QIsaa TEXTUAL VARIANTS 121
2:2 (8) C'''', 1QIsaa] c',m 4QIsae mIDlt

2:2 (8) ~rZ1J11QIsaa mIDlt50] ~']il ~rZ1J1 4QIsae (= Mic 4:1)
2:2 (9) 'il1?.111QIsaa ID(ETT'airro}lt O'?.11 Mic 4:1}) "?~ 4QIsae,fmo
2:3 (10) n':l ?~ 1QIsaa 4QIsa f(vid)] n':l (~ mlt)~' [il'lt" hil ~ 4QIsae mIDlt50;
(~n~ 1QIsaa 4QIsaf?, or dbl 4QIsae mID?; see 2:2)
2:3 (10) ,m', 1QIsaa (= Mic 4:2ID)] '0"" 4QIsae(= Mic 4:2m} m L('Oj;'}IDlt50
2:4 (11-12) C'ClJ"~ n'~'il1\ il11QIsaa (ef 8:2}) C'C.v'? n'~'il1 4QIsae mIDlt50
2:4 (12) ~ 1QIsaa] > me
2:4 (12) c.,'mn'Jn1 1QIsaam] pm'Jn, 4QIsab
2:4 (13) ~,?, 1° 1QIsaaID] ~? m
2:5 (14) n':l 1QIsaam] pr Kat vVV ID (see 2:10; 3:10)
2:6 (14) 1ClJ ilnrDOJ 1QIsaa 4QIsab(~j}m] avfJKE ... TOV AaOV airroD ID
2:6 (14) :l(1)p.11' 1QIsaa4QIsabm6)vLCa'] ToD lapaTjA ID
2:6 (15) 'P'Em' 1QIsaam ID(TTOAAa '" EYEvf)6r) airroLt:;]) a'6'] 'pOO' 4QIsa b a'(EKpoTTjaav)
2:7 (16) fP1°1QIsaa] il~pm
2:7 (17) fP 2· 1QIsaa 4QIsa b] il~P 4QIsaam
2:9-10 (18) rz,.~ lQIsaa] + 2:9b-10 4QIsaa,bmID BQ(+oTaV avaaTij 6paoom nlv yflv; efvv19, 21)lt50-
all with variants, including: ] 0 ~tD[ ~?, 4QIsaa 4QIsa b(] ~?,); c.~ ~ron ~,
ov
rna'a'6'lt(l1il? p':lron ~?'} 50; KaL Ill) avf)aw airrOlJt:; 10KaL vw ID
2:11 (18) 'J'.11' 1QIsaa] 'J'.11 4QIsa b('J;.11} ma'a'6'lt50; ol yap 6<f>6ahllot KVpLOV ID
2:11 (19) ilJ?Emn 1QIsaa] ?OO mec:a'6'; l'~~C' co
2:11 (19) nro', 1QIsaa] nro1 m
2:12 (20) ~roJ' 1QIsaa] t\rbj ';IS ';Ii" 4QIsab mID(+ Kat IlETlwpov}a'a'6'lt50
2:14 (22) C'[C"il]1 QIsaam(C'C'il)] > ID
2:16 (23) il,cnil m'~ 1QIsaam] Olav TTAOLWV KaAAout:; 6); OljJElt:; (rnc) E1TlOUlllat:; a; 6mt:; E1Tl6uIlTjTat:; a' 6'
2:18 (25) 1El,'?n' 1QIsaaIDlt50] ~?n' m
2:19 (25) m,.11C:l 1QIsaam] + Kat elc Tat:; aXlalllk 6) (ef v 21)
2:20 (28) ,'m.11~~ 1QIsaa (ef v 8)] ,? mlt(vid)5(vid)0; > ID
2:20 (28) C'~'Eln? 1QIsaa; m'El'Eln? mmss] m'El ,Eln? m L ; roic uurutorc ID5(sg); 6pUKTULt:; a';
aKapTTolt:; a'; pharpharoth 6'; ~n,.11o? It; talpas 0
2:22 (31-2) hab v 22 1QIsaamID vLca'] > v 22 ID
Isaiah 3
3:1 (3) "OilC 1QIsaa] "00 m
3:1 (3) il"il'C' / C?rD1,'C 1Q IsaamID BC] tr ID
3:1 (4) ?,~, ... ?~ 1 QIsaam(?~, .,. ?~}] > ID
3:2 (4) ,,:::JJ 1QIsaamIDs.] + KatlaXUoVTa ID (+ IDQ)
,?,roc' 1QIsaa] ,?~C' m
L
3:4 (7)
3:6 (8) 'il'nM:l 1QIsaa] ,'n~:l m
3:6 (9) mMrii il'?rD~Oil1 1QIsaam(~rii)a'a'6'] Kat TO ~pWlla (= n?~MC?) TO EIlOV ID
3:6 (10) 1'" 1QIsaa] 1" m (orth or var?; see 3:11)
3:7 (10) ~'1 lQIsaa] tlitz7' m; KUt UTTOKpL6Ek It)

3:7 (I I) ilC?!z7 lQIsaa] moro m (see 3:6; 4:1)
3:8 (12) mElJ lQIsaa] "ElJ m
3:8 (12) ".l11QIsaa] "tli mlt)u'o'
3:8 (13) 'J'.l1 1QIsaau' 0'] 'J.l1 m; 8LOTL vuv hUTTELvW6'r) It)('I/ilJ.l1)
3:9 (13) rrrort 1QIsaa] n"1:(il m L
3:9 (13) CW;:) 1QIsaa] C'''n;);:) m L; We; :w&>lJ.wv It)
3:9 (14) tli1"1 1QIsaalt)(vid)] tli" m
3:10 (14) 1'''Otli lQIsaam L{1'1;ltli)u'6'] dTTOVTEt:; ~"OWIJ.EV It) (=,hOtli? lege "tz7tli?)
3:10 (14) P"'~? lQIsaao'(vid)] P'~ mlt)u'6'
3:10 (15) :m:> lQIsaam] + 800XpTJOTOC ,,;~v EOTL It)
3:11 (15-16) "'0) M';:) lQIsaam(';:))] KUTO: TO: lpyu It)(= "1eJ;:)) (cfl";:) lQIsa'· vs M"';:) m 8:23)
3:11 (16) 1" lQIsaa] 1'" mee: (orth or"var?; see 3:6)
3:11 (16) J1tz7' lQIsaa] iltz7.l1' mu'; OUIl~"OETUL It)
3:12 (16) C'tz7J1 ""1.l10 (1'tz7JJ m)'llDJJ 1QIsaa m] 01. TTpOKTOpEt:; VIJ.WV KUAUIlWVTaL vllik KUt 01.
aTTULTOUVTEt:; It)
3:12 (17) 1"100 1QIsaa] 1"rDtliO m
3:12 (17) '1'" 1QIsaalt)C] 1'" mit)
3:13 (18) '01.l11QIsaa] 'O.lJlmlt)
3:13 (18) C'O.lJ 1QIsaa m] TOV >.aov uirrou 1t)5
3:14 (19) 10.l1 1QIsaamlt) mssa:50] CJJ (= 2') 4QIsab It)a: ms
3:15 (20) ilOO"O 1QIsaamL(O;:)'?o)] 0;:)" ilO mse
3:15-16 (20-22) mil' ~1'116 nlM~ m,' OM1J lQIsaa· o'] miT' ~(1)'116 mM:J~ mil,'J(')1MOM (1)J lQIsaacorr 1m m
It)VLC U'(cf>T)OL KUpLOC KUpWt:; [ado. TTL TTL TTLTTL] OTpaTELWV 16[ ]); 1&r<i8E MyEL KUpLOC It)
L;
3:16 (22) nl'OJ 1QIsaa] n110J m n1'1OJ m q
Lo'6';
3:16 (23) ilJ;:)?n El£l10111"illQIsaa] ilD?n ~~111?il m KUt TiJ rropeln TWV TToBWv UIlU OUpOOOaL
TOUc; XLTWVUt:; It)(= nJroil ~~1?)
3:17 (24) il\1'.;~1'!~' 1QIsa'] ']j;~ 4QIsabm; '1' a:; <> 6EOt:; It); KUpLOC It)C
3:17 (24) 'P'P 1QIsaa m] apXOUOUt:; It)
3:17 (24) 'J1'M1 1QIsa'] i11il'1 m; > It)mss
3:17 (24) 1ilnEl 1QIsaa m] TO oxfjllU uirrwv It)
3:17-18 (25) "0' M1ili1 C1'J 18 1QIsaa m] EV Tij TJIlEpq EKElVlJ 18KUt Ucf>EAEL It)
3:18 (25) 'J'1M';:T}');' 1QIsaa] 'J~ m; KUpLOC It)
L
3:18 (25-26) C'ID':Jtz7i11 C'O';:).l1i1 1QIsaa 4QIsab(C'tz7:JlDi11 C'O;:).l1i1) ] C'0':Jtz7i11 C'O:(.l1il m
3:19 (26) nlElClJ,'1 1QIsaa] mEl'oJ" m
3:20 (27) C"MElo'1 1Q Isaa] 'Eli, m
3:20 (27) C'~Pl 1QIsaa6'] C"tz7p;;i 4QIsa b mlt)u'a'a:(=C'P'tz7ill)
3:21 (28) mif.16i11 1QIsaa] 'Oil m
3:22 (28) m~i11 1QIsaa] 'Oil m
3:22 (28) mElCl.lJOm 1QIsaa] + mElOO.,i 4QIsa b m(mn-)
3:24 (29) 1'il'1 1Q Isaa] rrrn mit)
1QIsa3 TEXTUAL VARIANTS 123
3:24 (41) n,nn, ... mnm ... n[]rin 1QIsa3] non, .. , mn, ... mn m L
3:24 (I) ~:J.' 1QIsa3] ~:1 m
3:24 (I) po 1QIsa3ID(vid)] + il'il' m
3:24 (1) rrnrt 1QIsa3] 'In mID
3:24 (2) no:1 'El' mn ':;' 1QIsa3] 'El' mn ':;' mef IDIDSS u'o; > ID
3:25 (3) l'rn.,,:lJ, 1QIsa3]
llJl':lJ' mLID
3:25-26 (3) U~,26 1QIsa3 m] Kat TalTEww6f)aOVTaL 26 (=,1I1,) ID
Isaiah 4
4:1 (4) ilp,fil' 1QIsa3] 'lp'miTl m
4:1 (4) ~'i1i1 0":1 1QIsa3mIDLa'a'6'] > ID
4:1 (4) uno~, 1QIsa3] un'oan m (see 3:7)
4:2 (5) rrrr 1QIsa3ma'] b 6Eoc; ID
4:2 (6) rrrrri 1QIsa3] > mID
4:3 (7) rrrr 1Q I sa3
] rrm m
4:4 (8) n'D 1QIsa3m] TWV ULWV Kat TWV 6vyaTfpwv ID
4:4 (9) C~'i' 1QIsa3mIDs'vLCy'] > ID
4:4 (9) i.l70 1QIsa3] i.l7:1 mID
4:5 (9) i11il' ~i:1" 1QIsa3] rrrr ~i:1' m; Kat il~El Kat faTal (= rrrn ~:1') ID; Kat il~El IWplC>< Kat
EaTaL IDL
4:5-6 (10) CO,, 1QIsa3 (Oo"rm,,)] ilEln ,,:J:j , :;,
".l7 ':;' {m ID a' il"''')o[]o'' il:1m lZ1~ mJ' [1lZ1.l7' 00"]
]C6i' "'h
[il'iin] {m ii:;)O')il:;'1O,6 4QIsa3 m ID
Isaiah 5
5:1 (12) m'lZ1~ 1QIsa3 ] + ~J mIDa'a'6'
5:1 (12) lOi:;''' 1QIsa3m] T(il a~lTE>.wvt ~OU ID (see 5:2-3)
5:1 (12) ~"il 1QIsa3] il'il m
5:2 (13-14) 3d sg verbs 1QIsa3m ] 1st sg ID (tt? see 'J':1 5:3)
5:2 (13) 'il"'PO" 1QIsa3] "'''pO'' m':
5:2 (13) ~:1" 1QIsa3] 1:1" m
5:2 (14) i1lZ1.l7'1 1 QIsa3] lZ1.l7" m (ef v 4)
5:3 (14) ':1lZ1" 1QIsa3ID{tr rrrrr lZ1'~' I C~'i' ':1lZ1") ] :1lZ11'm
ilJ'O'EllZ1 1QIsa3] ~J'~ m
L
5:3 (15)
5:4 (15) 'Oi:;':1 1QIsa3 ] ':;''' mID(vid)
5:4 (16) i1lZ1" 1QIsa3] lZ1.l7" mID (ef v 2)
5:5 (16) iln~, 1QIsa3 ] iin.l7' mID
5:5 (16) .l7"'~ 1QIsa 3
] il.l7- m
5:5 (17) ~'.l7 1QIsa 3
] illZ1.l7 m
5:5 (17) i'~ 1QIsa 3ID]
iOil m
5:5 (17) 1n:;,,60 1QIsa 3
] "lZ10 m
5:5 (17-18) rrrr .. , rrrr 1Q I sa3 ] rrrn ... rrrn m
5:5 (17) ,.11:1 1QIsaa] ':1? m ~(Elt:; BlaplTaY1lv)

5:6 (18) ~,?, r 1QIsaa e ] ~? m
5:7 (20) 1.P~W1 1QIsaa] ".11- m
5:7 (20) nm70" 1QIsaa] '0 m
5:8 (22) n'J 2' 1QIsaa] ':::0 m ~(lTpOt:; olxtav)
5:8 (22) C'pO 0ElM ,.11 1QIsaam~La'a'S'] '(va TOU lTATJaLov ci</>EAwVTaL Tl ~
5:8 (22) crm', 1QIsaa] cn:JlZ1,m m, ~" olKiJaETE ~ (J omitted, or assimilated to n?)
5:9 (23) 'JT'~J 1QIsaam('JMJ)] pr T]KotJaElT] yap ~
5:10 (24) ~ 1QIsaa] m~ m
5:11 (26) ,~ 1QIsaa] ',~o m
5:12 (27) m.11El 1QIsaa] ?.11El m
5:12 (27) ~':J,' 1QIsaa] ':1' m
5:13 (28) "'::0, 1QIsaa] ri- m; Kat lTAfi60C EYEVT16rJ e
5:15 (5 t) nlZl' 1QIsaa] '" me
5:17 (3) C1:J':l c'un::o 1 QIsaamL(C'lZ1~)] OL BlTJPlTaa~EVOl W< Taupol e
5:17 (3) C'",O lQIsaam L(c'nr,;l; ViTTlO ll ) ] TWV cilTElATJ~~EVWV (= C'!Jr;l? VilnO I ) e
5:17 (3) C'1J 1QIsaam] dpVEt:; (= C',J) e
5:18 (4) i"Morl il?J.Pi1 1QIsaamL(i17~il)] i"Morlil il?J.Pil mmss a'a'S'; 8a~aAEWt:;(= i17~~) Tat:; civollLac; e
5:19 (5) lZ1'n' 1QIsaa] illZ1'ri['Ji 4QIsab(vid) 0; illZ1'n' m; E'Y)'laaTW e
5:19 (5) i"M,:ln, il:J'pm 1Q'Isa" ] ~:ln' il:J'prn 4QIsa b
; il~':ln' J'pm m; Kat EAShw e
5:23 (9) "rw 1QIsaa] i1J(zj m''
5:23 (9) C'p"~ 1QIsaamL] p"~ mmsSifiO
5:24 (10) roil" roM' 1QIsaa] ii:j,,', lZ1lZ1n1 4QIsa bm; Kat auyKauef]aETaL inTo </>AOyO< ifi;
Kat 8Ep~TJ </>AOyOC a'a'S'O
5:25 (12) p ".11 1QIsaama'S'([SO] ".11 4QIsab ; Kat e
5:25 (12) mil' 1QIsaam([So] rnM:JJ~ rrrr 4QIsabifi([mss (ef 5:24; 4QIsab 19:19)
5:25 (12) "" l ' 1QIsaa] ,,, mifi (orth or var?; see line 14 below)
5:25 (13) rrrm 1QIsaa4QIsaf(ii'ilr{,)] 'iln, m
5:25 (14) iT'1C!lJ r-r 1QIsaa] il'~J'" m (orth or var?); " XEtp Vo/rlAT] ~
5:27 (15) ~.11' 1QIsaa] ~'.11 4QIsabm; lTElVaaOlXJlV e
5:27 (15) ~,,,, r 1QIsaa] ~",::1 m
5:27 (16) iTTln£lJ 1QIsaa] n- m
5:27 (16) "".11J 1QIsaam ] ,,,- S'([O
5:28 (17) "D 1QIsaa~(w< aTEpEa lTETpa)] '~:l m':
J~ 1QIsaam J~' m
L
5:29 (18) Q
] ; Kat lTapEaTTJKaV e
5:29 (18) C','£l:l:l, 1QIsaa] ':l:l 4QpapIsaP(PS)m
5:29-30 (18-19) c.,r30 ... c.,r 1QIsaa] CilJ,,30 ... CilJ" m~
5:30 (19) O:JJ, 1QIsaam] 0':1.11 4QpapIsaP
5:30 (20) 1lZ1n ,,~, 1QIsaam] > e
5:30 (20) iT'£)'i.P::1 1QIsaam] EV Til Q.lTOpLq aUTwv e
Isaiah 6
6:1 (21) il'n.u 1QIsaa] 1il'U' m
6:1 (21) ~,~ lQIsaa] '~1 m
6:1 (21) ;~O~ 1QIsaa] ~o~ me
6:2 (22) il?l1OO 1QIsaa] ".11- m
6:2 (22) C'ElJ:) roro 1QIsaa] C'!lD rDrD C'ElJ:) roro me
6:3 (24) C'~'P1 lQIsaaG)] ~'P1 m
6:3 (24) ro1'P ro1'P 1QIsaa] ro1'P rD1,P ro1'P '~1 m6)
6:4 (25) rrren 1QIsaa] ~,- m
6:4 (25) ~"CJ 1QIsaa] '0' m
6:5 (26) ,.,;~ 1QIsaa] ,., '1~ 4QIsafm; "0 Ta).aC; f.'yw 6)
6:5 (26) ~ ... iiOO lQIsaa] ~OO ... ~Co m
6:7 (29) "nEl(D lQIsaamG)a'a:SD] c'nQro 4QIsaf
6:7 (61) ,.m~om 1QIsaaG)] 'E;1~ m L
6:8 (2) u., 1QIsaam] rrpoc TOV ).aov TODTOV 6)
6:8 (2) il'C~1 1QIsaa] ,c- m
6:9 (3) ".u1bis 1QIsaa] "~1bis me
6:9 (3) ,~, 1 1 QIsas
0
] ~" me
6:10 (3) OIDil lQIsaa] lCrDil me»: (see NOTE: cf ion- 15:3; 21:5 [= Suk 7:3; 18:20])
6:10 (5) 1'm~:11 lQIsaam(1'Jr~:J1)S(vid)D] m~[:J' 4QIsa fa: mss; Kal (+ Eva') TOle; walv 6)a'; KaL TOLC;
WOLV aVTWV G)msa:mss; 1,m"~:J' a: (orth or var?)
6:10 (5) '3101D' 1QIsas6)a:Dmss 1 11CO' 4QIsafma'S(vid)D
6:10 (5) ,:J:J":J 1QIsas ] ''':J, 4QIsa fm mssS(vid)D; ,." mLa'; Kal Tij Kap8Lq. 6); l1il:J''':J' a:(BHS note errs)
6:10 (5) ,? ~!l" 1QIsaam] Kat laaop.aL airrovc; 6)
6:11 (5) m~, lQIsaa] 'C~, m
6:11 (6) mil' 1QIsa 1 'J~ ffi; KUpLE 6)
6:11 (7) ~ron lQIsaam ] KaTaAELcJ>6flaETaL 6) (tt or ,~ron·?)
6:12 (7) pm, 1QIsaam a'] Kal p.ETcl TaDTa p.aKpuvE1 6)
6:12 (7) il1il' 1QIsaama'(KupLOC;)] 0 OEOC; G)
6:12 (8) il:J'W 1Q I saa] '31il m
6:13 (8) iln"i11 1QIsaa] iin~i11 m L
6:13 (9) ro?roC ,ro~ 1 QIsaa] n~"lZ1:J 'lZ1~ m, omv EKTrEOlJ 6)
6:13 (9) ilO:J vac 1QIsaa] ~ m- (with following l Q'lsa"; with preceding m L ; see NOTE)
6:13 (9-10) iin~C ro"Pil 11,r 1QIsaa] iln~o ro,p 311r m; > 6)
Isaiah 7
7:1 (II) il'n31 1Q Isaa] 'il'W m
L;
7:1 (12) il'?c'1 1QIsaa] 'il'?0'"1 m POP.EALOU 6) (cf v 4, 5, 9)
7:1 (13) ,?~, 1QIsaaG)SD (2 Kgs 16:5)] ?~, m
7:2 (14) :J:J? 1Q I saa] :J:J?, 1:J:J? m 6)
7:2 (14) 1.u'il 1QIsaa] " m
7:2 (14) rrrn lQIsaa] 'i m

7:3 (15) i1',w)' 1QIsaa] 'iI'- m
7:4 (17) ~, lQIsaa\6] ~ m
7:4 (17) n':JJf 1QIsaam] evXwv \6
7:4 (18) C'J!DU1i1 lQIsaa] C'Ja1~ m L
7:4 (18) '"n::l '~ 1Q Isaa\6(lhav yap bpYll ... 1l0U)] 'io.~ m L
7:4 (18) ~M lQIsaa m] + YEVT)Tal mlMv ldcouni \6
7:4-5 (18-19) (1il'?C' m)il'?C'i 1::1' C"ElM ilDi C'M T?D rD' '~ 1D's ('il'- m)il'?C' J:l' CiM' r~' 1QIsaam ]
sKal. 6 utoc; TOU Apall Kal. 6 utDe; TOU POIlEAlOU BTL El3ouAEvaaVTo ~oUAi)V lTOVT)paV rrepl aou \6
7:6 (20) il~'pJ' lQIsaam] Kal. aUAAaA-rlaavTEC; aUTo'lc; \6; Kal EeUlTVlawIlEV(= r'p a'; KAaawllEv a';
KOlJiWIlEV = flp e') airrrJv a' a' e'
7:7 (21) mil' 'mM 1QIsaam(" 'J"1M)] KVplOC aaf3aw8 6)
7:8 (22) poo" l' 1QIsaa] PIDC' m (see next)
7:8 (22) r~ PIDC" ~M" lQIsaam('c, rDMi')6)ffiSS] > 6)S·ed
7:9 (24) i1'?c'i lQIsaa] ",'?c, m
7:9 (24) U'CM 1QIsaa m('JQ~)] awfjTE 6) (= U':;1(M)l;1)
7:13 (27) ilJ lQIsaa] MJ m
7:13 (28) 'm?M lQIsaa m('il~)a'a'e'] KUP(416) (tr)
7:14 (28) mil m,' lQIsaa] M'" 'J"1M m, tdJPlOC aUToc; \6
7:14 (29) M'P' lQIsaa6)S] nM- me
7:14 (29) ~1JC.IJ 1QIsaa \6(EllllaVOlJT)A) a' a'] ?M UC.IJ m (cf 8:8, 10)
7:16 (72) j"TDn (::1T~Dn?) lQIsaa] ::1WlJ m L (see NOTE)
7:17 (3) M'::1" 1Q I sa" 6)(aAM ElTUeEl)] M'::1' m
7:17 (3) mil' 1QIsaam\6ffis] 6 eEOc; 6)
7:19 (7) C'?'?ilJJ' ?'~::1' C'~'~DJJ' ?'~::1' lQIsaa] C'?'?ilJil ?~::1' C'~'~DJil ?~::I' m-, Kal. Etc; Ta arr-rlAala
Kat elc lTllaav payuBa Kal. EV lTaVTI. eVAq> \6(> KaL EV rrnvrt eUAW \6B; hab a '[alTOpUeLV]
a'[ElTalVETOlc;] e'[KaTaBUTOlc;])
7:20 (8) ;"'~il iDn::1 1QIsaa mL(ili'~tDir) 6)Bo(T4)IlElllaeWIlEV41 = 'h~tzJ) a' a' e'] T4) eup4) T4)IlEYUAq>
KaI.IlEIlEeuaIlEV41(= 'h~) \6
7:20 (9) ilnM lQIsaa] ~ 2' m (see NOTE)
7:22 (11) M'~ ilMCn ?~M' lQIsaam('~) \60LC lT'] > 6)
7:22 (11) ~ ?~M' (2') 1QIsaa corr] ?,~ ?~M' 1 QIsaa·m(?~)6) (see NOTE)
7:23 (13) M'ili1 1QIsaa 6)] + il'il' m\6LC IT'
7:23 (13) C'po., 1QIsaa] 'C 1QIsab m6)(vid)

7:24 (14) n1rn1p::1' C'~::1 lQIsaa] nIDp::1' '::I ma'; IlETa ~EAOUC; Kat ToeEvllaToc; 6)
7:25 (16) "ri:J nMi' 1QIsaa] nMi' m\6(vid)
7:25 (17) i1';1{I1} lQIsaa ] rrrn m
Isaiah 8
8:1 (18) ?"J jl'?J 1QIsaa m a'e'] T61loV KaLVOU IlEYUAOU 6)
8:1 (19) o tVn ??tV 'ilC? lQIsaam] TOU beEwe; rrpovounv rrocfiom aKvXwv lTUpWTl yup 6)
8:2 (19) '.IJm 1Ql sa" 6)(Kat lluPTlJpUc; ... rrotnoov) 5] il"DM' 4QIsa emO(et adhibui ... testes)
8:2 (19) 0"11 lQIsaa m] avepWiTou< e

8:2 (20) iT'i'~ lQIsaa m] '1t"i'~ 4QIsae
8:2 (20) liT'OiT 1QIsaa mqiT:liT)tiVLC'Y'] > e
8:2 (20) iT'i:lr 1QIsaa] rr- m
8:2 (20) iT':::>i:::l' lQIsaaerOms] W:::>i:::l' 4QIsaem(':::l')a'a'8'erms; "":::>i:::l4QIsae·; BapaXtou esn
8:3 (21) ~':J:liT 1QIsaa] iT~'- 4QIsae m; n')v iTpo4lilTlV e
8:3 (21) '?~ rrn 1QIsaa mti(KiJploc 1l00)ero] ilk;['] 4QIsae; uor KUPLO!; tiL Syh
8:3 (22) ron lQIsaam(rDO)er(vid)S(vid)] rom 4QIsaeti(vid)0 (orth or var?)
8:4 (22) '~iP? lQIsaa] ~iP m
8:4 (23) '1Olll' ,,~ 1QIsaa] 'O~1'~ m; rrurepc ii IlTlTEpa e
8:4 (23) prooi' 1QIsaa] '0' m
8:6 (26) m'lrDiT lQIsaa] ii?';m 4QIsae; n~iT mLers; TOl) ~lXwaIl e
8:6 (26) o,~? 1QIsaa] o~? 4QIsafmL(O~?); ~? 4QIsae
8:6 (26) ro'lrDO' 1QIsaam] aXM [3oUAEofut EXELV ... f3aOlAEu ECI>' VIlWV ti
8:6 (26) 1:::l ~1 lQIsaa] i:::l' 4QIsae 4QIsafmer(vid)
8:6 (27) i1[']?(O'i]lQIsaa] 'iT'?Oi m
8:7 (27) f:>?' 1QIsaa m] BlU TOVTO tiermsSO
8:7 (27) 'm~·ii;'i'· lQIsaa] 'jj~ m, KUpLOC; e
8:7 (29) 1'n",~ lQIsaa] ,']li,';i~ 4QIsae; 1'ni,~ m L (cf 1 Chr 12:16 ,'n',~ m-, ,'nm m q ) ; TE1XO«; VllwV e
L]
8:8 (29) Jrl~ lQIsaam ~~, mmsss; > e (see next)
8:8 (8 I) 11')' i~':S: '11 i::ll1' 1 QIsaa m a' a'] dv8pwiTOV ck BUvrlaETQL KE4>UATIV apul ii BUVUTOV auv-
TEAEaaofu( n ti (cf BHS n 8 b )
8:8 (1) i~1:s: lQIsaqQIsaf mso] il1:S: 4QIsae(cf 15:5); O?ro'i' er; cf e
8:8 (I) ,'Ell:l moo 1QIsaam] TJ iTUPEIl[30All aUTol) e
8:8 (I) ~'lJ0l11 QIsaa4QIsae 4QIsaf E~p'(EIlIlUVOUT)A) ermsso] ~ ,JO.I1 mti(IlE8' TJIlWV 0 eEOC); ~iro' er
8:9 (2) ,.I1i lQIsaam] '.I1,4QIsaf4QIsae{111i)ti(yvWTE)
8:9 (2) ri~' lQIsa"] '~4QIsaem
8:9 (2) rrrn 1irMiT lQIsaa 4QIsae(vid) 4QIsaf(vid)] 1m, 1irMiT mm 'i~m mti'Y'
8:10 (3) i£lm 1Q Isa" m] + BluaKE&laEl KUpLOC; e
8:10 (3) ~1?1 1QIsaa m(~?1) 'Y' er 5 0] ~? 4QIsae e
8:10 (3) ~'lJ0l11QIsaa4QIsaes] ?~ 1JO.I1 mti·E~p'a'e'er(~m~ ~J"1.11O:::l)O (cf 7:14; 8:8)
8:11 (4) iO~ iT:::> ':::> l Qfsa" 4QIsae mcn ] iO~ iT:l 4QIsaftiS
8:11 (4) ,~ lQIsaam a'] > e
8:11 (4) npm:l 1QIsaa m L mss a'] 'n:::l mmssti(T-U Laxupq.)
8:11 (4) " 1QIsaa] ,'iT m
8:11 (4) 'lJi'O' 1QIsa"] 'JiCi"1 m L ; aiTELSoOOl ti; KQL aiTEaTT)aE IlE a'
8:12 (5) 1iOM 1QIsaa] p'i[OM 4QIsaem
8:12-13 (6) 13 vat m~:::l:s: rrrr ~ lQIsaa] n1~:::l:s: rrrr ~13 ma'; 13KiJpLOv e
8:13-14 (6-7) (iT'i11 4QIsa' m)~'iT'114 C:l:S:i.l10 ~1i11 me: 0'5] 14KUL EUV EiT' uirn~ iTEiTOl8wc; -{)C;
1QIsaa 4QIsai
EOTal ooi 6); 'iT'1 p?:::lpn ~? ~1 er(... ~ 'iT" erms); et erit vobis 0
8:14 (7) l:::l~?' 1Q I sa" m] KUL OUX <k AtSoU (= l::l~ ~?1) e
8:14 (7) ~ilU' 'ro ''J'JJ? 1QIsaam] 0 BE OtKOC laKw~ 6); Ol 8£ OlKOl laKw~ 6)0LC (ef v 17)
8:14 (8) :::mn'? 1QIsaam L ] ,~- mmSS6)
8:15 (8) wpu, 1Q'Isa" m] Kat E'Y'YLOOOl (= ...JIUJJ) 6)
8:15 (9) "~~J' 1QIsaa m] + dvElpwrrOl EV o.ac/>aAElQ OVTE£; 6)
8:16 (9) rrnsn i~ 1QIsaa m] TOTE <t>aVEpot laOVTaL (= ii.l1"n?) 6) (ef 64:1[2]; Exod 21:29)
8:16 (9) om, 1QIsaa] -n m
8:16 (9) "O~~ 1QIsaama' a'6'] TOU ~ll ~a6ELv (= 'O? '?~?) 6)
8:17 (9) ii1ii'? 'n'~, 1QIsaama'a'] Kat EpE1 MEVW TOV 6EOV 6)
8:17 (10) ,'Elrl' 1QIsaa] ,'El m
8:18 (10) ii~ 1QIsaa] iiJil me
8:18 (11) nE1'10?' m~? 1QIsaa] O'nEJ'o?, m~? me
8:19 (13) ,,,,?~ 1QIsaa6)(6Eov am-ou)] 1'i1?~ m (orth or var?)
8:19 (13) o"n 1QIsaa] 'nil m
8:20 (13-14) m'.l1m, ili,n? 1QIsaam] v6~ov yap Ell; ~oi)eElav l8wKEV 6)
8:20 (14) intz1 1Q'Isa" m] BWpa (= inlU) 80uvaL 6); ef 5

8:21 (14) ;WpJ' 1QIsaa] 'J m
8:21 (15) fJ~pn' 1Q Isaa] -rrn m; AUlTT]6i)aw6E 6)
8:21 (15) ",,~, 1QIsaa] ,'m~~, mE~p'a'6'; Kat Ta rramxpa 6); rraTpaxpa ElBwXa a' (ef Ziegler)
8:22 (16) r"~' 1QIsaa] r"~ m
8:22 (16) ilP'~ fJ'.l10 il~wn' 1QIsaa] ilP'~ fJ'.l10 il~f(lrT' m L ; Kat aTEvoxwpla Kat aKOTOC drroptc aTEvT) 6)
8:22 (16) mJO 1QIsaam] WaTE ~ll ~}.1rrnv 6)
8:22-23 (16-17) PIU"il n.l1~23 ... ,~', 1QIsaa (cf 3:11 VAR)] l'lU~iil n.l1' ". ~? ,,23 m; Kat OUK '" EW£; KaLpOU.
23[9:1JToVTO rrpWTOV rrolei 6)
8:23 (16) fJEl,.l1O 1Q Isaa] fJ.l1'O m
8:23 (17) r~" '" ri~ lQIsaa6)] ~,~, ... ii~i~ m
8:23[9:1] (17-18) i'~il Pin~" 1QIsaam] Kat ol AOltTOt ol TT)V rrapaAlav KaTOlKoUVTEe:; 6)
8:23[9:1] (18) O'il 1i' 1Q Isaam a'] tr post NE<P6aX.l~ 6); > 6)S·OLC
8:23[9: 1] (18) 0'"11' 1 QIsaam(O'u.,) 6)S·OLC] + Ta ~EPT] Tii£; 10u8alae:; 6)
Isaiah 9
9:1 [2] (19) mo~~ ri~:::l 1QIsaa m] EV XWPQ Kat aKlC1 6av(lTou 6)
9:2[3] (20) ilnOlZ1i1 iin?'l' ~,? 1QIsaa] ilnOOii n?'l' ~? m- Y'(O\JK); 'lUii '1' ,? ms, 0 KaTi)yaYEC; (= iln?EJil?)
EV Eu<ppo<1VVTj cou 6)
9:3[4] (21) mm; lQIsaa] 'mnrTi14QIsac ; l;1hrTil mL ; 8LwKE8aaE KlJPLOe:; 6)
9:3[4] (22) 0"0 1QIsaa6)(Ma8la~)] 1"0 m
9:4[5] (22) 1U.l1i:::l l~O P~O 1QIsaam] aTox'llv EtTlaWT)Y~EVT]V 86}up 6)
9: 5[6] (23) iliWe.,"ilm 1QIsaa] ili~Oil 'ilm m L
9:5[6] (24) ~iP' 1QIsaa] 'P',4QIsacm
9: 5-6[ 6-7] (24-25) 0,?tz1?, iiibe., il:::l'O? O'?lZ1il ilZ1 ,.11 ':::l~ 1QIsaa] il:::l'O?) il::nO?6 C'?IU iIU (BH S '1l-':::l~)'.l1':;1~
c,~, ili~o., (see BHS n 6 a; mp c mssa' q;V il;t'; m q mit m;s) m L ; Eyw yap d~w dpJ1VT]v E-rri
TOU£; apxovme:; <ElpTlVT]V Kat lJ'ylnav> aUT<\l 7~EYaAT] " aPXll aUToii Kat Tile:; dpTlVT]e:;
am-ou 6) = C,?lZ1?, iiilUe., il~'17 ?? C'?lU O'iIU ,.l1 ':;It:' 6).?
lQIsaa TEXTUAL VARIANTS 129
9:6[7] (25) iiO~ 1QIsaa] l'O~ m

9:6[7] (25) ;,J1O"'1n'~ 1QIsaa] i'I1DO" i'II:1~ m
9:7[8] (27) i:J' 1QIsaa] ~1 m L6's·y'; 8QvaTov 6'(= i~l)
9:7[8] (27) rrrr 1QIsaa] 'J'~ m; Kl'JPlOC 6'
9:8[9] (27) ,ili" 1QIsaa] 'D'"
m 6'
9:9[10] (28) O'OP~ 1QIsaa] ol'op'~ 4QIsac ; 'p~ m L (orth or var?)
9:9[10] (29) 9"nJ 1Q Isa" m] Kat otK08ol.rrlaw~Ev EaUToll; mJPYOV 6'
9:10[11] (29) l~'~i 'i~ 1QIsaamL(r~i 'i~)] r~i 'i~ mmss; TOUc; ElTaVlaTavo~EVOtx; ElT' lSpoc ~lWV
(= r~ iii 'i~/'iUJ?) 6'
9:11 [12] (91) "~:J' 1QIsaa4QIsaC S ( v i d ) ] '~:J 2° m6'«::o (cf vv 16, 20; 10:4)
9:11[12] (1) n1r 1QIsaa(over m?)] n~r m
9:11[12] (I) ii''lClJ "" 1QIsaa] ii''lClJ '1' m, i] XEtp i$lX:tl6' (orth or var?; cf vv 16, 20; 10:4; 14:26-27)
9:12[13] (1) 'D 1QIsaa] 1D me
9:12[13] (2) n1~~ lQIsaam6'VLc a '6' ] > e
9:13[14] (3) O,':J 1Q Isa"6'(vid)] C,' m
9:15[16] (4) 'i~O ('hrz:i~I) 1QIsaam] ol ~aKapL'oVTEC ("h~II) 6'
9:16[17] (5) ,'on' 1QIsaa] nolD' me (cf v 18)
9:16[17] (7) ii"t!lJ "" 1QIsaa] ii"t!lJ'" m; i] XEtp i$l>-f) ~ (orth or var?)
9:17[18] (9) l~D n~') lQIsaamq~D n~))a'a'] TO. KUKA4l TWV f30uvwv lTlIVTa ~
9:18[19] (9) ni:JDO lQIsaa] 'D:J m, ~M 6u~ov 6p'YllC e
9:18[19] (9) m~ 1 QIsaam~L] > e
9:18[19] (9) CDrn 1Q Isaa] enDJ m, O"UyKEKaUTaL e
9:18[19] (9) fi~ii 1QIsaa] fi~ m, i] 'Yll 0>-11 e
9:18[19] (9) rrr 1Q Isaa] 'ii" m
9:19[20] (II) 'D' 1QIsaa] 'D m
9:19[20] (II) 'D'ir 1QIsaam(1Dir)] "Dir 4QIsae (orth or var?); sg ~SO
9:19-20 (II) ,~~,,20 1QIsaa~([2114>aYETal yap)] 20 ,,~~, 4QIsaem«::q,r:J'); 20'\(Ur<J 50
9:20[21] (12) "~:J' 1QIsa3 S ] '~:J 4QIsaem~«::o
9:20[21] (13) ir'lClJ "1' 1QIsaa] ir'lClJ'" m; i] XEtp iRlnl>-f) ~ (orth or var?)
Isaiah 10
10:1 (14) c'pp,n 1QIsaa] C'ppnii m
10:1 (14) 'pp,n lQIsaa] 'ppn m L
10:1 (14) C':Jn-'C, 1QIsaam] ':J- mms
10:3 (17) ':J,rDn 1QIsaa] ':JtDnmL
10:4 (17) i'~ 1QIsaa] i'~ m, ElTaywyfw e
10:4 (17-18) "eJ' C'J;iii rnrn 1QIsaam~mss] > e
10:4 (18) "~:J' lQIsaa] '~:J m~(vid)
10:4 (18) ii'1t!lJ "1' 1QIsaa] ir'lClJ'" m; i] XEtp i$l>-f) ~ (orth or var?)
10:5 (19) iiOO' 1QIsaam] Kat 6p'YllC ~ (see next)
10:5-6 (19) (6?) 'ODr(6?) 1QIsaa] 6 'ODr m; 'CDr·6 ~ (see previous and BHS n Sb)
10:6 (20) 'n""Cll Cl1 1QIsaa] T4> EIl4> Aa4> e

10:6 (20) c,td7, 1QIsaa] 'V:l[? 4QIsae ; 'lO'rD?, mL; '101td7, mq ; TCl£: lTOAELe; (= C'i.I1?"?) e
10:8 (22) C':l?o "n' 'irD (~?il iO~' ':l m)~'?il iO~" ~':l1QIsaam] KQt EelV EllT(uaLV QUT4> LV uovoc ET
cipxwv~
10:9 (23) PrDOi':l 1Q Isaa] ,O,:l m
10:10 (23-24) (n:l?OO? m) n':I?oo? '" il~~O 1QIsaam] mvme; (+ EV TTl XELpl uou ~SAmss) EAal30v Kat
rrdonc Tele; xwpae; (apxae; ~OQmgc) Af]Il!jJ0llal ~
10:10 (24) C'?'?Mil 1QIsaa] ?'?~' m; 6AO>..V~aTE (= '?'?'il cf 13:6) e
10:12 (25) ':1 lQIsaa] ':1 rrrn m~(Kat EaTal Ihav)
10:12 (26) 'ilWl10 1QIsaa] "'rD- m
10:12 (26) "P~ 1QIsaam(,pEJ~)] ElTa~El e
10:13 (27) 1C~" 1QIsaa] 1O~ m~(ElnE)
10:13 (28) i"Ic."m"n», 1Q Isa"mL(c"'n,,n»,)] c.,'m,ml1' m q
10:15 (101) ,'EJ 'JC ?l1 1QIsaa] ,EJ'JO?l1 m; civEu TOU EAKOVToc; ain-ov e
10:15 (2) ~ 1QIsaammss] nM' m L
10:15 (2) "0'10 1QIsaamL] ;0"0 mmss~(vid)50
10: 15-16 (2-3) }:l?16 fl1 (M? m)~" 1QIsaam] Kat oux olrnoc 16cl>J.iL e
10:16 (3) P~il1QIsaamL] > mmss~
10:16 (3) l,n ,'JOOO::J 1QIsaa m] elc TIJV cnlv TlIlT]V elTllllaV e
10:17 (4) ilil1::J' il::Jil?? ,rD,'P' 1QIsaa m] Kat QYlaaEl aUTOV EV lTUpt KalOIlEV41 ~; KaL ° aYLOe; aUTOU
ELe; epAoya <Kal epMyETal> a'
10:17 (4) 'i'OO' (;n'rD mL),~n'tb i1?:I~' 1QIsaam] wad X6PTOV TT]V VATW ~; Kal KaTaepayETaL TQ
alTOKElIlEVQ (= vn'rD) aUTOU KaL Ta lTEepUAaYIlEVQ (= 'horD) aUTOU a'
10: 17-18 (4-5) ,,:0,18 ,~ C,'::J 1QIsaama'] 18Tij TJIlEpq EKe:lVlJ dlTOal3e:a6r1aETal (= il::J:l') 65
10:18 (5) ,?o,:I, 'i.I1' 1Q Isa- m a'] Tel OpT] KQt oi. Bowol KQt oi. 8puilOl ~ (cf v 19)
10:18 (5) COJ COC:l 1QIsaam] b cf>EVywv (= VOU) We; b epEVyWV alTO epAOYOc; KQLOIlEVT]e; ~
10:19 (5) ".11' ~ 1QIsaamQ'a'6'] > ~ (cf v 18)
10:20 (8) ~ lQIsaa] ?l1 2° me
10:21 (8) i~rD ::J,rD' i~ 1QIsaam] Kat EaTaL TO KamAELep6e-v ~
10:22 (9) ilPi~ ~O'rD f'in 1"?:1 ,::J ::J'rD' iRrD 1QIsaa m] TO KQTaAELllllQ aw6f]aETaL· AOYOV yap OUVTEAGJv
Kat auvTEllvWV EV 8lKaLOaVvu ~ (cf v 23)
10:23 (9) ~nJ';'?:I':1 1QIsaama'a'6'] OTl AOYOV auvTETllllllEVOV 65 (cf v 22)
10:23 (10) mR~ rrrr 1QIsaam Ly'] > mmss~
10:24 (11) O::JrDO 1QIsaa] 'rD::J m
10:24 (II) 100' 1QIsaa] "'0- m
10:24 (12) ~rD' 1QIsaam] EYW ElTayw e
10:25 (12) Cm?::Jn 1QIsaa] cn'?::Jn m L; cn'?:In mmss; Ti]v l3ouAT]v ain-wv ~(= cn'J::Jn? cf 1 Chr 28:19~)
10:26 (12) i'.11" 1QIsaa~(vid)] i"l1' m
10:26 (13) ow 1QIsaam] > e
10:26 (13) ::J,'U1 i'~::J 1QIsaam] EV TOlT41 6>..L!jJEWC; e
10:27 (14) i'O' R'ilil C,'::J 1QIsaam~a::50] "0' C,']:j 4QIsac (cf 7:17 m)
10:27 (14) lOrD 'EO 1QIsaam] alTO TWV Wllwv UIlWV (= lC:lrD 'JOO?) e
10:28 (IS) ?,U 1QIsaamq;] ~ 4QIsaclt)(Ek)SO

10:28 (IS) il''u 1QIsaa.] if'-,U 1QIsaacorr2rn; ni'.u 4QIsac; n''u mq;O(Aiath); Tilv lT6Ai.v AyyaL It); au...... 5
10:28 (IS) "pE)' 1QIsaa] i'PE)' m; 6f)<1fL It)
10:29 (IS) m::ll1rD ,::ll1 1QIsaa] m::ll10 ,,::ll1 m
10:29-30 (16) l?1P '?iT~30 iTOJ 1Q I saa m It)VQrngLC ] 3°</>EueETaL It)
10:30 (16) lD'? 1QIsaaa'o'6' E~p'] iTlD'? mlt)(Amoa)
10:30 (16) iT'J.l1 lQIsaam] ElTaKOOOETaL It)
10:31 (16) iTJO~ 1QIsaas] iTJOoO 4QIsac; iTJOiO m([o; Ma8E~Tlva It)
10:31-32 (17) 32,ro,UiT 1QIsaam] 32napaKaAELTE It)
10:32 (17) :m 1QIsaam] EV 084) (= ~?) It)
10:32 (17) 9U' 1QIsaa] 9E)J'm
10:32 (17) "" 1QIsaa] rt m, T1i XELpt It) (cf 9:11; 10:4)
10:32 (17) rc 1QIsaa4QIsacm Q It) so ] n':J mLq;(vid)
10:33 (18) ~,.uo:J 1QIsaam] I!ETU toXUo<; It)
Isaiah 11
11:3 (21) ,n"iT) 1QIsaam] El!lTATjOEL alrrov lTYEUl!a It)
11:3 (21) ~,?, 1 1 QIsaam(~?,)] ~? mrnsslt)o'q;rnso
0
11:4 (22) "lD'0:J 1QIsaama'o'6'] > It)

11:4 (22) ,.jilT? 1QIsaao'(lTTWXoUC)] ',m? m; TOUC;; TalTELVOUc;; It) (see NOTE and cf 32:7 m-, m q )
11:4 (22-23) r'~iTbis 1QIsaa] '~bis m
11:4 (23) .l1lD' no,' ... ~un ~i~ 1Q I saa·] ,UrD, n'o' ... 1Q I sa" carrm It)
11:5 (23) iTJ)o~' 1QIsaa] '~iT) m
11:6 (24) r:J" 1QIsaamlt)([So] ,~- 4QIsac
11:6 (24) =
"0' 1QIsaa(contra "0' Burl) 1t)(~OOKT)6f)ooVTaL '~'O')] ~'~i 4QIsacmq; (cf BHS n 63-3)
11:7 (25) '~:J" 1QIsaa] i~:J" 4QIsacma'6'It)Arnssq;SO; Kat ... EOOVTaL It)
11:7 (25) iT"~' 1Q I sa" m] ,,~, 4Q I sa"
11:8 (25) .l1lD.l1lD" 1QIsaa] 'rD, m, > It)
11:8 (26) m,,~o 1QIsaa] m,~o 4QIsaCm L (nj- ) ; KOLTT]V It)
11:8 (26) C)'J'.l1E)~ 1QIsaa4QIsaclt)] 'J- mq;so
11:9 (26) ,iT:J 1QIsaalt)] ,iT [?~:J] 4QIsac mecso
11:9 (27) ~?on 1QIsaaq;s (cf Hab 2:14) ] '04QIsacmlt)0
11:9 (27) iT,Ui 1QIsaam] 'i? 4QIsac
11:9 (27) iT)iT'M 1QIsaamlt)So] 4~41.. i'~ M 4QIsacq; (cf Hab 2:14)
11:10 (28) OJ? 1QIsaama'o'6'] apXELv e
11:10 (28) ~'iT) 1QIsaa(~ over rn ] nrrrn 4QIsacmlt)q;SO
11:11 (29) n')lD 1QIsaam] TOU 8El~m (= "iT)lDlII?) It)
11:11 (29) mJP? 1QIsaama'o'6'] TOU (rlAWam (= MJP?) It)
11:11 (30) O'~E)O' 1QIsaama'] Kat Ba13\.lAwVl.aC;; ~
11:11 (30) C)'iT "~O, nono, ;.l1JrDO, 1QIsaam] drro liMou aVaTOAWV Kat E~ 'Apa13Lac;; (\}
11:12 (30) il~m 1QIsaa] MID- m

11:12 (111) rn~ lQIsaa] rnFJD ll::liMO 4QIsaa(n'1El~ [)m~ctso
11:14 (3) '1El.1T11QIsaam~s(~a ex ~'U.Ja)O] 9W; 4QIsaa; pi:Jnn', ct
11:14 (3) 9n:l::llQIsaam] EV lTAOlOU; ~; EV willa a'; 8la TWV WllWV 0'6'
11:14 (3) 1rr::l, lQIsaa] ,r::l' 4QIsae ; ,r::l' mecos
11:14 (3) :!M'IO' 1QIsaama'0'6'] + lTpWTOV e
11:14 (3) l'C.lJ 1Q Isa- m] + lTpGlTOl e
11:15 (~) O'iTTiI1 lQIsaam ] Kal EPTJllWOEl e (= ::l'inii1?)
11:15 (~) 1'1D? 1QIsaama'0'6'] > e
11:15 (~) "" lQIsaa] ,j' m~ (orth or var?)
11:15 (~) O"ll::l 1QIsaa] O:ll::l m L ; I'<u.»ar<::. (= ~ll::l) SO; ~lal41 e
11:15 (~) mi 1QIsaa~] ,mi m
11:15 (5) nll::llD!;l 1QIsaa (n over il)] illl::llD!;l m
11:15 (5) b'i'iI1 1QIsaa] 1'i- m
11:16 (5) i'~C iMlD' i~ lQIsaam] EV A1YlnTT41 e
Isaiah 12
12:1 (7) ::lID' 1Q Isa" ~(Kal cilTEOTpEl/Jac;)] ::lID' m
12:2 (7) 'n.1T1ID'!;l~ !;lM 1Q'Isa" ] 'ID'!;lM m~AOC; 6 6EC)C; IlOU OWnlP IlOU KUpLOC; e
12:2 (8) ~"il il1il,i1'niCr, 1QIsaacorT1m] ] 'il" ili[iT' 4QIsae ; 'il" rrn (> mmss~)il' ('n- mmSS~)niCT1 m
(cf Exod 15:2; Ps 118:14)
12:4 (9) ilniCtt, lQIsaa~] en- m
12:4 (9) "lM 1QIsaa] rrn m~{ IllvE'lTE)
12:5 (10) iI1iT'!;l 1QIsaa] rrrr m, TO ovolla KUplOU e
12:5 (10) n'lT11C 1QIsaa] n.u"C mqsCl:; n.pi'C mL
Isaiah 13
13:1 (12) nm 1QIsaa] ilTI;J m-e (= orth)
13:1 (12) il'l1!D' 1QIsaa] 'il'- m
13:2 (12) c.;i;l 1QIsaam] + llTJ cj>of3E'lo& ~
13:2 (13) ~'::l' 1QIsaa] 'M::l' 4QIsaas; 'M::l" ma'o'cto; > e
)3:3 (13) 'lDiPC!;l 1QIsaa m] Kal uylci(w ain-ouc; ~
13:4 (I~) O'ElOJ 1QIsaa] 'O~ m
13:7 (16) r" 1QIsaa] 0'- m
13:7 (16) iiJ;Elin lQIsaa1QIsabm] il'J- 4QIsaa
13:7 (16) ::l::l!;l1QIsaama'0'6'] l/JUxTJ e
13:8 (17) ",cn' 1QIsaam] OUllcj>op<ioouOlv e
13:8 (17) 'JEl, 1QIsaa] 'JE) 4QIsaa4QIsabmcto; xnl ... llETa~aAofJ(Jlv (= 'JEl'·)~
13:9 (18) 'irJ~ 1QIsaa] 'ir~~ m, civlaTOC; e
13:9 (18) r~ 1QIsaa] 'Mil m, Ti)v olKOUllEVTW 8ATJV e
13:9 (18) O'MOm 1 QIsaa~] rr- 4QIsaa 4QIsabmCl:sO
1QIsas TEXTUAL VARIANTS 133
13:10 (19) 'i'~' 1QIsas] '~il' m

13:10 (19) 'ii~ 1QIsasmG)Q;(S)o] + ~~ 4QIsas
13:11 (20) ~:m 1QIsasm] + OA1) e
13:12 (21) lZ1'IJ~ 1QIsasm] OL KaTaXEXElJ.l.J.l.EVOL tD
13:12 (21) cn:xl 1QIsasm] ft 0 Meac; e
13:13 (21) rJ~ 1QIsasma'cr'] 0uJ.l.<ll6l1crETQl e. 6a.XElJ6T)OETQl G)L
13:13 (21) ilr.l1pCO 1QIsasmG)Q;So] ilipco 4QIsab (ef Gen 1:9 4QGenh tD)
13:14 (22) ,'i11 1QIsas] rrrn m; Kat EcroVTal ol KaTaXEXElj.LJ.l.EVOL e
13:14 (22) mo 1QIsasm] n,jO 4QIsas (efn'JO 1QIsas mat 8:22)
13:14 (22) 1'~~~' 1QIsasm<1~-)] + TrAavwJ.l.EvoV tD
13:16 (23) ilOi1'~'~'.l1' 1QIsas] Ct"~'?.l1' 4QIsabmL (''?'(in )
13:16 (24) ,oo'i 1QIsasS] '0lZ1' 4QIsasmQ;; Kat .. , TrPOVOllEtK1Ovcrl G)
13:16 (24) iTJ;Dq]n 1QIsaSmqQ;(vid) ] ml?[JlZ1n 4Q IsasmSO; E~OVO"lV G); crVyKOlTacrfulcroVTQl a'; TrapaXPT\cr-
6r}oOVTQl 0'; OXE6r}OOVTQl 6' (cf 4QDeutC m at Deut 28:30 and see b. Meg. 2Sb)
13:17 (25) Ct"~.l1 1QIsasm] VJ.l.I.V G)
13:17 (25) :J'lZ1n' 1QIsas] l:JlZ1n' m
13:18 (25) C'i.l1J 1QIsasm] vEaVlOK<llV G)
13:18 (26) 'iEl ~.l1' 1Q Isas] 'iEll m
13:18 (26) ~11' 2· 1QIsasmmss] '?11 mL
13:19 (27) C"'lZ1~ 1QIsas] C"- m
13:19 (27) C''1O lQIsas] C'9 m L
13:19 (27) iliO'l1 lQIsas] i1iO~ m-
13:20 (28) ?i1' 1QIsasm L ] ~il~' mmsscr'Q;SO; BlEA6UlOlV G)
13:20 (28) iloo lQIsas] CIZl m
13:21 (29) iloti11QIsas] CIZl m
13:22 (29) iTJm 1Q Isasm] KaTOLKllcroool G)
13:22 (29) C'tll 1QIsa8 ] C"tll m
13:22 (30) '~~'il:J 1QIsa 8
] ,~- m
13:22 (30) ,ml1 1Q Isa" G)(VOOOOTrOllJOOVOlv)] JJl1 m
13:22 (30) :J'iP 1QIsasG)(vid)] 'p' m
13:22 (30) "11 1QIsa8 ] > mG)(vid)
Isaiah 14
14:2 (122) C':Ji 1QIsas] > me
14:2 (2) CO'pO ~, cno1tll ~ 1Q Isas] CO'pO '?tll mG)
14:2 (3) c'~nJni11 1QIsasm] Kat KaTaKAT\povOlllJcrovcrl Kat TrAT\6vv61JOOVTQl G)
14:2 (3) ~tllilZ1' n':J 1QIsasm] > G)
14:2 (3) '?~ 2· 1QIsa8 S ] ~11 4QIsaemG)G:o
14:2 (4) C'1j, 1QIsas] Ii,,:,; 4QIsacmcr'; Kat KVplEv61JcrOVTaL (-6r}crnal G)Q ms) G)
14:3 (6) il~:J ":J11 1QIsas4QIsae(1:J '11)] 1:J':Jl1 m, e:oouXEvcrac; airrok G)
14:4 (6) ntll 1QIsas] > 4QIsaem
14:4 (6) ?SJ 1QIsaamd)([So] ?~ 4QIsae

14:4 (5\6) iin'10~' 1QIsaam(n~,)] + EV TfJ TJIlEPQ. EKElVlJ d)
14:4 (6) ii:>'~ 1QIsaa] T~ m
14:4 (7) ;0."0 1QIsaa d)(6 ElTlalTOuBaanlt;)a'Sa:] ii::J,,,O m
14:5 (7) O:1rD ... iioo 1QIsaam] TOV (VYOV bis d)
14:6 (7-8) 9T1O (C',J m)C'~1J 9~ (ii'i m)ii"i ... C;OSJ ii:>o (O:1rD = subj) 1QIsaam] (66EOC = subj)
lTQTQ~Qt;
l6voc: ... lTQtwv Eevoc: lTATlYT1V 6UlloU d)
14:6-7 (8-9) riM.' (?:> m)?o iioplZ1 i1T1J 7 1QIsaam] aVElTQOOQTO lTElTOL6W£; 7m1a a TJ yfl d)
14:7 (9) iiJ'i 1QIsaa] iiTl mL
14:8 (9) C'lZ1'i:J 1QIsaam] KQt Tel l;UAa TOU ALf3<iVOU d)
14:8 (9) 'n~ 1QIsaam] Kat TJ KE8pot; d)
14:8 (9) lU:1?n 1QIsaa] lU:1? m
14:8 (10) ~,?, 1QIsaa] ~? me
14:8 (10) u".u 1QIsaam6}([So] c.;'?.u 4QIsae
14:9 (10) iiii]i.u 1QIsaa] ii1!J m
14:9 (11) iiO'Pii 1QIsaa] C'Pii m
14:10 (11) c?[,p 1QIsaa m(C?:l)d)] > 4QIsae
14:11 (13) 1n?:JJ me., lQIsaa] °n?:JJ rUe., 4QIsae ; T?:JJ n'Oii m, ,; lTOAAT] oou EU<PPOOWT] d)
14:11 (13) 10:>0' 1QIsaad)] 1'0:>0' m (orth or var?)
14:12 (13) ii:l'ii 1QIsaa] TM m
14:12 (14) C'O!Z1iiO 1QIsaa] C'C!Z10 m; EK TOU oupavou 6}
14:12 (14) irw J=l 1QIsaam] 6 lTpwL aVQTEAAwV d)
14:12 (14) '1) ?SJ lZ1?,n 1QIsaa] O~iJ t{.l7 W?'Ili 4QIsaema'; b arrOaTEAAwv(= n?1lZ1) rrpbt; mzvTa TU E6vT] 6}
14:13 (15) n?SJOO 1QIsaa] ?SJOO m
14:13 (15) D 1QIsaa6}] :1~' m
14:16 (17) [,jfu:Jn' (T~ m)ii:>'?~ 1QIsaam] KQt EpoOOLV d)
14:16 (18) lZ1'SJie., r~n rJiOii 1QIsaa] lZ1'SJiO ri~' rJiO m
14:17 (18) "iSJ 1QIsaa] "i!J1 m
14:18 (19) C'' 'J 1QIsaa6}] + C?::l m
14:19 (20) im li:1'PO lQIsaa] im 1i:1p0 m L ; EV TOLe:; apEa-LV we:; vEKpot;(EKTPWIlQ 0') d) (= ?ElJ:>? cf
Ps 58:9; Job 3:16; Qoh 6:3)
14:19 (20) i':1'J:l~ lQIsaam] q.80u d); 6EIlEALOU< (= 'J~) a'O
14:19-20 (20-21) j1i':::lp:1 en,,, rnn ",?20 0:J1O iJEl::l 1QIsaa] iii':1P:1 cn~ 1nn ~?20 0:1'0 iJEl:> m L ; Tp6lTOV ov
LIlQTLOV EV QLllan lTE<PUPIlEVQV OUK EaTaL Ka6ap6v 200Vrws OOOE au E<T1J Ka6ap6t; d)
14:20 (21) 1O!J ... 1:l'i~ 1QIsaam] nlv yfjv 1l0lJ ... KQt TOV AaOV 1l0lJ Ii)
14:20 (21) ~ip' 1QIsaa] ~1P.: mL ; IlELVlJt; d)

14:21 (22) cn1:J~ ... ,'J:1? 1QIsaam] Tel TEKVa oou ... TOU mrrpoc oou d)
14:21 (23) m, 1QIsaa] ,~?O, m
14:22 (24) ":1:1? 1QIsaam] > d) (see v 23)
14:22 (24) n'~lZ11 1QIsaa] i"lZ1' m
14:22 (24) 1'J 1Q Isaa] 1'J, me
14:23 (24) rElp [W1;0" 'nr.wl 1QIsaa] 'E!p lDi10" i1'nr.wl m, Kat Enlow nlV Ba~\)Awvtav £Pll~OV WerrE
KaTOlKElV EXtVOlJ< 6)
14:23 (24-25) '0lDil MOMaJ:I 'nMOMCl1 0'0 'QJM 1QIsaa] '0lDil ~ i1'nMOMCl1 0'0 'OJM1 m, Kat EaTal elc
ouBEv Kat Enlow aiJnlv TTT\AOV ~apa6pov elc alTWM:laV 6)
14:23 (25) n1M~ mil' (OM.) m)CM1J 1QIsaam] > 6) (see v 24)
14:24 (26) i1'iln 1QIsaad)(vid)] rrrn m
14:25 (27) ilO~'''.uO 1QIsaa] c.,'''.uo me
14:25 (27) 1"::J01 1QIsaam] Kat TO KU8ol; airr(i)v 6)
14:25 (28) il~~lD lQIsaa] 1~lD m
14:27 (29) i1'1ClJi11'''11QIsaa] i1'1ClJi11"1 m; Kat nlV Xe'ipa nlV ix/rrlAT]V 6) (orth or var?; cf 9:11; 10:4)
14:30 (132) "~:J lQIsaam L (err?)] '~:1 mmSS(orth or var? cf 16:1;'~ ... il.u,' 30:23); 8l' aVTov 6)
14:30 (2-3) mi1M ... 'nom lQIsaa] Jii1' ... 'nom m; aVEM:l ... aVEM:l d)
14:31 (4) 1'~1O:J '''0 l'M11QIsaa] 1".u1O:J "1:1 l'M1 m; Kat OUK EOTl TOV elVal 6) (see :1/0 var 15:9)
14:32 (4) 'Wi' 1QIsaa6)] il~' m
14:32 (4) ,~~ lQIsaad)(l3aolM:lc;)] '~M"O m (orth or var?)
14:32 (5) 0' 1QIsaa6)(Kat 8l' airrov)] il:J1 m
Isaiah 15
15:1 (6) m''':JbiS 1QIsaa] "''':Jbis m; VVKTOC bis d)
15:1 (6) ,'.u l' lQIsaa] '.v m L; > d)
15:1 (6) ilO'J1 1QIsaa] 'J m, > 6)
15:1 (6) i'j] 2' 1QIsaa] "p 4QIsao m6)(TO TE'iXOl;) (cf "p I + II)
15:2 (8) "'7 lQIsaa] .".,,, m (orth or var?); OAoM(ETE d)
15:2 (8) W1M' lQIsaa] "lDM' m L ; roM' mmssd) (cf jer 48:37)
15:2 (8) .,~, 1QIsaammssS([;fO] .,~ m L
15:2 (8) il.u"J 1QIsaam L ] il.11"J mmss

15:3 (8) i1'n1~n:J lQIsaa] ,'n~1n:J m
15:3 (9) rnrt lQIsaa] ,,~ m L ; lTEpl(woaaeE d)
15:3 (9) pro lQIsaam] OaKKO\)< Kat K6lTTE06E d) (cf jer 48:38)
15:3 (9) "''?'il' 1QIsaa] '?'.,,, m, OAOAV(ETE d)
15:3 (9) ii" 1QIsaa] ii' 1QIsabm; > d)
15:4 (11) ,Ui' lQIsaa] il.u,' lQIsabm; yvwoETal (= 6) "11")
15:5 (11) :JM1O" ;:J" lQIsa"1QIsab(] ':J")m] 1'1 KapBla Til< Mwa13lTl8o< d)
15:5 (11) rrrre lQIsaa] iln',:J m; EV EulJTij (= ilm':I?) d)
15:5 (12) n,m'?il lQIsaa] n;n"il lQIsabm(n'm"il); AOVl6 6)
15:5 (12) i:J lQIsaam] rrpoc Of d)
15:5 (12) ".11' lQIsaacorr] 1'.u lQIsaa·; "11.u' m, Kat OElO~6<; 6) (see NOTE)
15:6 (13) p'" lQIsaa] PT m L
15:6 (14) M'i1M 1Q Isaa] il'il m; EaTal d)
15:7 (14) ':J'.11 1Q I saa] [J':J,.uil m;
Apaj3a< 6) w
15:7 (\4) C'~'i\ lQIsaa] [J'~' lQIsabm L ; ~~ mms; Kat Xft~lj1oVTm aim'w d)
15:9 (16) l1::1"bis 1QIsa30 cf 5] l'O"bis 1QIsab(] ... I,o',)m; PElJ.lJ.WV bis e (see ::I/O var 14:31)
15:9 (16) (mEl- m)nElOU lQIsa3 m ] "Apal3a< KaL upGl ti
15:9 (17) ;n'M 1QIsa3 ] il"M m, KaL APlT)A 4)
15:9 (17) n'~ 1QIsa 3 ] ,~, m4)(vid)
Isaiah 16
16:1 (17) ,n?al 1QIsa3 m ] UlTOOTEAW e
16:1 (17) ?alOi:> 1QIsa 3
] ?al0,:> 1QIsab(] ,:»m; We; EPlTETcl ElTL 4)(= -i;l (vO,:>?)
16:1 (17) i't?oo 1QIsa 3
] ~ m4)(lTETpa)
16:2 (18) M';n 1QIsa corr] {o}'in 1QIsa 3 · ; rrrn m (see
3
NOTE)
16:3 (19) ,':J,' 1QIsa 3

] 'M':J" m-, 'M':J" q
m , mss; lTMlOVa 4)
16:3 (19) w.u 1QIsa3m L ] 'rD.u mmss
16:4 (21) r'o., 1QIsa rl)' m 3
]
L
16:4 (21) en 1QIsa 34)]

,on m
16:6 (23) ilM) 1QIsa3mmss] M) m
16:6 (23) nJ 1QIsa3 ] 1nJM) m L

16:6-7 (24) M,i;l p~7 ... pi;l 1QIsa3 ] P Mi;l m; oUX OUTWl; ... oUX OUTWl;
pi;l7 ... 7 4)
16:7 (24) 'rD'rDMi;l1QIsa3 m ] TOl< KaTOlKOUoW e (= 'rDJMi;l? cf jer 48:31)
16:7 (25) ,)"n 1QIsa 3 m] ,)", mms cf Cl::
16:8 (25) i't?~ 1QIsa3 ] ~OM m
16:8-9 (26) ilO::IrDl'"'lilO::IrD 1QIsa3 ] + C' ,,:::W
1rDt:lJ il'mmrD '::1'0 ,.un ,.u)J ,r.u' ,.0 il'P"rD ,oi;ln C',) 'i;l.u::l
ilO::lrD IEl) ,r.l1' ':>::1::1 il:>::IM p i;l.u 9 1QIsab me
16:9 (26) TnM 1QIsa3 4)(Tcl BEv8pa uou)] 1"'M m
16:10 (27) m,' 1QIsa3 t i ] P" m
16:10 (27) M,i;l, 1QIsa mmss(Mi;l')ti(vid)Cl::O] Mi;l m L
3
16:10 (28) 'n:JrDil 1QIsaam] lTElTaUTaL yap 4)

16:11 (29) rD,n 1QIsaam] 0 EVEKalvlua< (= ...JrD1n; cf VAR 41:1) 4)
16:12 (29) il'il' 1QIsaa] rrrn mti(vid)
16:12 (30) M::I 1QIsaa] ilMi;lJ me
16:14 (142) 1MrD'I 1QIsaam] KaL KaTaMl<t>8fluETaL (= 'MrDJ') 4)50
16:14 (2) M,i;l, 1QIs aa4)(vid)] M,i;l m
16:14 (2) ,,:J:> 1Q Isa3 t i ] ,':J:> m
Isaiah 17
17:1 (3) proo"bis 1QIsaa] prDO,bis me
17:1 (3) rrrn 1QIsaa] rrrrn m
17:1 (3) '.uc 1QIsa3 m ] > 4)
17:2 (4) "li1,.u ".0 1QIsaa] ,li1.u ',.l1 m; elc TOV atwva (= ,.0 ',.u?) 4)
17:3 (5) C'~w.:l 1QIsaam] TOU KaTa<!>UYElv E<ppallJ. e
17:3 (5) proo"o 1Q Isa 3
] PrDO'O m, EV ~alJ.auK4) e
17:3 (5-6) rrrr ?MirD' 'J:! ":l:l~ 1QIsaa] rrr 'rD' ':J ':;) m; aTrOM'iTal ou 'Yap CYiI /3EhLWV E1 TWV ULWV
I CYpaTJA Kat Ti)e; 8~e; airrwv 6)
17:4 (7) nrr 1QIsaam] CYElaOf)CYETaL (= ilUi') 6)
17:5 (8) i'~P' 1QIsaa] i'~' me
17:6 (9) C'iJ;J lQIsaa] C'iJiJ m
17:6 (10) 'ElDO:J 1QIsaa] il'El.uO:J m
17:7 (11) 'il1rD'.u 1Q Isaa] ",rD.u m
17:8 (12) ?.u lQlsaa6)(vid)] ?~ m
17:8 (12) ,'rD.uo 1QIsaa] "" ilrD.ue me
17:8 (13) irD~ 1QIsaa6)] i~' m
17:8 (13) ~,?, 1QIsaa 6)] ~? m
17:8 (13) C'irD~il lQlsaa6)(Ta BEVBpa airrwv)50 1 O'i]rb~i11 4QIsabmcr
17:9 (14) ih.uo 'i.u 1QIsaam{1f.uO '.u) 1 TrOAEle; CYOU 6)
17:9 (14) m:J'f.u~ lQlsaa6)5 1 n~'f.u~ mL
17:9 (14) i'~il' rDini1 lQIsaam 1 OL A~oppalOl Kat OL EualOL 6)
17:10 (15) 'm:>lZ11QIsaa] nn:llZ1 4QIsaa4QIsabm
17:10 (16) i'~ 1QIsaam] Kat KUpLOU 6)
17:10 (16-17) iJbi'ifn if rrren 0')'0.u) '.uo) 1QIsaam(U.11im if nien C':lO.u) ')] <l>\rrE\J~a aTrlCYTOV Kat
C1TrEp~a aTrlCYTOV 6)
17:11 (17) 'rDJrDjrDn lQIsaa 1

'JrDmrDn 4QIsaa; 'JrDJlZ1n m, TTNzVTJEhlO1J 6) (cf'JrDJrDn' ion- XVI.9
[Suk VIII.9])
17:11 (18) :J'~' 1QIsaa] ~:>, m L ; Kat We: TranlP 6)
17:12 (19) P'Oil' 1QIsaam 1 Tapax01lCYEC18E 6)
17:12 (20) C',:l:l 1QIsaa 1 C'i':l:l m; > 6)
17:12 (20) p~' 1QIsaa 1P~lZ1' m6)(i}X1lCYEl)
17:13 (20) l'~'-tl'OO~? 1QIsaam L6)(vid) (ditt?) 1 > mmss5 (hapl?)
17:13 (21) i.uJ" 1QIsaa] i.uJ' 4QIsabm
17:14 (22) UJ'~' 1QIsaa6) 1 '~m
17:14 (22-23) u'rrO):J? ... ,)'O,rD 1Q Isaam 1 TWV u~ae; TTPOVO~EOOciVTWV ... TOLe; u~ae; KAT)povo~"cyaCYlv 6)
Isaiah 18
18:1 (24) ?~ ?~ 1Q Isaam(?~?~) 1 lTAOLWV 6)
18:2 (24) C'i'~ lQIsaam 1 ()~T)pa (= C"'~?) 6)
18:2 (25) "O? 1QIsaam 1 lTOpEOOOVTal (= ,:>?'.) 6)
18:2 (25) ',J? 1QIsaa 1 "J?~ m
18:2 (25) Oi'oo, lQIsaammss] Oi1l:l' m-. Kat ~EVOV 6)
18:2 (26) 10 1QIsaam 1 Tk (= '0·) 6)
18:2 (26) 'P'P 1QIsaamms 1 'P'P m aVEATrlCYTOV 6) (cf v 7)
L
;
18:2 (26) '~r:J 1QIsaa 1 '~f:J m, vVV (= ~(:J)?) 6) (cf v 7)

18:4 (28) ilO1prD~ 1QIsaam ] il~l\7M mq
18:4 (29) Cl"T:J lQIsaam L ] C,':J mmss6)SO
18:5 (30) ",OJ '1O:J' 1Q I sa 8 ] '?QJ '9:J' mL

18:6 (31) 1:JU" 1QIsa84)] 1:Jr.l1' m; ':Jr.sr(?) 4QIsab
18:6 (31) C"iJ 1QIsa8m] C',iJiJ 4QIsab; TOU ovpavou 4)
18:6 (31) mc.':J'" 1QIsa8] nor.o",
< nnr.:l:J!;l,. 4QIsa b; rY;liJ:J!;l, m L
18:6 (32) r'~ 1QIsa8] ~iJj1' 4QIsab ma:
18:7 (32) iJn.l1:J 1QIsa8] nl.l1:J 4QIsabm
18:7 (15 I) C.l10, .. , wo 1QIsa84)(vid)0(vid)] C.l10 ... 0.l1 4QIsa b; C.l10' '" C.l1 m
18:7 (I) o,cc, 1QIsa8] 0''10' 4QIsabm; Kat Te:Tl~EVOU 4)
18:7 (1-2) ilM?m ~;"O 1QIsa81D(drro TOU vW Kat elc TOV aLwva xp6vOV)] ilM!;lil' 10 4QIsa b; il~!;li11 tm 10 m
18:7 (2) 'f"P 1QIsa8mms] 'p'p m L ; EArrL(ov ID (cf v 2)
18:7 (2) ~c lQIsa8 (contra ,~r:J Burl)] ,~c 4QIsa bma'0; ev ~fPH ID (cf v 2)
18:7 (2) rrrr 1QIsa8] + n,~ 4QIsabmlDa:SO
Isaiah 19
19:2 (5) 'roo;'01 1QIsa 8m] [')i~i[ 4QIsa b; Kat ETTeye:p6TlaOVTal ID
19:2 (5) C',~c lQIsa8mlDa:SO] C',~:j? 4QIsab
19:2 (6) ,'m lQIsa8] ,'.l1 m4)(vid)
19:3 (7) C'~~ lQIsa8] c'!;l"'~, m4)(vid)
19:5 (9) non (...JnrDJ) 1QIsa84QIsabm] Kat rrtovmt CVilnrD) ol AlYVrrrlOl 4)
19:6 (IO) 'In'Jm, 1QIsa81D(Kat EKAe:tl/sOUO"lV)] 'In'li~m 4QIsabm
19:6 (lO) ,.,~ n"ilJil 1QIsa8] ,!;l!;l, rrrrn m
19:6-7 (IO) ,.,cp,71QIsa8] (7) ;"01'(7) 4QIsab; 7 ,!;lcp m-s, 7Kat TO aX l 4); ~:J,,7 ppO'~" a:;
marcescet 7nudabitur 0
19:7 (ll) ~pJ' lQIsa8] 9'J 4QIsabma:0
19:7 (ll) 1:J 1'~' 1QIsa8] 'JJ'~' 4QIsabma:So; > ID
19:8 (ll) C'J'1iJ 1QIsa8] C')''1iJ 4QIsabmL('~'1i1)IDa:SO
19:9 (l2) 'llD,:J' 1QIsa8(contra ~':J' Burl)O] 'fZ1:J' ma:SO mss; Kat alaxvVT] A1l~l/sE:TQl ID
19:9 (13) rrn 1QIsa84QIsab(;, 'In) (cf BHS note)] ;"n 1QIsabm
19:10 (l4) ,~ 1QIsa8] ~ m-, TOV (OOov (~) ID
19:11 (14) il'lDn 1 QIsa8] 'c~n 4QIsabm
19:11 (lS) O'Cl"I lQIsa8] c'~n 4QIsabm4)a:so
19:13 (16) "'~J 1 QIsa8mo~'U)] ECfAlTTOV ID
19:13 (l7) ~;fZ1J lQIsa8] '~J (= ...JillWi) m, Kat iJlJsWet,aav (= ...JtWJ) ID
19:14 (lS) 100 lQIsa8mlDso] 1]oJ 4QIsab (cf il~'OJil il~" Isa 25:7)
19:15 (20) 1(')CJ~' iI£l~ 1QIsa8m] dpxTJV Kat TEAoc; 4)
19:15-16 (20) ~'il C":J16 oacat lCJ~' ~ :J:ln lD(')Mi iTlDl1' iQ:M iTlDl1C 1 QIsaam(~"'il C":J16 0 :1'CJ~' ... )IDa:SO ]
~'Io'il C":J(16) IOJ~' ilE3~ ::JJn ~, iW!.l1'1 'fZ1~1 Sb vacat? ~ll[c 1QIsa b;
16 "acat j ~\'iil q,':J p]6J~; il~ ::JJn lD[~, ilfZ111' ,~ illDl1C (cf 9:13; 2:11) 4QIsab;
am r6J~16 am r6J~ ~ta ... smss
19:16 (20) "nE3, rrm 1QIsaaa:(vid)] ,nt{,j"m 4QIsa bmS(vid)0(vid); EV <t>6~ Kat tv Tp6~411D
19:16 (21) rr 9'J"0 1QIsaa] 9'JC m
19:17 (21) n"i11 lQIsaa(contra '''i11 Burl and "i11 Bur2)] ;m'i11 4QIsabm
19:17 (23) ~.111QIsaamlf)~so] ,'nEl,Jl1 4QIsab (cf v 16)
19:18 (25) rn~~ rrrr 1QIsaam] T4i 6v6~aTL KtJptOtJ 6)
19:18 (25) Oim 1QIsaa 4QIsa bmmssa'O] Oim mS(c»'CD); aaE&K 6); aaES TJAtotJ If)s; apse a'S';
::linO' ~"nJ)' ~ n'::l ~ (= O"'"lii Oim?) (BHS note errs)
19:19 (26) rrrr 1QIsaa mecs Ephrern 0] + n~~ 4QIsabSmss; cf vv 18, 20; cf 4QIsab 5:25
19:20 (27) rr-rn 1QIsaa] rrrn 4QIsabm
19:20 (27) ,~, lQIsaam] de; TOV aLwva If)
19:20 (27) n,~ 1QIsaam] > If)
19:20 (28) rrn" 1QIsaa] mar, 4QIsabm
19:20 (28) "" lQIsaa] ::li' mlf)(KptvWV)
19:21 (29) ,,::l.I1' ~"'ii O,'::l oacat 1QIsaa] ,,::l.I1, ~":rii O,'::l me
19:22 (30) 'EliJ' 1QIsaa] ~'Eli' m; KalLaa€TaL airroix; LaaH If)
19:23 (32) ,,::l.I1, 1QIsaa] + O'i~ 1QIsab4QIsabm6)~SO
19:23 (161) i'tzlM M lQIsaa4QIsabm] TOle; 'Aa(JtJplOle; 6)~
19:24 (1-2) i'tzlM" O'il:'OC, 1QIsaam] tr If)
Isaiah 20
20:1 (4) lmm 1QIsaamqmn)] TavaSav If)
20:1 (4) 1')"10 1QIsaa4QIsabm] Lapvav If)ed
20:1 (5) m1:~c", 1QIsaa] ii'~C,', m L
20:2 (5) ii'oWl' 1 QIsaa4QIsab~ 1 "".1110' m~ms
20:2 (6) 1'c,.11J, 1QIsaalf)a'a'S~O] 17.11J' m L
20:2 (6) r'?rm 1QIsaa] y?rin m L
20:3 (7) rroWl' 1Q I sa a] 'ii'.!1ID' m
20:4 (9) n,u lQIsaa] rn,) m
20:5 (10) '1O'::l" lQIsaa] lIO::l' m
20:5 (10) cnO::lO 1QIsaa] Ct:l::lO m, e-cf>' ole; 1)aav lTElTOl%T€e; If)
20:5 (11) O'il:'OO' 1Q Isaa] O'il:'O 10' m
20:6 (11) iiJii 1QIsaam] lii 4QIsaa
20:6 (12) 100J 1QIsaa] UOJ me
Isaiah 21
21:1 (14) 0' i::l' 1QIsaa] 0' i::l'O m; Tile; Epi]~OtJ 6)
21:2 (15) ,m 1QIsaa] '~::r mLIf)
21:2 (15) ".11 1 QIsaam('7~)] ElT' E~ot 6)
21:2 (16) 'i'l:' lQIsaa] 'i'l:' m; Kat ol lTpEal3ne; If)
21:2 (16) 'n::llDii iinmM (C,::l m)c,'::l 1QIsaam] ElT' E~E EPXOVTaL vw aT€vacw Kat lTapaKaMaw E~atJT6v If)
21 :3-4 (18) '::l::lC,,(4) iim(4) 1QIsaa4QIsaa('::l]:jC,,(4) iiJm(4» 1 ,:oc, ii~4 mLIf)~<1"'::l'c,)SO; cf a'
21:4 (18) 910J lQIsaam 1 "Ii tPtJxT1 ~OIJ (= IOElJ) 6)
21:5 (19) n'Ell:'ii (iiD~ m)iiEl'l:' 1QIsaam] > If)
21:6 (21) i'r, 1QIsaa] ")' m; avciYYElAOV e

21:7 (21) c'n rD'M ,~ ::0, 1QIsaa] c['w'iil tzrM "O~ ::0, 4QIsaa; C'tZ1,!) ,o~ ::0' meso,
l'tZ11El ),r iT'01l' tZl)M 1m ~ (= C'tZ11El'~ IO'M ::0" cf 21:9 m~)
21:8 (22) i1M.", 1QIsaas] il'"lM m; OvpLav e
21:9 (24) 'll1" 1QIsaa] 11'" 4QIsaamll)~50
21:9 (25) ,,::ltZ1 1QIsaa6)(vid)U:SOSyh] '::ltZ1 m
21:10 (25) 'nIO'O 1QIsaam] pr aKoooaTE e
21:10 (25-26) ",) l:n 1QIsaa] ')1) 1::J' m, Kat oi. 68uvw~EVOL e
21:11 (28) i"IC" 1QIsaamL ] C"M mmSS~(TfJe; 180\l~aLae;)
21:11 (28) 7'0 1· 1QIsaa] i1?- m
21:13 (30) ::J'1'::J Ml:DO 1QIsaam] > e
21:13 (30) ::J'1'::J 2· 1QIsaam(::Ji-V:J)] EO"1TEpae; (= ::J'l~~) 6)~50
21:13 (30) c'm, 1QIsaa] C'~T1 mL
21:14 (31) W'lMil 1QIsaa4QIsaa] rrn m
21:14 (31) t:rr?::J 1QIsaa 4QIsab(]Cm::J)~~mso] ]::J' 4QIsaa; ,0m::J m; l"~M pnM' MOO c, ~ 5
21:15 (32) "J 1QIsaa] ,,,J m
21:15 (171) ,,::0 1QIsaa] ':;;0 m, TWV TTETTTWKOTWV e
21:16 (1) mil' 1QIsaa~] 'J1M 4QIsaam; KilpLOS' 6)
21:16 (1) C'Jl:D 1O''?tZ1 1Q Isaa] jim m e
21:16 (2) i1'?~' 1Q Isaa~] ,~ i1?~, m
Isaiah 22
22:1 (4) p,m 1QIsaa] p'm m; ~LWV e (cf V 5)
22:1 (4) 'n"?l' ... ,~'o 1QIsaa] n',l' ... l' jlO m; TL EYEvno OOL ... aVEf3T)TE 6) (cf l'ilo l Q'Isa",
l' ilO mv 16)
22:1-2 (4) n'Ml:Dn(2?) t'11J)' 1QIsaam('n 2 ")] de; 8w~aTa ~ciTaLa 2 (= mM~?) 6)
22:2 (5) ilr?J1 jJ'jP 1QIsaam] > e
22:3 (6) i11lOM 1QIsaa] "OM m, &&~EVOL dOL e
22:4 (7) 'Joe '1'~ 1QIsaa]'Jr.!'llUf m L ; c'ic/>ETE ~E e
22:4 (7) '1OM' 1QIsaa] '1OM me
22:4 (7) lim 1QIsaa] '~'M m; KanOXUOT)TE e
22:5 (8) il~':lO' 1QIsaam L ] > mmss
22:5 (9) l"fn 1QIsaam] ~LWV 6) (cf v 1)
22:5 (9) '11 '1IZl'P 'p'po 1QIsaa] 'M 1''1IZl' 'P 'p'po m, TTXaVWVTaL drro ~LKPOU EWS' ~E"YciAO\l
TTAaVWVTaL ETTt ~
22:6 (to) "p' 1QIsaa] "p' m; Kat ouvaywyrl e

22:6 (to) po i1iJ1 1QIsaam] TTapaTciCEWC; e
22:7 (10) rrrn 1QIsaa] 'il" m
22:8 (12) ,.l1'i1 n'::J Pl:DJ 1QIsaam] Tove; EKAEKToiJe; olKove; Tile; rroAEWC; (= j'l1i1) ~
22:10 (14) Ct'1i!JO 1QIsaam] > e
22:10 (14) ~m, 1QIsaa] ~~, m L ; OTL KaOELAooav e
22:10 (14) '1D' lQIsaa] '~::l' m L

22:11 (14) rnc,riil lQIsaa] C'lJ/:YTiT mLfi
22:11 (IS) '.11 1QIsaa] ,~ 4QIsacm
22:13 (19) n'lnD'l 1QIsaam] 'lrnn 4QIsac ; Kat lTLElV e
22:13 (19) TiUrl 1QIsaam] iT~ 4QIsaa; Kat TTtW~EV fiCro
22:14 (20) i'llD' ... ~, 'EI:!' 1QIsaa] 1... 'E"['l~ 4QIsa c; ~, •.. 1m' m; '.' ~, ,El,'· fi
22:14 (20-21) n,~~-,c~ 1QIsaam] > e (cf v 15)
22:15 (22) 'J,-m 1QIsaa'l QIsab('J,~)mL('J-m)] > mmssfie'S
22:15 (22) ~ 2" lQIsaa4QIsafmmSSfi(vid)~S] '.111" m
22:15 (23) n'::l.i lQIsaam] + Kat ElTTOV aim\> fi
22:17 (25) 1c:l'.11' lQIsaa (contra 1c:l'.11' Burl)] lc:l].11" lQIsab4QIsaa(ic:l.11~i); 1c:lm m
22:18 (25) ilEl~ iT;:)ElJ~ ~J'J~ lQIsaa (contra iTEl~ iT'ElJ~ 9'J~ Burl)] iTEl~ 1~' 9'~ 4QIsaam;
iTEl'~ lEliJ~ 9U~ 4QIsaf ; Kat TOV UTEc/>av6v (= 9'~) cou ... 18 Kat ptljsn UE fi; coronans
coronabit te tribulatione 0
22:18 (26) ilClZ1' ... iTClZ11QIsa'lQIsab4QIsa'(iT6lZ11[)m] ClZ1' ... ClZ1 4QIsa f ; Kat EKEl ... Kat 6T)un fi
22:18-19 (27) l'nEl,m l9 lQIsaa4QIsaam] de; KaTa1T(iTTJ~a 19 fi
22:19 (27) 10'il lQIsaa4QIsa'] i''Oil' 4QIsa f ; 10"')il' mLfiL~mss; 10'~· ~SO; > e
22:20 (28) 'nip' 1QIsaa] 'n~,p' 4QIsaam
22:20 (28) i1'p,n 1QIsaa4QIsaf ] ,ii'- 4QIsaam
22:22 (30) n'::l rinoo 1QIsa'm] nlv B~av e
22:23 (31) ,n' "n.11pn, 1QIsaam] Kat unluw alrrov apxoVTa fi
22:24 (181) lc:lP lQIsaa] lc:lPillQIsa b4QIsaa4QIsabm
Qmg
22:25 (2) mil' 1" lQIsaa4QIsaamfi~SO] iiiii; 'n~ 4QIsaffi
22:25 (2) lZ11cn lQIsaalQIsa bm ] lZ1;cn 4QIsaa; KlVll6T)uETal e (cf 4QExod c [DJD XII.114, 116]
and JJL at Exod 13:22, and mq at Prov 17:13)
Isaiah 23
23:1 (5) "",~ 1QIsaa] "''''il 4QIsa'm
23:1 (5) ~1:JO n'::JO lQisaalQIsab(jn'::JO)4QIsa'm] Kat OUKETl EPXOVTal fi
23:1 (6) c"ro 1QIsaa] C'!'D m L
23:1-2 (6) 10,210' lQIsa' ] 'lci'ic,(2) 4QIsaa; 10,210' ma'u'~SO; ~tVl O~OLOl "YE'Y6VaULV (= 1Ci 'C,2_) e
23:2 (6) ',::lJ1- fi(8LaTTEpwVTEC;)~O
,,::lJ1 1QIsa'4QIsaa(i'::lJ1)] ,::lJ1 ms,
23:2 (6) l"~"C lQIsa'] 'i~',c 4QIsaa; 1;~',c lQIsa b(contra l'~"C in Sukenik); l'~'C meso, > e
23:3 (7) ,nlZ1 lQIsaa4QIsaa] ,nro m L; IlETa~AwV (= ,nO-) e
23:3 (7) 'iln1 ... ,~, 1QIsa'm] > e
23:4 (8) iTi~ lQIsaa] ,~ lQIsab4QIsaam~S
23:5 (10) .11ClZ11QIsaa4QIsaa(.11OlZ1[)] lJ~ m L; O:KOOOTOV YEVllTal fiO; r60J~r<':t 5
23:6 (10) "::l'.111QIsa'] i,::li14QIsaa; ,,::lJ,1 mLfi(o:rrEAeaTE)
23:7 (11) m1,m 1Q Isaa] iTr"lJ m
23:7 (12) j"1'?::l1 1QIsaa] m':l' m, -Ii rrapaBo6f\val aimlv e
23:7 (12) "J' p(,)n,O il'''J' lQIsaa4QIsaam] > e
23:8 (12) iT1(')O.uC.i 1QIsaam] 1111 ilaawv(= O.uc) EOTtV 11 oUK laxuEl ti
23:9 (14) ';n l~J i;l,::> 1QIsaati] ';n i;l::> l~J m
23:10 (14) ":J.l1 1 QIsaati(EP'Ya'otJ)CI:(t~i;lJ)] ]o:J.l1 4QIsaa; '1':J.l1 4QIsaCm('1:J.l1)SO
23:10 (14-15) n:1 1(')M'::> 1QIsaa4QIsac(]'i~'::»m] Kat 'Yap TTAola (n:J'~ '::>? or
1?) II v e
23:11 (15) rJ1il 1QIsaa4QIsaamti(i) TTa~woooa)S(~'tr<'a)O] rJ1ili;l 4QIsa ca:::
23:11 (16) mil' 1QIsaam] KUPLO~ aaj3awe e

23:11 (16) il'ni1c ,,00iT?1QIsaa] il'jf[,.uO 4QIsac; il'Jr.uc iCan m
23:12 (17) ".11 1QIsaa 4QIsaa meeso ] n.u 4QIsac (cf ni;l.u';l following)
23:12 (17) iTptD.l1O 1QIsaa] iTptD.uC.i 4QIsaam; Kat a8LKflV e
23:12 (17) mm 1QIsaa4QIsaam] > e
23:12 (17) C"n::> 1QIsaa4QIsacm L C'n::> m q
]
23:12 (18) OlD 1QIsaam] ilOrD 4QIsac

23:13 (19) iTJil 1QIsaa] 1il m
23:13 (19) C"itD::> 1QIsaa] C'''!tD::> m L
23:13 (19-20) '11(1).u-1'~ 1QIsaa4QIsacm] alTO TWV 'Aa(JtJpLwv OTt ti
23:13 (19) 1"~ 1QIsaa] c"~b 4QIsacm; > e (d 23:17)
23:13 (20) mO'piT 1QIsaa] 1O'PiT m L ; C'Pil mms
23:13 (20) iT'J'n:J 1QIsaa] ,')'n:J m L ; "J,n:J m q
23:13 (20) il'mJ01~ 1QIsaam] ,'nU'C1~ 4QIsac
23:14 (21) 1n310 1QIsaa] prvo me
23:15 (21) ~'il1QIsaa] ~'iTi1 4QIsacm
23:15 (21) 1~i;l 1QIsaa] [C'31:JtD fPC i~ 1i;lc 'c'::> ilJtD C'31:JtD] 'i(')~ (KaTaAEL<pef)aETaL e. nn- m)iTn::>tDJ'
1(1)~ (il'il' m)i1';" ilJtD 4QIsacmti (~'ilnil'iT' in 1QIsaa? or add in 4QIsaCm?)
23:17 (23) l'.u:JtD 1QIsaa] C'31:JtD m (cf 23:13)

23:17 (24) m::>i;loo 1QIsaa] pr i;l::> me
23:18 (27) iT'il' 1QIsaam] rrrn (2°) 4QIsac
23:18 (27) p'n.u 1QIsaam] + EVaVTl KtJpLOtJ ti
Isaiah 24
24:1 (28) mil' 1QIsaama:::] ')'1~ 4QIsac; KVPLO~ e
24:1 (28) iTCiMiT 1QIsaa] r1~i 4QIsacm; Tllv otKOtJllEVTW e
24:1 (28) m.111 1QIsaa4QIsafm] Kat aVaKaAU!jJEl (= -.lm31) e
-
24:2 (30) ~J 1~ ~'D 1QIsaa] iTtDJ 1~::> iTtD1D 4QIsac; ~tD) 1tD~::> iltDJ::> m
24:3 (31) mil' (~)'::> 1QIsaa4QIsacm] TO 'Yap crouu KUpLOtJ (= miT"E) '::» e (cf 1:20; 58:14 1QIsaamti)
24:4 (32) iTi;l:JJ bis 1QIsaa4QIsacm] > e
24:4 (191) i;li;l~ 1QIsaa4QIsac] ,~C~ m
24:5 (2) m11n 1QIsaam(n"11n)] rrm 4QIsacti(Tov vouo«)
24:5 (2) '1(')El.i 1QIsaam] > e
24:6 (2) iT::>~ 1QIsaa] + r~ 4QIsacmtiCl:SO
24:6 (3) 1OtD', 1QIsaaCl:(vid)sms(vid)] 'o~', 4QIsacmtiSO
24:6 (3) r~ 1QIsaam] r1~]ii 4QIsac
24:7 (4) lElJ 1QIsaam6}a:so] "'i~ lElJ 4QIsac (cf Joel 1:10)
24:8 (5) 1'~ 1QIsaam] aOOdBna KaL TTAoUToc; 6}
24:9 (5) i'll1::l 1QIsaam] -oaxw6Jlaav (=
'1ll1::l) 6}
24:9 (6) iO" 1QIsaa] iO' 4QIsacm6}(SO
24:9 (6) ,'mtlh 1QIsaamO'nll1")] "i'n~ 4QIsac
24:11 (7-8) 1l1'1ll10 il"J ilnoo .,O)~ il::liD 1QIsaa4QIsacm] TTETTaUTaL trdon EixppooUVll 6}
24:12 (8) i~Il1J 1Q Isaam6}OLa:o] i~Il1J' 4Q Isac6}5
24:12 (8) il'~' 1QIsaam] il~'rzn 4QIsac
24:12 (9) iDIl1 1QIsaa m] iliDll1 4QIsac
24:14 (10) U'i' 1QIsaam(Ui')] ,m, 4QIsac; ol BE KaTaAELepeEVTES bTL Tils yfls ElJ<ppav6f}aOVTaL a~a 6}
24:14 (11) ' 'i'r.' 1QIsaam6}(vid) (0] '~, 4QIsac5
24:14 (II) !:I'O 1QIsaam(vid)50] !:Ii'c (!:I; 'O?) 4QIsac; TO uBwp (uBaTa 8') Till; 8aMaC1T\l; (= !:I' '0) 6} 8'
24:15 (II) !:I'i~::l 1Q I sa" m] !:Ii~::l !:I'i~'::l 4Q Isac; > 6}
24:15 (11) 'i~ 1QIsaam] ];,~ 4QIsac6}(li Mea)
24: 15-16 (12) 16 "~i!D' 'iTO)"~ rrrr 1QIsaam] I~UPlE b OEOl; IapaT)A 6}
24:16 (13) ''''ti''''ti 1QIsaam] > 6}
24:18 (IS) "'pC 1QIsaam] > 6}
24:19 (17) iliri 1QIsaamL] D'li 1QIsabmms
24:19 (18) ri~i 1QIsaam] r]'i~ 1QIsab
24:19 (18) ilOO,cn.i 1 QIsaam] ]6o'lCli o [ 4QIsac; > 6}(li yfl 2·("l3·?, aut tt?); KA(E)l6f)OETaL 6}Lmss8';
P'iElnn (; ~a:>'.I~ 5; commovebitur 0
24:20 (19) ri~il 1QIsaa] ri~ 1QIsabm
24:20 (19) ~i"Jnil' 1QIsaa] ]~i'J- 1QIsab; rrrru- m
24:20 (19) ilJ'''~' 1QIsaa] 'O~ m
24:20 (20) "ElJ, 1Q Isaa] il"- m
24:21 (21) ~"1il !:I,'::l rrrn 1QIsaam] > 6)
24:22 (22) iTEl~ ,~ 1QIsaa] i']6~ tp~ ~o~, 4QIsac; i'O~ ilElO~ 'El~' ma'(S; Kat aUVaeOOOl (= 'ElO~') 6}
24:23 (23) ilD"il 1 QIsaamL(ilJ~"il)] li TTAtv60c (= il~"il) 6}
24:23 (24) ilcnil 1QIsaam L(ilQlJil)] TO TElXoc; (= ilr,lhil) 6}
Isaiah 2S
25:1 (26) 1l:l!D lQIsaam] il~ ~ 4QIsac
25:1 (27) n'~ (err?) 1QIsaa] n~D 1QIsa bm6}(!3ouA"v)
25:1 (27) lC~ ilJiC~ 1QIsaa1QIsabm (dbl?)] aAT)8wfw YEVOlTO KUplE 6} (add)
25:2 (27-28) i'DC ... il'iP ... i'DC 1QIsaam] TT6Mll; ... rr6Mll; ... TT6All; 6}
25:2 (28) !:I'ir 1QIsaa1QIsabm L] !:I'iF. mmss6}(TWV aaEf3Wv) (cf vv 4, 5)
25:3 (29) rD 1QIsaam] b TTTWX6l; 6}
25:3 (29) l'~i" 1QIsaam] EUAoyf]C1ouat ae 6}
25:4 (29) ."., r1DO 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] TTaOlJ TT6AEL (= i'D?) TUTTELVlJ 6}
25:4 (30) !:lire 1QIsaam] aTTO avOpWrrwv rroVllpWv (= !:I'in Pixn:1 aliToul; 6) (ef vv 2, 5)
25:4-5 (31) ::lio)n~5 i'P Cir~ 1 Q'Isa" 1QIsabm] 5Wi; dvOpwTTOl 6Aly&/sUXOl BUpWVTEl; 6}
25:5 (3\) P'~:J 1 QIsaamL(l"~:J)] EV ~lWV (= l1'~:J) e

25:5 (31) l1'Dn C'ir 11~ 1QIsaam] alTO avepwmuv aUEl3Wv (= C'1r.) ole li~ac lTuplBwKUC ~ (cf vv 2, 4)
25:5 (3\-32) ilJJ1'-"~:J 1QIsaam] > e
25:6 (20 \-2) C'ppo)rO C'iOO c'noo C'JOO C'iOrD ilnrDO C'DrD ilnrDO 1QIsaam] lTLOVTUl EixppoUUVTJV lTLOVTUl
otvov XPLUOVTUl ~upov ~
25:7 (2) .lhJ' lQIsaam] > e (cf v 8)
25:7 (3) il:>1OJ.1 il:>oo." C'ODil "0):> ".0 O'''il O'''il ('E m)'E 1Q Isaam] rrupdooc TUDTU rrdvrn TOl.C
levEalV li yap I3<>UAli uiiTrl ~
25:8 (4) .lhJ 1 QIsaam~(vid)] .0":11 mmss
25:8 (5) rrrr ,~ 1QIsaam] TO yap aT6p.u KUpLOlJ (= rrrr 'El '~) e (cf 24:3)
25:9 (7) niOM' 1QIsaas] ir.t~' 4QIsacma::o; KUl EpoDul ~omss
25:9 (7) miT' 1QIsaa] > me
25:9 (7) u.o'rD,', 1QIsaam] > e
25:9 (8) nOrDJ' 1QIsaa] rm- m
25:10 (8-9) rrrr l' mJn lQIsaam] avcllraoolv BWaEl (= n'Jn) 6 eEOC ~
25:10 (9) rD'1n~ 1QIsaa (err)] rD'1il~ me
25:10 (9-10) ilJ010 'O:J 1QIsaam L] ilJr.l10 'OJ m q ; Ev <i~ci~UlC e
25:11 (10) rDiEl' lQIsaa] eimEl' 4QIsac ; rD'J~' m L
25:11 (11) "1' n':Ji~ C.o 1QIsaam] EcP' a TaC XElpaC ElTEl3aAE ~
25:12 (12) ilnrDil 1Q I saa ] nrDi1 4QIsacm
25:12 (12) l1')' 1QIsaa] .if),1 4QIsacm
Isaiah 26
26:1 (13) i'rD' lQIsaa] ;tbi[' 1QIsab4QIsac m, q.UOVTUL e
26:1 (13) M,m i'rDil 1QIsaa] Mri1 rrrert 1Qfsa"; ]ii i'rDil 4QIsac ; nm i'CDil m
26:1 (13) n.olQIsaa] r.v m (orth or var?)
26:1 (14) ';In, mon 1QIsaam~(sg)S(sg)O(sg)] il"'n1 il'mo,n 4QIsa c
26:2 (14) Ti.I1rD 1QIsaa] C'i.I1rD 1QIsab m~(lTUAaC)
26:2 (14) ~(1)J" 1QIsaam] '~:J" 1QIsab
26:3 (15) i~n 1'00 i~' 1QIsaa4QIsac (]60 ;~')m] aVTlAap.~uv6~EVOC aAlleEtuc KUl cPuAciuuwv(= "i'~?) e
26:3 (15) c,':lrD l' lQIsaalQIsab(ci';fCD)ma::SO] > ~S
26:3-4 (15) mil':J ,no:J(4) il~J ,~(4) 1QIsaa] illil':J ,no:J4]mo:J 1:J'~ 1QIsab4QIsaC(~~~1.,..1 ,no:J 4 ni{o:J) m,
40TL ElTl col liAlTlUUV KUplE ~
26:4 (16) rrrr iT':J 1QIsaam] 'n]R il':J 4QIsa b; 6 eEOC e

26:5 (\6) nrDi11QIsaa] ritbii lQIsa b4QIsab4QIsacma::So; TalTElVWUUC KUnlyuyEC ~
26:5 (17) m"'ElrD' 1Q Isaa~s] + il"'oo' m
26:5 (17) '1.0 .,. ',.0 1 QIsaa] ,.0 ... [,.0 4QIsac m
26:6 (17-18) C"~ '''Ji 1 QIsaa~(lT68EC lTpaEWV)S] 'll1 '''Ji "Ji m
26:7 (18) iCD' 1QIsaarn] ,'i[CD'] 4QIsac
26:7 (18) p~ 1QIsaa4QIsac ] P'~ m; TWV EUaEl3Wv ~a::s (orth or var?)
26:7 (18) O?Eln lQIsaa] O"Eln rn~(lTUpEUKEUUU~EVTJ)
26:8 (19) U',p 1QIsaati«:5] 1'J''lp m

26:8 (19) 1m'1l"l" 1QIsaa] iiPi:>r!;l; 4QIsaC m ( 1 ' - ) t i
26:8-9 (19-20) 'rDm(9) rDEJJ n'M 1QIsaa (contra n1M in Burl)] J (9) 'rDEli r,,~n 4QIsabti(~ ETTlOu~iL 11 ljsuxTl
1I~wv 9); ,ooJ9 rDEJJ n1M mo. 'rDEJJ9 ~J rrrm «:
26:9 (20) (i1):;)~ 1QIsaam] + <> OEo<; e
26:9 (20) ,rmo 1QIsaam] epwe; (= i'~? ~?) e
26:9 (21) 1iO' 1QIsaa4QIsabm L(1'0'()] ~cl6ETE (= "Ol;l) e
26:10 (21) 11rr 1QIsaa] 11]: m L ; lTElTaUTaL 'Yup e
26:10 (22) "'lr 1QIsaa (contra "',l]' in Burl)] "nlr 4QIsa bm (cf n1M/n'M in v 8); ou ~i) lTOL~OlJ ti
26:10 (22) ':1' 1QIsaam] ap{hlTw <> aaE~~t;; lva ~T] ti
26:11 (23) 1m', 1QIsaa] -rr m, 'YvoVTEe; BE e
26:11 (23) CJ.I1il n~p 1 QIsaa] O,l] n~p m, CilAoc; Ai)flljsETaL AaOV cLlTaLBEUTOV e
26:12 (24) mil' 1QIsaam] + 6 OEOc; 1Iflwv ti (cf v 13)
26:12 (24) t!l,oon 1QIsaa4QIsab(t!lEJrDn)] nEJrDn mti(80e;)O'«:50
26:13 (25) O'J(1)~ m',l]:1 1QIsaam«:5(vid)O] ?1;J~ 'P,l]:1 4QIsab; KTilaaL li~ne; (= 1P,l]:1) KUpLE e
26:13 (26) ,bfJ 1QIsaa (contra i':;)fJ in Burl?)] ';;'fJ 4QIsa bm
26:14 (27) iOM1 1QIsaa] i:1M1 mti(Kal ~pae;)
26:15 (27) ',J'1" 1QIsaa4QIsabm] alJTole; (= lC'?) KaKcl e
26:15 (28) ',J, (i1)nEJO' r 1QIsaamL ] > mms; lTp6aOEe; KaKu e
26:15 (28) r'~ "~p '(1):;) npn, m:l:;)J 1QIsaa4QIsab(vid)m] rrdot TOle; EV~OLC; Tile; Yile; e
26:16 (29) TiO'O (1;-?)1i'PEJ 1QIsaa] 119'0
000 (11J'PEJ mmsstimss)1~'P'EJ m-, Efl~aOT)v cou
'00 .0.
li lTaLBda cou 4)
26:16 (29) wn, pp~ 1QIsaa] rDm pp~ 4QIsabm; EV 6ALljsH (= n~' < ..JmrD?) flLKPq.(= l1t!lP? ",l]~?) e
26:16 (29) 10' 1QIsaam] l]flLV e
26:17 (30) TJOO 1Q Isa 3m]
T4> a'Ya1TTJT4> oou BLU TOV </>6~ov aou ti
26:18 (31) ':11ru1W' 1QIsaati·(awTTJPLac; aou OUK?)] ':1 n,l]1rD' m; aWTTJpLae; OUK tied; aWTTJpLae; cou ti A BS;
aWTTJpLOU ti 239
26:18 (31) ':11 1QIsaam] aAAU e
26:18 (31) 1'1EJ' 1QIsaa] 1'~' m L
26:19 (211) 1JJi'1 '~'P' 1QIsaa] m" 1~'Pi1 m
26:19 (2) C'~EJ' ri~' 1QIsaam] Inpn aUToLe,; EaTLv li 8E yfJ TWV aaEl3wv ti
L q
26:20 (3) Tn" 1QIsaam ] 1n" m
26:20 (3) 1:ln 1QIsaa] ':In m
":l.l" 1QIsaam L ]
q
26:20 (4) ':l.l" m
26:21 (4) ';' 1QIsaa] + iiJiT me
Isaiah 27
27:1 (7) iTrDpi11QIsa3 m ] TTjv QyLav (= iTrDipiT) ti
27:1 (9) 0':1 ,~ 1QIsaam] > e
27:2 (10) ;o,n 1QIsaammss(,Ol"I)] ion m L ; KaAO<; ElTL6vflTJfla e (db!?)
27:3 (10) rrrr lQIsaam (add?)] > ti
27:3 (10) ;n~ lQIsaam] lTDAi.c; tuxupd lTDALc; lToAi.opKOUIJ.EVl") ti (dbl?)

27:3-4 (II) i1Cn i1J"~~ 1QIsaa] i1Cr:r 4 ilJ'~ m L ; lTEUELTaL TO TELXoc; (= i1r;;tT) 4 e
27:4 (1l-12) ..., 1'M lQIsaam] OUK lunv 11 OUK ElTEMI3ETO airrilc; ti
27:4 (12) "C~lZ7 1QIsaa] "00 m; <t>uMuUELV (= "ClZ7) e
27:4 (12) n'!Z71 1QIsaam mss a:so a' cf u,] n'lZ7 m L ; KaMIJ.Tlv €v ayP4l e
27:4-5 (13) 5 "n' iTJn'~' 1QIsaa] 5"ln"~ m; TOlVUV 8UI TODTO ElTOlTlUE KVpLOc; 0 eEOc; rrdvrn oua
UUVETa~E (= "m~) KaTaKEKaUlJ.aL (= ,,~,) 5 d)
27:5 (13-14) ,., iTlZ7.lJ' C'''lZ7 '? C,?tz7 i1lZ7.lJ' 'n.lJ~ prrT' ,~ 1QIsaa4QIsa f(vid)m] l3of)aovTaL ol EVOLKOUVTEc; EV
airri] lTOLf)UWIJ.EV Elpf)VTlv aiJT4> lTOLf)uWIJ.EV Elpf)Vl")V d)
27:6 (14) lZ7"lZ7' 1 QIsaam(rzil~~)a'u'e'] TEKVa d)
27:6 (14-15) mEl" f'~' 1QIsaa] n1El' f'~' m
27:7 (16) ,'J"iT 1QIsaatiS] ''r)i:) m L
27:8 (16-17) C"P-,'MOMO:J 1QIsaam] cf e
27:9 (18) "El ?(1)~ 1QIsaam] Tj EUAoyla aiJTou e
27:9 (18) iiMon 1QIsaa] '~on m (see NOTE)
27:9-10 (20) 11::l i1"~::l ,'.lJ ,~10 C'Jcn, 1QIsaam] Kal Tn E'l8WAa aiJTwv EKKEKOlJ.lJ.Eva WUlTEP 8pulJ.o,:: (= ,.l"~)
lJ.aKpdv 10 ti
27:10-11 (21-22) i1J'::llZ7n m'~p lZ7:J'::l(l1?) i1'El.lJO iT?~,(11?) 1QIsaa] i1J':JlZ7n i1"~P lZ7:J'::l1l i1'El.lJO m~, m;
IIKal IJ.ETn XpOvov OUK EUTaL EV airri] rrQV XAwpbv SUI TO ~Tlpav6fjvaL ti
27:11 (22) m"MC lQIsaam] drro eEac; (n1M'C?) d)
27:12 (24) o(1):Jn' 1QIsaa4QIsafma'u'e'] UUIJ.</>pci~EL e
27:12 (24) ?:JlZ7C 1QIsaa] n?:JlZ7C m
27:12 (24-25) C"~C ?nJ 1Q Isaam] •PLVOKOpOVpwV d)
27:12 (25) 1Op"n 1QIsaam] uuvaYclYETE e
27:13 (27) ,nl1lZ7iT1 1QIsaa] ~'OIJ~l mL
Isaiah 28
28:1 (29) l'MJ 1QIsaa] n'~J m
28:1 (29) ,,~ lQIsaa] ,,~ m-, ol IJ.LUeWTOl ("~~) d) (cf 7:20; 28:3)
28:1 (30) '~J lZ7M' 1QIsaa] ~'J lZ7M' m, Tile; KoptJ</>fic; TOU OpotJc; e
28:1 (30) 1" 1QIsaam] aVEU OLVOU e
28:2 (30) prn:l 1QIsaa] prn m
28:2 (31) i'T1iT''' 1QIsaa] 'J~? m, 0 eulJ.Oc; KUplOtJ e
28:2-3 (221) i1JOC1n C'''J,:J(3?) ":J(3?) f'M? n'JiT1(3?) 1QIsaa] ilJOC1n C'?J,:J 3 ,'::l f'M? n')., m.
Til yiJ lTOLf)UEL aVcllTaUUW Ta1c; XEpal KUl TOLe; lTOUl 3KUl KaTalTaTTl8f)uETaL tied;
Til yiJ lTOLf)UEL aValTaUaLV 3TULc; XEpal KUl TOLe; lTOUl KUTUlTUTTlef)UETaL d)AO
28:3 (I) ,,~ lQIsaam] ol IJ.La8WTOl ti (see v 1)
28:4 (2) i1n"iT1 1QIsaa] i1I;1;v! mL
28:4 (2-3) C'JC!Z7 'MJ lZlM' 1Q Isaa] C'JOlZ7 M'J lZlM' m; aKpotJ TOU opotJc; TOU iRJnlAOU e
28:4 (3) r'P C'O:J 1QIsaam] > e
28:4 (4) i1J".lJ:J 1QIsaa] rrnzi m
28:5 (5) m'El~' ,~ 1QIsaam] Tile; EAlTlSoc; 0 lTAUKEk d)
28:5 (6) 'C,U 1QIsaam] uou Aa4i 6)

28:6 (7) (iI)iw) ilcmc '::1'00 1QIsaam I KWAUwV aVEhELV 6) (cf 44:25)
28:7 (7) OJ 1QIsaa6)] OJ, m
28:7 (8) ':lJ'l 1QIsaa] ~':lJ'l m
28:7 (8-9) i1'?'?eJ lpel ~i::1 1QIsaam] TOW' ian epaalJ.a 6)
28:8 (9) C'PC-':l 1QIsaam] cf 6)
28:8 (9) iI'P 1QIsaa] ~'P m
28:9 (10) 1'::1' '" iii" 1QIsaam] aVT]'Y'YELAaIJ.EV... aVT]'Y'YElAaIJ.EV 6)
28:9 (10) iI,U' 1QIsaam] KaKel (= iI,Ui) 6)
28:10 (11) "':J.? ,~bis 1QIsaa] ,~ ,~bis m; eA111SLv (= i~) ElTl eA111nv lTpoo8E-xov 6)
28:10 (11) 1p? lpbis 1QIsaam I EAlTLBa (= ..Jillp) ElT' EAlTLSl 6)
28:11 (12) i::1" 1QIsaam] AaATJaOOOl 6)
28:12 (13) ,n'Jii 1QIsaam] > 6)
28:12 (13) ~''u'? 1QIsaa] ~1''u? m; T4i lTELVWVTl e
28:12 (13) iI,UJiCiI 1QIsaam] TO aiIvTpllJ.lJ.a (= iI,UiJCiI?) G)
28:12 (14) '::1~ 1QIsaammss~] ~,~ m
28:12 (14) ,U'crD? 1QIsaa] 'u'1OO m, aK01JElV e
28:13 (14) iI1iT' 1QIsaam] + TOU emu ~
28:13 (14) ,~? ,~bis 1QIsaa] ,~ ,~bis m. eALljJls ElT!. eALljJLV e (cf v 10)
28:13 (14-15) 1p? 'pbis 1QIsaam] EAlTle; ElT' EAlTLBl ~ (cf v 10)
28:14 (17) ,UC~ 1QIsaa] ,,UC~ 4QIsacm6)([SO
28:14 (17) p~ 1QIsaam] TEeAllJ.lJ.EVOl (= ..Ji'~ cf vv 10, 13) e
28:15 (18) ~'~ 1QIsaam L ] ~,~ mq (BHS n 15 b errs)
28:15 (19) i'::1' ':l 1QIsaa] ;::J.\l';' 1QIsabm L ; i:l.\l' ':l mq
28:15 (19) 'JOOC 1QIsaa] 1)OOC nt; n)v EAlTLBa f}IJ.WV G)
28:16 (20) iI1i1;J'iM 1Q Isaa] iI1i1' 'Ji~ m; KUpLOc; e
28:16 (20) ,o'c l Qlsa" a'a'e'(6EIJ.EAlWV)] '0" 1QIsab; 'lil: m-, EIJ.~aAW de; Tel eEIJ.E>.ta G)
28:16 (20) j::J~ 2 1QIsaam] > G)
0
28:16 (21) ,0,C 2 1QIsasm L 0

] > mmss6)
28:16 (21) ttrn' 1QIsasm] KaTUlaxwOjJ G)
28:17 (21) 'P? 1QIsaam] Etc; EAlTLBa G) (cf vv 10, 13)
28:17 (22) ,,::1 iI.u" 1QIsaam] > e
28:17 (22) i10ncc 1QIsaa] ilonc m
28:17 (22) ,~; 1QIsas '~' 1QIsabm
]
28:18 (23) iel:l' 1QIsa'lQIsabm] 1J.f} Kal aepEAlJ UIJ.WV ~

28:18 (23) ~ 1 1QIsaa] > 1QIsabm
0
28:19 (25) m'?::1i 1QIsaa] + ii'iii 1QIsabmG)(EaTal)

28:20 (26) C"il1iZ)C 1QIsaa~(ou BwcilJ.Eea IJ.cixmeal [..Ji1itD?)])] 'uin~ilC m
28:20 (26-27) ODnil:::l iI:lO:lOCil1 1QIsaa ] OJ:lnil:l ili~ iI:lOOi1 m; ntrrol BE aa6EvOuIJ.EV TOU f}lJ.ue; awax6fival 6)
28:21 (27) pW:::l ... iil:::l lQIsaa] POI1:l ... iil:l m; W(JlTEP opoc: ... EV Tij epapanl ~ (see previous)
28:21 (27) iniT' 1QIsa3 m ] Kat ~aTaL (= rrrn) G)

28:22 (29) il~1 1Q Isa3G)(Kat U(J.ELt;)] iln.l11 m
28:22 (29) ~'n'i010 1QIsa3 ] ~'i010 m
28:22 (30) mil' 1Q Isa 3m mssG)5] rrrr 'J"iM m
28:24 (231) .l11ir, 1QIsaam L(.l1"1r,)] Ti CJ1T6pov (=.l1)r) G)
28:24 (I) rTnEl1 1QIsa3 ] rTnEl' m, TTpo<JETOLIJ.UaH G)
28:25 (2) pin 10':" 1Q Isa 3
] pit' 1e.;,1 m L
28:25 (2) 100J ... iliW 1QIsa 3m]
> G)5
28:26 (3) Ui"{1} 'il1?~ t:lOOO? "'iO'1 1QIsa3 ] (= "'ili') ,Ji" 1'il~ t:l£)rDO? 1iO" m, KaL TTaL&u6ftaii
KplIJ.aTL OE"ou cou Kat ElJeppav6f]cru (= "'pi) G)
28:27 (3) rDi' 1QIsa 3 ] rD1" 4QIsak ; rDi1' m
28:27 (4) :::l10' 1QIsa3 ] :::l01' m
28:27-28 (4) p," 28 1QIsa 3 ] p'" )cn?iz8 4QIsak ; P'1' CrT?28 m a'([5; (27)IJ.ETel dprou (3pw6f]aETaL 28 G);
panis autem 0
28:28 (4) rD'il I QIsaa] rD1'M m
28:28 (5) Up'" 1QIsa3 ] up'J'm L
28:29 (5) ilMlr' 1QIsa3 m ] M~[' 4QIsak
28:29 (6) i1'?E1011QIsaa (cfM7~) Deut 28:59; il?£lil Ps 17:7)] ?'Eli, 4QIsak ; ~'?EJil ma'a' 0; Tel TEpaTa G);
TO 6aUIJ.ciaLOV 6'
28:29 (6) ~.l1 1QIsa 3 m ] (3oUM:OOaa6E G)
28:29 (6) iT'rDm ""J.'1 1QIsa3 ] -n 'J" m. iJl/sWaaTE uarutcv TTapUKATJaLV (= ~'rD) G)
Isaiah 29
29:1 (7) ~1i~ ?M1iM 1QIsaa] ~'i~ ?~'i~ m, TT6ALt; APLTJA G)
29:1 (7) '00 lQIsa3 4 Q I s ak(';EJ1O)] 1EJO m; "~O' 50; avvayo:yETE (= "~O~) YEtnllJ.aTa G)
29:1 (7) 1EJpJ' C'JrT 1QIsa3 m ] ep<1ym6E yelp aw Moaf3 G)
29:2 (8) ~1i~;' ?M1i~? 1QIsa 3
] ?~'iM;' ... ?M'i~? m; APLTJA ... G)
29:2 (8) iln"in iln"in 1QIsa 3
] 1... il'il!i1 4QIsak ; iln~~n ... iln~~ m L
29:2 (8) iT'~1 il'JMn 1QIsa3 1 QIsab(]fr~n)m] airrftt; TJ taxi!< Kat TO TTAOUTO£; G)
29:3 (8) i";' 1QIsa3 m ] ;1';' 4QIsakm mssG)(Wc; AauL8)
29:3 (9) m,,:l'O lQIsa3 ] ni:l'O m, TTlJPYou£; G) (cf v 7)
29:5 (II) T,t 1QIsa3G)(Twv aaE(3Wv)] Tit m
29:5 (II) C'lr'i.l1 110il 1QIsa 3 1QIsab()b i'lO.,)m] > G)
29:7 (13) ~1iM 1QIsa3 ] ~'i~ me
29:7 (13) iT'~ 1QIsaam] ol aTpaTEUaUIJ.EvOL ETTt IEpouaaATJIJ. G)
29:7 (14) ilni:l'O' lQIsa 3 ] iln1~1 m; Kat TTUVTES ol aUVTJ'YIJ.EVOL ETT' airnlv G) (cf v 3)
29:7 (14) C'P'~o." 1QIsa 3
] C'P'~Oil1 m
29:8 (IS) 1'rDEJJ I Q Isa 3
] ,rDEJJ m
29:8 (IS) ~'.l1 nrn 1QIsa3 m ] > mmss; ETL 8ujJq. G)
29:9 (17) 1.l1W1 '.l1~.l1rDnil 1QIsa 3 ] 1.l1\D1 1.l1rDDnrDil m, > G)
29:9 (17) Pi;,rv 1QIsa 3
] ree m
29:9 (17) 1"0 1 QIsaa~(vid)] l" m

29:9 (17) 11.11J 1QIsaam(lI1J)] > 6)
29:9 (17) ~, 1QIsaa corr] i;:)rD ~?, m~(vid)
29:11 (19) il'iln, 1QIsaa] 'iln, m
29:11 (20) ioo 1QIsaa-m q] "1E)Q' 1QIsaa corrmL
29:11 (20) iO~'" 1QIsaa] i~' m
29:12 (20) um, 1QIsaa] lnJ' m
29:12 (21) ?~ 1QIsaa6)] ?.11 m
29:12 (21) irD~ 1QIsaam] xnpal; civ6pWlTOU 6)
29:12 (21) .I11,' 1QIsaa] .111: m L (orth or var?)
29:12 (21) iO~'" 1QIsaa] iO~' m
29:13 (23) p,ni 1QIsaa] POi m L
29:13 (23) rrnm 1QIsaa] 'ilrn m, ~aTI1V 8E (= 'iln,·, cf Matt 15:9) e
29:13 (23) Mi' 1QIsa3 ] OMi'm
29:13 (23) n,~o;:) 1QIsaa] n,~o m; EVTa~aTQ 6)
29:14 (23) ';:)U~ ill' 1QIsaa] 'JJil m
29:14 (24) il?el' mel.' .., il?elm 1QIsaa] ~?el' ~?elil ... ~'?elm m; TOU ~ETaeE'iVQl (= "?elJ?) ... Kat
~ETa611aw alJTOlx; 6)
29:14 (24) rnJ':l1 1QIsaa] ~':J' m L6)(vid)

29:15 (25) 'il" 1Q Isaa] rrrn m
29:15 (26) U.11,' 1QIsaam(',,')] + ii a li~E'i< lTOLOU~EV ~
29:16 (26) O;:)O;:)£lil 1QIsaa] O;:)~il m, > 6)
29:16 (26) on;:) 1QIsaa] ion;:) me
29:16 (27) ion 1QIsaa] iO~ m
29:16 (27) "i~"? 1QIsaa] ri- m
29:17 (28) ?oi;:)il1 ?oi;:)? 1QIsaam] We; TO oPOC TO XEWEA Kat TO Opal; (> TO Opal; 6)mss) TO XEp~EX. ~
29:18 (29) mel~O' 1QIsaa] ?el~O' m
29:19 (30) O';J.11 1QIsaa] O'1J.I1 m, lTTWXot 6)
29:19 (30) ?~ilZ1' rD1'P:J 1QIsaam a'a'6'] > 6)
29:21 (241) 'iln:J 1QIsaa] 1iln:J m, EV ci8tKOlC; 6)
29:22 (2) il'el 1QIsaam] ci<j>WpllJEV 6)
Isaiah 30
30:1 (6) 'Joo 1QIsaa] 'T.! m
30:3 (9) i!O;:)? 1QIsaa] ilo?:h m6)(ovEl80c;)
30:4 (9) rrn 1QIsaa] 1'il m
30:4 (9) ";:)~?O' 1QIsaam] d:YYEAOllTOVT]POt? 6) (cf v 5)
30:4-5 (9-10) 5 '.I1')' OJn 1QIsaam(".11JJ)] 5~aTT]v K01TLalJOUlJl (= ".11)' CJn) e
30:5 (10) ~:J m;:) 1QIsaa] ("~:J) rD'~:J,,?;:) m-, (VrD':J) rD':J,,?;:) m qmss; lTOVT]pa(? (= "~:J) 6) (cf v 4)
30:5 (10) ilif.11!;l 1Q Isaa] if.I1? m
30:5 (10) ?'.111n 1QIsaa] !;l'.11'il!;l m~(vid)
30:6 (12) ;r~ ili:l' 1QIsaa] ili:l' me (palaeog dbl: '\i?)

30:6 (12) 0'0 l'~' 1QIsaa] o.iO m, EKE10Ev 6}
30:6 (13) ~, 1QIsaa] ,~, me
30:6 (13) c?'n 1QIsaa] 0."'- m

30:6 (14) ''''.11'' 1QIsaam] + ain-ou< elc [3oiJSELav a.AAQ elc atoXUvr,v Kat OVEl8<x;" 6} (cf v 5)
30:7 (14) c,;::l.'i 1QIsaa ] Oil ::l.1i m (see NOTE + BHS n 7b-b); OTl ~aTata T] TrapaKATjOlt:; iJ~wv ailn] 6}
30:7-8 (IS) iTn.118 roro 1QIsaam] 8vl)v ow KaStoat:; 6}
30:8 (IS) ~':Jn';:) lQIsaa] ::J{'ln;:) 4QIsaca::SO; i'I~ m-, ypcltJiov 6}
30:8 (15) 0n1~ 1QIsaa] ~ m L
30:8 (IS) ilpn 1QIsaam] > 6}
30:8 (16) ,,tf, 1QIsaa] ,.p" m L6}(Kat Ew<;); ,.p.? mmss a' o'8'(ELt:; ~apTvpLOv)a::SO
30:9 (16) moo" 1QIsaa] .11,oro m
30:10 (17) n,n;:)J 1QIsaam] > 6}
30:10 (18) mp"n 1QIsaam] > 6}
30:10 (18) m"nc 1QIsaa] m"mo m. ETEpaV TrMVTJOlV 6}
30:11 (18) 'i'on lQIsaa (contra 'i'on in Burl)] 'i1O 4QIsacmo'o; Kat a.TrOOTpEtJiaTE T]~at:; 6}
30:12 (20) ro"p 1QIsaa1QIsab4QIsacm] pr KUPlOt:; 6}
30:12 (21) n".11n1 lQIsaa] n"J' m; Kat on Ey6Y'Yuoae: (= "11,,11) 6}
30:14 (23) ,,,'on' lQIsaa] ~"' m; > 6}
30:14 (23) ~pon", 1QIsaa] =,rom, m, UTrOOVpElt:; 6)
30:15 (25) i11ii"mM 1QIsaam] KUPlOt:; 6)
30:15 (25) il:J'ro:J 1QIsaa4QIsaC(ilP;tZ1:J)] il:J,ro:J m; Ihav UTrooTpa<j>Ek 6}
30:15 (25) rnn lQIsaam] OTEVae1Je: (= "nJ~?) 6}
30:15 (25) l'W7'ln 1Q Isaam] + Kat 'YVWau TroD ~oSa 6}
30:15 (25) ilnt:l:J:J, ~roil:J 1QIsaam] OTE ETrETroLeELt:; ETrt TOlt:; uarctoic (= "iPlD?) e
30:16 (26-27) ';lM, ... ~ 1QIsaa] ".11, ... ".11 me
30:17 (27) 'Joo, 1QIsaa] m.11J 'EO m, Kat Bta <PwvTjv 6}
30:17 (28) iil 1QIsaa6)] iilil m
30:18 (29) C;:)nm CJ:)JlJ" mL
1QIsaa]
30:18 (29) C'i' 1QIsaa] C'i' m, iJtJiw6lloETUl 6}
30:18 (29) i11il' 2' 1QIsaam] + Kat rrof) KaTaAEltJiETE nlV B6~av iJ~wv ~
30:19 (30) CD 1QIsaam] + QyLOt:; 6}
30:19 (30) C':llD'i':J' 1Q Isaa] ":J m, Kat I EpovoaATj~ 6}
30:19 (30-31) ,;:):In ~,,, 1QIsaa] il;:):Jn~" m, EKAaVOEV 6)
30:19 (31) 1J'", 1QIsaa] '9r,T~ m L
30:19 (31) rrrr lQIsaa] > me
30:19 (31) 'In.I11ClD;:) 1QIsaa] 'rw~;:) m L
30:20 (251) '0' 1QIsaa] c'o, m
30:20 (I) 'ElD' 1QIsaa] ~D' m; EY'Ytowat OOl 6}
30:20 (1-2) 1'i1C ... l'~i'O 1QIsaam(l'i,obiS)] oi. TrAaVWVTEt:; OE ... TOUe: TrAaVWVTClc: OE (= ViliO?) 6)
30:21 (2) ''irmo 1QIsaam] TWV 6lTLCJW CJE lTAaVT)CJclVTWV ~

30:21 (3) 'U'~'n 1QIsaa] 'U'O~ m (err)
30:22 (3) en'co, 1QIsaa (err)] cnMOO' mtiBS·(Kat IlLavE'k)LaO; Kat UapElc; ~
30:22 (4) rrcec n,"'T'I!l~ 1QIsaa] ~ m~ m L
30:22 (4) m 1QIsaam] We: tJBwp (= 'o~·) e
30:22 (4) ~ 1QIsaa] ~~ m L ; We; K6lTpov (= (i1)~~.) e
30:23 (6) rrrr 1Q Isaa~] rrrn m
30:23 (6) iT.11,{i} 1QIsaa] iT.l11' me (see NOTE)
30:24 (7) iT1r 1QIsaa 1 rrn m

30:24 (7-8) iT1ro:J, rrrc 1QIsaam] > e
30:25 (8) C'J~ 1QIsaam 1 > e
30:25 (9) ''?:J,' 1QIsaa] '~=!l' m L
30:26 (10-11) C'O'iT n.11:JtD ,~~ 1QIsa'1QIsab(C'O~iT im (dbl)] > e
30:27 (12) pmoo ~:J 1QIsaam 1
8UI xp6vou EPXETallTOAAOU e
30:27 (12) iT~tDO ,;:0'
1QIsaa~(llha ~T)e; TO AOYLOV)] iT~O '+'1 m-, Kal [3apoc UlTEVEYKElV CJ'; Kal
[3apu TO AT)lllla mrrou (= i!k~O '~1) 6'
30:27 (13) 'U1tz1'?, 1QIsaam 1 Kat it 6p'YTt TOU 6UIlOU e
30:28 (13) rrsm 1Q Isaa~(Kat 8LalpE6tlCJETal) ] i1~n' m
30:28 (13) i1Eln 1QIsaa] iTEl~''? m; TOU ... Tapcl~Ql (= "9'U) e, a</>0plCJQl (= "9'U) CJ'
30:28 (14) iT.11no 10" 1QIsaam 1 Kat 8l~ETQl (::: "9") airrooc lTAclVT)CJle; ti; et abiicietur error Jerome
30:29 (15) ltz1"pniT 1QIsaa] tD,pru, m; elc TO. clYlcl 1l0U ~
30:29 (16) i'~ 1QIsaam 1 TOV 6EOV e
30:30 (16) .I7'OOiT .I7'OOiT 1QIsaa] .I7'oom me
30:32 (19) "010 1QIsaa 1 iT'O'O m, iT1C1O mmss(cf 5)
30:32 (20) iT:J 1QIsaamLti(vid) 1 C:J mq~o
30:33 (20) nnEln 1QIsaa 1 iT~ m-, UlTaTTj6tlC1TJ (=i1~l;1)~; UlTQlTTj6f)C1T) ~mss
30:33 (20) rrn 1QIsaa (= mq?) 1 ~'i1 m L ; ~'iT mq
30:33 (20) 'J'~iT p" 1QIsaa] P'iT me
30:33 (21) ':m'iT 'P'O.11i11 1QIsaa] :JniiT P'O.11iT m; <f>cipayya f3a6Elav e
Isaiah 31
31:1 (23) C"~O'? 1QIsaa 1 C"~O m
31:1 (24) ;:O,iT 1QIsaa 1 :0, m~(vid)
31:1 (24) '?~ 1QIsaa] '?.11 me
31:1 (25) rrrr 1QIsaam] TOV 6EOV e
31:3 (27) fh/ni, 1QIsaacorr 1 iT"~ 1QIsaa. (see v 4); rm m, [3Ol'J6Ela e (see NOTE)
31:3 (28) ,r.11 '?m, 1QIsaam] > e

31:3 (28) rm- 1QIsaa] ' 1n'' me
31 :4 (29) ,'El'O 1QIsaa 1 ,El'O me
31:4 (30) C'.11', ,~'?o 1QIsaa 1 C'.l11 k'?o mL ; Ewe; av E-lllTAT)CJ6f.j TU OPT) e
31:4 (30) ~(1)'? ... ~(')'? 1QIsaam] > e
31:5 (261) C'i'!:l~~ 1QIsa3] C'~~~ m L

31:5 (I) )1JJ ... p' 1QIsa3ma'0"0'] VrrEpaO'1TlEL 6)
31:5 (I) m~~ 1QIsa3m~Smss] > 6)
31:5 (2) ran 1QIsa36)] nOEl m
31:5 (2) O'i;l!:lil' 1Q Isa 3] o'?om m, Kat O'wan 6)
31:6 (2) "::J'lD 1QIsa3] '::J'lD m6)(ETTLO'Tpci</>TlTE)
31:6 (2) 1!D~? i~? 1QIsa3 (ditt)] ilD~? m, ol 6)
31:6 (3) ~ilD' 'J:1 1QIsa3m (add)] > 6)
31:7 (5) ~ 1QIsa3 corrm (add)] > 6)
31:8 (6) 1Ji;l,~ 1QIsa3] 'lJ?~M m L
31:8 (6) ~,?, 1QIsa3] ,i;l m, oUK e
31:9 (7) i'::W' i'JOO 1Q Isa- m] lTEPlATJIl</>61lO'oVTaL We: XapaKl (= i'~O) e
31:9 (7) "1!D O,JO 1QIsa3] "ilD 01,) m L; '0 BE
</>Evywv ClAWaETat ("ilD OD?) 6)
31:9 (8) iun, ... i'~ ilD~ 1QIsa 3m] llaKaplOl; 8< ... O'lTEPlla (.IMr 'ilD~?) ... Kat OtKElOUc; 6)
Isaiah 32
32:1 (9) nn 1QIsa3] jil m
32:1 (9) C'ilD?' ... P'~ 1QIsa3m] 8lKalOl; ... Kat dPXOVTEC; (\)
32:2 (10) ilJnO~ 1QIsa3] ~::J- me
32:2 (10) CiT t:f1no, 1QIsa36)(vid)] CiT inO m
32:2 (10) j"~::l 1QIsa3] ji'~::J mLa'a'; EV hLWV 6)0'
32:2 (10) ?~::J 1QIsa3] '~~ m, <k lTOTaIl0c; (= (i1)?~~? cf 44:27) 6)
32:3 (II) ilJ.l1Wn 1QIsa 3] ilJ'.w;n (= .JJ)J)lD) m; EO'OVTat lTETT0l6oTEC; (= 'V1J)rD) 6)
32:5 (13-14) iO~" ... '~iP' 1QIsa36)(EllTW<Jl(V)biS)] iQ~:, ... ~1R' mL

32:5 (13) '?'~?' 1Q Isa"m] ol lnTlU>ETal cou e
32:5 (14) J)1!/] 1QIsa3m] O'lya (=.Ji1'1lD) 6)
32:6 (14) ':JCznn 1QIsa36)(v011aEL)] illDJ)' m

32:6 (15) p'im 1QIsaam] TOV 8laalTELpal (= ""pm?) 6)
32:7 (16) ~,m 1QIsa 3] 'il m

32:7 (16) C"J.11 1QIsa 3mQ
] C"J.I1 m L
32:7 (17) C'J1'::l~ 1 QIsa3~] j1'~ m
32:10 (20) mnt!l'::J.' 1QIsa3] '~::l m
32:10 (21) ?::l 1QIsa3] '?::J m
32:11 (21) m~lD 1QIsaam] > 6)
32:11 (21) 'i.11' 1Q Isa3] ili.11' m; YUllvat YEVWOE 6)
32:11 (21-22) ilJ'!:lO' miJn 1QIsaa] rrnm m; lTEpl(ooaa6E O'clKKouc; 6)
32:11 (22) c'~m 1QIsa3 6 ) ] '?n m
32:12 (22) C"!:l(,)O 1QIsa3 m ] KOlTTWOE (cf ilnoo, v 11) 6)50
32:12 (22) mCl1 1QIsa3] 'on m
32:13 (23) i'OlD' 1QIsa 36)(vid)
] 'OlD m
32:13 (23) " 1QIsaamL ] > mms; Kat ~

32:13 (24) rowo 1QIsaam] + apO{JuETal e
32:14 (25) C'i'.1h 1QIsaa] ',.11 m
32:15 (26) ~i" 1QIsaam L ] '"" mq
32:17 (28) c,!;lro? 1QIsaa] '!;lro m; ElpfJVTJ e
32:17 (28) m(1)::ul' 1QIsaam] Kat KpaTi]UEl e
32:18 (29) '0.11 1QIsaam] 6 >..0.0< aUT-ov e
32:19 (30) ":11 1QIsaam] 'i" mms; li BE xa>..o.(a e
32:19 (30) i.11'il 2' 1QIsaa] i'.!1i1 m, > e
32:20 (31) 'n!;lroo, 1QIsaa] 'roo m
Isaiah 33
33:1 (32) ,:J 1QIsaam L ] 1:J mmss
33:1 (32) l:::lOn" ("J,:::lO) 1QIsaa I lonil' (= "con) mU'(OTav UWTEAECTTlC;); aAWUOVTal e
33:1 (271) In,,,, 1QIsaa ("m,)] In?J' m (,,?); OTaV KomaUTJc; (= lm~?J:) U'5~; Kat We; oiJc;
(= n.Ihn,? see next) e
33:1 (1) '(1)D? 1QIsaam] Errt luartou (= ,~'?) e
33:1 (1) "'D' 1QIsaa] "P' m L
33:2 (2) rrrn 1QIsaa] rm m; EYEvi]6rJ e
33:2 (2) C.l1ir 1QIsaam] TO urrEp~a (= .11'JO TWV arrElSoUVTWV e, 1Wir· 5~O
33:2 (3) 1Jn.l1ro,iT 1Q Isaa] ,In.11,ro' m
33:3 (3) ",J 110iT 1QIsaam ] ToD 4>613ou cou E~ECTT11uav e
33:3 (3) lnoc,o 1QIsaa] lnr.:y.mo mL ; l'nooic mmss; arro ToD 4>6l3ou oou e
33:4 (4) proc 1QIsaa] prDlD m. OV Tp6rrov Eav ric auvayaYQ (= "rD1p IrorDP?) e
33:5 (4) :JJroJ 1QIsaam] QYLOc; e
33:6 (5) rrrr 1Q Isaa] iT'iT1 m
33:6 (6) n,.11'ro', 1QIsaa] n.11'ro- m; li CTwTTJP(a li~wv ~
33:6 (6) t"'lDn lQIsaa4QIsa C(tioS(n)m L ] iilDrl mmss
33:7 (7) c, ~i~ 1QIsaa] C7~i~ m-, C'?~i~ mmss cf~
33:7 (7) li":J' 1Q !saa] 1":;);)' m
33:8 (8) 0".11 1QIsaa] C'i.11 m
33:9 (9) yi'"1 1Q !saa~( vid)] yil' m
33:9 (9) i'Eln 1QIsaa] i'ElniT m
33:9 (9) i.tl'U 1QIsa"] i.tlJ' m, <j>avEpQ fCTTal (= .tI11J?) e
33:10 (1t) iC~ 1QIsaa] ~, m
33:10 (It) ~roJiT ... l:lO'in~ 1 Ol sa- 1 ~roJ~ ... l:lO'i~ m, Bo~aulhiCTO~aL ... uljJwEhiuo~al e
33:11 (12) iTroron 1QIsaa] roron m
33:12 (12) rrr 1QIsaa 1 rrn m
33:12 (13) ,'ro lQIsaam] EV ayP4i ~
33:13 (14) ,.111' 1QIsaa~] ,.lit, m
33:14 (15) i'J,bis 1QIsaam] avaYYEAEl bis (= "J') e
33:15 (16) i::l'" 1Q Isaa] i:l" m, AaAWV G)

33:15 (16) '1El~ 1QIsaa] "~ m
33:15 (17) "rt27:l 1QIsaa] '~:l m L
33:15 (17) "Jj~ 1QIsaa] 'J~ m
33:15 (17) ~.l1' 1QIsaa] 1:l:W, m
33:17 (19) 1,'mn 1QIsaa] nnrm m
33:1&-19 (21) I:l.U ~191:l"'JOi1 n~ 1QIsaam] Toue aooTpE<PollEvoue (= 1:l'71~iJ) IlLKpOV Ka\.Il Eyav Aa6v 19 G)
33:19 (21) ~i'n 1QIsaa] ~in m (see NOTE)
33:19 (21) ~OOO 1QIsaa] .I1lOfDO m, WaTE 1111 O:KOOOaL G)

33:20 (22) U',.I1'O 1QIsaammssa'a'6'5] U'.I1lO m L; TO aWnlPLOV llllWV G)
33:20 (23) mi,n' 1QIsaa] "nin' m; ol lTClaaaAOL Tfje aKTlvfie airrfje G)
33:21 (25) rrrru 1QIsaa] I:l'im m
33:21 (25) :l,n 1QIsaa (err)] 1,n me
33:21-22 (26) i'~ 'l" 1QIsaam] 226 yap 6E6e 1l0U IlEyae e-aTl.V d) (cf v 21a)
33:22 (26-27) ~'i1' ... m",bis 1QIsaa 4QIsaC(~~~1.,l~ n] ~'il ... i11il,bis me
33:23 (27) '~ 1QIsaa] p m, > d)
33:23 (28) OJ rDiEl ,:l 1QIsaa] OJ ,rDiEl ,:l m; ou xaMan TCllaTl.a OUK O:pEi <TTJIlELOV G) (dbl)
33:23 (28) i1:l'iO 1QIsaa u'(arro TTATl6oue)a'([aKuAwv] TTOAAwV)] il:i!lO mLd)(TTOAAO\.)
Isaiah 34
34:2 (282) n':JO' 1:lJnJ1 1QIsaa] n:xl' I:lJnJ m L
34:3 (3) 1:l'-"'il1QIsaa] I:l'iil m
34:4 (3-4) "'l£l' l:l'OrDil M::ll' ,,~, ,.I1P:Jn' I:l'pom, 1QIsaa] C'OrDil~:Jl"~ 'pr.m m, > d)
34:4 (4-) (n?::Jj:l1 m)n?:l'ID' ... (':Jp m)?:l':O ?,:l' 1QIsaam] TTEaElTaL ... Ka\. We; TItTITH G)('1?DJ)
34:4 (4) lD'JO 1QIsaa] 1~~ m L
34:4 (4--5) ilJM 10 1QIsaa] ilJMO m
34:5 (5) ~ir1 1QIsaa] ilnn m L d)(EIlE8va6Tt) (cf v 7)
34:6 (6) m'M'~ 1QIsaa] m'7~ m L
34:9-10 (9-11) nElr? ill'i~ iln"i11 1Q I sa" ] ili.l1:l nElf? ill'i~ rrrrn m ill'i~ rrrm G)"
co,', il?'? ilil1:l'1O il~t:1 M'? CO," m',?IO CO," il'" ilil1:l nElr?
I:l,,»'? il:l~n tll''?, I:l"»'? il~n ~,?, 10
i"'? i"O ilJrDl1 il'?17; ilJrD17 il'?17' 1:l'?'17'? ilJrD17 il'?.I1'
l:l'nl'J n:l'J? zrnrn :linn i'i'? i"O :linn i"'? i"O
tll.,:l i:l'.I1 1'~' il:l i:Jl7 l'tll l:l'nl'J nl'J'? il:l i:Jl7 1'~ c'n~J n~J'?'
Ka\. faTal ainiie T] yfJ KaLOIlEVTt We; rrioon (l°lvuKTOc Ka\.TjIlEpac; IOKa\. OU a13EaeftaETaL Ek TOV
alwva Xp6vov, Kat o:val3i)anaL 6 xnrrvoc airrfjc dvw· el.c yEVECk e-pTlflw8i)anaL Kat de
xp6vov TTOAUv e-pTlflwthlanaL G)
34:11 (I I) U~rD' 1QIsaa] ~' m L
34:12 (12) il'im 1QIsaa] 'in m
34:12 (12) ~~ 1QIsaa] OEltll m
34:14 (14) C'~"tll 1QIsaa] C"~ m
34:14 (14-15) ilOif? '~:l'0' m'?''? '.I1')i' 1QIsaa \6(vid)] il'? iltll~' n'",? il.l1')iil m
IQIsaa TEXTUAL VARIANTS ISS
34:15 (15) ,El'P 1QIsaa] r'Elp m

34:15 (15) 1M 2· 1QIsaa] > m
34:15 (16) rrm 1QIsaa] ni', mL
34:16 (17) w", 1QIsaa] W"l' mL
34:16 (17) mM' 1QIsaa] ilno mM m, Katlll.a ain-wv e
34:16 (17) M'il 'il'El M';' 1QIsaa] M'il'El';' "pEl MC, m; OVK E(irr'loav BTl KVplOC e
34:16 (18) ~:1p ilM'il rnrn 1QIsaa] 1~:1p M'il ,m" m
34:17 (18) miilc, npc'n "", 1QIsaa 1 c.,c, ilnpe,n "" m; Kat'; XElp ain-oD 8lEIlfPlOE (36oKEa6aL (= enc,?) e
34:17 (18-19a) 0C,"11 1QIsaa"] + il:J ~, "" ",c, ("" m)il1U1' + 35:1-2 1QIsaacorrm~
Isaiah 35
35:2 (l9a) pDC, 1QIsaacorr] > 35:1-2 1QIsaa·; 'C,il m
35:4 (21) M':J' 1· 1QIsaa ~(aVTa1T081.8wO"l)] M':::l'm
35:4 (21) M':J' 2· 1QIsaa] ~':::l' m ~(1\~El)
35:6 (23) ~c" 1QIsaa] > m e
35:7 (24) p' 1QIsaa] ii~::li m
35:8 (24) rzmpil 1'" c,c"OO ilOO ilOrD il'il' 1QIsaa] rD'Pil 1'" 1'" c"C,oc OrD rrrn m; EKEl lOTaL oBOe;
Ka8apa Kat OBoe; ciyl.a ~
35:8 (24) 'M'P' 1QIsaa] M'P' m

35:8 (24) ilJ":J'D' 1QIsaa] ,J,:;u1' mL
35:8 (25) 'Oc" ilM'" 1QIsaa] 1OC, M'il' m, cf e
35:9 (25-26) ~O' M'''' ilJ"ll' *,,, "::1 1QIsaa] ~olti *" ilJ'?ll' "::1 4QIsab m
35:10 (26) ,::l,rD' 1QIsaa] l'::lrD' m
35:10 (26) ii~'i::llQIsaa] ilJi::l mL
35:10 (27) OJ, ;;:m'rD' 1Q Isaa] 'OJ, ,J'rD' m
Isaiah 36
36:1 (28) rrpm 1QIsa"] '1i1'- 4QIsab m (sic passim)
36:1 (29) cro,Eln', 1Q Isaa] cro~', m L
36:2 (29) 'rDM 1QIsaa] "~M 4QIsab m (err in 1QIsaa, but cf'rD~ at 47:13, XL 3)
36:2 (29) ilprD :J, 1QIsaa m] ilprD:J' 4QIsab e

36:2 (29) O,e,q"" 1QIsaa] il9,7rD'" mL
36:2 (30) il"MO 1QIsaa] > m e
36:3 (291) il'pC,n 1Q Isaa] 'il'- m
36:3 (I) ~:J'rD' 1QIsaa ~(Kat ~ollvae;)] MD~ mL (sic passim)
36:4 (2) "'OM 1QIsaa] "7;)1:' m L
36:4 (3) ;;;;,;; i~6 il'prn 1Q Isa'' 1 rrpm m e
36:4 (4) ,::l ilnnt:l:J ilnM 1QIsaa] mt:l:J m
36:5 (4) ilniCM 1QIsaa] 'niOM m(err); > e
36:7 (8) "CM1n 1QIsaa ~] iCM m
36:7 (8) c,J) 1QIsaa ~] C,M m
36:7 (8-10) (> '';:J m)c';~i'i';:J ;1nnro~,!;lil 1QIsa3 m (add)] > ID

36:8 (10) ttJ'O'.l1m 1QIsa3] ttJ :l'Wnil m L
36:9 (12) il:l'~1 1QIsa3] "~1 m
36:9 (12) ',:wo 1 QIsa3] '::J.l1 m
36:9 (13) C:l!;l 1QIsa3] ,!;l m
36:10 (14-15) ('rom mmn'rwm---"",' 1QIsa3 m (add?)] > ID (hom?)
36:11 (15) 1'~ 1'i~1" 1QIsa3] '~'1 m, Kat EtlTE npoc airrov ID
36:11 (15) ttJ'::J, n~1" 1Q I sa- ID] ~J ,::J, ilpro ::J, !;l~ n~1'1 m
36:11 (15) C.l1 1QIsa3] !;l~ m ID
36:11 (16) 1JO.l1 1QIsa3 m g ] > m ID
36:11 (16) m~",! O',::J1il ~ 1QIsa3] n'''il' u'!;l~ m ID
36:11 (17) 0'::JrD1'il c'roJ~' 1QIsa3] ,ro~ om m, TWV av6pWlTwv TWV ID
36:12 (17-18) ilO:l'J1~ !;l.l11 ilO:l'!;l~, 1QIsa3] l'!;lM' TJ'~ !;l~1 m, ~Tj lTPOC TOV KUpLOV u~wv T1uPOC iJ~ac::;; ID
36:12 (19) i'To."~ 1QIsa3 mL(Ci:;t'~llJ) lD(vid)] COMil'mq(euph?)
36:12 (19) (iT)o.1'J'ro 1QIsa3 mL lD(vid)] Cil'!;lJ' '0'0 mq(euph)
36:13 (20) ilplZli1 ::J, 1Q Isa3] ilpro::J' m
36:14 (21) ,,~ ,!;lo
1QIsa3] ,!;lo., m ID (see v 16)
36:14 (22) il'PIM' 1QIsa3] 1il'PIM m (sic passim)
36:15 (22) il'pnn lQIsa3] 'il'pm mL (sic passim)
36:15 (23) ~,~ lQIsa3 ()] ~ m
36:16 (24) ,,~ ,!;lo 1QIsa3] '1~ ,!;lOil m (see v 14)
36:16 (25) 1!;l1:l~1 1 QIsa3] 1!;l~~1 mL
36:16 (25) 1nJn ~ ro'~1 ,J!jJ ~ 1QIsa3] m~n ro'~1 'J!jJ m
36:17 (26) ~ 2' 1QIsa3] > m
36:19 (29) 0';'00 1QIsa3 1D(~ElT</>aPL~)] C'J'ElO m ()O'(-pouaL~) (see 37:13)
36:19 (29) 1!;l'~iTil M':l1 lQIsa3 1D(~Tj E-BUVaVTO puaaa6aL)] 'l'iJ ':l1 m(see 37:12)
36:21 (301) 1rD',nil1 1QIsa3] 'n', m
36:22 (3) il'pi;ln 1 Q Isa3] 1i'T'- m
Isaiah 37
37:1 (4) ,i;loiT rrpm 1QIsa3] 'il'pm ,i;loil m e
31:2 (6) ttJ::J,ro 1QIsa3 ID] MJ::Jtp, mL (sic passim)
37:2 (6) il'.l1rD' 1QIsa3 ()] rr- m (sic passim)
37:3 (7) il'PIM' 1QIsa3] 1il'prn m (sic passim)
37:4 (10) (?C')~~OJil1QIsa3.] 1QIsa3corr (add); ilM~OJiT m (see NOTE)
+ nM1m "D::J (?O'-)
37:5-7 (lO-llb) 1l"M::J-1M(1)::J" 1QIsa3 corr m ID (add)] > 1Q Isa 3•
37:6 (113) ill~m 1QIsa3 1 C.,'!;lM m
37:6 (113) 1'OMm 1 QIsa3] l"oMn m
37:7 (lib) M'::J rm 1QIsa3] m, 1::J mID
37:7 (l1b) 1l"M!;l 1QIsa3] 1~M ~ m
37:9 (13) ~1"1QIsaa] ?.I1m

37:9 (13) ::l'ID" 1QIsaa e ] >m
37:10 (14) 'ir.l'1n 1QIsaa] PiOM m
37:10 (14) il:l"ID' 1QIsaa] 1~' m L
37:11 (15) nM 1QIsaa] > m
37:13 (18) l'iO'ID' il1.I1, .I1J, C"iElO' 1QIsaa] il1.I1, .I1JilC~liElO m L ~(LElT</>aPl!J. ... ) (see 36:19)
37:14 (19) eMiP" 1QIsaa] 'ilMiP" m
37:14 (19) ilID'iEl" 1QIsaa] 'ilIDiEl" m
37:18 (24) m~iMil 1QIsaa] + C~M nM' m e
37:19 (24) un', 1QIsaa] lrli1 m L
37:20 (25) lJ.I1'ID'M 1Q Isaa] 'lD'il m

37:20 (26) C'il1~ iTliT' lQIsaa] ;'1i1' tlt; 0 SEQ<: e
37:21 (28) 1'~ 1QIsaa] '?M me
37:21 (28) ::l'iniO lQIsaa] 'mo tlt ~(LEVV-) (see v 37)
37:22 (29) illD'Mi 1QIsaa] lDMi m
37:24 (311) i01iil 1QIsaa] iOMm m
37:24 (2) 1'?Oi:l 1QIsaa] ;?Oi:l m L
37:25 (3) 'nM'ip 1QIsaa] 'l'11P- mL
37:25 (3) C'if 1QIsaa] > m
37:26 (4) il'ni~ 1QIsaa] "1 m
37:26 (4) il'mM'::J,i 1QIsaa] il'l:1M~i m L
37:26 (4) m'MID? 1QIsaa] mMIDil? m
37:26 (5) C'i'~ 1QIsaa ~(6XUpoLC:;)] C'~J m
37:27 (5) ,l,D::l~" 1Q Isaa] 'iD::ll m
37:27 (6) iliDi pi' 1Q Isaa] MiDi pi" m
37:27 (6) C'iP 'JEl? ~ilDJil lQIsaa] ilOP 'JEl? ilOilD' m (err) ~(Kal We; uypwaTlC;)
37:28 (6) iT:lO,P 1QIsaa] > m e (see previous)
37:28-29 (7) 29 '?M il:lfJiil nM' 1QIsaa] '?M lfJinil l.I1,29 '?M lfJinil nM' m ~(vid)
37:29 (8) il:l'mMEliD::l 1 QIsaa] l]'nEllD::l 4QIsab m
37:29 (8) iln::l 1 QIsaa] nM::l m
37:30 (8) '?1:lM l Qfsa" a' a' e'] ?:l~[ 4QIsa b m(?':lM) e
37:30 (9) O'.I1ID 1 QIsaa] o'nlD m
37:30 (9) 'i'~P' 1 QIsaa] 'i~P' m L
37:30 (9) .I11t:lJ' 1 QIsaa] ,.I1[t:lJ, 4QIsab m e
37:30 (10) C'iEl '?':lM' lQIsaa mqO?:lM') ~(vid) ] ?1:lM[, 4QIsab ; C'iEl ?':lM' m L
37:31 (10) ilElOM' 1 QIsaa] iT]oo', 4QIsab m
37:31 (10) M~CJ,il lQIsaa] iTiMiDJ.' m ~(vid)
37:31 (10) ;'?.I10 lQIsaa] 'O? 4QIsab m
37:32 (tt) C'?iD'i'O ... \1'~ lQIsaa] P'~ iiTO] .. , C?lD1i'O 4Qlsab tlt ~ (see 2:3)
37:33 (12-13) ;,??'O MiT'?.I1 l'EliD' M'?' 1 Q Isaa] post pO m e
37:34 (14) C'~'J 1QIsaa ] ~ mL

37:36 (16) 1" 1QIsaa ] il::l" m
37:38 (18) '~"W'1 lQIsaa ] '~'rD' mL
37:38 (19) t!l"'il lQIsaa ] t!l"~ m
37:38 (19) "D p,n,CM lQIsaa ] U:J 1''10 ,~ mL
Isaiah 38
38:1 (20) il'pnn' 1QIsaa ] rrpm m (sic passim)
38:1 (20) il'.llrD' 1QIsaa ] rr- m(sic passim)
38:1 (21) ',~ lQIsaa ] ~ mL
38:2 (21) :J'O', 1QIsaa ] :JO" mL
38:3 (23) :J:J":J' 1Q I sa" ] :J":J, m
38:3 (23) toJ" 1QIsaa ] 1:J" m
38:5 (25) 'n~,' lQIsaa e ] ',m
38:6 (27) ',:::w "" 1.l10'" 'J.l1C" 1QIsaa ] > me
38:8 (28-29) rDcrDil M rrm n'''.l1 n,".l1C:J 1Q Isaa ] rDCrD:J frm n,?.l1C:J m
38:9 (321) "n1'''m:J 1QIsaa ] 1n?n:J mL
38:10 (2) 'C,' 1QIsaa ] 'c' m
38:10 (2) 'n"pEl 1QIsaa ] 'n1P-~ mL
38:10 (2) 'C, lQIsaa ] ,n' me
38:11 (3) il' lQIsaa ] il' rr m L ; mil' mmss; TO aWnlpwv TOU emu e (see 40:5; 52:10)
38:11 (3) C"rT 1QIsaa] 'nil m, > e
38:11 (3) ~,." 1QIsaa ] M" m
38:12 (4) il?~' 1QIsaa ~(vid) ] mIn 1QIsab m
38:12 (4) 'moo lQIsaa ] 'mElp m
38:13 (5) hab lQIsaa me ] > v 13 lQIsab
38:13 (5) 'n100 1QIsaa ] 'n'1rD m
38:13 (5) '1:JrD' 1QIsaa ] '~rD' mL
38:14 (6) 'Jlll lQIsaa ] 'i'J.l11QIsab m
38:14 (6) ilplZllll'mM lQIsaa ] ilprDn mil' lQIsab ; ilprDP 'J'~ m- (cf v 17)
38:14 (7) 'D,m lQIsaa ] ".l11QIsab m
18:15 (7) ~;" 'C,~, lQIsaa] ,,, ,~, mL (see NOTE)
38:15 (7) ~,,, illZl.l1 ilM'il' 1Q Isaa ] ilrD.l1 ~,m m

38:15 (7) il1"~ lQIsaa ] rrrts mL
38:15 (7) ,'C 1QIsaa ] "10 mL
38:16 (8) rrn lQIsaa ] ,;n; lQIsa b m
38:16 (8) il1:lJ1:J lQIsaa ] iil:i lQIsab m
38:16 (8) m rn 1QIsaa ] -rm vn m
38:17 (9) lil 1QIsaa] iin 1QIsab m
38:17 (9) il1'~C lQIsaa ] 'C lQIsab m
38:17 (9) ,t;,~ 1QIsaa] ,t;,::l m

38:18 (10) M't;" 1" 1QIsaa ID{vid») > 1QIsa b m
38:18 (10) M'~ 2· lQIsaa ID{vid») Mt;, m
38:19 (11, 12) M'il 1QIsaa- 1QIsab m] > 1QIsaa corr
38:19 (11,12) C"il 'J'IO:l lQIsaa- lQIsaa corr m ID{vid)] ')1O:l C1 0il lQIsab
38:19 (12, 13) ~ 1QIsaa-] il,t;,M 1QIsaa co rr; ~M 1QIsa b ; ~ m L
38:20a (12-14) 'J.Irrzmt;, 1QIsaa-] + vv 19(ditt)-20b 1QIsaa corr; + 21-22 1Q'Isa" 3m; + vv 20b-22 1QIsa b m ID
38:21 (14) nt;,::l' lQIsaa 3m] > vv 21-22 lQIsaa-; pr 'MlZ1' lQIsab m ID
38:21 (14) t;,J11QIsaa3m m] ~ lQIsab
Isaiah 39
39:1 (15) M'ilil lQIsaa lQIsa b 4QIsa b mmss] M'ilil m L
39:1 (15) 11~t;,::l1',2· lQIsaa] l1M- lQIsab m L
39:1 (16) il'PflrT' 1QIsaa] rrpm 1QIsab m (sic passim)
39:1 (16) J10lZ1" 1QIsaa 1QIsa b m] J10!Z1"~ 4QIsa b e a: 5 0
39:1 (16) il'rT" 1QIsaa] pm" 1QIsab m, Kat QVECTrT\ ID
39:2 (17) t;,,~ 1QIsaa mmss] > m L
39:2 (17) ,'n:lJ 1QIsaa] iln:lJ m L 15(vEXwEla); ,n:lJ mq
39:3 (20) il'l1!Z1' 1QIsaa] rr- 1QIsab 4QIsab m
39:6 (25) 'MlZ1J' 1QIsaa Ii)) ~~ii 1QIsab(vid) m
39:6 (25) J
'M'::l' t;,::l::l 1QIsaa e 1il?[::l::l 4QIsab; t;,::l::l m
39:6 (26) M't;" lQIsaa] ~t;, m
39:7 (26) il~'J1oo lQIsaa] 100 4QIsab m
39:7 (27) 1'il" 1QIsaa] 1'il1 4QIsab m
39:8 (27) il'l1!Z1' 1QIsaa] 'il'- 4QIsa b m
Isaiah 40
40:1-2 (29) ilO~'il1t;,M lQIsaa 4QIsab(C:l['ilt;,~)m(C:l'~~) 0'] b 8E6c 2'lEPE1C e« C'J.j~~~-?)
40:2 (29) '~iP' 1Qfsa" 4QIsa m] > -, 15
b
40:2 (331) ~t;,O lQIsaa ID) iiM~ m (err)

40:2 (I) M'~ 2· lQIsaa m('~)] > 15
40:2 (1) ~~::l 1QIsaa 4QIsab(?;:,: j) m(~:l::l)] > e
40:3 (2) 'ilZ1" lQIsaa] 1ilZl' lQIsa b mID; "IZ,.[ 4QIsa b
40:3 (2) ii::liJ1::l1QIsaa 4QIsab m] > 15
40:4 (3) ') 1QIsaa] M') 4QIsab m (orth or morph? cf m Deut 34:6; Josh 15:8)
40:4 (3) :lpJ1ii lQIsaa m] pr rmvrn e
40:4 (4) C'O~'iil1 lQIsaa] C'O:l"lV1 m L
40:5 (4) ,'iM' lQIsaa m('iM')] TO OWn1PLOV TOU 8EOU 15 (cf 38:11; 52:10b)
40:5 (4) M'eJ 1QIsaa m('eJ)] > e
40:6 (6) iiiO'M' lQIsaa Ii)(KaL EL1Ta)] iO~' m L
40:6 (6) ""iOn 1QIsaa] '100 m (orth or var?); B~a avElpWlTotJ G)

40:7 (7) > v 7 1QIsaa- G)] hab 1QIsaa corr m (add)
40:7 (7) p;,1QIsaacorr (err)] l:l~ m (gls): > 1QIsaa- G)
40:8 (7) "'lm 1QIsaa corr (err)] i'~n m (add); > 1QIsaa- G)
40:8(7) (7) r'~ ":JJ 1QIsaa m] Kat. TO uveoc; ECElTEOE G) (= r'~ ,m(w?)
40:9 (8) ':l" 1QIsaa] 1" m
40:9 (9) 'i'O~ 1QIsaa] 'i~~ m L
40:9 (9) ;'Q:l' 0 i11~ 1Q Isaa] oo'i1'?tIl m
40:10 (9) ')'1t1l 1QIsaa ffi(')1t1l)] > G)
40:10 (10) pnnJ 1QIsaa G)] pro:;! m L (orth or var?)
40:10 (10) ,'n".I1E)' 1QIsaa] m'.uEl' mG) (orth or var?)
40:11 (11) W'irJ 1QIsaa m(llnrJ)] pr Kat. G)
40:11 (11) c''?o 1QIsaa] O'tIl'?o m (til added; see GKC §93x)
40:11 (II) "i1)' rm m'~)n"'.u ~' (m 'p'nJ')i11p'nJ' 1Q Isa- m] Kat. EV yaoTpt. ExouoaC; lTapaKaAEOEl G)
40:12 (12) 0' '0 1QIsaa] 0'0 m G)(TO DOOp)
40:12 (12) mirJ 1Q'Isa" 5 Syh] mrJ m G)(vid)
40:12 (13) C')r'DJ 1QIsaa] C')rtllOJ m
40:13 (13) pn 1QIsaa m] Eyvw G) (== PJ:1?)
40:13 (13) m~{,}!Z1'~ 1QIsaa] m.u to'tIl, m (see NOTE)
40:13 (13) illt1'''' 1QIsaa] U.!1'''' m
40:14 (14) m1tllJ 1QIsaa m(mtllJ)] > G)
40:14 (14-16) OE)rDO 1QIsaa-] + 14ba-16 1QIsaacorr m (add); + 14b~-16 G)(> 1"1.111 ';'10"")
40:15 (15) (m '?1O')"W'; p1:l O"~ lil 1QIsaa corr m (add)] > 1Q'Isa'": Kat. Wt; OLEAOC;(= pi:l)
AOyla6rjooVTal G)
40:17 (17) "iln, ~:l' '1lJ 1QIsaa (cf Syh 0)] ';'1"11 OEltllo "lJ m, slot Kat. elc oU6Ev(OO~J'-?) G)
40:18 (17-18) " 1:l".un ... ')"011"1 'l Qfsa" (err; cf v.25)] "':ll-pn ... 11'011"1 mG)
40:19 (18) 100 ilrD.u', 1QIsaa] 10) m; ElTOLTJOE G)
40:19-20 (18-19) '''prDJ' c:>n rDin inJ' pJi' tll,., f11 20 vaca! 9i'~ 90:l n'pm, ,).uPi" lQIsaa-]
pr ilO'iI"l pcn1 20 (ante r.u) 1QIsaa 2m; ,)).up" 5QIsa;
,., rDpJ' oon tOin inJ' JPi' tll" r.u ilO'in pooil 20 9i'~ ~O:l n'pm, ,).uPi' m,
lTt:plEXPUOwaEV airr6v o~otw~a KaTEOKEUaOEV airr6v
20,UAOV yap UOTJlTTOV EKAEyETal TEKTWV Kat. acxf>Wc; (TlTEl 6}
(2 metath 1 Qfsa"; insrt 1Q'Isa" 2m m; diff div G)
40:21 (21) fi~ lQIsaa] ri~il m
40:23 (22) fi~ 'o::l1rD 1QIsaa m('o::lrD) 1 UPXElV nlV BE yTlV 6}(fitll' 000- diff div)
40:24 (23) Wir ... UlO) 1Olsa- m 0'] OlTdpWOlV ... eptJTEVOWOLV 6}
40:24 (23) '1rDilD 1QIsaa] rDilD 4QIsab m 6}
40:24 (23) 0) 1QIsaa] 0)' 4QIsa b m; > 6}
40:24 (23) 91O.llJ (itOll to 9lDJ; see NOTE) 1QIsaa] 9tDJ 4QIsab m
40:25 (25) ~ IQIsaa] "tIl, 4QIsa b m
40:25 (25) ')"011"1 1QIsaa m] '))'011"1 4QIsab (err)
40:25 (25) ~'lU7~' 1QIsaa (missp)] ii~' 4QIsab m 6)ed(Kat tow6f}oOllaL); KaL lAjswlhloollaL II)mss (= ..J~iDJ
r, OG?)
40:26 (25) ~i:l 1QIsaa
m a' 0' 6'] KaTE8EL~E IT<lVTa II)
40:26 (26) r~' 1QIsaa 11)] f'~' m (err)
40:26 (26) m'O 1QIsaa] n;:) m II)
40:26 (27) rD'~' 1QIsaa] !D'~ m11); rD'~[ 4QIsab
40:26 (27) i'~J 1QIsaa 4QIsab(probably rri~), possibly Ji'i~)) m] OE EAa6EV II)
40:28 (29) m~p 1QIsaa 1 n~p mL

40:28 (341) 1'~' 1QIsaa] 1'~ m
40:28 (I) 1'nJ,:Jn? 1Q Isaa] i~':Jn? mL II)
40:29 (1) 1mJii 1QIsa& 1 1nJ m

40:29 (1-2) ii:li' (m L iiO~-\,)i10~~ l:J')'~ 1'~?' 1QIsa& m 1 Kat TOLe; IlTJ oowwllEvme; A,lrrrrJv (= ~~) 6)
40:30 (2) ,e"rD;:)' 1QIsa& 1 '?tj{;:)' mL
40:31 (2) ,?~, 1QIsa&] ,?~ m lI)(vid)
40:31 (3) 'En~' 1QIsaa] ,El-\," m L
Isaiah 41
41:1 (4) 'rD'im 1QIsa& m] EYKaLV((E06E (= 'rD'inii; cf VAR 16:11) II)
41:1 (4) ,rD1J' 1QIsa&] 'rD~' mL

41:2 (5) 'ii~iP" 1QIsaa] 'P' mil)
41:2 (5) "?Ji? 1QIsa& 11)] '?Ji? m
41:2 (5) 1n'11", 2" 1Qlsa- l1n' m
41:2 (5) i'i" 1QIsa& 6'] ii' m, EKoTi)on (= i'in' cf v 5 and BHS note) II)
41:2 (6) ~"'J 1QIsa&] ~n~mL

41:3 (6) i'~" ooii" 1QIsa& 6)] !J' 'i' m
41:3 (6) 'lJ':l' ~,? 1Q Isaa] ~':l'~? nt: > lI)(but note +KaL lTOpEOOnaL in v 2)
41:4 (7) iii1p 1QIsaa] ~iP m
41:5 (8) 1in' 1Q'Isa" 6)(ulla)] "in' m
41:5 (8) 1,'n~, 1QIsaa] l1'n~', 1QIsabm
41:6 (9) ",'n~? 1QIsaa] i~ri~?[, 1QIsab(vid) m
41:7 (9) l:J?'~ m rD'C!l?El 1Q Isaa] C?'ii n~ rD'OEl 1Q Isa" m
41:7 (9) iO~" 1QIsaa] io,jt\ 1QIsab m(i~)
41:8 (II) iin~, 1QIsaame ] iim" 1QIsab
41:9 (12) jjjO'~' 1QIsaa] iO~' 1QIsab m (ef Ps 42:10; also 1QIsaa vs 4QIsab mat 43:13 and 44:19)
41: 11-12 (14-17) 'rD)~,12 vac ii;:):l'i 'rD~ ?" ',:l,' 1Q Isa- ]
'rD)~ l:J~~on ~?, OOp:Jn 12 l:l'i 'rDJ~ (1 Q Isa" ,rD:l', )":l~" 1'~ "ii' 1Q Isa" mil)
41 :13-14 (18) nJ1?1n '~i'n ~14 (ii)"nifJ1 ')~ 1QIsaa 1QIsab m] > II)
41:14 (19) 'n'o, 1QIsaa] 'no 1QIsab m, OALYOOTcX II)

41:14 (19) rD,'P 1QIsaa 1QIsab m] > II)
41:16 (21) rD"P:l, i11,i':l1QIsaa] 'p:l i11i1':l1QIsab m, EV ToLe; o:y(oLe; II)
41:17 (22) l:J'rDp::mi l:J')"::l~ii 1QIsaa] ':lO '~i' mll)(vid)

41:17 (22) ilOD 1QIsaa] ~~J 1QIsab m

41:17 (23) C:J1r~ 1QIsaa] ~~~ m L
41:18 (23) ;m~ 1QIsaa] n~ m
41:18 (23) C'J'.t1O 1QIsaa] n'lJ'.l1C m
41:18 (24) iJ"iCil ilC'fm' 1QIsaa] i::J'O C'fm' m
41:19 (24) ilft lQIsaa] 1~ 1QIsab m
41:19 (25) i1lZ1M1 iilin 1QIsaa] i1tzln1 [ ]IQIsab ; i1tz1M1 iilin m
41:20 (26) "'lO'lZT"·'IJ'::J'1 1QIsaa] 1C'lZ7'1 m; Kat EvvoT)6WaL d)
41:22 (28) 11~ipn 1 Q Isaa] ilJ'ipn m
41:22 (29) nmin~ 1~ 1QIsaa] In'in~ m
41:23 (352) il.l100J1 1Q Isaa] il.l1n:DJ1 md)(Kat 6au~aa6~Eea.)
41:23 (2) iMiJ1 1QIsaa m Q ] MiJ1 mL
41:24 (2) ilO=>?.InEl1 lQIsaa] (0ElM?).l1El~OO?.l1El1m; KaL1T06fv i] EpyaaLa vlJ.wv; EK yi'jl; (cf v 29)
41:25 (3) mi'.!1i1 1QIsaa] 'n- me
41:25 (3) 1'nM'1 1QIsaa] n~', m
41:25 (3) 'lCtz1::J ~iP" 1QIsaa] '0lD::J MiP' m, KAT)thlaoVTaL T4) 6voIJ.aTL uou d)
41:25 (3) (C'))O) 1~1J'1 1QIsaa d)(EPxla6waav)] ('0) M::J'1 m; (for 0::J'1?)
41:25 (4) 01Oi'1 1QIsaa] 'i' m
41:26 (5) i1iC1~1 1QIsaa] iOMJ1 m
41:26 (5) p~ 1QIsaa d)(aATl6"fl Eanv)] P"~ m
41:27 (7) ilOU.' 1QIsaa] ~, mL
41:28 (7) iMiM1 1QIsaa] Mi~' m
41:28 (8) c?~ 1QIsaa] 'M' m
41:29 (8) r~ lQIsaa] 1~ m
41:29 (8) ~, lQIsaa] OOM m
41:29 (9) j"1CJ"~'OJ lQIsaa] c."~J mL
Isaiah 42
42:1 (10) rrrt 1QIsaa mqi1) Matt 12:18] laKw~ d) (cf 41:8)
42:1 (10) il;:)1QnM lQIsaa] l0nM m
42:1 (10) 'i'nJ 1QIsaa m Matt] pr lapaT)A d) (cf 41:8)
42:1 (10) '1O~C1 1QIsaa] ~rDr.l me
42:2 (1 J) p.l1r 1QIsaa] P.l1~ m
42:3 (12) i'1::J;:)' 1QIsaa d)(vid)] ilJ~' m
42:4 (12) ilil;:)' M'?1 lQIsaa] ilil;:)' M? 4QIsah m, c.ivaM~l./JEL d)
42:4 (13) 1'ni1n?1 1 QIsaa] ,mn?1 4QIsah ; inl1n?' m-e
42:4 (13) 1''MJ' 1QIsaa] 1?'n' 4QIsah ; 1?'1j:~ m L d)(EA1TLOUaLV)
42:5 (14) C'i11~;i 1QIsaa] rrrr m
42:5 (14) i1i1:J 1QIsaa] ~i::J 4QIsah m(Mi1::J)
42:6 (15) ••••• ?,~ 1QIsaa] 1;""'~ 4QIsah m, EYW KiJPlO£: 0 6E6c; d) (see NOTE)
lQIsa 3 TEXTUAL VARIANTS 163
42:6 (16) ilp'rrm1 1QIsa 3 ] prntll' m

42:6 (16) CD 1QIsa3 mID] C?1.11 4QIsah
42:7 (17) i10ll: (contra i'Oll: in Burl) 1QIsa3 ] i'Oll: 4QIsah m
42:7 (17) r'l':J!:l' 1QIsa3 ID] r'l'::l!6 4Qlsah m (see NOTE)
42:8 (18) '!Xl' 1QIsa 3 ] 'oro 4QIsah mID

42:9 (19) r'l1rznnil, 1QIsa3 ] r'li[roj'im 4Qlsab 4QIsah mID
42:10 (20) 1rt?ilrt1 1QIsa3 ] -rm 4QIsah m; 1] cipXTl aUTofJ (= 1rt?rm) 8o~a'ETE TO ovolla aUTofJ lDed (dbl)
42:11 (21) "Ill' 1QIsa3 4QIsah lD(eixj>pav6Tln)] 1ll:1ll'm
42:11 (21) 1'i.11 1QIsa3 ] '.111 mID
42:11 (21) C'i~n, 1QIsa 3
] '~n mID
42:11 (21) U'i" 1QIsa 3
] 'Ji' mID
42:11 (22) C'iiil 1QIsa 3
] C'iil m
42:11 (22) 1n'i~' 1QIsa lD(vid; cf 42:13)] 1n,~ m
3
42:13 (23) .11"" 1QIsa 3 ] J1'i' me

42:14 (24) lt1l 'n'ron~ lQIsa 3
] 'r'l'lZ1m m
42:14 (24) ilpElMtIl 1QIsa 3
] pEl- m
42:14 (25) 1'~' ilEl1rDlll1 i1oot1l 1 Q Isa 3 ] ,n' 9)tillZ1t1l1 C!Z1t1l 4Q Isag m
42:15 (25) iI::l'inll: 1QIsa 3
1 ::l'- m
42:16 (26) 'r'l~"1i11 1Q I sa 3
] 'ro'?'i1, mL
42:16 (27) til", 1QIsa til, m
3
]
42:16 (27) C'~'lZ1i10 iTO'1Dll: 1QIsa3 ] llZ1no C'lZ1t1l m

42:17 (28) 1W1::l1 1QIsa 3
] 1lZ1:J'm
42:17 (29) rtW,:J 1QIsa mL(rtW:J)] > mms
3
42:19 (362) itlllI1{tIl}' 1QIsa3 ] i'.111 m L; rDin1 mmss a'

42:20 (2) ilr'l'tIli 1QIsa 3 mL(r'l'tIli)] rt1t1li mq
42:20 (2) i100r'l 1QIsa 3 mL(ioron)] iOro' mmss
42:20 (2) 1nnEl 1QIsa3 ] mpEl m
42:21 (3) ?,J', 1QIsa3 Ii)(vid)] ?',J' m
42:21-22 (3) iIiIi'tIl'1 1QIsa3 ] i"tIl" m; 22Ka l Et80v (= illllilll'?) e
g
42:22 (4) 'r'l:J:J1 1QIsa 3 mID] r'l':J:J, 4QIsa
42:22 (5) il01roO? 1QIsa3 1 iIOrDO? mmss cso, ilOrDO mL (see v 24)
42:23 (5) I'M" 1QIsa3 ] 'lll' 4QIsag m
42:23 (5) :JrDp" 1QIsa3 1 'p'm
42:24 (6) ilO'roO? 1QIsaa] ilO'rDO? m L ; ilOroO? m q (see v 22)
42:24 (6) ilt 1QIsa3 4QIsag ] 1t m
42:24 (7) 11?iI? 1QIsa 3
] 11?iI m
42:24 (7) "t'ii'ii::l 1 Q Isaa] '\t"'l- m-e
42:25 (7) non 1 QIsa 3 ] iTon 4QIsag m
42:25 (7) rt1.111 1 QIsaa] nu." m
164- DISCOVERIES IN THE JUDAEAN DESERT XXXII
Isaiah 43
43:1 (9) il:>'i~" ... il:>'~''O 1QIsaa] ] ... 1~i':1 1QIsa b; 11~;' ... 1~!~ mL
43:3 (12) 'J~ 1QIsaa] pr':> 1QIsab 4QIsag me
43:3 (12) 'nnJ,l~U tQIsaa 1 ~nnJ lJ1'lZl'O 1QIsab me
43:3 (12) li£l1:> O'i~O 1QIsaa 1 O'i~O liEl' 1QIsa b me
43:3 (12) C'~::l01 1QIsaa 1 ~:::lO' 1QIsab 4QIsag m, Kal ~O"'IITlV e
43:4 (13) c~il1n~ 1QIsaa] Ci~ iinl 1QIsab; o,~ 1n~, m
43:6 (15) 'nU::ll '" 'J:! ~'::l.' 1QIsaa] l'nU::ll ... 1'~::l 1]~'::l.' 1QIsab; 'nlD' ... 'J::l '~'::l.' me
43:6 (15) ',~o 1QIsaa ~(alT' dxpwv)] ii~PO 1QIsa b m(see NOTE)
43:7 (16) 'i(')::l:l?' 1QIsaa 1QIsab m L 1 ':>? mmss so Syh
43:7 (16) :'J~ 1QIsaa m] :'J~' 1QIsa b
43:8 (16) 1}l;'~ii 1QIsaa ~(vid)] ~'~,~ tQIsab; ~'~'ii m; educ 0
43:8 (17) O'J'J1 1QIsaa 1 'J1, 1QIsab m
43:9 (18) "')" 1QIsa" 1QIsab 1 i')' m~(aVa'Y'YEAEi)
43:9 (18) ,.ll'O(O' 1QIsaa] 'J,p'OlZl' m L
43:9 (18) W'O!Z1" 1QIsa"] ,.llOtP" m L
43:10 (19) 'i::lJ11QIsaa] 'J1, me
43:10 (20) ii'ii ~,? ',n~, 1QIsaa] ii'ii'~? "in~[, 1QIsab; rrrr ~? 'in~, me
43:12 (21) 'nJ10tzlii11QIsaam] 'tzlii1QIsab~
43:12 (22) 'J~ 1QIsaa] 'J~' m
43:13 (23) ii?'.ll~ 1QIsaa] ?i1[El~ 4QIsab mL(?~El~); [ ]bEl~ 1QIsab
43:14 (24) ?:l:l:l1QIsaa] ?::l:l4QIsab; il?::l::l m
43:14 (24) 'nii1il1 1QIsaa m] Kal €lTeYEpW (= 'ni'.llii1?) e
43:14 (25) 0"'(0:>' 1Q Isa"] C'ilZl" m
43:14 (25) m'J'~:1 1QIsaa] n"J~~ m
43:17 (27) nnJ1' ?'m 1QIsa"] m~, ?'n m L
43:17 (27) ,:11:>(0' 1QIsaa] ,~' mL
43:18 (27) i"rn 1Q Isaa] 'i:>rn me
43:19 (28) iinm 1QIsa"] iln.ll m
43:19 (28) '.llin 1QIsa"] il1.llin m ~(vid)
43:19 (29) PO'lZl'::l 1Q Isa"] ]1OV1'::l m L
43:19 (29) n1::l'nJ 1QIsaa] n1iilJ m«)
43:20 (371) 1n~ 1QIsaa 1 'nnJ m
43:20 (1) PO'lZl'::l 1QIsaa] 10'lZ1'::l m
43:20 (I) 'i'n::l' 1QIsaa] 'n::l m
43:21 (1) nr 1QIsaa] ,r m
43:21 (1) 'n?iin1 1QIsaa] 'iin 4QIsag m
·43:21 (1) 'i~" 1QIsaa] 'iElO' 4QIsag m~(8lTJYE'iaeal)
43:22 (2) ~,?, 1QIsa" mL(~?1)] ~? mmss s~ms 0
43:23 (2) iin1~':J,' 1QIsa"] n~oo[ 1QIsab; ~~[:J,i 4QIsa g ; t;l~';l.'J mL
43:23 (2) j"",I1? 1QIsaa] li;lii?ll1 4QIsag m(l'rf?.I1)1»

43:23 (2) il:m:n:l1 1QIsaa cf l»(oU8E EV Talc 6ualau; oou) 5] l'n:m m
43:23 (3) iln:lO ~'? iln'rD.I1 ~,,,, 1QIsaa] ilnm l'm:U1i1~? 4QIsag ml»mss; > I»
43:24 (3) ~,,, 1° 1QIsaa 1QIsab(~") m] ~i?, 4QIsag
43:24 (4) il:m.l1::l 1QIsaa] l'n:l1.11::l me
43:25 (5) il.:l.l1tZ1El1QIsaa] l'.I1tZ1D m (orth or var?)
43:25 (5) ".11 i1,:)~ ~,? 1QIsaa] i.:l~~? m; au I.I.Tt llVT'JaEhlaollaL I»
43:26 (5) 'J'i'.:lti1 1QIsaa] 'J1'.:lti1 mLI»(vid)
43:26 (5) ,'1Tl' 1QIsaa] in' m
43:28 (6) i1??n~' 1QIsaa 1 "n~, m; Kat ElJ.laVaV 1»(= ,,,n',) cf 5
43:28 (6) 1n~, 1QIsaa] ilJn~, m
43:28 (7) C'El,,)? 1QIsaa 1 C'El'i~" m L
Isaiah 44
44:2 (8) il.:lir1.11' lQIsaa] lir.l1~ m L ; ETL l3oTj6r)EhlOlJ I» (+ diff div)
44:3 (9) C'''ru, 1QIsaa m(c'?m)] TOte; TIOpEUOIlEVOte; €>
44:3 (9) p~p 1QIsaa] p~ (2°) ml»
44:4 (9-10) i'~li 1'::l,:) ,no~ 1QIsaa] i'~n (mmss 1'::l,:) l'::l::l ,m:l~ m L ; Kal aVaTEAOUalV waEl X6pTOC ava
I.I.EaOv U8aToc I»
44:4 (10) '''::l,' lQIsaa 1 '''::l~ m L
44:6 (12) "?~')' 1QIsaa] ,~)' me
44:6 (12) 100 m~:J~ 1QIsaa] n'~ me (see 47:4; 48:2)
44:7 (13) ~iP' lQIsaa m] aTf]Tw (= l:!p') I» cf 5
44:7 (13) ~.;., iiii~'i.u', 1Q Isaa] '? ii~l~'.' mL
44:7 (13) 1!:l'tZ10 1QIsaa] '01tZ10 m; a<j>' au ETIOlTjaa I»
44:7 (13) i1J'~1:ln i~ iO~" lQlsaa] i1J1~1:m i~1 4QIsac m, TIp(> TaU EAeE1V e
44:8 (14) "nDn lQIsaa m] rrapaKaA1rrTTEa6E (= "n:>n) I»
44:8 (14) '~i'n ?~1 1Q Isaa] 'iiin .,~, m (err); > I»
44:9 (15) i~" 1QIsaa] 'i~' m
44:9 (15) ilOoi 1QIsaa] ftc,; mL(puncta extraordinaria); > mmss
44:11 (16) rm 1QIsaa] 1ii m
44:11 (16) 1tZ1'::l'1'i:J,n lQIsaa m L('tZ1J'. "i~)] MEV E)'EVOVTO« ~':J?) E~Tjpdv6r)aav (= W:;J:/'::lin) I»
44:11 (16) C'tZ1in, 1QIsaa m L(C'tZ1llJ')] Kat KW<f>ot (= 0'tZ11n') I»
44:11 (17) "nD' 1QIsaa] "nD' m; EVTpamlTWaav I»
44:11-12 (17) ,'1Tl' 1Qlsaa] in' m, al.l.a 120TL <.:>euvE(dbl: in:) I»
44:12 (17) 'il"~" lQIsaa] 'il'~' m L
44:12 (18) ~.u,', 0'0 ilmtZ1 lQIsaa] ~~", 0'0 iln~ m L
44:13 (18) 'ilClJ 1Q Isa" I»(vid)] ilClJ m
44:13 (19) 'iltZ1.11' 1QIsaa] 'J)'m
44:14 (20) 1i'~ 1QIsaa] Jlk m L; rl~ mmss; KupLOe; (= 1"~) I»
44:15 (20) nrn 1QIsaa] rrrn ml»(vid)
44:15 (21) ,~ 1QIsaa] ~~ m

44:16 (22) ,,~,".lTI 1QIsaa] "~".u m; KaL ElT' alrro1J 6) (see NOTE)
44:16 (22) en',:J!Z1' ,'''m ".11, .,~" 1QIsaa] en' ~~ .u:JrD" ,.,~ m~' .,~~, m (err);
6lTnloal; l<lXl'YE KaL EVElTAf]o6r] KaL 6Ep~aveEk d) (see v 19)
44:16 (22) ,lJ 1QIsaa] 'n'~, me
44:17 (22) iW.I1' .,~., 'In''W, 1QIsaa] iW.u~" 'In''~tU1 m (see NOTE)
44:17 (23) r.u "":J" 1QIsaa] '''00'' m; YAUlTTOV d) (see v 19)

44:17 (23) iilnnw', 1QIsaa d)(vid)] ,nnlZl" m
44:19 (24) "OM" "OM" 1QIsaa (ditt)] 'OM" m, o-n d)
44:19 (25) m~,~, 'W:J ii"~' 1QIsaa] .,~, ['W:J m~ 4QIsab m
44:19 (25) m:J.l7m" '"'In''
1QIsaa d)mss] ii:J,U,m "n' 4QIsab; ii:J.I1,n" "m me
44:19 (25-26) r.u "":J" 1QIsaa] r.u ",:J" m; > d) (see v 17)
44:20 (26) ii.u" 1Q'Isa" m(ii.l11)] yvWTE (= (1).11') d)
44:20 (26) .,.~" 1QIsaa (hapl)] n~ .,,~, 4QIsab m (hapl); 8WaTal EeEAEoeal (= "'~ii "'~"?) d) Ol A' (!)
44:20 (26) 1'W 1QIsaa d)(OTl l/JEfJ&>l;)] 'pW ~?ii 4QIsa b m(~'''ii) Ol A'
44:21 (27) ~'W' 1° 1QIsaa] '" 4QIsa b me
44:21 (27) ~1lZ1' 2° 1QIsaa me ] ",4QIsab
44:21 (27) 'Nn 1QIsaa d)(vid)] 'JlZ1Jl1 4QIsab m
44:22 (28) ii~.I1lZ1EJ 1QIsaa] i'.uWEJ LQ'Isa'' 4QIsab md)(vid) (orth or var?)
44:23 (29) r'~' 1QIsaa d)(vid)] r'~ 1QIsa b m
44:23 (29) "'~'.11" rm 1QIsaacorr 1m] .,,~, r r 1QIsaa.; .,~, 'i[.u' iiJ' 1QIsabmL("~, ,.11' ml);
.,~ h.u' iiJ' 4QIsab
44:24-25 (382) '00 ,~ ~'C 1QIsaa] '00 'n~ 1QIsa b; 1EJ]O 'n~ 'c 4QIsab; ,00 2 5,~ '0 m L mss('n~O m q mss 5)
25Tk ETEpoc(= ,~ 'O?) 8laoKE&iond)
44:25 (3) ,,~O' 1QIsaa lQIsa b 4QIsa b d)(~WpEUWV)] .,~, m (err)
44:28 (6) 1O;n'''~'m 1QIsaa] ,cr,]li ":m,
1QIsab m, KaL TOV OlKOV TOV aYlov uov 6Ej.lEAlWaW d)
Isaiah 45
45:1 (6) In'WC'' 1QIsaa m y,] TW XPlOT4l uou d)(= ;n-); in-/;n- ? 1QIsab
45:1 (7) mn", 1Q Isaa] t:m", m
45:2 (8) C"'ii' 1QIsaa 1QIsab(C'",m) d)(KaL OPT])] c'",m m
45:2 (8) 1lZ1'~' 1QIsaa] in'wC"/;n'lZ1C"? lQIsa b; 't$.1~ m L; 'lZ1'~ mq ; d)(oj.la>..Lw) (cf v 13)
45:2 (8) ":J!Z1~ 1QIsaa] '~rDN m
45:3 (9) m'lpii 1QIsaa] ~"Pii 1QIsa b m
45:4 (to) ii~J'~ii CW:J, 1QIsaa] 10tz1]:i 1QIsa b; lD~ 10W:J m, T4l 6VOj.laTL j.lou(oou y') Kat lTpOO8EeOj.laL OE 6)
45:5 (11) r~' 'n",r 1QIsaa] r~ 'n"m 1QIsab; r~ 'n",r m

45:5 (11) ii~'~~ 1QIsaa m(l'-)] > d)
45:6 (12) :J'11oo, 1QIsaa d)(vid)] ]i'T:J,.uCC, 1QIsab m 0' e'
45:7 (12) rrrcn 1° 1QIsaa] ~":J' LQ'Isa'' m
45:7 (t3) :J'O lQIsaa Aug(bona)] C,~ md)(dpT]\ITlv)
45:7 (t3) m':J' 2° 1QIsaa] ~":J' m
45:8 {I 4) i.I1"i1 1QIsaa 6}(Eileppav6f]TW)] i£l'~i1 m

45:8 {I 4) m.uoo 1QIsaa] ".I1QO 1QIsab m
45:8 (14) "T'; 1QIsaa] i"r 1QIsab m 6}
45:8 (14) m£l'i r'R" 'OR., 1QIsaa] i~'i r'R n]liEll11QIsa b m Ii)Ao L c ; aVUTELNlTW Tj 'Yfi e
45:8 (14) n'~n 1QIsaa] + i'nR':1 mil' 'JR ~;[ 1QIsab 4QIsaC( 4]~4[1..) m Ii)( ... <> KTtauc; os;
> KUptoc; li)Q) (note space in 1QIsaa for possible insertion of this longer text)
45:9 (15) i"~i' nR 1QIsaa] i'~' nR m. KUTEaKEUaau e
45:9 (15) ilO'Ril 'tD'i" 1QIsaa] ilO~ 'tD'IJ m, apoTpuiaEt T'l)v 'Yfiv e
45:9 (15) 'OiRil 'iil 1QIsaa] ,on "1OR'il 1QIsab m 1i)(~Tj EpEL <> 1TT]AOc;)
45:9 (16) C'" C'R 1QIsaa] C',' me
45:10 (16) 'OiRil 1QIsaa] ~M m; <> M'YWV e
45:10 (17) r"in[n 1QIsaa] r"'nn m
45:11 (17) rrc t Olsa- m(i1~)] pr OTt Ii) (cf 45:18)
45:11 (17) mil' 1QIsaa.] + "R'tD' tDi'P 1QIsaa 2mmli)
45:11 (17) n;niRil '~i' 1Q Isaa] ni'nRi1 i'~'i m, <> trotTjauc; Tel ETTEpx6~Eva (= m'n(i)Ril '~i') e
45:11 (17) 'D 1QIsaa m] + 'mJ:l ".I1i· e
45:13 (20) 'imtD:1 1QIsaa] 'IJtD:1 m
45:14 (21) ni'O 'tDJR C'R:10 1QIsaa] il'O 'tDJR C'R:10i m
45:14 (22) '~'''Ri il11nntD' '~'''Ri 1QIsaa] T"R 11nntD' T~i m
45:14 (22) '~:1 1QIsaa] 1:1 m
45:15 (23) ,nnoo "R 1QIsaa m] eEOc; Kal OUK U8EL~EV e
45:16 (24) ~"'i 1QIsaa Ii)(Kal TTOpEOOOVTat)] i~"il m
45:16 (24) C"i~ '~in 1QIsaa] C"'~ 'tDllJ m; E'YKaWl(m6E TTp6c; ~E vTtaOt 6} (= C"R 1tD~?)
45:18 (26) rrc R':J 1QIsaa m(i1~ ,~)] OUTW< e (cf 45:11)
45:18 (26) rrna 1QIsaa] R'i:1 m
45:18 (26) '~i'i 1 Q Isaa] ,~, m
45:18 (26) il'tD.I1i 1Q Isaa] i1~l1i m
45:18 (27) ii1n" 1QIsaa Ii)(Ek KEVOV)] ii1n m
45:18 (27) rrrr 1QIsaa m] > e
45:19 (28) 'JR 1QIsaa m] E'YW elju E'YW Et~t e
45:20 (29) i'nRi 1QIsaa] "n' m e
45:21 (392) rRi 2' 1QIsaa] rR me
45:22 (2) i.I1'tD,m 1QIsaa] lWn;:Ti m
45:23 (4) 1,i:J/1';:1 1QIsaa] 1':1 4QIsab m(1l~)
45:23 (4) .I1:ltDn, t Olsa- Ii)(Kal E~ofloAo'YiJaETat)Ii)OLC(Katouerrm ) 5(vid)O] .I1:1tDn 4QIsa b ma:;
confitebitur oms
45:24 (4) 'OR' R'" 1QIsaa] 'OR'" m, 'OR"· Ii)(AE'YWV)
45:24 (4) irvi:l' iRi:1' 1QIsaammss] irD:1', R':1' m-, T\~OOOt Kul ai,axvveTjaOVTat e
Isaiah 46
46:1 (5) i:lJ 1QIsaa m Nul3w 6}Ba'a'e'] ~a'Ywv 6}
46:1 (6) i'Tr.liT:J~ 1QIsaa] ,~, mG)(vid)

46:1 (6) ilO.,..lTlOOC 1QIsaa] iTEl't?] ~rDC 4QIsa b mG)
46:2 (6) '17'" '101p lQIsaa m] KallTElVWVTL Kat EKMAU~EV41 OUK LUXUOVTL G)
46:2 (7) '~::l1' ~~, 1QIsaa] '~::l~ ~~ m
46:2 (7) ~C 1QIsaa m] drro lTOM~OU G)
46:2 (7) D~ 1QIsaa G)(vid)] iT5[~iT 4QIsa b m
46:3 (8) 1700 1QIsaa] '1700 me
46:3 (8) C'~1J1 1~:J 'JOO C'OO'17 1Q Isaa] c'I~JiI[ 1Q Isa b; C'~re~iT 1~:J 'JO C'OQ.p,iT m
46:4 (9) '17 1Q Isa- G)(vid)] '171 m
46:4 (9) '::lU~' 1QIsaa] '~, m (see v 9)
46:4 (10) iTt!l~~1 1QIsaa] ~~O~1 m
46:5 (10) "rDn1 1QIsaa 1QIsab(;1rDm)] "rDm m, tBETE G)
46:5 (10) iTC~' 1QIsaa] iTC,J, 1QIsab m, ol lTAaVW~EVOL G)
46:6 (11) 0'::l:J 1QIsaa] O'::lC me
46:6 (II) "DrD' 1QIsaa] 1'::llZ7" 1QIsa b G)(vid); 1'~' m
46:6 (11) iW.l1" 1QIsaa G)(vid)] 'iWil{', lQIsab m
46:6 (II) ,'UO', lQIsaa 1QIsabOl'iJO") G)(vid)] "~O' m
46:6-7 (11-12) 'iT~,,7 ,nnu" lQIsaa] 'iT[~rD,7 lQIsab; '~rD,7 "nnrD' m
46:7 (12) 'iT'lM'J" 'iT1~:JO' 1Q I saa] ,iTcrr, 'iT(:J0' m
46:7 (12-13) "~D p17r lQIsaa] ,,~ p[ 1QIsab ; ,,~ P17~' m
46:8 (13) rrcr 1QIsaa] ''::If 1QIsab m(1'~n
46:9 (14) "Df 1QIsaa] ,)1::lf 1QIsab m(1'~n
46:9 (14) 'J~ 1QIsaa 4QIsac ] '::l~ 1QIsab m (see v 4)
46:10 (15) min~ 1QIsaa(contra n'~ in Burl)] n;in~/nii~? lQIsab; n1J1'i[n~ 4QIsa c ; n,.,n~ m,
Tel EuxaTa G) (see 1QIsab NOTE and cf 47:7)
46:10 (15) iWD' 1QIsaa] ;'rD~ lQIsab4QIsaC(iW~)me
46:11 (16) m,p 1QIsaa] ~.,p lQIsab4QIsaC(~"p)m
46:11 (16) '1n~.l1 1QIsaa 4QIsad(in~17) m L
;n~.I1 1QIsabm q ; I3El3ouAEu~aL G)
]
46:11 (16) i1'ni~ 1QIsaa] 'ni~' 1QIsab4QIsacmG)(vid)

46:13 (18) ;':J,'P 1QIsaa] ']n:JiP 1Q'lsa" m G); 'n:JipiT 4QIsa c
46:13 (18) ~,~, 1· lQIsaa] ~~ m, > G)
46:13 (19) ~,~, 2· 1QIsaa] ~~ me
46:13 (19) 'nnJ 1QIsaaf)U'O] 'mJ' 1QIsab4QIsacm
46:13 (19) ~irD'&;,' lQIsaa4QIsaC(&;,jill'rD'&;,i)u'50] ~irD;' lQIsa b4QIsad('rD'I&;,) mG)([
Isaiah 47
47:1 (20) r'~' &;'17 ':JrD 1QIsaa] ri~&;' ':JrD 1QIsab m, EtUEA6E de; TO UI<OToc; G) (cf v 5)
47:1 (21) ~'P' 1QIsaa] '~'P' 1QIsa m b
47:2 (21-22) 1'&;"rD 'El1rDn 1QIsaa] &;,:JrD[ LQf sa"; &;':JrD ':JrDn 4QIsad; &;':JrD 'ElVfD m. avaKclAUl/JaL T<lc;
lTo>..Lcle; (= ;'~iT?) f)
47:2 (22) "':Jl7 1QIsaa] ',:J.l1 1QIsa b m(',~)
47:3 (22) mm 1QIsaa] ?m 1QIsa b m

47:3 (23) .11JEJtll 1QIsaa,b m(.11~) a'(atTavTTJaw) 5] .11')EJtll 4QIsad ; tTapaBW 6); -0 1'J" 'Ja1tll, CI:;
aVTlOTTJaETal ~Ol a'O
47:5 (23) ilee, 1QIsaa] am m
47:5 (24) ni,::JJ 1? ,tll'P' 1QIsaa] nl~ 1? ,tll'P' m
47:6 (25) 'n??m 1QIsaa] '?n 1QIsa b m; E~tava< 6)
47:6 (25) ,~ 1QIsaa] noro m
47:6 (25) 'mD' 1QIsaa] m::J:)il 1QIsab m
47:6 (26) il'tll'O 1QIsaa] htllo 1QIsa b m
47:7 (26) ".11 ni,:JJ 1QIsaa] ,.11 nVJ m
47:7 (26) 'ni:lr ... ':l~? ... ,~ 1QIsaa] 'ni:lr ... 1::1? ... [ 1QIsa b; ni:lt ... 1~? ... nerD m
47:7 (27) ilmntll 1QIsaa] iln'intll m; Ta EaxaTa 6) (cf 46:10)
47:8 (27) ilJ".11 1QIsaa] ilJ".11 4QIsad m
47:8 (27) il~~?~ 1QIsaam] il~?~ 1QIsab
47:8 (28) iltll'tll 1QIsaa] il[1tll 4QIsad me
47:9 (28) ilJ'tll,~, 1QIsaa] ilJ~~' 1QIsab m (see 48:3)
47:9 (29) ilJO?tll, 1Q Isaa] 10?tll' m
47:9 (29) il1tll'O 1'i::l,n 1Q Isaa] ,ttO l'i:JQ m
47:10 (29-30) In.u,~ 'nc:l:~n11QIsaa] 1n.Di~ 'nc:l~' m; Tij EAtTt8l Tile: rrovnplnc oou 6) ('\i, cf below)
47:10 (30) 'Jtll(1)i l'tt (rrt- m)'niC~ 1QIsaam] ail yap dnae: EYW El~l Kat OUK EaTlV ETEpa YVW6l OTl 6)
47:10 (30) In.11'' 1QIsaa 1QIsab m] Kat i] tTOVTJpla oou (= '.11i') 6) ('\i, cf above)
47:10 (30) 1~?~ 1QIsaa] 1~?::1 m
47:11 (31) iltt::l, 1QIsaa] tll~, m
47:11 (31-40 I) ~,?, ... tt,? ... ~,?, 1QIsaa] tt? .. [~?] .. , tll? 1QIsab m; Kat OU ~i] (sx) 6)
47:11 (31) ilinro 1QIsaa m] l36Owoe: (= nnro?) 6)

47:11 (31) il"il 1QIsaa] ili;' m
47:11 (31) iliEJ:l? 1Q I saa] iliEJ:l m
47:12 (401) T,~,n~ ttJ'"O.11' 1QIsaa] '];0.11 1QIsab ; 1'i:JQ~ ttJ "1;l~ m
47:12 (I) 'n.11J' 1QIsaa] n.11J'm
47:12-13 (2) "'0.11' ln~.11 ~":l13 cm ,.11, 1QIsaa] "/?-P' l'~.u ~i~ n'tt"J13 '~'i.11n ,?,]tll ?'.11'il '?:lin ;'?[,tll
1QIsab m; el 8uvf]au W4>E"ATJ6fJVal 13KEKOnlaKae: EV Tale: l3ouAal< oov aniTwaav 6)
47:13 (2) 'i::l,n 1QIsaa 6)(Ol aaTpoA6yOl)] 'i:1.' mq('i- m L ) (err?)
47:13 (2) C'oo 1QIsaa m] 'roil 1QIsab
47:13 (2) C'nnil11QIsaa] C'rnil me
47:13 (3) ilOil'?.11 ~,~' 1QIsaa] 1'?.11 ,~~, m, ~tAAtl EnL aE EPXEa{)al 6)
47:14 (3) '?'~il 1Q I saa] '?'~' m

47:14 (4) OO,n? 1QIsaa] con? 1QIsa b m(OOT;T't)
47:15 (4) 'n.11J' 1QIsaa] n.DJ' m
Isaiah 48
48:3 (8)
48:3 (9) iTJ'M'Cnl 1QIsaa] iTlaon, m (see 47:9)

48:4 (9) 'n.11i' ,rDMO 1QIsaa·ID(rLVWaKw frW)] 'n.I,,~ ~~O 1QIsaa corr m('runo)
48:5 (10) iTi'~' 1QIsaa] "~l m
48:5 (11) ~ 1QIsaa] 'Ell m
48:6 (12) In.11i' Ml? 1QIsaa] Cn.Il" ~i;ll m (see v 7)
48:7 (12) C'nllOO Ml? 1QIsaa] Cn.IlC!Z1 ~i;ll m
48:7 (13) C'nllT 1QIsaa] rn.11i'm (see v 6)
48:8 (13) 0)' 1QIsaa] Pl4QIsabmID(vid)
48:8 (13) 'n.I10lZ1 1QIsaa] f).I10lZ1 m L
48:8 (13) rnre 1Q !saa] iTnnEl m
48:8 (13) ~'::l 2· 1Q Isaa] > m (see NOTE)
48:8 (14-) '~iP' 1QIsaaID(K}..TJ&f}0lJ)~(1i;l'ipn')] ~[Ip 4QIsad m(~ip) U'(EK}..TJIhll;) 5

48:9 (14) Cl~M 1QIsaa] -C~M m L
48:10 (15) iT::l'nJ'l:l 1QIsaa] 1'nin:l m, E-~ElMIlTJV BE UE ID
48:11 (16) !;In'M iT:J'M 1QIsaa 4QIsa (!;ln;.-[ )
C
4QIsad(i;ln'MM 1'M) ~msso] ?r;r'.1'~ me, TO fllOV OVOIlU
l3E~TJAO\rraL ID
48:12 (17) m~ 1QIsaa] '?M mID
48:12 (17) ~M 1QIsaa m] 0) 4QIsad
48:13 (17) "0' 1QIsaa] meme
48:13 (18) 'J'O" 1QIsaa mID] '0' 4QIsad IDmss
48:13 (18) ili'lp 1QIsaa] Mip 4QIsad m
48:13 (18) "'IO.\T" 1QIsaa 4QIsa C("l0.l1l'1)
4QIsad ID] ,,0.\1' m
48:14 (18) l.I1C!Z1'l C?,::l l~:JP' 1QIsaa] l.I1C!Z11 C:J?, [l~:JPiT 4QIsad m
48:14 (19) "J'l 1QIsaa] -;'lJ1 4QIsad mID
48:14 (19) '~ElI"T iTlZ1'l '::J,i1M 1QIsaa(contra ~Eln in Burl)] 1~Eln iTlZ1.I1; i::J,'~ 4QIsad m; QralTWV UE
E-lTOLTJUU TO 6E}..TJlla UOU(UUTOU IDL) ID; T]rUTITJUEV UUTOV n ': TJYUTITJUEV (01;) TTOlTJUEl TO
6EATJIlU UUTOU o'
48:14 (19) '.I1lif 1Q I saa] lDiT1 m; TOl) apal UlTEPIlU e
48:15 (20) 'ilD" ;m'i;l~iTl liT'nlM'::J,,' 'MiP 1QIsaa] 1JJi, n'?~i11 (1'nM'::J" m)1'nM::J,,[ 1'n]M'p 4QIsad m,
n"'~]Ml ,.,inlM'::J" 4QIsa c ID
48:16 (20) l:JliP 1QIsaa] l:JlP m L

48:16 (21) n.D:J 1QIsaa] nDO m
48:16 (21) i'Tr.W 1QIsaa 1 ClZ1 m
48:17 (23) iT::l'i1iT 1QIsaa] l'::l"O 1QIsa b ; 1""0 4QIsad m ~ 5 0; TOU EUpELV UE ID
48:17 (23) iT:J l?n'rDM 1QIsa" ID] l?n 1QIsab 4QIsac4QIsa d( l]"n) m
48:18 (23) M1i;ll lQIsaa 1QIsab(M?l) 4QIsac ID] ~~" me s e
48:18 (23) iT'iT1 'n1'~ i;lM 1QIsaa] 'iT'1 'm~O? m
48:19 (24) iT::l~~~' 1QIsaa] 1'.110 'M~~ 1QIsab(vid) mID
48:20 (25) ill" lQIsaa 1 iTl' 1QIsab m L(ill'1)
48:20 (25) l.I1'Otzli111QIsa" ID] 'tz1iT 1QIsa b m
48:20 (25) ',~ 1.111QIsaa] ~P 1.11 iT1~'~1iT lQIsab ( iT1]R~1iT) 4QIsad mID
48:20 (26) M lQIsaa] > lQIsa b m

48:21 (26) '0'''\' 1QIsaa 6)L] c:>"'?'n 4QIsad m; ci~€L airroix; 6)
48:21 (26) :l'ri'T 1QIsaa 5 (cf Ps 78:20 and 105:41)] ?'til 1QIsab 4QIsad m, Ee<i€€L 6); Eel)'YO:YEV 6)La:
(cf Exod 17:6 and Num 20:8-11); WXETEOOEV v'
48:22 (27) l'M' 1QIsaa] I'M 1QIsab me
Isaiah 49
49:1 (28) '?M C"M 1QIsaa 1QIsab ma:(vid)] C("M]'?~ 4QIsa d (cf 41:1; 51:5) 6)(vid)<1'; >''?M 6)c S O
49:1 (28) ':l'lZ1pii lQIsaa] -rn 1QIsab m
49:2 (29) "" 1QIsaa] rr 1QIsab m(i,') 6) (orth or var?)
co rr
49:2 (29) fn::> 1QIsaa·lfi a: 5] rn::>" 1QIsaa ; rn'? 4QIsad m
49:2 (30) "nE)!DtO 1QIsaa] ,n- 1QIsab 4QIsad m
49:3 (30) ?M'IZ1' lQIsaa 1QIsab 4QIsa d m] > mms
49:3 (30) 'MOOM 1QIsaa m] 'MEl]riii 1QIsab (err?)
49:4 (31) 'JM 1QIsaa] 'JM, 4QIsad m 6)a: S
49:4 (31) ":J,-r" iim" 1QIsaa] ":J", ,i1n" 1QIsab m
49:4 (31) pM 1QIsaa m] 1M 1QIsab
49:4 (31) 'n".I1'El' lQIsaa] 'n".I1El{, 4QIsad m('n"~~1) (orth or var?)
49:4 (411) 'm?M 1QIsaa 1QIsab('ii"M) m e a: SO] 'mM Mt'j; 4QIsad ; KVpLOV TOV 6EOV lfims
49:5 (I) ,ct' 1QIsaa m] pr i1::> 1QIsab e
49:5 (I) 1'~" 1QIsaa] "~" 1QIsa b m(',~') e
49:5 (2) ,., 2· 1QIsaa mq mss e a'] M? 4QIsad m L <1' 8' 0
49:5 (2) m:l::>M' 1QIsaa] ,~, 1QIsab m
49:5 (2) ',r.l1 1QIsaa] '111 1Q Isa'' m 6)
49:6 (2) "pJ lQIsaa m] "pJii lQIsab
49:6 (3) c'pm 1QIsaa] JilZ1ii" 1QIsa b (cf next clause); c'pm 4QIsad m
49:6 (3) :l,P.l1' "'~J' "M'1Z1' 1QIsaa] '?M'IZ1' ',i~, JPll' lQIsa b m(','~, m-, ",~, mq ) 6)
49:6 (4) f'~' "~p lQIsaa] r't' ii~P 1QIsab; r't'ii ~p m
49:7 (5) 'J"M 1QIsaa 1QIsab('J1t')] > m
49:7 (5) ii:l?t"J 1QIsaa lfi] "t',J lQIsab m('?MJ)
49:7 (5) ',r:1? 1QIsaa 4QIsa d a' <1' B'(sic Chr Tht) a:(pl) 5 0] iiT.:J7 c 6) a' B'(sic Hi); ilt~'? m
49:7 (5) ':J.t1nc? 1QIsaa] JDm? m
49:7 (6) 'M' 1QIsaa] 'M" 1QIsab m
49:7 (6) ,cp' 1QIsaa m] lCip; 1QIsab
49:7 (6) C"IZ1' 1QIsaa 1 QIsab(C"l~i)] C"1Z1 m (see NOTE)
49:7 (6) mnlZ1i1' 1Q Isaa] mn~", m

49:7 (6) il:l,n:1' 1QIsaa] 1,nJ" m, Kat ECEAECclfJ.TJV <1E e
49:8 (7) il:lWM 1QIsaa] l'n'w m 6)(vid)
49:8 (7) il:l,rDM lQIsaa ] l'n,rll lQIsab m 6)(vid)
49:9 (8) 'IZ1M?' 1QIsaa lfi(vid)] '? m
49:9 (9) C"il ?,::>IQIsaa] C':l" m; Kat EV rrdourc rete 080k airrwv lfi
49:10 (9) :JitD 1QIsaa] :J,tD m6)(KaOOWV) (see NOTE)
49:11 (10-11) 'n~, \ 00' 1QIsaa] 'n~r.l1 m (see NOTE)
49:12 (II) nrn 1QIsaa m] > 4QIsad 6)

49:12 (12) 0")10 1QIsaa] 0')'0 m; IlEpaWV 6)
49:13 (12) 'lnl'El 1QIsaa] ,n[ 4QIsad ; 'lnl'El' m L 6); ,n~El' m q rnss
49:13 (12) iTm 1QIsaa] iij, 4QIsa d m

49:13 (12) enD 1QIsaa] on~ 4QIsa d ; om m 6)
49:14 (14) ')'j~"'iltlI"-",l"1' 1QIsaa] 1M, i'T1l"1' 4QIsad ; ')j~' i'T1l"1' m If)(KUpLOC K. 0 KUp.); KUp. K. 0 eEOC 6)mss
49:15 (15) '~n~tD~ 1QIsaa] 1n- m
49:16 (IS) iT).j 1QIsaa] liT m
49:16 (IS) 1'n1p'ln 1QIsaa] 1'npIJ m L
49:16 (15) 1'n1C,m 1QIsaa] 1'rv:l1n m, HI TElXTI 6)
49:17 (16) 1'J':J 1QIsaa 6)(otKOOo~TJ6tl<TlJ) a' 0] 1');1 m L
49:17 (16) 1'0"no 1QIsaa] -'00 m-
49:18 (16) 'MO 1QIsaa] '~tD m 6)
49:18 (17) ,~, 1QIsaa ] 1 ' m
49:19 (18) 1no"iT 1QIsaa] 1'noiiT m L
49:21 (20) i1?m1QIsaa] iT,) m; > e
49:21 (21) i1?~ 1- 1QIsaa] 'Ml m
49:21 (21) nrt 1QIsaa] liT m; > If)
49:22 (22) M':l1QIsaa] > m If)
49:22 (23) iTJtDJn 1QIsaa] iTJMtDJn m
49:23 (23) -m 1QIsaa] "i'T1 m If)
49:23 (24) 'run" 1QIsaa] I;WT" m L
49:24 (25) 'lnP'iT 1QIsaa] np'il m
49:24 (25) ~ l Q'lsa" 1 o~, m
49:24 (25) r"111QIsaa 6)(a8tKwc) 5 0] P'j~ m (cf v 25)
49:25 (26) ':J'tDl '" mp'?o 1QIsaa] n,p':lo, ... ':JtD m
49:25 (26) np" 1QIsaa] np'm
49:25 (26) 1':J" 1QIsaa 0] 1~'" mL(mmSS T~-)
49:26 (27) 'n"~'~' 1QIsaa] '~~il' m
49:26 (27) ,,~' 1QIsaa] 11- m
49:26 (28) ,~~u, 1QIsaa] 1"~J,m
Isaiah 50
50:1 (421) il)iT 1QIsaa] liT m (cf vv 9 bis, 11)
50:2 (2) C~ 1QIsaa] c~, m
50:2 (3) tD:J'n 1QIsaa«)(Kal ~pav6f]aOVTaL)] ~:Jn m
50: 3 (4) i1tD':J"~ 1Q Isaa] tD':J"~ m
50:4 (5) 1'11" ... "11" 1QIsaa] 1'11' ... ".\1' me
lQIsa3 TEXTUAL VARIANTS 173
50:5 (6) C'i11?M 1QIsa3 ] rrrr m

50:6 (7) C'~" 1QIsa3 ] C'O'O" m; Etc PalT(a~aTa e
50:6 (7) 'n1"OillQIsa 31l)(alTEaTpE!pa)]
'nllJ9iJ m L
50:7 (8) il.o~1 1QIsa 3 ] .tl1~1 m
50:8 (9) m'1C.o) 1Q Isa3 ] il'~.p) mL
50:8 (9) 1'"1rl' 1QIsa 3 ] ,n' m
50:9 (9-10) ilJil .. , ilJ,' 1QIsa 3
] 1il ... p1QIsabm
50:9 (10) ~'D~' 1Q Isa 3 ] C"~~' 1Q Isabm L(C"~~')
50:10 (10) ,~" 1QIsa 3
] ~" mll)(vid)
50:10 (11) 1~~ lQIsa 31l)(vid)]
l~ lQIsabm
50:10 (II) C'~1fDn lQIsa 3 ] c'~n 1QIsabm(c'~n)
50:11 (12) ilJil 1QIsa 3
] jn r QIsabm
50:11 (12) ',~o lQIsa 3m
(err for "1~0?)] '01 lQIsa b; KaL KaTLaxuETE e (= 'hr.o? "rr.o?)
50:11 (12) iln"il 1QIsa 3
] iln'il 1 QIsabmL(iln~i1}
50:11 (13) 1~n 1QIsa 3
] 11- m
Isaiah 51
51 :1 (14) ?M1 '" .,~ 1QIsa3 mll)(dc;; '" KaL dc;;)] "~1 ... .,].0 1QIsab
51:2 (15) 1il'mp 1QIsa3 ] 1'n~,p 1QIsabm
51:2 (15) \"DR1 lQIsa 3
] 1il~'::lR1 lQIsabm; KaL EiJAOYT1aa aiJTov KaL -nY<lTTT'\aa aiJTov Il)
51:3 (17) 1R~0' 1QIsa ~~O' 1QIsabm

31l)]
51:3 (17) iln)R1 11)' 0) lQIsa ] > lQIsabmll) (cf v 11) 3
51:4 (18) 1::l'fDPR 1QIsa3 ] 'pil1QIsabm

51:4 (1&) 'os) 1QIsa3 1QIsabm LII) ] O'OS) mm ss5
51:4 (18) '0'~"1 lQIsa3 1QIsab(;0~"1}mL] c'o- mlTl ss ; KaL oll3aaLAElc;; e
51:5 (19) 1.o1,r ... ,.o1,n 1QIsa 3
] ;.inr ... ;.o'ii[1 1QIsabmll)
51 :5 (19) 1'''~ 1QIsa 3
] '''R 1QIsabmll)
51:5 (19) 1,"'m' 1QIsa3 ] l''?n'' m
51:6 (19) c'oo 1QIsa 3
] 'tz)"m
51:6 (20) ilnnno 1QIsa 3 ] nrino 1QIsabm
51:6 (20) mR n~ R'::l '0 1R'1 1QIsa 3
] il"~n 'J~ r'~i11 1n"OJ 1fD.o~ C'O]rb[ '~]1 QIsabmll)
51:7 (22) cn1D'Jo01 1QIsa 3 1QIsa b(cnD'JOO1)] cnDiJ01 m
51:8 (23) C"1~Ri' 1Q I sa 3 ] C"~R" mL
51:9 (24) 'nR 1QIsa3 ] ~ mL
51:9 (24) n~mo., 1QIsa3 4QIsaC(n~n1Oil)O(percussit) (cf Job 26:12)] n~no., mll)c a'a'6'5;
> 9b(~1"il~1'?il) e
51:9 (25) ::l1m lQIsa3 ] ::l.'j'i mL
51:9 (25) C'Jn lQIsa3 ] l'm m; > e
51:10 (25) 'n~ lQIsa 3
] ~ m-
51:10 (25) 'PO.o0::l 1QIsa3 ] '.00 mil)
51: 10-11 (26) "1rD1 ////I/! 11 1QIsa 3 ] "1'D111 m; KaL AEAlJTPW~EVOLC;; 11 II)
51:11 (26) 'O'W1' 1QIsaa] p-m

51:11 (26) ilJ'i::1 1QIsaa] ilJi::1 m L
51:11 (26) C'U1 1QIsaa m4)] + ii'ii[n 4QIsac (ef 61:7)
51:11 (26) ilOiT'~tm 1QIsaa] C~~i mL
51:11 (27) ')'~' 1QIsaa] lU['~ 4QIsacm
51:11 (27) on 1QIsaa] ?Jli 4QIsac ; 'OJ, mmssa'a'; 'OJ mL ; OJ· 4)(arrE8pa)O
51:12 (28) 'n~ 1QIsaa] ~ m L
51:12 (28) 1nJ 1QIsaa] 1nJ' m
51:13 (28) 'n~n, 1QIsaa] rb~n, 4QIsac m
51:13 (29) ~ 1QIsaa] > m
51:14 (431) ili~ 1QIsaa] il~ m; > 4)
51:15 (2) '~~ 1QIsaa] ,,~, m, BTL Eyw If)
51:16 (2) C'~ 1QIsaa4)(vid)] c~i 4Qisabm(0'~~, m)
51:17 (5-6) 'n'r'\ID '" 'n'r'\ID 1QIsaa] n'n~ ... n'~ m
51:18 (6) l' ,mo 1QIsaa] m 'ilD m; 0 rrapaKaXWv af 4) (= ..Jcm? cf v 19)
51:19 (7) ilOil 1Q Isaa] ill' m
51:19 (7) '~~iP 1QIsaa] l'~iP m, aVTlKdf!Eva ooc 4) (= "ilip)
51:19 (7) ,~, 1Qisaa] l' m
51:19 (8) lenJ' 1QIsaa4)] '~ m
51:20 (9) i~'C 1QIsaalf)(f)f!LE<f>E)ov = ..J~)] i~~ m
51:21 (10) ni'D~ 1QIsaa] ni~' me
51:22 (10) l'il(')~ rrrr l'J(1)~ 1QIsaam(> rrrr mms)] KVplOC 0 6Eo<;; If)
51:22 (12) 1n1n~' 1QIsaa] i1Q'- m L
51:23 (12) ",'noo, 1QIsaa] o'n- mL
51:23 (12) 'nw '~!)J' 1Q Isaa] 'n~ 1~- m L
Isaiah 52
52:1 (14) n.l1 1Qisaa] It.l1 me
52:1 (14) 1::1 ~'::1" 1QIsaa] ".l11::1 ~::1' me
52:2 (15) 'r.np' 1QIsaa 4)(vid)5] 'lo1p 4QIsabm
52:2 (15) '::1~ 1Qisaa] 'tzl m4)(vid)
52:2 (15) ,nn£ln' 1QIsaa mL ] 'nn£lr1il mse
52:4 (17) mil' 1Qisaa] pr 'J'~ m
52:5 (18) ilC 1QIsaam Q
] '0 m-
52:5 (19) ,,,,m 1QIsaa] ""'il' m, Kat O'Ao'AU(ETE If)
52:5 (19) ~'J 1QIsaa] + i11il' me
52:6 (20) 0"::1 1QIsaalf)] pr p'? m
52:7 (21) ,,~ 1QIsaa m If)mSS(wPaLOl)a'a'e'~50] il'l[~J 4QIsa b; wpa If)ed
52:7 (21 ) .l1'OOC '" i~:JC itzl:JC 1QIsaa] i~::10 ... .l1'000 itzl:JC m4)
52:8 (22) O"P 1QIsaalf)(vid)] ,?,p 1QIsabm
52:8 (23) C'Cl'T,::l lQIsa3d)(vid)] > lQIsa bm

52:9 (23) ilm 1QIsa3] ,JJ,
1QIsabm
52:9 (24) ~ ~)' lQIsa3] ~) lQIsabm
M
52:10 (25) .I",r lQIsa3 lQIsab m] .t",f 4QIsac (cf Jer 32:21; Job 31:22)
52:10 (25) r'~il 1QIsa3] r'~ 1QIsab m
52:11 (26) ilOO:J 1QIsaa] ~[c)c!l1 QIsabm
52:11 (26) il::l1nC ,~ lQIsa3md)] > lQIsab
52:12 (28-29) ~'p' r'~' ?,::l 'il1?~ lQIsa3] > lQIsa bmd) (cf 54:5)
52:13 (441) C,," 1QIsa3d)(vid)] C,,' 1QIsa b4QIsac m
52:13 (1) il:JJ' / ~tDJ' 1QIsa3m] tr 1QIsa b
52:14 (2) 'nrwc lQIsa3] nntDc lQIsa b; mroo mL; 'tD'C mms
52:14 (2) ,,~,n, 1QIsa3m('M')] rrn 1QIsa b
52:14 (2) C'~il 1QIsa3] '~ 1QIsabm
52:15 (3) ,~~, 1QIsa31QIsab('p;?)] 'P' m
52:15 (3-4) ,~ n~, ... ,~ n~ lQIsa3] ,~]; ... ,tD~ lQIsa bm
Isaiah 53
53:1 (5) ~ lQIsaatQIsab] ?.t1 m
53:2 (6) ,? "il lQIsaa] "il lQIsa bmd)(vid)
53:2 (6-7) u,cm, ... U~'J' 1QIsa3] 1incrm ...[ 'ilJ~'J' 1QIsabm
53:3 (7) tD'~' 1QIsa3] '~ 1QIsabmd)
53:3 (7) m:J'~c 1QIsa3 m(m::l~::lc)] C':J~::lC 1QIsab
53:3 (7) .t1"" 1QIsa3d)(KaL d8Wc:)] .t1",
1QIsa b; .tm', m L
53:3 (8) 'iln:J:I11QIsaa] ilT:J:I11QIsab; ilf:JJ m
53:4 (9) 'il'J::ltDn 1QIsaa] 'ilJ- 1QIsabm
53:4 (9) il::llO' lQIsa3d)(vid)] il::lC lQIsabm
53:5 (to) ~::l"C' lQIsaalQIsab(~::l'C')d)(vid)] ~::l'C m
53:5 (to) ,o'c, 1QIsa3] 'c 1QIsabmd)(vid)
53:5 (11) ,'m'::ln::l' 1Q Isa3] ,m:Jn:J' 1Q IsabmL(inl-)
53:7 (t 3- 14) 'il'El ... 'il'El 1QIsa3 1QIsa b(1;i['El] ... 'il;El) ] "El ... "El m
53:7 (13) r11:JC? lQIsa31QIsab] n~~? m-
53:7 (13) '?n,::l 1QIsa3] '::l' 1QIsabmd)
53:7 (13) nliEl 1QIsaa] 'El' m
53:8 (14) OOtDOO, lQIsaa m] '00 lQIsabd)(vid)
53:8 (14) np,? lQIsa3m(np?)d)] ,np? lQIsa b
53:8 (15) ic.t11QIsa34QIsad ] ?;C.t1 /;C.t1 1QIsa b; '0.I1 me (see NOTE)
53:8 (15) .t1J,J lQIsa 3d)(ilX6rj)] .t1JJ lQIsa b4QIsa d ; .t1~ m L

53:8 (t 5) 1O? lQIsaalQIsa b4QIsadm] elc 6avaTOV (= mc?) d)
53:9 (16) um lQIsa3] in', 4QIsad rn y'(KaL Bwan); KaL BWaw d)
53:9 (16) 0.t1, lQIsa 3.] n.t1' lQIsa3corr;~, m
53:9 (16) m':J lQIsaa (= inr,l:;1)] "nb;1 mLG)(aVTl TOV SaVClTOU airrov)
53:9 (17) ",'E):J 1QIsaa 4QIsadO)n' -) ] "£3:J 1QIsabm
53:10 (17) 'il'~' ,to, lQIsaa] '?nil ~S[, 4QIsadm; Ku6apto"Ul airrov(= ~E)i?) Tile; TTATl'yfte; G)
53:10 (18) liM" 1QIsaa] 1']'i~' 1QIsabm; l'it\m 4QIsad
53:11 (19) i'~ lQIsaalQIsab4QIsad([,j;~)G)(add)] > m (~i' = err for rrrr II .l1:Jrlr)
53:11 (19) .l1:Jtz1', lQIsaa] .l1:J~' lQIsa bm; d;
b:Jtz1i 4QIsa Kat TTAf]aal G)·(TTAclaaL G)ed)
53:11 (19) 'ln~:J' lQIsaa] 'In.l1,:J 4QIsa m, Tfl aUVEaEL G)
d
53:11 (20) ":J.l11QIsaa (contra ',:J.l1 Burl)] ;i:J.l1 4QIsa d m; EV BoUAEVoVTa G)
53:12 (22) '~t:)n lQIsaatQIsab(;[~t:ln)4QIsadG)] ~t;)n m, r:J,n ~
53:12 (22) ilC,i'.l)t/]E)" lQIsaalQIsab(ai'-)4QIsad(O~i'-)G)] O'.l1- ma'
Isaiah 54
54:1 (23) ~", 1· lQIsaa 4QIsad(~,,)] ~, lQIsa bmG)
54:1 (23) iiJ" lQIsaa] iiJ' lQIsab4QIsadmL(iiJ'l )
54:1 (23) ~", 2· lQIsaa] ~, me
54:2 (24) ':J'n'~ lQIsaa] 'iil lQIsa b4QIsadmG)
54:2 (24) ';,&;ln~ lQIsaa] 1'- 4QIsadm
54:2 (25) 'c:l' 1 QIsaaG)('TTft~ov)] ,c:l' m
54:2 (25) ~, 1QIsaa] ,~ mG)(vid)
54:3 (26) 1tz1,,, 1QIsa" 1QIsab] tz1i" m
54:4 (27) ~(')' ... ~(')';l 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] > G)
54:4 (27) ~, 1 QIsaam(';l~')G)(vid)] ,~ 1QIsab
54:4 (28) ',i£lnn 1QIsaa] [']iE3nn 1QIsab; 'i'E)nn m
54:4 (28) "':lm 1QIsaa] ',;,m 1QIsabmL('i:;nn)
54:5 (45 I) ';,';l.l1:J 1Q Isaa] l".l1:J m; KUpLOC G)
54:5 (t) ';'~1J1 lQIsaa] 1';l~'J' lQIsabm('~J')
54:5 (2) mp' lQIsaa] ~'P' me
54:6 (2-3) ntz1~, '" (~)';' lQIsaam] OUX ... oUB' We; yUVaLKa G)
54:6 (3) mil' 2· 1Q Isaa] > me
54:7-8 (4-5) .l1J1i ... .l1J'i:J lQIsaa] .l1Ji '" .l1J,:J 4QIsadm L(.l1n ... .l1rp)
54:8 (5) 'ion:J' lQIsaa4QIsac5] ion:J' mG)a'
54:8 (5) ':l~'J lQIsaa] 1'~J m
54:9 (6) oO;:l 1QIsaa] '0';' m; drro TOV VOOTOC G)
54:9 (6) i1.l1 n(')J '0 ,(,):J.l10 lQIsaam] UUT<\i EV T<\i Xp6vl.[l EKElVl.[l G)
54:9 (7) i1.l1 1QIsaall)] > m

54:10 (8) iiJ't:)1OM lQIsaa] ilJc:l,on m
54:10 (9) ';:)ooiC 1QIsaa] 1- m
54:11 (to) rrmc 1QIsaa] ilijilc[ 4QIsad m(ill.wb m L) a' a'; Kat aKUTciaTUToe; G); tempestate convulsa
(= rrrnc ill-¥9?) 0
54:11 (to) l'm,1C" lQIsaaG)(vid)] 1'l'l'"1O" m
54:12 (1 I) mp'~ lQIsaa] nip,~mL
54:13 (12) ':l'J':J 1QIsaa] l'J:J me (2')

54:14 (13) 'JJ1:lm 1QIsaa] ':In m
54:15 (14) ilJil 1QIsaa] Jil m
54:15 (14) O:lR 1QIsaa (err)] OE)R 4QIsacm (add?); > G}S
54:15 (14) 'nRC 1QIsaa4QIsac] 'n'RC m (err?)
54:15 (14) iJ' 1QIsaa] iJ m
54:15 (IS) ,?,El' 1QIsaa] ?,El' 4QIsacm; KaTa<j>Eu~oVTm G}
54:16 (IS) ilJil 1QIsaamq ] lil m L
54:16 (IS) rDirl 1QIsaam] OE DUX ~ XaN<:EVc; G}
54:16 (16) 'il'irDDC? 1QIsaa] '~- m
54:16 (16) ':lUR 2' 1QIsaa] 'R' mG}(vid)
54:16 (16) rrnee 1QIsaam] OE oUt<: elc CLlTWAElaV G}
54:17 (17) rl?~' 1QIsaa] + 'D'rDin OOrDC? lnR C'pJn l'rD? (m ?:l,)?,:l, 4QIsacm; + KaLm'ioa <pwvf] ~ dva-
oTf]oETm hTL OE elc KptOLV rrdvrcc ailToVc; TtTTf]OELt: ol BE Evoxot oou EooVTaL EV AUrru G}
Isaiah 55
55:1 (18-19) RC~ ?('):l "il 1QIsaam] ol BL!/JWVTEt: e
55:1 (19) 'i':JrD 1QIsaa (hapl?)] ~i:;l~ ,:l?, '?:lR' ~i:;l~ m L4QIsaC(vid) (add + ditt?); ayopaoaTE KaL
lTtETE G}
55:1 (20) :J?rl1 1QIsaa] :J70' mLa'o'; KaL oTEap (= :J7lJ1) G}
55:2 (20) ,?,prDn 1QIsaa4QIsac] '?p,rqn m L
55:2 (20) OO? R'?:J 1QIsaam] > G}
55:2 (21) ilD:JrD 1QIsaa] 'rD? m
55:2 (21) '?':lR' 1QIsaa] '?:lR' 4QIsaCmO?=?~1 m L)
55:3 (22) 'Doo, 1QIsaa] 'rD m, ElTaKOOOaTE uou e
55:3 (22) (il)C:lrDElJ 1QIsaa1QIsab4QIsacm] pr EV aya601.t: G) (cf v 2)
55:3 (22) nli:lR' lQIsaa] iln'i:lR' 4QIsac; fr[ 1QIsab; ilni:lR' m
55:3 (23) 'ion 1QIsaalQIsabm] Tn aOLa G}
55:4 (23) ilJillQIsaa] Jil1QIsabm
55:4 (23) 'l.i'nnJ 1QIsaa4QIsac] ,'nnJ 1QIsabm
55:5 (24) nrt 1QIsaa] Jill QIsab4QIsac m, > G}
55:5 (24) lnpn Din 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] t:l8noav OE ElTLKaAEooVTat Of e
55:5 (24) R'? 1 QIsaa4QIsaC{~['1?)m{R?)] ~[?l irDR 1QIsa b
55:5 (24-25) f'i' '" il:lDi' lQIsaa] '~'ti, ,.. l'Di' lQIsabm; I ... il:liDi' 4QIsac
55:5 (25) rrrr lQIsaa1QIsab()i1')m] > e
55:5 (25) rD'iP", 1QIsaacorrlmm('p?i)] rDiip,lQIsaa·lQIsab
55:6 (26) 'rDiii 1QIsaa] ~cDl'1 m L
55:6 (26) rrrr 1QIsaam] TOV 6EOV lfi
55:6 (26) 'R~Cil:J lQIsaalQIsab{'~c[il:J)mo'{aTE EuptoKETm)O] R~[c.i:J 4QIsac; KaL EV T4) EuptOKELV
ailTov lfi
55:6 (26) 7 :J'iP 1n1'i1:J 1Qfsa- 1QIsabm] TtvtKa 8' av Eyyt(U u~I.V e
55:7 (28) n,'?o? 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] + Ta< (qJ.apTla< VIJ.WV 6)
55:8 (28) ~'n':llzmo 'n'O~o 1QIsaam6)(ai. ~OUAal uou WUTTEp al ~UAat vlJ.wv)] 'n::lfZmO ~~n::l~n]6
1QIsab
55:9 (461) il:l1,'O 1QIsaa6)] 'il:::lJ 1QIsabm; wt; aTTExn 6)
55:9 (2) (il)O~'n(')::lmOO / 'n(')J~nO' 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] tr 6)
55:10 (4) ?,~? 1QIsaa] ?~~? 1QIsab; ?:;:?k7 m L ; elc f3pWaLV (= ?~k?) 6)
55:11 (5) CP'i '?~ 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] > 6)
55:11 (6) ('n-1QIsab),'nm~ i~ (>m)~ n'?~m1QIsaa1QIsabm] Kat EUOOOOW Tat; 68ou<: oou Kat
Ta EVTaAj.!aTa IJ.OU 6)
55:12 (7) ,~~ 1QIsaam] p~~ 1QIsab
55:12 (7) D?n 1QIsaa] i'?::lm 1QIsabm; 8looxef]um6E (= "o?n) 6) (Ziegler l XI errs)
55:12 (7) il~':JEl? 1QIsaa 1 QIsab(~- )m(~-)] TTpoa&X0IJ.EVOl vlJ.a< 6)
55:12 (7) ilJ'i 1QIsaa] ilJi 1QIsab; iln m L
55:12 (8) ~,no' 1QIsaa] ,'no' 1QIsab; ,~no' m
55:12 (8) rp 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] TOL< KM80l< 6)
55:13 (8) mn, 1QIsaa1QIsabmQmss6)] nnn m L
55:13 (9) O'~ 1QIsaa] O'il 1QIsabm
55:13 (9) rrn 1QIsaa] il'm1QIsabm
55:13 (9) mil'? 1QIsaa 1QIsabm6)ed(KUpl41)] KUpLO< 6)ABQSmss
55:13 (9) OO?, m~? 1QIsaa] m~? OO? 1QIsabm; elc avolJ.a Kat elc aTJlJ.ELOV 6)
55:13 (9) n;~' ~(')? 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] Kat OUK EKMlqsn 6)
Isaiah 56
56:1 (10) ~'~ 1QIsaa] > 1QIsabm6) (cf v 4)
56: 1 (10) 'i1C~ 1QIsaa] 'iOO 1QIsabmOi9~ m L )
56:2 (12) n??nO 1QIsaa] ,??nO 1QIsabm; 1J.l1 f3E~llAow 6)
56:2 (12) ",. 1QIsaa6)(vid)] ", 1QIsabm(i" m L )
56:3 (13) ?~ i: 1QIsaa6)] ~, 1QIsabm
56:3 (13) mil' ?~ 1QIsaam] mil'?.11 1QIsab (ef v 6)
56:3 (14) ilJ.' 1QIsaa] lil 1QIsabm;
> 6)
56:3 (14) '~'lJ~ 1QIsaa] 'J~ 1QIsa bm
56:4 (14) (~)'~ 1QIsaatQIsabm] > ~ (ef v 1)

56:4 (15) 'i1CrzT' 1QIsaa] ~i~ m L
56:4 (15) 1i1n::l" 1QIsaa] ,in::l' 1QIsabm
56:5 (16) [Xl' " 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] TOTTOV 6v0lJ.aUTOv 6)
56:5 (16) nm iO' 1QIsaa] mDt.i, 1QIsabm

56:5 (17) ilOn? 2' 1QIsaa~(vid)] ,? 1QIsabm
56:6 (17) ~ 1QIsaa] ?.111QIsabm (efv 3)
56:6 (17) mil' 1QIsaa] + mil' c~ ~ il:J.~?' mirb? 1QIsabm e
56:6 (18) C',:JD? lQIsaa1QIsabm] + Kat 8oUAa< ~
1QIsa3 TEXTUAL VARIANTS 179
56:6 (18) n:l~il n~ O'iO'~' mil' 00 ~ 1i::l'" 1QIsa3] rorD i~ ,,~ lQIsabm; KaL rrdvrnc TOU<;
epUXaOOOIJ.EVOUC; TO. oa~I3(1T(i uou ti
56:6 (18) ;,1,,,"0 1QIsa3] ''',,"0 1QIsabm; IJ.TJ f3€13T]AOW e
56:7 (20) ' 'D'ilOil'n::ln 1QIsa3q;mss (cf Isa 60:7)] c.,'n::ln 1QIsa b4QIsaimQ;msSO; KaL 6oo(aL airrwv
EooVTaL e, 11pom l'il'~P recn Q;
56:7 (21) ilip' 1QIsa3] ~iP' 1QIsabm
56:8 (21) mil' ')(')'~ 1QIsa3m] KUpLOC; e
56:8 (22) ""D
"~::lp)';l 1QIsa3m] ,~)';l 1QIsa b; Elf' airrov owaywyTW e
56:9 (22) n,'n ... iT"W n,'n 1QIsa3ti] ,n"n .., ~'lZ11n'n 1QIsab; 'In'n ... ,,~ 'In'n m
56:9 (22) ",~, 1QIsa3] ,,~ 1QIsabmti
56:10 (23) "El'~ 1 QIsa3mq(1'El~)] ~~ m L ; tSHE (= ~El~) e
56:10 (23) 'D1' 1QIsa31QIsabm] + eppovilom ti (cfv 11)
56:10 (23) ilOiT 1QIsa3] > 1QIsabm
56:10 (24) o'nn 1QIsa3 mm ss ti(EVUTTVLa( OIJ-EVOL) a '(epaVTa ( .)O' O(v iden tes vana) cf 5 1 0'Ti1 lQIsabm
(cf Kutscher, LLBIS, 235)
56:10 (24) O'::l'il~ 1Q Isa3] '::J.'~ m
56:11 (25) O'D'iil 1QIsa3] O'Di 1QIsabm (= viTDi); lfOVTjPOL (= -.J DDi) esc
56:11 (25) k'~PO 'D~::l" 1QIsa3 lQIsabm] KaTo. TO aUTO e
56:12 (26) hab v 12 1QIsa31QIsabma'o'8'] > ti
56:12 (26) il::lO)' ... np)' lQIsa3] iT~::lO)' ... np~ lQIsa b; iT~::lO)' ... iTnp~ m
56:12 (26) 'il" 1QIsa3] rrrn 1QIsabm
56:12 (26) om 1QIsa3 1
01'] 1QIsabm
56:12 (26) inc, 1QIsa3] 'C m
Isaiah 57
57:1 (27) P"~' 1QIsa3] 'il 1QIsabm; tSHE We; (, 8(KaLOC; e
57:1 (27) 'OMiT 1Q Isa3] -n m
57:2 (28) ~'::l" 1QIsa3] '~'::l' 1Qfsa"; ~'::l' m, EO'TaL e
57:2 (28) ,'m~~c 'D,n1)" lQIsa3] (m cn,::l-)cn:DW[ ".t1 -r lQIsabm; ~ TaepTJ airrov e
57:2 (471) iTn~l) l'''iT lQIsa3] iTn~) l"'iT 1QIsa in,~ l~h m L ; 1}pTaL EK TOU IJ.EOOU e
b;
57:3 (2) '::l'iP 1QIsa3] '::liP 1Qfsa!'; '::llP m L

57:4 (2) "1'1 1QIsa3ti] "!l lQIsabm
57:4 (3) "',, lQIsa3] "I
tmL
57:5 (3) O'''~::l o'omiT 1QIsa3m] oi rrapaKaAOUVTEc; ErrL TO. EtOOAa ti
57:5 (3) ",~ lQIsa3m('~)] > e
57:5 (4) 'El~ 1QIsa3] 'Elro m
57:6 (4) "m 'p,n:l lQIsa3m] > e
57:6 (4) iT~P,," 1QIsa3] 1P"n 4QIsa i m(lP70 m L )
57:6 (4-5) iTCil iT~ lQIsa3] c., J:JiT 4QIsa i m; EKdVT] ... obroc ti
57:6 (5) il~'?i'J 1QIsa3] l~liJ m L
57:6 (5) iln~~ 1 QIsa3] l'l~~~ m L
57:6 (5) iln'~JJiI 1QIsaa] !;1'7¥oJ mL

57:6 (5) cn)M m~ ~lm 1QIsaarn] hTt TOlrrOlC;; oW OUK 6p'Yl(Jef)ao~aL ~
57:7 (6) r.oq] 1QIsaam] EKEL e
57:7 (6) il;:':J:)q]1:l 1QIsaa] l~O m L
57:8 (7) il;:,m;:,r ilr.oq] 1QIsaa] 1J11pr n!:lq] 4QIsai m(l~ii~t i;lQUJ mL)
57:8 (7-8) mn-(M)';:I 1QIsaam] $>v on EaV alT' E~ov alTooTijc;; 1TAELOV Tl E~ELC;; TJ'YulTT]C1ac;; TOVc;;
KOL~W~EVOUC;; ~fTn aoD ~
57:8 (7) iln'~) 1QIsaa] n'~~rnL

57:8 (7) "'.un, 1QIsaa] '~.un, rn
57:8 (7) 'In,,;:In, 1QIsaa] rrom m
57:9 (8) 100:J 1~0~ 'irDm 1QIsaarn] Kat E1TAi]6vvac; Ti)v rropvetnv oou ue-r' aUTwv ~
57:9 (8) l'np'i 1QIsaa] l'MR"1 rnL; TOVC;; ~aKpnv Cl1TO aov (= "pni; cf 9b) 6)
57:9 (9) ~'1OOn, 1QIsaa] '~'£XDm m; K~t U1TEaTpEljJac;; Kat halTElvW6rJc; 6)
57:10 (9) 1';:1" 1QIsaa~] 1~'l1 m L
57:10 (9) 1" rrn rD~'J 1QIsaa4QIsadm] lTaooo~aL Evlaxuouaa 6)
57:10 (9) nl'1:l 1QIsaa] ~l'I:l m
57:10 (10) n'~n 1QIsaa4QIsad(nl;~n)] n'71J rnL; KaTE8Ei]8r)c;; (= n'~r:r) e
57:11 (10) ~, 1QIsaa] -~1 mL; cru (i;1~(1»~
57:11 (10) 'J'M,'n, 1QIsaa] '~i'm 4QIsadm6)Cl:50
57:11 (10) 'rnrD ~,~, 'ni;:lr 1QIsaa] nI:l!D"" rror 4QIsadm(i;19V " ? i;1i~t m L)
57:11 (11) n?M 1QIsaa] > 4QIsadmCl:O; ~E 6)5
57:11 (11) il;:':J~ 1QIsaa] 1~7 rn; etc Ti)v ou8E Etc Ti)v Kap8lav oou 6)ed (OG or confl?)
8LUVOLaV
57:11 (11) (C'(i70' mL)C~lI)O' ilrDnO 1QIsaa4QIsa drn] oe t8wv 1TapopW (= C7.;>0) 6)
57:12 (11 ) 1np~ 1QIsaam] 1P'~ 4QIsa Ti)v 8lKaLOOWr]V uou 6)5(aou \BS"mss OL y'); iustitiam tuam 0
d;
57:12 (11 ) l'rD.uo 1QIsaam] Tn KaKU oou 6) (see previous)
57:12 (12) l'l':J'P 1QIsaa] > 4QIsadrn6) oty'Cl:50 (see next)
57:13 (12) l'l':J,P 1QIsaa5] l'l':jp 4QIsad; T~'JP mn, EV Tfj 6AlljJEL cou (= l(')P'~:J) 6); l'iprD ',:J.lJ Cl:
57:13 (13) np" 1QIsaa] " m
57:13 (13) nem 1QIsaa] ilOMil1 4QIsadm(ilO,nil1)6)
57:14 (14) iOM'" 1QIsaa] ,~, rncr'; Kat Epovm 6); et dicam 0
57:14 (14) n?OOil 1QIsaa] > me
57:14 (14) 'lJEl 1QIsaarn] alTO lTpocrW1TOU aUTov (= '~(O)?) 6)
57:15 (14) ~(');:I 1QIsaam] > 6)
57:15 (15) -;OM 1QIsaam] + KUpLOC 6)
57:15 (15) rD"P' 1QIsaam(1 0)] clyLOc;; €v Q'YlOlC;; 6)
57:15 (15) 'OrD 1QIsaa4Q Isadm] + KUpWC;; e
57:15 (15) p;:,ro' q]"p:J' C"O:J 1QIsaa] prD' rD"P' C"1:l 4QIsad; p;:,ro~ (rDiP1 rnmS)r,,,,p' r:J"0 m, uljJlaToc;;
EV Q'YLOlC;; uvalTaOOO~EVOC;; 6); .x...'l.DCl n::n..~ ffiJtt.:::7.l 5; in exeelso et in saneto habitans 0
57:15 (16) n1'M~' ... n1'M~ 1QIsaa] n1'nil~' ... li1'nil~ 4QIsadrn
57:16 (16) ~('P 1" 1QIsaam] > e
57:16 (17) ~(1)C:l.lJ' ("~O.lJII) 1QIsaa4QIsadrn] E~EAEucrfTal (= "~O.lJI?) e
1QIsa' TEXTUAL VARIANTS 181
57:17 (17) 1.11~:l 1QIsa'4QIsadm] I3paxv Tl II)

57:17 (17) "1nOt,~, 1 QIsa'4QIsad(~,)] "1r'lc" 1QIsabm; Kat ChTE:UTpEljJa TO lTpOOWlT6v ~OU drr' airroD 11);
l'ilJO 'nJ"CO n'p'~o ~ (pr waw ~ms); ~dl,(C1 5; abscondi 0(+ ate faciem meam omss)
57:17 (17) il!)'~P~' 1QIsa'] ~~P~' 1QIsa b4QIsadmL; ~~P' mms; Kat EAvrn'JOr1I1); l'J'n~'C:l'?cl, ~
57:17 (18) '::J~ 1QIsa'] '::J~ m; airroD II)
57:18 (18) "", 1QIsa'mIl)50] "" 4QIsad~(vid) (orth or var?)
57:18 (18) 'il~!)'~' 1QIsaa] + 'ilm~i[ 1QIsabm; Kat lTapEKclAEUa airrov (= "em; see next) II)
57:18 (18) ~,~ e'o,mn ~,~ e~~, 1QIsa'] ,~ e;6m (C~~' m)ilo~, 1QIsabm; Kat l8wKa airr4i lTapcl-
KATJUl v ciATJSWTW II)
57:19 (19) C'~CO ::J'J ili':l::J 1QIsa'] 'CO ::J;J rrrc 4QIsad; 'CO (:l'J mq)::J'J ~"::J mLlI)mssa'u'(sub *)S'; > II)
57:19 (19) c,~ 1QIsaa] C;~[CO ]C;l;llb 1QIsabmll)(dpi)VT]v ElT' dpi)VT]v)
57:19 (19) ::J"P~' 1QIsa'1QIsabmll)] ::J"P'~' 4QIsad
57:19 (19) 'il'n!)" 1QIsa'] ,,~;, 4QIsad; 1'n~!)i' m
57:20 (20) 'CO,Jn' ,l;l", ... 'CD1JJ 1QIsa' (vid; contra'n'1 ~", Burl)] ,co]1J', ~", ... [?CO)S;j 1QIsab;
1CD1J" ~:n' ... ~[JJ 4QIsadm; KAU8wvlU8i)UOVTaL ... BUV'l')uoVTal II)
57:20 (20) C:l'P~~ 1QIsa' (~ over a; contra C:l'pCO~l;l Burl)] C:lpm 4QIsadm
57:20 (20) C:l'C:l'-'CD1J(n') 1QIsa'lQIsab4QIsad(vid)m] > II) (add?)
57:21 (20) 1'~' 1QIsa'] '~ m
57:21 (21) 'il1l;l~ 1QIsa' 1 QIsab(');i~)mL('il~~)] il1il' mmss; KVpLOC: 6 SE6£; 11); 6 SE6£; II)mss
Isaiah S8
58:1 (22) ~~ 1QIsa'm] ~~'1 QIsabll)
58:1 (22) i!)'CO' 1QIsa'mll)] ,!)'COP' 1QIsa b
58:1 (22) ilOil'DCO!) 1QIsa'lI)] C.I1CO!) 1QIsabm
58:2 (23) 'm~ 1QIsa'lQIsab('~)4QIsad('n~)II)]'~, m~50
58:2 (23) er e,' 1QIsa'] C,' e,' 1QIsab4QIsadm~; i]~E:pav EC i]~E:pac: II)
58:2 (23) 'co",' 1QIsa'] l1CD';[' lQIsabm
58:2 (24) 'il1~~ 1QIsa'] 1'i1~~ 1QIsabm
58:2 (24) ,~em' lQIsa'] 1,~!)n' lQIsabm
58:3 (24) ilC~ 1QIsa' 1QIsabm] pr AEyOVTEC: II)
58:3 (25) u'mCO!)J lQIsa'lQIsa b(1J'nrD!)J)II)] 'Jcom m
58:3 (25) ~,l;l, 2 1 QIsa'm(~l;l')1I) ] ~l;l 1QIsab
0
58:4 (26) ilJil 1QIsa'] lil 1QIsabm; el II)
58:4 (26) ~~ol;l, ::J,,!;llQIsa'1QIsab(~c!;l1 :l'i!;l) ] ii~1 :l'i!;l m

58:4 (26) ~i'J:l lQIsa'] ~'J~:l lQIsabmL(~"~~:l)
58:4 (26) sroi lQIsa'lQIsabm ] TUTIHVQV (= rzil < "'rzi1i cf 1 Sam 18:23) e
58:4 (26) ~,l;l 1 QIsa'm(~~)] ~!;l, 1QIsa b
58:4 (26) .I1'oo!;llQIsa'] .I1'O\Zli1!;llQIsabm
58:5 (27) e,' lQIsa'm] C," lQIsabll)
58:5 (27) 10J1~' 1QIsa'] lOJ~' 1 QisabmLqi:q~); We; KPlKOV II)
58:5 (27) 'CO~'i lQIsa'm('~i)] lCO~' l Q'Isa"; TOV TpclXTJMv cou II)
58:5 (28) ptD lQIsaalQIsab] ptD1 me

58:5 (28) 1~ipn lQIsaa4QIsadlf)Q:S] ~ipn lQIsa bmO
58:5 (28) C1' C'~ lQIsaalQIsab] C," C1~ m; VIlC1T€LaV If)
58:5 (28) miT'? 1QIsaalQIsabm] > If)
58:6 (28) itD~ C1~il 1QIsaa] C1~ 1QIsabm If)(vid)
58:6 (29) 'nin~ lQIsaalQIsabm] Eyw E~€AE~clllT)v AiY€l KVpWC: If)
58:6 (29) inm 1QIsaa] -n 1QIsabm; 8LclAUE If)
58:6 (29, I) ilC!l(1)0 ... ilC!l(1)0 lQIsaalQIsa bm] I3LaLwvaUVaAAaYllclTwv ... aU'Yypa</>T}v d8LKOV If)
58:6 (29) rf?tD1 1QIsaamQ:S] 'tD 1QIsa b4QIsadlf) a'O
58:6 (481) 'prun 1QIsaalQIsabm] 8Lclarra 1f)0
58:7 (I) ~'?jj lQIsaa1QIsa bm] > If)
58:7 (1) C"1ll1' 1QIsaa] C"J.I1 1QIsa b; C'~+U1 mL ; > 5
58:7 (2) 'D 1QIsaa] > lQIsabmlf)
58:7 (2) ii:::>itD::J01 1QIsaa 1QIsab(li-)m(li-)] Kat arro TWV OlKElWV oou If).; Kat drro TWV OlKElWV TOU
C1TrEPllaTOs aou If)ed mss (dbl)
58:7 (2) ?.I1m lQIsaa (err?)] C?.I1M lQIsabm; irrr€p{$J If)
58:8 (2) il:::>n:m~' 1QIsaam(ln:::>i~1)] In:::>'i~ 1QIsa b
58:8 (3) '1::D' 1Q'Isa" 1QIsablf)] '1:1:::> m
58:8 (3) mil' 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] ToD ewu If)
58:9 (3) mil'1 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] Kat 6 eEOC If)
58:9 (3) mtDn 1QIsaam] .I1';1tDn 1QIsa b; ETL AaAOVvTOC aou If)
58:9 (4) m?~" lQIsaalf)(vid)] n'?tD 1QIsabm(n7vi m L )
58:10 (4) il:::>tDm 1QIsaamL(ltD£lJ)] lon? mmsss; TOV dpTOV EK lPuxflc: oov If)
58:10 (5) C'i'~:::> lQIsaa] C'ii1~:::> 1QIsabm(C:lo.~P m L )
58:11 (5) mil'il:::>m1 lQIsaalQIsab(l-)m(l-)] Kat faTal 6 eEOC oou IlETa aou If)
58:11 (6) mru~:lIQIsaa (phon err?)] m~n~b 1QIsabm(mn-); Ka6ci.rrEp E1TL6UIlEl If)
58:11 (6) jJl'mo~.I1' 1QIsaalQIsab(l'no-)m L(l'MO-)] 1t;1Q~.g1 mmss
58:11 (6) ~ 1QIsaa1QIsab{1~n')] r?n'm
58:11 (7) "0'0 lQIsaalQIsabmlf)(uBwp)] + Kat Ta OaTQ oou We 130TclVll avaTEAEl Kat. mav6f]aETaL
Kat KAT)poVOIll1aouaL yEVEac: YEVEWV If)mss
58:12 (7) l ' (~iP' 1QIsabm)'~ip' co'pn ... U:I, 1QIsaa1QIsabm] Kat OlK080flTJ6f]aoVTaL ... Kat. EaTaL
... Kat KAT)6f]CTlJ If)
58:12 (7) :I:IWO lQIsaam(:I:ltDO)] :I'tDO l Olsa>; TOUc: ava
IlEaOV (= :I':lOO·?) If)
58:12 (8) n:ltD? lQIsaalQIsa b] n:;V? m ; rraOO€lC: (= n~tll?) If) (see next)
L
58:13 (9) n:ltDO 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] n:ltDilO 4QIsa n ; arro TWV aal3(3<lTwv If)
58:13 (9) mDDO 1QIsaa4QIsan(mtDDO)If)Q:mss ] n1tDD 1QIsabmQ:
58:13 (9) il:::>'~£ln 1QIsaam(l'~£ln)lf)] l~£ln 1QIsa b6' SyhQ:SO (orth or var?)
58:13 (9) (ii)~iP1 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] nip' 4QIsan
58:13 (9-10) ,::DO m.,' tD',P?'
1QIsaalQIsa bQ:m s s ] '0 " ro"P? mQ:; ':00 [4QIsa n ; aYla T4J 6E4J aov
If)oms(et sanctum ... 0)
58:13 (10) 1m::D' 1QIsaa 1QIsabmSO] iln::D' 4QIsan ; > If); ip'n Q:
58:13 (10) il~'~i' lQIsaa4QIsan(1'-)m(T-)6't>] 1~i' lQIsabcr:S; TOV rr68a oou it) (orth or var?)
58:13 (10) ~,~o, 1QIsaacr:t>(et non invenitur)] '00 1QIsabm6'cr:ms,; ]oAo 4QIsa"; OUK ... Err' lpY41
it)5( 'l..::Udl .Gn)
58:13 (10) i:1' i:1" 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] omE AaAl1aElC; AOYOV EV 6pytj EK TOU aT0f.LaT6c oou it)
58:14 (10) m1m lQIsaatQIsabm] elTQ rrE1Tol6Wc; it)
58:14 (11) il~:1'~im 1Q Isa- 1Q Isa b(1:1-)4Q I san(i~iii[, )cr:(1)"tU")it)(Kat clva13Ll3Qa€l aE)] Tn~io"
m6'5(~;r<'l)0
58:14 (II) 'nO':1 1QIsaa] 'nr.l:1 1QIsabm q ; 'n1O:l mL ; Errt Ta clya6a (= ':1W:1-?) it)
58:14 (11) il~"'~" lQIsaa~(l/lw\-llEl aE)cr:S] 1'n"~~mlQIsab4QIsa"(TmS[~i11)mo
Isaiah 59
59:1 (12) ~,., nrt lQIsaa] ~"lil lQIsa bm; \-IT) OUK e
59:1 (12) ,')r~ ,,~ lQIsaa] m~ i11~ lQIsabmit)
59:2 (12) C~ ~'~ 1 QIsaam('~)] '~1 QIsa b
59:2 (13) p" 1QIsaam] 1':1, 1QIsab
59:2 (13) ,,'no., 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] clrrEaTpEl/l€ e
59:3 (14) 1".I1:1 1QIsaa] ,ptU 'i::1' e;,'n1neJro l"l1:1 1 QIsabm~
59:4 (14) i1i1p lQIsaa] ~i'P lQIsabm(~ip)
59:4 (15) "''',i11 ", m.,., i::1" ... ,nO::1 1QIsaa] "''''il' ... 'iil ... ,,::1, ... ,nO::1 1 QIsab~ (3 pl);
,''',m .. , nil ,::1" .. , mO::1 m (inf abs)
59:4 (15) ,tU lQIsaa (cf Job 15:31)] ~1rD lQIsabm
59:5 (15) C']'.I1D~ lQIsaa~ ]']'.I1D~ lQIsabm
59:5 (16) '.I1p::1' 1QIsaa] ,.I1P::1 1QIsabm
59:5 (16) 1)'" 1QIsaa] ']i~' 1QIsabm
59:6 (17) ,o~' lQIsaa] ,0pn'IQIsa bm
59:6 (17) C."El~::1 con (,?.pEl, lQIsabm L)'?1mEl' lQIsaalQIsa bm] > it)
59:7 (18) ~'P) 1QIsaa 1QIsab(~[']pi)m('p])] > e
59:7 (19) cern 1QIsaa] > m~
59:8 (19-20) ilOil 'n1::1'ro 1QIsaa] Cil'n1:1'ro me
59:8 (20) 1"'il 1QIsaa] 1i' m
59:8 (20) il:llQIsaamL ] C:l mmsit)(vid) sec Syh
59:9 (21) ni;lEl~::1 1 QIsa~] n'''El~::1 m; EV clWplQ.~; ~C1 SO
59:10 (21) tUtUJ.J (1") 1QIsaa] i1rDtUJ.J m; l/Jr]Aact>l1aOUO"LV e
59: 10-11 (22) II? ilom 11 ? C'["1'm lQIsaa] ilom 11 c'no~ m, W<; clrr06v(jaKoVTEc; aTEva~OOOlV 11 it)
59:11 (23) C')"~ 1QIsaa] ';" m
59:11 (23) i1li1J ~ili1 lQIsaa] ill':l i1l' m; TIOpEWOVTal it)
59:11 (23) il.I1'tU'." 1QIsaa] '., m; oormptc e
59:12 (24) ~':ll1 i:l'n~om lQIsaa] i1n:ll1 ,)'m~om mL ; i1nJ.I11Jn~trlm mmss; Kat nl UflapTtaL T)f.LWv
clVTEa11laav ~
59:13 (24) ,.I1'tUEl 1Q Isaa I .I1tUEl m, 1\aE13TjaaflEv e
59:13 (24.25) i11i1'::1 ron;" 1QIsaam] Kat El/lEuaaf.LE6a it)
59:13 (25) ,,:l,' 1QIsaa] ':l' m; EAaAllaallEv 16

59:13 (25) M1J", 1QIsaa] 1J", 1'i1 m; EKlJoIlEV Kat EIlEAEnlaallEV 16
59:14 (25) J'OM1 1QIsaa] JO", m, Kat UlTEanlaallEV 6)
59:14 (26) iT?a1, 1QIsaam] KaTava>"w&!l (= "~'M? ef Lev 6:3; Deut 4:24) 6)
59:15 (27) ~'1rn70 ,11'iO 1QIsaam] Ti)v 8Lavmav TOU aUVLEVaL (= ~'~i10 .I1'0? ef 28:9) 16
59:15 (28) rM M" 1QIsaam(rM ")6)] r~S 4QIsae
59:16 (28) C01ntD'1 1QIsaam] Kat KaTEVOTJaE 6)
59:16 (29) 1'np'~1 1QIsaa] 1np~' m. Kat Til EAETlIlOOWu 16
59:16 (29) i{i1}rooo 1QIsaa] 1i1n;:)OO m, EaTTJPlaaTO 6)
59:17 (29) 1'tDM1':l 1QIsaa] '1fZ1M':l m
59:17-18(491-2) 0~'(2°)-nfZ1(1):l"n 1 Olsa-m ] Kat TO lTEpLI36AaLOV 18 wt; aVTalTOOWaWV aVTalTOOOaLV ovn8oc;
To'k lrrrEVaVTlOLl; 16
59:19 (2) 1M'''1 1QIsaam L6) <"M")] ~Ml'l mmss <"i1M,)
59:19 (2) 1"1~ 1QIsaa] 1"~ m, pr TO ovolla 6)
59:20 (3) 11'~ "M 1 QIsaa] )1'~" m; EfVEKEv ~LWV 6)
59:20 (3) :l(1)p.I1':l .I1tDE) ':ltD?1 1Q Isaam] Kat alTOOTpEljJEL aaE13das alTO I aKw13 6)
59:20 (3) rrrr CM(1)J 1QIsaa1QIsabm] > 6) (see v 21)
59:21 (4) cnM 1QIsaammss6)(airrolt;)CWSyh] cn1M m-
59:21 (4) 'n1'1 1QIsaa] " 1QIsabm6)
59:21 (4) '1fZ110' 1QIsaam] tD{1j6; 1QIsab; E:KAl1TlJ 6)
59:21 (5) (i1),.o,r .I1ir 'E)01 1QIsaa1QIsabm] > 6)
59:21 (5) iln.oo 1QIsaa] pr rrrr 10M 1QIsabm; pr EtlTE yap KUpLOt; 6) (see v 20)
Isaiah 60
60:1 (6) "1M '01P 1QIsaa1QIsabm] cPWTl(OU cPWTl(OU IEpoooaATJIl 6)
60:1 (6) ,,~ lQIsaa] '"lQIsabml6
60:2 (6) "E),m 1QIsaam] '.I1", 1QIsab
60:3 (7) 0""0' ... 0'(M)1J lQIsa3 1 Q I s abm] 13aaLAELt; ... E9v'r] 16
60:3 (7) ,JJ" 1QIsaa] i1JJ" m, Til
AalllTpOTTJTl aou 6)
60:4 (8) i1JOMn lQIsaam] jiJ'tDJn lQIsabl6(ap(h1aovTaL)
60:5 (8) 'Min lQIsaa1QIsa bm L6)(ToTEo!/JTJ)] 'M,'n mmss (orth or var? see next)
60:5 (8) ,jiJ1 1QIsaa] ,nE)1 rrnn 1QIsabm; Kat cPo13TJEhlm:l16
60:5 (9) 1'''M 1QIsaa1QIsab] 1'''.I1 m
60:5 (9) 1M1:l' 1QIsa3m(1M:l')] M1:l' 1QIsabO; Kat ll~ouall6
60:6 (9) 1M:lfZ10 ... 1E)'.o1 0"0 1QIsaa] M:ltDO ... i1E)'.I11 1"0 1QIsabm
60:6 (10) n"im1 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] Kat TO aWnlPLOV 16
60:6 (10) 1'tD:l' 1QIsaam] )1- 1QIsa b
60:7 (10) nlM:lJ 1QIsaa6)mss(Na(3Ew6)] nl':J) 1QIsabm6)ed(Nal3aLw6)
60:7 (10) 1J1n'fZ1' lQIsaa1QIsa bm] ll~ouat am 16
60:7 (10) 1".I1'1 1QIsa3 ] '.0' lQIsabm
60:7 (II) ".I1 J1~" lQIsaammssl6~5] 11~i 1QIsab; 11~' ".I1 m-
60:7 (11) 'm~Eln 1QIsa81QIsabm] Tf)c; lTp<>O'Euxfic; uou II)
60:8 (11) iiJDEl'.11n 1QIsa8] iiJ'El.11n 1QIsabm(ilTEl'.11n)

60:8 (11) ~ 1QIsa8m] ?.11 1QIsab
60:8 (11 ) ilCil'm::li~ 1QIsa81QIsab(C,"n::I-)m(O"n::I-)] V€OOOOlC; II)
60:9 (12) '~::1 1QIsa8] 1'~::1 1QIsabmll)

60:9 (12) l'il(1)?~ 1QIsa8 1QIsabm] TO a:yLOv II)
60:9 (13) 1i~El (~)'~ 1QIsa81QIsabm] EV&>eOV Elvul II)
60:11 (14) ~,?, 1QIsa8 ] ~? 1QIsabmll)
60:12 (15) '~"'::I.11' lQIsa8 ] 1"::1.11' lQIsabmL(",~)
60:13 (15-16) 1'?~' 1? 1m 1QIsa8] 1'~ 1QIsabmll)
60:13 (16) iiliim, 1QIsa8] iil~ 1QIsab; iil,n m
60:13 (16) ,~~ '?)i O,pc, lQIsa81QIsabm] > II)
60:14 (16) '~?il~; lQIsa8] '~?il1 lQIsabm
60:14 (17) ?(1)~ l' lQIsa81QIsab ] > mil)
60:14 (17) ?m::>--mnwm lQIsa81QIsabm] > II)
60:14 (17) T~~c lQIsa81QIsabm] pr Kat II)

60:15 (18) i::l'.11 lQIsa81QIsab(i::l['.11)m] b ~Olleiilv II)
60:16 (19) 'np~" lQIsa8] np- lQIsabm

60:16 (19) 'p~'n ... ,tD, lQIsa81QIsabm] Kat lTAOUTOV ..• 4><iYEOm II)
60:16 (19) 'n.11'" lQIsa8] n.11'" lQIsabm

60:16 (19) ::I(,)P.11' i'~ lQIsa81QIsabm] eEOC; IapaT]A II)
60:18 (21) ~,?, 1QIsa811) ] ~? 1QIsabm
60:18 (21) "?'::I)::I lQIsa8mll)] 1?'::ID lQIsa b (orth or var?)
60:18 (21) iTMiP' lQIsa8] n~ip' m
60:18 (22) il.11'tD'illQIsa8] 'tD' lQIsa bm
60:18 (22) il?iln lQIsa81QIsabm] YA1WLa II)
60:19 (22) "11 1QIsa 81QIsabm] > II)

60:19 (22) jTi;l'?::1 lQIsa811) ] > lQIsa bm
60: 19-~ (23-24) 'C?tD, 0?,.11 i'~? 1? iT'iT' miT' ~'~ ~O~' ~,? 1ni" 1tDCtD ~'::I' ~,?20 1m~Eln? Tm?~, 0?,.11 i'~?
lQIsa8m( ... '~ ... ~? ... ".11 ~'::I' ~?20 ... 1'iT?~' ... ) 11)] 'C?tD' 0?,.11 i'~? l QIsa'' (dbl? or
0?,.11 i'~?r1c?,.11 i'~??)
60:21 (24) i~~ lQIsa84QIsam(;[~)mL(i~~)] > lQIsabmms; </>uMaawv (= i~J) II)
60:21 (25) rrrr '.1100 lQIsa8] ".1100 lQIsa b; '.1100 mQ(cf a::SO); ,.11c:lC m-, TO </>trrEUIlU II)
60:21 (25) "" 'tD.11C 1Q Isa811) ] "" iltD.11C 1Q Isab; ", iTtD.11C m
60:22 (26) iT~tD'n~ lQIsa81QIsabm] auv<i~w airroUc; II)
Isaiah 61
61 :1 (26) rrrr lQIsa 811)( v id ) O(v id ) ] O'iT?~ m[iT' lQIsa b; jj'iT' ,~];~ 4QIsa mmll)Qm g
61: 1 (26) tD,::In?, 1Q Isa8] tD::In? m
61 :1 (27) mpnpEl 0'i1O~?' 1QIsa81QI sab(npnp£l[) mmss ] mp npEl '?, m L; Kat TU</>AOlc; av<i~MlIslV II)
61:2 (27) 0" lQIsa 8] ",4QIsabmll)

61:3 (28) (iI)c.1i;l ncr, 1QIsaa4QIsamm] > e

61:3 (28) i;l:J~ 1QIsaam~ed] TOLe; lTEv60')(1lv ~omn
61:3 (28) ~ip' 1Qlsaa([] ~'i[p' 4QIsammOms ; Kal. KAT)6ftcrOVTaL ~cr'O; ~i.o~ 5
61:3 (29) 'i;l'" 1QIsaa4QIsam('i;l',,)m] 'YEVEQI. e
61:4 (501) m,p' (2') 1QIsaa] > me
61:5 (1) "CD' 1QIsaam] Kal. ~eOlJOlV e
61:6 (2) 'n'im)' "'''pn 1QIsaa] '0 '~ipn m~; '0' '''''pn. ~mss
61:6 (3) 'iOl"nn 1QIsaa] ,,,o'nn m; eav~acr6ftcrE<J6E ll) (orth or var?)
61:7 (3-4) ilo~i;ln--nnn lQIsaam(cp!;ln-)] > e
61:7 (4) 'IU"1'n C~":J iI~O 1QIsaa] 'lDi" ilJIDO C~i":J m; EK BEVTEpaC; KAT)POVO~"<10VlJl nlv -yfiv e
61:7 (4) ilo;,i;l 1QIsaa] c.i? m. irrre-p KE</>a>..fic; aiJTwv e
61:8 (5) iIJ'IW' 1 QIsaa~(Kal. ~LcrWV)] MJa1 m
61:8 (5) i;lirJ 1QIsaa] i;lr.~ m L
61:8 (5) ilo;,i;l ... tDni;lll1~ 1QIsaa] c.,i;l ... cm.11~ mll)
61:9 (6) ilO;"~~' ilo;,.11ir 1QIsaa] c.,',,~~ C.11.,r me
61:10 (8) ID'ID 1Q Isaa] rDlID m, pr Kal. e
61:10 (8) ilP~ "'.110 1QIsaam] Kal. XLTwva Eixt>poouVT)e; ~
61:10 (9) 1m;,;, 1QIsaa] iii;" m, > e
61:11 (10) c'm"M mil' lQIsaa] rrrr 'n" m; KupLOe; e
61:11 (10) milm 1QIsaam] Kal. Q'YaA>..talla e
Isaiah 62
62:1 (11 ) ~,i;l, 1QIsaa] Mi;l me
62:1 (11) lD'inM 1QIsaa] ilrDn" m
62:1 (11) iln.111rD'1 ilP~ 1QIsaam L (i1Cl- i1P.-)] i) BLaLOO"tJvT) ~OV, TO BE crWTi)PLOV ~OU ll)
62:1 (12) ".11:Jn lQIsaa] i.11:J'm
62:2 (12) ';,p~ 1QIsaa] 1p1~ m L
62:2 (12) i;l,;" 1QIsaam(i;l;,,)] Kal. e
62:2 (12) '''ip' 1QIsaa] "ip' m, Kal. KaMcrEL e
62:3 (13) ~m1 1QIsaam L
] ~'~, m q
62:3 (13) 'l'm~ 1QIsaa] 1'v~ m L
62:4 (14) ~,i;l, 1 QIsaa~] ~i;l m
62:4 (14) ':h ... ';,,? 1Qlsaa] 1i;l ... 1i;l 1QIsabm
62:4 (14) ilOO'rD 1QIsaaa'cr'6'([O cf Isa 54:1 (cf BHS note)] iI~~ m L
62:4 (14) ''''p' 1QIsaa] M'P' m
62:4 (15) m1.11::1 1QIsaam] otKoV~EVT) e
62:4 (15) i;l.11:Jn-(")';' 2' 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] > e
62:4 (15) ';:)::1 1QIsaa] 1::1 1QIsabm
62:5 (15) i;l).11~ 1QIsaa e (cf ([5, BHS n 5a)] i;l).11:J' 1QIsabm
62:5 (16) ';:)'''.11::1' 1QIsaa] 1'- m
62:5 (16) lD'Ia10' 1QIsa31QIsabm] Kat EOTal OV Tp6lTOV E\xt>pav&f)onaL 6)

62:6 (17) m'&;7iT 1QIsa31QIsab(mi)] + i'on m6}
62:6-7 (18) (tJ:)&;7 1QIsab),&;7 (ViTC,u),C, urn ~17 (iT)c::>&;7 '0' &;7~ 1QIsa31QIsabm] 70UK Eon 'Yap iJ~LV
O~OLOC;(..jiTO,I cf 23: 1-2) 6}
62:7 (18) O'lD' ,m
P'~' ,.11, l'::>' ,.11 1QIsa3] c{'lD' ,ji11 QIsab; C'!D' ,.11, p~' ,.11 m6)(EaV 8LOp{)W<nJ Kat
lTOLl1<TlJ) (see NOTE) "
62:8 (19) .1I"r:1' ,J'O':1 1QIsa3mlf)] l'6{'j:i 1QIsa b
62:8 (19) ,r(,).11 1QIsa31QIsabmlf)] ,lD1P c
62:8 (19) &;7::>~O 1JJ' ".11 1QIsa3] '0 1JJi li~ ,1.lI 1QIsab; '0 ,1.lI 1JJ' ~ m; En ... TOV OLTOV OOU Kat
Ta ~pW~aTCI oou 6}
62:8 (20) T:1~&;71QIsa3] T:1'~&;7 m
62:8 (20) CM 1QIsa3] O~; 1QIsabm6)
62:8 (20) 'n.1lJ' 1QIsa3] n.1lj; 1QIsabm
62:9 (20) CM 1QIsa31f)(ciXA' ii)] > 1QIsabm
62:9 (20) 'iT;E)OMO 1QIsa3] ,'ootv.l 1QIsabm; ol OWcl'YOVTEC; 6)
62:9 (21) 'iT,&;7,~~, 1QIsa3] ,m~~' 1 QIsabmL('iT?~~')
62:9 (21) ,&;7&;7iT" 1QIsa3] ,&;7&;7m 1QIsabm
62:9 (21) rrrr OlD n~ 1QIsa3] iTiiii nj~ 1QIsabmlf)
62:9 (21) 1:!':1p01 1Q Isa3] ":!':1p01 m; Kat ol OWcl'YOVTE(; 6}
62:9 (21) 'iT1nlD' 1QIsa3] ,.,nlD[' 1QIsabm; lTlOVTaL aUTa 6}
62:9fin (21-22) TiT,&;7~ i~ 1QIsa3] > 1QIsab(vid)m6)
62:10 (23) 1i':1.1I 1QIsa36)] 'i:1.1l i'i[:1j) 1QIsabmL(1i~ 1i~)
62:10 (23) 1&;7(1)01&;7(1)0 1QIsa31QIsabm] > If)
62:10 (23) 1&;71pO 1QIsa3] ;&;7p61QIsabm L0&;7p,Q)
62:10 (23) ~m 1:l~o 1QIsa3] 1:1~ 1QIsab; 1:1~ m
62:10 (23-24) 0'0.11:1 1i1~ 1QIsa3] C'O.1liT &;7.11 6[J 'O'iiT 1QIsabmlf)
62:11 (24) 1.11'OlDiT 1QIsa3] .1I'OlDiT 1QIsabmlf)(ElTo(TjoEv ciKOOOTOV)
62:11 (24) ":!'p 1QIsa3] iT:!'P lQIsabmlf)
62:11 (24) 'i'O~ lQIsa3] 'iO~ lQIsabmL('i9~)
62:11 (25) ,'n&;7.11D' lQIsa3] m&;7.11D,1QIsa bm
62:12 (25-26) 1~'P' '~&;7, 1QIsa3] ~iP' 1&;7, lQIsa bm; ov Be- KATjOfJ<TlJ If)
Isaiah 63
63:1 (27) iT.1I,:!' 1QIsa31QIsab(iT[~)m(iT.1I~)] ~(q. If); ~(vwv (= i.1l~-) If)mso'O
63:1 (28) iTPi~:1 lQIsa3m] Pi:!':1 l Qfsa"; BLKaLOOUVTjv If) (see NOTE)
63:1 (28) :1i 1QIsa3mL(:1'J)] Kat Kp(OLV If) (= :11-)
63:2 (28) in lQIsa3] nn lQIsa bm6)
63:3 (29) ',:1&;7 'n::>;, iT'1D 1QIsa31QIsa b('&;7 " m[m)m] lTATjpTJC; KaTarrErraTT)~EVTjC; If)
63:3 (29) '0.110' 1QIsa3] C'O.1Iq,jl QIsabmlf)
63:3 (29) 'n~ 1QIsa3] + 'in &;7.11 cn~ r1 'ron:1 COOi~' 'D~:1 tJ:)i~' 1QIsabmSO; + Kat KaTElTlITT)oa
aUTok EV OU~4l Kat KaTEOAaOa aUTOVs We; yfjv Kat KaTT]'Ya'YOv TO at~a aUTWV Etc; rfIv If)
63:3 (29) ('n~J~ m) 'nl;l~J 'rD1:Jl;l0 l;l(1);:)1 lQIsaalQIsa bm (cf BHS note)] > It)
63:4 (29) ':Jl;l:J lQIsaalQIsa bm] E'll'il~eEv am-o'le; It)
63:4 (511) ~~J lQIsaalQIsabm] ~UTp(jxmlle; It)
63:5 (1) t:l'~1 1QIsaam] ilt:l'~1 1QIsab
63:5 (I) inI1 1QIsaam(ir.l1)It)(I3oTJe6e;)] rD'~ 1QIsab
63:5 (I) CO~1 lQIsaam] ilOO1n~1 lQIsab
63:5 (1) 10m lQIsaa] 10]10 lQIsabm; uVTE~a~l3<ivETo (::: len 42:1; ::: 100 26:3) It)
63:5 (1) ~'? 1QIsaa 1QI sab(.l;l)m('l;l) ] am-oUe; It)
63:6 (2) il01:J~1 lQIsaalQIsab ] 01~1 m
63:6 (2) C·0.l11QIsaalQIsabm] am-oUe; It)
63:6 (2) 'norT:::l (il)Ci'~1 lQIsaalQIsab] ':J Ci~rD~1 m L ; ':J Ci:;lrD~1 mmss; > It)
63:6 (2) m'i~1 lQIsaalQIsab(m'i~1)] j'i1~1 m
63:7 (3) :J1t:l :Ji1 lQIsaalQIsab(:ii6 :i'1)] :JW :J"11 m, KvpLOe; Kplnle; uyae<'>c; (::: :Jit:l :J11 ef 63:1) It)
63:9 (5) i~ ~1? lQIsaa] i~~? mL ; i~ il;l m
q mss; au rrpEul30c ('::$ M?) It) (see BHS note)
63:9 (5) 1'JEl 1QIsaam] UAA' am-<'>c; KvpLOe; It)
63:9 (5) 1'n?01n:J1 1·n:J.i~:J lQIsaa] ;n?ory:::l1 in- m; 8la TO uyarrav alrtoix; Kat 4>d8wea.l aimiw It)
63:9 (6) C~J'1 ~J'1 lQIsaa] CMro[J'1 p?c!l[J'1 lQIsa bm; Kat UVEAaI3EV aUTove; Kat U!jJWUEV am-ave; It)
63:10 (6) 1'rD11P 1Q Isaa] m,p m
63:10 (7) ~"'1 1QIsaalt)] ~1il m
63:11 (7) il'~ (~)lO.I1 i'W(1)O 1QIsaam L ] il~ 1':J.l1 iWO mmsss; > It)
63:11 (7) i'l?.I10il 1QIsaammsslt)e's] C?.I10il m
63:11 (7) C·o 1QIsaam] EK Ti'je; yile; I\}
63:11 (7) '.111; lQIsaa] '.p'1 m L

; rrOl~Eva (= il~'/'~') 1\}Cl: (ef'rD.I10/ilrD.I10 60:21)
63:12 (8) 1''='101 lQIsaa] '0 me
63:12 (8) 1'ni~n lQIsaa] 1n- m
63:12 (9) mrD.u? lQIsaa] + 1'=' me
63:13 (9) m01n:J 1QIsaa] mOiln:J m; 8la Tfje; ul3vuuou I\}
63:14 (9) ilOil:J;:) 1QIsaam] pr Kat I\}
63:14 (10) Un'Jn 1QIsaam (vmJ)] Kat OOl1YTJUEV ailToVc; It) (= vilm) ef Cl:S
63:14 (10) ~';:) lQIsaa] p mit)
63:15 (10) C'ooil 10 1QIsaa] C'OOO m
63:15 (11) rorrrcn 1QIsaa] In'1:JJ1 m L ; l n1 - mmsslt)
63:15 (11-12) 1pE)Mil ,~ 1QIsaa 1 QIsab('?]~)m] OTl UVEUXOU ~~wv I\}
63:16 (12) Cili:J~1 1QIsaa] '~';:) me

63:16 (12) Ui';:)il 1Q I saalt)] 1Ji';:)' m
63:16 (12) ~", 1QIsaa] > 1QIsab(vid)ml\}
63:17 (13) 1J.l1nn rrrr 1QIsaa] iii[il' 1J.I1nn 1QIsabml\}
63:17 (14) t:l:JrD lQIsaa] it:l:JrD] lQIsa bmlt)
63:18 (14) rDj' 1QIsaa] 1rDi' m, KATJPOVO~l1UW~EV I\}
63:18 (14) C.l1 lQIsaalQIsab(cb[)m] TaU opoue; I\}

63:19 (14) 'J';il 1QIsaa] U"il m

63:19 (15) (il)o."'11 ... tD 1QIsaam 1 li~wv
... E<f>' li~ac; ~
63:19[64:1] (15) ilnT1" 1QIsaa] m];~ 1QIsa bm; TpOf.lO<; (= .h 11i cf 33:14) Allf.llj,sETal ~ (see 64:2[3])
63:19[64:1] (16) "fJ 1QIsaam (..J"f)] Kat TaKllaOVTal ~T)(defluerent) (~ ..J'fJ)
Isaiah 64
64:1[2] (16) 0'6,0.v 1QIsaa] 0'00.' m, KTlpOc; (= ",,000) e
64: 1[2] (16) 0'0 1QIsaam] > e
64:1[2] (16) il11:Jn 1QIsaam] Kat KaTaKaOOfl (= i11:Jn) ~
64:1[2] (16) il~'i~ 1QIsaa~] > m
64:1[2] (16) (il)~(D 1QIsaam] TO OVOf.la KUplOU ~
64:2[3] (17) il'pJ 1QIsaa] pr~' m, > e
64:2[3] (17) '''fJ O'iil (il)~'JOO (il)nT1' 1QIsaam] rpouoc Allf.llj,sETaL aTTo aou oPT) e (see 63: 19[64: 1])
64:3[4] (17) O',.vO 1 QIsaa~] '0' m
64:3[4] (17) '1100 1QIsaam] l]KOOOaf.lEV e
64:3[4] (18) 'IJ'f~' ~", 1QIsaa] 'il~' m; > e
64:3[4] (18) ~,., i'.v, 1QIsaa] ~, 1'.11 m; ou8E ol 6<f>OaXj.J.otlif.lwv e
64:3[4] (18) il(D.IJ' lQIsaam] Kal. Tel Epya oou a rrouicetc ~
64:3[4] (18) "il~no" 1QIsaam L ] ,., '~no' mmss; TOle; inr0f.lEVOUaLV v,,EOV e
64:4[5] (18) (il)n.l1J5l 1Q Isaam] avvavrf]aETal e
64:4[5] (18) (DrD n~ 1QIsaam 1>e
64:4[5] (18) ilrD'.I1' 1QIsaam(ilrD.v,)] To'le; TTOLOual e (= 'rD.I1? cf 64:3)
64:4[5] (19) rerrer 1QIsaa] l"~r m L
64:4[5] (19) ilJil 1QIsaa] iil m

64:4[5] (19) 0"11 1QIsaam] > ~
64:4[5] (19) .vrD1J1 1QIsaam] ETTAavi)fu]f.lEv e (= .vrD~'? cf 46:8)
64:5[6] (19) il'i'lJ' 1QIsaa] 'i'lJ' m
64:5[6] (20) 1m 1 QIsaa4QIsab~T)] '~, me- ~5T)ms
64:5[6] (20) m,:JJ'l 1QIsaa] ,:JJ, 1QIsabm
64:5[6] (20) 'J'nu".v, lQIsaa 1 'll'.I1,lQIsabm
64:6[7] (20) il"P 1QIsaa] ~"P m
64:6[7] (21) ",.vno 1QIsaa1QIsab(iji'.I1n[O)m] Kal. 6 f.lVTJa8dc; e
64:6[7] (21) p'm~" 1QIsaa] p'mi'l? m
64:6[7] (21) 'JiJOm lQIsa8 ] ,mom m L ; ':llJiom mmss; Kal. TTapE8wKac; Uf.lUc; e (= ~,.)
64:7[8] (21) iln~, lQIsaa 1 iln.v,m~
64:7[8] (22) ion 'JnJ~' 1QIsaa~ ] ,onii[ ];Jn~~ lQIsabm
64:7[8] (22) 'IJ'~(1)' iln~, 1QIsaam 1>e
64:7[8] (22) il~'1' 1 QIsaa~] 11~ m L
64:8[9] (22) rrrr lQIsaa4QIsab(m!ii')m] > e
64:8[9] (23) nD, lQIsaa~(Ev KalpQ)] ,.vi;l m
64:8[9] (23) iTJO:Li iT:n 1Q I saa] ~J O:Li TiT m

64:9[10] (23) ".tl 1QIsaam] lTOMe: e
64:9[10] (24) i:lirD lQIs aali)] i:liO (2') m
64:9[10] (24) iln"'il 1Q Isa- ] iTn:o mL
64:9[10] (24) ilOO1~ lQIsaa] iT~ m-, elc KaTdpav e
64:10[11] (25) 1'iT ... 1'iT 1Q I saa] il'iT ... rrn m
64:10[11] (25) 'U'ilOMO 1QIsaa] ')''''!QOO m L ; 'Uiono mmss
64:11[12] (25) ?.tliT 1QIsaam] Kat ElTt 6} (= ?131·)
64:11[12] (26) m~ lQIsaam] pr lTQC:1l 6}
Isaiah 65
65:1 (27) "J1?~ 1QIsaammss6}sa:] 1~~ m
65:1 (27) 'n'~CJ lQIsaa] 'M~ m
65:1 (27) 'Jrl 'JJi'T 1QIsaam] tBou elul 6}
65:2 (28) iTi10 1QIsaa] ii10 m; alTEL80flVTa (= iTiO 3:8/ i1iO 59:13/.,.,0 1:23) Kat OVTLAE-YOVTa e
(cf 50:5; BHS n 2a errs)
65:3 (29) iTOiT 1QIsaalfi] > m
65:3-4 (29) C":l~1'il4 t:l'~iT ?13 t:l'i' 1p:r1 1Q Isaa] C':l~iT4 t:l'J:l?iT ?JJ C'i~01 m, Kal eUIlLWcrLV ElTt TellS
a
lTAl.V6OLC: TOLe; ooLlloVlOle; (= C'i'.tl~iT? cf 13:21) OUK EUTl 4lfi
65:4 (521) C'i'~:l11QIsaa] C'i1~1 m; Kal EV TOLe; OiTT\AalOle; lfi (ef 49:6 lQIsaam L q )
65:4 (I) 'U'?' 1QIsaam] KOlllwVTat Bl' EVVrrvla 6}
65:4 (I) i'nrm lQIsaa] i'tQij mL
65:4 (I) pi01 1QIsaamq6}a:o] piEl1 mL
65:4 (2) ilOil'?::>:l 1QIsaaa:o] t:li1'?::> m; pr IT<lVTa 6}
65:5 (2) D)I1 1QIsaa] ~m m. EYYlaue; e
65:5 (2) ~':l 1QIsaa] ':l':l me
65:5 (3) (iT)::>'mnp 1QIsaam] Kaaup&: et~l e
65:6 (4) 'nc?~1 'nl:l?w lQIsaam] OlT08G> lfiSyh
65:6 (4) ~ 1QIsaalfi] ?JJ m (cf v 7)
65:7 (5) iTO::>'n1:l~ ... ilrD'n1J1113 1QIsaam(C::>- ... C::>'nJ1JJ)] ... alJT(;)v b iS lfiS
65:7 (5-6) (il~i m)iTJW'i ... rrr lQIsaam] > lfi
65:7 (5) [1fnop lQIsaa] ,~ m L
-65:7 (6) C'iiT 1QIsaa] 'i1i1 m
65:7 (6) 'n(1)iC1 1QIsaam] olTC>8Wo"w e
65:7 (6) iTon?.I71El 1QIsaa] cn?-!:,~ m L
65:7 (7) ~ lQIsaamqli)] ?l1 mL (cf v 6)

65:8 (8) iO~1'1 1QIsaa] i~1 m, Kat EpDUUl e
65:8 (9) 'ii1r1'n~n lQIsaa] ,mJ'!:WflJmLlfi
65:8 (9) iT:li:l 1QIsaamlfi] + KUPLOU es«
65:9 (10) 'n'~1'" 1QIsaa] 'n~~1iT1 m
65:9 (10) 'iiT 1Q Isaam] TO opoc; TO aYlOV !-lOU lfi (cf v 11)
65:9 (II) 'i11lV'" 1QIsaa] m~- m

65:9 (11) ,J'0a7' 1Q Isaa] ~~ m L
65:10 (11) P'~i1 1QIsaam] EV Tl\! 8pu~l\! e
65:10 . (12) ,,~ 1QIsaa4)(hravAEll:;)] mJ? m (orth or var?)
65:10 (12) PiC? 1QIsaa] p," m
65:11 (13) mil' 1QIsaam] IlE e
65:11 (14) 'JO, ... ,J? 1QIsaam] Tl\! 8aL~ovt'll ... TiJ TUxrJ 4)
65: 11 (14) t:l'~'OO' 1QIsaa] t:l'~?oom m
65:11 (14) i1:l00 1QIsaa] 1000 m
65:12 (IS) iln~? 1QIsaa] n:JC:l? m
65:14 (20) :J'C:l:J UJi' 1QIsaa] '00 U1' m
65:14 (21) :J'~O 'p,l1rn 1QIsaa] :J~O 'p,l1~ m L
65:14 (21) 1'1:J~0' 1Q I saa] 1:J~0' m4)
65:15 (22) il,l1':J~" 1QIsaam] elc 11"AT\<J~ovilv 4) (== ",l1:J~?)
65:15-16 (23) ,l1::J~J.' il'm l6
vocal "On 1QIsaa] 11::Jn' f"~:J 1.,::Jnr.li1 ,~~16 .,n~ !:ltD ~"P' ",::J.11?, m;
TOLe; 8E 80UAEUoU<JlV aiJTl\! KAT\61l<JETaL ovo~a KaLVOV 8 EVAOYll61l<JETaL E11"L Tile; yiie;
16E\JAOyrl<JOOOL yap 4)
65:16 (25) 'J',l10 'ineJ (~)':l' 1QIsaam] Kat OUK aval3i)<JETaL airrwv E11"L TT)v KapBtav 4)
65:17 (26) ~"'::J 'JJiI 1QIsaa1QIsab(~"'::J [)m]
E<JTaL 4)
65:18 (27-28) ?'J, ~,~ 1QIsaa] ,?'J, [~~ 1QIsa m; Eixppooiwr]V Kat ayaAAta~a EVpi)<JOOOLV 4)
b
65:18 (28) ~i'::J 'J~ .,~ 11' ",l1 1QIsaa 1 QIsab(~1'::J 'JM .,rb[M)m] EV airrfj 4)
65:18 (29) ilO1" 1QIsaa1QIsab(;i6(,l1,)m] Kat TOV Aaov ~01J 4) (cf v 19)
65:20 (532) M'" 1QIsaa4)(vid)] M' 1QIsabm
65:20 (2) !:I'O' ?',,l11QIsaa] " ",l11QIsabm; dwpoc; 4)
65:20 (2) il?O' 1QIsaa] ~?O' 1QIsabm
65:21 (4) ~ 1QIsaa] > 1QIsabm
65:22 (5) fJ] 1QIsaa] tim 1QIsabm; TOU ~UA01J Tile; (wije; 4) (cf Gen 3:22, 24)
65:22-23 (S) 23 'i'n::J(23) 1QIsaa] 23 '1'n:J 1QIsab(vid)m L(23 :'i'n::J); 23 0l 8E EKAEKTOt ~01J 4)
65:23 (6) 1i::J 1QIsaa4)(TrUAOYll~EVOV)] ':l"::J 1QIsabm(':l'1::J)
65:23 (6) t:li1M (il)o."~~~' 1QIsaa1QIsabm4)mss] > 4)
65:25 (7) ::JT 1QIsaa] :JMr 1QIsabm
65:25 (8) ,.,~, 1Q Isaa] il;-;t\; 1Q Isabm
65:25 (9) ?(,):l::J 1QIsaa1QIsabm] £11"L 4)
Isaiah 66
66:2 (11) rrn 1QIsaa] "il" 1QIsabm
66:2 (12) rm '~:lJ' 1QIsaa] '., i1M:lJ' 1QIsab (cf BHS n 2 b); 'i il:lJ' m L ; '., ~:lJ' mmss; KaL i)<JUXLOV 4)
66:2 (l2) -rrrrn 1QIsaa] ,.,n; 1QIsabm L (' ' '1T;!' )
66:2 (l2) '.,::J,' 1QIsaa] ''i:ii ~ 1QIsab; '''::J' '1' m
66:3 (12) il:lO:l 1QIsaa4)(w<; ... )] i1:l0 lQIsabm
66:3 {I 2-13) ~i(1)3J--JZ1'~ 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] > 4)
66:3 (13) ,,'nn 1QIsa'] i'm 1QIsabrnL(i'rq) (see VAR at 66:17 and Kutscher, HHL, 98)
66:4 (15) i'lCti"miU1D' lQIsa'1QIsab(OOiJC:J[,)] 00",)0, rn; Kat nit; ci~apTta< e
66:4 (16) ~ lQIsa'] > lQIsabrn
66:5 (17) 'iOM ... ,.vOrD 1QIsa'1QIsab] ~'O~ ... ~.v~ rn L; aKoooaTE ... EllTaTE (= ~.,O~ '" ~110rQ) Ii}
66:5 (17) "i:J1 lQIsa'] 'i::l1 me

66:5 (17) c:l'1JO (il)o:l'~JO)!D (il)o:l'n~ lQIsa'1QIsa brn] a&:A<j>ot i]~wv TOl.< ~LOOOOLV i]~cre; Kat
f38EAUOOO~€VOLe; Ii)
66:5 (18) mil' (1~~ rn L)1::O' '00 1110" lQIsa'1QIsa bm] 'tva TO ovo~a KUptou 8ocaoeiJ (= '~'"') Ii}
66:5 (18) ilo:lnnOrD::I ~." 1Q Isaa] ~nnOrD::I il~l~' rnL; Kat 6<j>6fj EV Til EU<j>pooUVQ at'rrwv e
66:6 (19) "'11::1 1QIsa'] ,,'.vO me
66:7 (20) ilt:l'''o.1 1QIsa'] ilt:ll'''oil; 1 QIsabrn; EC€<j>VYE Kat ETEKEV e
66:8 (20) ~'O, 1QIsaa ] '0 2· 1QIsabrn
66:8 (20) ~.,' 1QIsa'] il~i 1 QIsabrn~
66:8 (21) "'nnil 1QIsa'] "nm m, el tOOLVE e
66:9 (22) i""'~ ~O)'" "'::I~ 1 QIsa'mL("'::Id~)] l8wKa Ti]v lTpoo80Ktav(= ";i::ltD) TaVTTlV Kat OUK
E~vf)a6rl< uou Ii}
66:9 (22-23) i1i;~~' 1'''1Oil1QIsa'] 'ni~.11' 1'''10il lQIsa bm; yEvvwoav Kat OTElpaV ElTOLTjoa ll)
66:10 (24) ~ noo lQIsa'mL(~)] Eu<j>pavlhlTL (= [I;1l'?] 'noo) e
66:11 (26) moo 1QIsa'] rro 1QIsabrn; drro Eloooou e
66:12 (28) jlJ'rDJn 1~ ".11 ilOi1'n~pm lQIsa' ll)(TQ lTaL8La aUTwv ElT' w~wv ap6f]oOVTaL)] ]".11 cnpJ" 1QIsab;
~~~1:l 1~ ".11 Cl)pJ'l rnL
66:12 (28) C';:'.,,::1 1QIsa'] C'~l:;l rn L
66:12 (28) 'l1rDl1nrDn lQIsa'1QIsab] '.11rD.11~l'l m-, lTUpaKAi)6T)ooVTaL e
66:13 (29) ,onm 1QIsa'] ~OIJ~ rn L
66:14 (541) .l11U1 1QIsa'] il.111'J' m
66:14 (1) "::I'~ nM ... ,;'::111 n~ 1QIsa' 1QIsabm] TOLe; OE~ofl€vOLe; aUTov ... TOl.< QlTEL60umv ll)
66:15 (2) rD~::1 1QIsa'1QIsabrnL] ~;:, mmssli}
66:15 (2) ;,£),0::1, 1QIsa'] '0;:', rn
66:15 (2-3) '£)~ 1QIsa'"'1QIsabrnli}] ('£)~) \ '£)~ 1QIsa3C o r r (err; see VAR at 66:20)
66:15 (3) rrrwn 1Q Isa'] ;nil1J, 1Q Isabm e
66:16 (3) c:nEl!D'? ~i:::l' 1QIsa' cf c ] OOWJ 1QIsabrn; KPLei)OETaL rrdon i] yfj (= ri~il ,,;:, t:lOOJ"') e
66:16 (4) irD::J,1 1QIsaa] irD::I rn
-66:16 (4) ;'''''n 1QIsa'] i1['il'] '''''n 1QIsabmll)
66:17 (4) nn~ i~ lQIsa'1QIsab(n[n~)rnqmss] 1~ in~ m-, > e
66:17 (5) l1n::l 1Q I sa' 1Q I sa b m] Kat EV TOl.< lTp06UpOll:; e
66:17 (5) ,,'nnil lQIsa'] ij'1mil lQIsa bmL("'rqiJ) (see VAR at 66:3)
66:17 (5) r'prDn1 lQIsa'] rp,qml m L; ,.(..sun SSyh
66:17 (5) ;,;;;, 'i~ lQIsa'] il;;'; ~J 100' 1QIsabrnll)
66:18 (5-6) '~::1 ilo.1'm::lrDnO' ilOil'rD110 ';:"J~; 1QIsa'] ;lIb c;l;mti/[n]6; [m'rD110 ';:,lj~; 1QIsabm;
KQYW Tel lpya at'rrwv KaL TOV AOYLOflOV aUTWV ElTLOTaflaL(> ll)mss) lpXOflaL(-OVTaL ll)mss) ll)
66:19 (7) mn,~ 1QIsa'll)(OTlflELa)] m~ 1QIsabrn
66:19 (8) ?11:) 1QIsaa 1QIsabm] Kat <l>OlJ8 e (= [!)11:)·? cf jer 46:9)
66:19 (8) rnIp[ h'lDC 1QIsaa] nlDp[ ':xD]C 1QIsabm L ; > nrDp mms; Kat Mooox e
66:20 (9-10) ?{1}::l\M 1QIsaa·1QIsabm] (?1::l)\ ?,::l n~ 1QIsaacorr (err; see VAR at 66:15); > ~
66:20 (10) ?::lC 1QIsaa cor'! QIsabm~] > 1QIsaa.
66:20 (10-11) mJ1::l11::l:J1 O''''I:):J' \ [ )000:)' (C~~:J'~:J' C:J::l1:J' 1QIsaa corr)[C':J'~:J' C:J::l,:J,] 1QIsaa·(vid) ]
awaTWV
n'1::l1:='[:J' 1 Qfsa"; ni1~1:;>:;)~ C"1El:J' C'~:J~ :J::l1:J' m L ; (~Ea' ... ) Kat EV Aa~m1Valc;
iJ~l6vwv ~ETa O1<la8(wv ~ (see NOTE)
66:20 (11) ~ 1QIsaa~(Etc;)] ?11 1QIsabm

66:20 (tt) 'iii 1QIsaa1QIsab4QIsacm] nlV ... 1T6ALV ~
66:20 (12) "iiC!l '?::l:J 1Q I saarn] ~ETa ljsa~wv e
66:21 (13) ~'? 1QIsaa~] > m
66:21 (13) C(')"?? 1QIsaa1QIsabrnL ] '??, mmSS~5Syh
66:22 (14) C'lD"1T11QIsaa] 'nil nim
66:23 (16) iln:JlD:J 1QIsaa4QIsaC(iln:JrD[:J)] ,n:JtD:J m, EK aa~l3<iTou eo, ~:JtD:J It; ~ 5
66:23 (16) 1lD:J,' 1QIsaa] 1lD:J m
66:23 (16) ~jEl? 1QIsaarn] + EV IEpouaaAT]~ ~
66:24 (18) 1i~1i 1QIsaarn] elc opaalv (= .y~1?) e
66:24 (18) itD:J,i 1QIsaa] ,tD:J 4QIsabm
THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY
ISAIAH SCROLL
INTRODUCTION TO 1 QIsa b (1 Q8)
(PLATES LV-LXXIV)
E. L. Sukenik, n'1:l,Vil ilc:l'01:l'J'~il "':llO nmJ'il m"JOil 1l"~. Jerusalem: Bialik Foundation and the Hebrew
University, 1954. Idem, The Dead Sea Scrolls of the Hebrew University, ed. N. Avigad and Y. Yadin. Jerusalem:
Hebrew University and Magnes Press, 1955. D. Barthelemy, '8. Isaie', Qumran Cave 1 (DJD I; Oxford:
Clarendon, 1955) 66-68 and PI. XII. Eva Jain, 'Die materielle Rekonstruktion von 1QJesb (lQ8) und einige bisher
nicht edierte Fragmente dieser Handschrift', RevQ 20/79 (2002) 389-409, including Pis. 1-8. P. W. Flint and N. N.
Dykstra, 'Newly-Identified Fragments of 1QIsa b" including one plate, JJS 60/1 (2009) 80-89. E. Ulrich,
'Impressions and Intuition: Sense Divisions in Ancient Manuscripts of Isaiah', in Unit Delimitation in Biblical Hebrew
and Northwest Semitic Literature, ed. M. C. A. Korpel and J. M. Oesch (Pericope 4; Assen: Koninklijke Van Gorcum,
2003) 279-307.
Physical Description and Contents

The photograph of the scroll prior to its unrolling can be seen in Plate F; see also 8 ",~,
opposite page 24 in Sukenik's edition. In light of its severely deteriorated condition, it is
miraculous that so much of the text can be read. The scroll was apparently rolled with
the beginning of the text at the outside, which explains why most of the first part of the
scroll has been lost and why much of the latter part has survived.
Eva Jain has analyzed the physical clues of the manuscript, under the direction of
Hartmut Stegemann, and persuasively argues that the complete scroll originally
contained twenty-eight columns on eight skins. There were four columns per skin for
cols. I-IV, V-VIII, XV-XVIII, XIX-XXII, and XXIII-XXVI. There were only three
columns per skin for cols. IX-XI and XII-XIV, and only two on the last skin to
complete the book, cols. XXVII-XXVIII. Stitching can be seen before cols. XIX, XXIII,
and XXVII, and since there is no stitching from V to VIII, X to XI, XV to XVIII, and
XIX to XXII, one can assume that cols. V, IX, XII, and XV also started on new skins.
There is also evidence of a handle-sheet stitched to the final column of text, thus there
may well have been a handle-sheet at the beginning as well. Without the handle-sheets,
the full length of the original scroll may be estimated at c.3.5 meters, that is, about half
the length of 1Q Isa",
For the contents of the manuscript see Table 1. The extant fragments derive from
two sources. Eleazar Sukenik purchased the bulk of the scroll from Faidi Salahi, whereas
Dominique Barthelemy published seven small fragments that were excavated from
Cave 1; thus the provenance of the main scroll is secured. Sukenik frgs. 1-6 were all
positioned near the very top of the scroll, whereas the Barthelemy fragments were
positioned close to the bottom. Sometimes there would have been only about two lines of
text missing between the Barthelemy fragments at the bottom of one column and the
Sukenik fragments at the top of the next column.
Many additional small fragments were not published by Sukenik; several of them
were published by Eva Jain in 2002, and yet more by Flint and Dykstra in 2009.
TABLE 1: lQlsd' Contents
Column Passage Fragment source
Col. III Isa 7:20-8:1 (Barth. frg. 1)

Col. IV Isa 8:8 or 8:10? (Jain frg. 29)
CoL V: Frg. a Isa 10:16-19 (Suk. frg. 1 i)
Col. V: Frg. b Isa 12:3-13:8 (Barth. frg. 2)
Col. VI: Frgs. a-b Isa 13:16-19 (Suk. Ergs. 1 ii, 2 i)
Col. VI: Frgs, c-d Isa 15:2-16:3 (Barth. Erg. 3)
CoL VII: Frgs. a-b Isa 16:5-12 (Suk. Ergs. 2 ii, 3 i)
Col. VII: Frg. c Isa 19:7-17 (Barth. frg. 4)
Col. VIII: Frgs. a-b Isa 19:20-20:1 (Suk. frgs. 3 ii, 4)
CoL VIII: Frgs. c-e Isa 22:9-20 (DFU frg. I, Barth. frg. 5,7)
Col. IX: Frg. a Isa 22:24-23:5 (Suk. frg. 5)
Col. IX: Frg. b-f Isa 24:18-25:8 (Barth. frg. 6)
Col. X Isa 26:1-5 (Suk. frg. 6 i)
Col. XI: Frgs. a-c Isa 28:15-21 (Suk. frg. 6 ii)
Col. XI: Frgs. d-e Isa 29:1-8 (Suk. frg. 7)
Col. XII: Frgs. a-b Isa 30:10-15 (Suk. frg. 8)
CoL XII: Frgs. c-d Isa 30:21-26 (Suk. frg. 9)
Col. XIII Isa 32:17-20 (Jain frg. 22)
Col. XIV Isa 35:4-7 (Suk. frg. 10)
Col. XV: Frgs. a-f Isa 37:7-13 (DFU frgs. 2-4, Suk. frg. 11)
Col. XVI Isa 38:12-40:4 (Suk. col. 1, frg. 12)
Col. XVII Isa 41 :3-24 (Suk. col. 2, DFU frgs.5-6, Jain frg. 24)
Col. XVIII Isa 43:1-14,20-27 (Suk. col. 3, frg. 13)
Col. XIX Isa 44:21-45:13 (Suk. col. 4, Jain frg. 25)
Col. XX Isa 46:3-47:14 (Suk. col. 5, DFU frg.7)
Col. XXI Isa 48:17-49:15 (Suk. col. 6)
Col. XXII Isa 50:7-51:11 (Suk. col. 7, DFU frg. 8)
Col. XXIII Isa 52:7-54:6 (Suk. col. 8, Jain frg. 26, DFU frg. 9)
Col. XXIV Isa 55:2-57:4 (Suk. col. 9)
Col. XXV Isa 57:17-59:8 (Suk. col. 10, Jain frg. 27)
Col. XXVI Isa 59:20-61:2 (Suk. coL 11, Bar Hama)
Col. XXVII Isa 62:2-64:11 (Suk. col. 12, DFU frg. 10)
Col. XXVIII Isa 65:17-66:24 (Suk. col. 13, Jain Erg. 28, DFU frgs.11-12)
Although no fragments are preserved from cols. I and I I, there is at least one
fragment from each of the remaining columns from III to XV and large amounts from
XVI to XXVIII. Col. XVI consists of unconnected fragments. The top portion of cols.
XXVII-XXVIII is mostly together, but the lower portions are mainly in small
fragments. Cols, XVII-XVIII are dark brown and virtually illegible to the naked eye.
The top portions of cols. XIX-XXII are medium brown and legible, though the lower
portions are quite dark (see Plates G and H). Cols. XXI II-XXVI are severely
INTRODUCTION TO 1QIsab 199
darkened-almost black upon black-though occasionally there are small areas in the
upper half where the leather is a bit lighter and some phrases can be easily read.
The scroll's twenty-eight columns appear to have contained an average of c.51 lines
per column. Top margins are partly preserved on cols. XVI-XXVIII with the
exception of col. XIX. The maximum height of the top margin is c.2 em at the top of
col. XXVII, but whether the top margin was originally greater cannot be determined.
The only bottom margin preserved is on col. IX, measuring c.l.6 em. The margins
between columns on the same skin average c.1.5-2.0 em. The maximum height of the
preserved part of col. XXVI is c. 21.5 em; since the average number of lines per
column is 51 and the height from the first line of that column to the presumed
midpoint at lines 25-26 is c.14.5 em, the height of the inscribed portion of the column
can be estimated at c.29 em. Thus, the final columns are missing roughly the bottom
10 em of the inscribed column plus the bottom margin. The width of cols.
XVI-XVIII is c.lt ern, the width of cols. XIX-XXVI is c.9 em, and that of cols.
XXVII-XXVIII is c.12.S cm.
There are clear signs of vertical ruling between cols. XIX and XX and between
cols. XXI and XXII, and though it is difficult to see horizontal rulings now, the
regularity of the lines of script indicates that the scribe had the advantage of such.
Especially around the edges of major fragments, there are a number of small pieces
that are detached and misplaced or folded over, which confuse or complicate the
decipherment of the text.
Palaeography and Date

The manuscript is inscribed in a late Hasmonaean or early Herodian hand, to be
dated approximately in the third quarter of the first century BCE; see Table 2. The
hand is similar to that of 4QSama (DJD XVII) and to that of IQM (DSSHU) , though
it is less stylish and graceful than the latter; see Cross, 'Palaeography', pp. 388-92 and
PI. to, lines 3-4. In two instances an 'alep, with a low, curved ink-stroke connecting its
two legs, appears to have been influenced by the semicursive script: the 'alep of rD'~
XXIII 8 (52:14), and that of'~ XXV 6 (58:2).
TABLE 2: The Script of LQIsei'
J1 ... "t"r.t"""Y"~.l'b~ \; :J~""111\"1~.:t'"

.h~'1ftr';pY")J'b~ \; ~~IP~'~1\ "'''~"
The hand is generally careful and clear, but certain letters can be confused:
W awl Yod. The scribe sometimes distinguishes between waw and yod but frequently
does not; see the lower row in Table 2. A clear example of the difficulty can been seen
in the word "" 'David' in col. XXIV 2 (lsa 55:3), which one is tempted to read as
"". In such cases, the transcription gives the expected letters, and problematic cases are
usually explained in the NOTES.
rAlepl Gimel. Although this confusion does not occur, these two letters could be
confused if the top right portion of the letter were damaged or missing.
'Alep/lfet. The second row of Table 3 demonstrates that at times, especially when
the manuscript has suffered, 'alep and het can be confused.
BetjKap, The scribe occasionally makes the hap very shallow, and thus it can be
confused with bet. For example, in 1="0; at XXII 17 (51:6) one is tempted to transcribe
the first letter as bet, since w~,o[:J occurs at XVIII 3 (43:2); but similar occurrences of
shallow hap, such as n1~;; in XXVI 20 (60:14) and e",
in XXVI 30 (60:21) which
demand hap, indicate that this is simply a characteristic of the scribe.
Daletl Rei. Surprisingly the scribe carefully distinguishes these two letters. Thus,
the variant iMin vs. ii11n m at 60: 13 is certain.
Eight corrections occur in the preserved portions of the manuscript:
41:7 (XVII 4) :J'c:l
55:10 (XXIV 9) iCDM:l':l
55:13 (XXIV 14) iEli Oi1

56:6 (XXIV 22) i:l'P
58:11 (XXV 20) ~0:l'
61:1 (XXVI 33) '1'T,UJ
il
65:24 (XXVIII 7) CiO ' jj1
66:24 (XXVIII 36) C'CDf;;[
All the corrections appear to be penned by the original scribe; no later hands are
detectable in the manuscript.
Orthography
Although the orthographic practice of 1QIsa b displays widespread agreement with that
transmitted in ntL,q,mss 4:, there yet remain approximately 161 words that are spelled
differently in the preserved parts of the text (see Table 3). Certain forms are listed in
which the inclusion of space for word-division is the differentiating element (e.g. ,,~ 'J011).
At times it is uncertain whether a difference is properly orthographic, phonological,
morphological, or textual. In such cases the form will be included in the orthographic list
and, insofar as appropriate, will also be listed among the textual variants. Forms with
scribal corrections, insofar as they might witness to variant textual forms, and forms
with other interesting features will also be listed.
The fuller spelling is found now in 1QIsab , now in nt, in roughly equal measure. In
general 1Qlsab tends to spell the Qal participle with waw, whereas nt does not (note,
however, e'l1W~ in 1QIsab vs. tl'.uw,~ in m at XX 6 [46:8]). In contrast, m tends to mark
the feminine plural noun with waw noticeably more often than does l Q'Isa]'. Otherwise,
there are few patterns of differentiation. Instructive is the vacillation, for example,
between tl'O~" followed by [tl'16'~" in 1QIsab vs. tl'O'~" followed by e'~" in m at XXIV 3
(55:4), and between eM followed by MOil in 1QIsa b vs. ilOM followed by en in m at XXVIII 7
(65:23-24).
INTRODUCTION TO 1QIsab 201
TABLE 3: Orthography
Col. frg. line Isaiah 1QIsab mL mq rnss

42 8:8 or 8:10? ?]amO.l1 ?~ ,JO.l1
5b6 13:3 'i:O 'i':O
6 c-d 4 15:5 n';n?i1 n'nl?i1
6 c-d 6 15:7 C'~tz1' C'~tz1' C~tz1'
7c1 19:7 'i~' i'~'
7C2 19:8 i~'::l i'~'::l
8 c-e 7 22:15 ~b ~::l
8 c-e 9 22:17 i,:ri i~

9 b-f z 24:19 .l1;i il.l1i .111,
9 b-f z 24:19 il.u[.l1j'inil il.l1.l1inil
9 b-f 3 24:20 ~i'Jnm rrrrerrn
11 a-c 1 28:15 'J~::l' 'J~'::l'
11 a-c 2 28:16 '0" 'W~
11 d-e 7 29:5 i::l'.l1 i::l.l1
15 a-f 7 37:12 'ri:i~ 'm::l~
167 38:19
167 38:20
11'" 5]""
'J.l1'tz1il? 'J.l1'lD'il?
16 15 39:3 ~'::l" ~::l"
16 18 39:4 C1i~t\[iil] c'n'~iil
16 18 39:4 ooo'iic~:j 'ni~'~::l

174 41:7 'i[Oi]t\ iO~
174 41:7 ::lb ::l'0

17 18 41:19 "tz1ni "tz1~ni
17 18 41:19 ;';;n' lin'
181 43:1 l~i'::l l~i::l
183 43:2 tz1~'o[::lj tz1~ 1O::l
186 43:6 iO'~ 'O~
187 43:6 l'nJ::l' 'n'J::l'
188 43:7 ',::l::l?, ',,::l::l?,
189 43:9 ,',n' lin'
195 44:24 l?~'l l?~l
195 44:24 l]i~'" li~"
196 44:24 .l1P'i .l1pi
196 44:25 nn~ n,n~
196 44:25 C']Oo'p, c,oop,

197 44:25 ?::l0' ?::liZ1'
198 44:26 'io'~il iO~i1
198 44:26 :Jtz1n :Jtz1,n

198 44:26 il'n::linl il'ni:Jini
199 44:27 iO[']~il iO~il
199 44:28 i]6'~il 'O~il

19 10 44:28 C'?tz1' C?tz1'
1914 45:3 ni~'~ n'i~'~
TABLE 3: Orthography (cont.)
Col. frg. line Isaiah 'l Q'Isa'' mL mq mss

;,~,,~ ,,~,~
1923 45:9
1924 45:10 iO'~[i1 'o~
1925 45:11 "~,,, ,,~',
1928 45:13 ~ni;lJ' 'm~J'

20 I 46:4 ~'::lO~ i;l::lO~
205 46:7 ,1,m', 'i1n'J"
206 46:8 C'~El C',1]~'El
20 11 46:12 C'pn'i1 C'pm'i1
2027 47:11 i1~~ i1~'~
21 2 48:17 1';:"'0 1;:""0
21 3 48:18 ~.,; ~~~
21 3 48:18 10i;l~ 10,i;l~
21 7 48:21 ,~ ,,~
21 I2 49:4 'n?;:, 'n'?;:,

21 I2 49:5 "~,, ,,~,
21 I7 49:7 i;l~'J ~
21 I9 49:7 ~"p tzT1p
2121 49:8 no6[ro] n,oo~
2123 49:10 ' ]i1::lO ',1],::l0

2213 51:4 ;O~~, 'O,~~, C'O'~~'
22 I7 51:6 p'o:; p-'O;:'
22 I8 51:7 '.t1", ',1]"
2223 51:11 ;;,El, "nEl'
23 1 52:8 ;~;ri~
"n'
23 I 52:8 ::ltb:i ::l,ro::l
232 52:9 ,',n' "n'
235 52:12 i10JO::1, i10,JO::1,
236 52:12 1~'i1 1?i1
23 7 52:14 nn~o nn~o nn~,o
238 52:14 "m 'i~m

23 I2 53:3 .t1", .t1""
23 IS 53:5 ij'.t1~Elo 'J.t1~ElO
23 IS 53:5 'Joi;l~ 'JO'~

23 17 53:7 m::1t:l? n::1t:l?
23 23 53:11 ?,::lC' ?::10'
23 28 54:2 [1]~ino 1'in'o
23 30 54:4 '~::ln '~'::ln
23 30 54:4 [']1Elnn 'i'Elnn
23 31 54:4 lnJoi;l~ l'mJO?~
23 32 54:5 l?~'J' l"~J'
242 55:3
"" ",
243 55:4 C'O~? C'O'~?
243 55:4 [c')6,~? C'O~?
INTRODUCTION TO lQIsab 203
Col. frg. line Isaiah lQIsab mL mq mss

247 55:8 'n:JlZ1no 'n':JlZ1no
2417 56:2 '0'lZ1 '00
2420 56:4 'M:JlZ1 'mn:JlZ1
2421 56:5 'r1l:ln:)) 'no,n:J'
2424 56:7 c'n~':Jm c'n'~':Jm
2424 56:7 Cil'n'l1 Cil'n"l1
2426 56:8 '~:JP)? "~:JP)?
2428 56:10 '?;:" ";:,,,
2429 56:11 cm ilom
2430 56:12 np~ ;mp~
2433 57:2 Cn:J;'lZ10 cn,:J;:'rDO

2433 57:2 l"'il l?il
252 57:18 ilO"lZ1~' C,,~,
256 58:2 'M 'm~,
258 58:3 iln'~, n'~,
259 58:3 C;:':J~l1 C::l':J~l1
2513 58:6 n:J~,n m:J~,n
2513 58:6 mJ~ m'JM

25 13 58:6 ilt!lO ilt!l'O
2514 58:6 C'~~' C'~'~'
2514 58:6 ilt!lO ilt!l'O
2514 58:7 O"El O,El
25 15 58:7 C','o C"'lO
2515 58:7 C"l1 C'11
2516 58:8 1n:",~ 1 n;:"M'
25 18 58:9 ilt!lO ilt!l'O
2520 58:11 nn~n~b n,n~n~:J
2520 58:11 l'nO~l1' l'nO~l1' lnO~l1'

2520 58:11 ,~?n' r'?n'
2522 58:12 "u "J
2523 58:13 l~Eln l'~Eln
2524 58:13 1::l" T;'"
2525 58:14 'no:J 'mo:J 'no:J
2527 59:2 C'?',:JO C'?,:JO
2528 59:2 c;:,'nMt!lM1 C;,'mMt!lM1
2529 59:3 c;,'nl1:J~M' C;"nlI1:l~~'
2530 59:4 ~"p ~iP

2531 59:5 '~:J '~':l
2532 59:5 ?;"~il ";:'~il

2532 59:5 Cil'~:lO Cil'~':JO
2534 59:7 [Cil]'n:JlZ1nO Cil'n1:llZ1nO

265
268
60:2
60:5
":J;"
'Min
"':l::l,
'~in 'Mi'n
-
204- DISCOVERIES IN THE JUDAEAN DESERT XXXII
Col. frg. line Isaiah 1QIsab mL mq rnss
269 60:5 M'::l' 'M::l'

2610 60:6 m::l?' m'::l?'
2612 60:8 ilJ'El.un m'El1.un
2615 60:10 'J~i::l' 'J'~i::l'
2618 60:12 ::l'in ::lin
2619 60:13 rDMi::l rD'i::l
2619 60:13 ,',n' lin'
2624 60:16 1?Mm 1?tm
2627 60:18 l?'::lJ::l l'?'::lJ::l
2628 60:18 l;[n]on l'no,n
2630 60:21 ".1100 '.1100 '.1100
2634 61:1 npnpEl[ mp npEl mpnpEl
272 62:3 il'?O il"?O
274 62:6 i;!ion l'no,n
275 62:6 o']i;SrOil O'i,rOii
277 62:9 ni~n::l mi~n::l
2712 63:2 i 1":;'

1 '"
2714 63:5 iiOO,nrD'" OC,nrDM'
2715 63:6 O"'rD~' Oi'rD~'
27 IS 63:6 il"i'" ",,~,
27 16 63:7 ni?iin n?iln

286 65:23 ,.uJ' ,.uJ"
286 65:23 ',i::l ':;',,::l
287 65:23 Oil ilOil
287 65:24 ilOil Oil
2810 66:1 ilT'~ ilT-'"
2810 66:1 ilT'~' ilT-'~'
2810 66:1 'nmo 'nnlJO

28 11 66:2 il~:;'J' ron ~'J'
28 II 66:3 9".11 9'.11
2813 66:4 t:lniJO::l!, Oni,JC,
2821 66:12 ii]c!m ilc:lJ
S ense- Divisions
The scribe of 1Qisa b uses the normal range of methods to mark sense-divisions: an
entire line left blank, the end of a line left blank, an indentation, a blank interval within
a line. Each of these methods, except for the first which is clearly a major division, can
be longer or shorter, indicating major or minor intervals. For a fuller discussion of
sense-divisions see the Introduction to 1Q Isa". Table 4 provides a list of preserved or
strongly indicated intervals in 1QIsa b in comparison with those of m and the other
Isaiah scrolls. The symbols used are explained in the Table. Readers who use BHS
INTRODUCTION TO l Qfsa" 205
TABLE 4: lQlsd' Sense-Divisions
Chap.Vs lQIsab mL 1QIsa8 4QIsa8 - c 4QIsad - r
7.21 [E] e + i P + i
.23 [-] E
8.1 I E E f: E
13.1 V E E a: E e: E
16.10b E w?
19.15b w b:-
.16 [-] E + i w b:-
.161$ [-] b:E
.2Ib [-] w b:-
.23 w? b: E
.24 [-] I w b: E
20.1 [I] I e+P a: e+L; b: L
22.15 E E a: E; c: E f: E
23.1 E e + I E a: E
24.21 W e + I E+P
25.1 w E E
26.2 [-] a: E
.2b w
28.16 [w) I P + i
30.12 [W] I E
39.1 e+ L W 2.5 L, or E?
.3 (e] + i E b: [-]
.5 E b: [-]
41.5 P + i
.7 [-] w
.8 W E+X?
.12 E+ X? + L
.14 e+ i w
.17 W L e+P
.21 E L P+W
43.3 E g: -
.8 w?
.9 w
.11 e+ i E
.lIb
.22 E g: e + I
L Line fully blank-major Indentation, large---major

E End of line, large---major indentation, small-s-minor?
e end of line, small-major or minor W blank Within line, large---major
p paragraphos w blank within line, small-minor
[ ] reconstructed but probable V blank of unknown length, large-major
no division v blank of unknown length, small-minor
X sign in margin
TABLE 4: lQlsd> Sense-Divisions (continued)
Chap.Vs 1QIsab mL 1QIsa" 4QIsa"-C 4QIsad - r
44.1 [E] W P+W

.23 [-] E b:-
.24 [-] E P+W b: I; c: v
.28 w+X?
45.1 e+I e+i P+W c: no 1
.5 [-] w
.8 E E c: [-]
.9 E + i I
.10 [-] e+i w
.11 [-] P+W
.13 w
.14 v L e
46.5 [-] I w
.7a~ w
.8 e+i w
.9 w
.1Ib w d: -
.12 E E + i E c: [E] d: [-]
47.1 [-] w E d: [-]
.4 w w
.5 [-] w d: [-]
.6b (-] w
.8 [-] w
.1Ib E
48.17 W e P + i d: i
.17b13 d: w
.20 I w? P+ i
49.1 w w E+P d: -
.4 e+P d: [-]
.5 P+W d:-
.7 E e+i E + X? d: [w]
.8 w P+i d: [w]
.13 w d: [-)
.14 w e+i E d: [w]
51.1 I L E
.3 e+i
.4 e e+i E
.6b E
.7 w w E+P
.9 E E + i E c: [w]
52.11 W w w c: w
.13 I E c: [i]
53.1 e+P c: [i]
TABLE 4: lQIsab Sense-Dioisions (continued}
Chap.Vs 1QIsa b mL 1QIsaa 4QIsaa- c 4QIsad - r
54.1 [I] w e b:v d: [e}

.6 [W]
55.6 I E + i e c: (L]
56.1 w e+ i e+P+X
.3 w e+X
.3b w
.4 e+ i w
.6 w w
.10 w e+i e+P+X
57.1 e
58.1 w e+i E d: E
59.1 e+i e+P
.1b w
60.1 w e+i E+P
.22 w m: [-)
.22b w m: [-]
61.1 E E + i w m: [E}
62.10 [-} e+ I E+P
63.1 e E
.7 [-] e+i e + P+ i
64.1 [w]
66.1 W e+i E
.5 E e+P
.6 [-] E+X
.10 W E +i E
.12 e+i E
.15 E + I P+i
.20b E E c: [-]
.22 [-] E c: [-]
should be aware that the symbols listed for mL in the Table are descriptive of the
divisions as they occur in Codex Leningradensis, which is written in prose format. The
e, o symbols printed in the stichometrically arranged BHS for Isaiah can be misleading,
for they are not found in Leningradensis and sometimes do not accurately indicate the
divisions in the Codex. For example, BHS inserts o before Isa 55:6; 56:1; and 56:4; but
in each case Leningradensis leaves the end of the line blank and indents the line
beginning the new section.
In comparison with m and the other Isaiah scrolls, 1QIsa b has fewer sense-divisions. It
is extant for 108 passages in which at least one other manuscript has a division. For 55 of
those 108 passages lQIsab has no division (m has 17 major, 6 minor, 32 non-divisions);
for 34 it has a major division (m has 20 major, 7 minor, and 7 non-divisions); and for
19 passages it has a minor division (m has 9 major, 3 minor, and 7 non-divisions).
In at least six instances 1QIsab has intervals in the middle of what m considers a
'verse': at 16:10b; 26:2b; 43:11b; 47:11b; 59:1b; and 66:20b, and possibly at 19:15b.
1QIsab and m share affiliation in orthography and text (see below), but not in sense-
divisions. 1 Qf sa> (or its Vorlage) is the most sparing, and 1Q'Isa" (or its Vorlage) is the
most liberal. Codex Leningradensis is quite sparing in the use of sense-divisions, but
more liberal than lQIsa b , and far less liberal than lQIsaa. The chart clearly shows that
there is no reliable tradition of sense-divisions and no relation to a putative 'original'.
Textual Character
For the assessment of the textual character of 1QIsab , different classifications of
variation should be considered: orthographic features, individual textual variants,
isolated interpretive insertions, literary edition, and text-family groupings within an
edition. The first four classes usually operate independently and do not influence each
other, whereas text-family groupings are determined precisely according to those four
classes of variation.
The orthographic profile of 1Q'Isa!' has been described above, needing no further
comment here. There is a total of 622 individual textual variants, some consisting of
several words, thus increasing the number of individual variant words. The full list is
provided in the 1QIsab edition, and an analysis is offered below. 1QIsab does not
preserve any isolated interpretive insertions compared with the m tradition, although the
composite m tradition does contain at least nine such insertions as compared with 1QIsaa
and «; (see the lQIsaa Introduction). The fragments of lQIsa b are extant for only three
of those passages and they contain all three insertions; thus the original manuscript
presumably contained the others as well. With respect to literary editions, all ancient
Hebrew manuscripts as well as the Old Greek translation witness to a single edition of
the Book of Isaiah. That is, even though the Book of Isaiah developed through a series
of major new editions (the traditions of Isaiah of Jerusalem, plus the parallel from
2 Kings, plus Second Isaiah) and attracted countless smaller interpretive expansions as
it was transmitted, all the manuscript witnesses exhibit the final edition of the book,
despite the great amount of individual textual variants.
Among the witnesses to that final edition there are quite divergent family groupings.
1QIsaa and «; display enough textual variation between themselves and against J Q'Isa!'
that each should be classified as belonging to different text families. A general
assessment of the textual character of 1Q Isa!' relative to 1 Q'Isas can be seen in the
1QIsaa Introduction, which compares 1Ql sa" to 1Olsa> and m.
On the whole, lQIsa b shows close agreement with mL , mq , mmss, and C, which classifies
it as belonging to the textual group that eventually emerges as the Masoretic family.
That is, 1QIsa b is one ancient witness, fortuitously preserved, to the form of text that
continued to be copied carefully by the rabbis and future scribes from antiquity through
the Middle Ages and which eventually appeared with minimal variation in the surviving
manuscripts: mA, mL, mq , the numerous mmss, and ~. On the other hand, 1QIsab
exhibits 183 textual variants (in addition to the 161 differences in orthography) from
other preserved witnesses to the Masoretic family; thus previous descriptions of the near
identity of 1QIsa b with m need to be tempered.
Many of the variants between 1Qlsab and mL,q,mss are minor, involving little change
of meaning; but it may prove helpful to select those that show the upper range of
variation. Generally not listed below are: the presence vs. the lack of the definite article,
copulative, or common words such as ':> or ro: routine palaeographic confusion of letters
such as ~/:>, '/i, '/'; phonological confusion of ~/s;, iT/n, nt», minor differences in verbal
form; or differences in vocalization.
There are only two quantitatively large variants between 1QIsab and m. Although
it is possible that both are long additions in the text inherited by 1Qlsaa m «), they are
quite probably instances of simple parablepsis in 1Qlsab (see similar parablepses in mL ,
e.g. at Josh 21:36-37 and 1 Sam 14:41):
38:12-13 om v 13 1QIsab] hab lQIsaamlfi ('Jr.l'~n131\:JO'~n12? or add?; see NOTE)
60: 19-20 iO'?toi O'?il1 -n~'? 1QIsab] iiiii' ~':J 9~' ~1'? lni'1 1'D~ l'1~' l'1,?20 lm~E)n'? Tiil'?l'1 0'?111 il~'?
10'?toi 0"'11 i'~" 1" iT'il' 1QIsaam(... '::J ... ~'? ... "11 ~i~' ~,,20 .. , l'il'?~')lfi
(0"111 il~"nO'?1S; il~'?? or add?)
Different names for God are used:

22:15 'J'~ 1QIsab1QIsaa('J11~)mL] > m msslfi6's
38: 14 iiptZln iliii[' 1QIsa blfi(1TpO<; TOV KUplOV Oc; E~ElAaT6 ~E)] ilptoll1 'm~ 1QIsaa; ilptop 'J~ m L (cf v 17)
38:19 il"~ 1QIsab] "~1QIsaa·; m"~ 1QIsaadittog2m; ~ m L
49:7 'J'~ 1QIsab 1QIsaa('Jl'~)] > m
57:21 ')ii'?l' 1QIsab1QIsaa('m'?~)mL] mil' mmss; KUpLOC 0 6E6c; lfi; 0 6EC>c; lfimss
Qmg
61:1 LJ'il'?~ m[il' lQIsab] mil' 1QIsaalfi(vid)O(vid); rrrr 'J)'i~ 4QIsammlfi
Differences in meaning:
44:25 ,?;,o' 1QIsab 1QIsaa4QIsablfi(~wpEUwv)] ,,~, m (err)
48: 17 l'::J"O 1QIsa b] il::J'iiil 1Qf sa"; l::J'i'O 4QIsadma:50
51:4 'OJ} 1QIsab 1QIsaa m-e ] O'OJ} mmss 5
51:4 ;O~"1 1QIsab 1QIsaa('01~"1)m('01~"1)] C'O'~'" mmss 5; Kat ol [3a.<1LAElc; lfi
58:14 l~';im 1QIsa b1QIsaa(il:J-)4QIsan('i:l:Jii'ili)a:(lJ'itZl'i)lfi(Kal a.va~LI3<iOEL OE)] l'm:Jim me'
59:4 ,,''',m .. , iii! '" 'i:l'i .,. inO:l 1QIsablfi (3 pl) ] ii,,,,.'i ... miii .. , i:l'i ... inO:l 1QIsaa;
""iili ... iii! ... ':l'i ... mO:l m (inf abs)
60:5 '~in 1QIsab1QIsaam Llfi(0llnJ)] '~i'n mmss (orth or "~i'?; see inE)i two words later)
Parallel words are substituted:

49:6 :l;[tDil'? lQIsab (cf v 6~)] O'Pii" lQIsaa; o'pm 4QIsad m (see NOTE)
52:9 O~ii' 2' 1QIsabmLlfi] "~ito' mmss

58:10 ltoEl.'J lQIsablQIsaa(il::JtZl£lJ)m L] 10m m mss5; TOV dprov EK t/Juxflc; OOU lfi
60:4 ilJ'tZlJr1 1QIsablfi(ap61l0ovTaL)] ilJO~n 1QIsaam
62:8 '\Ul 1Qisab 1QIsaa(inJ})mlfi] itZ11p 4:
63:5 tZl'~ 1QIsab] it'lll 1QIsaam(iU))lfi(~TJe6c;)
Words are added or lost:

49:3 "~itZ1' 1QIsab 1QIsaa 4QIsad me ] > mms
52:11 illXi 1QIsab ] + i!::JinO i~~ 1QIsaamlfi
53:4 U':liOO1 1QIsab1QIsaa(U':l1iOO1)mL] + ~", m mss5 0

53:11 '1141 1QIsab1QIsaa4QIsad([,]i~)ti (add?)] > m (~" = err for rrrr 1/.11::W'?)
55:5 ~?],~ 1QIsab] M1? 1QIsaa4QIsacO~[1r;)m06)
56:8 1~:JPt? 1QIsab] 1'~:JPJ? 1'?11 1QIsaarn; Err' airrov auvaywyfw e
59:2 ':l lQIsa b] ~ ~':l 1QIsaam(C~ ':l)
60:7 p~ 1QIsa b] ?.P P~? 1QIsaammsstisa:; 1~ ?11 m L
60:14 ?:ll' 1QIsab1QIs aa(?1:l)] > me
60:21 r'~ 1QIsabmms] + i~J 1QIsaa4QIsam(';[~J)mL(,~); + q,uMaawv (= '~J) e
62:6 iT?;?iT 1QIsab1QIsaa] + i'on mti
62:7 c{'IU' ,!.u 1QIsab ]
C'(O' i.l11 Pl:l' i.l11 )':l' i.l1 1QIsaa; C'IU' i.l11 TJl:l' i.11 me (see NOTE)
62:8 1'61'~ 1QIsa b] m,r:::ll 1J'O':::l 1QIsaamti

66:19 nlUp[ ';)IUJ;:l 1QIsabm L ] nDp[ !i1IUO 1QIsaa; > nlUp mms; Kat Moaox d)
Transpositions:
38:19 'J10:l ci']i1 1QIsab] C1'iT 'J10:l 1QIsa3·1QIsaa dittog 2mmti(vid)
52:13 ~IUJ1 !iT:::lJ1 1QIsab tr 1QIsaam; Kat Soeaa6l1anal ti
]
55:8 'n::l(Ono c;,'[n::llUn]6 1QIsa b] c;,'n1::1IUnO 'n1::1tOno 1QIsaamti(al. f3ouAa( floU walTep al. f30uAat UflWV)
57:20 [?IUJjij 1QIsab] 11(Oil] 1QIsa3 ; (Oil] m
62:8 lJJ'i liM '1.11 1QIsa b] lJJi".11 1QIsaa; i1.11 lJJi n~ m, ETL ... TOV a1Tov aou d)
Differences in pronoun:
13:19 1n:l?OO lQIsab] n:l?Oo 1QIsaa; n1:l?OO m, vrro f3aalAEw,; d)
43:6 l'nJ:::l1 ... 1'~:::l 1]M':J.i lQIsab ]

'n1D1 .,. 'J:::l 1M':J.i lQIsa ; 'n1J:J1 '" 'J:::l 'M':::liT
3
me
43:10 iT'iT' tt? "in~h 1QIsa b] iT'iT 1411" ',nttl 1QIsaa; iT'iT' ~? ',nttl mti
46:11 ;n~.111QIsabmq; f3ef30UA€U~Ql ti] 1n~.l11QIsaa4QIsad(;n~.l1)mL
53:12 CiT'.l1IU5)?1 1QIsab1QIsaa(iTc,i'-)4QIsad(C]i1'-)ti] C'.l1- rna'
58:5 ltOM' 1QIsab] 1tOM1i 1QIsaam(1IUM'); TOV TPQ)(TlAOV aou e
60:21 1'1100 1QIsab ] rrrr '.l100 1QIsaa; '.l100 mq(cfa:sO); 1,.l100 m L ; TO q,UTeUj.la e
62: 7 C;)? 1QIsab ] 1? 1Q Isaam
Differences in preposition:
55:5 1U1'P1 1QIsab1QIsaa.] tU1ip"11QIsaacOrrlmrn('p'?1)
58:4 il~?1 1QIsab1QIsaa(M~-)] iT~01 m
59:2 1':11 1QIsa b ] 1':::l? 1QIsaam
62:10 pM 1QIsab ]~l]iT1:JMO 1QIsaa; 1::11410 m
65:20 00 1QIsa b] iTOtOo 1QIsaa; ctOo m
66:4 cniJO:J!1 1QIsa b 1QIsaa(ilCiT'n1'1JO:::l1)] cn'1J01 m, Kat TClt; Uj.lapTlu,; e
Singular vs. plural:

26:2 1141::1'1 1QIsab ] M(1):::l'1 1QIsaam
43:9 1i'J' 1QIsab] 1i'J'1 1QIsaa; i'J' mti(avayyeA€l)
53:8 1np? 1QIsab] np1? lQIsa3m(np'?)1B
53:12 1~on 1QIsab1QIsaa4QIsad~] ~ m; 1'::I1n «:

54:3 'eDi" 1QIsab 1QIsaa] eDi" m
57:2 '''[1:J' 1QIsa b] ~1:J'1 1QIsaa; ~1:J' m, EcrTaL it)
58:3 ,J'nrDElJ 1QIsab 1QIsaa(U'n1rDElJ)~] 1JrDElJ m

58:11 ,~'?n' 1QIsa b 1 QIsaa(1~''?n')] r'?n' m
59:21 ~,]6~ 1QIsab] 1rD'C' 1QIsaam; f:KAllrlJ it)
60:5 ~1:J' 1QIsabO] 1~':J' 1QIsaam(1~:J'); Kat Tj~ova( e

Masculine vs. feminine:
26:1 n~TiI iTi'eDiT 1QIsa b ] n~'riT i'eDiT 1QIsaa; J;i i'tUo'1 4QIsa c ; iTriT i'tUo'1 m
29:3 ii~c 1QIsa b] ~C 1QIsaam
53:3 C'~:JC 1QIsab] n1:J1~:JC 1 QIsaam(n':J~:JC)
66:17 n[~ in~ lQIsab1QIsaam q mss] ,n~ in~ m L ; > it)
On the assumption that the two extensive variants between 1Qlsab and m (38:12-13
and 60:19-20) are due to accidental parablepsis and thus are textually meaningless, the
remaining individual variants indicate that 1QIsab is a close member of the m text
family. Most of the variants between 1Qlsab and mL mirror the frequent disagreements
between m-, mq , and mmss in degree and in kind. In general 1QIsab has from its first
publication been correctly assessed as textually close to the Masoretic tradition, even if
now the differences between them also require more precise appreciation.
NOTES ON THE lQIsab
MANUSCRIPT AND READINGS

The right margin is preserved for this first extant fragment, which in Jain's
reconstruction was located near the bottom of the third column of the scroll. All seven
fragments identified by Barthelemy would have been in the same relative position in
successive revolutions of the rolled MS, i.e. near the bottom margin.
L. 1 (7:20) li~. The first letter is clearly 'alep . Assuming that the scribe left an interval after this
verse (see NOTE on 7:20fin ) , the following letter should be either sin (i1lb~) or taw (li~), from the only two
words beginning with 'alep in this part of v 20 (a(3 or 00). A third option would be dalet (')'~) in 20aa,
but spacing precludes it. The two ink traces along the leather's edge following ralep favour taw rather
than sin, thus making li~ the preferable reading.
L. 1 (7:20) [n~] 2'. In view of the general textual affinity of 1QIsab , this reconstruction follows m,
not the dubious reading in 1QIsaa (il~; see 1Q'Isa" NOTE).
L. 1 (7:20 fin ) The scribe most likely left the rest of line 1 blank before starting v 21 on the next
line; remainder of line left blank followed by a paragraphos in right margin lQIsaa; 0 BHS. In DJD I,
Barthelemy placed the interval at the beginning of line 2, 'corresponding to the Masoretic setumah and
preceding v 21'. There are, however, traces of letters in this space (see following NOTE).
L. 2 (7:21) C~']:l. The faint outline of bet and traces of two other letters are visible on the leather.
L. 3 (7:22) '0 ;iROn ";'~'. Although the second and third words are difficult to decipher, sufficient
ink traces remain to show that 1QIsab (with 1QIsaam) contained these three words that are lacking in ~
(see VAR).
L. 3 (7:22-23) [~'ilil-il~On]. The restored text makes this the longest partly preserved line in the
column. For v 22b, 1Qlsaa·m~ contain the same longer text, but lQIsaa corr strikes a horizontal line
through "'D. This is insufficient support, however, for excluding ,,;, from the reconstructed line.
L. 3 (7:22 fin ) Spacing indicates that, as in BHS, there was no interval before v 23; remainder of
line left blank 1Q'Isas.
L. 6-7 (7:2S fin ) The scribe left the end of line 6 blank and a large indentation in line 7 before
chapter 8; remainder of line left blank 1 QIsaa; £l BHS.
L. 8 (8:2) [ili'DH,j. The reconstruction follows 4QlsaemO, not 1Qlsaa~.
Col. IV Isa 8:8 or 8:10? (Jain frg. 29)

In Jain's reconstruction of the scroll, this fragment is placed near the top of col. IV.
The fragment comprises two pieces, joined at line 3. Unfortunately, the only letters that
can be identified confidently are ]~'Jr:l1), which combination occurs only in 7:14,8:8, or
8: 1O. Due to the preservation of numerous fragments from the top of the scroll, one of
the latter two placements is probable, since they would fit near the top of col. IV,
whereas the placement of 7: 14 would be in the lower middle part of col. II 1. On SHR
4265-68 the letters are in mirror image; they appear correctly on SHR 4273.
Col. V: Frg. a Isa 10:16-19 (Suk. frg. 1 i)
In Jain's reconstruction, this fragment is placed near the top of the column. Many of
the small fragments that Sukenik identified from eols. V to XV come from the top of
the scroll. The left margin is preserved, extending to the following column.
L. 1 (10:15) [MJ. The reconstruction is with 1QIsaamms, not n~, with m Lmss (d. BHS note).
L. 1 (10:15) ["O'"1OJ. The reconstruction is with 1QIsaam L , not '0"0 with mmss6)(vid)SO.
1 (10:16) rl1il['. Sukenik transcribed this word as ,il[ (a variant text). The he-waw are certain, but
L.
the right downstroke of a second possible he can be seen above the mast of lamed in the line below.
L. 2 (10:17) '1~. The left side of 'alep is visible on the edge of the leather.
L. ~ (10:19) ["5" f5'J. The MS presumably contained these words with 1QIsaama'a'6'; > ~ .
L. 5 (10:19) There was probably an interval before the new section; end of line left blank 1QIsa';
fJBHS.
L.5 (10:19) The letters in the last line are difficult to identify, and spacing offers no clue, since
the length of the presumed interval cannot be determined.
Col. V: Frg. b Isa 12:3-13:8 (Barth. frg. 2)
In Jain's reconstruction, this fragment is positioned near the bottom of the column.
There appears to be extraneous bits of leather with ink along the right edge, confusing
the beginnings of the first three lines.
L. 1 (12:3) ii5"tb o o [ . The ink strokes at the right edge are incompatible with the expected he and
yod (mrUD'i1 1QIsaam); see the general NOTE above.
L. 1 (12:4) cnti~i. The ending is reconstructed with m, not with 1QIsaalf) (i1n,~').
L. 1 (12:4) [1"i1j. This word is reconstructed with me, not with 1Qlsaa (1i1~).
L. 2 (12:4) 0[. The slant of the descender on the edge of the leather appears incompatible with waw
(1'n1?'?D 1QIsaa; m?- m).
L. 2 (12:4) ,,'~fi1. The zayin has been almost completely abraded from the leather.
L. 2 (12:5) [nDi'O ... mi1'J. The first word is reconstructed with m and the second with m q; d.
(l1.Pi'O m L)n1JrT'1O '" mi1'? 1QIsaa.
L. 3-~ (12:6 fin ) The scribe left a long interval, presumably the end of line 3 plus a long indentation,
partly preserved, before the new chapter; end of line left blank 1Q'Isa"; fJ BHS.
L. ~ (13: 1) [1i1'DrD' i1ti1J. In view of the general affinity of this MS with m, these two words are
reconstructed with m, not with l Qfsa- (i1'DrD' nrn),
L. 5 (13:2) ['~~'1J. The reconstruction is with ma'a'a:O; cf. ~,~, lQIsaa; '~:J' 4QIsaaS; > 6).
L. 7 (13:4) miT'. The left side of he 2· has been abraded from the leather.
L. 7 (13:4) ni~~. Traces of the tops of 'alep , waw, and taw are visible on the bottom edge of the
leather.
L. 10 (13:8) ['J!)J. This word is reconstructed with 4QIsaa4QIsabma:0, not with 1Q'Isa" ('E').
Col. VI: Frgs. a-b Isa 13:16-19 (Suk. frgs. 1 ii, 2 i)
In Jain's reconstruction, these fragments are placed near the top of the column. The
right and left margins are preserved, extending into the adjacent columns. The lines in
this column are generally wider than those in the previous one.
L.1 (13:16) ['OrD'J. In view of the general affinity of 1QIsa b with m, this reconstruction follows
4QIsa ama:, not 1QIsaaS (100';).
L. 2 (13:16) i1J•• jcbn. It is impossible to determine whether this MS had the original i1J?JrDn with
4QIsaam LSO or the euphemistic i1J:J:>rDn with lQIsaamqa:(vid); EeOU<HV ~; aUyKOLTaaEn)aoVTaL a'; rrapaXPTla-
En)aOVTaL a'; aXEEn)aoVTaL 6' (d. 4QDeut C mat Deut 28:30 and see b. Meg. 2Sb).
L. 2 (13:17) [':JrDn'l. This word is reconstructed with m, not with 1QIsaa (:J'rDn').
NOTES ON lQIsa b 215
L. 3 (13:18) O'i.11]o. Presuming that Suk. frgs. 1 ii and 2 i are correctly aligned, the expected reading
after n1nIDp[' at the end of line 2 is C'i.11J (thus 1QIsaam ; VEaV(UKWV Iti). The remnant of the first letter,
however, does not appear fully inconsistent with nun.
L.3 (13:18) ['~,]. Spacing suggests the shorter reading with m, not the longer 'i£)'.tn as in 1QIsaa.
L. 3 (13:18) [,.11]. The reconstruction is with m-, not with 1QIsaammss ('j1,).
Col. VI: Frgs. c-d Isa 15:2-16:3 (Barth. frg. 3)

In Jain's reconstruction, this fragment is positioned near the bottom left side of the
column. Neither the beginnings nor the endings are preserved for any of the lines, and
there are no major intervals to help determine the likely positions of the surviving
letters in their lines. Thus, the layout presented here is plausible, but not certain.
L. 1-2 (15:2-3) ["''' ... "''']. These forms are reconstructed with m, not 1QIsaa (""il' ... '''').
L. 1 (15:2)
L. 1 (15:2)
?:;f1]. The text is reconstructed with 1QIsaammss5q;fO, although
[il.11'iJ]. The reconstruction follows 1QIsaam L , not mmss (il.tniJ).
':l
L. 1 (15:2) [ID~i]. The reconstruction follows mmsslti (d. jer 48:37), not m L (1'~i) or 1QIsa" (1ID'~i).
(m L ) is also possible.
L. 1 (15:3) [il'n~,n:l]. The reading is reconstructed with 1Qlsaa (il'm~-), which is consistent with
the two 3 fem. sg. possessive pronouns later in the verse (il'n'JJ, il'n:Jni:l1). The three endings in m L are
inconsistent (1'n-. rrn-, rrn-): cf. BHS note.
L. 1 (15:3) [pID]. At this point Iti has a longer text (UUKKOVC: Kat KOlTTEU6E), but spacing shows that
1QIsab had the shorter reading with 1QIsaam.
L.2 (15:3) ii' [. There is a small space before
blemish or an interval; d. the NOTE at 16:10 below.
ii" but it is difficult to determine whether it is a
L. 3 (15:5) filn'i:l]. The reconsruction is with m, not 1QIsaa (mni:l); EV aimJ (= i1n~i:l?) e.
L. 4 (15:5) ':l:l:l n;n'ii. There is a space of two letters' width between the two words.
L. 4 (15:5) ['i.11.t1']. This reading is reconstructed with m although, as evidenced by the BHS note,
the preferred reading is debated; cf. 1QIsaa.
L. 5 (15:6) [ii'il]. The reconstructed form is with m, not 1QIsaa (~'ii~); E'uTaL e.
L. 7 (15:9) [1'O'i] 2'. This form is indicated by its occurrence earlier in the verse (thus also m);
cf. 1'J'i bis 1QIsa"O (see VAR.)
L. 8 (15:9) [il'i~]. The reconstruction is with m, not i11i~ with lQl saa, or Kat APLTJA with \ti.
L. 8 (15:9) n'i~ID'[" It is impossible to confirm whether the scroll had n'i~ID" with mlti(vid), or
n'i~~ with 1QIsa".
L. 8 (16:1) ,ri'?tb 1 iio'~' The scribe left no interval before the new chapter; no interval l Q'lsa'' BHS.
L. 8 (16:1) [.11';lo0]. The reconstructed form is with mlti, not lQIsa" (ii';loo).
L. 9(16:3) ['~'Jii]. This reconstruction (imperative masc. pI.) seems preferable to the form '~':lti
(imperative fem. sg.) found in m q rnss and the versions for three reasons: It corresponds with m L ; 1QIsaa
presents a similar imperative masc. pl. form (":lti); and there is a second imperative masc. pl. form two
words later ('ID.11).
L. 10 (16:3) ['ID.11]. The reconstruction is with 1QIsa"m L , not 'ID.11 with mmssd)Aq;o.
Col. VII: Frgs. a-b Isa 16:5-12 (Suk. frgs. 2 ii, 3 i)

These fragments are placed very near the top of the column in Jain's reconstruction;
note that 16:3 is near the bottom of col. VI. Both the right and left margins are
preserved, extending into the adjacent columns. The ~, in the second line of frg. a
plausibly aligns with :J~'O? in the second line of frg. b. The letter above ~, is best read
as 'ayin or sin. Sukenik wrote 'ayin, but the only word in Isa 16:5-7 beginning with
that letter is 1"11 (early in v 5) which, on the basis of spacing, cannot begin the line
immediately above t6. If read as sin, [!)EllD provides a reconstruction that neatly fits the
space requirements. Problematic, however, is the letter in line 1 of frg. b with the long
tail (1, 1, 9, or r) above lamed in j~,o'. The only such letter in rn in v 6 before ~, is the
final nun in p~J, which falls too early in the line. A possible solution is to read
[,niJ.l1 ]f['~J'] (cf. nlv U1T€Pll<Pav(av ~) instead of ,niJ.l1' 'J'~J' with 1QIsaa rn.
L.1 (16:5) There was probably no interval before v 6; small interval 1Qlsaa; no interval BHS.
L.1 (16:6) [il~]. The noun is reconstructed with 1Qlsaammss, not the adjective tll) with m-.
L.1 (16:6) hm:w 1711tllJ1]. For this reconstruction, see the general NOTE above.
L.2-3 (16:6-7) ]tll'?I'tZ7'tZ7]tll'? For the identification tll'? in v 6, rather than part of 'tZ7'tZ7tll? in v 7 (thus
Sukenik), see the general NOTE above.
L.2 (16:6) If the juxtaposition of the fragments is correct for this line, the scribe must have left a
large interval before v 7; no interval 1Qfsa"; 0 BHS.
L.2 (16:7) ,i';(:J]. The bottom tip of lamed is faintly visible before the two tips of he.
L. 3 (16:8) [??o~j. This word is reconstructed with m, not with 1Qlsaa (il'?'?Otll).
L.3-5 (16:8-9) [ilO::lrD-]o"J '?.l1::l. Present in lQlsabm~, these words are missing from lQl saa due to
parablepsis (i10::ltZ7 1£1) nilO::ltZ7 l£lJ)·
L.5 (16:9) [100i~]. Perhaps l"it' (see BHS note); m has the problematic 1"itll, whereas 1Qlsaa~
read 1'n~ = Tel 8E:v8pa emu.
L. 6 (16:10) [pij. The Pu'al is reconstructed with m, although the Qal 1:Di' (1Qlsaa~) is also possible.
L. 6 (16:10) The scribe left a large interval between v 10a and 10b; no interval 1Q'Isa" BHS (note
also mid-'verse' intervals in lQlsab at 26:2b; 43:11b; 59:1b; and 66:20b).
L. 7 (16:10fi n ) The relative positions of the preserved words in lines 5-8 indicate that the scribe left
an interval before v 11; small space 1Q I sa"; no interval BHS.
L. 8 (16:12) [~?J ... il'il1j. The reconstructions are with m~, not with lQl saa (~::l ... rrrr).
Col. VII: Frg. c Isa 19:7-17 (Barth. frg. 4)
In Jain's reconstruction, this fragment is positioned near the bottom and towards the
left side of the column. Since the beginnings or endings are not preserved for any of
the lines, and there is only one preserved midline interval, the layout presented here is
plausible, but not certain.
L. 1 (19:7) -;[tll' ]000{. Traces of several possible letters are visible along the top edge of the leather
above ':J'?~O in line 2; though spacing suggests '?1', the traces do not match. The reconstruction -;[~, is
based on the occurrence in line 2, rather than the form '1tll' in lQlsaam; > ~.
L. 1-4 (19:7-11) The top left side of the fragment is blackened, obliterating the letters on the left
edges, and making the preceding letters difficult to identify.
L.1 (19:7) [9'J]. The reconstruction is with 4Qlsabma:::O, not 1Qlsaa (9'J').
L.2 (19:7) [1JJ'~1]. This word is reconstructed with 4Qlsa bma:::SO, not 1Qlsaa (1::l rtll1); > e.
L.2 (19:8) [e'J'';']. The reconstruction is with 4QlsabmL(e'J~1il)~a:::50,not 1Qlsaa (e'J'il).
L.2 (19:8) [e'o 'J£l '?.l1]. The scroll presumably contained this phrase with 1Qlsaam; > ~.
L.4 (19: tOEin ) Spacing suggests that the scribe may have left a small interval before v 11; no
interval 1Qlsaa BHS.
L. 5 (19: 11) [C'O:Jilj. This word is reconstructed with 4Qlsabm~a:::50, not 1Qlsaa (e'On).
L. 6 (19:13) ;-;10 1~IOJ. Several letters are barely legible since much of the ink has been abraded
from the surface of the leather.
L. 7 (19:14) [lOC]. The form follows lQlsaam~50, not 1]oJ as in 4Qlsab (d. il:J10Jil il:JOCi11 Isa 25:7).
L. 7 (19: 14) C'[.l111'. This MS probably had the shorter form with m, not the longer e"1'1,l' with 1Qlsaa.
L. 8 (19: 15) The scribe either left a short interval before 15b or skipped over a blemish in the
NOTES ON 1QIsab 217
leather (note the diagonal wrinkle). There does not appear to have been an interval at the end of the
verse, but there is an interval in 1Q'Isa" and BHS (0) before v 16, and an interval after (16) ~"'iiT Oi'::1 in
4QIsab (see VAR.). For other examples in lQIsab of spaces within 'verses' see 16:10; 26:2b; 43:11b; 59:1b;
and 66:20b.
L. 9 (19:16) [rJ'JO]. The reconstructed form is with m, not with lQIsaa ('i' 9'J"0).
L. 10 (19:17) [iTn'in]. The reconstruction is with m, not with lQIsaa which reads n"iTi (contra r-m
Burl and "iT, Bur"),
Li ro (19:17) [~.o]. The presumed reading is with lQIsaam6)C[,SO, not i' rnron as in 4QIsab (d. v 16).
The two fragments a-b are placed near the top of the column in Jain's reconstruction.
Both the right and left margins are preserved. The relative positioning of the two
pieces is dependent on lines 6-7 and 9 where the initial words are n)M (v 23), iWM (v 25),
and onl;l]', (20:1). This juxtaposition was not possible in Sukenik's edition, where the
second letter in line 7 was identified as 'ayin (-.oM).
L. 1-2 (19:20) [n~, ... ii'inJ. The reconstructions are with 4QIsab m, not with 1QIsaa (n'nli ... iT"m).
L. I (19:20) [n'~::1~]. This word is reconstructed with lQIsaam; > «).
L. 1 (19:20) O"~P r'i~::1. There is a clear descending stroke on the edge of the leather. In v 20 the
only possibilities for this letter are final sade (r'~::1) and qop (iP3.1~'). With no evidence for a variant text,
spacing requires ri~::1.
L.2 (19:20) [::1,,]. The reconstructed text is with m6)(KpLVWV), not with 1Qlsaa (ii'i) .
L. 3 (19:21) ["::l3.li ~'iTiT 0"::1 rrrr). Spacing indicates that, as in m6), there was no interval before 0"::1,
which also confirms reconstruction of the verb ii::1lTl (d. ii::l.I7' ~"'ii1 0"::1 vacat i11i1' in 1QIsaa).
L. 4- (19:22) [~'E)"]. The reconstruction is with m; d. 'E)'~' 1Q'Isa-; Kat LaanaL airrouc; LaaH 6).
L. 4- (19:23) ~iiTiT. Traces of two letters are visible after the second he.
L. 6 (19:23 f ;0) It is difficult to know whether the scribe left a short interval before v 24; short
midline interval l Q'Isa- (XVI 1); 0 BHS.
L. 7 (19:25) "rbM. Although the first two letters have been partly abraded from the leather,
sufficient ink remains for them to be recognized as 'alep and sin.
L.8 (20:1) The scribe apparently left a large interval before the new chapter. In 1QIsaa the new
division is signalled by the end of the previous line left blank and a paragraphos inserted in the right
margin (XVI 3-4); 0 BHS.
L. 8 (20: 1) l;[J'O. Traces of two letters are visible below "rbM in line 7, the second being most
compatible with final nun; cf.l~ col. VIIc 6 (Isa 19:13); p«lW VIIIc-e 4- (Isa 22:13).
L.8 (20:1) ii«l(~. The dot of ink on the right edge of the leather is part of sin, not the preceding
'alep,
L. 9 (20: 1) On?];;. Close inspection of the leather reveals a probable waw and the trace of another
letter that is compatible with yod.
Col. VIII: Frgs. c-e Isa 22:9-20 (DFU frg. 1 + Barth. frgs. 5, 7)
In Jain's reconstruction, the large fragment d-e is positioned near the bottom and
towards the left side of the column. But the right margin of frg. c as well as the major
interval in line 6 with the relative positions of n['M:J~) in line 6 and iO[M iT:> in line 7 place
the fragment at the right side of the column. Frg. c, Barthelemy's unidentified frg. 7, is
the first of twelve fragments identified by Nathaniel Dykstra and confirmed or revised
by the editors.
L. 2 (22:11) o'Jrnm. The reconstruction is with mL 6) , not 1Qlsaa (ni01riiT).
L.2 (22:11) ;C[". The bottom left tip of a letter such as mem is visible on the edge of the leather.
L.2 (22:11) [~]. This word is reconstructed with 4QIsacm, not lQIsa3 ("11).
L.3 (22:11 fin) There is no interval before v 12; thus also BHS. In lQIsa 3 col. XVII, however, only
the final word of v 11 appears on line 16, with the remainder left blank and v 12 beginning on the new
line (17).
L.4 (22:13) ,nco, ... nmfZ11. These two words are reconstructed with lQIsa3 B H S , not with 4QIsac
(which has 'lrn" for n,nw,) or 4QIsa3 (i1rnn for 'lrn").
L.5 (22:14) lJ:)" ];tt:l'. The shorter text is reconstructed with 4QIsacm6), not the longer reading
found in 1Qlsa3 (iTr.D? CO? 'EJ'·).
L. 6 (22: 14 fin) The scribe left blank most of the line before beginning v 15 on the next line.
Because line 7 most likely began with iO[~ i1" these words (and li'~::l~l in line 6) are placed at the right
margin. In 1QIsaa col. XVII, only the final two words of v 14 appear on line 21, with the remainder left
blank and v 15 starting on the new line (22); £l BHS.
L.7 (22:15) ~b. The scribe originally wrote ~'::l (= 1QIsaa). It is difficult to determine whether he
erased the waw (~::l m), or whether it was subsequently abraded.
L.7 (22:15) [~12'. This word is reconstructed as?~ (not ?111' with mL) due to the overwhelming
manuscript support of lQIsaa4Qlsafmmss6)(vid)O::, and the fact that it is in apposition with ~ 1'.
L.8 (22:16) 'f.l{,. The bottom left tip of mem is visible on the edge of the leather.
L.9 (22:18) [iTElJ~ lEJ~' ~'J~]. The reconstruction is with 4QIsaam; d. i1ElJ~ i1'EJJ~' ~'J~ lQIsa 3
(contra i1EJ~ i1'EJJ~' ~'J~ Burl); i1El'~ lEJi~' ~'J~ 4QIsaf; KaL T<W C1Tl<t>av6v (= ~'J~) C10U ... 18Ka L ptl/sEl C1E If);
coronans coronabit te tribulatione 0
L, 11 (22:20) O,·]:i. Traces of a letter consistent with bet are visible on the bottom edge of the
leather.
In Jain's reconstruction, this fragment is placed very near the top of the column, In
Sukenik's edition, the fragment was placed at the left margin, with a large indentation
at the right margin of his line 4 before chapter 23. Allowing three regular lines of text,
however, between the last preserved line of col. VII I and the first preserved line of
col. IX, it seems preferable to locate this fragment in the centre of the column, with
the end of line 3 left blank before chapter 23,
g
L.2 (22:25) [miT']. The reconstruction is with 1QIsa a4QIsa 3mlf)a:SO, not 4QIsaflf)Qm (iiiii; 'J~).
L. 3 (22:25 fin) The scribe left a large interval, part of which is preserved, before beginning the new
chapter; remainder of line left blank 1QIsa3 (XVIII 4); o BHS.
L. 4 (23:1) ['?''''i1]. This word is reconstructed with 4QIsa3m, not 1Qlsa3 ('''''''~).
L.4 (23: 1) fb[·fZl1n. For the top part of sin, cf. ~non in line 2 (lsa 22:25). The bottom portion has
been abraded from the leather.
L. 4-5 (23:1-2) [,0,2,0?]. The scroll presumably read '01 2 '0" with lQIsa3ma'C1'a:SO, not ;01;0,,(2)
with 4QIsa 3 , or '0' '0?2 (2nvl 0IlOLOl 'YE'Y6vaC1LV) with If).
L. 5 (23:2) oo[::l11. There are traces of two letters at the edge of the leather, the first consistent with
res or dalet, (but not bet, cf. i::ll1 mS), and the second consistent with waw or yod (d. "::l11 1QIsa3 , i'::ll1
4QIsa 3 , 'j::l11. 1f)[8la1TEpWVTEc;]a:O). They are not transcribed in Sukenik's edition.
L. 5 (23:2) 10~"0. The sources differ on this difficult reading, with T::l~"O in 1QIsa3 , 1~?0 in
4QIsaa, and l'~"O in ma:so; it is lacking in If) (see VAR.). Sukenik transcribed it as l'~?C, and the
penultimate letter, though it seems shaped more like yod, can be wow; cf. "pEJ' and nl10 in IXb-f 6 and 10
below, and ,." in XXIV 2 (Isa 55:3).
L. 5-6 (23:3) [·iTm-,,~·]. The scroll had the longer text with 'i1m-,,~' 1QIsa3m; these words are
lacking in If).
NOTES ON 1QIsab 219
L.7 (23:4) mJ~[1nJ:i. The top of lamed below '::J in line 7 seems assured, and the top of the first
letter is consistent with bet.
Col. IX: Frgs. b-f Isa 24:18-25:8 (Barth. frg. 6)
In Jain's reconstruction, this fragment is placed near the left margin of the column,
and the bottom margin is preserved. There appear to be disturbed bits of leather with
ink along the left edge of lines 12-13 and extraneous ink marks just below and to the left
of i':l1D::l in line 3.
L. 4 (24:20fin ) The scribe left a midline interval before v 21; end of line blank plus paragraphos
1Qlsaa, c BHS.
L. 7 (25:1) The scribe left a small interval before chapter 25; end of line blank 1QlsaB , !' BHS.
L. 12 (25:6) There is no interval before v 6; end of line blank l Qfsa", !' BHS.
Col. X Isa 26:1-5 (Suk. frg. 6 i)
In Jain's reconstruction of the scroll, this fragment is placed near the top of the
column. The left margin is preserved, extending to the following column. It is difficult
to determine whether the dark marks in lines 0 and 5 are integral parts of this fragment.
L. 2 (26:2) The scribe left a small interval between v 2a and 2b; no interval 1QlsaB BHS (note also
mid-'verse' intervals in 1Qlsab at 16:10b; 43:11b; 59:1b; and 66:20b).
The right and left margins are preserved, the right extending to the previous column.
L. 1 (28: 15) 1~:J'. A tear in the leather distorts the right side of bet.
L. 2 (28:15 fin ) Spacing indicates that the scribe left a small interval before v 16; indentation plus
paragraphos 1QlsaB ; c m.
L. 6 (28: 19) 000. Traces of ink belonging to two or three letters are visible on the bottom edge of
the leather in the position where one would expect 01':J.
Col. XI: Frgs. d-e Isa 29: 1-8 (Suk. frg. 7)
In Jain's reconstruction, this fragment is placed near the right margin of the column.
The relative positions of the remaining letters show that Sukenik was correct in
beginning the chapter 29 in line 3 without any indentation (see NOTE).
L. 1-2 (28:29) The cramped letters in these lines betray mispositioned pieces of leather, and none of
them fit the expected words of v 29; see the similar phenomenon in col. XV frgs. d-e.
L. 5 (29:3) ;i:i~[o. Although 1Qlsaa m have :J~o, three tips of a letter are visible following the
bottom corner of sade and the horizontal base of bet, and they would well match he. The alternative
gender of nouns is met occasionally in the Bible and in Qumran texts, and note that :J~O is used
frequently in 1 Samuel 14 but that i1~O occurs once in that narrative at 1 Sam 14: 12.
L. 6-7 (29:4-5) The relative positions of the words on the fragment indicate that the text of the
scroll was two or three words shorter than m; the words were possibly lost through parablepsis or written
supralinearly.
L. 11 (29:8) The dark marks may be part of v 8 or possibly a mispositioned piece of leather.
Part of the left margin is preserved.

L. 3 (30:11 fin) Spacing indicates that the scribe left a midline interval before v 12; remainder of
line left blank 1QIsaa; 0 m.
L. 5 (30:13) .i1n£l~. The final letter is not clear; Sukenik had transcribed it as het (nnEl'?), but it is
equally if not better seen as 'ayin (Vn£l'? lQIsaam) rather than het,
L. 7 (30:14£in) Spacing indicates that the scribe left a midline interval before v 15; remainder of
line left blank 1 QIsaa; !) m.
Col. XII: Frgs. c-d Isa 30:21-26 (Suk. frg. 9)

L. 1 (30:21) There are two indecipherable letters at the top of the fragment.
L. 2-3 (30:21-22) If the identification of the reading is correct, the relative positions of the words
on the upper fragment indicate that the text of the scroll may have been two or three words shorter than
1QIsaamG). The relation of the upper fragment to the lower is uncertain, but it is possible that the first
ink stroke on line 4 of the upper fragment is the top of the nun in ftb, on the lower fragment.
L. 4 (30:23) f!;ii{ 1. The word could be either rrrn with m or rrn with 1QlsaaG).
Col. XI II Isa 32:17-20 (Jain frg. 22)

L. 3 (32:20) The relative positions of n1JJMrD in v 18 and l:l~'i~[M in v 20 indicate a large interval
before v 20; small midline interval 1Qfsa"; no interval m.

This small fragment probably comes from the top left part of the column.
Col. XV: Frgs. a-f Isa 37:7-13 (DFU frgs. 2-4 + Suk. frg. 11)
The left margin is preserved, extending to the following column. Along the left edge of
frgs. d and e there appear to be mispositioned bits of leather with ink; for example, in
line 4 ,~ probably followed iO~', but the ink marks do not correspond.
L. 1 (37:7) 1101Z7i. The reading is clear, except that the first letter could be waw or yod. The
placement, however, is conjectural, since l1CIZ7 preceded by waw or yod occurs about eighteen times in
Isaiah. But its placement here is supported by the large number of fragments that survive from the top
lines of many columns throughout the scroll. Verse 9 in line 3 begins with 1101Z7'1, but there remains a
preference for this position in v 7 insofar as a small amount of clear leather continues to the right,
suggesting that only one letter (V0IZ71), not two (Dr.lIZ7'1), preceded sin in this word.
L. 3 (37:9) vol~;; 2°. The transcription follows m rather than 1Qlsaa~(:l11Z7'1 l1CIZ7'1; Kat dxouonc
<1TTECJTpEljJE), but the word could also simply be :l1Z7'1 with 2 Kgs 19:9.

The top, right, and left margins are preserved for this column, which probably ended at
Isa 41:2 (rvp:». Several letters in the lower lines (e.g. 16--26) are very difficult to decipher.
L. 1 (38:12) ~;'M~. The apparent mark in the line above and to the left of lamed is probably not
ink since it is in the top margin.
L. 1 (38:12) In view of the general affinity of this MS with m, the final word in line 1 is more likely
'n,Elf' with m, and less likely 'niElO with 1QIsaa.
L.2 (38:12-13) Verse 13 was either accidentally omitted through homoioteleuton (d. 'JC''?lZ7n at the
end of both v 12 and v 13 in lQIsaa and m) or possibly added in the m tradition.
L.2 (38:14) o;o~. The third letter looks more like yod (= mmS) than waw (= lQl saa m L ) , if the
scribe intended to differentiate (but see 1mC'1 in line 9). O'O~ is probably to be expected; cf. mq jer 8:7.
NOTES ON lQlsab 221
L. 4 (38: 1 5) [mOD]. Although too little text is preserved to ascertain whether the scroll had illZl51 with
m, or the longer" illZlD with l.Q'Isa", the shorter reading is more probable.
L. (38:15) The tip of a letter is visible above iiJil (v 17) in line s.
4
L. (38:16) lilJ. Below and following this word there appear to be ink marks, possibly from
4
another layer of leather (see the NOTES on lines 6 and 7). The longer form found in 1QIsaa (ilOil::J) would
be inconsistent with this MS.
L. 5 (38: 17) ';';0[. There is insufficient ink to determine whether the scroll had "::J with m, or ',?"
with l Olsa-.
L.6 (38:17) '~on. There appears to be ink from two or more letters above the line, although one
expects no corrections here; perhaps they are from a different layer of the skin (see NOTES on lines 4, 7).
L. 6 (38:18) linn. The leather is damaged, but from the remaining indications the third letter
looks more like 'ayin than dalet (l"n m, il""n 1QIsaa). There appears to be no top horizontal stroke but
rather a horizontal base stroke (ink?) continuing across to the hap; d. the 'ayin in ilD'IZl' at XXVI 27, and
note both the lack of the negative before n,o (see VAR.) and the word il51' in Isa 28: 17. In certain hands
dalet and 'ayin are easily confused; see 4QDanc in DJD XVI.27o-71 with PI. XXXIV.
L. 7 (38:19) Oi']il. On some photographs there is simply a gap between the he and the waw; on the
Sukenik plate there appears to be leather with ink, but it is probably intrusive (see NOTES on lines 4, 6).
L. 9-10 (38:22) The scribe left blank the entire line 10, plus a small amount at the end of the
previous line, before chapter 39; c BHS; see 1Ol sa".
L. 11 (39:1) N';iiil. The right half of he 2" has worn or has been abraded from the leather.
L. 12 (39:2) [iin"J]. This word is reconstructed with ilt'DJ mL6)(VEXwea); roJ m q ; ,'roJ 1QIsaa.
L. 15 (39:3) There is a short indentation and probably a small blank space at the end of the
previous line, before v 3. An interval also occurs at the corresponding place (XXXII 19) in 1QIsaa, with
the second half of the line left blank after v 2; no interval BHS.
L. 15 (39:3) C['IZlJ~il. The final mem can be seen at the edge of the leather, across the margin from
CJ,tZ1'? in XVII 15.
L.20 (39:7) [100]. This word is reconstructed with 4QIsab m, il"DOO 1Qlsaa.
L. 22 (39:8) The bottom tips of some letters, presumably from 'O'::J noN' c,':lIZl, are visible along the
top edge of the fragment containing 40:1-4 (Suk. frg. 12).
L. 22 (39:8) The scribe left an interval of more than half of line 22 before chapter 40; remainder of
line blank 1QIsaa; !l BHS.
L. 24 (40:2) There was apparently no interval before v 3; interval 1Qfsa"; c BHS.
L. 27 (40:5) The leather appears to be blank, which suggests an interval before v 6; remainder of
line left blank 1 Qf sa"; e BHS.
Col. XVII Isa 41: 3-24 (Suk. col. 2, DFU frgs. 5-6, Jain frg. 24)
The top, right, and left margins are preserved for this column, which probably ended
with the final word of Isa 42:25 (:l~).
L. 3 (41:5) There is a small interval of about two letters' width before v 6; no inrerval l QIsas BHS.
L. 4 (41:7) ::J'o. The scribe inserted waw above the line; ::J'lO l Qlsa" m.
L. 5 (41:7) ~? The bottom tip of lamed is visible, with discoloration below to its right, thus
appearing as waw. Sukenik had read ~'h (~" 1Q'lsa-, ~, m), but there is not enough space for both waw
and lamed; see ~'" the first word two lines below.
L. 5 (41:7) There is no interval before v 8; remainder of line left blank lQI saa; c BHS.
L. 5 (41 :8) ~'IZl'. The 'alep is written over 'ayin; note iim" vs. ilM' m immediately before.
L. 6 (41:9) l'nin o . The first letter is so damaged that it is difficult to identify (l'nin::J 1Qlsaa m 6).
The light traces remaining do not look particularly like bet, though bet is not impossible; d. the bet in
O,:J (col. XVIII 9).
L. 8 (41 :10) There is a small interval of two to three letters' width before v 11; no interval 1Qlsaa BHS.
L. 9 (41:11) As in m, there is no interval before v 12; remainder of line and following line left
blank 1Qlsaa.
L. 10 (41:13) ?[l'. Along the left edge of the leather there is a faint sliver of ink consistent with
lamed.
L. 10 (41:13) There is no interval before v 14; short interval LQ'Isa"; 0 BHS.
L. 14 (41:16) The scribe left an interval of almost half a line before v 17; rest of line left blank
lQlsaa; El BHS.
L. IS (41:18) ?[.t1. The top tip of lamed is visible on the bottom edge of the leather just to the left
of the descender of final nun in I'tt1 (line 14); cf. ~;q)' just above.
L. 17 (41:19) [ii1 on]. It is uncertain whether this scroll read iiiin with lQl saa or iii,n with m
(ef. VAR. at 45:2).
L. 19 (41: 20) The scribe evidently left most of the line blank before v 21 began on line 20; one
third of line left blank before v 21 on the same line l Q'Isa''; e BHS.
L. 21 (41:22) ]n[tt. On the top edge of the fragment there is a trace of ink consistent with the
bottom left extender of taw; however, other letters are also possible.
L. 23 (41:24) [~oJ. This word is reconstructed in place of the unique form .t1~o in m on the basis
of a:: and 0.,'(O.t10 ~ in v 29; > lQlsaa.
L. 24 (41:24) An interval was left before v 25; small interval l Q'Isa"; no interval BHS.
Col. XVIII Isa 43:1-14, 20-27 (Suk. col. 3, frg. 13)
The top, right, and left margins are preserved for this column, which ended at Isa
44:21 (?MilZ7'1). In the middle of lines 3-8, along the right edge of the left fragment, there
appears to be extra leather with writing, possibly from another layer.
L. 3 (43:2) (o~'o[J. The words are written without word-division (~ 10J 1Olsa- m). The scribe left
no interval before v 3; end of line 1Qfsa"; no interval BHS.
L. 4 (43:3) l'J01. The samek could be mistaken for sin, but ef. 1E)~'1 five lines below.
L. 5 (43:4) iiJMt For the he, ef. rttn two lines below.
L. 6 (43:5) l.t1'1r. Zayin and reS are written so close together that they might give the appearance of
dalet; but cf. .t1it (col. XVII 5).
L. 7 (43:6) 1~':J.'. This reconstruction (= l Q'Isa"; ef. '~- m) takes into account the following forms
TnJ:n ... l'j[:J (contrast 'n1J:J1 ... 'JJ 1Q'Isa" md), with the north and the south being addressed together.
Note, however, ~'~1~ O~'~1ii I Olsa-, ~'~'ii m) in v 8 (see VAR.).
L. 10 (43:9) 1J.l1']6[(O'. The trace of a letter is visible on the bottom edge of the leather; mem is the
most likely possibility.
L. 12 (43:10) ["JE)!;lj. The third-person suffix is reconstructed in agreement with "iri~[, in the
following clause ('in~1 ... 'JE)? lQlsaa m; see VAR.).
L. 12 (43:10) There is no interval before v 11; rest of line left blank 1Qlsaa; 0 BHS.
L. 13 (43:llb) This line has a small indentation before v 11b (no interval lQlsaa m); note also mid-
'verse' intervals in lQlsa b at 16:10b; 26:2b; 59:1b; and 66:20b.l'~ is reconstructed against r~1 l Qfsa'' m,
in light of the interval separating v 11b from 11a.
L. H (43:13) ?ji>E)~. It is uncertain whether the MS read n?1'E)~ with 1QIsa a(n?11'-) or !;l1'E)~ with m.
L. IS (43:13) An interval probably followed v 13; remainder of line left blank lQl saa; 0 BHS.
L. 15 (43:14) C[::lj!;lt\[J. If the preceding interval is assumed, the clear lamed probably belongs to
C::l!;ll'J. It cannot be either lamed of C::lJ.t10!;l!;ll'i(O" because the top of the adjacent lamed should also be
visible on the bottom edge of the leather. It is possible, but less likely, that the lamed belongs to 'nn!;l(O
later in the verse.
L. 22 (43:20) The reconstruction of this line is tenuous.
NOTES ON lQIsab 223
L.23 (43:21) An interval, partially preserved, preceded v 22; indented interval 1QI saa; 0 BHS.
L. 24(43:23) ni~;:j,i[. Although Sukenik read M'[:1.' (= n~;[:1.' 4Qlsag , ~'~'j mL ) , the badly abraded
letters may better be read as the alternate form I;1i~':;3.':) (i1n,~- 1Q Isa-),
L. 26 (43:24) The extant letters and their position in relation to text in line 27 suggest that the scribe
left no interval before v 25; short interval l Qfsa"; 0 BHS.
L. 29 (43:28) The scribe left an interval that is partly preserved; interval within line 1Q'Isa"; 0 BHS.

The stitched right margin and the left margin are preserved for this column, which
ended at Isa 46:3 (JC!)J). That ';,Jl1 is on the top line of the column is clear from the
relation of this column's lines to column XX.
L. I (44:21) o[]. The first letter is difficult; what remains does not look like yod (d. ,~ m), but,
depending upon the damage, it could be yod.
L. 2 (44:22) As in mthere is no interval before v 23; remainder of line left blank lQlsaa.
L. 2-3 (44:22-23) The tiny fragment in the top right comer has rotated 30· clockwise; note the
comparable distortion at the left end of line 12. Thus, the beginning of line 3 (with ':::l and the right side
of 'ayin) now appear before i'.11rDEJ in line 2; the beginning of line 2 (with the top and bottom of kap and
the top right tip of 'ayin) appear in the margin below line I. Sukenik had read [:wp (2) and ;w[3J ':::ll (3).
L. 3-6 (44:23-25) At or near the end of each line, Jain frg.25 (first identified by E. Puech)
preserves additional text beyond that in Sukenik's edition. Compare -;b~ with [i.11' (Sukenik line 3);
;'1;1' io[~ with m[;,' (line 4); ',:J? O'o[rD with ',:J[? (line 5); and J;rDO '?[?,." with :J['rDO (line 6).
L. 4 (44:23) There is insufficient space for an interval before v 24; midline interval lQIsa3; El BHS.
L.6 (44:24) 'n~[. It is difficult to determine, but spacing suggests that the MS read 'n~ '0 with
1 QIsa3('n~ ~'o) 4QIsab mL mss 6)(I sT k ETEpo<;)O, rather than 'n~o with mq mss5.
L. 8 (44:26) 'i6'~i1. The left tip of res is just visible on the left edge of the leather.
L. 9 (44:27) i1?'~? Though there appear to be two ink traces like the bottom of ralep before i1?,~?,
that is probably not the case: they are too narrow and not the shape of 'alep in this hand.
L. 10--11 (44:28) The scribe left the small remainder of line 10 blank with a large interval on line 1\
before chapter 45; midline interval 1Qlsa3; 0 BHS.
L.12 (45:1) i;il? 2·. The vertical stroke of lamed is distiguishable from the vertical leather damage
that runs next to it.
L. 13 (45:2) -;rD;~. The bottoms of the letters are split from the tops and have somewhat contracted,
so that they no longer match the tops. It is difficult to determine whether the second letter is yod (m'l) or
waw (m L ) , but its breadth favors yod; d. also v 13.
L. 16 (45:4) lJ:::l~ lo]tD:J. This reading is more likely than i1:::lJ':::li1 CrD:11 (lQIsa 3) due to the closer
affinity of 1Q'lsa" with m.
L. 19 (45:7) The tops of some letters can be seen at the bottom edge of the upper fragment, but
they cannot be deciphered with any confidence. At the end of the line it is possible that 1QIsa b read :m:l
with lQIsaa, but the general affinity of the MS with m makes C'~ with ffiG5 (ElPllVllv) more likely.
L. 20 (45:7) There is an interval of almost half a line before v 8 begins on the next line; interval
l Qfsa": 0 BHS.
L. 22 (45:8) There is no interval in 1QIsa b before v 9. 1QIsa 3 lacks the last four words of v 8
(,'n~i:J mi1' 'J~ in';), which look like an addition, but has a large indentation before v 9; 0 BHS. The
interval in 1QIsa 3 is almost big enough to contain those four words, if written in cramped fashion.
L. 24 (45:9) Spacing indictates that the unpreserved text would have contained the shorter reading
,? C'i' r~ with m, not the longer reading 1? 0'" O'~ r~ with lQIsa 3 •
L.24 (45:9) There is no room for an interval before v 10; small space l Q'Isa-; 0 BHS.
L. 24 (45:10) i01~[i1. For this reconstruction, cf. iO'~i1 lQIsa3 and 6 AE)'WV 6). The shorter reading
iO'~ (iok mL ) is also possible.
L. 24 (45:10) There is no room for an interval before v 11; midline interval lQIsaa; 0 BHS.
L. 25 (45: 11) 'J1~1D n1'Mil 'i:l'1". The text of 1Qlsab m understands the second word ('the things to
come') as the object of 'J''?~ID, whereas in 1Qlsaa mn'~il ('the signs') is the object of i:l"'; G} mixes with
o TIOl'l)<JUC; TO: EiTEPXOlJ.EVU (= n"~il i:l'1').
L. 25 (45:11) ?Jo. The ink stroke cannot form the expected 'ayin ('?.Il l Q'Isa" m) but could form
ralep ('?~).
L.29 (45:13) Part of the interval before v 14 is preserved; rest of line left blank lQI saa;!l BHS.
L. 30 (45:14) The tip of one unidentifiable letter from v 14 can be seen.
Col. XX Isa 46:3-47:14 (Suk. col. 5, DFU frg. 7)
The top, right, and left margins are preserved for this column, which ended at Isa
48:16. In Sukenik's transcription, the surviving text from lines 15-31 is positioned
further to the left, with more words reconstructed in the missing right portions of
these lines. For these lines, however, the present reconstruction is in closer accordance
with the relative positions of the preserved letters.
L.2 (46:4) The relative positions of the extant letters in lines 1-3 show that there was insufficient
space for an interval before v 5; midline interval 1QIsaa; 0 BHS.
L.6 (46:7) There is no interval before v 8; short midline interval I Q'Isa-; 0 BHS.
L. 8 (46:10) n;in~. The penultimate letter could be yod or wow (cf. '0.Il'1 in line 5 above).
L.(46:11) The scribe left the remainder of the line blank before beginning v 12 on the next line;
10
remainder of line left blank lQIsaa; 0 BHS.
L. 12 (46:13) 'n(.Il1Iwtii. The initial letter can be seen as a possible wow (cf. 'n1111Dn1 lQlsaa m ), but
other dark spots make identification uncertain.
L. 12 (46:13) inM~'? These two words are written with little or no word-division.
L. 12 (46:13) '?~ilDi,? On the main photograph (SHR 3433) only the lamed and bottoms tips of
yod, sin and res remain. The remaining letters are transcribed in Sukenik's edition (with the exception of
yod, which he brcketed) and are here restored using a Bar Hama image.
L.12 (46:13) There would have been little or no room for an interval before chapter 47; remainder
of line left blank lQl saa; 0 BHS.
L.13 (47:1) ?JJ. Most of the lamed has been abraded from the leather.
L. 15 (47:2) ['E:lWn]. It is not certain whether this word should be reconstructed as 'E:lwn with m ('E:l'Wn
lQI saa), or as 'JrDn with 4QIsad .
L.16 (47:3) There is no interval before v 4; short midline interval lQI saa; 0 BHS.
L. 17 (47:5) [mJJ 1? '~iP' ... CO"]. Because of this manuscript's closer affinity with m, the missing
text is reconstructed accordingly; cf. ni'JJ 1? '~iP' ... ilOO' 1Qfsa".
L.19 (47:6) i(pr. The traces of ink on the lower and upper edge of the respective leather fragments
both belong to final nun.
L. 20 (47:7) The relative positions of letters in the preserved portions of vv 7-8 suggest that there
was no interval before v 8; short midline interval 1QIsaa; 0 BHS.
L. 22 (47:8) [11i~1. This word is reconstructed with 4Qlsad(i1[i~) me, cf. il~i~ lQI saa.
L. 25 (47:10) If the reconstruction of 'J~ at the end of line 24 is correct, there would have been a
short interval before v 11; no interval 1 Q'Isa" BHS.
L. 25 (47:11) ii[~J1. The slant of the tiny ink trace slightly favours he for the preferred reading (il~J'
1Qfsa-) rather than 'alep (~J' m); the feminine is expected with il.Ili, and note '?E:ln1 later in the verse.
L. 26 (47:11a) The scribe left a major interval before beginning v 11 b on the next line; no interval
in BHS, nor in 1Qlsaa (where col. XXXIX ends with lla and col. XL continues with 11b).
L. 27 (47:11) '.Il,n. The taw was written over another letter, probably bet or memo
L.29 (47:13) ['iJn] is reconstructed with I Ol sa- ('iJ,n), rather than 'i:J" mq or 'iJ" m-.
L. 32 (47:15) There appears to be ink below ooril;l in line 31. If intentional, its position would
indicate a supralinear insertion.
L.32 (47:15) The tip of a letter from v 15, possibly from lD'tD'O, is visible beneath the lamed of
nj:jrlf:, in line 31.
Col. XXI Isa 48:17-49:15 (Suk. col. 6)

The top, right, and left margins are preserved for this column, which probably ended
at Isa 50:6 (pi').
L. 1 (48:17) The scribe probably ended v 16 in the missing portion of this line and then left an
interval of at least 1.5 em before v 17; short indented interval lQlsa3 ; £\ BHS.
L. 4 (48: 19) [TDO '~~~~ji. Both spacing and the overall affinity of this MS with m indicate a longer
reconstruction with m rather than with l Q'Isa" (ii:l'~~~'),
L. 5 (48:20) The scribe left a large indented interval before v 20; short indented interval 1Qfsa";
no interval BHS.
L. 6 (48:20) [ii~p i.l1J. This reading is reconstructed with 4Qlsad m d) rather than with 1Qlsa3 ("~p iD).
L. 8 (48:22) There is a midline interval of 1.4 em before the new chapter; remainder of line left
blank 1Qlsa3 ; 0 BHS.
L. 9 (49:1) 'J~iJp. Traces of the top right side and the foot of qop are visible along the right edge of
the leather.
L. 9 (49:2) :J,n:'. The first letter could be seen as bet or hap, but the deep dip at the top left and
the thinness of the letter, plus the similarity to other forms which can only be hap (e.g. mEl:' and O'?~
XXVI 20, 30), favor the latter.
L. 10 (49:2) [rmj. This form is reconstructed with 4Qlsad m, rather than with m:l in 1QIsa a· d) ([ S.
L. 13 (49:5) [,l;lj2°. The reconstruction is based on l Olsa- m q mss d) a' (d. ~'? 4Qlsa m L o ' 6 ' O).
d
L. 14 (49:6) :J~[rZ1i1I;l. The final letter is a clear bet (vs, O'pii&; 1Qlsa3 ; o'pii'? 4Qlsad m); note :J'tDii'? in
the following parallel clause.
L. 15 (49:6) 'nDirb o o [ . There are too many ink traces to yield 'rm,IO' as in 1QIsa3 m; perhaps 'rw'IO"?
L. 16 (49:6) Most of the line was left blank before v 7; most of line left blank lQlsa3 ; 0 BHS.
L. 18 (49:7) ["nnlO' o"jtbi. The first letter slants down toward the right, not toward the left as
required by sin ("nnto', 0"10 m), and thus the reconstruction is based on 1QIsa 3 ("nntDi1' 0"10'), which has
different clause divisions.
L. 19 (49:7) The scribe left an interval before v 8, only part of which is preserved (to judge by the
width of comparable intervals (lines 5, 8, 25, 26). 1QIsa3 also has a short interval here; no interval BHS.
L. 23 (49:10) 'jb:JC. The ink traces at the edge of the leather favour 'ayin (d. 'D':JC m).
L. 25 (49:13) There is an indented interval before v 13; short interval l QIsa"; no interval BHS.
L. 25 (49:13) [1n~Elj. This reconstruction is based on lQlsa 3 and d), which likely preserve the original.
mq mSS have '!l', with an additional waw due to poetic lines being written in prose format, while mL
has '!l', an error probably due to palaeographic confusion.
L. 25 (49: 13) [Om--miJ. The spacing of the second half of the line indicates either additional words
beyond 1QIsa3 (Omo ~':I i1J'i) and m (om ':1 iiJi), or a troubled text. iiPi~ nill:JJ.1 is reconstructed based on
d)SLCmss, which have the longer reading Kat at ~ouvot 8lKaLOouvrw (cf. Ps 72[71]:3).
L. 26 (49:13) on;; i['JD' 'O.I1 rrrr]. Sukenik had placed 'OD mii' at the end of line 25; however, the
relative positions of iil;l~ on line 24, O'OtD on line 25, and orn; on line 26 require these two words at the
beginning of line 26.
L. 26 (49:13) There is a midline interval before v 14; remainder of line left blank lQlsa 3 ; 0 BHS.
L. 27 (49:15) The relative positions of the letters in lines 26-27 suggest a short interval before v 15,
or a textual difference. Placing the last word of v 14 ('Jn~tD) at the beginning of line 27 would move the
preserved text too far to the left.
Col. XXII Isa 50:7-51 :11 (Suk. col. 7, DFU frg. 8)
The top, right, and left margins are preserved. Line 25 to the end of the column would
have contained Isa 51:11 (i1nOO') to 52:7 (1!;lo).
L. 3 (50:9) tiU1'. There is a split in the leather, with much of zayin and a trace of res on the upper
portion and the bottom tips of zayin and res on the lower portion.
L. 5 (50:10) CiD:l. The vertical right side of a letter, consistent with final mem, is visible on the
edge of the leather.
L. 8 (51:1) There was no room at the end of line 7 for an interval to mark the end of chapter SO,
so the scribe made a large indented interval in line 8 before the new chapter; £l (blank line) m-. In l Q'Isa''
the scribe left most of the line (XLII 13) blank and began the new chapter on the next line at the margin.
L. 10 (51:2) iTijq:l. There is a trace of ink on the left edge of the leather, which could be fin.
L. 10 (51 :2) There is no interval before v 3; no interval 1QIsaa; 0 BHS.
L. 11 (51:3) iTn:li.I11. There is an extraneous diagonal stroke between bet and taw, and bet may have
been written over memo
L. 12 (51:3) pl~rD. The first fin, the bottom of which is missing due to a hole in the leather, is
followed by a trace of ink consistent with the right side of fin.
L. 12 (51:3) rrnn. The letters are abraded, but there appears to be a horizontal base-stroke at the
bottom of waw-dalet.
L. 12 (51 :3) The scribe left the end of the line blank before v 4; end of line left blank 1Q'lsa"; 0 BHS.
L. 13 (51 :4) ;~"1. The yod has an ink stroke at the top left; it may have been written over another
letter.
L. 13 (51:4) 1]j~f~'i. The tops of several letters are barely visible, making identification difficult.
L. 14-15 (51 :5) ;j),f ... ;.I1i~1. The final letter of each word looks more like yod ('.t1in m~) but could
be waw (1.I11iT 1QIsaa).
L.15 (51:5) i,,,"r'. The second letter could be yod as in mor waw as in pl;l'n1' 1QIsaa.
L. 15 (51:6) C;;~[J'.l1. The final mem is preceded by the top of one letter, with the trace of another
letter on the edge of the leather (c:l'J'.I1 m).
L. 16 (51:6) ~S. The vertical line above hap is leather damage, not ink.
L. 17 (51:6) p10;;. The two words are written without word-division, cf. rD~1o[:l in XVIII 3 (43:2).
The first letter is shallow, looking more like bet than hap (cf. 1:l'rDPiT four lines above), but the scribe has
penned hap similarly several other times; cf. mEl:' in XXVI 20 (60:14) and c:b:::l in XXVI 30 (60:21). Note
moreover that the mem and other letters are also shallow.
L. 17 (51:6) The scribe left a short midline interval before v 7; end of line blank 1QIsaa; 0 BHS.
L. 20 (51:8) The scribe left a large interval, part of which is preserved, before v 9; end of line left
blank 1QIsaa; 0 BHS.
L.22 (51:9) rJn-lfll~ ~,l;lii. The preserved letters in lines 21-22 show that v 9b was present as in
1QIsaa m, and not lacking as in ~ (~1"iT10~"iT").
L. 22 (51 :9) [n::l~noiTl. In view of the general affinity of this MS with m, this reconstructed form
with m~ca'<1'e'5 is more likely than n~mo.' in l QIsa" 4QIsaC(n~m0i1)O; d. Job 26:12.
L.22 (51:10) [~'?iTJ. This reconstruction follows v 9b and 1QIsaa m, contra ~l;li1 in Sukenik's edition.
Parts of the top, right, and left margins are preserved. Line 35 to the end of the column
contained Isa 54:7 (Tn:m1) to 55:2 (iT.IJ::lro!;l). There is a large, wide imperfection in the
leather towards the middle of the column, extending from the top edge down to line 4,
making the surface difficult to write on and the identification of some of the letters
tenous.
NOTES ON lQIsab 227
L. 3 (52:1 0) 'JJ~b? Three tiny specks of ink are visible, which are transcribed here as lamed, 'ayin,
yod, on the basis of 1Qlsa3 m.
L. 4 (52:10) The scribe left a midline interval after the verse; short interval 1Qlsa3 ; 0 BHS.
L. 4 (52:11) C~O, This scroll contains the morphologically shorter form with m, not the longer
iTOOO with 1QIsa3 •
L. 4 (52:11) ~[0]6, The two ink traces are consistent with tet and 'alep (d. ~OO m; iTOO::l 1QIsa 3 ) .
L. 5 (52:11) ,,:J,i. The bet was written over another letter, possibly het .
L. 5 (52:12) ~1:'i10~:J', The two words are written without word-division.
L. 6 (52:12) ?~hrb['. The top left and top right portions of 'alep are visible, with the rest lost to a
hole in the leather.
L. 6 (52: 12) There is no interval after the end of the verse; remainder of line left blank 1QIsa3 ; 0 BHS.
L. 7 (52:14) [,'?.u]. This word, which makes better sense, is restored with mmss 5 Cl: , although T?.u
with 1Qlsa3 (iT" ?.u) mO' is also possible.
L. 8 (52:14) ~~O. There is a curved ink-stroke at the base of the 'alep; thus possibly influenced by
the semicursive 'alep, 1Qlsa3 mO' show no evidence of a variant reading for this word.
L. 10 (53:1 in it ) Although Isa 53:1 starts on a new line, the scribe evidently did not regard it as
beginning a new 'chapter' or section, since there is no indented interval as in comparable passages (cf.
XIX 11 (Isa 45:1]; XXII 8 [Isa 51:1]; XXIII 26 (Isa 54:1]); there is also no interval in BHS. In contrast,
the scribe of 1QIsa 3 signalled a new section here by leaving the end of the previous line blank and
inserting a paragraphos in the right margin (XLIV 4--5).
L. 11 (53:2) ~';hJ ". ~?1. In the first word, 'alep was written over 'ayin; in the second, top and
middle traces of lamed remain on the edge of the leather.
L. 18 (53:7) 1;;['El, The penultimate letter could be yod (1'El m) or he (d. he 2' in iniT' in line 3 and
he 2' in iTJiT in line 6), but since ,iT;::1 occurs in the previous line, that form is reconstructed here.
L. 19 (53:8) C["n. A part of the left downstroke of the final mem has flaked off.
L. 19 (53:8) ;0.1'. The final letter could be yod ('0.1' mO') or waw (with 1QIsa3 ; d. ,? line 11 and '::1
line 16), but the first person does not fit the context.
L. 19 (53:8 fin ) As also in m, the scribe of 1Qlsab left no interval between vv 8 and 9. In 1QIsa3 ,
however, the remainder of the line is left blank after v 8, and there is an indented interval before v 9
(XLIV 15-16).
L. 19 (53:9) 1]n'1. The reconstruction follows 4Qlsad m Y'(Kul BWon), rather than 1Qlsa3 (un'1).
L. 21-25 (53:10-12) This edition incorporates two adjacent fragments at the right of the main
fragment which have been identified since Sukenik's edition: frg. c, identified by Jain (lines 21-23), and
frg. d, identified by Dykstra (lines 23-25). Compare c'rbli O~[ '?niT with Suk. c'lO[n c~ '?niT (line 21);
?O.uO ll n,~'[ with '0.1'0 11 [n,~' (line 22); c!':J]'i'; 'i:Jb[ with c[':Ji' 'i:J,U (line 23); p?[n' ]O;o;iiJ[ with [p,n' c'o,~.u
(line H); and '[~Oti ~'i111;;D~ with '[~t:lii ~1iT1 iiDJ (line 25).
L. 23 (53: 11 ) 'i:Jb. There is extra ink above the bet.
L. 24 (53:12) nnn. There is extraneous ink at the bottom of the second taw.
L.24 (53:12) [1~£lj. A minute trace of the nun is visible just to the right of the bottom of pe.
L. 25-26 (53:12 fin ) Since the text filled line 25, the scribe left a large indented interval in line 26
before the new chapter; end of line left blank 1Q'Isa-; 0 BBS.
L. 26 (54:1) iiip[.u. A trace of qop is visible on the right edge of the leather. Only the right and left
sides of the horizontal top of he are preserved.
L. 27 (54: 1) iT?~.l1:J. A trace of waw is visible on the right edge of the leather.
L. 33 (54:5) The scribe presumably left a midline interval before v 6; no interval 1Qlsa3 BBS.
L. 34 (54:6) l'iTl?[~. The tip of lamed is discernible below the waw of iT::I1r.l1 in line 33.
The top, right, and left margins are preserved. There are vertical splits which separate
the two sides of the column, and the placement gives a false impression. The two sides
of the top portion, lines 1-11, should be separated a bit more, while the two sides of the
lower portion, lines 15-34, should be brought together so that they join at lines 22, 23, 30,
and 31. Line 35 to the end of the column would have contained Isa 57:4 (cn~) to the
end of 57:16.
L. 2 (55:3) C:O~ElJ. Part of the vertical stroke of kap is no longer on the leather, and only a trace of
final mem is visible.
L. 2 (55:3) ii[ni~'. By virtue of its position, the ink above and to the left of he is not a letter but a
random spot.
L. 4 (55:5) l1V"1'. What seems like a gap after dalet is actually the missing right side of 'ayin.
L. 4 (55:5) inn' l.iJC? The tops of the letters are positioned slightly to the left of the corresponding
bottom strokes.
L. 4 (55:5) Til?[~. A lone trace of ink from the top of lamed is clearly visible on the edge of the
leather; however, the ink just above he is more likely a random spot than part of lamed.
L. 4-5 (55:5 fio ) The scribe left a long indentation before v 6; short interval at the end of the line
1Ql sa"; end of line blank plus indentation mL ; 0 BHS.
L. 5 (55:6) '~i]'i. There is a spot of ink on the leather which, to judge from its position, should be
part of dalet.
L. 5 (55:6) {ooo}, The scribe wrote two or three letters, the first possibly waw or yod, and then
erased them. No variant readings are apparent in other scrolls or m at this point; Ifi adds Uj.Ltv.
L. 6 (55:7) ~;~1 1;'i'. There may have been a blemish in the leather after 1;"', or the scribe left a
short interval between cola 700 and 7~.
L. 9 (55:10) ';'. The scribe inserted the word supralinearly, having left it out by parablepsis; there
are no variants in other scrolls, m, or Ifi.
L. 10 (55:10) ri~ii. Most of he and part of 'alep are missing due to leather damage.
L.12 (55:11-12) iinOO:1';', 'm~i~. Both pairs of words are written without word-division.
L. 14 (55:13) iEl 'i Oil . The scribe wrote ref above the line, having omitted it, possibly thinking of
the leetio facilior iOOil. For the extra ink in its centre, see the NOTE on line 30.
L. 15-17 (55:13-56:2) The main photograph (SHR 4333) does not share with SHR 4363 two small
fragments b-c. The first fragment supplies text from the first word on line IS, the first two words of line
16, and the first word of line 17; while the second supplies ja mil' 'i[ (line 15), ~~ n1?Jil[ (16), and ]1' i6[ (17).
L. IS (55:13 fiO) The scribe left a midline interval before the new chapter; remainder of line blank
with a paragraphos and X in right margin I Qfsa"; end of line blank plus indentation mL ; 0 BHS.
L. 15 (56:1) ;0". The right side of res is on the main fragment, and at the edge of the adjoining
fragment is the keraia forming its top left stroke; cf. the res of iOW and .I7,
two lines below.
L. 17 (56:2) p[1]. There seems to be room for a thin letter before bet, but no ink is preserved on
the leather (]:11 1Qlsa 3 mlfi).
L. 17 (56:2) iC[1rD]i. Traces of waw and mem are visible on the edges of the leather.
L. (56:2 6 ° ) There is no interval before v 3; remainder of line left blank followed by " in right
17
margin LQf sa"; 0 BHS.
L.19 (56:3 fio ) There is no interval before v 4; no interval 1Qlsa3 ; 0 BHS.
L. 19 (56:4) C'O'iO? [mil'. There is a random trace of ink on the edge of the leather above the
presumed waw of illi1'; it seems too high to be part of the word itself.
L. 21 (56:5) nu::illl]. The ink on the left edge of the leather is difficult to identify but is consistent
with the bottom of memo
L. 22 (56:5 fin ) There is no interval before v 6; short midline interval 1QIsa3 ; end of line blank plus
NOTES ON lQIsab 229
indentation rn L ; 0 BHS(!).
L. 22 (56:6) ,:;)Ji1. The scribe wrote he above the line. No variant reading is apparent in other
scrolls, rn, or ti.
L. 24 (56:7) n~~. A speck of ink is visible of the right edge of the leather; comparison with 1QIsaa
and msuggests it should be taw.
L. 2S (56:7) ~.u l~'~' Perhaps due to a blemish between these words, the scribe left a small space,
but it is insignificant since the words belong together (' ... their sacrifices will be accepted upon my altar').
L. (56:9fin ) The scribe left a short interval before v 10; remainder of line left blank followed by a
27
paragraphos and X in right margin 1QIsaa; 0 BHS.
L. 27 (56:1 0) [?£l~. The form is problematic; 1'£l1~ 1QIsaa 1'£l~ ms, rnL{1£l~).
L. 28-31 (56:10-12) The main photograph (SHR 4333) does not include frg. d found on SHR 4265-
68, which supplies -'::1?:;) C~:;) (line 28), tD~ 'r.u (line 29), tD'~ 1J£l (line 30), and pi'] (line 31).
L. (56:10) C'ri1. The first letter is clearly he with C'ri1 m (error?); c'rn 1QIsaa (lectiofacilior?).
28
L. 28 (56: 10) o[ :J.'~. The ink trace on the edge of the leather could be either yod (,:J.'~ m), or final
mem (C'JiI1~ 1QIsaa).
L. 29 (56:11) C'.u'i Ci11. These two words are separated by a small interval of 0.5 em, but this may
be due to a defect in the leather, since they belong together ('As for them, they are shepherds.. .'); see NOTE
at XXVIII.
L. 30 (56:12) ,:lrb. The sin is split, with part on each side of the fragment. The res has extra ink in
its center; cf. the supralinear res in line 14.
L. (56:12) ci[']. The position of the final mem indicates that 1QIsab did not contain the longer
31
reading (01'i1) found in 1Qlsa", but the shorter as found in m.
L. (56:12) [inc]. In view of the general affinity of 1QIsab with
31 rn, the reconstruction follows m,
not 1QIsaa (inC1).
L. 31 (56:12 fin ) The scribe left no interval before 57:1; end of line blank l Qfsa-; no interval BHS.
L. (57:1) ~.u OtD. These two words are incorrectly aligned on the photograph; they should be
31
directly adjacent, with just a letter-space in between.
L. 32 (57:1) [,onl. The reconstruction follows m, not l Olsa- (1Oni1).
Col. XXV Isa 57: 17-59:8 (Suk. col. 10, Jain frg. 27)
have contained Isa 59:8 (on,l;lJ.tioJ) to 59:20 (Jp.ti'J). Reconstruction indicates that this
column, which has the second highest number of lines preserved, originally contained
51 lines.
L. 1-3 (57:17-19) Frg. a, identified by Jain (her frg. 27), provides additional text beyond Sukenik's
edition: j1 'n~~p (line 1); ii1~£l'~1 ;[n'~, (line 2); and ltJi?rb C'I1£ltD (line 3).
L. I (57:17) [1:::l~]. The reconstruction is with m, not 1Qlsaa ('J~).
L. 2-3 (57:19) [J'J ~"Jl. The first word is reconstructed with mLti m ss , not with LQfsa" (i1"J:I) or
4QIsad (i1'1:1); and the second word is reconstructed with 1QIsaa4Qlsa d (:J;J sic) rn q (d. :m rn L); > ti.
L. 4 (57:20) ?tD13-ii The letters are cramped or shrunken (for the possible gimel see 1tDm in line 10),
but the metathesis, or some variant, is clear. The reconstruction should probably read tD] with
4QIsad (U1[JJ)m, rather than 1tD] with lQlsaa (see VAR).
L. 4 (57:21) c[,]~tD. A trace of lamed is visible on the right edge of the leather peninsula above memo
L. 5 (57:21 fin ) The scribe left a midline interval before the new chapter; remainder of line left
blank 1Q'Isa"; 0 BHS.
L. 6 (58:1) on~6ri::lp.11'. The two words are written with little space for word-division, but the bet,
with its extended base-stroke, is a final form.
L. 6 (58:2) 'n~. The form of the 'alep is reminiscent of the early semi-cursive 'alep,
L. 7 (58:2) "i'. The ink following this word may be a random spot, or the scribe may have
started to write ""'; no variant text is found at this point in 1QIsaam4j.
L. 11 (58:5) C'm n'Jl1. The two words are written with little space for word-division.
L. 16 (58:8) 1"~' The vertical stroke above waw is most likely a random mark; it cannot be the
top part of an aborted lamed since the stroke is not thick enough and not far enough to the right (see the
NOTE on 1m" line 19 below).
L. 19 (58:10) O'::JtZ1n. The final letter is mostly lost due to the damaged leather, but if the remaining
traces are genuine, it does not look like 'ayin but possibly he or het,
L. 19 (58:11) lrTJ'. The short horizontal line below het could simply be the extension of the base
stroke of the nun (cf. .lli1 four lines below); the vertical stroke above hap could be a random mark (see the
NOTE on 1"~' line 16 above) or may hint that the scribe was thinking of another word.
L. 20 (58:11) nn~rci::J. The scribe may have written the first sade over another letter such as het .
L. 20 (58:11) ~~o~1. The scribe first omitted mem then wrote it above the line (~~'O" 1QIsaam).
L. (58:12 fin ) As also in m, the scribe left no interval between vv 12 and 13; in lQI saa, however,
22
before v 13 the rest of the previous line was left blank followed by a paragraphos and X in the right
margin of the next line (XLVIII 8-9).
L. 24 (58:13) ,n;::J:)' ;:j[,O. Here the Shrine scan of Sukenik's edition is used, since it contains a
piece of leather that was folded over on the main photograph (SHR 4388), which reads m;:D[1 '::J'O]; see
b
The Photographs of lQIsa in the INTRODUCTION..
L. 26 (58:14fin ) The scribe evidently did not regard Isaiah 59 as beginning a new 'chapter' or
section, since he left no interval after Isa 58:14; remainder of line line left blank followed by paragraphos
in right margin l Qlsa": 0 BHS.
L. 26 (59:1) There is a blemish, or possibly ink, after J1'tZ1,i10 at the end of colon la. This is
followed by a small interval, which suggests that the scribe may have intended to separate la from 1b
(~"'); thus also BHS (note mid-'verse' intervals in lQIsab at 16:10b; 26:2b; 43:11b; and 66:20b).
L. 33 (59:6) ;tZ1J10. The yod is written heavily, possibly over another letter.
L. 34 (59:7) ; Jp5. The final letter looks most like yod or waw ('pJ m). But the distance between qop
and yod seems to require a letter between, perhaps yod or 'alep (R'{'J 1 QIsaa).
L. 35 (59:7) ['::JIZ11j. The position of the surviving letters later in the line indicates that the missing
portion had the shorter reading as in m4j, not the longer text com ,::JtZ1, found in lQI saa.
Col. XXVI Isa 59:20-61:2 (Suk. col. 11, Bar Hama)
The top, right, and left margins are preserved, with clear signs of stitching at the left.
Line 36 to the end of the column would have contained Isa 61:3 ('l'?[~~" z:mv'?) to Isa 62:2
(lpi~). There was a defect in the leather running diagonally on the left side of lines 8-11
before the scribe began to copy the text. There is also a pattern of darkening, probably
after the text was copied, that runs vertically down the centre of the lower half of the
column.
L. 1 (59:21) Frg. b, not in the Sukenik edition, was provided by Bar Hama, presumably unfolded
from under the dark leather containing cn~. The expected word before cn~, however, is 'n'i::J and,
whereas the final letter could be yod or waw, the preceding letter does not look like taw, but rather like
yod preceded by a letter with a base-stroke, such as nun or taw. Moreover, though the leather looks
damaged, the lamed of tZ7[116~[ J~[" in the line below does not appear. It may be that frg. b is from another
layer of the scroll.
L. 1 (59:21) cnoiooo[. The traces of the letter before taw are difficult to read on the Sukenik plate,
since the leather is blackened at this point; but although Sukenik read Cm[R with m-, there seem to be
two descending strokes, the left one curling toward the right, and thus 'alep , not waw. The shorter
reading c~ (thus also 1QIsaammss; d. cn'~ rn L ) is consistent with this suffixed form of the preposition ntl;
elsewhere in the MS; d. line 14 below (lsa 60:9) and XXVI II 7 (Isa 65:23). The situation is further
complicated when frg. b by Bar Hama is added, since, although there seems to be a letter before taw in
Sukenik's plate, frg. b, if placed correctly, would allow no room for such a letter.
L. 3 (59:21 f iO) The scribe left a midline interval before the new chapter; remainder of line left
blank followed by paragraphos in right margin lQI sa a; 0 BHS.
L. 6 (60:3) litll?j. In view of the general affinity of this MS with m, the missing word is more likely
it:lJ? with m than 'll? as in 1Olsa-,
L. 7 (60:4) Ji'D. Faint traces of the descender of kap are discernible on the photograph.
L. 9 (60:6) C?~. The final mem was not written over another letter but over a crease or blemish in
the leather; see the general NOTE and the NOTE on line 11 below.
L. 10 (60:6) mil'). Yod and almost all of the first he have been abraded from the leather.
L. 10 (60:7) '~:Jp'. This word was written into the margin, making line 10 the longest in the column.
L.11 (60:7) 11~'i 1?1". Sukenik had transcribed l1~h ?.11] 1?.11' with m L (?.11 plr1? 1?11'(1) lQIsaa m mss4) ,
but there is no space for ?.11; d. also the spacing of the lines above and below.
L. 11 (60:7) 'ni~Eln n':l'. The two words which belong together ('my glorious house') are separated
by a small space due to a blemish in the leather which also disfigured r:h, in line 9.
L. 12 (60:8) m'El.l1n:lJ]'. The two words are written without word-division.
L. 12 (60:8) C'J1'D,. The shape of kap is unusually shallow, but d. niEJ:) in line 20 below.
L. 19 (60:13) i~£j? The faint outlines of lamed and pe are visible on the leather.
L. 20 (60:14) n1El;. The shape of hap is unusually shallow for this MS, but d. C?, in line 30 (60:21)
and P1O; in XXII 17 (51 :6).
L. 22 (60: 15) it~iJ~1. The scribe wrote waw 2·, but it is unclear whether the stroke is unusually
thick or whether he tried to blot it out; see the general NOTE above.
L. 22 (60: 15) Ji;~1. Waui-ralep-yod are on the leather above the split, while the bottom of yod and
the tail of final nun remain on the lower part below the split.
L. 23 (60:16) 0['1]5. A trace of gimel and a remnant of final mem are visible on the leather.
L.26 (60:17) In'pEl. The dark marks above dalet appear to be extraneous, not part of the word;
see the general NOTE above.
L. 27 (60: 18) i~i~:l. The bottom tip of hap is visible below the small circular hole in the leather.
L. 27 (60:18) n~ip1. It is uncertain whether the waw was smudged or whether it was affected by
the same darkening that runs vertically down the lower central part of this column.
L. 28 (60: 18) 11n]orT. The taw has been completely abraded from the leather surface.
L. 32 (60:22 fin ) The scribe left the rest of line 32 blank before the new chapter; very small midline
interval 1QIsaa; 0 BHS.
L. 33 (61:1) 'In'lZ1. The scribe inserted sin above the line; 'In?lD m. In lQIsa a the entire word is
supralinear (col. XLIX 26).
L. 34 (61:1) I~::m?]. In view of the general affinity of this MS with m, the missing word is more
likely rD:ln? with m than rD1:ln" as in 1Olsa-.
L. 34 (61:1) npnp£j[. The bottom left tip of pe is visible on the edge of the leather.
L. 35 (61:2) 101'1]. This word is reconstructed with 4QIsa b m 63 , and not as C,' with l Qfsa".
L. 36 (61:3) [Oit? nn?]. The lost text presumably included these two words with lQlsaa4Qlsam m;
they are lacking in 63.
have contained Isa 65:1 to Isa 65:17 ('JJii '~). So many letters in this column are
difficult to read due to damage and deterioration that a different approach to the
transcription is used. In light of the general agreement of this MS with m, dots and
circlets above uncertain letters are used more sparingly.
L. 5 (62:7) Q'~' i]il. There is insufficient room in this line to accommodate the longer reading of
ffi (n~ O'~' iJ11 lJ1::l' ,J1) or the even longer reading of lQlsaa (n~ O'~' 'J11 lJ1:>' 'J111':>' ,J1). The recon-
struction is fairly certain, since parts of both ,J1 and O'~' are preserved.
9 (62:11)
L. ~ J1'OOil. There is a dark spot between the 'ayin and the ralep that could be waw; see
ur~il lQIsa a and 1~ in the following clause. But the reading is probably J1'C~, for what appears to be
the left stroke of waw is probably the extended upper right arm of ralep (cf. '''1~j in line 10). If the
reading were l.tl'C~il, spacing suggests that the original scribe probably first wrote ,,~ J1'0tzr.1 (= ffi) then
immediately inserted the waw (= lQlsaa) in the space for word-division after seeing the following 1iC~.
L. 17-20 (62:8-12) Near the edges of the main fragment there are several small pieces with ink that
are out of position and thus confuse the transcription.
L. 24 (62:16) The bottoms of indecipherable letters can be seen above 1':>1'0 and ln~'i;6 in line 25.
Col. XXVIII Isa 65:17-66:24 (Suk. col. 13, Jain frg. 28, DFU frgs. 11-12)
The top, right, and left margins of this last column of text are preserved, with the left
side showing signs that it was probably stitched to a final handle-sheet. The book of
Isaiah would have concluded on line 37, and thus all lines except the last are partly
represented; the remainder of the column would presumably have been left blank.
Several letters are difficult to see or are almost entirely lost due to fading of the leather
and surface damage.
L. 1 (65:17) 1''';. The gap between waw and lamed is due to a split in, and distortion of, the leather.
L. 3 (65:20) OlD. The last two letters of the preceding il';i~ are clear, and the first letter of the next
word is a fairly clear sin and cannot be mem (cf. OIDO in ffi and Sukenik's edition).
L. 4 (65:20) t\c::nrr.n. A trace of the tet is visible on the right edge of the hole in the leather.
L. 5 (65:21) 0'1£1. The first letter is not certain. If the dark line above it is not part of it, the letter
could be the expected pe; if the dark line is ink and part of the letter, then it is possible that the scribe
mentally skipped ahead to the following 1''' and then immediately caught the error, since the remainder
of the word is correct.
L. 7 (65:23) o[ii'J~~~ OJ. The cola 2300 and 23b13 are separated by a small interval; thus also ffi.
L. 7 (65:23-24) iiOii ... 0.1. Both the shorter and longer form of the 3 pl. pronoun appear in this :.vIS;
note 0' ... ilO' in ffi.
L. 7 (65:24) OiOiT'ii1. The scribe initially skipped ii'in, caught the error, and then wrote the word
above the line.
L. 9 (65:25 f in ) There is a major midline interval before the new chapter; end of line left blank
lQlsaa, c BHS.
L. 10 (66:1) ~? The top stroke of lamed is visible on the edge of the leather at the left of the hole.
L. 11-15 (66:2-5) The alignment of the lower part of frg. b is somewhat distorted, making the
second part of the lines lower than the first part (cf. iTliJr.l in line 12; ;~ in line 13).
L. 13 (66:4) ;j~. Because the fragments are not properly aligned, the nun and yod on the left side
of the gap are lower than the' alep . there also appears to be a dark line descending from the yod;
perhaps the scribe had written 1'1' and then corrected to '~~.
L. 14 (66:4) The scribe left the remaining half of the line blank between vv 4 and 5; small end of
line left blank plus paragraphos l QIsa", o BHS.
L. 15 (66:5) c:>[,tif~]6. The dark spot on the edge of the leather is probably the top left tip of dalet,
L. 19 (66:9) The scribe left a midline interval before v 10; end of line left blank l Q'Isa", eBHS.
L. 21 (66:11) There is no interval before v 12; long end of line left blank l Qfsa", e BHS.
L. 24-25 (66: 14-15) After v 14 the scribe left almost half of the line blank plus a major indentation
before v 15 in the next line; paragraphos plus small indentation lQlsa a , no interval BHS.
L. 27 (66:17) ij,;rnil. The leather is abraded, but due to the form in line 12, the word is read as
NOTES ON lQlsab 233
i'rnji with m, rather than i'Tiliil with 1Qlsa\ see VAR at 66:3.
L. 27 (66:17) il;ji;[ C~ '00']. Spacing indicates that the MS had the longer text as found in m, not
the shorter iTtil' i~ as found in I Q'Isa".
L. 32-33 (66:20) As in 1Qlsa3 , the scribe left the end of the line blank following ;ii[il" and continued
with v 20b on the next line. The interval makes good sense, with the new line beginning the comparison
('just as the Israelites bring a grain offering in a clean vessel to the house of the LORD'); no interval BHS.
Note other mid-'verse' intervals in 1Qlsab at 16:10b; 26:2b; 43:11b; and 59:1b.
L. 33 (66:20) n']:j 'i['il~. Two or three traces of ink are visible above ri~ji1 in the line below. These
traces are compatible with rei and bet.
L. 33 (66:21) C['Jji::l!;l ]ripM. The missing text is restored as in the shorter reading of m, not the
longer C'JiTt::l!;l ~'!;l np~ found in 1Olsa".
L. 36 (66:24) c'~j~. The scribe inserted 'alep above the line.
L. 37 (66:24) i~:J "::l" ends the book of Isaiah. The remainder of the line and the column would
presumably have been blank.
lQIsab TEXTUAL VARIANTS
7:22 (3) 'p frMon ':J~' lQIsablQIsaa(~':J)l1U)OLC1T'] >e

7:23 (4) iT;iT' 1" lQIsabm~LCrr'] > lQIsaa~
7:23 (4) C1pO 1 QIsabm~(vid)] 'OiT 1QIsaa
7:24 (4-5) liIbp;)1 [c'~;)l 1QIsabma'] mnlZ7p;)1 ';) 1Qfsa"; IlETa ~EA.OUC; xel T~dJllaToc; ~
CoL IV Isa 8:8 or 8:10? (Jain frg. 29)

No VARIANTS
Col. V: Frg. a Isa 10:16-19 (Suk. frg. 1 i)
10:18 (3) "Oi'11i,U' 1QIsab1QIsaama'] Ta 0PTl Kal ol ~wol Kal ol8pullot ~ (cfv 19)
CoL V: Frg. b Isa 12:3-13:8 (Barth. frg. 2)
13:2 (5) Oi? 1QIsa b 1QIsaam 1

+ 1111 <j>o~la6E e
13:4 (7) C'OOIQ lQIsa bm] C'DeJ 1QIsaa
13:7 (9) C',,11QIsabm] 1'- lQIsaa
13:7 (9) iiJ'Din 1QIsab1QIsaam] iT'J- 4QIsaa
CoL VI: Frgs. a-b Isa 13:16-19 (Suk. frgs. 1 ii, 2 i)
13:19 (3) 1n:J?OO 1QIsab ] n"oo l Qf sa"; m"oo m; Vrro !3aaL>Jwe; e
Col. VI: Frgs. c-d Isa 15:2-16:3 (Barth. frg. 3)
15:3 (2) ii' lQIsabm] "1 lQIsaa; > e

15:4 (3) il.ui' 1QIsab m ] .11,' lQIsaa; yvwaETal (= "';.111') e
15:5 (3) ~IC?] ';)' 1QIsab lQIsaam] 1] Kap8ta Tfje; Mwa13tTL8oc d)
15:5 (4) n;n'?il 1QIsabm(n'm~)~(Tfjc; AOUl6)] mm'il l Q'Isa"

15:5 (4) b 1QIsab1QIsaam] rrpoc aE e
15:7 (6) C';)i.uil lQIsa bm] ';)i.u 1QIsaa; wApal3ae; e
15:7 (6) C1~lZ7' lQIsa bm L ] C1~tzrn lQIsaa; C~'Z1' mms; Kal MlltP0VTal aUTIW e
15:9 (7) PO'1 ]... PO'1 1QIsa b m] P;)'1 b iS 1QIsaao cf 5; PEllllWV bis d)
16:1 (8) 1ri?!b lQIsablQIsaam] QrrOOTEAW e
16:1 (8) ?'Z1C]" 1QIsabm] ?'Z10i:J lQIsaa; We; EprrETa E1Tl (= -? ~O':J?) d)
Col. VII: Frgs. a-b Isa 16:5-12 (Suk. frgs. 2 ii, 3 i)
16:6-7 (2) 1='?7 ... 1=' J~? 1QIsabm] ~,? 1='?,7 ... 1='? 1Qf sa"; oVX oirnoc ... oVX oim.uc; 7 If)
16:8-9 (3-5) [iTO~ lElJ ,Jt.I1' ';'::1:1 iT;'::I~ 1=' ?.I1 90'[ 'i::l.I1 '~J iT'nypq, i:1iO '.I1n 111JJ itl1' i.I1 il'P1i(D 'O?il] C',J '?11::::l
lQIsa bmlf)] ilO:1(Df'lilO::l(D l Q'Isa"
Col. VII: Frg. e l s a 19:7-17 (Barth. frg. 4)
19:7 (I) i[~' Jooo[ 1QIsablQIsaa(i'~' ?l1)m] > If)

19:9 (3) ;"n 1QIsabm] rrn 1QIsaa4QIsab (1" n) (ef BHS note)
19:11 (4) 'o;,n 1QIsab4QIsabm] ii'r.l;)n 1QIsaa
19:13 (6) '~(DJ (= .Jil~rzj) 1QIsa bm 1 '~;(DJ 1QIsaa; Kat iJl/JW8rJaav (= .J~~J) If)
19:15-16(8) ~'iii'1C"::I16j10J~'I--]i~15b vac? il(D.I1[olQIsab] ~'ilO"::I16 vac 10J~'I--'~i1(D.I101QIsaa
m(~,iii'1 01'::1 16 c :j1OJ~1)If)a:SO; 16 vac J~1;iil c[1'::I11]OJ~1--hD~ iT(D.I10 (ef9:13; 2:11) 4QIsab;
am ~a....::s16 am ~a....::s t<s.a"la smss
19:23 (5) O"~O 1QIsab4QIsabmlf)a:so 1 > 1QIsaa
Col. VIII: Frgs. c-e Isa 22:9-20 (DFU frg. 1 + Barth. frgs. 5, 7)
22: 12 (3) 'J'~ 1QIsab 1 QIsaa('J'i~)m 1 > If)
22:14 (5-6) ri1~::1~-'~ lQIsablQIsaam] > If) (ef vIS)
22:15 (7) 'Ji~ lQIsab1QIsaa('m~)mL] > mmsslf)e's
22:17 (9) It:l]11'1 1QIsab4QIsaa(it:l.I1~i)] It:l'l1' lQIsaa (contra It:l1.I11 Burl); It:l.I11 m
22:18 (10) iTOO1 ... iTO[(D 1QIsab1QIsaa4QIsa'(iTO(D1Dm] C(D' ... C(D 4QIsaf ; Kat EKd ... Katl1f]aEl If)
22:24 (I) It:lPil 1QIsab4QIsa'4QIsabm] lOP 1QIsaa

22:25 (2) IznOli 1QIsab1QIsaam ] (D;On 4QIsa'; KLVIll1f]aETUL If) (cf 4QExod c and lll. at Exod 13:22
q
[DJD XII.114-17], and m at Prov 17:13)
23:1 (4) ~1::lO ]n'::lO 1QIsab 1QIsa'4QIsaam 1
Kat OVKETl E:'PXOVTUl If)
23:2 (5) l°~?O lQIsa b 1l'::l~?O l Qf sa-; i~?O 4QIsa'; l'~?O meso, > e
23:4 (6) JOM 1QIsa b4QIsa'ma:s] iT'O~ 1QIsa'
Col. IX: Frgs. b-f Isa 24:18-25:8 (Barth. frg. 6)
24:19 (2) .I11i 1QIsabm ms 1

iTih 1QIsa'm L
24:19 (2) r~ lQIsab] r'~il lQIsaam
24:20 (3) r~ lQIsabm] r'~il lQIsaa
24:20 (3) J~'iun." l Qfsa" 1 ~i"J- 1QIsaa; rrrre- m
24:21 (4) ~11;[il .01'::1 rrrn 1QIsa b1QIsaam
1 > If)
24:23 (6) m:l?il 1QIsab 1QIsaamL(m:;l?iT)] 1] rrN.v6ot; (= ilJ~?iT) e
25:1 (8) m~.I1 1QIsabmlf)«(30uA~V)] n'~~ (err?) 1QIsa'
lQIsa b TEXTUAL VARIANTS 237
25:1 (8) to~ jm~ lQIsablQIsaam (dbl?)] uA1l6lvftv Y€VOlTO KVple: d) (add)
25:2 (9) 1'.110 '" (iT'1P ... 1'.110 lQIsa b(vid)IQIsaam] iT6AW; ... iT6Ae:lc; ... iT6Alc; d)
25:2 (9) C,.,r lQIsablQIsaam L ] c"t mmss6)(TWV aue:l3Wv) (cf vv 4, 5)

25:4 (10) "h" n.110 lQIsablQIsaam] miau lT6Ae:l (= 1'.l1?) TalTe:LVU 6)
25:4-5 (11) :J10)rl)j5 ;'p C1r~ lQIsa blQIsaam] 5lk dv6pwifOL oMy6q!\lXOL 8L4swvnc; 6)
25:5 (12) ii[J.11'-"l):J lQIsablQIsaam] > 6)
25:6 (13) C'PPO)to c'hoo c'noo c('JOlD C'1O!D iT~O C'JOO iTnCDO 1QIsa b 1QIsaam] lTl.OVTaL e:u</>poauvftv
TII.OVTUl olvov xptuOVTaL Ilupov 6)
25:7 (14) ]iij;o~;( iT~OOiT1 C'O.l1iT 'O)~ ".11 01'iT 01"iT (1 QIsaa iJEl)'JEl 1QIsab 1QIsaam 1
iTup<i80c; -rnirm
rrdvrn Talc; E{lVE:ULV 1] yap 130\lAT) aiJn] 6)
Col. X Isa 26:1- 5 (Suk. frg. 6 i)
26:1 (I) 'iri7~' 1QIsa b4QIsacm] 1'CD' 1QIsaa; q.UOVTUl 6)

26:1 (I) mm iT1'CDiT 1QIsab] m1m 1'CDiT 1Q'Isa-; ]ii 1'tVil 4QIsac ; rnn 1'fDiT m
26:2 (2) C'1.l1tV 1QIsa b m6)(lTUAac;) ] 1'1.11tV 1QIsaa
26:2 (2) 1~:J'1 lQIsab ~(1):J'1 lQIsaam
]
26:3 (3) C1~ 2° lQIsablQIsaamO::5D] > 6)5

26:3-4 (3-4) ii1iT':J 1nO:J4 j mO:J 1:J '~ lQIsab4QIsaC("'Jl~"'Jl1..,~ 1nO:J ni[o:J)m] ii1il':J(4) 'ln0:J(4) ii~:J'~ lQIsaa;
40Tl Eift col nAlTlUUV KUple: 6)
26:5 (4) Jiri7;i 1QIsab 4QIsab4QIsacmO::5D] ~iT 1QIsaa; TalTE:lVWUUC; Kanlyuye:c; 6)
28: 15 (I) i:JD '~ 1QIsabm L ] 11:J"~ 1QIsaa; 1:J.!1' '", mq

28:16 (2) '01' lQIsa b] '0'0 l Qfsa" u'u'fl'(6e:fJ,e:MWV); 10' m-, EfJ,l3aAGl elc Ta 6e:fJ,€MU 6)
28:16 (3) ri7'li[' lQIsablQIsaam] KUTaLUXWeij 6)
28:17 (4) 1Eli:)q]' lQIsabm]
'CD; lQIsaa
28:18 (4) 1El~1 lQIsa blQIsaam] fJ,T1 Kat U</>€ATJ UfJ,WV 6)
28: 18 (4) mn'1:J 1QIsabm] pr n~ 1QIsaa
28: 19 (6) ii~il; 1QIsabm6)(EUTal)] > 1Q'Isa"
Col. XI: Frgs. d-e Isa 29: 1-8 (Suk. frg. 7)
29:3 (5) ;i:J~O lQIsab ] :Jl)0 lQIsaam

29:5 (7) C,~,.,]b t10n 1QIsa" 1QIsaam] > 6)
30:12 (3) CD1'P 1QIsablQIsaa4QIsacm] pr KVpLOc; 6)
Col. XI1: Frgs. c-d Isa 30:21-26 (Suk. frg. 9)
30:26 (8) Cl'O'[ii n.11:JCD 11~~ 1QIsaa,bm] > 6)

Col. XIII Isa 32:17-20 (Jain frg. 22)

No VARIANTS

No VARIANTS
Col. XV: Frgs. a-f Isa 37:7-13 (DFU frgs. 2-4 + Suk. frg. 11)
No VARIANTS
38:12 (I) ;TIll' 1QIsabm] iT?;" 1QIsaa; Kat a"TlilAeEV e

38:13 (2) om v 13 1 QIsab('Jo'~nI3n.,Jr.l'~nI2; see NOTE)] hab 1 QIsaam~
38:14 (2) 0;0;' 1QIsabmms ] 0'0;' 1QIsaam L (cf mq Jer 8:7)
38:14 (2) 'i,Jj1 1QIsabm] .,J'l1 1QIsaa; > e
38:14 (3) iTprzm mii[' 1QIsab~(1Tpo<: TOV KUplOV OC: E:~E:tAaT6 ~E)] iTptDi11 'J'1~ 1Q Isa"; iTpq]:? 'J1~ m L (cf v 17)
38:14 (3) 'J:l.,.l1 1QIsabm ] '11,1QIsaa
38:15 (3) .,]6~, 1QIsab] ~,? iO'~' 1QIsaa; '? i~' m L
38:16 (4) ,.;,;; 1QIsabm] rm 1QIsaa
38:16 (4) ;ilj 1QIsabm] ilo.':l 1QIsaa
38:17 (5) iiJ.1 1QIsa b 1QIsaa·(J.1) m] liT 1QIsaa corr 1m
38:17 (5) .,0 1QIsabm] ili'~O 1QIsaa

38:17 (5) r1pq]n 1QIsab1QIsaa(iln-)m] n.ov (= roli1n) e
38:18 (6) linn 1QIsa b] il;"m 1QIsaam(11m) (but see NOTE)
38:18 (6) n,o 1QIsa bm] pr ~,?, 1QIsaa~(vid)
38:18 (6) ~? 2" 1QIsabm] ~,?, 1QIsaa~(vid)
38:19 (7) ~'iT1QIsab1QIsaa·m] > 1QIsaadittog 2m
38:19 (7) 'J'IO;' Ci{']il 1QIsa b] crrt 'J,o;, 1QIsaa·1QIsaa dittog 2mm~(vid)
38:19 (7) lli)' 1QIsab] ll'''' 1QIsaa· 1Ql sa" dittog 2m(11"'il;) m
38:19 (7) i1?~ 1QIsab] ?~ 1QIsaa·; m?~ 1QIsaa dittog 2m; ?~ m L

38:20-22 (7-9) hab 1QIsabm~] 'W'q],i1? mil' 1QIsaa·(+ vv 19[dittog]-20 1QIsaa2m; + vv 21-22 1QIsaa3m)
38:21 (8) m:l, '~q]' 1QIsabm~] > vv 21-22 1QIsaa·; n?:l1 1QIsaa3rn
38:21 (9) ~ 1QIsa b] "11 1QIsaa3mm
39:1 (II) ~';iiil 1QIsab1QIsaa4QIsabmmss] ~'1iJil m L
39:1 (II) P~?:l r 1QIsab mL(n-)] 1"~?:l 1QIsaa
39:1 (II) 'iT'prn 1QIsab m] il'pnn' 1QIsaa
39:1 (12) iloo'; 1QIsab 1QIsaa m] 1100';' 4QIsab~([50 (cf 2 Kgs 20:12)
39:1 (12) pm', 1QIsabm] ,"n11QIsaa; Kat dvtOTT) e
39:3 (15) 'i'l''uq]' 1QIsab4QIsabm] i'l'W)' 1QIsaa
39:4 (17) 'il'pr)i 1QIsabm] il'pnn'lQIsaa
39:6 (19) t\~5i 1QIsab(vid)m] '~q]J' 1QIsaa
1QIsa b TEXTUAL VARIANTS 239
40:3 (25) i,rtr 1QIsa b me ] "ro', 1QIsaa; "rrr[ 4QIsab
Col. XVII Isa 41:3-24 (Suk. col. 2, DFU frgs. 5-6, Jain frg. 24)
41:5 (3) 1,'n~', 1QIsahm] l,'n~, 1QIsaa

41:6 (3) 1;fMc;[1 1QIsah(vid)m] 1il'~e, 1QIsaa
41:7 (4) C?,ii n~ rD't:l£l 1QIsabm] C?,~ ~ ro't:l?D 1QIsaa
41:7 (4) 'i[o'l~ 1QIsah m(,o~)] 'o~" 1QIsaa
41:8 (5) iln.in 1QIsah] iln~, 1QIsaa mil)
41:9 (6) 'o~, 1QIsahm] iI'O~' 1QIsaa (cf Ps 42:10; also 1QIsaa vs 4QIsa bm at 43:13 and 44:19)
41 :11-12 (8-9) 'ro~ c~~cn ~", croP:Jn121~'i 'ro~ (mil) "~")~~" l'to 1'iI' 1QIsabmll) ]
'roJ~112 oacat iI;:'~" 'ro~ ?1;:' 1'~" 1QIsaa
41:13-14 (10-11) rw?,n '~,'n ~14 (lQIsaa iI;)'n-)l'mr.I1 'J~ 1QIsah1QIsaam] > II)
41:14 (11) 'no lQIsab m] 'n'01 1QIsaa; OMyouTo< II)

41:14 (II) ro"p 1QIsab1QIsaam] > II)
41:16 (13) ro"p~ ii['iI'~ 1QIsahm] 'P~' i11i1'~ 1QIsa'; EV TOLe; CLYlOle; II)
41:17 (15) ~O~~ 1QIsahm] ilO~~ 1QIsaa

41:19 (17) ln~ 1QIsahm] ilJM 1QIsaa
41:19 (\7-1&) "roil' [ijloil 1QIsab ] "roM1 ""n 1QIsaa; "~l;n ,mn mL
Col. XVIII Isa 43:1-14,20-27 (Suk. col. 3, frg. 13)
43:3 (3) ;;:, 1QIsah4QIsagmll)] > 1QIsaa

43:3 (4) ;nru l.I1'rolO 1QIsahmll)] 'nru,l~') 1Qf sa"
43:3 (~) t:l'i~r.{ li£)~ 1QIsahmll)] tr 1 QIsaa(l'D'~ '~o)
43:3 (4) ~~o, 1QIsab 4QIsa g m] C'~~O' 1QIsaa; LOl1Vl1v II)
43:4 (5) c,~ ilJn~' lQIsa b] C,~ilM l Q'Isa-; C,~ ln~, m

43:6 (7) l'nD' '" l't~ '1~':J." 1QIsab] 'i\1J~' ... ,J~ '~'::J,' lQIsa'; 'n1J~' ... 'D '~'::J,' mil)
43:6 (7) iT~PO 1QIsab m] "~po 1QIsa' lI)(arr' UKpWV)
43:7 (8) "(1)~'" 1QIsab1QIsaam L ] ,~? mmsSSOSyh
43:7 (8) ~~, 1QIsab ~~ 1QIsaa m
]
43:8 (8) ~'~1~ 1QIsa b] '~,~1iT 1QIsa'lI)(vid); ~'~'iI m; edue 0

43:8 (8) C')'.I1' 1QIsabm] C')'.I1 1Q'lsa"
43:9 (10) 1"J' lQIsa h] "'J'11QIsaa; ,'J' mll)(avaYYEAEl)
43:9 (10) ll19U1" 1QIsa bm L ] 1.I1'Oro', 1QIsaa; > II)
43:10 (12) il'iT' ~? ,',ri~, 1QIsa h] iT'iI ~,,, ',n~, 1QIsaa; iI'iI' ~" ',n~' mil)
43:11 (12) i11ii['] 1QIsab1QIsaam] <> eEOC II)
43:12 (13) 'n.I1oroil 1QIsabll)] 'i11 1QIsa'm
43:20 (22) i6;~[']:i 1QIsabm] 1101ro'~ 1QIsaa
43:23 (24) niM;:j,;[ 1QIsab1QIsaa(jlm~_) 1
t:l~'~'J m L
43:23 (2~) l'n'?j, 1QIsab4QIsa g(i;ni';'.I1)mll)]
iI?'.I1':J 1QIsaa
43:24 (25) ~? 1QIsab1QIsa'(~,?)m] ~1;' 4QIsag
43:25 (27) i~~ lQIsabm~] + "J1 lQIsaa

43:26 (27) 'Ji;~fii lQIsabmL('Jl-)~(vid)] 'J'i'~ti1 lQIsaa

44:22 (2) i'.vroElIQIsab4QIsabm~(vid)] iJ~J1roElIQIsaa (orth. or var.?)
44:23 (3) ri~ lQIsa bm] ri~iJ lQIsaa~(vid)
44:23 (4) ?~, lQIsablQIsaa·(?~,)m~] ?~ lQIs aacorrlm; 4QIsab(?~)
44:25 (7) ?::>O' 1QIsab 1QIsaa 4QIsab 1l)(llwPElxJ)v)] ?~, m (err)
44:28 (10) 1O[,jn ";:;';"lQIsa b m] ,o;n'''~';" lQIsaa; Kat TOV olxov TOV dylOV IJ.OU 9EIJ.EAlWUW Il)
45:1 (11) in'IDO? /;M'roO?? lQIsab] ,n'roO? lQIsaa my'; T4) XPlaT4) 1l0U (= 'n-) e
45:2 (13) C'i'im 1QIsab 1QIsaa(C'iiiTl) Il)(KaL oPT)] C'",iTl m
45:2 (13) 'irD;~/'iIDi~? lQIsa b] ilD'~' lQIsaa; irP.l~ m L; irD'~ mQ(cf v 13); <>lJ.aAlW e
45:3 (IS) ~"PiJ 1QIsabm] iJ"PiJ 1QIsaa
45:4 (16) 1D~ 1olW~ 1QIsab(vid)m] i1::>J'~iJ CID:l' 1QIsaa; T4> ovoucrt uouroou y') Kat TIPOO8E~OlJ.al UE e
45:5 (17) 1'~ 'n"m 1QIsa b] 1~' 'n",r 1OIsaa; 1'~ 'n"1r m
45:6 (18) )ii:liJ1001 10Isa b m o' 9'] :l'J1001 lQIsaa Il)(vid)
45:7 (19) ~i':l' 1QIsa b m] rrrrn 1 1QIsaa
0
45:8 (21) "J1Q:O 1QIsab m] i'l?J100 1QIsaa; avw9Ev e

45:8 (21) 1"1" 1QIsa b me ] "1"; 1Qlsa"
45:8 (21) n]liEln lQIsabm~] i~iJ lQIsa"
45:8 (22) 1'n~i::l iJ1i1' 'J~ in' lQIsab 4QIsac(-~1~~[1.,.)mll)( ... b KTluac;: UE)] > l Q'lsa- (note space in
1QIsaa for possible insertion of this longer text)
45:9 (23) iOn '~'iJ 1QIsa b mll)(f..l1) ipEl <> 1TT)AOC)] i01~iJ '1iJ 1QIsaa
45:11 (25) i;l{~iro' ro1'P mil' 1QIsab 1QIsa" 2m me ] iT1iJ' 1QIsaa·
45:11 (25) n1'n~i1 'iln'1 lQIsab m('~',) ] mn~i1 i~" lQIsaa; b TIOl"UaC; Tel ETIEPXOIlEva (= m'n~i1 "~1') e
Col. XX Isa 46:3-47:14 (Suk. col. S, DFU Erg. 7)
46:3 (1) C'l~Ji1 1QIsabm(' ~~~')] C'~rD1J1 1QIsaa

46:5 (2-3) iJO,J, iJ,?]room (?i1ron1);,rom lQIsa b] i10'~1 'J1i;lroom '1rom lQIsa"; iJO'J1 'J1l;!room '1rom m,
'LBETE TEXVciuw9E ol TIAavwllEvol ~
46:6 (3) "~,, 1Qlsab~(vid) ] 1i':W' 1Qlsa"; ,,~' m L
46:6 (4) ..'IDil{'1 1QIsabm ] iJrD.v'1 1Q Isa"~(vid)
46:6 (4) ,j;JO', 1QIsab 1Qlsa"("1JO'1)Il)(vid)] 1'~O' m L
46:7 (4-5) (m 'iJn'J'1)1~'nJ" 1m:lO' '" 1iJ[~ro' 1Qlsabm] 'iUj'J'1 'iT1"::lO' '" 'iT1~ro'1 1Q Isa"
46:7 (5) 1'''~ lQIsa bm] 1'''.v lQIsa"
46:8 (6) 1i~r lQIsabmL(1i~n] rrcr lQIsaa
46:9 (7) 1h~r lQIsa bmL(1i,:;ln] rrer lQIsa"
46:9 (7) '::>~ 1QIsabm] 'J~ 1QIsaa4QIsac (ef v 4)
46:10 (8) n;in~fnii~? lQIsab ] min~ lQIsaa (contra n,.,n~ in Burl); mJ1'i[n~ 4QIsa c ; n,.,n~ m,
Tel EUXUTU ~ (see NOTE and cf 47:7)
46:10 (9) iJrD.v~ lQIsab4QIsaC(iJrD~[)mll)] iJrDJ1' lQIsaa
lQIsab TEXTUAL VARIANTS 241
46:11 (9) ~'P 1QIsab4QIsaC(~''Ip)m] i1i'lp 1QIsaa

46:11 (9) ;n~ll 1QIsabmq ; 13E13oVMUllaL \l)] lro'll 1QIsaa4QIsad(in~.11)mL
46:11 (10) 'm~' 1QIsab4QIsacm\l)(vid)] il'n- 1Q'Isa"
46:13 (11) ']n:l'P 1QIsa brn16] il:ll'P 1QIsaa; 'ti:l.,pil 4QIsac
46:13 (11 ) pnhn ~" 1QIsabm] pniIi ~1"1 1QIsa"; > e
46:13 (12) ~? 2 1QIsabm16] Ml?l 1QIsaa
0
46:13 (12) 'nrul 1QIsab4QIsacm] 'nnJ 1QIsaa16o'O

46:13 (12) ~'CO;? 1QIsab4QIsad('CO'J'?) m16~] 'CO'?, 1QIsaa4QIsaC(?~'CO'?i)o'50
47:1 (13) r'i~? ':lCO 1QIsabm] Yi~il?.11 ':lCO 1QIsaa; ElOEAeE Etc; TO aKOTOC; 16 (cf V 5)
47:1 (14) ~1p' 1QIsabm] '~'Pl 1QIsaa
47:2 (15) ?:JCO( 1QIsa b] l"1CO '!),con 1QIsaa; ?:lCO ':lcon 4QIsad; ?:lCO 'E)Uf1J m; avaKaAuljJaL Tell;" rroxrdc
(= il:lf?1il?) 16
47:2 (15) ',J.11 1 QIsabmL(,,~.\l)] "1:l11 1QIsaa
47:3 (15) ?)Ii 1QIsabm] il?X11QIsaa
47:3 (16) .11J!)M 1QIsab1QIsaa m(.11~~~)a'(a.rrallTl1ow)5] .11'J!)~ 4QIsad; rrapaBGl16; '0 TJ'i '~1~;
aVTl<Trr10ETal IlOl G' 0
47:6 (18) 'n??n 1QIsabm] -rn 1QIsaa; Elllavac; e
47:6 (19) n1:Dil 1QIsabm] 'ni:Dil 1Q'Isa"
47:6 (19) ]~O 1QIsabm] iliMl01QIsaa
47:7 (20) 'm:lf ... 1:l? ... [ 1QIsa b] 'ni:lf ... ':l:l" ... 'noco 1QIsa"; Ii1:lf ... 1:l" ... noco m
47:8 (21) il:l?:l lQlsab] il:l:l?:l lQIsaam
47:9 (22) ilJ~~l 1QIsabm] ilJ'~'Jnl 1QIsaa
47:10 (24) 1rwil 1QIsab1QIsaam] Kat Tj rrovnplu GOU (= '.11") \l) ('\'; cflnlll:l v 1000)
47:11 (25) ii[~:l' 1QIsablQIsaa] ~:l' m
47:11 (25-27) ~? ... [~?J ... ~? 1QIsabm] ~l?' ... Ml? ... Ml?1 1QIsaa; Kat OU IlTJ (3x) Il)
47: 12-13 (28-29) ~ li~.p' 1'~.11 :l,:l n'M?J 13 '~l'.11n '''l~ ".111il ":lm ;?{l~ 1QIsabm ] ~J 1i'0.11' ln~.11 :l,,;,13 ern i.111
1Q'Isa"; d BuVJ1<TU w<pEAT\ef\VaL I3KEKOrrlaKaC; EV Talc;' (3oUAalC; GOU Gn')Twaav 16
47:13 (29) C'OCOil 1QIsab] C'OCO lQIsaa m
47:14 (31) COm 1QIsabmL(C01;T7)] COln? 1QIsaa
Col. XXI Isa 48: 17-49: 15 (Suk. col. 6)
48:17 (2) 1':l'iO 1QIsa b] il:l'iiil 1Qfsa"; 1;""0 4QIsadm~50

48:17 (2) l"n 1QIsab 4QIsaC4QIsad(l1"n) m] il:l 1,n itzM 1QIsaa 16
48:18 (3) ~?i 1QIsab lQIsaa(~1'1) 4QIsaC(M1'l) \l)] ~,,, mL~so
48:20 (5) ilJ, lQIsab mL(ilJi)] ilJl, 1QIsaa
48:20 (6) 1.11'OCOillQIsab m] 'COil' lQIsaa 16
48:20 (6) i111"~lillQIsab 4QIsad(m~'~1il) me ] > lQlsaa
48:20 (6) 1iJ.11 1QIsa b m] pr n~ 1QIsa"
48:21 (7) "'fiT lQIsab4QIsad m] :l'fiT lQIsaa 5 (cf Ps 78:20 and 105:41); E~a~El e, E~TrYaYEv 16L([;;
WXETE\JGEV y'
48:21 (7) C'O 2 1QIsab1QIsaa mll)·] + Kat rrtercc 6 Xa6c; IlOU 16mss (cf Exod 17:6)
0
48:22 (8) 1'~ lQIsab me ] 'M' 1QIsa3

49:1 (8) ;,~ C"~ lQIsab1QIsa3m([;(vid)] tr 4QIsad(C{"M )"t\; cf 41:1; 51:5) 4)(vid)o'; > ,,~ 4)cSO
49:1 (8) 'O'rDpili 1QIsah m] 'pillQIsa3
49:2 (10) ", 1QIsahm(i")4)] "" lQIsa3 (orth or var?)
49:2 (10) 'lnElrDN:I 1QIsah 4QIsadm] rn- 1QIsa3
49:3 (11) ~irD' 1QIsah 1QIsa3 4QIsad me ] > mms
49:3 (11) iMel)liil 1QIsa b (err? or 'niMel]fui?)] iMeln~ 1QIsa3 m
49:4 (11) &;I~" "ifb 1QIsab m] ,~j&;l, il'ln' 1QIsa3
49:4 (12) 1~ lQIsab ] p~ lQIsa3 m
49:4 (12) 'il~ lQIsab1QIsa3('i11&;1~)4QIsadcorrm4)([;So] 'ii&;l~ bib; 4QIsad·; KUpLOU ToD awD 4)ms
49:5 (12) ii~ lQIsab4)] > l Qfsa" m
49:5 (12) 'i~" l Qfsa" m('i~')4)] li~' 1QIsa3 4)ms
49:5 (13) i:l~[' 1QIsab m] iil~~' l'QIsa3
49:5 (14) 'U1 1QIsa b me ] 'if.l1 1QIsa3
49:6 (14) 'PJil lQIsab] &;IpJ lQIsa3 m
49:6 (14) :I~rDil&;ll QIsab (cf v 6aj3)] c'pi't; lQIsa3; c'pii, 4QIsad m (see NOTE)
49:6 (IS) ~irD' ... :!p.l1' l Ql.sa> me ] :I,P.l1' .. , &;IMirD' 1QIsa3

49:6 (IS) 'i~J' 1QIsab ms ] 'i'::O' 1QIsa3 m-
49:6 (16) r~ il~ lQIsab] riMJi "~p lQIsa3; riMil il~P m
49:7 (17) 'J~ lQIsa b lQIsa3('J'iM)] > m
49:7 (17) ~') lQIsa b m(&;I~)] il:l'~') lQIsa 34)
49:7 (18) 1Mi' 1QIsa b m] 'Mi 1QIsa3
49:7 (18) 'lOip; lQIsab] 'lJP' lQIsa3 m (1cp,1)
L
49:7 (18) c'ijcbi 1QIsab 1QIsa3] C'irD m (see NOTE)

49:7 (19) lin:l" 1QIsab m] il:lin:l' 1QIsa3; Kat E~EAE~<l~T)V OE 4)
49:8 (20) 1'nif.l1 1QIsa b m 4)(vid)] il:lif~ 1QIsa3
49:8 (20) li~M' 1QIsab 1 QIsa3(il:li'~') m 4)mSS(Kat. ElTMo<l OE) Syh SO] > 4)
Col. XXII Isa 50:7-51: 11 (Suk. col. 7, DFU frg. 8)
50:9 (3-4) lil ... lil1QIsabm] ilJil ... ilJil1QIsa 3

50:9 (4) C":l~' 1QIsa b mL(C"~')] C"D~' 1QIsa 3
-50:10 (5) l"il 1QIsab m] ':l~ lQIsa3 4)(vid)
50:10 (5) c'~n 1QIsa b mL(c';,rpn)] C':l'rDn 1QIsa 3
50:11 (6) 1i" lQIsab m] mil lQIsa3
50:11 (6) ~&;I:l 1QIsab m4)] C",:l 1QIsa3 (cf v 9)
50:11 (6) 'irMC,IQIsab ] 'C lQIsa3m (err for 'i'~C?); Kat. KaTlOXUETE 4) (= ~ir5J? '-Jn5J?)
50:11 (7) iTn'il 1QIsabmL(Jin~il)] i7n"il 1QIsa 3
51:1 (8-9) &;IJ'{, ... "1.l1 1QIsab ] ,~,
&;1M 1QIsa3 m4)(Etc: ... etc)
...
51:2 (10) "MiP 1QIsabm] 'l.,'niP 1QIsa3

51:2 (10) 'i1~:li~' 1QIsabm] 'i1iel~' 1QIsa3; Kat. EvA6YTloa aiJTov Ka't rrY<llTT)oa aiJTov 4)
51:3 (12) ~O' lQlsab m] ~~, 1QIsaa~

51:3 (12) n,or 1QIsab me ] + i1M~' 11J' OJ 1QIsaa (cf v 11)
51:4 (13) 1:J'iDpn lQlsab m] 'ptl: lQlsaa
51:4 (13) 'O.P 1QIsa b 1QIsaa m-e ] C'Q.P mmss 5
51:4 (13) ;0~'?1 1QIsab 1QIsaa('01tl:'?1)m('01~'?1)] C'01tl:'?1 mmss 5; Kat oll3aaLMlc; d)
51:5 (14-15) ;j),i .., ;.pin1 lQIsa bmd)] ,.pnr ... W1,n 1QIsaa (see NOTE)
51:5 (15) ,~ 1QIsab me ] ,''?tl: 1QIsaa
51:6 (16) mno 1QIsab m] nmno lQlsaa
51:6 (16) i1'?:l!n ,m r'~1' 1r;'?OJ liD.P~ Cl'OJrb ;j lQlsa b me ] n~ ~ ~':J '0 1~'1 lQlsaa
51:7 (18) t:JrlEl,j,QQ, lQlsab 1QIsaa(cn1EllJOO')] J:JnEl'J01 m
52:8 (1) ,?,p 2' 1QIsabm] C'?1p 1QIsaad)(vid)

52:8 (2) P'~ lQIsabm] + C'oni:J lQIsaad)(EM';OlJ)
52:9 (2) m, 1QIsabm] nJ11 lQlsaa
52:9 (2) '?~J lQlsabm] '1 lQlsaa
52:9 (3) C'?iD'" 2' lQlsabmL~] pr n~ lQlsaa(c,,?_); '?tl:'iD' mmss
52:10 (3) .P1,r lQlsablQIsaam] .P1,j~ 4QIsac (cf Jer 32:21; Job 31:22)
52:10 (4) r'~ 1QIsabm] r.,tl:n 1QIsaa
52:11 (4) ~ojtb 1QIsabm] nOC):l 1 Q'Isa"
52:11 (5) ,.PJn lQIsa b] + n~m 1~~ lQlsaamd)
52:12 (6) ,?~.,rb[' 1QIsabmd)] + tl:.,p, r.,tl:n '?1~ 'i11'?tl: l Q'Isa" (cf 54:5)
52:13 (7) C", 1QIsab4QIsacm] Cl"1 1QIsaad)(vid)
52:13 (7) ~iDJ' I i1:lJ1 1QIsa b] tr 1QIsaam; Kat oocaa6Tlanal e
52:14 (7) miDO lQlsab] 'miDO 1QIsaa; m~1;) m L; nniD'IO mms
52:14 (8) 1.,m 1QIsa b] 1"~1m 1QIsaam('Ml)
52:14 (8) C,tl: 1QIsabm] 'tl:i1 1QIsaa
52:15 (8) '~Elpi lQIsa blQlsaa] '~ElP' m
52:15 (9) "iD~]i '.' .,~ 1QIsabm] .,iDtl: n~, '" .,~ ~ 1QIsaa
53:1 (10) '?tl: lQlsablQlsaa] '?.P m
53:2 (II) ."i1 lQlsa bmd)(vid)] ,,,.,'i11QIsaa
53:2 (11-12) 1i11orm ... f li1jt\.,Jl 1QIsabm] u'cml ... 'J~"J' 1QIsaa
53:3 (12) iD'~ 1QIsabmd)] 'tl:, 1QIsaa
53:3 (12) C'~~O 1QIsab] nl:l1~C 1QIsaam(n,~~c)
53:3 (12) 'p"1 lQlsa b] .P11'1 lQlsaa~(Kat El8~); I"") m L
53:3 (13) m:JJl 1 Q I sa b] ,m':JJ1 1Q Isaa; i1T:lJ m
53:4 (13) 1J':ltl::JOi lQIsablQIsaa('\J':l1~:JOi)mL] + ~ii1 mmssSO
53:4 (14) ,nDiDn 1QIsabm] 'i1,J- 1QIsaa
53:4 (14) roc lQlsabm] i1~1011Qlsaa~(vid)
53:5 (15) M~'C' lQIsablQIsaa(M~"C')d)(vid)] M:l'O m
53:5 (15) iO,e 1QIsabm~(vid)] 'e,1QIsa&

53:5 (15) '1ni~:J' 1QIsabmL(inl-)] "ni~:J' lQIsa&
53:7 (17-18) '1ii["!J ) .•. ,;reJ 1QIsab 1QIsaa] ,'eJ .., ,'eJ m (see NOTE)
53:7 (17) m~, lQIsab1QIsaa] n:Jr.?' m L

53:7 (17) i;lnrc, 1QIsabm~] ';' 1QIsaa
53:8 (18) t:lE3WCC 1QIsab] " 1QIsaam~(vid)
53:8 (18) ,np' 1QIsa b] np" 1 QIsaamcnp')~
53:8 (19) ?;ell/'w lQIsab] ;Cl> 1QIsaa4QIsad; 'Cl>m~ (see NOTE)
53:8 (19) l>JJ 1QIsa b4QIsad] l>J'lJ 1QIsaa~(iixfhl); l>~ m L

53:8 (19) 10' lQIsablQIsaa4QIsadm] Etc; 6avaTov (= n,C') e
53:9 (20) ,'El:J 1QIsabm] ,.i'eJ:J lQIsaa4QIsadC,jil'-)
53:10 (21) [1']'i~' lQIsabm ] 1i~" 1QIsaa; l'i~m 4QIsad
53:11 (22) i~ 1QIsab1QIsaa4QIsad([ij;~)~ (add)] > m (il~i' = err for rrrr //.l1:JtD'?)
53:11 (22) l>:J~' 1QIsabm] .l1:JrD'" 1Q'Isa"; .t1:JtD; 4QIsa KaL rrAftaal ~·(KaL rrMam ~ed)
d;
53:12 (25) ,[~~ lQIsablQIsaa4QIsad~] ~cpn m, p,n a::
53:12 (25) Ci'l>tDeJ" 1QIsa b 1 QIsaa(ilI~"'- )4QIsadCO)"'-) ~] 0'.l1- mo:
53:12 (25) ir'JeJ' lQIsabm] .l1J:J' lQIsaa (orth. or var.?)
54:1 (26) ~, 1° 1QIsabm~] ~", lQIsaa4QIsadC~")
54:1 (26) mi 1QIsab4QIsad] nm 1QIsaa; ilJl m L; > e
54:2 (27) '):j'nil' 1QIsab4QIsadm~a::so] 'i~ 1QIsaa
54:3 (29) lDi" 1QIsa b 1QIsaa] !Zr1" m
54:4 (30) ~(1)' '" ~(1)' 1Q Isa" 1QIsaam] > ~
54:4 (30) ~ 1QIsa b] ,~, 1 QIsaam('~')~(vid)
54:4 (31) 1ruc,~ 1 QIsab~(Tf]c; XTlpEtac; aOl!)] TmJC~ 1QIsaam
54:4 (31) 'i;,rn lQIsab] 'i,;,rn lQIsaa; 'i:;lrn m L
54:5 (32) l'~'J' lQIsabm('~J')] "'~'J' lQIsaa
54:6 (34) l'ill?[~ 1QIsabm~] 1'il'~ mil' 1QIsaa
55:3 (2) ,.l1OO 1QIsabm] 'ro, l Q'Isa"; frraKouaaTE uou ~

55:3 (2) c;rom 1QIsab1QIsaa(ilC;,-)4QIsacm] pr EV uya60l.c; ~ (cf v 2)
55:3 (2) ;i[ni;'~' 1QIsa b4QIsac(ilmi-)m] mi;'~' lQIsaa
55:3 (2) 'ion 1QIsab1QIsaam] TU aUla e
55:4 (3) lil lQIsabm] ilJil 1QIsaa
55:4 (3) ,'mJ 1QIsabm] 'il'nnJ 1QIsaa4QIsaC
55:5 (3) lil lQIsab4QIsacm] ilj,i 1QIsaa; > e
55:5 (3) ~ipn .I1in 1QIsab1QIsaam] 158naavaE ETIlKaMaoVTat aE ~
55:5 (4) I\l') i~ 1QIsab] ~" 1 QIsaa4QIsaC(I\l,]?)m(~,) L
55:5 (4) ,~,)'i' .., l'.l1i' 1QIsabm] f'i' ... i1;'l>i' 1QIsaa; 1'" i1;';JrT' 4QIsaC
55:5 (4) m1;; 1QIsablQIsaam] > e

55:5 (4) rzmp' 1QIsablQIsaa.] Ilmp", lQIsaacorr Imm('p'i,)
55:6 (5) '~~c[il:::llQIsablQIsaamO"(OTt:€UplO'K€Tal)O] ~~o.':::l4QIsac; KaL Ev T4i €UplO'K€lV aUTov Ii)
55:6 (5) :mp '1n,'il:l 1QIsab(see NOTE) 1QIsaam] "vlKa 8' liv EnlCu iJ~lv e
55:7 (7) m":lo? 1QIsab 1QIsaam] + Telt:; ci~apTlat:; iJ~wv Ii)
55:8 (7) 'i1:::llZ1nO ~;:rolZ1n]6 1QIsab] [D'i11:llZ1nC'i11:l1Z1nC 1QIsaarn4)(ai. (3ouAal. uou w<nr€p a\. (3oUAat u~wv)
55:9 (8) ,.,:J:l 1QIsabrn] il:::l'J:) 1 Olsa-; We; arrEX€l e
55:9 (8-9) C:>'i1:::llZ1nCO 'n:::llZ1nr.n lQIsablQIsaa(ilc",'m:::l- 'm:::l-)m] tr e
55:10 (10) ?"'~, lQIsab] '1~' lQIsaa; '~~7 m L; slc ~PWO'lV (= 'i~~,) 4)
55:11 (11) CP'i '?~ 1QIsab 1QIsaarn] > 4)
55:11 (12) (1'n-1QIsaam)'m'?lZ1 ilZ1~ (> m)n~ n"~, lQIsablQIsaam] Kat €oo8WaW Tel£: booUc; cou Kat
Tel EVTci~aTci ~OV Ii)
55:12 (12) p~~n lQIsa b] ,~~n lQIsaarn
55:12 (13) 1'?:::l'1n 1QIsabm] ,""n 1QIsaa; 8lBaX6TlO'€O'6€ (= "o,n) e
55:12 (13) C:>')F:h 1QIsab 1QIsaa(i100-)m] rrpoo8€Xo~€VOl iJ~ae; e
55:12 (13) ilJi lQIsabmL(il~'l)] m1i lQIsaa

55:12 (13) ,'no' lQIsab] ~,nr.:l' lQIsaa; ,~nr.:l' rn
55:13 (14) mm lQIsablQIsaamqmss] nnn m L
55:13 (14) Oiil lQIsabm] O'~ lQIsaa
55:13 (14) i1'i111QIsabm] ,'ii1 1QIsaa
55:13 (14) mil" lQIsa blQIsaarnli)ed(KUpl.41)] KUplO< Ii)ABQSmss
55:13 (15) m~' OIZ1' 1QIsabm] oiZl?, n,~' 1QIsaa; slc ovo~a KaL de; <T1l~€1ov 4)
55:13 (15) m~' (lQIsaa ~1')~? lQIsa blQIsaam] KaL OUK EKMlljJElIi)
56:1 (15) il~ lQIsa bm4)] pr ~'", lQIsaa (cf v 4)
56:1 (15) 1iOO 1 QIsabmOir;J~ mL ) ] 'i'OO 1QIsaa
56:2 (17) 1,'ino 1QIsabm] il'i?nO 1QIsaa; ~" ~~T)AOVV e
56:2 (17) rr 1QIsabm(ii' m L ) ] "" 1QIsaa4)(vid)
56:3 (17) '~1 lQIsabm] ~ lQIsaa
56:3 (18) mil' '.11 lQIsab] mil' ~ lQIsaarn (cf v 6)
56:3 (19) lit lQIsabm] ilr11QIsaa; > 4)
56:3 (\9) '~ lQIsabm] ',,~ lQIsaa
56:4 (19) ;:; lQIsablQIsaa(~',)rn] > e (cf v 1)
56:4 (20) 'in:::l1 lQIsabm] 1i1n:::l"lQIsaa
56:5 (21) Oil" " lQIsablQIsaam] Torrov ovouoorov e
56:5 (21) mD61,) 1QIsabrn] mJ:::l 10' lQIsaa
56:5 (ll) " lQIsabrn] iiom lQIsaali)(vid)
56:6 (22) 'i.11 1QIsabrn] ?~ 1QIsaa (cf v 3)
56:6 (22-23) mil' OIZ1 n~ i1:::l.'~?1 1mtU? 1QIsabrn] > 1QIsaa
56:6 (23) O'i:::l.I1? 1QIsab 1QIsaarn] + KaL oouAae; ~
56:6 (23) m[lD]'OID ?:I 1QIsabm] n:WiT nM O"01rzn miT' CCD M 1':J?1 1QIsa3; Kat rrdvrnc TOUc;
<t>lJAaaao~EvolJC Tel acil3l3aT<1 ~OlJ 16
56:6 (23) 1?7nC 1QIsabm] m7no 1QIsa3; ~" I3E131lAoW 16
56:7 (25) OiT'n:Jn lQIsa b4QIsa ima: mss o ] ,?.t1' iTOiT'rr:Jn lQIsa 3a:mss (cf Isa 60:7); Kat eVatal almllv
EaoVTa 16; ppom piT'lD'p no:lJ1 a:
56:7 (25) M'P' 1QIsabm] iT'P' lQIsa 3
56:8 (26) miT' 'J(1)"m lQIsablQIsa3m] 6 KUpLOC; 16
56:8 (26) ~::JPJ? 1QIsa b] 1'~:JPJ? 1'?.li' 1QIsa3m; Err' airrov auvaywYTlv 16
56:9 (26-27) "In"n ... ~'lD 'In'n lQIsab] rrrn ... iT"W rrrn lQIsa 316; 1n'n '" "lD 'In'n m
56:9 (27) ?:I 1 QIsabrn16] ?1:11 1QIsa3
56:10 (27) w" lQIsablQIsa3m] + <j>povfjaul 16 (cf v 11)
56:10 (28) n:Ji? lQIsabrn] + iTOiT 1QIsa3
56:10 (28) O'l'i11QIsa bm L] O'f(1)n lQIsa3mmsslfi(Evvrrvlu'6~Evol)a'(<t>avTa'o~EvOl)0(videntes vana) cf 5
56:11 (29) O'V; lQIsa bm (= ...JiT.li")] O'.ImiT 1QIsa3; rrovnool (= ...JJJJJ,) 165
56:11 (30) 1iT~PO 'JJ~:J? 1QIsab1QIsa3m] KaTcl TO airr6lfi
56:12 (30) hah v 12 lQIsablQIsa3ma'a'e'] > 16
56:12 (30) iTM:lOJ1 .,. np~ 1 QIsab] iT:JOJ, ... npJ' 1 QIsa3; iTM:JOJ, ... iTnpM m
56:12 (30) rrrn lQIsabrn] 'jj'11QIsa3
56:12 (31) 6~'11 QIsabrn] om 1 QIsa3
57:1 (31) P"~jj 1QIsabm] 'i111QIsa3; t&TE We; 6 8tKaLOC 16
57:1 (31) ':J~ lQIsa b] ':J'M lQIsa3; ':t~ mLlfi(ciTTWA.€TO)
57:2 (32) 'MI1:J' 1QIsab] M':J" lQIsa 3; M':J' m, EaTal 16
57:2 (33) cn:J:llDQ ?.t1 1mJ' 1QIsabm(cn':J-)] m1:J:llDO?JJ ,mJ" 1QIsa 3; ij Taep" airtoi: 16
57:2 (33) iin:lJ 1?1jj lQIsab] iTn:l'J 11?iT 'l Qfsa"; in,~ l'7.h m-, DPTal EK ToD llEaov 16
57:3 (33) 1:J'P 1Q I sab] 1:J1'P 1Q I sa"; 1:J1P mL
Col. XXV Isa 57:17-59:8 (Suk. col. 10, Jain frg. 27)
57:17 (I) inOiT 1QIsabm] inOiTM1 1QIsa34QIsad(,nOM'); Kat cl.TT€aTpEl/Ja TO TTpoaumov IlOlJ drr' aUToD
16; l'iTJO 'ru':llD n'p'?o a: (pr waw a:: ms); duJ.s~r<:o 5; abscondi 0(+ a te faciem meam OmSS)
57:17 (I) ~~PM' lQIsab4QIsadm L] iT~1~PM1 l Qf sa"; ~~p' mms; Kat EAvrrfjfhllfi
57:18 (2) 1iTnJM; lQIsabm] > 1QIsa3; Kat TTapEKciX£aa airrov (= "OnJ; see next) 16
57:18 (2) 1? o~cm (O?lD~1 m)iTO?lZ)~1 1 QIsabm] M1? o'r.mJn ~1? O?rDM' 1QIsa 3; Kat E8WKa aiJT(~ TTapci-
KAllalv cl.All6t.vftv 16
57:19 (3) Oi?[lD ]6i?tb 1QIsabmlfi(dpf)VT]v ETT' dpf)VT]v)] O'?rz1 1QIsa 3
57:19 (3) :Jnpc"lQIsablQIsaam16] :Jnp,?,4QIsad
57:20 (4) 1lD]iJ'1 ?:l1' ...[ ?lZ)]S'iS 1QIsab] 1lDiJn'1?:l1' ... 1rz1'~ 1QIsaa(vid; contra 'n'1 ?:l1' Burl);
'lDiJ" ?:l1' ... rDi~ 4QIsa d rn; KAoowvla6f)aoVTul ... 8uvf)aOVTaL 16 (see NOTE)
57:20 (4) O'k!'-[1rz1]iJ'1 lQIsab1QIsa3('Jn')4QIsa d(vid)m] > 16 (add?)
57:21 (5) ']fr?M 1QIsab 1 QIsa3('m~)mL] iT1iT' mmss; KUpLOC b eEOc 16; 6 eEOC lfimss
58:1 (5) ~1 1QIsab16] ?M 1QIsa3m
58:1 (5) '~1lDP' 1QIsa b] '~'rz1:1 1QIsaam
58:1 (6) ~El 1QIsabm] iiOii',I1q]E) 1QIsaa

58:2 (6) 'M 1QIsab1QIsaa('m~)4QIsad] 'm~, meso
58:2 (6) 0" 01' 1QIsab4QIsadma::] 01'101' 1QIsaa; TUdpaV Ee TJflEpat; ~
58:2 (6) i1rDi;[' 1QIsabm] 'tD'ii' 1Qfsa"
58:2 (7) ,,;t,~ 1QIsabm] ,m'?~ lQIsaa
58:2 (8) p:l'Eln' 2 1QIsabm] ':l'~ 1Qfsa"
0
58:3 (8) iiO'? 1QIsab1QIsaam] pr AE'YOVTEt; e

58:3 (9) '1J'ntDElJ 1QIsab1QIsaa(1J'mtDElJ)~] 'JtD£lJ m
58:3 (9) ~? 1QIsab] ~1'?1 1QIsaam(~'?1)~
58:4 (10) ji1 1QIsabm] iiJ.i 1QIsaa; rl e
58:4 (10) ii:l'O'?' 1QIsa b 1 QIsaa(~:l'-)] ii:l'O' m
58:4 (10) m:li1? 1QIsa b] '?1 1 QIsaam~(vid)
58:4 (10) ~iJ~:l 1QIsabm] ~i'D 1QIsaa
58:4 (10) .w7i lQIsab1QIsaam] TUlTELVOV (= tUl < Vrzi1i; cf 1 Sam 18:23) e
58:4 (10) ~?1 1QIsab] ~1? 1 QIsaam(~?)
58:4 (11 ) l1'OOii'? 1QIsabrn ] l1'OtD? lQIsaa
58:5 (II) C"1 1QIsab~] 01' 1QIsaam
58:5 (12) 10J~' 1QIsab] 10J1~ 1QIsaa; l~~f mL ; We; KplKOV e
58:5 (12) l~j 1QIsa b] 1tD~1j 1QIsaam(1fD~j); TOV Tpa)(T\AOv oou e
58:5 (12) pfD '1 me
1QIsablQIsaa]
58:5 (12) ~jpn 1QIsa bmo] 1~ipn lQIsaa4QIsad~a::S
58:5 (12) 0" o,~ 1QIsa 1QIsaa] 01'1 C1~ m, VTjaTELaV If)
b
58:5 (13) mii''? 1QIsablQIsaam] > ~

58:6 (13) C':l' 1QIsabm~(vid)] ifD~ C1~ii lQIsaa
58:6 (13) 'iiin:l~ 1QIsab 1QIsaa 4QIsad(11'ijn:l~)m] EYW E-~EAEeaflT1v AE'YEL KVplOC; If)
58:6 (13) iniT 1QIsabm] '1 lQIsaa; 8LclAUE e

58:6 (13-14) m~(1)O ... iit:l(1)O 1QIsab 1QIsaam] ~LU(WV aUVUAAa'YflclTWV ... avyypa</>i}v d.8LKov ~
58:6 (14-) n'?tD lQIsab4QIsadlf)a'O] '11QIsaama::s
58:6 (14-) 'pnJn lQIsablQIsaam] 8LaalTa 1f)0
58:7 (14-) ~''?ii lQIsablQIsaam] > e
58:7 (14-) C"J.11 1QIsab] 0"1J.111 1QIsaa; C'~~1 m L ; > 5
58:7 (15) 1n'O" 1QIsabm~] + iD 1QIsaa
58:7 (15) lifD:lr.:l' 1QIsab1QIsaa(ii'i-)llt] alTO TWV OlKELWV oou ~.; alTO TWV OI.KElWV TOU alTEPflaTOC;
cou ~ed mss (dbl)
58:7 (15) c'?l1nn 1QIsabm] '?l1m 1QIsaa (err?) ; irrrEpOl/Jl:l1f)

58:8 (16) In'1i~ lQIsa b] il,ro1i~' lQIsaam(ln'i~1)
58:8 (17) ":l" lQIsab1QIsaa~] " m
58:8 (17) mil' lQIsablQIsaam] TOD eEoD If)
58:9 (17) iWi" lQIsa b1QIsaam 1 Kat b eEOC; e

58:9 (17) j]"'tZln (11''1Wl:1? ef Lam 3:8) lQIsa b] l1'tZln lQIsaa; j]~rlJt;1 m-, ETL AaAoUvTOc; cou If)
58:9 (18) rr,~ 1QIsabmL(n'trq)] m?~11 1QIsaali)(vid)

58:10 (18) '~E3J 1QIsa b 1 QIsaa(iT~E3J)mL] 'en? mmssS; TOV apTov EK ljJuxfjc: oou 6)
58:10 (19) C'iiT:ll~ 1QIsab] C'i1il:ll~ 1QIsaa; C~lo.~P m L
58:11 (19) il1iT' ,nJ11QIsab1QIsaa(il~-)m] Kat. faTal 0 flE6c: cou ~ETU aoD Ii)
58:11 (20) m~~:::l 1QIsab m(nm-)] n1n:ll:ll:::l 1QIsaa (phon err?); Ka6alTEp Em6u~EI. 6)
58:11 (20) "~.P1 1QIsab1QIsaa(i'l"n10-) m] 1J;1Q~.vl mmss
58:11 (20) ~?n' 1QIsab 1QIsaa(1:ll'?n')] r?n' m
58:11 (21) 1'0'0 1QIsa b1QIsaamli)(vawp)] + Kat. TU OaTa OOU We; (3oTaVll avaTE~.E'l Kat. muv61laHUl
Kat. KATlPOVOI-J:fJoOUO"l yEVEUC: yEVEWV ~mss
58:12 (21-22) ,,, (1~iP1 1QIsaa)~ip1 CC1pn '" ,J:::l, 1QIsablQIsaam] Kat. OlKo8o~TJefJaovTaL '" KUt EOTaL
'" Kat KATl611UU Ii)
58:12 (22) :::l'tZ10 1QIsa b] :::l:::l1tZ10 1 QIsaam(:::l:::l~o); T01K aVel ~Eaov (= :::l':::lOO"?)
58:12 (22) n:JtZ1? 1QIsab1QIsaa] n~? m L; lTuoonc: (= n~ttt?) 6) (see next)
58:13 (23) n:JtZ10 lQIsa b1QIsaam] n:::ltZ1ilO 4QIsa n; alTO TWV OUf3f3liTWV 6)
58:13 (23) n1tZ1.11 1QIsabm([] n1tZ1.11O 1QIsaa4QIsan(m~m)li)([mss
58:13 (23) l:llE3n 1QIsa b6' Syh([SO] il~'~!)n 1 QIsaam(T~E3n)6) (orth or var?)
58:13 (23) ~iPl 1QIsab1QIsaa(iln~-)m] nip14QIsa n
58:13 (23-24) ;~~O] rrrr tZ11'P'1 1QIsab1QIsaa(tZ1"p"1) ([msso] '0" tZ11'P'? m([; ':::l~O [ 4QIsan; uyLa T4>
6E4> cou ~oms(et sanctum '" 0)
58:13 (24) 1n;::J~1 1QIsab1QIsaamSO] il~1 4QIsa n; > Ii); ip'n ([
58:13 (24) l~i' 1QIsab([S] iT~'~i' 1QIsaa4QIsan(1'-)m(T-)e'o; TOV lTOOa oou 6)
58:13 (24) ~1~OO 1QIsabme'([mss] '00' 1QIsaa([O(et non invenitur); ]o:ll°?O 4QIsan; OUK ... ElT' EpytV
e S( 'I.::ll Ch .6 0)
58:14 (25) JJ.!1m lQIsablQIsaam] lUU lTElTOlSWc: ~
58:14 (25) l:::l':>iil1 1QIsab1QIsaa(iT~-)4QIsan('i~iiil1)([('J'itZ1'1)6)(KUl. avaf3lf3lion OE)] l'n~iiT1 me'
S(~;.<..)O
58:14 (25) 'rlO:::l1QIsabm Q ] 'no1:::l1QIsaa; 'mO:::l m L; ElTl. Tel ayu6el (= ':::l1t:1:::l"?) Ii)
58:14 (25) l'n"~~il1 1QIsab4QIsan(Tn?;[~il1)mo] iT~,'~~m 1QIsaali)(lf.swfllEl 0/;)([5

59:1 (26) ~., liT 1QIsabm] ~1" iTJiT lQIsaa; ~i] aUK 6)
59:1 (27) U~ iT'~ 1QIsabmli)] "Jn~ 1'~ 1QIsaa
59:2 (27) '~ 1QIsab] C~ ~'~ 1QIsaam('~)
59:2 (27) 1':::l1 1QIsab] 1':::l, 1QIsaam
59:2 (28) 1i'nOiT 1QIsa b 1QIsaam] alTEOTpElf.sEv e
59:3 (29) iptZ1 1i:::l' ~'mnE3tZ1l1.11::J 1QIsa bm6)] 111.11::J 1QIsaa
59:4 (3D) ~i1p 1 QIsabm(~.,p)] ili1p 1QIsaa
59:4 (30-31 ) 1"?1il1 .. , 1iiT '" 1i:::l' ... 1nt:l:::l lQIsa b6) (3 pi) ] ,,'?,m ... il1iil .., i::J" ... ,nO:::l J Q'Isa";
,'?,m '" 'iil ... i:::l" .. , mO:::l m (inf abs)
59:4 (30) ~1tZ1 1QIsabm ] 1tZ1 1QIsaa (cf Job 15:31)
59:5 (31) 'J'W!:l~ 1QIsabm] C'J1.P£l~ 1QIsaa6)
59:5 (31) 1.11p:::l 1QIsabm] '.11P:::l' 1QIsaa
59:5 (31) Ui~' 1QIsabm] Ui" 1QIsaa
59:5 (32) i111~ 1QIsabm] .DElR 1QIsaa

59:6 (33) 'lOon' 1QIsabm] 10:>' 1QIsaa
59:6 (33-34) Qi'El:>:l con ~11[El1 1QIsabl QIsaa(~111El)mL] > e
59:7 (34) ; Jpj 1Qfsa" 1QIsaa(R'pJ)m('pJ)] > e (see NOTE)
Col. XXVI Isa 59:20-61:2 (Suk. col. II, Bar Hama)
59:20 (1) rrrr CRJ 1QIsab1QIsaa(0~U)m] > Ifi (see v 21)

59:21 (I) 'n1i 1QIsabmlfi] 'i1 1QIsaa
59:21 (2) 10[1]0' lQlsab] 11010' lQIsaam; EXAtTTlJ e
59:21 (2-3) l.Dir [.D]ir 'OO11QIsab1QIsaa(i1:>-)m] > e
59:21 (3) mi1' iO~ 1QIsabm] > 1Olsa"; ElrrE yap ruPWt; e (see v 20)
60:1 (3) 'i'~ 'O'p 1QIsab 1QIsaam] cPwTl(OlJ </>wTl(OlJ I EpoWaAT)1l e
60:1 (4) ,1:l:>' 1QIsabmlfi] ':> 1QIsaa
60:2 (5) ~Eli11i111QIsab] '1111QIsaam
60:3 (6) 0:>'''0' ... O',J 1Qfsa'' 1 QIsaa(l:J'~1J)m] 13a<JlAek ... E6vTl1fi
60:4 (7) i1J'roJn 1QIsa blfi(apeT)aoVTat)] mOM 1QIsaam
60:5 (8) 'Rin 1QIsab1QIsaamLIfi(&/Ju) ] '~i'n mmss (orth or var ..J~i'?; see next)
60:5 (8) inEl' rrrtn 1QIsabm] im, 1QIsaa; Kat <fx>13T)eT)au Ifi
60:5 (8) 1'?~ 1QIsab1QIsaa] 1'''11 m
60:5 (9) ~1:l' 1QIsabD ]'~':l' 1 QIsaam(1~:l'); Kat T\eOlJUl e
60:6 (9) ~:lroo ... iTEl'111 riC 1QIsabm] 1~:lroC ... 1£)'11' O'iO 1QIsaa
60:6 (10) n"iTn; 1QIsab1QIsaam] Kat TO uurn'jpLOV Ifi
60:6 (10) j1iro:l' 1QIsab] ri- 1QIsaam
60:7 (11) n1':lJ 1QIsabmlfied(Na13mw6)] m~:lJ lQIsaalfimss(Na13Ewe)
60:7 (1 I) lJ1mro' 1QIsab1QIsaam ] T\~OUUl aOllfi
60:7 (11) 1~.D' 1QIsabm] "1 1QIsaa
60:7 (11) l'~" 1QIsab] ?11 "~i? 1QIsaammssIfiSQ:; 11~i "11 m L
60:7 (1 I) 'ni~OO 1QIsa'" 1QIsaam] Tile; rrpooEuxfje; uou e
60:8 (12) iTJ'El11n 1Q Isa bm(m'El111n)] iT:lElEl111n 1Q I sa"
60:8 (12) CJ,'n:li~ "11 1Q Isa" 1 QIsaa(iTc.i'm:li~ "~)m(OiT'n:li~ ?~)] uw vEOUUO"ic: e
60:9 (13) 1'J:l 1QIsabmlfi] 'D 1QIsaa
60:9 (14) 1'i1?~ 1Q Isa" 1QIsaa('1?R)m] TO aylOv e
60:9 (14) li~El" lQlsablQlsaa(~':»m] lvSoeov Elvmlfi
60:11 (16) ~? 1QIsabmlfi] ~'?11QIsaa
60:12 (18) l":l.D' 1QIsabmL(l":;l~~)] ':>"1:l11' 1QIsaa
60:13 (18) 1'''~ 1QIsabmlfi] 1'?~' 1" 1nJ 1QIsaa
60:13 (19) iiTin 1QIsab ] iiTiiTm 1QIsaa; iiTinm
60:13 (19-20) i::l:>~ '?Ji c:npo, 1QIsa b1QIsaam] > e
60:14 (20) ,:>"m 1QIsabm] 1:>~iTRi 1QIsaa
60:14 (20) ?;:) r: 1QIsab1QIsaa(.,,;:)] > m65

60:14 (20-21) ?;:)-'1nnDm 1QIsab1QIsaa(?,;:)m] > 65
60:14 (21) l'::MJO 1QIsab1QIsaam] pr Kal 65
60:15 (22) i:3['11 ]1QIsab1QIsaam] 0 I3oTJOwv 6)
60:16 (23) npJ'1 1QIsabm] 'l"1- 1QIsaa
60:16 (23) 'pJ'l"1 ... 11ZTl 1QIsab1QIsaam] KalTIAOlrrOV ... <j>Q"yEaaL ~
60:16 (23) nl11" 1QIsabm] 'l"1- 1QIsaa
60:16 (24) J(1)P11' i':JN 1QIsab1QIsaam] SEQt; IOpaTJA 6)
60:18 (27) ~? 1QIsabm] ~,?, 1QIsaa65
60:18 (27) 1?1:JJ:J 1QIsab] l'?'JD 1 QIsaam~ (orth or var?)
60:18 (27) ~'P1 1QIsabm] iTl"1-1QIsaa
60:18 (27) iT.l11~' 1QIsabm] "iT 1QIsaa
60:18 (28) ;r'?1'1l"1 1QIsab1QIsaam] "yAUlllla 65
60:19 (29) rr-n 1QIsabm] + iI"'?J 1QIsaa65
60:19-20 (29) 'lO~' 0""11 i'~';l 1QIsab] mil' ~';:) ~~' ~1';llni" 11000 ~1J' ~,';l20 1m~~';l Tm"~, 0';l1.l1 ,,~.,
10"101 0"'11 '1~ 1" iI'i1' 1QIsaam( ... ';:) ... ~? '" 1111 ~'J' ~?20 .,. TiI"~')65
(dbl? or 0?'11 ,,~"r1c"'11 i'~';l?)
60:21 (30) ri~ 1QIsabm ms] + '~J 1 QIsaa4QIsam('i[~J)mL(,~~); + </>uMoowv (= '~J) e
60:21 (30) 1',l)t!)O 1QIsa b] mil' '11[:)0 1QIsaa; '11~O mq(cf a:SO); ,.v[:)O m L; TO </>lrrEUlla 65
60:21 (30-31) "i' ilIO.I10 1QIsab] 1'i' '10.110 1 QIsaa~; 'i' il10110 m
Qmg
61:1 (33) 0'iT'?~ m[iI' 1QIsab] inil' 1QIsaa65(vid)O(vid); il1i1' 'J]"i~ 4QIsamm65
61:1 (34) npnp~ 0"10~'" 1QIsa b 1QIsaa(mpnpEJ '''1) mmSS(mpnpEJ '''1)] nlp npEJ '''1 m-, Kal TU</>AOlC;
ava13MtPlv 6)
62:4 (2) 1" ... 1? 1QIsabm] ';:)" ... ':h 1QIsa"

62:4 (3) ?.11:JI'1--{';:) 2' 1QIsab1QIsaa(~';:)m] > 65
62:4 (3) 1J 1QIsabm] ';:)J 1QIsaa
62:5 (3) ?]11:1' 1QIsabm] ",.l1:J;:) 1QIsaa6) (cf cs and BHS n sa)
62:5 (4) lOi~6i 1QIsa b 1QIsaam] Kal EO"TaL OV TpOTIOV Eu</>paveT]ooal 65
62:6 (5) ;r'?~[?iI 1 Qfsa" 1QIsaa] + i'on m65
62:6-7 (5) (1? 1QIsaam)0;:)? ('I'i10i lI)'Oi,m ?~f (ilO- 1QIsaa)C;:)? '01?~ 1QIsab1QIsaam] 70UK EO"TL
"yap VlllV OIlOlOi;('I'ilO,I cf 23:1-2) 6)
62:7 (5) m? 1QIsab] ,? 1QIsaam
62:7 (5) c['lZl'i].i1 1QIsab] 0'10' i111 p1;:)' i.l1' p' i.l1 1QIsaa; 0'10' i111 pl;:)' i.l1 m6)(Eclv 5LOpSW<TIJ xul
TI0l11<TIJ) (see NOTE)
62:8 (6) j'Q']:J 1QIsab] .I11ifJ' ))'O'J 1 QIsaam~
62:8 (6) 1r.l1 1QIsab1QIsaa{1m1)m~] 1101p (:
62:8 (6) ?;:)~O 1JJ; li~ i111 1QIsa b] '0 1JJ1 1111 'l Qf sa"; '0 i1111JJi n~ m, ETl ... TOV OlTOV OOU Kat
TO. 13pW~aTa oou ~
62:8 (6) ~i lQIsabm~] O~ 1QIsaa
62:8 (7) rwi; 1QIsabm] 'nJ11' lQIsaa

62:9 (7) ['D 1QIsabm] + ~ 1QIsaadi(aXA' f})
62:9 (7) "!lO~C 1QIsabm 1 ';ri!lO~ 1QIsaa; ol C1UVclyOVTEC e
62:9 (7) 'i1?:>~' 1 QIsabmL(1i17=?~')] 'm?,:>~' 1QIsaa
62:9 (7) ,??i11 1QIsabm] '??i1'1 1QIsaa
62:9 (7) i1iiii n~ 1QIsabmdi] i11i1' TXl n~ 1QIsaa
62:9 (7) 'i1lW(' 1QIsabm] 'iI1lW' 1QIsaa; ntovrm aiml e
62:9fin (7-8) 'Wlpl ni~n:l 1QIsab(vid)mdi] + l'iI1~ i~ 1QIsaa
62:10 (8) 'i:Jl1 ;;[:Jl1 1 QIsabmL(1i~ 1i~)] 'i':J.I1 1QIsaadi
62:10 (8) ;?(')O i?(1)o lQIsablQIsaam] > e
62:10 (g) j:l~ 1QIsab] 9:lJ.i 1:l~C 1QIsaa; j:l~C m
62:10 (8) C'r.l.I1ii ?.I1 O[J 1r.l'iii lQIsabmdi] C'C.I1:l 'i'O~ 1QIsaa
62:11 (9) .I1'TXlii 1QIsa b mdi(ETTOLT)OEV aKoooTov) ] '.I1'TXlii 1QIsaa (see NOTE)
62:11 (9) ii~P 1QIsabmdi] "~p 1QIsaa

62:11 (9) 1n?.I1E)1 1QIsabm] ,'n?DE)' 1QIsaa
62:12 (10) ~iP' 1?1 1QIsabm] ~iP' ':>,?, 1QIsaa; ou 8E KAT)fhlOlJ e
63:1 (11) Pi~:l iiPi~:J 1QIsaam; BLKaLOovVllv
1QIsab ] e
63:2 (12) l1DIQIsa bmdi] iJ:l lQIsaa
63:3 (12) 'i:l? 'n:>ii ii;['E) 1QIsab 1QIsaam] lTAl)PT)C KaTalTElTaTTlflEVllC e
63:3 (12) C'C.I161,j 1QIsabmdi] 'CDO' 1QIsaa
63:3 (13) "):1 ?D cn~J f" 'ncn:J COOi~' 'E)~:I C:>i'~' ;[n~ lQIsa bmSO] 'n~ I Ql sa"; flET' EflOU Kat
KaTElTclTT)Oa a1houc EV eUfl6;) Kat KaTEeAaoa aiJTovs WC yfjv Kat KaTl)yayov TO alfla
aUTWv elc )'ilv di
63:3 (13) ('n?~)~ m)'n'?~) ;[tZ1,j:l?O ?(1):>1 lQIsablQIsaam (cf BHS n)] > e
63:4 (14) ':l?:llQIsablQIsaam] ETTi'JAeEV aUTOtC di
63:5 (14) iiO':l~' 1QIsab] 0':l~1 1QIsaam
63:5 (14) tZ1'~ 1QIsab] in.I1 1QIsaam(iTD)di(l3oT)e6c)
63:5 (14) iiOC'lW~' 1QIsab] Cr.l1lW~' 1QIsaam
63:5 (14) 10110 lQIsabm] 1c,n l Qlsa"; aVTEAafl~clvETo (= 1r.ln 42:1; = 100 26:3) e
63:5 (14) '? 1QIsablQIsaa(~''?)m] aiJTouc e
63:6 (15) iiO':l~; 1QIsab1QIsaa] 0':l~1 m
63:6 (15) c;oil1QIsab1QIsaam] aVToUc e
63:6 (IS) 'non:l Ci'~~' 1QIsab1QIsaa(iiOi'~~')] ':I Ci:;>tZ1~' m L; ':I Oi:;llZlN' m rnss ; > e
63:6 (IS) i1"i~' 1Qfsa? 1 QIsaa(ii1'i'~')] i'i'~' m
63:7 (16) :J;i!1 :Ji' 1QIsab1QIsaa] :110 :I'l' m L; KVpLOC KpLTl)C ayaeOc (=:lio :l1' cf 63:1) e
63:9 (18) 0~tZ1[J'1 )C'?i!1(J', lQIsabm] 0?OJ'1 ~tZ1J" l Ol sa-; Kat <iVEAa~EV aUTOVC Kat l$WOEV aVloVe Ii)
63:17 (25) m[ii'1J.I1nn 1QIsabmli)] 1wnn mil' lQIsaa

63:18 (26) ob[ 1QIsab1QIsaam] TOU opouc e
Col. XXVIII Isa 65:17-66:24 (Suk. col. 13, Jain frg. 28, DFU frgs. 11-12)
65:17 (1) ~i1:l [ lQIsablQIsaa(~i1:l 'L,)m] faTal If)

65:18 (1-2) 1?'J1 [1CD'CD 1QIsabm] ?'J; CD'CD 1QIsaa; Eixt>poaUVTW Kat a'Ya>J.ia~a Eupf}aouOlv If)
65:18 (2) ~i1:l ,~ iW[~ 'll "jil 1QIsab 1QIsaam] EV ainillf)
65:18 (2) iiC!ll1)1QIsablQIsaam] Kat TOV Xaov ~OU If) (cf v 19)
65:20 (3) ~? 1QIsabm] ~1?' 1QIsa"
65:20 (3) 00 1QIsab] iiOCDO lQIsaa; 000 m
65:20 (3) ]l:fO'; ?1Sl 1QIsab] " '?'11' 1 Olsa-, " ?~Sl m, dwpoe; If)
65:20 (4) ~?O' lQIsa bm] jj?O' lQIsaa
65:21 (5) C'iEl lQIsa bm] C~'i!J n~ lQIsaa
65:22 (5) riJi11QIsabm] fll lQIsaa; TOU ~UAOU Tfic (wilc If) (cf Gen 3:22, 24)
65:22-23 (6) 23 'i'n:l 1QIsa bm L(23 :'i'n:l)"] 23 ','n:l(23) 1QIsaa; 23 oi. 8£ EKAEKTOL uou If)
65:23 (6) '~i:l 1Q Isabm('~'i:l)] li:1 1 QIsaalf)(TrUAO'Yll~Evov)
65:23 (7) cn~ (ii)di1'~~~~' lQIsablQIsaamlf)mss] > If)
65:25 (7) ~r lQIsabm] :1r lQIsaa
65:25 (8) jfi~i 1QIsabm] "~1 1QIsaa
65:25 (8) "~:::llQIsablQIsaa(?'~:1)m] Errt If)
66:2 (10) 1'i1" 1QIsabm] 1'jj1 1Q'Isa"
66:2 (II) rm ii~)J1 1Q'lsa> (cf BHS n 2 b)] " '~)J' 1Olsa-; " ii~J1 m L ; " ~~J1 mmss; Kat iJauxLOv If)
66:2 (11) 1in; lQIsabm L('''1r;T1)] 'i,nm lQIsaa
66:2 (II) "i:ri '?~ lQIsab] 'i:1''? 1QIsaa; 'i:11?D m
66:3 (11) jj)O 1QIsabm] ii)o) 1QIsaa 1f)(W1; ... )
66:3 (II) ~i111~'~ lQIsablQIsaam(C'ji11)] > e
66:3 (12) i'm lQIsabm L(i'rr!)] i'nn lQIsaa (see Kutscher, HHL, 98)
66:4 (13) cniJO:J[1 1Q Isa'' 1Q Isaa(iiO"n1i1JO:l1)] cn.,1J01 m, Kat TClc a~apTLac If)
66:4 (14) Sliii lQIsabm] pr n~ lQIsaa
66:5 (IS) 1'~ .,. 1Sl0CD lQIsab1QIsaa] ~iO~ ... ~Sl~ m L ; aKOlxJUTE ... drran: (= ~iO~ ... ~DOrD) If)
66:5 (IS) c;,{'];[J]6 (jj)0~'~(1)CD (ii)O~'n~ 1QIsa b 1QIsaam ] a8EA<j>ot iJ~wv TOLC ~LaouaLv iJ~(k Kat
~8EAuaao~EvOLc If)
66:5 (IS) mii' (i~' mL)i:l)'; '00 1110? lQIsablQIsaam ] '(va TO 5vo~a KUpLOU 8o~aaOiJ e (= ,~,.)
66:7 (17) i1C:l]'?0.,; 1QIsabm] iiC:l''?o., 1QIsaa; EeE<j>VYE Kat fTEKEV If)
66:8 (17) '02' lQIsabm ] ~'01 lQIsaa
66:8 (17) ii~i 1QIsabmlf)] ii~'" 1QIsaa
66:9 (19) 'ni~D1 ,''?1[Oii 1QIsabm] ii';~Sl~1 "'10.i 1 Qf sa-; yEvvWaav Kat aTElpav ErrOLTjaa If)
66:11 (21) rro lQIsabm] moo l Qfsa-; drro Ela680u If)
66:12 (22) l'?.11 cnpJ'1 lQIsa b] jjJ'CDJrl'~?.I1 iiQ,'ni[pJ1'1 lQIsaa If)(Ta TrUl8La airrwv Err' WflWV cip~aOVTaL);
~~t!nl'1 i~ '?.11 Cl.;lP~'1 m L
66:12 (22) 1Slrbbnrbn lQIsablQIsaa] 111CD11tql;1 mL ; rrapaKMEhlaoVTUl If)
66:14 (24) [1':l'~]n~ ... 1":Ji1li[~11QIsablQIsaam] role aE~flEvOLC aiJTov .,. Tale:; QTIEL8oUow If)
66:15 (25) CD~:l lQIsablQIsaam L ] CD~ mmsslf)
66:15 (25) 1£l~ i1o)li:i 1QIsab1QIsaa·mlfi] 1~ \ 1£l~ i10T1:l1QIsa3corr (err; see VAR at 66:20)
66:15 (25) ini.tm 1QIsabmlfi] "ni.tm 1QIsaa
66:16 (26) OO]rbJ 1QIsabm] o,ooi;l ~i::l' 1QIsaa; KpL61lunaL rrdon i} yii (= r'~i1 i;l::> OooJ·) e
66:16 (26) iT[,iT'] 'i;li;ln 1QIsabmlfj] ;'i;li;ln 1QIsaa
66:17 (27) rin~,~ 1QIsablQIsaamq mss] ~~ ,n~ m L ; > e
66:17 (27) iTiiT; ~J '00' 1QIsabmlfj] iTin';~ l Qlsa-
66:19 (29) n,~ 1QIsabm] mm~ 1QIsaalfj(01l~El.a)
66:19 (29) ?,~ lQIsablQIsaam] Kat <l>ov8lfj (= t:l'£l.? cf Jer 46:9)
66:19 (29) rnlp[ '::>a1]O lQIsa bm L ] rnlp[ ]i'~o lQIsaa; > rnlp mms; Kat Mooox e
66:20 (31) i;l]; ~ 1QIsabm 1 i;l,;, lQIsaa·; ?1::> \ ?1::> ~ 1QIsaacorr (err; see VAR at 66:15); > e
66:20 (31) i;l::>o lQIsab 1QIsaa corrmlfj] > 1QIsaa·
66:20 (32) n1'::>':>[:l1 1QIsab ] m:l1::>'1::>:l1 1QIsaa.; n1'~l:;>;l~ m L ; ~ETa GKw8i.wv e
66:20 (32) i;l,I] 1QIsabm] i;l~ lQIs aalfj(Ek)
66:20 (32) ,., 1QIsablQIsaa('iiT)4QIsacm] Ti]v ... TrOALV lfj
66:21 (34) c"i;li;l 1QIsa b 1QIsaa(C","")m L ] pr 1 mmsslfj5Syh
INDEX OF BIBLICAL PASSAGES
THIS INDEX lists all the passages preserved, sometimes minimally, in the manuscripts
of the Book of Isaiah from Qumran. There are no Isaiah manuscripts from other sites
except some tiny fragments of chapter 1 from Murabba'at, which are listed for
comprehensiveness. Not included are quotations of Isaiah in non-biblical manuscripts.
Isaiah 11:7-9 4QIsab

1:1-66:24 1QIsaa 11:11-15 4QIsaa
1:1-6 4QIsab 11:14-15 4QIsae
1:1-6 4-QIs~ 12:1-6 4QIsae
1:1-3 4QIsaa 12:1 4QIsac
1:4-8, 11-14 Murlsa 12:2 4QIsab
1:10-16, 18-31 4QIsi 12:3-6 1QIsab
2:1-4 4QIsae 12:4-6 4QIsaa
2:1-3 4QIsaf 13:1-16 4QIsaa
2:3-16 4QIsab 13:1-8,16-19 1QIsab
2:7-10 4QIsaa 13:1-4- 4QIsae
3:14-22 4QIsab 13:3-18 4QIsa b
4:5-6 4QIsa a 14:1-13,20-24 4QIsae
5:1 4QIsaa 14:1-5, 13? 4QIsac
5:13-14, 25 4QIsi 14:28-32 4QIsao
5:15-28 4QIsab 15:1-2 4QIsao
5:28-30 4QpapIsaP 15:2-9 1QIsab
6:3-8, 10-13 4QIsa f 16:1-3, 5-12 lQIsa b
6:4-8 4QIsaa 17:8-14 4QIsa b
7:14-15 4QIsa' 17:9-14 4QIsaa
7:16-18,23-25 4QIsaf 18:1,5-7 4QIsab
7:17-20 4QIsae 19:1-25 4QIsa b
7:20-25 1QIsab 19:7-17,20-25 1QIsab
8:1,4-11 4QIsaf 19:24-25 4QIsaa
8:1 1QIsab 20:1-6 4QIsaa
8:2-14 4QIsae 20:1-4 4QIsab
8:8 or 10? 1QIsab 20:1 1QIsa b
8:11-14 4QIsa1 20:4-6 4QIsa f
9:3-12 4QIsac 21:1-16 4QIsaa
9:10-11 4-QIsab 21:11-14 4QIsa b
9:17-20 4QIsae 22:10-14, 23 4QIsa c
10:1-10 4QIsae 22:9-20, 24-25 1QIsa b
10:16-19 1QIsab 22:13-25 4QIsaa
10:23-33 4QIsac 22:14-22, 25 4QIsaf
11:4-11, 14-16 4QIsac 22:24-25 4QIsab
23:1-12 4QIsaa 43:12-15 4QIsa b

23:1-5 1QIsab 44:3-7,23 4QIsac
23:8-18 4QIsac 44:19-28 4QIsab
24:1-15, 19-23 4QIsac 44:21-28 1QIsa b
24:1-3 4QIsa f 45:1-13 1QIsab
24:2,4 4QIsab 45:1-4, 6-8 4QIsa c
24:18-23 1QIsab 45:20-25 4QIsab
25:1-8 1QIsab 45:20 4QIsad
25:1-2,8-12 4QIsac 46:1-3 4QIsab
26:1-9 4QIsac 46:3-13 1QIsab
26:1-5,7-19 4QIsab 46:8-13 4QIsac
26:1-5 1QIsab 46:10-13 4QIsad
27:1, 5-6, 8-12 4QIsa f 47:1-14 1QIsab
28:6-14 4QIsac 47:1-6,8-9 4QIsa d
28:6-9, 16-18?, 22, 24? 4QIsi 48:6-8 4QIsab
28:15-21 1QIsab 48:8-22 4QIsad
28:26-29 4QIsak 48: 10-1 5, 17 -1 9 4QIsac
29:1-9 4QIsak 48:17-22 1QIsab
29:1-8 1QIsab 49:1-15 1QIsab
29:8? 4QIsaf 49:1-15 4QIsad
30:8-17 4QIsac 49:21-23 4QIsab
30:10-15,21-26 1QIsa b 49:22 4QIsac
30:23 4QIsar 50:7-11 1QIsab
32:17-20 1QIsab 51:1-11 1QIsab
33 :2-8, 16-23 4QIsac 51:1-2,14-16 4QIsab
33:16-17? 4QIsaa 51:8-16 4QIsac
35:4-7 1QIsab 52:2,7 4QIsab
35:9-10 4QIsab 52:4-7 4QIsad
36:1-2 4QIsab 52:7-15 1QIsab
37:7-13 1QIsab 52:10-15 4QIsac
37:29-32 4QIsab 53:1-12 1QIsab
38:12-22 1QIsab 53:1-3,6-8 4QIsac
39:1-8 1QIsab 53:8-12 4QIsa d
39:1-8 4QIsab 53:11-12 4QIsab
39:3? (or 41:25?) 5QIsa 54:1-11 4QIsa d
40:1-4,22-26 4QIsab 54:1-6 1QIsab
40:2-3 1QIsab 54:3-5,7-17 4QIsa c
40:16,18-19 5QIsa 54:10-13 4QIsa Q
41:3-24 1QIsab 55:1-7 4QIsac
41:8-11 4QIsab 55:2-13 1QIsab
41:25? (or 39:3?) 5QIsa 56:1-12 1QIsab
42:2-7, 9-12 4QIsab 56:7-8 4QIsai
42:4-11 4QIsah 57: 1-4, 17-21 1QIsab
42:14-25 4QIsag 57:5-8 4QIsai
43:1-14, 20-27 l Qf sa" 57:9-21 4QIsad
43:1-4, 16-24 4QIsag 58:1-14 1QIsab
INDEX OF BIBLICAL PASSAGES 257
58:1-3, 5-7 4QIsad

58:13-14 4QIsan
59:1-8,20-21 1QIsab
59:15-16 4QIsae
60:1-22 1QIsab
60:20-22 4QIsam
61:1-3 1QIsab
61:1-3 4QIsab
61:1,3-6 4QIsam
62:2-12 1QIsab
63:1-19 1QIsab
64:1,6-8 1QIsab
64:5-11 4QIsab
65:1 4QIsab
65:17-25 1QIsab
66:1-24 1QIsab
66:20-24 4QIsac
66:24 4QIsab
INDEX OF CONTENTS OF THE ISAIAH MANUSCRIPTS
lQIsaa 13:1-16 4QIsac
1-66 17:9-14
9:3-12
19:24-25
10:23-33
20:1-6
lQIsa b 11:4-11, 14-16
21:1-16
12:1
7:20-8:1 22:13-25 14:1-5,13?
8:8 or 8:10? 23:1-12
22:10-14,23
10:16-19 33:16-17(?)
23:8-18
12:3-13:8
24:1-15,19-23
13:16-19
15:2-16:3 4QIsab 25:1-2,8-12
26:1-9
16:5-12 1:1-6
28:6-14
19:7-17 2:3-16
30:8-17
19:20-20:1 3:14-22
33:2-8, 16-23
22:9-20 5:15-28
44:3-7,23
22:23-23:5 9:10-11
45:1-4,6-8
24:18-25:8 11:7-9
46:8-13
26:1-5 12:2
48:10-15,17-19
28:15-21 13:3-18
49:22
29:1-8 17:8-14
51:8-16
30:10-15 18:1,5-7
52:10-15
30:21-26 19:1-25
53:1-3,6-8
32:17-20 20:1-4
54:3-5,7-17
35:4-7 21:11-14
55:1-7
37:7-13 22:24-25
66:20-24
38:12-40:4 24:2,4
41:3-24 26:1-5,7-19
43:1-14,20-27 4QIsad
35:9-10
44:21-45:13 36:1-2 45:20
46:3-47:14 37:29-32 46:10-13
48:17-49:15 47:1-6,8-9
39:1-8
50:7-51:11 48:8-22
40:1-4,22-26
52:7-54:6 49:1-15
41:8-11
55:2-57:4 52:4-7
42:2-7,9-12
57:17-59:8 53:8-12
43:12-15
59:20-61:2 54: 1-11
44:19-28
62:2-64:11 57:9-21
45:20-25
65: 17-66:24 58:1-3,5-7
46: 1-3
48:6-8
4QIsaa 49:21-23
4QIsae
1: 1-3 51:1-2, 14-16 2:1-4
2:7-10 52:2, 7 7:17-20
4:5-6 53:11-12 8:2-14
5:1 61: 1-3 9:17-20
6:4-8 64:5-11 10:1-1 0
11:11-15 65:1 11:14-15
12:4-6 66:24 12:1-6
4QIsae (ctd.) 4QIsah 4QIsan

13:1-4 42:4-11 58:13-14
14:1-13,20-24
59:15-16 4QIsai 4QIsao
56:7-8 14:28-32
4QIsaf 57:5-8 15:1-2
1:10-16, 18-31
2:1-3 4QIsai pap4QIsaP
5:13-14,25 1:1-6 5:28-30
6:3-8, 10-13
7:16-18, 23-25
4QIsak 4QIsaQ
8:1,4-11
20:4-6 28:26-29 54:10-13
22:14-22, 25 29:1-9
24:1-3 4QIsar
27:1,5-6,8-12 4QIsa1 30:23
28:6-9, 16-18(?), 22, 24? 7: 14-15
29:8? 8:11-14
4QIsag 4QIsam
42:14-25 60:20-22
43:1-4, 16-24 61:1,3-6

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DISCOVERIES IN THE JDDAEAN DESERT· XXXII

EMANUEL TOV, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

EUGENE ULRICH and PETER W. FLINT

MARTIN G. ABEGG, JR. ~ ~.

CLARENDON PRESS· OXFORD

TABLE OF PLATES X 111

Plates A-J XIX

THE GREAT ISAIAH SCROLL: lQIsaa 1

THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY ISAIAH SCROLL: 1QIsab 111

THE GREAT ISAIAH SCROLL: 1QIsaa 57

THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY ISAIAH SCROLL: 1QIsab 195

INDEX OF BIBLICAL PASSAGES 255

Frontispiece 1Q'Isa" Columns XXXII-XXXIII Isaiah 38-40 v

Plate B 1QIsaa Column XLIX Isaiah 59-61 xx

Plate D 1QIsaa Columns XI-XIII Isaiah 11-16 XXll

Plate E 'l Qfsa" Martin Scheyen Fragments XX111

Plate F 1QIsab Before Unrolling XXIV

Plate G 1QIsab Column XXI Bar Hama xxv

Plate J 1QIsab Columns XXIII-XXVI Bar Hama XXVll

THE GREAT ISAIAH SCROLL: 1Qlsaa

Plate I 1QIsaa Col. I 1:1-26 3

Plate XX 1QIsaa Col. XX 25:6-26:18 41

THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY ISAIAH SCROLL: 1QIsab

EUGENE ULRICH PETER W. FLINT

\ division between lines in a manuscript

II 4-5 the second column of the manuscript, lines 4-5

m the Masoretic Text (as in Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia)

NOTE(S) the note(s) to the transcriptions in the individual editions

E, e end of line left blank: major, minor interval

Mus. Inv. 265 Museum Inventory number

This tno Edition of 1Qlsaa and 1 Qlsab

The Discovery of Cave 1 and the Seven Scrolls'

The Great Isaiah Scroll (1 QIsaa ) :

Initial Purchase and Identification

The Metropolitan Samuel and St Mark's Monastery

Eleazar Sukenik and the Hebrew University

6Yadin, Message of the Scrolls (rev. ed.), 25.

The American School of Oriental Research, First Photographs, and Authentification

The Director of ASOR, Millar Burrows, returned on 27 February. After Trever

True Location of the Scrolls Reoealed

- Trever, The Untold Story, 85

The Great Isaiah Scroll in the United States

The Hebrew University Isaiah Scroll (1 QIsab)

11Yadin, Message of the Scrolls (Revised Edition), 25.

13Cf. VanderKam and Flint, Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls, 7.

The Isaiah Scrolls at the Shrine of the Book

The Photographs of 1Qlsaa

Trever's colour transparency of cols. XXXII-XXXIII was to achieve international

-Trever, The Untold Story, 43

-Trever, The Untold Story, 127

Masao Sekine and Kodansha

Ardon Bar Hama

The Photographs of lQIsaa Used for tnt: XXXII

The Photographs of 1 Qlsab

Ardon Bar Hama

The Photographs of lQIsab Used for DJD XXXII

1. ORTHOGRAPHY (LLBIS 5-8, 126-186; HDSS §100)

1.2 Yod as mater lectionis (LLBIS 148-59; HDSS §100.32-34)

1.3 'Alep as mater (LLBIS 160-164; HDSS §100.61)