11 Physics Work and Energy

MCQs Worksheet

1
A body of mass m is moving in a circle of radius r with a constant speed
v. The force on the body is r mv 2 and is directed towards the centre.
What is the work done by this force in moving the body over half the
circumference of the circle:
𝑚𝑣 2 𝑚𝑣 2 𝜋𝑟 2
(a) (b) Zero (c) d)
𝜋𝑟 2 𝑟2 𝑚𝑣 2

(b) Work done by centripetal force is always zero, because force and
instantaneous displacement are always perpendicular.
W = F.s = Fscos𝜃 = Fscos900 = 0

2
The same retarding force is applied to stop a train. The train stops after 80
m. If the speed is doubled, then the distance will be:
(a) The same (b) Doubled
(c) Halved (d) Four times

(d) Stopping distance S ∝ 𝑣 2 . If the speed is doubled then the

stopping distance will be four times.

3
You lift a heavy book from the floor of the room and keep it in the book-shelf
having a height 2 m. In this process you take 5 seconds. The work done by you
will depend upon:
(a) Mass of the book and time taken
(b) Weight of the book and height of the book-shelf
(c) Height of the book-shelf and time taken
(d) Mass of the book, height of the book-shelf and time taken

(b) Work done = Force × displacement

= Weight of the book × Height of the book shel

4
A body of mass m kg is lifted by a man to a height of one metre in 30
sec. Another man lifts the same mass to the same height in 60 sec. The
work done by them are in the ratio:
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 1 (c) 2 : 1 (d) 4 : 1

(b) Work done does not depend on time

5
A body of mass 6kg is under a force which causes displacement in it given
𝑡2
by S = metres where t is time. The work done by the force in 2 seconds
4
is:
(a) 12 J (b) 9 J (c) 6 J (d) 3 J

𝑡2
F = ma S=
4
1 𝑡 (2)2
v = (2t) = S= = 1m
4 2 4
1 W = Fd
a=
2

1 W = (3)(1) = 3J
F= (6)( ) = 3N
2
6
A body of mass 10kg at rest is acted upon simultaneously by two forces 4
N and 3N at right angles to each other. The kinetic energy of the body at
the end of 10 sec is:
(a) 100 J (b) 300 J (c) 50 J (d) 125 J

Net force on body = 42 + 32 = 5

𝐹 5 1 −2 𝑣
a= = = m𝑠 a = ⇒ v = at
𝑚 10 2 𝑡

1 1 1
K.E = 𝑚𝑣 2 = m(𝑎𝑡) = (10)(5)2 = 125J
2
2 2 2

7
Which of the following is a unit of energy:
(a) Unit (b) Watt (c) Horse Power (d) None

(d) Watt and Horsepower are the unit of power

8
A particle is acted upon by a force of constant magnitude which is always
perpendicular to the velocity of the particle, the motion of the particle takes
place in a plane. It follows that:
(a) Its velocity is constant
(b) Its acceleration is constant
(c) Its kinetic energy is constant
(d) It moves in a straight line

(c) When a force of constant magnitude which is perpendicular to the

velocity of particle acts on a particle, work done is zero and hence change in
kinetic energy is zero.

9
A man starts walking from a point on the surface of earth (assumed smooth)
and reaches diagonally opposite point. What is the work done by him:
(a) Zero (b) Positive
(c) Negative (d) Nothing can be said

(a) As surface is smooth so work done against friction is zero. Also the
displacement and force of gravity are perpendicular so work done against
gravity is zero

10
It is easier to draw up a wooden block along an inclined plane than to haul it
vertically, principally because:
(a) The friction is reduced
(b) The mass becomes smaller
(c) Only a part of the weight has to be overcome
(d) ‘g’ becomes smaller

(c) Opposing force in vertical pulling = mg

But opposing force on an inclined plane is mg sin𝜃, which is less than mg.

11
Two bodies of masses 1 kg and 5 kg are dropped gently from the top of a
tower. At a point 20 cm from the ground, both the bodies will have the same:
(a) Momentum (b) Kinetic energy
(c) Velocity (d) Total energy

(c) Velocity of fall is independent of the mass of the falling body.

12
A ball is released from the top of a tower. The ratio of work done by
force of gravity in first, second and third second of the motion of the ball
is:
(a) 1 : 2 : 3 (b) 1 : 4 : 9 (c) 1 : 3 : 5 (d) 1 : 5 : 3

13
Work done in raising a box depends on
(a) How fast it is raised (b) The strength of the man
(c) The height by which it is raised
(d) None of the above

(c) Work in raising a box = (weight of the box) × (height by which it is raised)

14
A light and a heavy body have equal momenta. Which one has greater K.E:
(a) The light body (b) The heavy body
(c) The K.E. are equal (d) Data is incomplete

15
The kinetic energy possessed by a body of mass m moving with a velocity
1
v is equal to 𝑚𝑣 2 , provided:
2
(a) The body moves with velocities comparable to that of light
(b) The body moves with velocities negligible compared to the speed of
light
(c) The body moves with velocities greater than that of light
(d) None of the above statement is correct

(b) Due to theory of relativity

16
If the momentum of a body is increased n times, its kinetic energy increases:
(a) n times (b) 2n times (c) 𝑛 times (d) 𝑛2 times

17
When work is done on a body by an external force, its:
(a) Only kinetic energy increases
(b) Only potential energy increases
(c) Both kinetic and potential energies may increase
(d) Sum of kinetic and potential energies remains constant

An external force can change the kinetic energy or potential energy of an

object without doing work on the object- that is, without transferring energy
to the object. Instead, the force is responsible for transfers of energy from one
type to another inside the object.

18
A light and a heavy body have equal kinetic energy. Which one has a
greater momentum ?
(a) The light body (b) The heavy body
(c) Both have equal momentum
(d) It is not possible to say anything without additional information

19
If the stone is thrown up vertically and return to ground, its potential
energy is maximum:
(a) During the upward journey
(b) At the maximum height
(c) During the return journey (d) At the bottom

(b) Potential energy = mgh Potential energy is maximum when h is

maximum

20
In which case does the potential energy decrease:
(a) On compressing a spring
(b) On stretching a spring
(c) On moving a body against gravitational force
(d) On the rising of an air bubble in water

(d) In compression or extension of a spring work is done against restoring

force. In moving a body against gravity work is done against gravitational
force of attraction. It means in all three cases potential energy of the system
increases. But when the bubble rises in the direction of upthrust force then
system works so the potential energy of the system decreases.

21
If momentum is increased by 20%, then K.E. increases by:
(a) 44% (b) 55% (c) 66% (d) 77%

Use lecture Short trick (a) 44%

22
The mass of two substances are 4gm and 9gm respectively. If their kinetic
energies are same, then the ratio of their momenta will be:
(a) 4 : 9 (b) 9 : 4 (c) 3 : 2 (d) 2 : 3

23
Which among the following, is a form of energy:
(a) Light (b) Pressure
(c) Momentum (d) Power

(a) Light

24