Final DSA Lab

1)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
// Structure to represent a day in the calendar
struct Day {
char * dayName;
// Dynamically allocated string for the day name
int date;
char * activity;
// Dynamically allocated string for the activity description
};
// Function to create a day
void create(struct Day * day) {
// Allocate memory for the day name and activity
day -> dayName = (char * ) malloc(sizeof(char) * 20);
// Assuming day names are less than 20 characters
day -> activity = (char * ) malloc(sizeof(char) * 100);
// Assuming activity descriptions are less than 100 characters // Input the day details
printf("Enter the day name:");
scanf("%s", day -> dayName); printf("Enter the date:");
scanf("%d", & day -> date); printf("Enter the activity for the day:");
scanf(" %[^\n]s", day -> activity); // Read the entire line, including spaces
} // Function to read data from the keyboard and create the calendar
void read(struct Day * calendar, int size) {
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
printf("Enter details for Day %d:\n", i + 1);
create( & calendar[i]);
} // Function to display the calendar
void display(struct Day * calendar, int size) {
printf("\nWeek's Activity Details:\n");

printf("Day %d:\n", i + 1);
printf("Day Name: %s\n", calendar[i].dayName);
printf("Date: %d\n", calendar[i].date);
printf("Activity: %s\n", calendar[i].activity);
printf("\n");
} // Function to free the dynamically allocated memory
void freeMemory(struct Day * calendar, int size) {
free(calendar[i].dayName);
free(calendar[i].activity);
} int main() {
int size;
printf("Enter the number of days in the week:");
scanf("%d", & size); // Dynamically allocate memory for the calendar
struct Day * calendar = (struct Day * ) malloc(sizeof(struct Day) * size); // Check if memory
allocation is successful
if (calendar == NULL) {
printf("Memory allocation failed. Exiting program.\n");
return 1;
} // Read and display the calendar
read(calendar, size);
display(calendar, size); // Free the dynamically allocated memory
freeMemory(calendar, size); // Free the memory allocated for the calendar array
free(calendar); return 0;
Output
Enter the number of days in the week: 7 Enter details for Day 1:
Enter the day name: Sunday
Enter the date: 1
Enter the activity for the day: Learning Enter details for Day 2:
Enter the day name: Monday
Enter the date: 2
Enter the activity for the day: Coding Enter details for Day 3:
Enter the day name: Tuesday
Enter the date: 3
Enter the activity for the day: Testing Enter details for Day 4:
Enter the day name: Wednesday
Enter the date: 4
Enter the activity for the day: Debugging Enter details for Day 5:
Enter the day name: Thrusday
Enter the date: 5
Enter the activity for the day: Publishing Enter details for Day 6:
Enter the day name: Friday
Enter the date: 6
Enter the activity for the day: Marketing Enter details for Day 7:
Enter the day name: Saturday
Enter the date: 7
Enter the activity for the day: Earning Week's Activity Details:
Day 1:
Day Name: Sunday
Date: 1
Activity: Learning Day 2:
Day Name: Monday
Date: 2
Activity: Coding Day 3:
Day Name: Tuesday
Date: 3
Activity: Testing Day 4:
Day Name: Wednesday
Date: 4
Activity: Debugging Day 5:
Day Name: Thrusday
Date: 5
Activity: Publishing Day 6:
Day Name: Friday
Date: 6
Activity: Marketing Day 7:
Day Name: Saturday
Date: 7
Activity: Earning
2)
#include<stdio.h> char str[50], pat[20], rep[20], res[50];
int c = 0, m = 0, i = 0, j = 0, k, flag = 0;
void stringmatch() {
while (str[c] != '\0') {
if (str[m] == pat[i]) {
i++;
m++;
if (pat[i] == '\0') {
flag = 1;
for (k = 0; rep[k] != '\0'; k++, j++) {
res[j] = rep[k];
i = 0;
c = m;
} else {
res[j] = str[c];
j++;
c++;
m = c;
i = 0;
res[j] = '\0';
void main() {
printf("Enter the main string:");
gets(str);
printf("\nEnter the pat string:");
gets(pat);
printf("\nEnter the replace string:");
gets(rep);
printf("\nThe string before pattern match is:\n %s", str);
stringmatch();
if (flag == 1)
printf("\nThe string after pattern match and replace is: \n %s ", res);
else
printf("\nPattern string is not found");
O/P
Enter the main string:Designed by vtucode Enter the pat string:vtucode Enter the replace
string:Braham The string before pattern match is:
Designed by vtucode
The string after pattern match and replace is:
Designed by Braham
Enter the main string:Designed by Developer Enter the pat string:vtucode Enter the replace
string:Braham The string before pattern match is:
Designed by Developer
Pattern string is not found
3)
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #define MAX 3 //you can change this size according to your
requirement int s[MAX];
int top = -1; void push(int item);
int pop();
void palindrome();
void display(); void main() {
int choice, item;
while (1) {
printf("\n\n\n\n~~~~~~Menu~~~~~~ : ");
printf("\n=>1.Push an Element to Stack and Overflow demo ");
printf("\n=>2.Pop an Element from Stack and Underflow demo");
printf("\n=>3.Palindrome demo ");
printf("\n=>4.Display ");
printf("\n=>5.Exit");
printf("\nEnter your choice: ");
scanf("%d", & choice);
switch (choice) {
case 1:
printf("\nEnter an element to be pushed: ");
scanf("%d", & item);
push(item);
break;
case 2:
item = pop();
if (item != -1)
printf("\nElement popped is: %d", item);
break;
case 3:
palindrome();
break;
case 4:
display();
break;
case 5:
exit(1);
default:
printf("\nPlease enter valid choice ");
break;
} void push(int item) {
if (top == MAX - 1) {
printf("\n~~~~Stack overflow~~~~");
return;
} top = top + 1;
s[top] = item;
} int pop() {
int item;
if (top == -1) {
printf("\n~~~~Stack underflow~~~~");
return -1;
item = s[top];
top = top - 1;
return item;
} void display() {
int i;
if (top == -1) {
printf("\n~~~~Stack is empty~~~~");
return;
printf("\nStack elements are:\n ");
for (i = top; i >= 0; i--)
printf("| %d |\n", s[i]);
} void palindrome() {
int flag = 1, i;
printf("\nStack content are:\n");
for (i = top; i >= 0; i--)
printf("| %d |\n", s[i]); printf("\nReverse of stack content are:\n");
for (i = 0; i <= top; i++)
printf("| %d |\n", s[i]); for (i = 0; i <= top / 2; i++) {
if (s[i] != s[top - i]) {
flag = 0;
break;
if (flag == 1) {
printf("\nIt is palindrome number");
} else {
printf("\nIt is not a palindrome number");
O/P
~~~~~~Menu~~~~~~ :
=>1.Push an Element to Stack and Overflow demo
=>2.Pop an Element from Stack and Underflow demo
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>5.Exit Enter your choice: 1

Enter an element to be pushed: 11 ~~~~~~Menu~~~~~~ :
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
Enter an element to be pushed: 14
~~~~Stack overflow~~~~ ~~~~~~Menu~~~~~~ :
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
Stack elements are:
| 13 |
| 12 |
| 11 | ~~~~~~Menu~~~~~~ :

=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
Element popped is: 13 ~~~~~~Menu~~~~~~ :
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
Stack elements are:
| 12 |
| 11 | ~~~~~~Menu~~~~~~ :
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
~~~~Stack underflow~~~~ ~~~~~~Menu~~~~~~ :

=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
~~~~Stack is empty~~~~ ~~~~~~Menu~~~~~~ :
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
Stack content are:
| 11 |
| 22 |
| 11 | Reverse of stack content are:
| 11 |
| 22 |
| 11 | It is palindrome number ~~~~~~Menu~~~~~~ :
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
Stack content are:
| 22 |
| 33 |
| 11 | Reverse of stack content are:
| 11 |
| 33 |
| 22 | It is not a palindrome number ~~~~~~Menu~~~~~~ :
=>3.Palindrome demo
=>4.Display
4)
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> void evaluate();
void push(char);
char pop();
int prec(char); char infix[30], postfix[30], stack[30];
int top = -1; void main() {
printf("\nEnter the valid infix expression:");
scanf("%s", infix);
evaluate();
printf("\nThe entered infix expression is :\n %s \n", infix);
printf("\nThe corresponding postfix expression is :\n %s \n", postfix);
} void evaluate() {
int i = 0, j = 0;
char symb, temp; push('#'); for (i = 0; infix[i] != '\0'; i++) {
symb = infix[i];
switch (symb) {
case '(':
push(symb);
break; case ')':
temp = pop();
while (temp != '(') {
postfix[j] = temp;
j++;
temp = pop();
break;
case '+':
case '-':
case '*':
case '/':
case '%':
case '^':
case '$':
while (prec(stack[top]) >= prec(symb)) {
temp = pop();
postfix[j] = temp;
j++;
push(symb);
break;
default:
postfix[j] = symb;
j++;
while (top > 0) {

temp = pop();
postfix[j] = temp;
j++;
postfix[j] = '\0';
} void push(char item) {
top = top + 1;
stack[top] = item;
} char pop() {
char item;
item = stack[top];
top = top - 1;
return item;
} int prec(char symb) {
int p;
switch (symb) {
case '#':
p = -1;
break; case '(':
case ')':
p = 0;
break; case '+':
case '-':
p = 1;
break; case '*':
case '/':
case '%':
p = 2;
break; case '^':
case '$':
p = 3;
break;
return p;
O/P
Enter the valid infix expression:(a+b)*c/d^5%1
The entered infix expression is :
(a+b)*c/d^5%1 The corresponding postfix expression is :
ab+c*d5^/1%
5)
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<math.h> int i, top = -1;
int op1, op2, res, s[20];
char postfix[90], symb; void push(int item) {
top = top + 1;
s[top] = item;
} int pop() {
int item;
item = s[top];
top = top - 1;
return item;
} void main() {
printf("\nEnter a valid postfix expression:\n");
scanf("%s", postfix);
for (i = 0; postfix[i] != '\0'; i++) {
symb = postfix[i];
if (isdigit(symb)) {
push(symb - '0');
} else {
op2 = pop();
op1 = pop();
switch (symb) {
case '+':
push(op1 + op2);
break;
case '-':
push(op1 - op2);
break;
case '*':
push(op1 * op2);
break;
case '/':
push(op1 / op2);
break;
case '%':
push(op1 % op2);
break;
case '$':
case '^':
push(pow(op1, op2));
break;
default:
push(0);
res = pop();
printf("\n Result = %d", res);
O/P
Enter a valid postfix expression:
623+-382/+*2$3+
Result = 52
5b)
#include <stdio.h> void tower(int n, int source, int temp, int destination) {
if (n == 0)
return;
tower(n - 1, source, destination, temp);
printf("\nMove disc %d from %c to %c", n, source, destination);
tower(n - 1, temp, source, destination);
void main() {
int n;
printf("\nEnter the number of discs: \n");
scanf("%d", & n);
tower(n, 'A', 'B', 'C');
printf("\n\nTotal Number of moves are: %d", (int) pow(2, n) - 1);
O/P
Enter the number of discs: 3 Move disc 1 from A to C
Move disc 2 from A to B
Move disc 1 from C to B
Move disc 3 from A to C
Move disc 1 from B to A
Move disc 2 from B to C
Move disc 1 from A to C Total Number of moves are: 7
6)
#include <stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<stdio_ext.h> #define MAX 3 char cq[MAX];
int front = -1, rear = -1; void insert(char);
void delete();
void display();
void main() {
int ch;
char item;
while (1) {
printf("\n\n~~Main Menu~~");
printf("\n==> 1. Insertion and Overflow Demo");
printf("\n==> 2. Deletion and Underflow Demo");
printf("\n==> 3. Display");
printf("\n==> 4. Exit");
printf("\nEnter Your Choice: ");
scanf("%d", & ch);
__fpurge(stdin);
switch (ch) {
case 1:
printf("\n\nEnter the element to be inserted: ");
scanf("%c", & item);
insert(item);
break;
case 2:
delete();
break;
case 3:
display();
break;
case 4:
exit(0);
default:
printf("\n\nPlease enter a valid choice");
} void insert(char item) {
if (front == (rear + 1) % MAX) {
printf("\n\n~~Circular Queue Overflow~~");
} else {
if (front == -1)
front = rear = 0;
else
rear = (rear + 1) % MAX;
cq[rear] = item;
} void delete() {
char item;
if (front == -1) {
printf("\n\n~~Circular Queue Underflow~~");
} else {
item = cq[front];
printf("\n\nDeleted element from the queue is: %c ", item); if (front == rear) //only one element
front = rear = -1;
else
front = (front + 1) % MAX;
} void display() {
int i;
if (front == -1) {
printf("\n\nCircular Queue Empty");
} else {
printf("\nCircular Queue contents are:\n");

printf("Front[%d]-> ", front);
for (i = front; i != rear; i = (i + 1) % MAX) {
printf(" %c", cq[i]);
printf(" %c", cq[i]);
printf(" <-[%d]Rear", rear);
O/P
~~Main Menu~~
==> 1. Insertion and Overflow Demo
==> 2. Deletion and Underflow Demo
==> 3. Display
==> 4. Exit Enter Your Choice: 1
Enter the element to be inserted: A ~~Main Menu~~
==> 3. Display
Enter the element to be inserted: B ~~Main Menu~~
==> 3. Display
Enter the element to be inserted: C ~~Main Menu~~
==> 3. Display

Enter the element to be inserted: D
~~Circular Queue Overflow~~ ~~Main Menu~~
==> 3. Display
Circular Queue contents are:
Front[0]-> A B C <-[2]Rear ~~Main Menu~~
==> 3. Display
Deleted element from the queue is: A ~~Main Menu~~
==> 3. Display
Circular Queue contents are:
Front[1]-> B C <-[2]Rear ~~Main Menu~~
==> 3. Display
7)
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> struct node {
char usn[25], name[25], branch[25];
int sem;
long int phone;
struct node * link;

};
typedef struct node * NODE; NODE start = NULL;
int count = 0; NODE create() {
NODE snode;
snode = (NODE) malloc(sizeof(struct node)); if (snode == NULL) {
printf("\nMemory is not available");
exit(1);
printf("\nEnter the usn,Name,Branch, sem,PhoneNo of the student:");
scanf("%s %s %s %d %ld", snode -> usn, snode -> name, snode -> branch, & snode -> sem, & snode -
> phone);
snode -> link = NULL;
count++;
return snode;
} NODE insertfront() {
NODE temp;
temp = create();
if (start == NULL) {
return temp;
} temp -> link = start;
return temp;
} NODE deletefront() {
NODE temp;
printf("\nLinked list is empty");
return NULL;
} if (start -> link == NULL) {
printf("\nThe Student node with usn:%s is deleted ", start -> usn);
count--;
free(start);
return NULL;
}
temp = start;
start = start -> link;
printf("\nThe Student node with usn:%s is deleted", temp -> usn);
count--;
free(temp);
return start;
} NODE insertend() {
NODE cur, temp;
temp = create(); if (start == NULL) {
return temp;
cur = start;
while (cur -> link != NULL) {
cur = cur -> link;
cur -> link = temp;
return start;
} NODE deleteend() {
NODE cur, prev;
printf("\nLinked List is empty");
return NULL;
} if (start -> link == NULL) {
printf("\nThe student node with the usn:%s is deleted", start -> usn);
free(start);
count--;
return NULL;
} prev = NULL;
cur = start;
while (cur -> link != NULL) {

prev = cur;
cur = cur -> link;
} printf("\nThe student node with the usn:%s is deleted", cur -> usn);
free(cur);
prev -> link = NULL;
count--;
return start;
} void display() {
NODE cur;
int num = 1; if (start == NULL) { printf("\nNo Contents to display in SLL \n");
return;
printf("\nThe contents of SLL: \n");
cur = start;
while (cur != NULL) {
printf("\n||%d|| USN:%s| Name:%s| Branch:%s| Sem:%d| Ph:%ld|", num, cur -> usn, cur -> name,
cur -> branch, cur -> sem, cur -> phone);
cur = cur -> link;
num++;
printf("\n No of student nodes is %d \n", count);
} void stackdemo() {
int ch;
while (1) {
printf("\n~~~Stack Demo using SLL~~~\n");
printf("\n1:Push operation \n2: Pop operation \n3: Display \n4:Exit \n");
printf("\nEnter your choice for stack demo:");
scanf("%d", & ch); switch (ch) {
case 1:
start = insertfront();
break;
case 2:
start = deletefront();
break;
case 3:
display();
break;
default:
return;
return;
} int main() {
int ch, i, n;
while (1) {
printf("\n~~~Menu~~~");
printf("\nEnter your choice for SLL operation \n");
printf("\n1:Create SLL of Student Nodes");
printf("\n2:DisplayStatus");
printf("\n3:InsertAtEnd");
printf("\n4:DeleteAtEnd");
printf("\n5:Stack Demo using SLL(Insertion and Deletion at Front)");
printf("\n6:Exit \n");
printf("\nEnter your choice:");
case 1:
printf("\nEnter the no of students: ");
scanf("%d", & n);
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
start = insertfront();
break; case 2:
display();
break; case 3:
start = insertend();
break; case 4:
start = deleteend();
break; case 5:
stackdemo();
break; case 6:
exit(0); default:
printf("\nPlease enter the valid choice"); }
O/P
~~~Menu~~~
Enter your choice for SLL operation 1:Create SLL of Student Nodes
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:Stack Demo using SLL(Insertion and Deletion at Front)
6:Exit Enter your choice:1 Enter the no of students: 3
Enter the usn,Name,Branch, sem,PhoneNo of the student:
1ME21CS017
Braham
CSE
8768586443 Enter the usn,Name,Branch, sem,PhoneNo of the student:
1ME21CS015
Bikash
CSE
8734687996 Enter the usn,Name,Branch, sem,PhoneNo of the student:

1ME21AI015
Shoaib
AI&ML
6748353877 ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
6:Exit Enter your choice:2
The contents of SLL: ||1|| USN:1ME21AI015| Name:Shoaib| Branch:AI&ML| Sem:5|

Ph:6748353877|
||2|| USN:1ME21CS015| Name:Bikash| Branch:CSE| Sem:5| Ph:8734687996|
||3|| USN:1ME21CS017| Name:Braham| Branch:CSE| Sem:5| Ph:8768586443|
No of student nodes is 3 ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
6:Exit Enter your choice:3 Enter the usn,Name,Branch, sem,PhoneNo of the student:
1ME21CS068
Rajan
CSE
3426527765 ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd

Ph:6748353877|
||4|| USN:1ME21CS068| Name:Rajan| Branch:CSE| Sem:5| Ph:3426527765|
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
The student node with the usn:1ME21CS068 is deleted ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd

Ph:6748353877|
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd

The student node with the usn:1ME21CS017 is deleted ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
~~~Stack Demo using SLL~~~ 1:Push operation
2: Pop operation
3: Display
4:Exit Enter your choice for stack demo:1 Enter the usn,Name,Branch, sem,PhoneNo of the student:
1ME21CS005
Aman
CSE
6587594335 ~~~Stack Demo using SLL~~~ 1:Push operation
2: Pop operation
3: Display
4:Exit Enter your choice for stack demo:3
The contents of SLL: ||1|| USN:1ME21CS005| Name:Aman| Branch:CSE| Sem:5| Ph:6587594335|
||2|| USN:1ME21AI015| Name:Shoaib| Branch:AI&ML| Sem:5| Ph:6748353877|
No of student nodes is 3 ~~~Stack Demo using SLL~~~ 1: Push operation
2: Pop operation
3: Display
4: Exit Enter your choice for stack demo:1 Enter the usn,Name,Branch, sem,PhoneNo of the
student:
1ME21CS092
Shubham
CSE
5
9869754354 ~~~Stack Demo using SLL~~~
1:Push operation
2: Pop operation
3: Display
The contents of SLL: ||1|| USN:1ME21CS092| Name:Shubham| Branch:CSE| Sem:5|

Ph:9869754354|
||2|| USN:1ME21CS005| Name:Aman| Branch:CSE| Sem:5| Ph:6587594335|
No of student nodes is 4 ~~~Stack Demo using SLL~~~ 1:Push operation
2: Pop operation
3: Display
The Student node with usn:1ME21CS092 is deleted ~~~Stack Demo using SLL~~~ 1:Push operation
2: Pop operation
3: Display
The contents of SLL: ||1|| USN:1ME21CS005| Name:Aman| Branch:CSE| Sem:5| Ph:6587594335|
No of student nodes is 3 ~~~Stack Demo using SLL~~~ 1: Push operation
2: Pop operation
3: Display
4: Exit Enter your choice for stack demo:4 ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd

8)
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> struct node {
char ssn[25], name[25], dept[10], designation[25];
int sal;
long int phone;
struct node * llink;
struct node * rlink;
};
typedef struct node * NODE; NODE first = NULL;
int count = 0; NODE create() {
NODE enode;
enode = (NODE) malloc(sizeof(struct node));
if (enode == NULL) {
printf("\nRunning out of memory");
exit(0);
printf("\nEnter the ssn,Name,Department,Designation,Salary,PhoneNo of the employee: \n");
scanf("%s %s %s %s %d %ld", enode -> ssn, enode -> name, enode -> dept, enode -> designation, &
enode -> sal, & enode -> phone);
enode -> llink = NULL;
enode -> rlink = NULL;
count++;
return enode;
} NODE insertfront() {
NODE temp;
temp = create();
if (first == NULL) {
return temp;
}
temp -> rlink = first;
first -> llink = temp;
return temp;
} void display() {
NODE cur;
int nodeno = 1;
cur = first;
if (cur == NULL)
printf("\nNo Contents to display in DLL");
printf("\nENode:%d||SSN:%s|Name:%s|Department:%s|Designation:%s|Salary:%d|Phone no:%ld",
nodeno, cur -> ssn, cur -> name, cur -> dept, cur -> designation, cur -> sal, cur -> phone);
cur = cur -> rlink;
nodeno++;
printf("\nNo of employee nodes is %d", count);
} NODE deletefront() {
NODE temp;
printf("\nDoubly Linked List is empty");
return NULL;
if (first -> rlink == NULL) {
printf("\nThe employee node with the ssn:%s is deleted", first -> ssn);
free(first);
count--;
return NULL;
temp = first;
first = first -> rlink;
temp -> rlink = NULL;

first -> llink = NULL;
printf("\nThe employee node with the ssn:%s is deleted", temp -> ssn);
free(temp);
count--;
return first;
} NODE insertend() {
NODE cur, temp;
temp = create(); if (first == NULL) {
return temp;
cur = first;
while (cur -> rlink != NULL) {
cur = cur -> rlink;
} cur -> rlink = temp;
temp -> llink = cur;
return first;
} NODE deleteend() {
NODE prev, cur;
printf("\nDoubly Linked List is empty");
return NULL;
} if (first -> rlink == NULL) {
printf("\nThe employee node with the ssn:%s is deleted", first -> ssn);
free(first);
count--;
return NULL;
} prev = NULL;
cur = first; while (cur -> rlink != NULL) {
prev = cur;
cur = cur -> rlink;
} cur -> llink = NULL;

printf("\nThe employee node with the ssn:%s is deleted", cur -> ssn);
free(cur);
prev -> rlink = NULL;
count--;
return first;
} void deqdemo() {
int ch;
while (1) {
printf("\nDemo Double Ended Queue Operation");
printf("\n1:InsertQueueFront\n 2: DeleteQueueFront\n 3:InsertQueueRear\n 4:DeleteQueueRear\n

5:DisplayStatus\n 6: Exit \n");
case 1:
first = insertfront();
break;
case 2:
first = deletefront();
break;
case 3:
first = insertend();
break;
case 4:
first = deleteend();
break;
case 5:
display();
break;
default:
return;
}
} void main() {
int ch, i, n;
while (1) {
printf("\n\n~~~Menu~~~");
printf("\n1:Create DLL of Employee Nodes");
printf("\n2:DisplayStatus");
printf("\n3:InsertAtEnd");
printf("\n4:DeleteAtEnd");
printf("\n5:InsertAtFront");
printf("\n6:DeleteAtFront");
printf("\n7:Double Ended Queue Demo using DLL");
printf("\n8:Exit \n");
printf("\nPlease enter your choice: ");
case 1:
printf("\nEnter the no of Employees: ");
scanf("%d", & n);
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
break; case 2:
display();
break; case 3:
break; case 4:
first = deleteend();
break; case 5:
first = insertfront();
break; case 6:
first = deletefront();
break; case 7:
deqdemo();
break; case 8:
exit(0);
default:
printf("\nPlease Enter the valid choice");
O/P
~~~Menu~~~
1:Create DLL of Employee Nodes
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:InsertAtFront
6:DeleteAtFront
7:Double Ended Queue Demo using DLL
8:Exit
Please enter your choice: 1
Enter the no of Employees: 2 Enter the ssn,Name,Department,Designation,Salary,PhoneNo of the

employee:
1EPL
Braham
Developer
Senior
13627
8476283712 Enter the ssn,Name,Department,Designation,Salary,PhoneNo of the employee:
2EPL
Aman
Trader
Manager
20000
2763578156 ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:InsertAtFront
6:DeleteAtFront
8:Exit
Please enter your choice: 2 ENode:1||SSN:1EPL|Name:Braham|Department:Developer|

Designation:Senior|Salary:13627|Phone no:8476283712
ENode:2||SSN:2EPL|Name:Aman|Department:Trader|Designation:Manager|Salary:20000|Phone
no:2763578156
No of employee nodes is 2 ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:InsertAtFront
6:DeleteAtFront
8:Exit
Please enter your choice: 3 Enter the ssn,Name,Department,Designation,Salary,PhoneNo of the

employee:
3EPL
Bikash
Meeting
Manager
30000
8237462936 ~~~Menu~~~

2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:InsertAtFront
6:DeleteAtFront
8:Exit

no:2763578156
ENode:3||SSN:3EPL|Name:Bikash|Department:Meeting|Designation:Manager|Salary:30000|Phone
no:8237462936
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:InsertAtFront
6:DeleteAtFront
8:Exit
Please enter your choice: 5 Enter the ssn,Name,Department,Designation,Salary,PhoneNo of the

employee:
4EPL
Shoaib
Digital Marketing
Manager
40000
2835826437 ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:InsertAtFront
6:DeleteAtFront
8:Exit Please enter your choice: 2 ENode:1||SSN:4EPL|Name:Shoaib|Department:Digital

Marketing|Designation:Manager|Salary:40000|Phone no:2835826437
ENode:2||SSN:1EPL|Name:Braham|Department:Developer|Designation:Senior|Salary:13627|
Phone no:8476283712
no:2763578156
ENode:4||SSN:3EPL|Name:Bikash|Department:Meeting|Designation:Manager|Salary:30000|Phone
no:8237462936
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:InsertAtFront
6:DeleteAtFront
8:Exit
Please enter your choice: 4 The employee node with the ssn:3EPL is deleted ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:InsertAtFront
6:DeleteAtFront
8:Exit
Please enter your choice: 6 The employee node with the ssn:4EPL is deleted ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:InsertAtFront
6:DeleteAtFront
8:Exit

no:2763578156
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:InsertAtFront
6:DeleteAtFront
8:Exit
Please enter your choice: 7 Demo Double Ended Queue Operation
1:InsertQueueFront
2: DeleteQueueFront
3:InsertQueueRear
4:DeleteQueueRear
5:DisplayStatus
6: Exit
Please enter your choice: 2 The employee node with the ssn:1EPL is deleted Demo Double Ended
Queue Operation
1:InsertQueueFront
2: DeleteQueueFront
3:InsertQueueRear
4:DeleteQueueRear
5:DisplayStatus
6: Exit
Please enter your choice: 4 The employee node with the ssn:2EPL is deleted Demo Double Ended
Queue Operation
1:InsertQueueFront
2: DeleteQueueFront
3:InsertQueueRear
4:DeleteQueueRear
5:DisplayStatus
6: Exit
Please enter your choice: 2 Doubly Linked List is empty Demo Double Ended Queue Operation
1:InsertQueueFront
2: DeleteQueueFront
3:InsertQueueRear
4:DeleteQueueRear
5:DisplayStatus
6: Exit
Please enter your choice: 6 ~~~Menu~~~
2:DisplayStatus
3:InsertAtEnd
4:DeleteAtEnd
5:InsertAtFront
6:DeleteAtFront
8:Exit Please enter your choice: 8
9)
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<math.h> #define COMPARE(x, y)((x == y) ? 0 : (x >
y) ? 1 : -1) struct node {
int coef;
int xexp, yexp, zexp;
struct node * link;
};
typedef struct node * NODE; NODE getnode() {
NODE x;
x = (NODE) malloc(sizeof(struct node));
if (x == NULL) {
printf("Running out of memory \n");
return NULL;
return x;
} NODE attach(int coef, int xexp, int yexp, int zexp, NODE head) {
NODE temp, cur;
temp = getnode();
temp -> coef = coef;
temp -> xexp = xexp;
temp -> yexp = yexp;
temp -> zexp = zexp;
cur = head -> link;
while (cur -> link != head) {
cur = cur -> link;
cur -> link = temp;
temp -> link = head;
return head;
} NODE read_poly(NODE head) {
int i, j, coef, xexp, yexp, zexp, n;
printf("\nEnter the no of terms in the polynomial: ");

scanf("%d", & n);
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
printf("\n\tEnter the %d term: ", i);
printf("\n\t\tCoef = ");
scanf("%d", & coef);
printf("\n\t\tEnter Pow(x) Pow(y) and Pow(z): ");
scanf("%d", & xexp);
scanf("%d", & yexp);
scanf("%d", & zexp);
head = attach(coef, xexp, yexp, zexp, head);
return head;
} void display(NODE head) {
NODE temp;
if (head -> link == head) {
printf("\nPolynomial does not exist.");
return;
temp = head -> link; while (temp != head) {
printf("%dx^%dy^%dz^%d", temp -> coef, temp -> xexp, temp -> yexp, temp -> zexp);
temp = temp -> link;
if (temp != head)
printf(" + ");
} int poly_evaluate(NODE head) {
int x, y, z, sum = 0;
NODE poly; printf("\nEnter the value of x,y and z: ");
scanf("%d %d %d", & x, & y, & z); poly = head -> link;
while (poly != head) {
sum += poly -> coef * pow(x, poly -> xexp) * pow(y, poly -> yexp) * pow(z, poly -> zexp);
poly = poly -> link;

}
return sum;
} NODE poly_sum(NODE head1, NODE head2, NODE head3) {
NODE a, b;
int coef;
a = head1 -> link;
b = head2 -> link; while (a != head1 && b != head2) {
while (1) {
if (a -> xexp == b -> xexp && a -> yexp == b -> yexp && a -> zexp == b -> zexp) {
coef = a -> coef + b -> coef;
head3 = attach(coef, a -> xexp, a -> yexp, a -> zexp, head3);
a = a -> link;
b = b -> link;
break;
} //if ends here
if (a -> xexp != 0 || b -> xexp != 0) {
switch (COMPARE(a -> xexp, b -> xexp)) {
case -1:
head3 = attach(b -> coef, b -> xexp, b -> yexp, b -> zexp, head3);
b = b -> link;
break; case 0:
if (a -> yexp > b -> yexp) {
head3 = attach(a -> coef, a -> xexp, a -> yexp, a -> zexp, head3);
a = a -> link;
break;
} else if (a -> yexp < b -> yexp) {
b = b -> link;
break;
} else if (a -> zexp > b -> zexp) {
a = a -> link;
break;
} else if (a -> zexp < b -> zexp) {
b = b -> link;
break;
case 1:
a = a -> link;
break;
} //switch ends here
break;
} //if ends here
if (a -> yexp != 0 || b -> yexp != 0) {
switch (COMPARE(a -> yexp, b -> yexp)) {
case -1:
b = b -> link;
break;
case 0:
if (a -> zexp > b -> zexp) {
a = a -> link;
break;
} else if (a -> zexp < b -> zexp) {
b = b -> link;
break;
case 1:
a = a -> link;
break;
break;
if (a -> zexp != 0 || b -> zexp != 0) {
switch (COMPARE(a -> zexp, b -> zexp)) {
case -1:
b = b -> link;
break;
case 1:
a = a -> link;
break;
break;
while (a != head1) {
a = a -> link;
while (b != head2) {
b = b -> link;
return head3;
} void main() {
NODE head, head1, head2, head3;
int res, ch;
head = getnode(); /* For polynomial evalaution */
head1 = getnode(); /* To hold POLY1 */
head2 = getnode(); /* To hold POLY2 */
head3 = getnode(); /* To hold POLYSUM */ head -> link = head;
head1 -> link = head1;
head2 -> link = head2;
head3 -> link = head3; while (1) {
printf("\n~~~Menu~~~");
printf("\n1.Represent and Evaluate a Polynomial P(x,y,z)");
printf("\n2.Find the sum of two polynomials POLY1(x,y,z)");
printf("\nEnter your choice:");
scanf("%d", & ch);
switch (ch) {
case 1:
printf("\n~~~~Polynomial evaluation P(x,y,z)~~~\n");
head = read_poly(head);
printf("\nRepresentation of Polynomial for evaluation: \n");
display(head);
res = poly_evaluate(head);
printf("\nResult of polynomial evaluation is : %d \n", res);
break; case 2:
printf("\nEnter the POLY1(x,y,z): \n");
head1 = read_poly(head1);
printf("\nPolynomial 1 is: \n");
display(head1); printf("\nEnter the POLY2(x,y,z): \n");
head2 = read_poly(head2);
printf("\nPolynomial 2 is: \n");
display(head2); printf("\nPolynomial addition result: \n");
head3 = poly_sum(head1, head2, head3);

display(head3);
break;
case 3:
exit(0);
O/P
~~~Menu~~~
1.Represent and Evaluate a Polynomial P(x,y,z)
2.Find the sum of two polynomials POLY1(x,y,z) and POLY2(x,y,z)
Enter your choice: 1 ~~~~Polynomial evaluation P(x,y,z)~~~
Enter the no of terms in the polynomial: 5
Enter the 1 term:
Coef = 6
Enter Pow(x) Pow(y) and Pow(z): 2 2 1
Enter the 2 term:
Coef = -4
Enter the 3 term:
Coef = 3
Enter the 4 term:
Coef = 2
Enter the 5 term:
Coef = -2
Representation of Polynomial for evaluation:

6x^2y^2z^1 + -4x^0y^1z^5 + 3x^3y^1z^1 + 2x^1y^5z^1 + -2x^1y^1z^3
Enter the value of x,y and z: 1 1 1
Result of polynomial evaluation is : 5 ~~~Menu~~~
Enter your choice: 2 Enter the POLY1(x,y,z):
Enter the 1 term:
Coef = 6
Enter the 2 term:
Coef = 3
Enter the 3 term:
Coef = 5
Enter the 4 term:
Coef = 10
Enter the 5 term:
Coef = 5
Polynomial 1 is:
6x^4y^4z^4 + 3x^4y^3z^1 + 5x^0y^1z^1 + 10x^0y^1z^0 + 5x^0y^0z^0 Enter the POLY2(x,y,z):
Enter the 1 term:
Coef = 8
Enter the 2 term:
Coef = 4

Enter the 3 term:
Coef = 30
Enter the 4 term:
Coef = 20
Enter the 5 term:
Coef = 3
Polynomial 2 is:
8x^4y^4z^4 + 4x^4y^2z^1 + 30x^0y^1z^0 + 20x^0y^0z^1 + 3x^0y^0z^0 Polynomial addition result:
14x^4y^4z^4 + 3x^4y^3z^1 + 4x^4y^2z^1 + 5x^0y^1z^1 + 40x^0y^1z^0 + 20x^0y^0z^1 + 8x^0y^0z^0

~~~Menu~~~
Enter your choice:3
10)
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> struct BST {
int data;
struct BST * lchild;
struct BST * rchild;
};
typedef struct BST * NODE; NODE create() {
NODE temp;
temp = (NODE) malloc(sizeof(struct BST));
printf("\nEnter The value: ");
scanf("%d", & temp -> data); temp -> lchild = NULL;
temp -> rchild = NULL;
return temp;
} void insert(NODE root, NODE newnode);
void inorder(NODE root);
void preorder(NODE root);
void postorder(NODE root);
void search(NODE root); void insert(NODE root, NODE newnode) {
/*Note: if newnode->data == root->data it will be skipped. No duplicate nodes are allowed */ if

(newnode -> data < root -> data) {
if (root -> lchild == NULL)
root -> lchild = newnode;
else
insert(root -> lchild, newnode);
if (newnode -> data > root -> data) {
if (root -> rchild == NULL)
root -> rchild = newnode;
else
insert(root -> rchild, newnode);
} void search(NODE root) {
int key;
NODE cur;
if (root == NULL) {
printf("\nBST is empty.");
return;
printf("\nEnter Element to be searched: ");
scanf("%d", & key);
cur = root;
if (cur -> data == key) {
printf("\nKey element is present in BST");

return;
if (key < cur -> data)
cur = cur -> lchild;
else
cur = cur -> rchild;
printf("\nKey element is not found in the BST");
} void inorder(NODE root) {
if (root != NULL) {
inorder(root -> lchild);
printf("%d ", root -> data);
inorder(root -> rchild);
} void preorder(NODE root) {
if (root != NULL) {
preorder(root -> lchild);
preorder(root -> rchild);
} void postorder(NODE root) {
if (root != NULL) {
postorder(root -> lchild);
postorder(root -> rchild);
} void main() {
int ch, key, val, i, n;
NODE root = NULL, newnode;
while (1) {
printf("\n~~~~BST MENU~~~~");
printf("\n1.Create a BST");
printf("\n2.Search");
printf("\n3.BST Traversals: ");
printf("\n4.Exit");
scanf("%d", & ch);
switch (ch) {
case 1:
printf("\nEnter the number of elements: ");
scanf("%d", & n);
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
newnode = create();
if (root == NULL)
root = newnode;
else
insert(root, newnode);
break;
case 2:
if (root == NULL)
printf("\nTree Is Not Created");
else {
printf("\nThe Preorder display : ");
preorder(root);
printf("\nThe Inorder display : ");
inorder(root);
printf("\nThe Postorder display : ");
postorder(root);
} break;
case 3:
search(root);
break; case 4:
exit(0);
O/P
~~~~BST MENU~~~~
1.Create a BST
2.Search
3.BST Traversals:
4.Exit
Enter your choice: 1 Enter the number of elements: 12
Enter The value: 6
Enter The value: 9
Enter The value: 5
Enter The value: 2
Enter The value: 8
Enter The value: 15
Enter The value: 24
Enter The value: 14
Enter The value: 7
Enter The value: 8
Enter The value: 5
Enter The value: 2 ~~~~BST MENU~~~~
1.Create a BST
2.Search
3.BST Traversals:
4.Exit
Enter your choice: 3 The Preorder display: 6 5 2 9 8 7 15 14

24
The Inorder display: 2 5 6 7 8 9 14 15 24
The Postorder display: 2 5 7 8 14 24 15 9 6 ~~~~BST

MENU~~~~
1.Create a BST
2.Search
3.BST Traversals:
4.Exit
Enter your choice: 2 Enter Element to be searched: 66
Key element is not found in the BST ~~~~BST MENU~~~~
1.Create a BST
2.Search
3.BST Traversals:
4.Exit
Enter your choice: 2 Enter Element to be searched: 14
Key element is present in BST ~~~~BST MENU~~~~
1.Create a BST
2.Search
3.BST Traversals:
4.Exit
Enter your choice: 4
11)
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> int a[50][50], n, visited[50];
int q[20], front = -1, rear = -1;
int s[20], top = -1, count = 0; void bfs(int v) {
int i, cur;
visited[v] = 1;
q[++rear] = v;
while (front != rear) {
cur = q[++front];
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
if ((a[cur][i] == 1) && (visited[i] == 0)) {
q[++rear] = i;
visited[i] = 1;
printf("%d ", i);
} void dfs(int v) {
int i;
visited[v] = 1;
s[++top] = v;
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
if (a[v][i] == 1 && visited[i] == 0) {
printf("%d ", i);
dfs(i);
} int main() { int ch, start, i, j;
printf("\nEnter the number of vertices in graph:");
scanf("%d", & n);
printf("\nEnter the adjacency matrix:\n");
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
for (j = 1; j <= n; j++)
scanf("%d", & a[i][j]);
} for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
visited[i] = 0;
printf("\nEnter the starting vertex: ");
scanf("%d", & start); printf("\n==>1. BFS: Print all nodes reachable from a given starting node");
printf("\n==>2. DFS: Print all nodes reachable from a given starting node");
printf("\n==>3:Exit");
scanf("%d", & ch);
switch (ch) {
case 1:
printf("\nNodes reachable from starting vertex %d are: ", start);
bfs(start);
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
if (visited[i] == 0)
printf("\nThe vertex that is not reachable is %d", i);
break; case 2:
printf("\nNodes reachable from starting vertex %d are:\n", start);
dfs(start);
break;
case 3:
exit(0);
default:
printf("\nPlease enter valid choice:");
O/P
*************************case-1************************* Enter the number of vertices in

graph:4
Enter the adjacency matrix:
0101
0010
0001
0000
Enter the starting vertex: 1

==>1. BFS: Print all nodes reachable from a given starting node
==>2. DFS: Print all nodes reachable from a given starting node
==>3:Exit
Nodes reachable from starting vertex 1 are: 2 4 3 *************************case-

2************************* Enter the number of vertices in graph:4
0101
0010
0001
0000
==>3:Exit
Nodes reachable from starting vertex 2 are: 3 4
The vertex that is not reachable is 1 *************************case-

0101
0010
0001
0000
==>3:Exit
Nodes reachable from starting vertex 1 are: 2 3 4 *************************case-


0101
0010
0001
0000
==>3:Exit
Nodes reachable from starting vertex 2 are: 3 4
12)
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> int key[20], n, m;
int * ht, index;
int count = 0; void insert(int key) {
index = key % m;
while (ht[index] != -1) {
index = (index + 1) % m;
ht[index] = key;
count++;
} void display() {
int i;
if (count == 0) {
printf("\nHash Table is empty");
return;
} printf("\nHash Table contents are:\n ");
for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
printf("\n T[%d] --> %d ", i, ht[i]);
} void main() {
int i;
printf("\nEnter the number of employee records (N) :");
scanf("%d", & n); printf("\nEnter the two digit memory locations (m) for hash table:");
scanf("%d", & m); ht = (int * ) malloc(m * sizeof(int));
for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
ht[i] = -1; printf("\nEnter the four digit key values (K) for N Employee Records:\n ");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
scanf("%d", & key[i]); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (count == m) {
printf("\n~~~Hash table is full. Cannot insert the record %d key~~~", i + 1);
break;
insert(key[i]);
} //Displaying Keys inserted into hash table
display();
O/P
Enter the number of employee records (N) :10
Enter the two digit memory locations (m) for hash table:15
Enter the four digit key values (K) for N Employee Records:
4020
4560
9908
6785
0423
7890
6547
3342
9043
6754
Hash Table contents are:
T[0] --> 4020
T[1] --> 4560
T[2] --> 7890
T[3] --> 423
T[4] --> 6754
T[5] --> 6785
T[6] --> -1
T[7] --> 6547
T[8] --> 9908
T[9] --> -1
T[10] --> -1
T[11] --> -1
T[12] --> 3342
T[13] --> 9043
T[14] --> -1

Final DSA Lab

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1)

// Structure to represent a day in the calendar

// Dynamically allocated string for the day name

// Dynamically allocated string for the activity description

// Function to create a day

void create(struct Day * day) {

// Allocate memory for the day name and activity

day -> dayName = (char * ) malloc(sizeof(char) * 20);

// Assuming day names are less than 20 characters

day -> activity = (char * ) malloc(sizeof(char) * 100);

printf("Enter the day name:");

scanf("%s", day -> dayName); printf("Enter the date:");

void read(struct Day * calendar, int size) {

for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {

printf("Enter details for Day %d:\n", i + 1);

create( & calendar[i]);

} // Function to display the calendar

void display(struct Day * calendar, int size) {

printf("\nWeek's Activity Details:\n");

printf("Day %d:\n", i + 1);

printf("Day Name: %s\n", calendar[i].dayName);

printf("Date: %d\n", calendar[i].date);

printf("Activity: %s\n", calendar[i].activity);

} // Function to free the dynamically allocated memory

void freeMemory(struct Day * calendar, int size) {

for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {

printf("Enter the number of days in the week:");

scanf("%d", & size); // Dynamically allocate memory for the calendar

printf("Memory allocation failed. Exiting program.\n");

} // Read and display the calendar

display(calendar, size); // Free the dynamically allocated memory

Enter the day name: Sunday

Enter the date: 1

Enter the day name: Monday

Enter the date: 2

Enter the day name: Tuesday

Enter the date: 3

Enter the day name: Wednesday

Enter the date: 4

Enter the day name: Thrusday

Enter the date: 5

Enter the day name: Friday

Enter the date: 6

Enter the day name: Saturday

Enter the date: 7

Day Name: Sunday

Activity: Learning Day 2:

Day Name: Monday

Activity: Coding Day 3:

Day Name: Tuesday

Day Name: Wednesday

Activity: Debugging Day 5:

Day Name: Thrusday

Activity: Publishing Day 6:

Day Name: Friday

Activity: Marketing Day 7:

Day Name: Saturday

#include<stdio.h> char str[50], pat[20], rep[20], res[50];

while (str[c] != '\0') {

Enter an element to be pushed: 12 Menu :

Enter an element to be pushed: 13 Menu :

Stack overflow Menu~~~~ :

Element popped is: 13 Menu :

Element popped is: 12 Menu :

Element popped is: 11 Menu :