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 NATIONAL CERTIFICATE

STRENGTH OF MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES N5

(8060065)

20 April 2020 (X-paper)

09:00–12:00
Calculators may be used.

This question paper consists of 6 pages and a formula sheet of 2 pages.

317Q1A2020

Copyright reserved Please turn over

(8060065) -2-

DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES N5
TIME: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Answer all the questions.

2. Read all the questions carefully.

3. Number the answers according to the numbering system used in this question
paper.

4. Start each question on a new page.

5. Write neatly and legibly.

Copyright reserved Please turn over

(8060065) -3-

QUESTION 1

A bar is made of two sections. One section is made of aluminium with a diameter of
40 mm and a length of 120 mm. The other section is made of steel with a diameter of
72 mm. A load of 40 kN is applied causing strain energy of 19 J.

Ealuminium = 180 GPa and Esteel = 207 GPa

Calculate:

1.1 The length of the steel section (4)

1.2 The total change in length (3)


1.3 The total strain in the bar (4)

1.4 The maximum stress in the bar (3)

[14]

QUESTION 2

A load of 15 kN is carried by three wires with the same length of 1,3 metres. All the
wires have the same diameter of 25 mm. The left-hand wire and the right-hand wire
are made of copper and the middle wire is made of steel.

Esteel = 210 GPa and Ecopper = 80 GPa

Calculate:

2.1 The stress in each wire (9)

2.2 The elongation of the wires (3)

2.3 The strain in each wire  (2)

2.4 The strain energy in the wires (4)

[18]

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(8060065) -4-

QUESTION 3

Study FIGURE 1 and answer the questions.

dr = 15 mm
pitch


tp = 15 mm

FIGURE 1
Shear stress = 80 MPa
Tensile stress = 100 MPa
Crushing stress = 130 MPa [Picture: Strength of Materials and Structures N5, H Wickens]

3.1 Calculate the pitch for the rivets. Take a rivet in double-shear as twice as
strong as a rivet in single-shear. (3)

3.2 Calculate the joint efficiency. (6)
[9]

QUESTION 4

FIGURE 2 shows a popped cantilever.

29 kN

18 kN/m

2m 2m 2m 1m

35 kN

FIGURE 2

4.1 Calculate the reaction in the fixed wall. (2)

4.2 Draw the shear force diagram. (4)


4.3 Draw the bending moment diagram. (4)
[10]
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(8060065) -5-

QUESTION 5

FIGURE 3 shows a built-up beam consisting of two taper flange I-sections,

152 × 89 × 17,1 and one channel 280 × 95 × 41,8. The built-up beam is welded
together and is simply supported over a span of 7 metres. The beam carries a point
load of 170 kN at mid-span as well as a UDL of 60 kN/m, including the weight of the
material, over the full length.

FIGURE 3

5.1 Calculate:

5.1.1 The position of the centroid (3)

5.1.2 The moment of inertia about the xx-axis (6)

5.1.3 The moment of inertia about the yy-axis  (3)

5.1.4 The maximum and minimum stress in the beam about the xx-axis (6)

5.2 Draw a stress distribution diagram to show the position of the neutral axis. (4)
[22]

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(8060065) -6-

QUESTION 6

The following data is given:

• A hollow shaft transmits 290 kW at 1150 r/min

• Shear stress in the shaft must not exceed 75 MPa
• The angle of twist must not exceed 1,5°
• The length of the shaft is 900 mm 
• The outer diameter is twice the inside diameter of the shaft
• Modulus of rigidity = 80 GPa

Calculate the diameters of the shaft to be used so that no limits are exceeded. [11]

QUESTION 7

7.1 Calculate the reaction in the fixed support shown in FIGURE 4.

 (3)

7.2 Graphically determine the magnitude and nature of the forces in the members
labelled (7.2.1–7.2.5) of the pin-jointed frame structure seen in FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4 (10)
[13]

QUESTION 8

Name THREE types of foundations that may be used for walls, columns, piers, etc. [3]

TOTAL: 100


Copyright reserved
(8060065) -1-

FORMULA SHEET

Any applicable equation or formula may be used.

F WL
 = M =
A 8

=
X L2
M =
L 8
FL WL
E= M =
Ax 4
 1 1  I
F  +  = t ( 2 − 1 ) Z=
 1
A E A2 
E y

 L L  M = Z
F  1 + 2  = L11t + L2 2t
 A1E A2 E  
I= (D4 − d 4 )
64
1
U = Fx
2 
I = D4
64
F 2L
U =
2 AE bd 3
I xx =
12
− b  b2 − 4ac
x=  2 EI
2a F= 2
2
F L Le
mg (h +  ) =
2 AE A
F= 2
T  G L 
= = 1 + a e 
J r L  k 

 (D4 − d 4 ) 4 2 EI
J= F=
32 L2
 (D4 − d 4 ) A
T=  F= 2
16 D a L
1+  
 4 k 
T = D 3
16
I
k=
10,2 TL A
=
GD 4 Le L
S .v = ; S.R= e
10,2 TL
= k k
G( D 4 − d 4 )
Hinged ends Le = L
P = 2NT L
Fixed ends Le =
2
M  E
= =
I Y R

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(8060065) -2-

L
One end fixed, one end hinged Le =
2

One end fixed, one end free Le = 2 L

PD
 =
2 . t

PD
 =
4 t

( p − d ) t t
=  100
pt t

d 2
n
= 4  100
pt t
ndt c
=  100
pt t

d 2
t ( p − d) t = nt
4
( p − d ) t t = dtn c

Copyright reserved