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    3 Management

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    Management is the art of gathering people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. There are three levels of management: top-level, middle-level, and lower-level. The functions of management include planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and coordinating.

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    3 Management

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    zell.aymen
    14 views2 pages
    Management is the art of gathering people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. There are three levels of management: top-level, middle-level, and lower-level. The functions of management include planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and coordinating.

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    Management is the art of gathering people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. There are three levels of management: top-level, middle-level, and lower-level. The functions of management include planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and coordinating.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views2 pages

    3 Management

    Uploaded by

    zell.aymen
    Management is the art of gathering people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. There are three levels of management: top-level, middle-level, and lower-level. The functions of management include planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and coordinating.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    1st year English 3rd lesson

    Management
    Management is the art of gathering people together to accomplish
    desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and
    effectively. Since organizations can be viewed as systems, management
    can also be defined as human action, including design, to facilitate the
    production of useful outcomes from a system. This view opens the
    opportunity to manage oneself, a pre-requisite to attempting to manage
    others, there are several different resource types within management.
    Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of:
    • Human resources, Financial resources, Technological
    resources, Natural resources

    Management acts as a guide to a group of people working in the


    organization and coordinating their efforts, towards the achievement of the
    common objective; In other words, it is concerned with optimally using
    5M’s, i.e. men, machine, material, money and methods and, this is
    possible only when their proper direction, coordination and integration of
    the processes and activities, to achieve the desired results; Good
    managers are needed to keep their organizations on track by ensuring
    that everything that’s being done is ethically geared toward providing what
    customers want ; Good management is needed to inject motivation,
    creativity, discipline, and enthusiasm into areas in which they either don’t
    exist or they’re not necessarily wanted.

    -There are three management levels form the management


    hierarchy, come as follows:

    1. Top-Level Management: is the highest level in the organizational


    hierarchy, which includes Board of Directors and Chief Executives.
    They are responsible for defining the objectives, formulating plans,
    strategies and policies.
    2. Middle-Level Management: is the second level in the organizational
    hierarchy, as it creates a link between the top and lower-level
    management, it includes departmental and division heads and
    managers who are responsible for implementing and controlling plans
    and strategies which are formulated by the top executives.

    3. Lower Level Management: also called functional or operational level


    management. It includes first-line managers, foreman, supervisors. As
    lower-level management directly interacts with the workers, it plays a
    crucial role in the organization because it helps in reducing wastage and
    idle time of the workers, improving the quality and quantity of output.
    The various functions of management are classified as:

    1-Planning: is the first and foremost function of management, i.e. to


    decide beforehand what is to be done in future. It encompasses
    formulating policies, establishing targets, scheduling actions and so forth.

    2-Organizing: Once the plans are formulated, the next step is to organise
    the activities and resources, as in identifying the tasks, classifying them,
    assigning duties to subordinates and allocating the resources.

    3-Leading: is the task of the manager to guide, supervise, lead and


    motivate the subordinates, to ensure that they work in the right direction,
    so far as the objectives of the organization are concerned.

    4-Controlling: The controlling function of management involves a number


    of steps to be taken to make sure that the performance of the employees
    is as per the plans. It involves establishing performance standards and
    comparing them with the actual performance. In case of any variations,
    necessary steps are to be taken for its correction.

    5 -Coordination: is an important feature of management which means the


    integration of the activities, processes and operations of the organization,
    to ensure that every element of the organization contributes to its success.

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