Unit 1 – Nature of

Teaching and
Teacher Roles
What is Teaching?
❖ a process of
interacting
❖ The process of engaging students in activities
that will enable them to acquire the knowledge,
skills, as well as wothwhile values and attitudes.
Teaching as a profession
In the words “professional manner,” “gawang
propesyunal,” “professional fee for expert services
rendered” the word “professional” implies one who
possesses skill and competence / expertise.

“Highly professional” “unprofessional... to act that

way” imply a code of ethics by which a professional
person abide.
In short, a professional is
one who conforms to the
technical or ethical
standards of a profession.
So, two elements of a
profession are competence
and a Code of Ethics.
Other elements of a profession are:
1. Initial Professional Education
- Professionals generally begin
their professional lives by
completing a university program
in their chosen fields - teacher
education, engineering, nursing,
accountancy.
2. Accreditation
- University programs are
approved by a regulatory
body like Commission on
Higher Education (CHED) in
the Philippines to ensure that
graduates from these
recognized programs start
their professional lives with
competence.
3. Licensing
- Licensing is mandatory, not
voluntary and is administered by
a government authority.
- Professional Regulation
Commission (PRC)
4. Professional Development
This is an ongoing professional
education that maintains or improves
professionals' knowledge and skills
after they begin professional practice.
Continuing Professional
Development mandated by
RA 10912, otherwse known as the CPD
Act of 2016
5. Professional Societies
Professionals see themselves as
part of a community of like-minded
individuals who put their
professional standards above the
individual self-interest or their
employer's self-interest.
6. Code of Ethics
Each profession has a code of
ethics to ensure that its practitioners
behave responsibly.The code states
what professionals should do.
Professionals can be ejected
from their professional societies
or lose their licenses to practice
for violating the code of ethics.
In other words...

•The term professional is one of the most

exalted in the English Language,
denoting as it does, long and arduous
years of preparation, a striving for
excellence, a dedication to the public
interest, and commitment to moral and
ethical values.
Teaching as your profession
If you take teaching as your profession…

• You must be willing to go through a period of

preparation and a continuing professional
development.
• You must strive for excellence, commit
yourself to moral, and ethical and religious
values and dedicate yourself to public
service.
 Summary
Teaching is a profession. It requires:
1. long years of initial professional education
2. the attainment of a college/university degree recognized by a
regulatory body, CHED
3. a licensure examination called the Licensure Examination for
Teachers (LET)
4. Continuing Professional Development and
5. adhere to the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers
Various Roles of a
Teacher
1. As a Person:

Teachers serve as individuals with their

own values, beliefs, and personalities.
Their personal qualities influence their
interactions with students and shape
the classroom environment.
1. As a Person:

Teachers serve as individuals with their

own values, beliefs, and personalities.
Their personal qualities influence their
interactions with students and shape
the classroom environment.
2. As a Professional

Teachers are professionals who bring expertise

and specialized knowledge to the classroom.
They are responsible for planning and
delivering effective lessons, assessing student
progress, and adapting their teaching
strategies to meet the diverse needs of
students.
2. As a Professional

Teachers are professionals who bring expertise

and specialized knowledge to the classroom.
They are responsible for planning and
delivering effective lessons, assessing student
progress, and adapting their teaching
strategies to meet the diverse needs of
students.
3. As a Community Leader and Social
Advocate
Teachers play a crucial role in the broader
community as they contribute to the education and
development of future citizens. They help students
understand their roles as responsible members of
society by imparting values, civic knowledge, and
social skills.
3. As a Community Leader and Social
Advocate
Teachers play a crucial role in the broader
community as they contribute to the education and
development of future citizens. They help students
understand their roles as responsible members of
society by imparting values, civic knowledge, and
social skills.
4. As a Model of Character
Teachers serve as role models for students. They
demonstrate integrity, respect, and ethical
behavior, serving as examples of positive character
traits.
4. As a Model of Character
Teachers serve as role models for students. They
demonstrate integrity, respect, and ethical
behavior, serving as examples of positive character
traits.
5. As an Expert
Teachers are subject matter experts who guide
students in their academic journey. They possess
in-depth knowledge of their subjects and use their
expertise to explain concepts, provide guidance,
and inspire curiosity.
5. As an Expert
Teachers are subject matter experts who guide
students in their academic journey. They possess
in-depth knowledge of their subjects and use their
expertise to explain concepts, provide guidance,
and inspire curiosity.
Combining Roles

•A teacher's expertise (professional role) allows them to

design engaging lessons that reflect their personal values
and connect with students' interests (personal role).

•Teachers can use their position as community leaders

(community role) to advocate for inclusive and equitable
education (social advocate role).

•A teacher's ethical behavior and strong character

(character model role) contribute to their credibility as
professionals and experts (professional and expert roles).
Combining Roles

The roles of a teacher often intertwine and complement

each other. For instance:

•A teacher's expertise (professional role) allows them to

design engaging lessons that reflect their personal values
and connect with students' interests (personal role).

•Teachers can use their position as community leaders

(community role) to advocate for inclusive and equitable
education (social advocate role).

•A teacher's ethical behavior and strong character

(character model role) contribute to their credibility as
professionals and experts (professional and expert roles).
CHALLENGES
IN TEACHING
1. Multicultural Classrooms
Challenge: In multicultural classrooms,
teachers encounter diverse cultures,
languages, backgrounds, and learning
styles among students. This diversity can
lead to miscommunication,
misunderstandings, and potential conflicts.

Solution: Teachers need to develop cultural

sensitivity, promote respect for diversity,
and create an inclusive classroom
environment that values every student's
contributions. Incorporating diverse
perspectives into the curriculum and using
culturally relevant teaching strategies can
enhance learning outcomes.
2. Learner-Centered Teaching
Challenge: Shifting from traditional teacher-
centered instruction to learner-centered
teaching requires significant adjustments in
instructional methods, classroom dynamics,
and assessment strategies.

Solution: Teachers can empower students by

involving them in setting goals, making
decisions, and engaging in active learning.
Providing choices, fostering critical thinking,
and incorporating collaborative projects can
help students take ownership of their
learning.
3. Multi-Grade Classes
Challenge: Teaching in multi-grade classes,
where students of different ages and abilities
share the same classroom, poses challenges in
managing curriculum differentiation and
individualized instruction.

Solution: Teachers can use flexible grouping,

differentiated instruction, and personalized
learning plans to accommodate diverse
learning levels. Creating a supportive peer-
assisted learning environment can also benefit
students across grade levels.
4. ICT Integration
Challenge: Integrating technology into teaching
requires teachers to adapt to rapidly changing tools
and methods while ensuring that technology
enhances learning rather than becoming a distraction.

Solution: Professional development and training are

essential for teachers to effectively use educational
technology. Teachers should select technology tools
that align with learning goals and encourage digital
literacy among students.
5. Brain-Based Education
Challenge: Implementing brain-based education
approaches, which align teaching methods with
cognitive research, can be challenging due to the
need for evidence-based strategies.

Solution: Teachers should stay informed about current

research in educational neuroscience and apply
evidence-based techniques that enhance learning.
Strategies such as active learning, multisensory
instruction, and incorporating movement can support
brain-based learning.
6. Multiple Intelligences
Challenge: Addressing multiple intelligences (varied
ways in which individuals learn) can be challenging
when traditional education often emphasizes linguistic
and logical-mathematical intelligence.

Solution: Teachers should recognize and

accommodate different intelligences by offering
diverse learning activities, such as visual arts for spatial
intelligence or collaborative projects for interpersonal
intelligence. This helps students engage and excel in
areas that align with their strengths.
7. Children with Special Needs
Challenge: Educating children with special needs
requires individualized support, tailored
accommodations, and inclusive strategies to
address diverse learning profiles.

Solution: Teachers should undergo training in

special education, collaborate with support staff,
and develop Individualized Education Plans (IEPs)
that meet the unique needs of each student.
Inclusion strategies, assistive technology, and
differentiated instruction can promote a
supportive learning environment for all students.
Teaching as a
Vocation and
Mission
Teaching: Mission and /or Job?

If you are doing it only because you are paid for it,
it's a job;
If you are doing it not only for the pay but also for
service, it's a mission.

If you quit because your boss or colleague criticized

you, it's a job;
If you keep on teaching out of love, it's a mission.
If you teach because it does not interfere with your other
activities, it's a job;
If you are committed to teaching even if it means letting
go of other activities, it's a mission.

If you quit because no one praises or thanks you for what

you do, it's a job;
If you remain teaching even though nobody recognizes
your efforts, it's a mission.

It's hard to get excited about a teaching job;

It's almost impossible not to get excited about a mission.
If our concern is success, it's a job;
If our concern in teaching is success plus faithfulness in
our job, teaching is a mission.

An average school is filled by teachers doing their

teaching job;
A great school is filled with teachers involved in a
mission of teaching.

Adopted from Ministry or Job by

Anna Sandberg
Etymology of the word
“Vocation”
• Comes from the Latin word “vocare” which means to
call.
• if there is a call, there must be a caller and someone
who is called.
• Christians – the caller is God Himself
• Muslims – the caller is Allah
Teaching as your vocation

• It was God who called you here for you to teach, just
as God called Abraham, Moses, and Mary, of the
bible.
• These biblical figures did not also
understand the events surrounding
their call. But in their great faith, they
answered YES.
Mary said: “Behold the handmaid of the Lord. Be it
done to me according to your word.”
• If teaching is your vocation then it means:
1. You said YES to your call to teach!
2. You commit yourself in the total transformation of the
learner
3. You consider teaching as a lifetime commitment thus,
aim through the years towards quality teaching.
Etymology of the word “mission”

• Comes from the Latin word “misio” which means “to

send”.
• The Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary defines mission
as “task assigned”.
• You are called to be a teacher and you are sent into the
world to accomplish a mission.
Teaching as your mission

❑ means the task entrusted to you

❑“once a teacher, forever a student”
❑You are expected to contribute to the betterment
of this world in your own unique way.
❑To teach is to influence every child entrusted in your
care to become better and happier.
❑To teach is to help the child become more human
The “pwede na” mentality vs.
excellence

• If we stick to this complacent mentality, excellence

eludes us.
• In this world, only the best and the brightest make it.
• We have no choice but to take the endless and “less
traveled road” to excellence.
Teaching and a life of meaning
“Teaching may not be a lucrative position. It cannot
guarantee financial security. It even means investing
your personal time, energy, and resources. Sometimes
it means disappointments, heartaches, and pains. But
touching the hearts of people and opening the minds
of children can give you joy and contentment which
money could not buy. These are the moments I teach
for. These are the moments I live for.”

--Dr Josette T. Biyo

Thank
you!
 Assignment
Interview LET passers now in teaching who did not go through
the 4-year teacher education course. They are graduates of
other four-year courses but not teacher education.
Ask them the following questions:
1.What difficulties are they experiencing in teaching?
2. Do they agree that a four-year teacher education course is
better preparation for teaching profession?