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 Chinese Violet
(Asystasia Gangetica)

Description: is a low-growing perennial plant with attractive purple or white flower.

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Vascular plant

Origin: Asia and Africa

 Diplopoda
(Millipede)

Description: Millipedes are arthropods belonging to the class Diplopoda, characterized

by their long, segmented bodies and numerous legs. They are often mistaken for
centipedes, but unlike centipedes, millipedes have two pairs of legs per body segment
and move more slowly.

Anatomy: Millipedes typically have cylindrical bodies divided into segments, with each
segment bearing two pairs of legs. They range in size from a few millimeters to over 30
centimeters in length, depending on the species. Many species of millipedes are dark-
colored, ranging from brown to black, and some may have patterns or markings on their
exoskeletons.

Origin: Millipedes are found worldwide, inhabiting various terrestrial habitats such as
forests, grasslands, and deserts. They are particularly abundant in moist environments,
where they feed on decaying plant matter and help to break down organic material.

Other Information: Millipedes play an important role in ecosystems as decomposers,

helping to recycle nutrients by feeding on dead and decaying organic matter. While
most millipedes are harmless and primarily scavengers, some species can produce
defensive secretions containing irritants or toxins that may cause skin irritation or
allergic reactions in humans. These secretions serve as a defense mechanism against
predators. Additionally, millipedes are often preyed upon by birds, reptiles, amphibians,
and certain insects.
 Omocestus Viridulus
(Common Green Grasshopper)

Description: Omocestus viridulus (Common Green Grasshopper) is a species of

Orthoptera in the family short-horned grasshoppers. Development of insects with
incomplete metamorphosis, resulting in a gradual change in body form with each molt,
without a pupal stage.

Anatomy: The thorax, locomotion center of the grasshopper, is a stout, boxlike

structure consisting of three fused segments: the prothorax, mesothorax, and
metathorax. Each segment bears a pair of legs. The second segment bears a pair of
forewings, the tegmina, and the third segment a pair of membranous hindwings.

Origin: We also inferred that the common ancestor of modern grasshoppers originated
in South America, contrary to a popular belief that they originated in Africa, based on a
biogeographical analysis.

Other Information: The Common green grasshopper is mostly green, but sometimes
has brownish sides. Most grasshoppers are best identified by their songs: the Common
green grasshopper's characteristic long, loud song lasts 20 seconds or more, and
sounds like the ticking of a free-wheeling bicycle.
 Heliotropium Indicum
(Trompang Elepante)

Description: The tall, thick, fetid, annual or perennial herb Heliotropium indicum, also
known as Trompang elepante, grows to a height of 20 to 60 cm and has hirsute
ascending branches. a branching, annual plant that grows to a height of approximately
15–50 cm (5.9–19.7 in).
Anatomy: Heliotropium indicum is a small annual or perennial herb with a height of
about 15–50 cm in length, with the leaves always opposite, and the stem and root
covered by a hairy layer. Flowering time is around the whole year, and flowers are calyx
green; the fruits are dried and consist of 2–4 free or almost free nutlets in 4–5 mm long.

Origin: Heliotropium indicum, commonly known as Indian heliotrope, Indian turnsole is

an annual, hirsute plant that is a common weed in waste places and settled areas. It is
native to Asia. It is widely used in native medicine in Tamil Nadu, India.

Other Information: locally known as “Hatisur” is derived from the Greek words “helios”
meaning “sun” and “tropein” meaning “to turn,” indicating that the flowers and leaves
turn toward the sun and known as the “Indian turnsole”.
 Wood White Butterfly
(Leptidea Sinapsis)

Description: The butterfly species Leptidea sinapsis is widely recognized as the Wood
White. It is a member of the Pieridae family and can be found in a variety of habitats in
Europe and some regions of Asia.

Anatomy: Like other butterflies, Leptidea sinapsis has a body divided into head, thorax,
and abdomen, with two pairs of wings covered in scales, antennae for sensing, a long
proboscis for feeding, six legs for walking, and compound eye for vision.

Origin: Leptidea sinapsis is native to various habitats across Europe and parts of Asia.
It’s commonly found in grasslands, meadows, woodland, edges, and other open areas
where its host plants grow.

Other Information: The Leptidea sinapsis is recognized for its delicate appearance and
gentle flight. It lays eggs on plants like clovers and vetches, and its caterpillars feed on
these plants before transforming into adult butterflies. Conservation efforts are
underway due to declines in some populations caused by habitat loss and
fragmentation.
 Reed Canary Grass
(Phalaris Arundinacea)

Description: Phalaris arundinacea, often known as reed canary grass, is a perennial

grass species native to Europe. It is frequently observed around waterways, in
wetlands, and in marshes. It can be invasive in some ecosystems, although it is also
employed as a fodder and erosion control measure.

Anatomy: Phalaris arundinacea has roots anchoring and absorbing nutrients, hollow
stems that supports long, narrow leaves, and small flowers arranged inn clusters at the
top of the stem.

Origin: Phalaris arundinacea is native to Europe, Asia, and North America. It’s
commonly found in wetlands, marshes, and along waterways in these regions.

Other Information: Phalaris arundinacea is frequently employed for erosion control

because its dense growth pattern and strong root system, making it effective in
stabilizing soil and mitigating erosion along water bodies and vulnerable areas.
 Singapore Daisy or Creeping-oxeye
(Sphagneticola Trilobata)

Description: Sphagneticola trilobata, also known as Singapore daisy or creeping-

oxeye, is a low-growing perennial plant with bright yellow flowers. It is native to Mexico
but has become invasive in many tropical and subtropical regions. It is often used as
ground cover due to its ability to spread quickly thrive in various condition.

Anatomy: Sphagneticola trilobata, is a low-growing perennial plant with succulent

stems and small, oval-shaped leaves. It produces bright yellow florets, like daisy-like
flowers with a central disk of smaller yellow florets. The plant has a shallow root system,
making it easy to propagate and spread quickly in various conditions.

Origin: Sphagneticola trilobata, is native to the Americas and is commonly found in

tropical and subtropical regions. It has introduced to other parts of the world where it
has become invasive, spreading quickly and outcompeting native plant species.

Other Information: Sphagneticola trilobata us a low-growing perennial plant with small,

daisy-like yellow flowers. It is often used as ground cover. The leaves are green,
succulent, and slightly lobed, giving the plant a unique appearance.
 Cow
(Bos Taurus)

Description: Bos taurus or commonly known as cows are domesticated animals that
are commonly raised for their milk, meat, and leather. They are herbivores with a four-
chambered stomach that allows them efficiently digest plant-based food. Cows are
social animals that form strong bonds with their herd members.

Anatomy: Cows have complex digestive system with four stomach compartments: the
rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum. They have a large body with four legs,
hooves, and a tail. Cows have horns, though some breeds are naturally polled
(hornless).

Origin: Cows were domesticated around 10,000 years ago in the Near East region.
They are descended from wild aurochs, which were large, aggressive animals that were
hunted by early humans for their meat and hides. Over time, selective breeding led to
the development of the domestic cow as we know it today.

Other Information: Cows communicate through various vocalization and body

language. They play an important role in agriculture by providing milk, meat, and other
products. Cows also have a strong maternal instinct and care for their calves for several
months after birth.
 Cleome Serrata
(Rocky Mountain Beeplant/Stinking Clover)

Description: Cleome serrata (also called saw-toothed cleome, among many other
common names) is an annual plant native to the Americas. It has long, thin stems and
small, white flowers. It is found in open fields, roadsides, and disturbed areas.

Anatomy: The stem is unbranched or slightly branched, and the flowers’ petals white or
whitish, with pinkish or red distally.

Origin: America

Other Information: It is an annual and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical
biome.
 Anystidae
(Predatory Mites/Windscorpions)

Description: Anystidae is a family of mites named after the genus Anystis. The family
comprises "generalist predators found on a variety of habitats" and is distributed around
the globe.

Anatomy: Anystis are long, larger than most mite species. Adults are orange or red.
The legs are covered with numerous, fine, short hairs. The distinct mouthparts project
forward from the head. Adults' overall shape is broadly rounded at the rear and narrower
in front.

Origin: Uncertain origin

Other Information: The Anystidae are a family of over 100 species of predatory mites
commonly seen in soils and on plants worldwide. A few species of genus Anystis have
potential as biocontrol agents against some insect and mite pests.
 Coccinia Grandis
(Ivy Gourd/Scarlet Gourd/Tindora/Kowai Fruit)

Description: Fast-growing vine with ivy-shaped leaves, white flowers, and 1-3-inch-
long red fruits.

Anatomy: The leaves have 5 lobes and are 6.5–8.5 cm long and 7–8 cm wide. Female
and male flowers emerge at the axils on the petiole, and have 3 stamens.

Origin: Africa and South East Asia

Other Information: Coccinia grandis, also known as parval/kundru, is a perennial

herbaceous vine of family Cucurbitaceae. Its fruit is widely used as a vegetable in
different parts of the world.
 Chilopoda
(Centipede)

Description: Centipedes are nocturnal multisegmented elongated arthropods known for

the distinct feature of having a pair of legs for each body segment except for the last.

Anatomy: Centipedes have a segmented body with each segment bearing a pair of
legs. The first segment has venomous claws used for hunting.

Origin: Centipedes extends back to 430 million years ago, during the Late Silurian

Other Information: There are different species of centipedes, with sizes ranging from a
few millimeters to over a foot. Each species has its own adaptations based on its habitat
and lifestyle.
 Ricinus Communis
(Castor Oil Plant)

Description: Castor Plant belongs to the family of Euphorbiaceous. It can be put to

many different uses. It is the sole source of hydroxylated fatty acid that is offered to
commerce.

Anatomy: It is a plant that produces castor oil, or castor beans. It bears spiky seed
capsules and big, palmately lobed leaves

Origin: The species originated in Africa and is currently cultivated in many tropical and
subtropical regions around the world

Other Information: This species can be self- and cross-pollinated, containing a large
amount of pollen biomass per flow. It is toxic when inhaled, ingested or injected
 Malacosoma Americanum
(Eastern Tent Caterpillar)

Description: The Eastern tent caterpillar is a black and white moth caterpillar found in
North America. It builds silk tents in tree branches.

Anatomy: It has a hairy body, six legs, and five pairs of prolegs. It can reach up to 2
inches in length.

Origin: Originating in eastern and central North America, from Canada to Mexico.

Other Information: These caterpillars eat cherry, apple, and other fruit trees, often
causing damage. They are pests but also a food source for birds.
 Pinellia Pedatisecta
(Chinese Green Dragon/Green Dragon Plant)

Description: Also known as Chinese Green Dragon, it's a perennial plant with green
flowers and deeply lobed leaves.

Anatomy: Its leaves are deeply divided, resembling outstretched fingers of a hand. The
green flowers grow on a spadix surrounded by a green spathe.

Origin: Native to eastern Asia, particularly China and Japan, found in moist, shady
areas.

Other Information: Used in traditional Chinese medicine for coughs and nausea, but
some parts can be toxic if eaten raw. Proper preparation is necessary.
 Oncopeltus fasciatus
(Milkweed bug)

Description: Milkweed bugs, Oncopeltus fasciatus, are reddish orange insects with a
conspicuous black band across the middle and two large diamond-shaped black
patches fore and aft.

Anatomy: Milkweed bugs are easily recognized as insects. They have the same
structures as just about all other insects: six legs, three body parts (head, thorax, and
abdomen), and two antennae. because they do not have mouths for biting and chewing
food-they have a tubelike beak for sucking fluids.
.
Origin: Milkweed bugs are native species in North America. They are found in
temperate fields and meadows containing milkweed or dogbane. They have few
predators because their food source, milkweed, produces a taste that is unpleasant to
predators.

Other Information: It has a long proboscis and is a piercing sucking insect. It feeds on
the seeds, leaves and stems of milkweed (Asclepias). It is found in small groups on
milkweed often on the stems, leaves and on the seed pods. The bodies of milkweed
bugs contain toxic compounds derived from the sap which they suck from milkweed.
 Chromolaena Odorata
(Siam Weed/Devil Weed)

Description: Chromolaena odorata is a rapidly growing perennial herb. It is a multi-

stemmed shrub which grows up to 2.5 m tall in open areas. It has soft stems but the
base of the shrub is woody. In shady areas it becomes etiolated and behaves as a
creeper, growing on other vegetation.

Anatomy: The leaves are opposite, triangular to elliptical with serrated edges. Leaves
are 4–10 cm long by 1–5 cm wide (up to 4 x 2 inches). Leaf petioles are 1–4 cm long.
The white to pale pink tubular flowers are in panicles of 10 to 35 flowers that form at the
ends of branches.

Origin: Chromolaena odorata is a tropical and subtropical species of flowering shrub in

the family Asteraceae. It is native to the Americas, from Florida and Texas in the United
States south through Mexico and the Caribbean to South America. It has been
introduced to tropical Asia, West Africa, and parts of Australia.

Other Information: Chromolaena odorata is a fast-growing perennial shrub, native to

South America and Central America. It has been introduced into the tropical regions of
Asia, Africa and the Pacific, where it is an invasive weed. Also known as Siam weed, it
forms dense stands that prevent the establishment of other plant species.
 Clitellata/Lumbricina
(Earthworm)

Description: An earthworm is a soil-dwelling terrestrial invertebrate that belongs to the

phylum Annelida.

Anatomy: Externally, a thin non-cellular cuticle covers the body wall of the earthworm.

Origin: Earthworm was first evolved over 500 million years ago.

Other Information: Scientific name: Lumbricina

 Solanum Nigrum
(Black Nightshade/Makoy)

Description: A plant that belongs to the eggplant tribe whose fruit is known as a
vegetable and is also used as a medicinal ingredient.

Anatomy: humble and an extremely hospitable people

Origin: Intibucá, La Paz, and Lempiras

Other Information: Also known as a medicinal ingredient

 Hübner's Wasp Moth/Amata Huebneri
(Wasp Moth)

Description: In 1829, Jean Baptiste Boisduval published the first description of the
species. It can be found in northern Australia and the tropical regions of Indo-Australia.
Adults have clear windows in their wings and a black body with yellow bands running
across it.

Anatomy: Adults are black with yellow bands across the abdomen, and transparent
windows in the wings.

Origin: Northern Australia.

Other Information: Hübner's wasp moth, scientifically known as Amata huebneri, is a

species of moth in the family Erebidae. It is commonly referred to as the wasp moth due
to its resemblance to bees, which provides protection from predators.
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