Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek
WORLD HISTORY 1
Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Social Studies
Timetable
• Location: Crete
• “Minoan” civilization was named after King Minos.
• Built magnificent palaces that housed by royal families, priest, and government officials.
• Minoans are seafaring traders, exporting wine, honey, and olive oil to its neighboring places.
• Reason(s) of Decline:
1. Eruption of Mount Thera
2. Greeks from the Mainland invaded the Crete (1450 BCE)
• Result of its Downfall: Mycenaeans occupied and rule the Crete.
• Location: Originated in Mainland Greece and soon they occupied Crete as well
• Their civilization is usually called after the Palace at Mycenae.
• The Mycenaeans borrowed much from the Minoan Civilization.
• Rival Mycenaean kingdoms were often at war with another and it caused the decline of the civilization
around 1100 BCE
• Age where archeological records reveal the general poverty and loss of culture throughout the history
• The Dorians took over the Greece
• Decline of populations, literacy, and overall cultural activity.
Hellenic Civilization
• Most Greeks were farmers however because of having coastline harbors, Greeks became fishermen and
traders during this period.
• Greeks adopted the following:
1. Phoenician Alphabet
2. Lydian practice of Coins
3. Geometry
Develops of City-States
City-State – a political system of an independent city having a sovereignty over contiguous territory and serving
as center and leader political, economic, and cultural life.
• Sparti- Sparta
• Athina- Athens
• Korinthos- Corinth
• Thiva- Thebes
• Siracusa- Syracuse
• Egina- Aegina
• Rodos- Rhodes
• Argos
• Eretria
SPARTA
• Sparta is came from their fertile land valley surrounded by lots and lots of mountains. In Dorik Greek
Sparta and in Ionic Greek Sparti which mean Crop.
• But in another explanation the name Sparta is came from late wife of King Lacedeamon (King of
Laconia)
• Located in Southern Greece (Specifically in Laconia, Greece near Eurotas River.
• Largest polis in Ancient Greece covered about 3,200 sq. miles.
• Dorian was settled in Sparta
• Occupied the southern peninsula of Greece Pelopennesus.
• The population of Sparta 5,000 male citizen recorded. The whole population of Sparta is around 35,000
to 50,000 citizens with Helots and Perioikoi.
• Sparta aim to produce strong and bodied and fearless people both man and woman.
• Sparta’s Government: Oligarchy
• Famous notable ruler: King Leonidas
ATHENS
• Cradle of Democracy
Demos- people Kratos – Power
Power of the People
• Father of Democracy: Cleisthenes
• Pisistratus promotes cultural life.
• Solon makes political reforms. He canceled the debts of the poor, freed those who had been enslaved for
debt, and made slavery for debt illegal. He repealed many Draco’s law
• In 359 BC, Philip became king of Macedonia. Philip built a strong army and won the support of some
city-states that opposed Athens.
• In 338 BC, King Philip’s forces crushed the Greek alliance. Greek city-states lost its independence.
• Alexander of Macedonia establishes an empire. One of the greatest military leaders in history.
• Alexander crossed the Hellespont and freed the Greek colonies in Asia Minor.
• Conquered the lands: Phoenicia, Egypt, India, Mesopotamia
Diadochoi
Ptolemy got Egypt
Seleucus got Mesopotamia and all of the East
Antigonus ruled Asia Minor
Lysimachus and Antipater took Thrace and Mainland Greece
2. The successors (Diadochoi) made wrong decisions on the latter part which resulted what Philip and
Alexander’s effort put to an end.
Result:
The Roman empire took over Greece