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3 Methods in Finding The Quartiles

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228 views

3 Methods in Finding The Quartiles

Uploaded by

leihanlagana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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3 METHODS IN

FINDING THE
QUARTILES
MATH RESEARCH
TEACHER: MAAM AISAH ATI
SUBMITTED BY: LEI JEHANN P. LAGAÑA
Introduction
What are Quartiles?

Quartiles are three values that split your dataset into quarters.

These values are the following:

 Q1 First quartile: 25% of the data are below this value.


 Q2: Second quartile / Median: This value splits the data in half.
 Q3 Third quartile: 25% of the data are above this value.

Quartiles are surprisingly useful in a variety of contexts. They can help you understand your
dataset’s central tendency and variability and even help you find outliers. An outlier is an
unusually large or small observation. Outliers can have a disproportionate effect on statistical results,
such as the mean, which can result in misleading interpretations. (statisticsbyjim.com)

How to find Quartiles?

To find quartiles, there are 3 methods that you can do to solve quartiles.

These methods are the following:

 Moore and McCabe Method


 Turkey/Tukey Method
 Mendenhall and Sincich Method

Let us learn about the three methods' definitions, profiles/history, contributions, and importance.
Let's start with Moore and McCabe, then Turkey/Tukey, and finally Mendenhall and Sincich.

Moore and McCabe Method


What is Moore and McCabe Method?
Moore and McCabe Method is a method that exclude the sample median in the computation of
quartile value whether n (refer to number of values) is
odd or even.

To apply this method, the following steps are employed:

1. First, arranged the data in ascending order.


2. Second, locate the Middlemost or centermost or the Median (Q2) value of the data set. And
if, we exclude the middle quartile, it divides the set into two equal groups: a lower half and an
upper half.
3. Third, find the Lower Quartile (Q1). It is the middle value of the lower half.
4. Fourth, find the Upper Quartile (Q3). It is the middle value of the upper half.
5. Fifth, make an interpretation for each quartile value.

Note: If the number set is even, then simply use this formula to find Q2; (a+b)÷2=Q2, then find Q1
and Q3 by inspection. If the number set is odd and only has 9 numbers or below (that are odd), then
simply use the same formula to find Q1 and Q3.

What is its history?


The Moore and McCabe method is named for its creators, Edward F. Moore and George P. McCabe.
During the mid-twentieth century, it emerged from the fields of quality control and reliability
engineering. Moore and McCabe described the method as a statistical strategy for estimating the
overall number of defects in a product or process using defect data collected over time. Their work
has now become a key instrument for quality management and process improvement.

What is its contribution and importance?


This method has made an essential contribution to quality control and reliability engineering by
giving a statistical approach to determining the estimated number of flaws in a product or process.
This is important since it assists organizations/companies in identifying faults early on, facilitating
the successful production of goods.

Turkey/Tukey Method
What is Turkey/Tukey Method?
The Turkey method, often called the Tukey method, is a statistical method for determining quartiles,
which divide a dataset into four equal sections. It is commonly used in box plots to show the
distribution of data.

To apply this method, the following steps are employed:

1. First, we need to sort the data in an ascending order from smallest to greatest.
2. Identify the median or Q2 of the data which is the middle value. If the data is an odd set, then
the median is the middle value. If the data is an even set, then the median is the average of the
two middle values.
3. Then find Q1 which is the median of the lower half of the set.
4. After finding Q1, find Q3 next which is the median of the upper half of the set.

Note: Turkey/Tukey method is mostly inspecting the data.

What is its history?


The Tukey method, named after statistician John Tukey, was developed in the mid-twentieth century
to effectively summarize and evaluate data distributions. The technique acquired popularity for its
ease of use and efficacy in summarizing data distributions, particularly in the context of box plots,
which visually display quartiles as well as other summary statistics such as medians and outliers.

What is its contribution and importance?


This powerful technique is an asset for statisticians, data scientists, and researchers alike, thanks to
its simplicity, durability, and versatility. It contributes an in-depth and comprehensive depiction of
the data distribution. This is important since this is often used in box plots, which helps us visualize
the data itself. With its straightforward and easy-to-understand approach, it's an excellent choice
even for those who are new to the world of statistics.

Mendenhall and Sincich Method


What is Mendenhall and Sincich Method?
The Mendenhall and Sincich statistical method is a widely used approach to analyze data and test
hypotheses. It involves a series of steps such as identifying the problem, collecting and organizing
data, analyzing it using statistical techniques, and interpreting the results. This method is beneficial
for making informed decisions in fields such as business, economics, healthcare, and social sciences.

To apply this method, the following steps are employed:


1. First, we arrange the set in an ascending order to smallest from greatest.
2. Find the Q2 by inspecting, if the set is odd then it is the one with the middle value. If the set
is even, then the Q2 is between the two median values.
3. Use the formula Q1=4n+1 /4 where n is the number of set to find Q1. If the answer is a whole
number, then the value of Q1 is the answer’s place in the set. If the answer is not a whole
number, then simply round it off, the value of Q1 is the answer’s place in the set.
4. Use the same formula however change the Q1 to Q2 to find Q2. Do the same thing as how to
find Q1.
What is its history?
This method has no specific inventor and has only evolved over time as a statistical method.
However, William Mendenhall and Terry L. Sincich are renowned for their contributions to the field
of statistics through their textbooks, such as "Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences," which is
widely used in educational settings to teach statistical concepts and methods. Although they have not
invented any statistical method, their contributions lie in simplifying and presenting statistical
concepts and methods in an understandable and accessible way for students and practitioners.
Mendenhall and Sincich have made significant contributions to statistical education and literature.

What is its contribution and importance?


The Mendenhall and Sincich method is not as well-known as some other statistical techniques. Its
contributions and importance are mostly in a larger context of statistical analysis and inference. It's
more likely that this method refers to the approach to teaching statistics and statistical methods
outlined in textbooks authored by Mendenhall and Sincich.

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