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INFORMATION SHEET
3rd Quarter

PLAN AND PREPARE FOR ✓ Cover any sharp edges inside the computer
CONFIGURATION case with tape.
✓ Never open a power supply or a monitor.
Safety Procedures
✓ Do not touch areas in printers that are hot or
It is essential to maintain safe working those which use high voltage.
conditions to prevent accidents and injury to any ✓ Know where the fire extinguisher is located
person or damage to any object in a work area. New and learn how to use it.
staff and visitors must be informed of the ✓ Know where the first aid kit is located.
appropriate safety procedures. Any transgression of ✓ Keep food and drinks out of your
the procedures must be reported. workspace.
✓ Keep your workspace clean and free of
As an aspiring computer technician, you clutter.
should be aware of all possible dangers in the ✓ Lift heavy objects with sturdy leg support
workplace. It is a must to follow proper procedures to avoid back injury.
for handling computer equipment. Failure to follow
the prescribed safety procedures could result in
fines, criminal convictions, and damage to Fire Safety Guidelines
equipment, claims for damage from the owner of
Follow fire safety guidelines to protect
the property and data, injury, or death.
equipment and lives. Turn off and unplug the
A safe work space is clean, organized, and computer before beginning a repair to avoid
well-lit. The disposal or recycling of hazardous damage to the computer or electric shock to the
computer components must be done properly. technician. Fire can spread rapidly and be very
Make sure to follow regulations that govern how to costly. Proper use of a fire extinguisher can prevent
dispose specific items. When an organization a small fire from getting out of control. When
violates these regulations, there can be legal working with computer components, always
consequences. consider the possibility of an accidental fire and
prepare how to react. If there is a fire, you should
To keep you safe, this module provides the follow these safety procedures:
general and fire safety guidelines that protects the
technician and the equipment ✓ Always have a planned fire escape route
before beginning any work.
General Safety Guidelines ✓ Never fight a fire that is out of control or
Follow the basic safety guidelines to not contained.
prevent cuts, burns, electrical shock, and damage to ✓ Get out of the building quickly in case of an
eyesight. As a best practice, make sure that a fire out-of-control fire.
extinguisher and first aid kit are available in case of ✓ Contact emergency services immediately
fire or injury. Here are some general safety for help
guidelines:
✓ Remove your watch or any other jewelry
and secure loose clothing.
✓ Turn off the power and unplug equipment
before opening the case and performing
service.
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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
During installation and initial test, careful
planning and preparation are to be done. To avoid
personal injury and damages to wiring due to sharp
pins on connectors and printed circuit assemblies,
rough chassis edges and corners, and hot
components.
Adhere to warnings and limitations
regarding accessibility into areas designated only
for authorized technical personnel.
Some Basic Precautions and Procedures:
Before starting the installation, read
carefully the documentation and procedures
on any hardware and software settings that
may be required.
Failure to do the proper jumper setting may
cause damage to your CPU.
Without an effective cooling fan, the CPU
can overheat and cause damage to both
CPU and the motherboard.
Each bank must have the same size and type
of memory installed impairs.
Before adding and removing any other
system components, make sure that you
unplug you power supply. Failure to do so
may cause damage to your motherboard
and in the system component.
Test the computer, ensuring that it meets the
necessary system requirements before
booting up.
If the computer does not pass any of the
power on self-test (POST), the computer
will receive an irregular power on self-test.
An irregular POST is a beep code which is
different from the standard beep which can
either be no beeps at all or a combination of
different beeps
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COMPUTER ASSEMBLY PROCEDURES ➢ How do you select the best

tool for the job? First, know
FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN YOU
and understanding detail the
PLAN AND PREPARE FOR THE TASKS
scope of work to be
Planning plays the most important role of accomplished, second, plan
achieving a successful task. Your ability to plan for the scope considering the
properly will enable you to attain your target or sequence of tasks.
purpose. Many successful entrepreneurs have ➢ Selecting the best tool for
realized their success through proper and careful each task requires training in
planning. Likewise, aside from planning, you the proper use of the tools,
should also give importance to preparation. Good field experience in their safe
preparation will boost your confidence because it use, and following the
means that you are ready to do the task because you manufacturer’s guidance
have sufficient knowledge about it. and instructions for that
specific tool.
As a computer system servicing student, ➢ When obtaining the tool all
you also need to familiarize with the materials and the associated tooling and
tools involved in order to really attain the good consumable parts, as
result of the task given and avoid lagging when recommended by the
performing the task, you are doing. manufacturer, must be
The following are some factors to be considered included.
when you plan and prepare for the tasks:
4. Safety – Always prioritize safety.
1. Place - See to it that the place for doing the Remember that accident is not an excusable
task is conducive to work, well-ventilated, incident. It can be avoided. Always
clean, and has good lighting. A space remember the motto “Safety first”
provided for freedom to move is important. 5. Procedure/Task – Identify what task to
A place chosen will give your idea on what perform before identifying material sand
task is to be done. tools to use. The service procedure/task to
employ will tell you the corresponding
2. Waste Disposal – Used wire or wire strips tools and materials needed. Appropriate
or other things that can’t be used anymore tools to use with the task will enhance your
must be disposed in proper storage bin or ability to provide a competitive and
container. efficient service.

3. Tools/Equipment – Tools and equipment

must match with the task to be done. You
should be careful enough to choose tools
and equipment that are worthy of use. They
must be in good condition so that it can be
easily utilized without damaging the parts.
• Tools range from a traditional metal
cutting part of a machine to an
element of a computer program that
activates and controls a particular
function.
• Preparing for the task to be
undertaken includes proper tool
selection:
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TYPES OF COMPUTERS ➢ can do lots of things like browsing

the internet, playing games, writing
1. Supercomputer – the biggest and most
documents, and more.
expensive type of computer, which can
➢ Example: Dell G5
process trillions of instructions per second.
Supercomputers are at the frontline in terms
5. Mobile Devices (laptops, tablets,
of processing capabilities. They are mainly
smartphones) – Mobile devices such as
used in scientific engineering
tablets and smartphones possess lower
computations. (e.g. IBM Supercomputer
performance and processing capabilities
Blue Gene/P at Argone National Library)
than microcomputers, while many laptops
➢ It is like a super-fast and
possess processing capabilities that can
super-smart brain for
match even top-of-the-line PCs and
computers.
microcomputers. (e.g. Dell XPS Tower).
➢ It can do a LOT of
calculations quickly.
➢ It is the biggest and most
expensive type of computer.

2. Mainframe Computer
➢ the second biggest type of
computer.
➢ have the capacity to process
millions of instructions in seconds.
➢ capable of retrieving billions of
data.
➢ usually used for transaction
processing.
➢ They are mainly used in scientific
engineering computations.
➢ Example: IBM System z9
Mainframe Computer

3. Minicomputer
➢ smaller in size and processing
capability.
➢ accomplishes slightly less in work
and has lower performance than a
mainframe computer.
➢ more affordable and compact
compared to mainframes.
➢ room-sized machines
➢ Example: PDP-7 Minicomputer

4. Personal Computer
➢ very common type of computer that
is affordable for most computer
users.
➢ other names for this are desktop
computers and microcomputers
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PARTS OF COMPUTERS Normally it has expansion slots, spare

drive bays, and enough space for other
components and expansion cards.
• holds and protects the internal
components.
• offers physical protection, organization,
and support for the internal components.

System Unit
• the main part of the computer. Motherboard
• Main body of the computer housing all
• the main printed circuit board which holds
components.
the components of a computer.
• Includes the CPU, motherboard, memory,
• It supplies power and provides ways for
storage devices, and other hardware.
the components to communicate with each
• Provides connectivity for components to
other.
work together.
• It provides the electrical connections and
• Provides connectivity for peripherals and
pathways that allow various components
expansion slots.
such as the CPU, RAM, storage drives,
• the system unit is like the “brain” of a and peripherals to interact.
computer. It's the main box that holds all the
important parts.

Control Processing Unit (CPU)

• often called the "brain" of the computer, is

the central component responsible for
executing instructions and performing
calculations.
• handles all data processing tasks, from
basic arithmetic to complex operations,
Chassis/System Case making decisions and coordinating the
activities of other components.
• the chassis or system case is like the
"body" of the computer. It's the box
everything fits into.
• the enclosure that houses the CPU and
other interior components of a computer.
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Memory/Module Board

• a device that allows computers to store and

retain information.
Optical Disk Drives (DVD/CD/BD-ROM)
• installed into a dedicated slot on the
motherboard. • used for reading and writing data to optical
• also known as RAM (Random Access discs such as CDs (Compact Discs), DVDs
Memory), is a hardware component that (Digital Versatile Discs), and Blu-ray
allows computers to store and quickly discs.
access data temporarily.

Video Graphics Array (VGA)

• a 15-pin D-subminiature connector was
Hard Disk Drives
first introduced in 1987 with the IBM PS/2
• storage devices that hold the operating line of computers.
system and data files. • it's a widely used standard for connecting
• used in computers to store and retrieve computers to displays, making it
digital information for the long term. compatible with many devices.
• used to store the operating system,
software applications, files, documents,
multimedia, and any other data that needs
to be saved long-term.

Display Video Interface (DVI)

• developed by the Digital Display Working

Group (DWWG)
• used to connect display devices, such as
projectors and monitors, to a video source
Floppy Disk Drives (FDD) such as video graphics adapter.

• a device that reads and writes information

on an outdated storage device
• has only 1.44MB worth of storage space.
• used for storing and transferring small
amounts of data, such as documents,
photos, and programs.
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High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)

• an audio and video interface that transfers
video and digital audio data from HDMI-
compliant video source devices such as a
modem/high-end graphics card device. CPU Heat Sink

• Heat from the processor case during the

reporting transfers and dissipates into the
heat sink.

Power Supply Unit

• a device that converts alternating current

(AC) power from the electrical socket to
Internal Speaker
the appropriate power before distributing it
to the system components via power. • an audio and video interface that transfers
video and digital audio data from HDMI-
compliant video source devices such as a
modem/high-end graphics card device.

Cooling Fan

• a temperature-regulating device that Video Graphics Card

disperses excess heat inside the system
unit to maintain the ideal temperature • device that converts data from the system
necessary for the components to yield unit to render an image or display on your
optimal output or performance. monitor.
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Sound Card
• an expansion card that converts data into
sound, which will then be sent to speakers.

Network Interface Card

• this is an expansion card that allows a
computer to connect to the Internet or to a
local area network via a LAN cable or a
Wi-Fi antenna

Modem Card
• enables the computer to connect to the
Internet using a telephone cable.
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INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES • allows computer users to input audio into
their computers.
Input Devices
• an input device because it takes sound (your
An input device is any hardware device that sends voice) and sends it to the computer.
data to a computer, allowing you to interact with
and control it. The picture shows a Logitech
trackball mouse, which is an example of an input
device.

Webcam

• a camera that connects to a computer.

Mouse • it captures either still pictures or motion
video, and with the aid of software, can
• a handheld hardware device that controls a transmit its video on the Internet in real-
cursor in a GUI (graphical user interface) time.
and can move and select text, icons, files, • a webcam is an input device because it
and folders on your computer. captures video and sends it to the computer
• it is an input device because it allows you to
give instructions to the computer.

Scanner

Keyboard • a scanner or optical scanner is a hardware

input device that optically "reads" and
• a keyboard is composed of image and converts it into a digital signal.
• buttons that create letters, numbers, and • a scanner is an input device because it takes
symbols, as well as perform other physical documents or images and converts
functions. them into digital format.
• the keyboard is an input device because you
use it to give information to the computer. Output Devices
An output device is any peripheral that receives
data from a computer, usually for display,
projection, or physical reproduction. For example,
the image shows an inkjet printer, an output device
that can make a hard copy of anything shown on
the monitor. Monitors and printers are two of the
most commonly used output devices used with a
computer.
Microphone
• Sometimes abbreviated as mic.
• a hardware peripheral and input device
• originally invented by Emile Berliner in
1877.
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Monitor • an output device that can take images

generated by a computer or Blu-ray player
• a monitor is made up of circuitry, a screen,
and reproduce them by projection onto a
a power supply, buttons to adjust screen
screen, wall, or another surface.
settings, and casing that holds all of these
• an output device because it takes
components.
information from the computer and prints it
• It is an output device because it shows you
onto paper.
what the computer is doing.
• a projector is an output device because it
takes images and videos from the computer
and displays them on a larger screen or
surface

Headphone
• sometimes referred to as earphones,
headphones are a hardware output device
that either plug into a computer line out or Speaker
speakers. • a computer speaker is an output hardware
• headphones allow you to listen to audio or device that connects to a computer to
watch a generate sound.
• movie without disturbing people around • the signal used to produce the sound that
you. The headphone is an output device comes from a computer speaker is created
because it sends information from the by the computer's
computer to you. • sound card.
• a speaker is an output device because it
takes audio data from the computer and
plays it for you to hear.

Printer

• a printer is an external hardware output

device that takes the electronic data stored
on a computer or other device and generates
a hard copy of it.
• an output device because it takes
information from the computer and prints it
onto paper.

Projector
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PROCESSING DEVICES AND STORAGE

DEVICES
Processing Devices
A processing device is any device in a computer
that handles the intermediate stage of processing
the incoming data.

NIC
• Short for network interface card. It is also
referred to as an Ethernet card and network
adapter. It is a computer expansion card for
connecting to a network.

CPU
Storage Devices
• the central processing unit of the computer.
CPU handles all instructions it receives A storage device referred to as digital storage,
from hardware and software running on the storage, storage media, or storage medium, a
computer storage device is any hardware capable of holding
information either temporarily or permanently.

GPU
• short for graphics processing unit. It is an
electronic circuit used to speed up the
creation of both 2D and 3D images. Magnetic Storage Devices

• Any storage medium that utilizes magnetic

patterns to represent information.

Motherboard

• referred to as mainboard. It refers to a

printed circuit board and foundation of a
computer that is the biggest board in a Optical Storage Devices
computer chassis.
• referred to as a disc drive, optical media,
optical storage. It refers to any media read
using a laser assembly.
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Flash Memory Devices

• refers to an integrated circuit that does not
need continuous power to retain data, but is
a bit more expensive than magnetic storage.
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HARDWARE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

One important thing to consider before executing a
well-planned computer installation is that one must
be knowledgeable in the different tools and
equipment’s used in computer systems and
networks. Furthermore, the idea on how these tools
and equipment’s are properly used is another
important consideration in installing computer Screwdrivers
systems.
• a tool for driving screws and often rotating
other machine elements with the mating
drive system.

Protective Eyewear Soldering Gun

• prevent particulates, infectious fluids, or
• a tool for soldering metals using tin -based
chemicals from striking the eyes.
solder to achieve a highly conductive
contact

Multi-meter or Multi-tester

• also known as a VOM (Volt-Ohm meter), is Desoldering Tools

an electronic measuring instrument that • used for removing the molten solder so that
combines several measurements. the joint may be separated.

Hex Key, Allen Key or Allen Wrench

Pliers
• a tool of hexagonal cross-section used to
• a hand tool used to hold objects firmly, for drive bolts and screws that have a
bending, or physical compression. hexagonal socket in the head.
 P a g e | 14

Flashlight

• a hand-held portable electric-powered light

source. Usually, the light source is a small Antistatic Wrist Strap
incandescent light bulb or light-emitting • used to safely ground a person working on
diode (LED). very sensitive electronic equipment, to
prevent the build-up of static electricity on
their body, which can result in electrostatic
discharge (ESD).

IC Insertion and Extraction Tool

• used for extracting and inserting BIOS Chip

Mirror
• used for inspecting the peripherals.

Tweezers
• used for picking up objects too small to be
easily handled with human hands.