MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS 4. Bandage Scissors: 7.

Deaver:
- Lister bandage scissors are used for - handheld retractor commonly used to hold
1. Scalpel handle: dressings, drapes. back the abdominal wall during abdominal
- used to firmly hold the surgical blade in order - the blunt tip of the scissor helps to lift the or thoracic procedures.
to puncture or cut the tissues bandage from the skin safely for easy - used to move or hold organs away from
dressing and safe bandage removal. the surgical site.

2. Scalpel:
- a bladed surgical instrument used to make cuts
into the body. 5. Army Navy Retractor: 8. Gut Basin:
- used to expose surface layers of skin and - it is used to hold the OS.
also most often used in orthopedic
surgeries.

3. Towel clamp/clip: 9. Richardson Retractor:

- used to secure the drapes to the patient and 6. Bladder retractor: - used to expose, retract, or push tissues,
ancillary equipment to the drapes to achieve a - urological surgical instruments used for organs, muscles, and bones during
sterile field. exposing surgical sites by retracting surgeries.
- tips are curved to improve visibility and allow bladder tissue, skin, and muscles. - used in various surgical procedures,
the handles to lie flat on the patient. - used for cystectomy and prostate including gynecological, urological, and
enucleation to tumor removal. abdominal surgeries.
10. Kelly Forceps (Straight): 15. Allis:
- used during surgery to compress the - used to hold and grip tissues and are often
artery, clamp and seal small to medium known as Allis Clamps.
size blood vessels or hold the artery out of - have finger-ring grips, sharp edges, and a
the way. ratcheted handle.
- used to snatch fascia and ligaments,
13. Mayo Scissors (Straight): including the breast and bowel tissues.
- to cut thick tissues such as those found in
the uterus, muscles, breast, and foot.

11. Kelly Forceps (Curve):

- used during surgery to compress the
artery, clamp and seal small to medium
16. Tissue Forceps:
size blood vessels or hold the artery out of
- manipulate tissues.
the way. 14. Babcock:
- support tissues while making incisions, and
- Is a finger ring, ratcheted, non-perforating
suturing. retract tissues to improve
forceps used to grasp delicate tissue.
exposure.
- frequently used with intestinal and
laparotomy procedures.

12. Metzembaum “metz”:

- use in performing blunt dissections and
cutting delicate and fine tissues.
- Surgeons use these dissecting scissors for
incising the deep rib bed periosteal layer.
17. Thumb Forceps: 19. Ovum Forceps: 21. Debakey Forceps:
- used with thumb and forefinger's - to properly remove pieces of placenta or - holding and manipulating delicate tissues,
compression. products of conception from the uterus to especially in cardiovascular procedures.
- suitable for grasping, holding, and prevent infection.
manipulating body tissues. - flat blades are serrated and hollow to
- used for holding, grasping, and firmly grasp the tissue to be removed.
manipulating body tissues.

22. Mixters Forceps:

20. Weitlaner Retractor: - used to clamp blood vessels, control
18. Needle Holder:
- used to hold soft tissues apart during bleeding, and manipulate tissues during
- used to hold a suturing needle during
surgical procedures to give the surgeon surgery.
surgical procedures.
access to the site.
PRINCIPLES OF ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE TYPES OF ANESTHESIA 10 GOLDEN RULES DURING DRUG ADMINISTRATION
1. Right Patient
1. Only sterile items are used within sterile field. 1. Regional
2. Right Medication
2. Sterile persons are gowned and gloved. 2. Local
3. Right Dosage
3. Tables are sterile only at the table level. 3. General
4. Right Route
4. Sterile persons touch only sterile items/areas.
TYPES OF SURGERY ACC. TO: 5. Right Time
Unsterile persons touch only unsterile
1. Risk 6. Right Documentation
items/areas.
2. Purpose 7. Right Client Education
5. Sterile persons avoid leaning over unsterile
8. Right to refuse
areas. LAYERS OF TISSUE
9. Right Assessment
Unsterile persons avoid reaching over sterile 1. Skin
10. Right Evaluation
field. 2. Subcutaneous
6. Edges of anything that encloses sterile content 3. Fascia
are considered unsterile. 4. Muscle
7. Unsterile persons avoid sterile areas. 5. Peritoneum
8. Sterile field is created as close as possible to
the time of use. PARTS OF SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS
9. Sterile areas are continuously kept in view. 1. Tips
10. Sterile persons keep within sterile area. 2. Jaws
11. Sterile persons keep contact with sterile areas 3. Box lock pin
to a minimum. 4. Box lock
12. Microorganisms must be kept to irreducible 5. Shank
minimum. 6. Ratchet
13. Destruction of integrity of microbial barriers 7. Ring holder
result to contamination.
PHASES OF SURGERY
1. Preoperative Phase
2. Intraoperative Phase
3. Post-operative Phase