ELECTRONIC COMMERCE

INTRODUCTION

Electronic Commerce or e-commerce is business transactions that take place by communication

networks. It is a process of buying and selling products, services, and information over computer
network. E-commerce is a set of dynamic technologies, applications and business process that link
organizations, customers, suppliers and communities through electronic transactions and the electronic
exchange of information products and services

Electronic commerce that is conducted between businesses and consumers, on the other hand, is
referred to as business-to-consumer or B2C. This is the type of electronic commerce conducted by
companies such as Amazon.com.

Online shopping is a form of electronic commerce where the buyer is directly online to the seller's
computer usually via the internet. There is no intermediary service. The sale and purchase transaction is
completed electronically and interactively in real-time such as Amazon.com for new books. If an
intermediary is present, then the sale and purchase transaction is called electronic commerce such as
eBay.com

History of e-shopping

Originally, electronic commerce meant the facilitation of commercial transactions electronically, using
technology such as Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT). These were
both introduced in the late 1970s, allowing businesses to send commercial documents like purchase
orders or invoices electronically.

Online shopping, a form of electronic commerce, In 1979 Michael Aldrich, an English inventor, connected
a modified 26" color domestic television to a real-time transaction processing computer via a domestic
telephone line and invented online shopping. The first recorded B2B was Thomson Holidays 1981 the
first recorded B2C was Gateshead SIS/Tesco in 1984. The world's first recorded online home shopper was
Mrs. Jane Snowball, 72, of Gateshead, England in May 1984. During the 1980s Aldrich sold many systems
mainly in the UK including Ford, Peugeot, General Motors and Nissan. The Nissan system of 1984/5 was
revolutionary. It enabled a car buyer on a dealer's lot to both buy and finance the car, including credit
check, online. Aldrich invented both the online shopping system and the business rationale for using it.
His 1980s systems were as fast as 2010 internet shopping systems. They used dial-up and leased
telephone lines as broadband was not available From the 1990s onwards, electronic commerce would
additionally include enterprise resource planning systems (ERP), data mining and data warehousing

An early example of many-to-many electronic commerce in physical goods was the Boston Computer
Exchange, a marketplace for used computers launched in 1982. An early online information marketplace,
including online consulting, was the American Information Exchange, another pre-Internet online system
introduced in 1991.The Internet became popular worldwide around 1994 when the first internet online
shopping started; it took about five years to introduce security protocols and DSL allowing continual
connection to the Internet. By the end of 2000, many European and American business companies
offered their services through the World Wide Web. Since then people began to associate a word
"ecommerce" with the ability of purchasing various goods through the Internet using secure protocols
and electronic payment services

Historical Timeline

1979: Michael Aldrich invented online shopping

1981: Thomson Holidays, UK is first B2B online shopping

1985: Nissan UK sells cars and finance with credit checking to customers online from dealers'

lots.

Pizza Hut offers online ordering on its Web page in 1992

1995: Jeff Bezos launches Amazon.com

2010: US e-Commerce and Online Retail sales projected to reach $173 billion, an increase of 7

percent over 2009

Objectives of e-Shopping

The main objectives of the e-shopping are given below:

1. To provide information about various products in different category.

2. Customer can purchase Products Online.

3. Customer can login and get various information about products and can purchase the

suitable product with price and quality comparison.

4. Customer can pay online, so security is must therefore e-shopping provide secure

transactions.

5. After sale e-shopping also provide after sales service in which customer problem is

solved.

6. Data security is maintained to relatively high level by implementing it at Database level,

so as to ensure that only authorized users have access to confidential client information
Current e-eshopping sites in Nepal

The current e-shopping sites of Nepal are:

1. KathmanduMart.com : This site will deliver state-of-the-art Online Solutions by bringing

technology and people together to resolve a wide range of shopping necessity.

2. NetForNepal.com : A site through which you can send gifts to your family & friends in

Nepal

3. Nepa Rudraksha: Nepa Rudraksha is founded to achieve objectives of promoting Nepali

rudraksha and saligrams.

4. Pashminarus.com: For the finest collection of the highest quality pashmina shawls from

Nepal.

5. Thamel.com: For all kinds of occasions, send gifts to Nepal

6. Muncha House - An e-commerce site to send gifts to loved ones in Nepa

Purpose of project

We cover a wide variety of topics which are:

1. Build a product catalog that can be browsed and searched

2. Implement the catalog administration pages that allow adding, modifying, and removing

products, categories, and departments, and other administrative features

3. Create your own shopping basket and check-out mechanism in PHP

4. Increase sales by implementing product recommendations and product reviews

5. Handle payments using PayPal and other electronic payment.

6. Implement a customer accounts system

7. Integrate Amazon.com web services to sell Amazon.com items through our web site

While implementing these features, we'll learn how to

1. Design relational databases and write MySQL queries and stored procedures.
2. Use the MySQL full-text search feature to implement product searching.

3. Use the Smarty templating engine to write structured and extensible PHP code.

4. Implement search engine optimization features

5. Use AJAX to improve the users’ experience utilizing your web site

6. Integrate external web services

Scope of the project

1. Increasing the value of the content with accessibility, reusability and durability.

2. We will develop the necessary skills to get our business up on the Web and available to a

worldwide audience.

3. We'll understand the concepts, and we'll have the knowledge.

4. Affiliation program helps to generated many visitors and is one of the best marketing

strategies

Phases of Development of project

1. Problem definition: pay by customer for product , advertisement,

2. Feasibility study

3. Project analysis

4. Project design

5. Project coding and testing

Problem definition

Viewing the latest e-commerce sites implemented in Nepal there does not contain the product reviews,
marketing for the products and the sites as well as search engine optimization which ultimately drive
visitors to the site and increase the chances that visitors will buy from same site and not from the
competitor.

The sites are also not implementing latest technology as durpal, magento, jquery and ajax and are not
user friendly.

The sites are also not maintaining CRM (customer relationship management) for their future reference
Feasibility study

With the problems addressed above we are making the e-shopping site removing the problems and the
technological feasibility of this project is that we are using known technologies as well asopen source
codes like the PHP and MySQL and the operational feasibility is that we can be ableto do as per the
business requirement, and the economic feasibility is that we are preparing the project as per the partial
fulfillment of the BCIS so the economic feasibility is fulfilled.

Project analysis

In this stage we gather the information from the different sources for project development. The

methods of collecting information are:

1. Interviewing

2. Observations

3. Viewing of documents and manuals from different e-commerce sites

Project design

In this phase, we design the output of project and its format, inputs and procedures etc. In this

stage, we design

1. PayPal implementation (transactions through PayPal)

2. Product creation and recommendations

3. Product attributes

4. Creating own shopping cart

5. Implementing Ajax features

6. Searching the catalog and catalog administration

7. Search engine optimization

8. Advertisement with affiliation and other media

Project Coding and Testing

In this stage, we convert the system design to final project using programming language. In this stage
format error and logic error are eliminated and make complete project without any error. After
completion of coding, the project will be tested to find out that all individual programs perform correctly.
The implementation of PayPal, affiliation program and other services are performing correctly or not is
tested.

Date July August September

Phase Week

Feasibility study

Project analysis

Project Design

Project coding and Testing

Documentation

Gantt chart for project

Chapter 3

Tools and techniques those are required

Tools and techniques Name

Text editor Macromedia Dreamweaver

Flash generator Dreamweaver Flash

Programming languages PHP, Mysql, Javascript, Facebook MarkUp Language, Paypal Code,

Jquery, Ajax, Smarty tempalting, HTML, XML, DHML, Style Sheets (CSS)

Guidance Oscommerce, Durpal, Magento and other e-commerce sites

Web Server Apache

What are the requirements that we need?

1. Affiliation program creation

2. Basic knowledge about SEO and other marketing strategies such as facebook application

3. How Paypal Transactions works or the implementation of sandbox.

4. Knowledge about the JavaScript, Ajax, Jquery and flash.

5. Embedded code generation

6. Knowledge about the osCommerce, durpal, magento and other e-commerce sites.

Why to go online?

1. Get more customers

2. Recognize worldwide

3. Reduce the costs of fulfilling demands or orders.

4. Increasing Business revenue

5. Increasing the operational value

6. Increase flexibility

Will the site generate revenue?

Of course, there are so many ways to generate revenue and draw customers to E-shopping sites.

Most commonly uses are:

a) Google Adsense

b) Referral Programs

c) Local Advertisements

d) Newspaper and Media

e) Customer Relation Management.

What's new in our project?

Basically, e-shopping is new concept and many projects have already been made and is emerging in new
eras and covers many techniques. In our project E-shopping with affiliation program the product in our
site can be advertise to the other sites and the affiliated account holder can earn money. The strategy
can be PPC (Pay Per Click) means the affiliated account holder can earn money as per the clicks in our
product.

Make money with affiliate program that pays the account holder for every click Affiliated account holder
gets paid for every visitor that clicks on an advertisement. Our goal is to enable you to make as much as
possible from your advertising space, by letting advertisers bidon your ad space. We pay monthly, either
by check, or instantly through PayPal with a minimum of only $50. They can also promote our site with
the banners available and other promotional texts and click providers.

Risks and Threats

All this might make it sound as if your e-commerce business can't possibly fail. Some risks are

particularly relevant to e-commerce companies, such as:

1. Hacking

2. Credit card scams

3. Hardware failures

4. Unreliable shipping services

5. Software errors

6. Changing laws

Bibliography

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_commerce

http://www.ecommerce-blog.org

http://www.phpwebcommerce.com/

https://developer.paypal.com/

http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Internet/2007/Affiliate_Marketing.asp

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/E/electronic_commerce.html

http://www.amazon.com

. ## Objectives The main objectives of this project proposal on online shopping are: 1. To
analyze the advantages and benefits of online shopping for both merchants and consumers.2. To
identify the factors that contribute to the growth of online shopping activities.

3. To understand the consumer perception and behavior towards online shopping. ## Literature
Review
According to various sources, the rapid growth of online shopping activities is primarily due to
the advantages perceived by consumers. A review of the literature suggests that convenience,
simplicity, price comparison features, a broader assortment of products and services, time-
saving, original services, and personal motivation are some of the key factors driving the growth
of online shopping.

Singh and Jang highlight the convenience and comfort of online shopping as key advantages for
consumers. They argue that online shopping allows customers to browse and purchase products
from the comfort of their own homes, avoiding the hassle of crowded stores and long checkout
lines (2016, p. 47). Forsythe et al also emphasize the advantages of online shopping, such as
shopping convenience, product selection, ease/comfort of shopping, and hedonic/enjoyment
(2006, p. 40). Arora and Aggarwal further support these advantages, suggesting that price,
convenience, and recreational benefits are key factors in the popularity of online shopping (2017,
p. 120). Another advantage identified by Dai et al is the simplicity and convenience of online
shopping, which saves both time and shop rental fees for merchants and consumers

Project Proposal Overview

This project proposes the development of an online shopping website using HTML and CSS. The website
will allow users to browse and purchase a variety of products, including clothing, electronics, and home
goods. The website will be user-friendly and easy to navigate, and it will feature a variety of features,
such as a shopping cart, a checkout process, and a search function.

2. Rationale

There are a number of reasons why it is beneficial to develop an online shopping website using HTML
and CSS. First, HTML and CSS are widely used web development languages, which means that there is a
large pool of developers available to work on the project. Second, HTML and CSS are relatively easy to
learn, so the project can be completed in a relatively short amount of time. Third, HTML and CSS are
well-suited for developing user-friendly and accessible websites.

3. Aim and Objectives

The aim of this project is to develop an online shopping website using HTML and CSS that is user-friendly,
accessible, and secure. The specific objectives of the project are to:

Develop a website layout that is easy to navigate and visually appealing.

Implement a shopping cart and checkout process that is secure and easy to use.

Add a search function to allow users to easily find the products they are looking for.

Make the website accessible to users with disabilities.

4. Methodology

The website will be developed using a three-tier architecture. The first tier will be the presentation tier,
which will be responsible for displaying the website to the user. The second tier will be the application
tier, which will be responsible for processing user requests and interacting with the database. The third
tier will be the data tier, which will be responsible for storing and retrieving data.

The website will be developed using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The presentation tier will be
implemented using HTML and CSS. The application tier will be implemented using JavaScript and a
server-side scripting language, such as PHP or Python. The data tier will be implemented using a
relational database management system, such as MySQL or PostgreSQL.

5. Schedule and Budget

The project is estimated to take four weeks to complete. The budget for the project is estimated to be
$1,000.

6. Conclusion

This project proposes the development of an online shopping website using HTML and CSS. The website
will be user-friendly, accessible, and secure. The project is estimated to take four weeks to complete and
the budget is estimated to be $1,000.

PDF Version
A PDF version of this project proposal can be generated using a PDF converter, such as Adobe Acrobat or
PDFelement. The PDF version of the proposal can then