CBSE 2024 EXAMINATIONS

XII MATHEMATICS (041)

Series Q5QPS/5 ♦ Q.P. Code 65/5/1; 65/5/2; 65/5/3
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Time Allowed : 180 Minutes Max. Marks : 80
General Instructions :
1. This Question paper contains five sections - A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
However, there are internal choices in some questions.
2. Section A has 18 MCQs and 02 Assertion-Reason (A-R) based questions of 1 mark each.
Section B has 05 questions of 2 marks each.
Section C has 06 questions of 3 marks each.
Section D has 04 questions of 5 marks each.
Section E has 03 Case-study / Source-based / Passage-based questions with sub-parts (4
marks each).
3. There is no overall choice. However, internal choice has been provided in
 02 Questions of Section B
 03 Questions of Section C
 02 Questions of Section D
 02 Questions of Section E
You have to attempt only one of the alternatives in all such questions.

 Q.P. Code - 65/5/1

SECTION A
This section has 20 multiple choice questions of 1 mark each.
01. A function f :    defined as f (x)  x 2  4x  5 is
(a) injective but not surjective (b) surjective but not injective
(c) both injective and surjective (d) neither injective nor surjective
Sol. (d) Note that, f (1)  f (5)  10 but 1  5 . So, f is not injective.
Also, f (x)  (x  2) 2  1  1  x   . That means, range of f is [1, ) .
Since Range  Codomain () so, f is not surjective.
 a c 1
02. If A   b 0 5  is a skew-symmetric matrix, then the value of 2a  (b  c) is
 1 5 0 
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –10 (d) 10
Sol. (a) The diagonal elements in a skew-symmetric matrix are all 0 so, a  0 .
Also, a12  a 21 implies, c  b i.e., c  b  0 (using a ij  a ji
Therefore, 2a  (b  c)  (2  0)  (0)  0 .
03. If A is a square matrix of order 3 such that the value of adj.A  8 , then the value of A T is
(a) 2 (b)  2 (c) 8 (d) 2 2
31
Sol. (d) adj.A  A  8
2
 A 8  A  A T  2 2 .
 7 3 3 1 3 3 
04. If inverse of matrix  1 1 0  is the matrix 1  3  , then value of  is
 
 1 0 1  1 3 4 
(a) 4 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 4
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Sol. (d) Since A A 1  I

So, 7(3)  ( 3)  ( 3)3  0 (since element a12  0 in I
 3  7  (1)  (3)   0   4 .
5 
 2 
05. If  x 2 0  1   3 1   , then the value of x is
 x  x 
(a) –1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2
Sol. (a)  5x  2  0   6  x 
On comparing elements, we get 5x  2  6  x  x  1 .
2
06. Find the matrix A , where A   a ij  is 2  2 matrix whose elements are given by
a ij  maximum (i, j)  minimum (i, j) .
0 0 0 1  1 0 1 1
(a)   (b)   (c)   (d)  
0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1
a a 12   1  1 2  1  0 1 
Sol. (c) A  a ij  22   11   
a 21 a 22   2  1 2  2  1 0 
 0 1  0 1  1 0 
Clearly, A 2     .
1 0  1 0   0 1 
dy
07. If xe y  1 , then the value of at x  1 is
dx
1
(a) 1 (b) 1 (c) e (d) 
e
1 1
Sol. (a) e y   log e y  log
x x
 y log e   log x
 y   log x
dy 1
 
dx x
dy 1
At x  1,    1 .
dx 1
sin 2 x
08. Derivative of e with respect to cos x is
2 2 2 2
(a) sin x esin x
(b) cos x esin x
(c) 2 cos x esin x
(d) 2 sin 2 x cos x esin x

2
Sol. (c) Let y  esin x , z  cos x
2 2
Now y  e1cos x
then, y  e1z
dy 1z 2 2
Differentiating w.r.t. z,  e  (0  2z)  esin x  (2 cos x) .
dz
x 2
09. The function f (x)   has a local minima at x 
2 x
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) 2
1 2 4
Sol. (a) Here f (x)   2 and f (x)  3
2 x x

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1 2 1 2
For f (x)  0,  0  
2 x2 2 x2
 x  2
4
As f (x  2)   0 so, x  2 is the point of local minima.
23
10. Given a curve y  7x  x 3 and x increases at the rate of 2 units per second. The rate at which the
slope of the curve is changing, when x  5 is
(a) 60 units/sec (b) 60 units/sec (c) 70 units/sec (d) 140 units/sec
dy
Sol. (a)  7  3x 2  m (slope)
dx
dm dx
Now  0  6x  6x(2)  12x
dt dt
dm
When x  5 ,  12(5)  60 units/sec .
dt
1
11.  x(log x)2 dx is equal to
1 (log x)3 3
(a) 2log (log x)  c (b)  c (c) c (d) c
log x 3 (log x)3
1 1 2 (log x) 2 1 1
Sol. (b)  x(log x)2 dx  x  (log x) dx  c   c.
2  1 log x
n 1
n  f (x)
Using  f (x)   f (x)dx 
n 1
 c, n  1 .
1
12. The value of  x x dx is
1
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c)  (d) 0
6 3 6
Sol. (d) Let f (x)  x x
Since f ( x)  ( x)  x   x x  f (x) so, f (x) is an odd function.
1 a
Therefore,  x x dx  0 . [Using  f (x)dx  0, if f ( x)  f (x)
1 a

13. Area of the region bounded by y 2  4x and the X-axis between x  0 and x  1 is
2 8 4
(a) (b) (c) 3 (d)
3 3 3
1
Sol. (d) Area (A)  2 x dx
0

2 1
 A  2   x x 
3 0

4
 A  1  0
3
4
 A  Sq. units.
3

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d4 y  d2 y 
14. The order of the differential equation  sin  2   5 is
dx 4  dx 
(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) not defined
4
d y
Sol. (a) The highest order derivative term is . So, the order of D.E. is 4.
dx 4 
15. The position vectors of points P and Q are p and q respectively.
The point R divides line segment PQ in the ratio 3:1 and S is the mid-point of line segment PR.
The position vector of S is
       
p  3q p  3q 5p  3q 5p  3q
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 8 4 8
Sol. (d) Consider the diagram to understand the situation depicted in the question.

3 3  3 5
Note that, S divides PQ in the ratio of :   1  :  3: 5 .
2 2  2 2
   
 3q  5p  5p  3q
Hence, S   i.e., the position vector of S is .
 35  8
x y z
16. The angle which the line   makes with the positive direction of Y-axis is
1 1 0
5 3 5 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6 4 4 4
Sol. (b) The direction ratios of given line are 1, –1, 0; and that of Y-axis are 0, 1, 0.
 1(0)  (1)(1)  0(0)   1  3
The required angle is cos 1    cos 1   4 .
 12  (1)2  02 02  12  02   2 
 
17. The Cartesian equation of the line passing through the point (1, –3, 2) and parallel to the line

r  (2   )iˆ  ˆj  (2  1)kˆ is
x 1 y  3 z  2 x 1 y  3 z  2
(a)   (b)  
2 0 1 1 1 2
x 1 y  3 z  2 x 1 y  3 z  2
(c)   (d)  
2 0 1 1 1 2
 ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
Sol. (d) Rewriting the line r  2i  k   (i  j  2k) . The direction ratios of this line are 1, 1, 2.
x 1 y  3 z  2
Hence, the required Cartesian equation of line is   .
1 1 2
Note that, the direction ratios of parallel lines are proportional.
18. If A and B are events such that P(A | B)  P(B | A)  0 , then
(a) A  B, but A  B (b) A  B
(c) A  B   (d) P(A)  P(B)
Sol. (d) Given that P(A | B)  P(B | A)
P(A  B) P(B  A)
 
P(B) P(A)
 P(A)  P(B) [ P(A  B)  P(B  A)

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Direction : In question numbers 19 and 20, two statements are given, one labelled Assertion (A)
and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the following options.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
19. Assertion (A) : Domain of y  cos1 (x) is  1, 1 .

Reason (R) : The range of the principal value branch of y  cos1 (x) is [0, ]    .
2
Sol. (c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Note that, the range of the principal value branch of y  cos1 (x) is [0 , ] .
 
20. Assertion (A) : The vectors a  6iˆ  2ˆj  8k, ˆ c  4iˆ  4ˆj  2kˆ represent the sides
ˆ b  10iˆ  2ˆj  6k,
of a right angled triangle.
Reason (R) : Three non-zero vectors of which none of two are collinear forms a triangle if their
resultant is zero vector or sum of any two vectors is equal to the third.
      
Sol. (b) Note that, a  c  b and a .c  0 so, a  c .
That is, the given vectors represent the sides of a right angled triangle.
So, Assertion (A) is true.
Moreover Reason (R) is true as well but it is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
SECTION B
This section has 5 Very Short Answer questions of 2 marks each.
  3  
21. Find the value of k, if sin 1  k tan  2cos 1    .
  2   3
  3  
Sol. sin 1  k tan  2cos 1  
  2   3
    
 sin sin 1  k tan  2     sin
  6  3
 3
 k tan   
3 2
3 1
 k 3  k  .
2 2
 1
 x sin   , x  0
22. (a) Verify whether the function f defined by f (x)   x is continuous at x  0 or
0, x  0

not.
OR
(b) Check for differentiability of the function f defined by f (x)  x  5 , at the point x  5 .
1
Sol. (a) Right Hand Limit (at x  0 ) : lim f (x)  lim x sin  
x 0 x 0 x
1
  0  sin    0  (a value oscillating between  1 and 1)  0  1  sin   1    R
0

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1
Left Hand Limit (at x  0 ) : lim f (x)  lim x sin  
x 0 x 0 x
1
  0  sin    0  (a value oscillating between  1 and 1)  0
0
Also, f (0)  0 .
Since LHL (at x  0 ) = RHL (at x  0 ) = f (0) so, f (x) is continuous at x  0 .
OR
  (x  5), x  5
(b) f (x)  x  5  
 x  5, x  5
 f (5)  5  5  0
f (x)  f (5) x  5  0
Now L f (5)  lim  lim  lim (1)  1 ,
x 5 x 5 x 5 x 5 x 5

f (x)  f (5) x 50

R f (5)  lim  lim  lim (1)  1
x 5 x 5 x 5 x 5 x 5

 L f (5)  R f (5) so, the function f (x) is not differentiable at x  5 .

 
23. The area of the circle is increasing at a uniform rate of 2 cm2/sec. How fast is the circumference
of the circle increasing when the radius r  5 cm ?
Sol. Area of circle, A   r 2
dA dr
  2 r 
dt dt
dr dr 1
 2  2 r   
dt dt  r
Now circumference of circle, C  2 r
dC dr 1 2
  2  2 
dt dt r r
dC 2
At r  5 cm,  cm/sec .
dt 5
24. (a) Find  cos3 x elog sin x dx .
OR
1
(b) Find  dx .
5  4x  x 2
Sol. (a) Put cos x  t  sin xdx  dt
t4 cos4 x
Now  cos3 x elog sin x dx   cos3 x sin xdx    t 3dt   c  c.
4 4
OR
1 1 1 3  (x  2) 1 1 x
(b)  2
dx   2
dx  log  c  log c.
5  4x  x 9  (x  2) 23 3  (x  2) 6 5 x
25. Find the vector equation of the line passing through the point (2, 3,  5) and making equal
angles with the coordinate axes.
Sol. Since the required line makes equal angles with the coordinate axes so,      .
That is, cos2   cos 2   cos2   1 [Using cos2   cos2   cos 2   1
1
 cos   
3
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1 1 1
That means, the direction cosines of the line are  , , .
3 3 3
Therefore, the direction ratios of the line will be 1, 1, 1.

Now the required line passing through the point (2, 3,  5) is, r  2iˆ  3jˆ  5kˆ   (iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ .
SECTION C
There are 6 Short Answer questions in this section. Each is of 3 marks.
dy
26. (a) Find , if (cos x) y  (cos y) x .
dx
OR
dy 1  y2
(b) If 1  x 2  1  y 2  a (x  y) , prove that  .
dx 1  x2
Sol. (a) (cos x) y  (cos y) x
 log (cos x) y  log (cos y) x
 y log cos x  x log cos y
 sin x dy  sin y dy
Differentiating w.r.t. x both sides, we get : y  log cos x x  log cos y
cos x dx cos y dx
dy
 (log cos x  x tan y)  log cos y  y tan x
dx
dy log cos y  y tan x
  .
dx log cos x  x tan y
OR
(b) Put x  sin , y  sin     sin x,   sin 1 y …(i)
1

 1  x 2  1  y2  a  x  y 
 1  sin 2   1  sin 2   a  sin   sin  
    
 cos   cos   2a  cos sin 
 2 2 
       
 2 cos cos  2a cos sin
2 2 2 2

 cot a
2
     2cot 1 a
 sin 1 x  sin 1 y  2cot 1 a (By (i)
1 1 dy
   0
1  x2 1  y 2 dx
dy 1  y2
  .
dx 1 x2
d2 y 
27. If x  a sin 3 , y  b cos3  , then find 2
at   .
dx 4
Sol. We have, y  b cos3 θ
dy
  3b cos 2 θ sin θ (On differentiating w.r.t. θ both the sides
dθ

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Similarly, x  a sin 3 θ
dx
  3a sin 2 θ cos θ
dθ
dy dy/dθ 3b cos2 θ sin θ b
Now,   2
   cot 
dx dx/dθ 3a sin θ cos θ a
2
d y b  d 
 2     cosec 2θ   (On differentiating w.r.t. x both sides
dx a  dx 
d2y b  1 
 2    cosec2θ  2 
dx a  3a sin  cos  
   
 d y b 2
 2  1  b  1  4 2b
At   , 2
 2
  cosec    2
 2  .
4 dx 3a   
4 sin 2 cos  3a  1 1
  3a 2
 4 4  2 
 2 

e cos x
28. (a) Evaluate 0 ecos x  e cos x dx .
OR
2x  1
(b) Find  (x  1) (x  1) dx .
2


ecos x
Sol. (a) Let I   cos x  cos x
dx …(i)
0
e  e

ecos(  x)
I dx
0
e cos(  x )  e  cos(  x)

e cos x
I dx …(ii)
0
e  cos x  ecos x
  
ecos x e cos x 
Adding (i) and (ii), we get 2I   cos x  cos x
dx   cos x  cos x dx   1dx   x 0    0
0
e e 0
e e 0


I  .
2
OR
2x  1 A B C
(b) Consider   
(x  1) (x  1) x  1 x  1 (x  1)2
2

 2x  1  A(x  1)2  B(x  1)(x  1)  C(x  1)

3 3 1
On comparing the coefficients of like terms on both sides, we get A  , B   , C 
4 4 2
2x  1 3 1 3 1 1 1 
Now  2
dx         2 
dx
(x  1) (x  1)  4 x  1 4 x  1 2 (x  1) 
3 3 1 1
  log x  1   log x  1   c
4 4 2 (x  1)
3 x 1 1 1
  log   c.
4 x  1 2 (x  1)

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dy 2
29. (a) Find the particular solution of the differential equation  2xy  3x 2e x ; y(0)  5 .
dx
OR
(b) Solve the following differential equation : x 2 dy  y(x  y)dx  0 .
dy 2
Sol. (a) On comparing with  P(x)y  Q(x) , we get P(x)  2x, Q(x)  3x 2 e x
dx
Now I.F.  e 
 2xdx 2
 e x
2 2 2
The solution is given by y(e  x )   3x 2e x (e  x )dx  c
2
 y(e  x )   3x 2dx  c
2 x3
 y(e x )  3  c
3
2
Given that, y(0)  5 i.e., y  5 when x  0  5(e 0 )  03  c c5.
 x2 3 x2 3
Therefore, the particular solution is y(e )  x  5 or, y  e (x  5) .
OR
dy y y
(b) Rewriting the D.E.,   1  
dx x x
dy dv
Put y  vx   vx
dx dx
dv
So, v  x   v 1  v    v  v 2
dx
dv
x  2v  v 2
dx
dv dx
 2 
v  2v x
dv dx
 2
 
(v  1)  1 x
1 (v  1)  1
 log   log x  log c, c  0
2 (v  1)  1
y c
 log  2log
y  2x x
2
y c
 log  log  
y  2x x
2
y c
  
y  2x  x 
 x 2 y   (y  2x), where   c2 .

30. Find a vector of magnitude 4 units perpendicular to each of the vectors 2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ and ˆi  ˆj  kˆ
and hence verify your answer.
 
Sol. Let a  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ and b  ˆi  ˆj  kˆ .

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ˆi ˆj kˆ
 
So, a  b  2 1 1  3jˆ  3kˆ
1 1 1
 a  b   3jˆ  3kˆ   3jˆ  3kˆ 
Required vector will be given by 4      4 
 99    4    2 2(ˆj  k)
ˆ
 ab     3 2 
 

Let c  2 2(ˆj  k)ˆ .
   
Note that, a .c  (2iˆ  ˆj  k).
ˆ  2 2(ˆj  k)
ˆ   2 2(0  1  1)  0 a  c .
 
   
Also, b.c  (iˆ  ˆj  k).
ˆ  2 2(ˆj  k)
ˆ   2 2(0  1  1)  0  b  c.
 
31. The random variable X has the following probability distribution where a and b are some
constants.
X 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) 0.2 a a 0.2 b
If the mean, E(X)  3 , then find values of a and b and hence determine P(X  3) .
Sol. As  P(X)  1 so, 0.2  a  a  0.2  b  1  2a  b  0.6 …(i)
Also, E(X)   X .P(X)  3 i.e., 1(0.2)  2a  3a  4(0.2)  5(b)  3
 5a  5b  2 or, a  b  0.4 …(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get a  0.2, b  0.2 .
Also P(X  3)  P(X  3)  P(X  4)  P(X  5)  a  0.2  b  0.6 .
SECTION D
There are 4 Long Answer questions in this section. Each is of 5 marks.
 1 2  3
32. (a) If A   2 0 3 , then find A 1 and hence solve the following system of equations :
 1 2 0 
x  2y  3z  1, 2x  3z  2, x  2y  3.
OR
 1 2 3  6 17 13 
(b) Find the product of the matrices  2 3 2   14 5 8 and hence solve the system of
 3 3 4  15 9 1
linear equations : x  2y  3z  4, 2x  3y  2z  2, 3x  3y  4z  11 .
 1 2  3
Sol. (a) For A   2 0 3 , A  1(0  6)  2(0  3)  3(4  0)  6  6  12  12  0  A 1 exists.
 
 1 2 0 
 6 6 6 
Adjoint of matrix A, adj.A   3 3 3
 4 0 4 
 6 6 6 
adj.A 1 
So, A 1
 3 3 3 
A 12  
 4 0 4 
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Consider x  2y  3z  1, 2x  3z  2, x  2y  3.
 1 2 3 x  1 
Let M   2 0 3 , X   y  , B   2  .
   
 1 2 0   z  3 
As MX  B  X  M 1B or, X  A 1B ( A  M
 6 6 6  1   6  12  18
1  1 
Therefore, X   3 3 3   2   3  6  9 
  
12 12
 4 0 4  3   4  12 
 x  2 
  y   1/2 
   
 z   2/3
1 2
By equality of matrices, we get x  2, y  , z  .
2 3
OR
1 2 3  6 17 13 
(b) Let A   2 3 2  and B   14 5 8
 
 3 3 4   15 9 1
1 2 3  6 17 13   67 0 0 
 AB   2 3 2   14 5 8   0 67 0   67 I3
    
 3 3 4   15 9 1  0 0 67 
 1  1
 A  B   I3  A 1  B
 67  67
Consider the equations, x  2y  3z  4, 2x  3y  2z  2, 3x  3y  4z  11 .
x   4  1 2 3
Let X   y  , P   2  . Also, A   2 3 2  .
   

 z  11   3 3 4 
1
Since AX  P  X  A P
1
So, X  A 1P  BP
67
 6 17 13   4   201 
1     1 
X 14 5 8 2  134 
67     67  
 15 9 1 11   67 
 x  3 
  y    2 
   
 z  1 
By equality of matrices, we get x  3, y  2, z  1 .
33. Find the area of the region bounded by 4x 2  y 2  36 using integration.
x 2 y2
Sol. Rewriting the curve, we get   1 …(i)
9 36

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x 2 y2
Comparing (i) with 2
 2  1 , we get a 2  36, b 2  9  a  6, b  3 .
b a
Note that, the given ellipse in equation (i) is symmetrical
about x and y-axes both.
 Required area  4(Shaded area in figure shown)
3
 4 36  4x 2 dx
0
3
1  x 36 2x  
 4  36  4x 2  sin 1
2  2 2 6   0
 3  
 2   0  18    0 
 2 2 
 18 Sq.units .

34. (a) Find the coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point (2, 3, –8) to the
4  x y 1 z
line   . Also, find the perpendicular distance of the given point from the line.
2 6 3
OR
(b) Find the shortest distance between the lines L1 & L 2 given below.
x y z
L1 : The line passing through (2, –1, 1) and parallel to  
1 1 3
 ˆ ˆ ˆ
L2 : r  i  (2  1) j  (  2)k .
Sol. (a) Let P(2, 3, –8).
Draw PM  Line (L) .
The coordinates of any random point on the line (L) are
M(4  2, 6,1  3) .
The direction ratios of line PM are 2  2, 6  3,9  3 .
Also, the d.r.’s of line (L) are –2, 6, –3.
Using a1a 2  b1b 2  c1c 2  0 , we get 4  4  36  18  27  9  0   1
So, the coordinates of the required foot of perpendicular : M(2, 6,  2) .
Also, the perpendicular distance of given point from line (L)  PM  02  32  62  3 5 units.
OR
x  2 y  1 z 1 
(b) Here L1 :   or, r  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ   (iˆ  ˆj  3k)
ˆ .
1 1 3

Also, L 2 : r  ˆi  ˆj  2kˆ  (2ˆj  k)
ˆ .
  
Clearly, a  2iˆ  ˆj  k, ˆ b  ˆi  ˆj  3kˆ ; a  ˆi  ˆj  2k,
ˆ b  2ˆj  kˆ .
1 1 2 2

ˆi ˆj kˆ
   
Now a 2  a1  ˆi  2jˆ  3k,
ˆ b  b  1 1 3  7iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ .
1 2

0 2 1

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   
(a 2  a 1 ).(b1  b 2 ) (ˆi  2ˆj  3k).(
ˆ 7iˆ  ˆj  2k)
ˆ
726 3 6
 S.D.        units.
b1  b 2 49  1  4 54 3 6 6
35. Solve the following L.P.P. graphically.
Maximise Z  60x  40y
Subject to x  2y  12, 2x  y  12, 4x  5y  20, x  0, y  0 .
Sol. Consider the graph shown below.

Corner points Value of Z

A(0, 4) 160
B(0, 6) 240
C(4, 4) 400  Max.
D(6, 0) 360
E(5, 0) 300

Hence, the maximum value of

objective function Z is 400.

SECTION E
In this section there are 3 Case Study questions of 4 marks each.
36. Students of a school are taken to a railway museum to learn about railways heritage and its
history.

An exhibit in the museum depicted many rail lines on the track near the railway station. Let L be
the set of all rail lines on the railway track and R be the relation on L defined by
R  {(l1 , l2 ) : l1 is parallel to l2 } .
On basis of the above information, answer the following questions.
(i) Find whether the relation R is symmetric or not.
(ii) Find whether the relation R is transitive or not.
(iii) If one of the rail lines on the railway track is represented by the equation y  3x  2 , then
find the set of rail lines in R related to it.
OR
(iii) Let S be the relation defined by S  {(l1 , l2 ) : l1 is perpendicular to l2 } . Check whether the
relation S is symmetric and transitive.
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Sol. (i) Let (l1 , l2 )  R . Then l1 is parallel to l2 implies, l2 is parallel to l1 . That is, (l2 , l1 )  R .
Clearly, R is symmetric.
(ii) Let (l1 , l2 )  R and (l2 , l3 )  R . Then, l1 is parallel to l2 and l2 is parallel to l3 . It implies, l1
is parallel to l3 . That is, (l1 , l3 )  R .
Clearly, R is transitive.
(iii) The set of all rail lines related to the line y  3x  2 is the set of all lines that are parallel to
the line y  3x  2 . The line parallel to the given line is of the form y  3x  c, c   .
Hence, the set of all lines related to the given line is given by y  3x  c, c   .
Recall that, parallel lines have same value of slopes.
OR
(iii) The relation S is symmetric as (l1 , l2 )  S implies that, l1 is perpendicular to l2 which further
implies that, l2 is perpendicular to l1 . That is, (l2 , l1 )  S .
The relation S is not transitive. Indeed, if l1 is perpendicular to l2 and l2 is perpendicular to l3 ,
then l1 can never be perpendicular to l3 .
It means, ( l1 , l2 )  S and ( l2 , l3 ) S but (l1 , l3 ) S.
37. A rectangular visiting card is to contain 24 sq. cm. of printed matter. The margins at the top and
bottom of the card are to be 1 cm and the margins on the left and right are to be 1 ½ cm as shown
below.

On the basis of given information, answer the following questions.

(i) Write the expression for the area of the visiting card in terms of x.
(ii) Obtain the dimensions of the card of minimum area.
Sol. (i) Area of printed matter , xy  24
 24 
 The area of visiting card (A)  (x  3)(y  2)  xy  2x  3y  6  24  2x  3    6
 x 
72
 A  30  2x  .
x
dA 72 d 2 A 144
(ii)  2 2 ,  3
dx x dx 2 x
dA 72
For  0, 2  2  0
dx x
 x 2  36  x  6 cm
 d2A  144
Note that,  2   3  0 . So, A is minimum at x  6 cm .
 dx at x 6 cm 6
24
Therefore, length of card  x  3  9 cm ; breadth of card  y  2   2  6 cm .
x

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38. A departmental store sends bills to charge its customers once a month. Past experience shows
that 70% of its customers pay their first month bill in time. The store also found that the
customer who pays the bill in time has the probability of 0.8 of paying in time next month and
the customer who doesn’t pay in time has the probability of 0.4 of paying in time the next
month.
On the basis of given information, answer the following questions.
(i) Let E1 and E 2 respectively denote the event of customer paying or not paying the first month
bill in time. Find P(E1 ), P(E 2 ) .
(ii) Let A denotes the event of customer paying second month’s bill in time, then find P(A | E1 )
and P(A | E 2 ) .
(iii) Find the probability of customer paying second month’s bill in time.
OR
(iii) Find the probability of customer paying first month’s bill in time if it is found that customer
has paid the second month’s bill in time.
Sol. (i) P(E1 )  70%  0.7, P(E 2 )  1  0.7  0.3 .
(ii) P(A | E1 )  0.8, P(A | E 2 )  0.4 .
(iii) P(A)  P(E1 ) P(A | E1 )  P(E 2 ) P(A | E 2 )
 P(A)  (0.7)(0.8)  (0.3)(0.4)  0.56  0.12  0.68 .
OR
P(E1 ) P(A | E1 )
(iii) Using Bayes’ theorem, P(E1 | A) 
P(E1 ) P(A | E1 )  P(E 2 ) P(A | E 2 )
(0.7) (0.8) 0.56 14
 P(E1 | A)    .
P(A) 0.68 17

 Q.P. Code - 65/5/2

02. If A is a square matrix of order 2 and A  2 , then value of 5A is
(a) 50 (b) 10 (c) 10 (d) 50
2
Sol. (a) 5A  5 A  25 A  25(2)  50 .
05. The product of matrix P and Q is equal to a diagonal matrix. If the order of matrix Q is 3  2 ,
then order of matrix P is
(a) 2  2 (b) 3  3 (c) 2  3 (d) 3  2
Sol. (c) A diagonal matrix is always a square matrix. So, number of rows and columns will be same.
Also, let the order of matrix P be a  3 .
Now the order of resultant diagonal matrix of product PQ will be a  2 . So, a  2 .
Hence, order of P will be 2  3 .
dy
07. If sin (xy)  1 , then is equal to
dx
x x y y
(a) (b)  (c) (d) 
y y x x

Sol. (d) sin (xy)  1 gives, xy  sin 1 1 
2
dy dy y
On differentiating, x .  y.1  0    .
dx dx x

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 /2
2
11. The value of  cot  cosec  d is
 /4

1 1 
(a) (b)  (c) 0 (d) 
2 2 8
 /2  /2  /2
2 2  ( cot )2 
Sol. (a)  cot  cosec  d    ( cot ) cosec  d    
 /4  /4  2   /4
 (0) 2   (1)2    1 1
         0    .
 2   2    2 2
dx
12. The integral  is equal to
9  4x 2
1  2x  1  2x   2x  3  2x 
(a) sin 1    c (b) sin 1    c (c) sin 1    c (d) sin 1    c
6  3  2  3   3  2  3 
dx dx 1 2x
Sol. (b)    sin 1 c.
9  4x 2 32  (2x)2 2 3
13. The area of the region bounded by y 2  4x and x  1 is
4 8 64 32
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 3 3
1
 
Sol. (b) Area (A)  2  2  x dx 
 0 
2 1
 A  4   x x 
3 0

8
 A  1  0 
3
8
 A  Sq. units.
3

dy
14. The general solution of the differential equation  e x  y is
dx
(a) e x  e  y  c (b) e  x  e  y  c (c) e x  y  c (d) 2e x  y  c
dy
Sol. (a) Rewriting the D.E.,  ex  e y
dx
y x
  e dy   e dx
 e  y  c  e x or, e x  e  y  c .
 2 1  1 1  1 
21. If a  sin 1  1
  cos    and b  tan ( 3)  cot    , then find the value of a  b .
 2   2  3
 2 1  1 1  1  2  2
Sol. a  sin 1    cos     sin 
     ,
 2   2  2 3 4 3
 1   2
b  tan 1 ( 3)  cot 1    
 3 3 3

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 2  2   7
Now a  b        .
4 3 3 3 4 3 12
23. Sand is pouring from a pipe at the rate of 15 cm3/minute. The falling sand forms a cone on the
ground such that the height of the cone is always one-third of the radius of the base. How fast is
the height of the sand cone increasing at the instant when the height is 4 cm?
r
Sol. Given that h   r  3h …(i)
3
dV d  1 2 
Also    r h   15 cm3 /min
dt dt  3 
 d
   (3h) 2 h   15 (By using (i), r  3h
3 dt
 d
  9   h 3   15
3 dt
dh 5
 3h 2  
dt 
dh 5
 
dt 3 h 2
dh  5  5 
   cm/min .
dt  at h  4cm 3 (4)  48 
 2

27. Find the values of a and b so that the following function is differentiable for all values of x :
ax  b, x  1
f (x)   2 .
bx  3, x  1
Sol. As the function f is differentiable for all values of x so, it will be differentiable at x  1 .
Further, the function f will be continuous at x  1 as well.
So, lim f (x)  lim f (x)  f (1)
x 1 x 1

 lim (ax  b)  b(1)2  3

x 1
 a(1)  b  b  3  a  3
a, x  1
Also f (x)  
b (2x), x  1
As Lf (1)  Rf (1) so, b{2(1)}  a
3
b (Using a  3
2
(bx 2  3)  (b  3) (ax  b)  (b  3)
Alternatively, Lf (1)  Rf (1) implies, lim  lim
x 1 x  (1) x 1 x  (1)
bx 2  b ax  3
 lim  lim
x 1 x 1 x 1 x  1

b(x  1)(x  1) 3x  3
 lim  lim (Using a  3
x 1 x 1 x 1 x  1

 lim b(x  1)  lim 3

x 1 x 1

3
 b (1  1)  3 b   .
2

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  
30. ˆ b  3iˆ  kˆ and c  2iˆ  ˆj  2kˆ . Find a vector d which is perpendicular to
Given a  2iˆ  ˆj  k,
  
both a and b and c.d  3 .
      
Sol. Since d  a, d  b  d  (a  b) .
  
That is, d   (a  b) .
ˆi ˆj kˆ
  
Now (a  b)  2 1 1  ˆi  5jˆ  3kˆ so, d  (iˆ  5jˆ  3k) ˆ .
3 0 1
 
Also c.d  3 so, (2iˆ  ˆj  2k).
ˆ  (iˆ  5ˆj  3k)
ˆ 3
 (2  5  6)  3   3

Hence, d  3(iˆ  5ˆj  3k)
ˆ  3iˆ  15jˆ  9kˆ .
31. Bag I contains 3 red and 4 black balls. Bag II contains 5 red and 2 black balls. Two balls are
transferred at random from Bag I to Bag II and then a ball is drawn at random from Bag II. Find
the probability that the drawn ball is red in colour.
Sol. Let E : ball drawn from Bag II is red; H1 : 2 red balls are transferred, H2 : 1 red and 1 black
ball are transferred and H3 : 2 black balls are transferred.
3 2 6  3 4  24 4 3 12 7
Clearly P(H1 )    , P(H 2 )  2     , P(H 3 )    , P(E | H1 )  ,
7 6 42  7 6  42 7 6 42 9
6 5
P(E | H 2 )  and, P(E | H 3 )  .
9 9
Therefore, P(E)  P(H1 ) P(E | H1 )  P(H 2 ) P(E | H 2 )  P(H 3 ) P(E | H 3 )
6 7 24 6 12 5 6 1
 P(E)         7  24  10   41
42 9 42 9 42 9 42  9 7 9
41
 P(E)  .
63
35. Solve the following Linear Programming problem graphically.
Maximise Z  300x  600y
5
Subject to x  2y  12, 2x  y  12, x  y  5, x  0, y  0 .
4
Sol. Rewriting the constraints, we get x  2y  12, 2x  y  12, 4x  5y  20, x  0, y  0 .
Consider the graph shown below.
To maximize, Z  300x  600y
 Z  300(x  2y)
Corner points Value of Z
A(0, 4) 2400
B(0, 6) 3600  Max.
C(4, 4) 3600  Max.
D(6, 0) 1800
E(5, 0) 1500

Hence, the maximum value of objective

function Z is 3600.
Also, maximum value of Z is obtained
at all the points on line-segment BC.

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 YouTube channel - Mathematicia By O.P. Gupta  theopgupta.com

 Q.P. Code - 65/5/3

 2 1 1
02. For the matrix A   2 0  to be invertible, the value of  is

 1 2 3 
(a) 0 (b) 10 (c)   {10} (d)   {10}
2 1 1
Sol. (d) Clearly, A   2 0  0 (if A is invertible matrix, A  0
1 2 3
 2(6)  1(3)  1(2  2)  0
 12    2  0    10
Therefore,     {10} .
 x 0  4 0
05. If A    and B    , then value of x for which A 2  B is
 1 1  1 1 
(a) 2 (b) 2 (c) 2 or  2 (d) 4
 x 0  x 0   x 2
2 0
Sol. (a) A     
 1 1  1 1  x  1 1
 x 2 0  4 0
Using A 2  B ,  
 x  1 1   1 1 
By equality of matrices, we get x 2  4, x  1  1
Hence, x  2 .
x 2 sin x
07. Let f (x)  , where p is a constant. The value of p for which f (0)  1 , is
p 1
(a)  (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) 1
2
x sin x
Sol. (d) f (x)    x 2  p sin x
p 1
Now f (x)  2x  p cos x
Hence, f (0)  1,  2 (0)  p cos 0  p  1
 p  1 .
3 2 3
2 2 2
11. If  x dx  k  x dx   x dx , then the value of k is
2 0 2

1
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d)
2
3 2 3 2 3
2 2 2 2 2
Sol. (a)  x dx   x dx   x dx  2 x dx   x dx …(i)
2 2 2 0 2
2
Here f (x)  x 2 in 2
 x dx is even function.
2
3 2 3
2 2 2
Comparing (i) with  x dx  k  x dx   x dx , we get k  2 .
2 0 2
e
12. The value of  log x dx is
1

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(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) e (d) e log e

d 
Sol. (b) Since  log x dx  log x  1dx    (log x) 1dx  dx
 dx 
1 
 x log x     x  dx  x log x  x
x 
e
e
So,  log x dx   x log x  x 1   e log e  e   1log1  1   e  e    0  1  1 .
1
Note that, here the options (c) and (d) both are same as, e log e  e 1  e .
13. The area bounded by the curve y  x , Y-axis and between the lines y  0 and y  3 is
(a) 2 3 (b) 27 (c) 9 (d) 3
Sol. (c) Consider the figure shown.
3
Area   y 2 dy
0
3
 y3 
 
 3 0
 9  0  9 Sq. units.

5
d3 y  dy   d4y 
14. The order of the differential equation  x  dx   4 log  4  is
dx 3    dx 
(a) not defined (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
Sol. (c) Order of D.E. is 4.
x 3  3x 2  1
21. Simplify : cos1 x  cos1   ;  x  1.
 2 2  2
1   
Sol. Let   cos1 x. Then for all x   , 1 ,   0,  . Also x  cos .
2   3
x 3  3x 2 
Consider y  cos 1 x  cos 1   
 2 2 
 cos  3 
 y    cos 1   1  cos2  
 2 2 
1 3     
 y    cos1  cos   sin      cos1 cos     
2 2    3 
       
 y    cos1  cos      0         0  0   
 3  3 3 3 3 3
 
 y     .
3 3
# Note that, cos(A)  cos A .
23. The surface area of a cube increases at the rate of 72 cm2/sec. Find the rate of change of its
volume, when the edge of the cube measures 3 cm.
Sol. Let ‘a’ be the edge length of cube.
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dS d da
Given that,  (6 a 2 )  6(2a)   72 cm 2 /sec
dt dt dt
da 6
  cm/sec …(i)
dt a
dV d 3 da 6
Now volume of cube,  (a )  (3a 2 )   3a 2   18 a
dt dt dt a
dV
At a  3 cm,  18  3  54 cm3 /sec .
dt
d2y dy
27. If y  (tan 1 x)2 , show that (x 2  1) 2 2  2x(x 2  1)  2.
dx dx
Sol. y  (tan 1 x)2
dy  1 
  2(tan 1 x)   2 
dx 1 x 
dy
 (1  x 2 )  2 tan 1 x
dx
d2y dy 1
 (1  x 2 ) 2  2x  2
dx dx 1  x2
2
2 2 d y dy
 (1  x ) 2
 2x(1  x 2 ) 2.
dx dx
    
30. Find the projection of vector (b  c) on vector a , where a  2iˆ  2ˆj  kˆ , b  ˆi  3jˆ  kˆ and
 ˆ ˆ
cik.
     
  (b  c).a   (b  c).a (2iˆ  3jˆ  2k).(2i
ˆ ˆ  2ˆj  k)
ˆ
Sol. Required projection  (b  c).aˆ    (b  c).aˆ   
a a 4  4 1
46 2
  4.
3
31. An urn contains 3 red and 2 white marbles. Two marbles are drawn one by one with replacement
from the urn. Find the probability distribution of the number of white marbles. Also, find the
mean of the number of white marbles drawn.
Sol. Let X be the number of white marbles drawn. Values of X can be 0, 1, 2.
3 3 9  3 2  12 2 2 4
Now P(X  0)    , P(X  1)  2     , P(X  2)    .
5 5 25  5 5  25 5 5 25
The table of probability distribution is given below.
X 0 1 2
P(X) 9 12 4
25 25 25
9 12 4 20 4
Also, the mean   X P(X)  0   1  2    .
25 25 25 25 5
Note : First two sentences in this question mention the word ‘marbles’ while later on, the word
‘marbles’ was replaced with ‘balls’ in the original question paper. It was a case of typing error.
We have done the correction here.
35. Solve the following L.P.P. graphically.
Minimise Z  6x  3y
Subject to constraints 4x  y  80, x  5y  115, 3x  2y  150; x, y  0 .
Sol. Consider the graph shown below.
MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics 21
CBSE 2024 Exams - Maths (041) By O.P. GUPTA (INDIRA Award Winner)

Corner points Value of Z

A(15, 20) 150  Min.
B(40, 15) 285
C(2, 72) 228
The minimum value of objective function Z is 150.

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Indira Award Winner
 The O.P. Gupta Advanced Math Classes
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