Unit 5 - Kinetics Free Response Practice

Name ________________________________________________ Class Period ___________
Unit 5 - Kinetics Free Response Practice
2014 Question 7
The half-life (t1/2) of the catalyzed isomerization of cis-2-butene gas to produce trans-2-butene gas, represented
above, was measured under various conditions, as shown in the table below.
Trial Number Initial Pcis-2-butene(torr) V(L) T(K) t1/2(s)
1 300. 2.00 350. 100.
2 600. 2.00 350. 100.
3 300. 4.00 350. 100.
4 300. 2.00 365. 50.
(a) The reaction is first order. Explain how the data in the table are consistent with a first-order reaction.
(b) Calculate the rate constant, k, for the reaction at 350. K. Include appropriate units with your answer.
(c) Is the initial rate of the reaction in trial 1 greater than, less than, or equal to the initial rate in trial 2 ? Justify
your answer.
(d) The half-life of the reaction in trial 4 is less than the half-life in trial 1. Explain why, in terms of activation
energy.
2017 Question 1
CS2(g) + 3 Cl2(g) → CCl4(g) + S2Cl2(g)
(b) at 30°C the reaction is thermodynamically favorable, but no reaction is observed to occur. However, at 120°C,
the reaction occurs at an observable rate.
(i) Explain how the higher temperature affects the collisions between the reactant molecules so that the
reaction occurs at an observable rate at 120°C.
(ii) The graph below shows a distribution for the collision energies of reactant molecules at 120°C. Draw
a second curve on the graph that shows the distribution for the collision energies of reactant
molecules at 30°C.
2017 Question 2
The ammonium salt of isocyanic acid is a product of the decomposition of urea, CO(NH2)2, represented below.
CO(NH2)2(aq) ⇄ NH4+(aq) + OCN-(aq)
A student studying the decomposition reaction runs the reaction at 90°C. The student collects data on the
concentration of urea as a function of time, as shown by the data table and the graph below.
(e) The student proposes that the rate law is rate = k[COO(NH2)2].
(i) Explain how the data support the student’s proposed rate law.
(ii) Using the proposed rate law and the student’s results, determine the value of the rate constant, k.
Include units with your answer.
(f) The student learns the decomposition reaction was run in a solution with a pH of 13. Briefly describe an
experiment, including the initial conditions that you would change and the data you would gather, to determine
whether the rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of OH-(aq).
2015 Question 5
Na2C37H34N2S3O9 + OCl− → products

blue colorless
Blue food coloring can be oxidized by household bleach (which contains OCl−) to form colorless products, as
represented by the equation above. A student used a spectrophotometer set at a wavelength of 635 nm to study the
absorbance of the food coloring over time during the bleaching process. In the study, bleach is present in large
excess so that the concentration of OCl− is essentially constant throughout the reaction. The student used data from
the study to generate the graphs below.
(a) Based on the graphs above, what is the order of the reaction with respect to the blue food coloring?
(b) The reaction is known to be first order with respect to bleach. In a second experiment, the student prepares
solutions of food coloring and bleach with concentrations that differ from those used in the first experiment.
When the solutions are combined, the student observes that the reaction mixture reaches an absorbance
near zero too rapidly. In order to correct the problem, the student proposes the following three possible
modifications to the experiment.
• Increasing the temperature
• Increasing the concentration of the food coloring
• Increasing the concentration of the bleach
Circle the one proposed modification above that could correct the problem, and explain how that modification
increases the time for the reaction mixture to reach an absorbance near zero.
(c) In another experiment, a student wishes to study the oxidation of red food coloring with bleach. How would
the student need to modify the original experimental procedure to determine the order of the reaction with
respect to the red food coloring?
2016 Question 5
2 C4H6(g) → C8H12(g)
At high temperatures the compound C4H6 (1,3-butadiene) reacts according to the reaction above. The rate of the
reaction was studied at 625 K in a rigid vessel. Two different trials, each with a different starting concentration, were
carried out. The data were plotted in three different ways, as shown below.
(a) For trial 1, calculate the initial pressure, in atm, in the vessel at 625 K. Assume that initially all the gas
present in the vessel is C4H6.
(b) Use the data plotted in the graphs to determine the order of the reaction with respect to C4H6.
(c) The initial rate of the reaction in trial 1 is 0.0010 mol/(L•s). Calculate the rate constant, k, for the reaction at
625 K.

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Name ______________________________________ Class Period _

Unit 5 - Kinetics Free Response Practice

CO(NH2)2(aq) ⇄ NH4+(aq) + OCN-(aq)

Na2C37H34N2S3O9 + OCl− → products

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