Math 30-1 Alberta Education Practice Test 2022 Solutions

Solution
The mapping notation for x x – 2, means a translation 2 units left. [#6]
The mapping notation for y -y + 5, can mean two things, depending on what came
first. This is because -y + 5, could also be thought of as – (y – 5). We could have a
reflection in the x-axis [#1] and then a translation 5 units up [#7]; or a translation 5 units
down [#8] and a reflection in the x-axis [#1].
If the reflection in the x-axis is first, the order of the two translations doesn’t matter. Two
possible answers are [1-6-7] and [1-7-6]
If the translation 5 down is first, the order of the other two transformations doesn’t
matter. Two possible answers are [8-1-6] and [8-6-1].
If the translation 2 units left is first, then we either have a reflection in the x-axis and a
translation 5 units up [6-1-7] or a translation 5 units down and a reflection in the x-axis
[6-8-1].
The total possible answers are [1-6-7], [1-7-6], [8-1-6], [8-6-1], [6-1-7], and [6-8-1].

Use the following information to answer question 1

Solution
Factor out a negative 1 in the brackets from y = f (-x + 4), to y = f (-(x – 4). There is a
reflection in the y-axis and a translation 4 units right.
The key point of this graph is the one furthest to the left, which is (-4, -1). When this
point is reflected in the y-axis and translated 4 units right, it will have the furthest x-
coordinate to the right. Because of the reflection in the y-axis, all the points that were
originally rising to the right in quadrant 1, are now rising to the left in quadrant 2. All
points of this graph now have x-coordinates less than 8. This is because the original x-
coordinate of -4 was reflected in the y-axis to +4, and then translated 4 units to the right.

The domain is {x | x < 8, x ∈ R}

The correct answer is A.

 Use the following information to answer question 2.

Solution
Based on the given options, there is either a vertical stretch or a horizontal stretch.
Consider the possibility of a vertical stretch. When x = 1, g (1) = 4 and f (1) = 1. This
would potentially indicate a vertical stretch by a factor of 4. Confirming, when x = 2,
g (2) = 16 and f (2) = 4. This would also potentially indicate a vertical stretch by a factor
of 4. The equation would be g(x) = 4 f(x). Since this is not one of the options, we are
looking for a horizontal stretch.
When y = 4, the x-coordinate for g(x) is 1 and the x-coordinate for f(x) is 2. The stretch
factor is ½, since 2 is multiplied by ½ to get 1.
In the equation, the ‘b’ value is the reciprocal of the stretch factor. The value of ‘b’ is 2.
The equation is g(x) = f(2x).

The correct answer is B.

Solution
The value of ‘m’ in the equation y = f (m (x – 2)) relates to the horizontal stretch. It is
important to remember that this value in the equation and the stretch factor are
reciprocals of each other. And, given the component, (x – 2), it indicates that all the x-
coordinates of y = f(x) are translated 2 units right after the stretch. From a mapping
notation point of view, the x-coordinates get larger.
Set up an equation to describe the movement of the x-coordinates, starting with 2 and
ending at 8.
1
2( )+ 2 = 8
𝑚
 2
( )=6
𝑚
2=6m
2 1
𝑚 = 𝑜𝑟
6 3

The correct answer is B.

Solution
The function y = f(x) is an exponential function, and its inverse is the logarithmic
function. For the exponential function, the parameter ‘b’ represents the horizontal
asymptote, which in turn affects the range.
For the inverse of this function, the horizontal asymptote becomes the vertical
asymptote, which in turn affects the domain.

The correct answer is D.

Solution
One strategy would be to get the logarithmic expression in terms of the same letter.
1
Given 𝐵2 = 𝐴5 , we could raise both sides of the equal sign to an exponent of 5.
1 1
𝐵2(5) = 𝐴5(5)
2
( )
𝐵 5 =𝐴
Substitute values into the logarithmic expression.
𝑙𝑜𝑔 2
( )
((𝐵)(𝐵2 ))
𝐵 5

𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( )
2 𝐵3
𝐵 5

Set the expression equal to ‘x’ and convert to exponential form.

𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( )
2 𝐵3 = 𝑥
𝐵 5

2 (𝑥)
(( ) )
5
𝐵 = 𝐵3
2𝑥
𝐵 5 = 𝐵3
Since the bases are the same, set the exponents to be equal.
2𝑥
=3
5
2x = 15

x = 7.5
Solution
My first thought was to divide (-1) out of each term, to get, – (log x + log y). Then using
the product law of logarithms, simplify to – (log (xy)). But this is not one of the options.
I could use the power law to move the number in front of the log (i.e. -1) to the
exponential position.
(log (xy)-1).
1
Making the exponent positive, the equivalent expression would be 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑥𝑦)

The correct answer is C.

[NOTE: An alternative would be to substitute convenient values for x and y; for example,
x = 1000 and y = 100. Now which of the options would give an equivalent value?]
Solution
Since we are adding or subtracting logarithmic terms with the same base, applying one
or more of the product, quotient, and power laws is likely.
Usually, numbers in front of the logs are moved to the exponential position using the
power law first.
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑏2 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑐 −5 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 (𝑏𝑐 3 )4
1
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑏2 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 ( 5 ) + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 (𝑏4 𝑐 12 )
𝑐
Keep the base and multiply the values of the powers, or the arguments.
1
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 (𝑏2 ) ( 5 ) (𝑏4 𝑐 12 )
𝑐
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 (𝑏6 )(𝑐 7 )
Write the equivalent expression as the sum of two logs.
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑏6 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑐 7
= 6 + 7logbc

The value of m is 6 and the value of n is 7.

Solution
For function #1, the equation for the vertical asymptote is determined by setting the part
in the backets, i.e. (x – 3), to zero and solving.
x–3=0
x=3
The equation of the vertical asymptote is x = 3.

Similarly, for function #2, 2x – 6 = 0.

2x = 6
x=3
The equation of the vertical asymptote is x = 3.

For function #3, factor the numerator and the denominator.

2𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 2𝑥(𝑥 + 3) 2(𝑥 + 3)
ℎ (𝑥 ) = 2 = =
𝑥 − 3𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 − 3) (𝑥 − 3)
The equation of the vertical asymptote is determined by setting the denominator equal
to zero and solving.
x–3=0
x=3
The equation of the vertical asymptote is x = 3.

For function #4, factor the denominator.

𝑥−3 𝑥−3 1
𝑘 (𝑥 ) = 2
= =
2𝑥 − 6𝑥 2𝑥(𝑥 − 3) 2𝑥
This function has a point of discontinuity at x = 3. There is no vertical asymptote.

The correct answer is D.

Solution
These two graphs are reflections in the x-axis. Given f(x) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 𝑥, g(x) = -𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 𝑥. Refer to
the statement below regarding a logarithm with a fractional base.
When the reflection occurs, the base is reciprocated. Where f(x) has a base of ‘a’, g(x)
1
has a base of .
𝑎

Thus, the relationship between bases ‘a’ and ‘b’ in this question is that ‘a’ > ‘b’.

The correct answer is C.

Solution
Use the product law of logarithms to combine the two terms on the left side of the equal
sign. 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 5) = 2
Convert to exponential form.
32 = (x + 3) (x – 5)
9 = x2 - 2x -15
0 = x2 – 2x – 24
0 = (x – 6) (x + 4)
x = 6 or x = -4
If x = -4, the logarithmic expressions would be undefined since it is not possible to take
the log of a negative number.
Therefore, -4 is an extraneous solution.

The correct answer is C.

Solution
Substitute the magnitude values of (-1.5) and then (3.5) to find the light flux.
-1.5 = 6 – 2.5 log L
2.5 log L = 6 + 1.5
2.5 log L = 7.5
log L = 3
103 = L
1000 = L

3.5 = 6 – 2.5 log L

2.5 log L = 6 – 3.5
2.5 log L = 2.5
log L = 1
101 = L
10 = L

Comparing 1000 with 10, the light flux from a star with a magnitude of -1.5 is 100 times
greater than the light flux from a star with a magnitude of 3.5.

The correct answer is A.

Solution
For statement 1, use synthetic division.
-1 1 -2 -13 -10
-1 3 10
1 -3 -10 0
The quotient is x2 – 3x – 10.
Statement 1 is true.

For statement 2, if P(x) has a factor of (x – 1), it would mean that substituting x = 1 into
the equation would result in a remainder of 0.
P (1) = (1)3 – 2(1)2 – 13(1) – 10
P (1) = 1 – 2 – 13 – 10
P (1) = -24
Thus, (x – 1) is not a factor. Statement 2 is false.

For statement 3, if P (-2) = 0, then (x + 2) is a factor. Statement 3 is false.

Statement 4 is true.

The correct answer is B.

Solution
Select some appropriate values for a, b, and c and draw a sketch to see the function on
a graph.
Make the ‘a’ value negative and draw a new sketch (blue dotted).
For both graphs, the domain and range are the set of real numbers.
The x-intercepts will remain the same.
The y-intercept changes.

The correct answer is D.

Solution
In terms of ‘r’ means that the answer will have an ‘r’ in it. We do not know what the value
is for ‘r’, but we can still isolate ‘a’.
If a graph passes through a point, it means that the point will satisfy the equation.
Substitute the point (0,6) for ‘x’ and ‘y’ in the equation.
6 = a ((0) – r) ((0) – 1)2 ((0) – 4)
6 = a(-r) (1) (-4)
6 = 4ar
6 3
𝑎= =
4𝑟 2𝑟
The correct answer is A.
Solution

Compared to the base function, 𝑦 = √𝑥, there is vertical stretch by a factor of ‘a’, a
reflection in the y-axis, a translation 4 units right and a translation 5 units up. Use the
given point (-1, 11) to determine the value of ‘a’.

11 = 𝑎√−((−1) − 4) + 5

11 = 𝑎√5 + 5

6 = 𝑎√5
 6
𝑎=
√5
a = 2.683…

The value of a to the nearest hundredth is 2.68.

Solution
We are dealing with composite functions, where the output of one function becomes the
input of the next function.
Begin with determining h (16).
ℎ(16) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔1 (16)
2

𝑙𝑜𝑔16
ℎ(16) = , [𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔⁡𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒⁡𝑜𝑓⁡𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒]
log⁡(0.5)
h (16) = -4
The output for function h is -4 and this becomes the input for function g.
1
𝑔(−4) = | (−4) − 5|
2
𝑔(−4) = |−7|
𝑔(−4) = 7
The output for function g is 7 and this becomes the input for function f.
𝑓(7) = 8 − 3(7)
𝑓(7) = ⁡ −13
The correct answer is A.
Solution
As with all operations on functions, for a given ‘x’ value, perform the operation on the
corresponding ‘y’ values.
For example, when x = 0, function f is 2 and function g is 4. Since this question involves
2 1
quotients, 4 = 2. The new function should have the point (0, ½ ).

Options A and C are eliminated because they have the point (0,2).
4
On the original f(2) = 4 and g(2) = 2. Since 2 = 2, the point (2,2) should be on the new
graph. Graph B shows this point.

The correct answer is B.

Solution
This question involves a radius, a measure of an angle in radians, and an arc length.
We will determine the measure of the angle in radians, and then convert to degrees.
𝑎𝑟𝑐⁡𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
Use the relationship, 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠

With a diameter of 2.5 m, the radius is 1.25 m. The arc length is 87 cm.
Converting so that we can use the same units, the radius is 125 cm, and the arc length
is 87 cm.
87
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 =
125
The angle measure is 0.696 radians.
180
Multiply this number by
𝜋

180
0.069 ( ) = 39.877 …
𝜋

Angle 𝜃 to the nearest degree is 400.

The correct answer is C.

Solution

2𝜋 2𝜋 𝜋
If point B rotates to 𝜋 radians, it will have travelled radians. Adding to will
3 3 4
determine the measure of the smallest angle ACB.
The sum of these two radian measures is 2.879…

To the nearest hundredth of a radian, the smaller angle ACB is 2.88.

2.88
Solution
8
All points on the unit circle are (cos𝜃, sin𝜃). Thus, we know that 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = − 17. Since
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 , we need to find x, or cos𝜃.

Use the equation 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 1.

8 2
(− ) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 1
17

2
8 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 1 − (− )
17
64
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 1 − ( )
289
289 64
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = ( )−( )
289 289
225
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = ( )
289
Take the square root of both sides.
15
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = ± ( )
17
15
Since we are told in the question that x > 0, 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 =
17
 15
15 17 15
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 17 = ( ) (− ) = − ⁡.
8 17 8 8
− 17

The correct answer is D.

Solution
4𝜋 𝜋
Using the unit circle, ( 3 ) is in quadrant 3 and the reference angle is ( 3 ) or 600. Using
𝜋 √3
the special triangle, 300 – 600 – 900, we know that sin( 3 ) = . Since we must be in
2
4𝜋 √3
quadrant 3 and sin is negative in this quadrant, sin( ) = − . Now take the reciprocal,
3 2
4𝜋 2
and we get csc( 3 ) = − .
√3

6𝜋 8𝜋
Since 1 complete rotation in the unit circle is 2𝜋 radians, or radians, for ( 3 ), we have
3
2𝜋
rotated a full rotation, and then another ( 3 ), placing the terminal arm in quadrant 2,
𝜋
with a reference angle of ( 3 ) or 600. Again, using this specific special triangle,
2𝜋
𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( 3 ) = −√3. Since we want cot, reciprocate this ratio.
8𝜋 1
Thus, 𝑐𝑜𝑡 ( 3 ) = − .
√3

We now have an equation to solve K.

2 1
− +𝐾 = − ⁡.
√3 √3
 1 2
𝐾=− + .
√ 3 √3

1
𝐾=
√3

The correct answer is C.

Solution
The parameter ‘b’ is related to the period. By looking at the graph, we can pick two
distinguishable points, such as (0,3) and (4𝜋,3), that show the beginning and ending of
one complete cycle. We read the period off the x-axis. The period is 4𝜋. The ‘b’ value in
2𝜋 2𝜋 1
the equation is found by, 𝑏 = 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 = 4𝜋 = 2. The answer must be A or B.

The phase shift, c, of a cosine graph is determined in relation to the maximum value. If
the maximum value is on the y-axis, there is no phase shift. In this question, the closest
maximum value to the y-axis, is 𝜋 units to the right. Showing this in the equation, would
be (x – 𝜋).

The correct answer is A.

Solution
Use the first graph to determine the value of ‘a’, where ‘a’ represents the x coordinate
on the graph. Substitute into the equation.
y = log3 x
1
− = 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥
2
Re-write in exponential form.
1
3− 2 = 𝑥
1 1
𝑥= 1 =
32 √3

Going to the second graph, y = tan x, the given point is (k, a), where ‘k’ represents the
x- coordinate and ‘a’ represents the y-coordinate.
Substitute into the equation.
y = tan x
1
= tan 𝑥
√3
1
What value of x, in degrees, will yield a tan ratio of ?
√3

From the graph, we can see that the value can’t be in quadrant 1 because of the
asymptote at 900. The only other quadrant where tangent is positive is in quadrant 3.
Using special triangles, the reference angle in this quadrant must be 30 0. Therefore, the
rotation angle is 2100.

The correct answer is C.

Solution
When dealing with the first binomial, (2 sin x – 2), set it equal to zero and isolate sin x.
sin x = 1.
𝜋
Using this unit circle tool, we can see that the only solution in the domain is radians.
2

When dealing with the second binomial, (a sin x + b), we can’t determine the specific
solutions because we do not know the values of ‘a’ and ‘b’. But since we know that
a > b, when setting this binomial equal to zero and isolating sin x, the ratio will be
between 0 and 1. Being that both letters are positive, using the CAST rule tells us that
there are two positive sine ratios (and thus 2 solutions) in quadrants 1 and 2.
The number of solutions in the domain is 3.
Solution
10𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 5
1
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 =
2
1
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = ±
√2
𝜋
The reference angle is and because there are two positive and two negative ratios,
4
there is a terminal arm in each of the 4 quadrants.
Referring to the diagram below, Sandy cannot be correct because her solution starts
𝜋
with 4 at Point A, and then adding 𝜋 will get to Point C and will continue to just include
these two solutions. It misses the solutions in quadrants 2 and 4.
𝜋 7𝜋
Luke can also not be correct. He starts at and , which are both valid solutions, but
4 4
by adding or subtracting multiples of 2𝜋, the other two solutions will not be included.
𝜋 𝜋
Noah’s solution is correct. He says to start at 4 , and then with a rotation, we will
2
consistently arrive at the next possible solution.
 𝜋 3𝜋
Jane’s solution is also correct. She has two starting points, and . Adding 𝜋 to each of
4 4
these solutions, will consistently include all 4 of the possible solutions.

The correct answer is D.

Solution
In step 2, the student substituted (1 + sin2x) for cos2x. It should have been (1 - sin2x)
On the formula sheet, the identity, sin2x + cos2x = 1, can be written in two equivalent
forms.
sin2x = 1 - cos2x
cos2x = 1 - sin2x

The correct answer is B.

Solution
Use the Fundamental Counting Principle.
There are 3 stages:
Type of Ticket Meal Choice Hotels
3 X 3 X 3
The product is 27.

The number of different vacation packages that Eden can select is 27.

Solution
Place the 4 vowels together in one stage. With the 6 remaining letters, there is a total of
7 stages.
4 Vowels letter letter letter letter letter letter
For the first part of the answer, we will not worry about the ordering of the vowels in their
specific stage. We will just be concerned about the 4 vowels being together in any one
of the 7 stages.
As this is done, we must be concerned about the repetition within the 6 remaining
letters. There are two Cs and two Ss to go along with the B and the L.
7!
This first part of the answer will be determined by (2!2!) or 1260.

For the second part, we will now focus on the ordering of the 4 vowels within their
unique stage. We will account for the repetition of the two Es. This part of the answer is
4!
determined by (2!) or 12.

The answer is the product of (1260) (12).

The correct answer is B.

Solution
We can break this question into two stages.
Songs Suggested By The Coach Songs Suggested By The Players
There is a total of 4 and we want There is a total of 10 and we want
exactly 2. exactly 3 (to make the overall total of 5)

4C2 X 10C3
 (6) X (120)

= 720

The correct answer is C.

Solution
There are 9 terms, and the middle term is 5th. K = 4
8C4 (x)4 (-2y)4
(70) (x4) (16y4)
1120x4y4

The correct answer is A.

Solution
Since the 2nd term has an exponent of 7 on the variable, the 1st term must have an
exponent of 8. That would mean that b = 8.
For the 2nd term, k = 1. Use the general term to find ‘a’.
tk+1 = nCK xn-k yk
t1+1=8C1 (x)7(a)1
24x7 = (8) (x7) (a)
24x7 = (8a) (x7)
24 = 8a
3=a

Confirm the 3rd term, 252x6, by using the binomial theorem to expand (x + 3)8.
t3 = 8C2 (x)6 (3)2
t3 = (28) (x)6 (9)
t3 = 252x6

The values of a and b respectively are 3 and 8.